(共40张PPT)
九年级英语下专题复习18主谓一致
句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化。其谓语需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即:
谓语要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。
一、主语和谓语的一致关系
1． 根据语法一致的原则确定谓语形式
1）单数主语＋单数谓语，复数主语＋复数谓语
e.g.
The
work
is
important.
这项工作重要。
The
children
are
taken
good
care
of.
孩子们得到很好的照料。
2）在“主语＋系词＋表语结构”
中，系动词要与主语的数保持一致，不受其表语的影响。
e.g.
Their
greatest
concern
is
the
children.
Paul
is
friends
with
Bill.
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3)
在“单数名词（主语）＋(together)with+名词”
结构中谓语只与主语保持一致，这是因为上述短语只起修饰主语的作用，而非主语的一部分。
（along
with,
as
well
as
,
but
,
besides
,
except
,added
to
,
including
,
like
,no
less
than
,
rather
than
,
more
than
也沿用上述用法）
e.g.
A
woman
with
two
children
has
come.
一位妇女带着两个孩子来了。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2． 主语含有and 形式的谓语形式
1）“单数名词＋and＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
e.g.
Plastics
and
rubber
never
rot.
塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。
The
poet
and
the
novelist
were
both
present
at
the
meeting.
那位诗人和那位小说家都出席会议了。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2)
如果并列主语指的是“同一个”
人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。
e.g.
The
worker
and
writer
has
come.
这位工人作家来了。
A
cart
and
horse
was
seen
in
the
distance.
远处能看见有一套马车。
Truth
and
honesty
is
the
best
policy.
真诚是最好的策略。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3)
“and”
前、后的单数词语都有“each,
every
,many
,a
,
No”
等修饰时，仍作单数用。
e.g.
Every
boy
and
every
girl
enjoys
equal
rights
here.
这里每个男孩和每个女孩都享有平等权益。
No
teacher
and
no
student
is
excused
from
taking
part
in
the
activity.
没有哪个教师或学生可以免于参加这项活动。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
4)
以“and”或“both…
and”连接的并列主语通常作复数用
。
e.g.
What
he
says
and
what
he
does
do
not
agree.
他言行不一致。
Both
Tom
and
I
are
fond
of
medicine.
我和汤姆都喜欢医学。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3． 根据临近词一致的原则确定谓语形式
由下列词语连接的并列主语：“or
;
either
…or；nor;
neither…or；whether…or；not…but;
not
only…but
also”依据“临
近原则
”确定谓语形式.
e.g.
Neither
you
nor
I
am
wrong.
你和我都没错。
Not
you
but
your
father
is
to
blame.
不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
4． 谓语用单数的情况
1）动名词、动词不定式或主语从句作主语。
e.g.
Reading
is
a
great
pleasure
in
life.
读书是人生一大乐趣。
To
live
means
to
create.
生活就意味着创造。
What
we
need
is
more
practice.
我们需要的是更多的实践。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2)
数词或“数词＋复数名词（表示时间、距离、金额、重量、大小、体积等）”作主语。
e.g.
Twenty
years
is
not
a
long
time.
二十年光阴，弹指一挥间。
Ten
dollars
is
too
much
to
pay
for
that
shirt.
花十美元买那件衬衫太贵了。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3）数形式的专有名词作主语。
“书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名”等通常作单数用。
e.g.
The
United
States
was
founded
in
1776.
美国成立于1776年。
The
Arabian
Nights
is
very
interesting.
《天方夜谭》很有趣。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
4）“many+
a
/more
than
one
+
单名”大多接单数谓语。
e.g.
Many
a
fine
man
has
died
for
it.
许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。
More
than
one
person
was
absent.
不止一个人缺席。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
5． 谓语用复数的情况
1) 集合名词作主语时有些通常作复数用（不变词形）。如：“people
,
police
,
cattle
(牛，牲口)，folk
,
youth
,
militia
(民兵)”等。
e.g.
