2010届高考二轮复习--短文改错复习指导
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| 名称 | 2010届高考二轮复习--短文改错复习指导 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2010-04-21 19:01:00 | ||
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课件28张PPT。短文改错复习指导一 短文改错的话题选择
二 短文改错的设题切入口
三 短文改错的题型设计
四 解题指导与建议1.短文改错的选材通常取自学生的作品，或
类似学生的作品。2009年短文改错题，依然是一
篇学生习作,设计的考点也与往年相同。
2.内容来自学生身边的常见话题。
3. 篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。
4. 语言明白易懂。
5.基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构。
6. 试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，而是检测考生
写作能力中的校验能力。一. 试题的话题选择二. 短文改错的设题切入口近五年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点
多、覆盖面广。一般以四种题型出现：对、
错、多、少。从错误比例上看，一般为多
词1处，少词1处，正确1处，错误6～7处。
设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻
辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合
运用英语的准确性。2009年高考短文改错分析1缺词是指由于漏掉某个词而使句子成份或固定搭配残缺不全。多表现为缺少冠词，连词，介词，物主代词，助动词和不定式符号to,被动语态的be等。The factory at the comer of Friendship Street andZhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and sports center has been built in its place2009全国卷1分析：sports前加a。 sports center是可数名词单数，表示不确定。Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him lot s of good books and fresh fruit. 2009陕西卷
分析：∧they take him- and. 前后文是并列关系，用并列连词and。 It was a lesson to us that it was possible ∧give without expecting anything in return.2009浙江卷分析：考查固定句型。此处用 It is/was possible to do sth.句型 2. 多词
多词现象主要表现为词义重复，冗言。做题时不仅应注意分析句子结构，词义内涵，还应重视语篇整体构成。某些句子，独立分析似无懈可击，但根据行文逻辑进行分析，则错误迭现。The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket.
全国卷1 分析：去掉been。短语give way to“让路”，用主动语态。 I’m sorry thatI wasn’table to return to your bike on time yesterday.2009全国卷2 分析：去掉to ，return归还，是及物动词，这里to多余 I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger was so thoughtful.2009浙江卷 分析：去掉believe后的in，这里不是信任而是相信的意思 3.错词
此类错误涉及面较广，较为常见的是搭配错误和语法
错误。考生平时写作中易范的错误常常是命题的焦点。介词错误B. 名词单复数误用C. 代词误用D. 时态错误E. 非谓语动词错误F. 主谓不一致错误G. 词性误用H. 连词误用I. 冠词误用A. 介词错误1. I’m a newcomer here of a small town. (NMET2004分析： of 改为from。 from “来自于……”2. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. (NMET2004)分析： to改为at。 Laugh at 是固定搭配。After five years away in my hometown, I find that The neighborhood which I used to livie in haschanged a lot. 2009全国卷1分析： in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年，away from属于固定搭配。B. 名词单复数误用 I stayed here for one a nd a half hour .2009全国卷2分析：. hour改为hours One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a trunk came to stop
beside us.2009浙江卷
分析：考查名词数。one of 后受one of影响必须用名词复数形式，应改为friends.C. 代词误This man might need the umbrella himself, but
he preferred to give it to everyone else.2009 浙江卷【解析】 everyone---someone/somebody。
考查不定代词用法。everyone else 错误说法，每个人，就不可能再有别人；"别人"应表示为someone/somebody else。I’m glad to know that you havean interest in Chinese Food. Here I’d like to tell you something about them 2009重庆卷
分析：them----it依语境知。D. 时态错I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return your bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，but was hold up on my way back. 2009全国卷2分析： mean改为meant, hold改为held;文章是描述过去发生的事情。
I’m glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese
food.2009重庆卷
Food. 分析:had---have描述现在的事情E.非谓语动词错So I helped them going tothe nearest hospital. 2009全国卷2分析： going改为go考查非谓语动词的复合结构：help sb( to) do sthMy classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. 2009陕西卷
.【解析】 breaking- broken非谓语动词做定语，与所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词 F. 主谓不一致错误I stayed here for one a half hours and made sure that the girl were al l hope you understand.2009 全国卷2 分析：.were改为was主语是第三人称she A little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food that is rather
Hot2009四川卷
. 分析:differ----.differsThe factory at the comer of Friendship Street and Zhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and a sports center has been built in their place 2009全国卷1分析：their → its。 前文中提到了名词The factory是单数，因此把their改为its。代词应与指代对象一致。 。 G. 词性误用（常发生在动词与名词、名词与形容词，形容词与副词之间）He has a comfortable. room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read.2009 陕西卷
