一．Teaching aims: To learn about how to protect the environment
二．Analysis of the important and difficult points:
This text is made up of two passages.
The 1st paragraph: the first passage
The second paragraph: the second paragraph
Main idea: Some countries are better than others at looking after the environment. In some European countries, people…; while in China,people…
三：Teaching aids: multimedia
Exercises:（高考链接 动词不定式）
1. Please remain _____ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A to seat B to be seated C seating D seated (２００７山东，２６）
1. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _____ at
the end of last March. ( ２００７山东，３
A has been launched B having been launched C being launched D to be launched 3. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit area
last Friday. (2006 山东，３３）
A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
4.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a record US $57.65
a barrel on April 4.
A have reached B reaching C to reach D to be reaching (２００５山东．２７）
5.The crowed cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _____ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A breaking B having broken C to have broken D to break （２００７辽宁，２９）
6.You can't imagine what difficultly we had _____ home in the snowstorm.
A walked B walk C to walk D walking ( 2007辽宁３４）
7. ----- Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
------ Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A filled B filling C to fill D being filled (２００７福建，２６）
8.Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ______
in a short period.
A improved B improving C to improve D improve （２００７福建，２４）
9.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _____ , he gladly accepted it.
A finished B finishing C having finished D was finished (2007安徽，２９）
10.---- Robert is indeed a wise man.
---- Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice.
A to take B taking C not to take D not taking （２００７安徽，３０）
11---- The last one ____ pays the meal. ---- Agreed.
A arrived B arrives C to arrive D arriving (2007海南宁夏全国ＩＩ，２５）
12.I smell something _____ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute
A burning B burnt C being burnt D to be burnt (2007海南宁夏全国Ｉ,29)
13._________, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
A General speaking B Speaking general
C Generally speaking D Speaking generally (2007海南宁夏全国III,17)
14.While watching television, _______. (2007海南宁夏全国III,18)
A the doorbell rang B the doorbell rings
C we heard the doorbell ring D we heard the doorbell rings
15. "You can't catch me!" Janet shouted, _______ away.
A run B running C to run D ran (2007海南宁夏全国III,20)
PAGE
11. 从句
There are laws ______ do not allow people to burn too much coal.
CFC , chemicals _______ are found in refrigerators and aerosol cans, are not allowed.
It collects information about __________industry is damaging the environment and gives this information to newspapers.
2. 动词及短语
Some countries are better than others at looking after the enviroment.
People in countries such as Germany put their garbage into different bags---- paper in one bag, plastic in another bag. Etc.
The garbage is then taken away and if possible, recycled.
In the 1970s, as people learnt more about enviromental problems, the “Green” movement began and soon spread all over Europe.
The “Green”movement tries to get governments to think seriously about the enviroment and how to look after it.Title The Green Movement Date March 25
Pattern: reading comprehension Teacher Tao Xiulan
Teaching Aims To learn about how to protect the environment
Important points To find the topic sentence of each paragraph
Difficult points To learn how to use the Infinitive
Teaching Method Communicative approachDiscussion
Teaching Aids Multi-media
Procedure& ContentsStep 1: GreetingsStep 2: Revision Step 3: New materials presentationLead –in Put forward some questions for the students to think about.How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment2. Are there organizations in China whose aim is to protect the environment 3. What do you know about these organizations Call back the answers after five minutes of discussionGroup activities: ask the students to work in pairs and read the text paragraph by paragraphAsk the Ss to introduce the materials they have readFind the topic sentences of each paragraphAsk some top students to retell the text Discussion: ActivityTalking and discussingAskingAnswering PurposeGet the students to express their own opinionsHave a discussionWork in groups.