The
police
have
caught
the
murderer.
警方已捕获凶手。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2)
有些指“整体”
时作单数，指其中的“成员”
时作复数（不变词形）。如
：
army,
audience,
class,
club,
company,
committee,
staff,
family,
public,
government,
group,
party,
union,
couple,
population,
team等
e.g.
The
public
are
requested
not
to
litter.
请公众不要乱扔废弃物。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
6 .
代词作主语时的谓语形式
1)不定代词“each
,one
,
much,
(a)little
,either
,neither
,another
,the
other(+单名)”
等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。
e.g.
Each
of
the
girls
(Each
girl)
has
a
new
hat.
每个女孩都有顶新帽子。
Neither
of
the
plans
suits
/
suit
me.
两个计划都不适合我。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2)下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：
“someone
,somebody
,something
,anybody
,anyone
,anything
,everybody
,everyone
,everything
,nobody
,no
one
,nothing
”等。
e.g.
Is
everybody
here
都到齐了吗？
There
was
nothing
special
then.
那时没什么特别情况。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3)下列不定代词作复数用：
“（a）few
,many
,several，
both”等。
e.g.
Few
(of
the
guests
)
were
familiar
to
us.
没几个（客人）是我们熟识的。
Both
/
Both
(of
)
these
are
interesting.
两部影片都有趣。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
4)
下列代词须视其“具体所指”来决定单、复数：“what
,which
,who
,whose
”
等。
e.g.
Who
is
your
brother
你兄弟是谁？
Who
are
League
members
？
哪些是团员？
二、主谓一致的具体原则
5）“all
,
some
,more
,most
,any
,none
,a
lot(of
),
lots
(of
),”
等。
e.g.
All
(of
the
students
)
are
working
hard.
（所有的学生）都在用功。
All
(of
the
paint
)
is
fine.
（这些油漆）都很好。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
6）“half(of),
plenty
(of),
the
rest(of),
(a)part(of),
the
remainder(of
)余下的）”
等。
e.g.
Half
of
the
apples
are
bad.
苹果中有一半是坏的。
Half
of
the
apple
is
bad.
这只苹果坏了一半。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
7. 谓语需经判断句子再决定的情况
单、复数同形或易混的词作主语时：
1)
以“-ics”结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。
e.g.
Mathematics
seems
easy
to
me.
我似乎觉得数学不难。
但是，表“具体的学业、活动”等时，多用作复数。
e.g.
Her
mathematics
are
weak.
她数学差。（指“学业成绩、能力”）
What
are
your
politics
你的政治观点如何？
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2)“works工厂，means方法，series系列，species物种，aircraft飞机”等名词单、复数同形，要从上下文判断其具体意义来决定单、复数。
e.g.
This
works
was(These
works
were)built
two
years
ago.
这（几）家工厂是两年前修建的。
Every
means
has
(All
means
have)
been
tried.
各种办法都试过了。
这类名词通常还有“fish
,deer
,sheep
,headquarters
(总部驻地),bellows(风箱),
plastics,
gallows
(绞架),
manners(礼貌)
,whereabouts
(行踪),
”等。（但news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3)
“书刊名”
有时作单数或复数两可，尤其是编成集子的书。
e.g.
Dickens’
American
Notes
were
(was
)
published
in
1842.
狄更斯所著的《美国笔记》出版于1842年。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
4)
“what等引导的从句”
作主语时：大多作单数用。
e.g.
What
we
need
is
more
practice.
我们需要的是更多的实践。
What
he
says
doesn’t
agree
with
what
he
does.
他言行不一致。
若从句是含复数意义的并列结构、或“表语”是复数时，谓语动词用单数或复数两可。
e.g.
What
you
say
and
think
is
/are
no
business
of
mine.
你怎么说以及怎么想，不关我的事。
What
he
bought
was
/were
some
books.