分析； patiently- patient. so I grateful accepted the offer 2009浙江卷分析：gratefull---gratefully考查副词用法。副词修饰动词accept.H.连词误分析：∧they take him- and. 前后文是并列关系，用并列连词and。 Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him Lost of good books and fresh fruit. 2009陕西卷 I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was hold up on my way back. 全国卷2分析： and改为but前后文是转折关系，用转折连词butI. 冠词误E very kind of the Chinese food is worth trying。2009重庆卷分析： 去掉the
【解析】考查冠词用法。由umbrella 的发音可知，元音前应使用冠词an The driver put the window down and offered us a unbrella 2009浙江卷J逻辑失误A little girl was hurt and hermother needed help. So I helped them go tothe nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and a half hours2009全国卷2分析：. here改为there; 短文改错纠错口诀短文改错得分易，正确格式记心里：一看一致二词类，
三多四少五搭配，
六句七语八非谓，
九看逻辑对不对，
校验无误就全对。解题指导要提高短文改错的解题能力，不仅需要平时有计划地
按照语言知识的难易程度、语言使用规律，由浅入深、
由简到繁地进行训练，而且还应掌握一定的解题技巧，
以减少盲目性。一、 通读全文，掌握大意二、整句理解，逐行推敲三、先易后难，各个击破EXERCISES：2009全国卷1After five years away in my hometown, I find that 76. _________
The neighborhood which I used to living in has changed 77.______
a lot. The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop 78 ._______
across the street from our middle school were gone. 79.________
There exist now a park that has a small river running 80._________
through. The factory at the comer of Friendship Street and 81. _______
Zhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and sports 82. ______
center has been built in their place. The market at the corner of 83. ______
Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to 84. _________
a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to our middle 85. __________ school is still there. 【解析】 76. in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年，away from属于固定搭配。 77. living → live。used to 后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事请”。
78. older → old。句中没有比较的意思。 79. were → are。 根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。 80. exist → exists。 主语a park是单数第三人称。 81. 正确 82. sports前加a。 sports center是可数名词单数，表示不确定。 83. their → its。 前文中提到了名词The factory是单数，因此把their改为its。 84. 去掉been。短语give way to“让路”，用主动语态。 85. Besides → But。前后表示转折关系。Hi, Susan.
I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your 76
bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it 77
back to you before four in the afternoon，and I 78
was hold up on my way back. Just before I 79
turned corner of park street. I happened to 80
see an accident. A little girl was hurt and her 81
mother needed help. So I helped them going to 82
the nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and 83
a half hour and made sure that the girl was all 84
hope you understand. 85
Thank you!
Li Ling2009全国卷2答案：76. 去掉to; 77. mean改为meant; 78. and改为but; 79. hold改为held; 80. turned the corner; 81.正确；82. going改为go; 83. here改为there; 84. hour改为hours; 85.were改为wasSee you .
二 短文改错的设题切入口
三 短文改错的题型设计
四 解题指导与建议1.短文改错的选材通常取自学生的作品，或
类似学生的作品。2009年短文改错题，依然是一
篇学生习作,设计的考点也与往年相同。
2.内容来自学生身边的常见话题。
3. 篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。
4. 语言明白易懂。
5.基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构。
6. 试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，而是检测考生
写作能力中的校验能力。一. 试题的话题选择二. 短文改错的设题切入口近五年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点
多、覆盖面广。一般以四种题型出现：对、
错、多、少。从错误比例上看，一般为多
词1处，少词1处，正确1处，错误6～7处。
设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻
辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合
运用英语的准确性。2009年高考短文改错分析1缺词是指由于漏掉某个词而使句子成份或固定搭配残缺不全。多表现为缺少冠词，连词，介词，物主代词，助动词和不定式符号to,被动语态的be等。The factory at the comer of Friendship Street andZhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and sports center has been built in its place2009全国卷1分析：sports前加a。 sports center是可数名词单数，表示不确定。Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him lot s of good books and fresh fruit. 2009陕西卷
分析：∧they take him- and. 前后文是并列关系，用并列连词and。 It was a lesson to us that it was possible ∧give without expecting anything in return.2009浙江卷分析：考查固定句型。此处用 It is/was possible to do sth.句型 2. 多词
多词现象主要表现为词义重复，冗言。做题时不仅应注意分析句子结构，词义内涵，还应重视语篇整体构成。某些句子，独立分析似无懈可击，但根据行文逻辑进行分析，则错误迭现。The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket.