Key phrases: Northern European countries 2. Improve the environment 3. put their garbage into different bags 4. Be taken away 5. allow sb to do sth 6. All over Europe 7. Think serious about sth 8. Get sb to do sth 9. cause a fire 10. Sb be made homeless/Step 7 Homework Describe one environment problem and say what we should do about it. Reading
Blackboard designation The Northern European countries 2 improve the environment 3. put their garbage into different bags 4. Be taken away 5. allow sb to do sth 6. All over Europe 7. Think serious about sth 8. Get sb to do sth 9. collect some information 10. Sb be made homeless/Title Module4 Sandstorms in Asia Date March 28
Pattern: Introduction Teacher Yao Guijiao
Teaching Aims To know about the basic situation about sandstorm
Teaching Importance To master the words and phrases about sandstorm
Teaching Difficulties How to describe sandstorms
Teaching Method DiscussionPractice
Teaching Aids Textbook
Procedure& ContentsStep 1: Greetings and RevisionSending a greeting to each otherReview new words and phrasesStep 2: Lead in Have you ever experience any disasters Look at the pictures about the sandstoms.Step 3: brief introduction of sandstormsStep 4: new words learning Task 1 Look at words listed by in the box Task 2 Look at some typical sentences found in other books to find out some key words or features ActivityInteractionDiscussionAsk &AnswerIndividual activity PurposeTo inspire students’interestTo help students know the importance To get the whole understanding of this itemTo summarize the main uses of this item
Step 4: Practice Using the words in the box, fill the blanks.Step 5: finish task 2 Step 6: summery and review Step 6 Homework Do Activity 2 and Activity 3 on page 24 Individual activityTeamwork To check students’ understanding of it To consolidate the knowledge about this item
The design of blackboardSandstorm 沙尘暴Tornado 龙卷风Hurricane 飓风Flood 洪水Lightning 闪电Tsunami 海啸Current 海流Earthquake 地震Volcano 火山课题 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia 年级 高一英语
课型 Grammar 姓名 李慧，李伟莲
知识目标 掌握动词不定式在句中的基本用法以及动词不定式的时态和语态
过程方法 小组讨论并归纳其考点
情感态度 课前预习和归纳动词不定式的用法
重点难点 掌握常用动词不定式作宾语或宾补的常见的动词或句型
教学过程 设计意图
教学过程 导入1. ____ is believing. A. To see B. Seeing C. See D. To be seen 2. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person ____. A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to 3. She didn’t remember_____ him before. A. having met B. have met C. to meet D. to having met 4. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 5. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ________ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 6. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister. A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D. to cry；cry讲授新课动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。完成式：to+ have done；进行式：to+ be doing。具体用法：
1、作主语 To see is to believe. 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people. 2、作宾语 不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问句+带to 的不定式”。 1）及物动词+带to的不定式结构： 只能跟动词不定式的动词，常见的有：want, wish afford, agree, aim, appear, ask, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, , happen, hope, intend, manage, offer, pretend, promise, prepare, refuse, seek, t, undertake等。 He managed to solve the complicated problem The stranger offered to show me the way. Mr. Smith undertook to build a new plant in South Africa. 2）动词+疑问代（副）词+不定式： 常见的动词有：advise, decide, discuss, find out,, know, learn, regard, remember, see, teach, tell, understand,等。常用的疑问代（副）词有what, when, where, which, how, whether等，但不包括why。 He does not know when to start. I will show you how to deal with it. 有时，不定式可由it代替，而把不定式放到后面去。这可以用这一结构表达：动词（如find, think, consider, feel等）+it+形容词+不定式，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 She considers it necessary to make friends with them. We find it difficult to finish all the homework before 9 o'clock. 3）love，like，begin，start，hate，prefer等词后面可以接不定式，上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now.我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 4）stop，forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk. 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 3、作表语 一般情况为主语是不定式（表示条件），表词也是不定式（表示结果）： To work means to earn a living. 另一种情况为主语是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, His aim is to study abroad in the near future. 4、作宾语补足语 1）tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如： I tell him not to go there by bus . Edison's mother taught him to read and write. 2）let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如： The boss makes them work 16 hours a day. She was heard to sing in the next room.( 若变成被动语态，要加上to) 5、不定式作状语 作原因状语： They are quite surprised to see the great changes taking place in the area. 作目的状语： She raised her voice to be heard better. 作结果状语： He got to the station only to be told the train had gone.
3）不定式作定语 He gave me an interesting book to read. 如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词. Have you got some pens to write with？
练习巩固1.______that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. （2008·北京高考） A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen 解析：A。 2.______ the project as planned，we'll have to work two more hours a day. （2008·湖南高考） A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete 3. He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. （2008·辽宁高考） A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped 4. The message is very important, so it is supposed_____ as soon as possible. (2008·陕西高考) A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending
课堂小节系统学习动词不定式的用法
课后作业1. Go on _____ the other exercise after you have finished this one. A. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing 2. This problem is said _____ three times. A. to have been talked B. to have discussed C. having been discussed D. to have been talked about 3. He reached the station ___ only ___ that the train had just left. A. tired； learned B. tiring； learning
C. to tire； to learn D. tired； to learn 3. Tell him _______ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 5. We’re looking forward ____ the photo exhibition. A. to visit B. to visiting C. to having visited D. visiting 6. The building ____ now will be a hospital. A. build B. to be built C. being built D. being building 7. With the work ____, Mr. Lin went out for a swim. A. having B. done C. doing D. being doneADDBAB CB
板书设计
Infinitive: 1 否定式: not to 2 进行式：to be doing 3 完成式：not have done 4 被动式： to be done 5 完成被动式： to have been done
Module4 Sandstorms in Asia –Grammar学案
Infinitive
一、教学目标：
1、掌握动词不定式在句中的基本用法以及动词不定式的时态和语态，
2、掌握常用动词不定式作宾语或宾补的常见的动词或句型；
二、自学导引：
1、课前预习和归纳动词不定式的用法以及动词不定式的时态和语态时态
（结合课本P107）
2、课前完成本学案中学案上的练习并讨论合作探究部分，对其作一归纳。
合作探究：小组讨论并归纳其考点
1. ____ is believing.