他所买的是几本书。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
5)
“the
+
形容词/分词
”
作主语时：
指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用。
e.g.
The
English
speak
English.
英国人讲英语。
The
rejected
were
heaped
in
the
corner.
废品堆在角落里。
指“某一个”
人，或“抽象的”
事物时，作单数用。
e.g.
The
deceased
was
his
father.
去世的是他父亲。
The
agreeable
is
not
always
the
useful.
好看的不一定中用。
The
new
and
progressive
always
wins
over
the
old.
新生、进步的事物总是要战胜旧的东西。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
8 .表示数量的短语作主语时的谓语形式
1)
主语前加表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a
kind
(sort
/
type
/
form
/pair
/cup
/glass
/piece
/
load
/
block
/
box
/
handful
/
quantity
/
ton
/
metre
/…
)of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语形式。
e.g.
a）There
is
only
a
small
quantity
of
paper
left.
只剩下少量的纸了。
Large
quantities
of
water
are
needed.
需要大量的水。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
b）This
kind
of
apple
is
sweet.
这种苹果甜。
This
kind
of
apples
is
(are)
sweet.
（大多依
kind
，作单数用
）
These
kind(s)
of
apple(s)
are
sweet.
（总作复数用）
但:
Apples
of
this
kind
are
sweet.
（总作复数用）
二、主谓一致的具体原则
2)“分数、百分数”
通常依其“具体所指”
来决定单、复数。
e.g.
About
40
percent
/
two-fifths
of
the
books
here
are
(is)
worth
reading.
这些书中百分之四十/五分之二值得读。
Only
sixty
percent
/
three-fifths
of
the
work
was
done
yesterday.
昨天只干完了百分之六十/五分之三的工作。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
3)“a
number
of
(许多)/
a
variety
of
(各式各样)
”+复数名词，常作复数用。
e.g.
A
number
of
students
in
this
class
are
(is)
from
Sichuan.
这个班有不少同学来自四川。
There
are
a
variety
of
toys
in
this
shop.
这家商店有各种各样的玩具。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
但是，“the
number(数目)/
the
variety(种类)”
+of
+
复数名词，作单数。
e.g.
The
number
of
students
in
this
college
has
doubled.
这所大学的学生人数翻了一番。
The
variety
of
goods
in
this
shop
is
rich.
这家商店货物品种丰富。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
【品味中考】专题复习18主谓一致教案
【教学目标】
1.要求学生掌握主谓一致的原则。
2.提醒学生掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。
【教学重点难点】
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
【知识梳理】
根据对主谓一致部分中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分重点考查的内容为：
1、主谓一致的语法一致原则;
2、主谓一致的整体一致原则;
3、主谓一致的就近一致原则;
4、主谓一致的意义一致原则;
5、主谓一致的附加原则。
一、主语和谓语的一致关系
句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化。其谓语需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即:
谓语要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。
二、主谓一致的具体原则
1． 根据语法一致的原则确定谓语形式
1）单数主语＋单数谓语，复数主语＋复数谓语
如：The
work
is
important.
这项工作重要。
The
children
are
taken
good
care
of.
孩子们得到很好的照料。
2）在“主语＋系词＋表语结构”中，系动词要与主语的数保持一致，不受其表语的影响。如：
Their
greatest
concern
is
the
children.
Paul
is
friends
with
Bill.
3)
在“单数名词（主语）＋(together)with+名词”结构中谓语只与主语保持一致，这是因为上述短语只起修饰主语的作用，而非主语的一部分。（along
with,
as
well
as,
but,
besides,
except,
added
to,
including,
like,
no
less
than,
rather
than,
more
than
也沿用上述用法）
如：A
woman
with
two
children
has
come.
一位妇女带着两个孩子来了。
I
as
well
as
they
am
ready
to
help
you.
不仅他们，我也愿帮助你。
2．主语含有and 形式的谓语形式
1）“单数名词＋and＋单数名词”
作主语，谓语动词用复数。如：
Plastics
and
rubber
never
rot.
塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。
The
poet
and
the
novelist
were
both
present
at
the
meeting.
那位诗人和那位小说家都出席会议了.
2)
如果并列主语指的是“同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。如：
The
worker
and
writer
has
come.
这位工人作家来了。
A
cart
and
horse
was
seen
in
the
distance.
远处能看见有一套马车。
Truth
and
honesty
is
the
best
policy.
真诚是最好的策略。
3)
“and”前、后的单数词语都有“each,
every,
many,
a,
no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。如：Every
boy
and
every
girl
enjoys
equal
rights
here.
这里每个男孩和每个女孩都享有平等权益。
No
teacher
and
no
student
is
excused
from
taking
part
in
the
activity.
没有哪个教师或学生可以免于参加这项活动。
4)
以“and
”或“both…
and”连接的并列主语通常作复数用。如：
What
he
says
and
what
he
does
do
not
agree.
他言行不一致。
Both
Tom
and
I
are
fond
of
medicine.
我和汤姆都喜欢医学。
3．根据临近词一致的原则确定谓语形式
由下列词语连接的并列主语：
“or
;
either
…or；nor;
neither…or；whether…or；not…but;
not
only…but
also”
依据“临近原则”确定谓语形式。如：
What
he
does
or
what
he
says
does
not
concern
me.
他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
Neither
you
nor
I
am
wrong.
你和我都没错。
Not
you
but
your
father
is
to
blame.
不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。
Not
only
you
but
(also)
he
is
wrong.
不仅你错了，他也错了。
4． 谓语用单数的情况
1）动名词、动词不定式或主语从句作主语。如：
Reading
is
a
great
pleasure
in
life.
读书是人生一大乐趣。
To
live
means
to
create.
生活就意味着创造。
What
we
need
is
more
practice.
我们需要的是更多的实践。
2)
数词或“数词＋复数名词（表示时间、距离、金额、重量、大小、体积等）”作主语。如：
Twenty
years
is
not
a
long
time.
二十年光阴，弹指一挥间。
Ten
dollars
is
too
much
to
pay
for
that
shirt.
花十美元买那件衬衫太贵了。
3）数形式的专有名词作主语。
“书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名”等通常作单数用。如：
The
United
States
was
founded
in
1776.
美国成立于1776年。
The
Arabian
Nights
is
very
interesting.
《天方夜谭》很有趣。
4）“many+
a
/more
than
one
+
单名”大多接单数谓语。如：
Many
a
fine
man
has
died
for
it.
许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。
More
than
one
person
was
absent.
不止一个人缺席。
5． 谓语用复数的情况
1) 集合名词作主语时有些通常作复数用（不变词形）。如：“people,
police,
cattle
(牛，牲口)，folk,
youth,
militia
(民兵)
”，等。如：
The
police
have
caught
the
murderer
.警方已捕获凶手。
2)
有些指“整体”时作单数，指其中的“成员”时作复数（不变词形）。如
“army,
audience
(听众),
class,
club,
company,
committee,
crew,
crowd
,
staff
(员工),
family,
public,
government,
group,
party,
union,
couple,
population,
team
”等。
如：The
public
are
requested
not
to
litter
.
请公众不要乱扔废弃物。
6.
代词作主语时的谓语形式
1)不定代词
“each
,one
,
much,
(a)little
,either
,neither
,another
,the
other(+单名)
”
等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。如：
Each
of
the
girls
(Each
girl)
has
a
new
hat.
每个女孩都有顶新帽子。
Neither
of
the
plans
suits
/
suit
me.
两个计划都不适合我。
2)下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：
“someone,
somebody,
something,
anybody,
anyone,
anything,
everybody,
everyone,
everything,
nobody,
no
one,
nothing
”等。如：Is
everybody
here
都到齐了吗？
There
was
nothing
special
then.
那时没什么特别情况。
3)下列不定代词作复数用：“（a）few
,many
,several，
both”等。如：
Few
(of
the
guests
)
were
familiar
to
us.
没几个（客人）是我们熟识的。
Both
/
Both
(of
)
these
are
interesting.
两部影片都有趣。
4)
下列代词须视其“具体所指”来决定单、复数：“what
,which
,who
,whose
”等。如：Who
is
your
brother
你兄弟是谁？
Who
are
League
members？哪些是团员？
5）“all,
some,
more,
most,
any,
none,
a
lot(of
),
lots
(of
)
”等。如：
All
(of
the
students
)
are
working
hard.（所有的学生）都在用功。
All
(of
the
paint
)
is
fine.（这些油漆）都很好。
6）“half(of),
plenty
(of),
the
rest(of),
(a)part(of),
the
remainder(of
)余下的）”，等。如：Half
of
the
apples
are
bad.苹果中有一半是坏的。
Half
of
the
apple
is
bad.这只苹果坏了一半。
7. 谓语需经判断句子再决定的情况
单、复数同形或易混的词作主语时：
1)
以“-ics”结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。如:
Mathematics
seems
easy
to
me.我似乎觉得数学不难。
但是，表“具体的学业、活动”等时，多用作复数。如:
Her
mathematics
are
weak.
她数学差。（指“学业成绩、能力”）
What
are
your
politics
你的政治观点如何？
2)“works工厂，means方法，series系列，species物种，aircraft飞机”等名词单、复数同形，要从上下文判断其具体意义来决定单、复数。如：
This
works
was
(These
works
were)
built
two
years
ago.
这（几）家工厂是两年前修建的。
Every
means
has
(All
means
have)
been
tried.
各种办法都试过了。
这类名词通常还有“fish,
deer,
sheep,
headquarters
(总部驻地),
bellows
(风箱),
plastics,
gallows
(绞架),
manners(礼貌),
whereabouts
(行踪),
”等。（但news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）
3)
“书刊名”有时作单数或复数两可，尤其是编成集子的书。如：
Dickens’
American
Notes
were
(was)
published
in
1842.
狄更斯所著的《美国笔记》出版于1842年。
4)
“what等引导的从句”
作主语时：大多作单数用。如：
What
we
need
is
more
practice.
我们需要的是更多的实践。
What
he
says
doesn't
agree
with
what
he
does.
他言行不一致。
若从句是含复数意义的并列结构、或“表语”是复数时,谓语动词用单数或复数两可。如：
What
you
say
and
think
is
/are
no
business
of
mine.
你怎么说以及怎么想，不关我的事。
What
he
bought
was
/were
some
books.
他所买的是几本书。
5)
“the
+
形容词/分词”作主语时：
指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用。如：
The
English
speak
English.
英国人讲英语。
The
rejected
were
heaped
in
the
corner.
废品堆在角落里。
指“某一个”人，或“抽象的”事物时，作单数用。如：
The
deceased
was
his
father.
去世的是他父亲。
The
agreeable
is
not
always
the
useful.
好看的不一定中用。
The
new
and
progressive
always
wins
over
the
old.
新生、进步的事物总是要战胜旧的东西。
8 .
表示数量的短语作主语时的谓语形式
1)
主语前加表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a
kind
(sort
/
type
/
form
/pair
/cup
/glass
/piece
/
load
/
block
/
box
/
handful
/
quantity
/
ton
/
metre
/…
)of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语形式。如：
a）There
is
only
a
small
quantity
of
paper
(books)
left.
只剩下少量的纸（书）了。
Large
quantities
of
water
are
needed.
需要大量的水。
b）This
kind
of
apple
is
sweet.
这种苹果甜。
This
kind
of
apples
is
(are)
sweet.
（大多依
kind，作单数用
）
These
kind(s)
of
apple(s)
are
sweet.
（总作复数用）
但:
Apples
of
this
kind
are
sweet.