A. To see B. Seeing C. See D. To be seen
2. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person ____.
A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to
3. She didn’t remember_____ him before.
A. having met B. have met C. to meet D. to having met
4. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________.
A. where to choose B. which to choose
C. to choose what D. to choose which
5. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ________ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive
C. never driving D. never drive
6. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister.
A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D. to cry；cry
教师点拨：
动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。完成式：to+ have done；进行式：to+ be doing。具体用法：
1、作主语
To see is to believe.
但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如：
It's wrong to play tricks on other people.
2、作宾语
不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问句+带to 的不定式”。
1）及物动词+带to的不定式结构：
只能跟动词不定式的动词，常见的有：want, wish afford, agree, aim, appear, ask, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, , happen, hope, intend, manage, offer, pretend, promise, prepare, refuse, seek, t, undertake等。
He managed to solve the complicated problem
The stranger offered to show me the way.
Mr. Smith undertook to build a new plant in South Africa.
2）动词+疑问代（副）词+不定式：
常见的动词有：advise, decide, discuss, find out,, know, learn, regard, remember, see, teach, tell, understand,等。常用的疑问代（副）词有what, when, where, which, how, whether等，但不包括why。
He does not know when to start.
I will show you how to deal with it.
有时，不定式可由it代替，而把不定式放到后面去。这可以用这一结构表达：动词（如find, think, consider, feel等）+it+形容词+不定式，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
She considers it necessary to make friends with them.
We find it difficult to finish all the homework before 9 o'clock.
3）love，like，begin，start，hate，prefer等词后面可以接不定式，上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。
I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now.我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。
4）stop，forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk.
当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。
3、作表语
一般情况为主语是不定式（表示条件），表词也是不定式（表示结果）：
To work means to earn a living.
另一种情况为主语是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing,
His aim is to study abroad in the near future.
4、作宾语补足语
1）tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如：
I tell him not to go there by bus .
Edison's mother taught him to read and write.
2）let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如：
The boss makes them work 16 hours a day.
She was heard to sing in the next room.( 若变成被动语态，要加上to)
3）不定式作定语
He gave me an interesting book to read.
如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词.
Have you got some pens to write with？
5、不定式作状语
作原因状语：
They are quite surprised to see the great changes taking place in the area.
作目的状语：
She raised her voice to be heard better.
作结果状语：
He got to the station only to be told the train had gone.
典例评析：
1.______that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. （2008·北京高考）
A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen
解析：A。
2.______ the project as planned，we'll have to work two more hours a day. （2008·湖南高考）
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
3. He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. （2008·辽宁高考）
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped
4. The message is very important, so it is supposed_____ as soon as possible. (2008·陕西高考)
A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending
巩固分层练习：
(一）必做题
1. Go on ________ the other exercise after you have finished this one.
A. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing
2. This problem is said _____ three times.
A. to have been talked B. to have discussed
C. having been discussed D. to have been talked about
3. He reached the station _____ only _____ that the train had just left.
A. tired； learned B. tiring； learning
C. to tire； to learn D. tired； to learn
3. Tell him _______ the window.
A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut
4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
5. We’re looking forward ____ the photo exhibition.
A. to visit B. to visiting C. to having visited D. visiting
6. The building ____ now will be a hospital.
A. build B. to be built C. being built D. being building
7. With the work ____, Mr. Lin went out for a swim.
A. having B. done C. doing D. being done
（二）选做题
1.—Did the book give the information you needed （2008·北京高考
—Yes. But_____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to be finding D. finding
2. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good______.（2008·全国卷I）
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
3. He was disappointed to find his suggestion ____ .
A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down
4. ____ that he ill, his work should be done by others.