（总作复数用）
2)“分数、百分数”通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。如：
About
40
percent
/
two-fifths
of
the
books
here
are
(is)
worth
reading.
这些书中百分之四十/五分之二值得读。
Only
sixty
percent
/
three-fifths
of
the
work
was
done
yesterday.
昨天只干完了百分之六十/五分之三的工作。
3)“a
number
of
(许多)/
a
variety
of
(各式各样)
”+复数名词，常作复数用。如：A
number
of
students
in
this
class
are
(is)
from
Sichuan.
这个班有不少同学来自四川。
There
are
a
variety
of
toys
in
this
shop.
这家商店有各种各样的玩具。
但是，“the
number(数目)/
the
variety(种类)”+
of
+
复数名词，作单数。如:
The
number
of
students
in
this
college
has
doubled.
这所大学的学生人数翻了一番。
The
variety
of
goods
in
this
shop
is
rich.
这家商店货物品种丰富。
【品味中考】
1.
—What
________
the
number
of
the
students
in
your
school
—About
two
thousand.
A
number
of
them
_______
from
the
countryside.
(泰安)
A．is;
are
B．is;
is
C．are;
is
D．are;
are
【解析】A。考查主谓一致。the
number
of“……的数量”，后接名词复数，谓语动词要用单数形式；a
number
of“许多，大量”，后接名词复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。故选
A。
2．—Where
is
Mr.
Wang
—He
together
with
his
students
________
Zhuyuwan
Park.
(扬州)
A．has
gone
to
B．have
gone
to
C．has
been
to
D．have
been
to
【解析】
A。
考查主谓一致及have
gone
to与have
been
to的区别。He
together
with
his
students作主语时谓语动词与together
with前面的主语一致，应排除B和D；由句意“他和同学一起去了茱萸湾公园”可知应选A。
3.
There
________
some
flowers
on
the
teacher's
desk
just
now,
but
now
there
________
nothing
on
it.
A．have;
has
B．were;
was
C．were;
is
D．has;
has
【解析】C。考查动词时态及主谓一致。there
be句型中be的单复数形式由其后名词的单复数形式决定，由some
flowers及时间状语just
now(刚才)可知，第一个空格处用were;
nothing意为“没有东西”，是不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，结合时间状语now，可知第二个空格处用is，故选C项。
4．Half
of
the
class
________
most
of
the
work；some
of
the
work
________
really
difficult.
A．have
done；is
B．has
done；are
C．has
done；is
D．have
done；are
【解析】A。考查主谓一致。当half作主语时，谓语动词的形式由of后的名词单复数决定，class在这里指的是全班学生，是复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式；some作主语时，其后的谓语动词与of后名词一致，work是不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
【板书设计
】
【教后反思】专题复习18主谓一致当堂达标题
I.
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.
Two
thousand
miles
________
(be)
too
far
for
us
to
travel
during
a
short
vacation.
2.
The
old
in
my
country
________
(be)
cared
for
by
their
children
and
grandchildren.
3.
The
Chinese
people
________
(be)
a
great
people.
4.
Not
only
you
but
also
she
________
(read)
this
novel
before.
5.
Li
Fang,
like
many
girls,
________
(like)
dancing.
6.
Every
boy
and
girl
________
(want)
to
go
there.
7.
Three-fourths
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
________
(be)
sea.
8.
All
of
the
work
________
(be)
finished.
9.
Neither
the
teacher
nor
the
students
________
(have)
enough
time.
10.
John,
together
with
his
family,
________
(be)
flying
to
London.
II.
单项选择。
(
)1.
The
summer
holidays
are
coming,
so
the
twins
as
well
as
Jack
to
Hong
Kong
for
vacation.
A.
is
going
B.
are
going
C.
goes
D.
go
(
)2.—Do
you
need
more
time
to
complete
the
task
—Yes.
Another
ten
days
enough.