A. Considered B. To consider C. Considering D. Consider
答案：合作探究：1-5 BCABA 6-10A 典例评析： ADBA
必做题ADDBAB CB 选做题ABBCParagraph 2 ( ) A. Causes of sandstorms
Paragraph 3 ( ) B. Problems caused by sandstorms
Paragraph4 ( ) C. Expert’s advice
Paragraph 5 ( ) D. Measures taken by government
Paragraph 6 ( ) E. Description of sandstorms
Fill in the blanks
Sandstorm in Beijing Waking up to an 1._______ sky and strong winds 2.______ the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust.
The storms sometimes continue all day and 3.______ moves very 4.______
It’s difficult to 5.______ and the dust makes one ill.
Measures 6._________ a sandstorm some weeks before……
Advising people 7._____________________during a sandstorm.
Wearing a 8. ______ while being out.
Solution 9._______trees and 10.__________ grass
Step 3 Match the words with the definitions.
Citizen cycle dust expert forecast process situation survive
1. To ride a bicycle_______
2. Someone who knows a lot about a particular subject_______
3. Things that happen one after another, and have a result______
4. Someone who lives in a particular town or country_______
5. Very small bits of dirt or earth, on the ground _______
6. To continue to live after a difficult situation_______
7. To say what will probably happen_______
8. Everything that is happening at a particular time_______
Step 4 Find these words in the passage. Choose the correct answer
1 sand dunes mean _____________________.
(a) Plants growing in sand (b) sand hills
2 affect means _________________________.
(a) To kill (b) to cause a change
3 You wear a mask over your ____________.
(a)face (b) body
4 strength is the noun of ________________.
(a) Strong (b) stange学案 （Book 3---Module 4---- Reading and vocabulary language points ）
I 重点知识
1 Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China , a mass campaign has been started to help solve it .
1） mass 在本句中 市 形容词，意思是“大规模的 ，大批的 ” 例如
Weapons of mass destruction
相关链接 ：
mass 还表示“团，堆”，是可数名词。例如：
There is a large mass of snow in the yard .
the masses 表示“群众”。例如：
The masses are the real heroes ,while we ourselves are often childish and ignorant .
表示“大量，许多”，相当于a large number of ,既可 修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。例如：I’ve got masses of work to do
高考链接
（2003 上海）The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ____pictures of them .
A many of B masses of C the number of D a large amount of 答案为B
2）campaign 做 可数名词，意思为“战役，运动”有时用来指为社会，商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动 。例如：
We should start a campaign against waste .
相关链接：
war campaign battle fight 这四个词均有“战斗”之意，war 指“战争，大战”；
campaign 常指在某一地区所采取的一系列有固定目的的 军事行动，一次战役可以包括多次“战斗”(battle),fight 指双方的 打仗
2 They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun ,,and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes .
Sometimes 做副词，“有时，时而”相当于from time to time / at times /now and then
相关链接：
sometimes , sometime , some time , some times 的区别
Sometimes 副词，有时，不时地 ；sometime 副词“某个时间”，即可 用于将来时，也可用于过去时，表示一个不确定的 时间；some time 是名词词组，“一段时间”; some times 是名词词组，“几次”
3 “To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience ,”he said .
1） to have been caught in a storm 是动词不定式完成式的 被动语态，不定式短语在句子中做 主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：
To die for the people is a glorious death .
2） be/get caught in 意思为“突然遭遇，卷入”
3） catch sb.doing 看见某人正在做某事
高考链接
（2004 北京春招 32）He looked around and caught a man ____his hand into the passenger’s pocket .
A put B to be putting C to put D putting
4 There was nothing to be done ,It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I’ve been in.
Frightening 形容词，“令人害怕 的”；frightened 也是形容词，“某人本身害怕的 ”例如；
Were you ___when you saw that wild _____animal
A frightening ; frightened B frightened ；frightening
C frightening ; frightening D frightened ; frightened 答案为B
5 You just had to hope you’d survive
Survive “幸存下来”例如；
With great efforts of the peace-loving people all over the world ,Iraq ____the war .
A survived B survived from C survival D survived to 答案 A
6 Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in rent years as a result of “desertification”
Appear 似乎，显得，系动词，后接形容词或动词不定式
高考链接
（2001 上海，29）Do let your mother know all the truth .She appears ___.