A.
is
B.
was
C.
are
D.
were
(
)3.
Climbing
hills
good
for
our
health.
A.
are
B.
is
C.
was
D.
were
(
)4.
—Which
would
you
like,
tea
or
coffee
—Either
OK,
but
I
prefer
coffee
milk.
A.
is;
has
B.
are;
with
C.
is;
with
D.
are;
has
(
)5.
Look,
the
set
of
keys
on
the
teacher’s
desk.
A.
are
B.
were
C.
is
D.
was
(
)6.
How
time
flies!
Ten
years
________
passed.
A.
have
B.
has
C.
is
D.
are
(
)7.
Not
only
his
parents
but
also
his
brother
____
to
the
Summer
Palace.
They
haven’t
been
back.
A.
have
been
B.
have
gone
C.
has
been
D.
has
gone
(
)8.
Neither
my
father
________
going
to
see
the
patient.
A.
nor
I
am
B.
nor
I
are
C.
or
me
are
D.
or
me
is
(
)9.
Look!
There
_______
playing
with
the
tourists
on
Yinhe
Square.
A.
are
a
number
of
deer
B.
are
a
number
of
deers
C.
is
a
number
of
deer
D.
is
a
number
of
deers
(
)10.
The
number
of
________
in
our
class
________
fifty.
A.
student,
is
B.
the
students,
are
C.
the
students,
is
D.
students,
are
(
)11.
The
number
of
the
students
in
our
class
_____
54.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
has
D.
have
(
)12.
Not
only
I
but
also
Jane
and
Mary
_____
tired
of
having
one
examination
after
another.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
am
D.
be
(
)13.
A
library
with
five
thousand
books
_______to
the
nation
as
a
gift.
A.
is
offered
B.
has
offered
C.
are
offered
D.
have
offered
(
)14.
When
and
where
to
build
the
new
factory
_________yet.
A.
is
not
decided
B.
are
not
decided
C.
has
not
decided
D.
have
not
decided
(
)15.
The
number
of
people
invited
_______fifty,
but
a
number
of
them
______
absent
for
different
reasons.
A.
were;
was
B.
was;
was
C.
was;
were
D.
were;
were
(
)16.
To
lose
themselves
in
the
net
bar
_________
on
teenagers’
future.
A.
have
a
bad
effect
B.
has
a
bad
effect
C.
have
a
good
effect
D.
has
a
good
effect
(
)17.
Doing
eye
exercises
_________
good
for
our
eyes.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
were
D.
be
(
)18.
Nobody
except
you
_________late
for
the
meeting
yesterday
afternoon.
A.
were
B.
was
C.
is
D.
are
(
)19.
Three
kilometers
_________
a
little
far.
You’d
better
take
a
taxi.
A.
were
B.
will
be
C.
was
D.
is
(
)20.
As
we
all
know,
the
Japanese
_________
Japanese.
A.
speak
B.
speaks
C.
spoke
D.
spoken
参考答案：
I.
1.
is
2.
are
3.
are
4.
has
read
5.
likes
6.
wants
7.
is
8.
is
/
has
been
9.
have
10.
is
II.
1—5
BABCC
6－10
BDAAC
11－15
ABAAC
16—20
BABDA专题复习18主谓一致学案
【学习目标】
1.
掌握主谓一致的原则。
2.
掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。
【重点难点】
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
【知识铺垫】
句子的核心是谓语动词,谓语动词的确定取决于主语。根据句子含义和结构认准主语是掌握主谓一致的必要条件；弄清主谓一致的语言规则和习惯是掌握主谓一致的充分条件,要正确使用主谓一致,两个条件缺一不可。
【课堂探究】
探究1由or,
either...
or...
,
neither...
nor...
,
not
only...but
also...
,
whether...or...等连接并列主语时,常采用就近原则,动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。
【针对练习】
Not
only
Jim
but
also
his
sister
_____a
few
cities
in
the
south
since
they
came
to
China.
A.
will
visit
B.
has
visited
C.
have
visited
D.
visited
探究2
the
number
of
+
复数名词,
主语是the
number(数量),谓语动词用单数;a
number
of
+复数名词,主语是复数名词,a
number
of作定语,
相当于many,谓语动词用复数。
【针对练习】The
number
of
________
in
our
class
________
fifty.
A.
student,
is B.
the
students,
are
C.
the
students,
is D.
students,
are
探究3动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
【针对练习】As
the
saying
________,
“Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.”
A.
go
B.
goes
C.
going
D.
went
探究4
and连接的两个单数名词作主语。
【针对练习】Trees
and
flowers
______every
year
to
make
our
country
more
beautiful.
A.
is
planted
B.
was
planted
C.
are
planted
D.
were
planted
探究5表示时间、距离、金钱、体积或数字等词语作主语且表示总量时,谓语动词用单数。【针对练习】—How
much
______the
shoes
—Five
dollars______
enough.
A.
is；is
B.
are；is
C.
are；are
D.
is；are
探究
6就近原则
【针对练习】1.
—There_____
no
milk
in
the
fridge.
Could
you
get
some
for
me,
Dick
—All
right,
Mum.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
2.
Neither
Jim
nor
his
cousins
______to
America,
but
_____of
them
know
the
country
very
well.
A.
have
been；all
B.
have
been;
both
C.
has
been;
all
D.
has
been;
both
3.
Not
only
Jim
but
also
his
sister
______a
few
cities
in
the
south
since
they
came
to
China.
A.
will
visit
B.
has
visited
C.
have
visited
D.
visited
【达标练习】
1.
How
time
flies!
Ten
years
________
passed.
A.
have
B.
has
C.
is
D.
are
2.
Not
only
his
parents
but
also
his
brother
____
to
the
Summer
Palace.
They
haven’t
been
back.
A.
have
been
B.
have
gone
C.
has
been
D.
has
gone
3.
Neither
my
father
________
going
to
see
the
patient.
A.
nor
I
am
B.
nor
I
are
C.
or
me
are
D.
or
me
is
4.
Look!
There
_______
playing
with
the
tourists
on
Yinhe
Square.
A.
are
a
number
of
deer
B.
are
a
number
of
deers
C.
is
a
number
of
deer
D.
is
a
number
of
deers
5.
The
number
of
________
in
our
class
________
fifty.
A.
student,
is B.
the
students,
are
C.
the
students,
is
D.
students,
are
6.
The
number
of
the
students
in
our
class
_____
54.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
has
D.
have
7.
Not
only
I
but
also
Jane
and
Mary_____
tired
of
having
one
examination
after
another.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
am
D.
be
8.
A
library
with
five
thousand
books
_______to
the
nation
as
a
gift.
A.
is
offered
B.
has
offered
C.
are
offered
D.
have
offered
9.
When
and
where
to
build
the
new
factory
_________yet.
A.
is
not
decided
B.
are
not
decided
C.
has
not
decided
D.
have
not
decided
10.
The
number
of
people
invited
_______fifty,
but
a
number
of
them
______absent
for
different
reasons.
A.
were,
was
B.
was,
was
C.
was,
were
D.
were,
were
11.
Between
the
two
buildings
__________a
monument.
A.
is
standing
B.
standing
C.
stands
D.
stand
12.
Many
a
student
________that
mistake
before.
A.
had
made
B.
has
been
made
C.
have
made
D.
has
made
13.
None
of
the
money
________his.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
belongs
D.
were
14.
About
three—fifths
of
the
work
________done
yesterday.
A.
had
B.
was
C.
were
D.
have
15.
Neither
your
sister
nor
mine
_______the
good
news.
Let’s
tell
them.
A.
know
B
knows
C.
knew
D.
have
known
【学后反思】
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：1－5
BDAAC
6－10
ABAAC
11－15
CDABB