A to tell B to be told C to be telling D to have been told 答案为D
7 It’ difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill .
It 是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do
当动词不定式或不定式短语做主语或宾语时，通常用it 做形式主语或宾语，而把不定式放在后面。
高考链接
（2006 湖南，26）As the busiest woman in Norton ,she made ___her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town
A this B that C one D it课题 Sandstorms in Asia 丁 一年7班
知识，技能 Learn something about sandstorms in Asia
过程，方法 See the movie and pictures. Discussion
情感，态度 Protect Our Earth!
重点，难点 from time to time / at times /now and then
教学过程 师生活动 设计意图
Step 1 GreetingsStep 2 Leading inDiscuss what you have seen in the movie.Step 3 Warming upLook at the pictures and learn some new words.Step 4 language pointsThey are often so thick that you cannot see the sun ,,and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes . Sometimes 做副词，“有时，时而”相当于from time to time / at times /now and then相关链接：sometimes , sometime , some time , some times 的区别Sometimes 副词，有时，不时地 ；sometime 副词“某个时间”，即可 用于将来时，也可用于过去时，表示一个不确定的 时间；some time 是名词词组，“一段时间”; 高考链接（2004 北京春招 32）He looked around and caught a man ____his hand into the passenger’s pocket .A put B to be putting C to put D putting4 There was nothing to be done ,It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I’ve been in. See a movie about sandstormsSee some pictures of sandstormsRead the text as fast as you can. Answer the questions.翻译句子 情感体验沙尘暴认识一些与沙尘暴有关的单词理解课文了解沙尘暴成因培养学生翻译能力课题 Sandstorms in Asia 夏磊 一年12班
知识，技能 Learn something about sandstorms in Asia
过程，方法 See the movie and pictures. Discussion
情感，态度 Protect Our Earth!
重点，难点 How to describe a sandstorm
教学过程 师生活动 设计意图
Step 1 GreetingsStep 2 Leading inDiscuss what you have seen in the movie.Step 3 Warming upLook at the pictures and learn some new words.Step 4 Fast readingQuestion: What’s the cause of a sandstorm See a movie about sandstormsSee some pictures of sandstormsRead the text as fast as you can. Answer the questions. 情感体验沙尘暴认识一些与沙尘暴有关的单词理解课文了解沙尘暴成因
教学过程 师生活动 设计意图
Para Main Idea Match the main idea with each paragraphsRead again and fill in the blanksDivide the whole class into three groups. Talk about each topics. 理解全文脉络细节性理解文章培养理解与表达能力
2 Description of sandstorms
3 Causes of sandstorms
4 Problems caused by sandstorms
5 Expert’s advice
6 Measures taken by the government
Step 5 ReadingRead the whole text carefully. Then fill in the blanksAnswer these questions:What’s experts’ advice Step 6 ExpressionTopics: Description of sandstormsCauses of sandstormsProblems caused by sandstormsStep 7 HomeworkSave the Earth1. It was lasted for ten hours and was very frightening. 他持续了十个小时并且非常可怕。
1）Frightening 形容词 吓人的， 令人害怕的
I will never forget that frightening experience.
我永远忘不了那次可怕的经历
2） Frighten 动词 （使） 惊恐
I was frightened by the loud noise.
巨大的噪音把我下了一跳
3）frightened 形容词 感到惊恐的
Frightened children were calling for their mothers.
受惊的孩子们哭喊着找妈妈
2. Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
人们砍伐树木和铲除草地也会导致沙漠化的形成
cut down 砍到 减少（数量） 病死 病倒
The woodcutter cut down the trees.
樵夫将树砍倒
Two thirds of the trees have been cut down
2/3 的树木被砍倒
We must cut down expenses.
我们必须减少花销
He was cut down when he was a young men
他在年轻时候就病死了
3. Sandstorms can not be prevented
沙尘暴不能别阻止
Prevent 阻止预防
In this way we prevented the spread of this disease.
这样我们就费那个值了疾病的蔓延
It is easier to prevent disease than to cure it
预防疾病要比治疗容易些
Prevent … (from) doing. 阻止做…
No one can prevent them from doing such things.
没有人能阻止他们做这样的事
联想： stop…(from) doing
Keep… from doing
Prevent 表示阻止 防止，不让某事发生
Defend 指抵御火击退 外来威胁或攻击
Protect 指采取保护措施， 使之不受伤害或损伤，常用于防御风雨，寒冷，烈日，疾病或保护经济法律权益。
Guard 指小心翼翼的对可能的危险进行防御，以维护安全，含警戒之意。
The dog guards the house against strangers.
He raised his arm to protect his children from hurt.