全国卷1 分析：去掉been。短语give way to“让路”，用主动语态。 I’m sorry thatI wasn’table to return to your bike on time yesterday.2009全国卷2 分析：去掉to ，return归还，是及物动词，这里to多余 I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger was so thoughtful.2009浙江卷 分析：去掉believe后的in，这里不是信任而是相信的意思 3.错词
此类错误涉及面较广，较为常见的是搭配错误和语法
错误。考生平时写作中易范的错误常常是命题的焦点。介词错误B. 名词单复数误用C. 代词误用D. 时态错误E. 非谓语动词错误F. 主谓不一致错误G. 词性误用H. 连词误用I. 冠词误用A. 介词错误1. I’m a newcomer here of a small town. (NMET2004分析： of 改为from。 from “来自于……”2. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. (NMET2004)分析： to改为at。 Laugh at 是固定搭配。After five years away in my hometown, I find that The neighborhood which I used to livie in haschanged a lot. 2009全国卷1分析： in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年，away from属于固定搭配。B. 名词单复数误用 I stayed here for one a nd a half hour .2009全国卷2分析：. hour改为hours One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a trunk came to stop
beside us.2009浙江卷
分析：考查名词数。one of 后受one of影响必须用名词复数形式，应改为friends.C. 代词误This man might need the umbrella himself, but
he preferred to give it to everyone else.2009 浙江卷【解析】 everyone---someone/somebody。
考查不定代词用法。everyone else 错误说法，每个人，就不可能再有别人；"别人"应表示为someone/somebody else。I’m glad to know that you havean interest in Chinese Food. Here I’d like to tell you something about them 2009重庆卷
分析：them----it依语境知。D. 时态错I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return your bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，but was hold up on my way back. 2009全国卷2分析： mean改为meant, hold改为held;文章是描述过去发生的事情。
I’m glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese
food.2009重庆卷
Food. 分析:had---have描述现在的事情E.非谓语动词错So I helped them going tothe nearest hospital. 2009全国卷2分析： going改为go考查非谓语动词的复合结构：help sb( to) do sthMy classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. 2009陕西卷
.【解析】 breaking- broken非谓语动词做定语，与所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词 F. 主谓不一致错误I stayed here for one a half hours and made sure that the girl were al l hope you understand.2009 全国卷2 分析：.were改为was主语是第三人称she A little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food that is rather
Hot2009四川卷
. 分析:differ----.differsThe factory at the comer of Friendship Street and Zhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and a sports center has been built in their place 2009全国卷1分析：their → its。 前文中提到了名词The factory是单数，因此把their改为its。代词应与指代对象一致。 。 G. 词性误用（常发生在动词与名词、名词与形容词，形容词与副词之间）He has a comfortable. room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read.2009 陕西卷
分析； patiently- patient. so I grateful accepted the offer 2009浙江卷分析：gratefull---gratefully考查副词用法。副词修饰动词accept.H.连词误分析：∧they take him- and. 前后文是并列关系，用并列连词and。 Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him Lost of good books and fresh fruit. 2009陕西卷 I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was hold up on my way back. 全国卷2分析： and改为but前后文是转折关系，用转折连词butI. 冠词误E very kind of the Chinese food is worth trying。2009重庆卷分析： 去掉the
【解析】考查冠词用法。由umbrella 的发音可知，元音前应使用冠词an The driver put the window down and offered us a unbrella 2009浙江卷J逻辑失误A little girl was hurt and hermother needed help. So I helped them go tothe nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and a half hours2009全国卷2分析：. here改为there; 短文改错纠错口诀短文改错得分易，正确格式记心里：一看一致二词类，
三多四少五搭配，
六句七语八非谓，
九看逻辑对不对，
校验无误就全对。解题指导要提高短文改错的解题能力，不仅需要平时有计划地
按照语言知识的难易程度、语言使用规律，由浅入深、
由简到繁地进行训练，而且还应掌握一定的解题技巧，
以减少盲目性。一、 通读全文，掌握大意二、整句理解，逐行推敲三、先易后难，各个击破EXERCISES：2009全国卷1After five years away in my hometown, I find that 76. _________
The neighborhood which I used to living in has changed 77.______
a lot. The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop 78 ._______
across the street from our middle school were gone. 79.________
There exist now a park that has a small river running 80._________
through. The factory at the comer of Friendship Street and 81. _______
Zhongshan Road has been moved out of the city, and sports 82. ______
center has been built in their place. The market at the corner of 83. ______
Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to 84. _________
a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to our middle 85. __________ school is still there. 【解析】 76. in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年，away from属于固定搭配。 77. living → live。used to 后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事请”。
78. older → old。句中没有比较的意思。 79. were → are。 根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。 80. exist → exists。 主语a park是单数第三人称。 81. 正确 82. sports前加a。 sports center是可数名词单数，表示不确定。 83. their → its。 前文中提到了名词The factory是单数，因此把their改为its。 84. 去掉been。短语give way to“让路”，用主动语态。 85. Besides → But。前后表示转折关系。Hi, Susan.
I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your 76
bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it 77
back to you before four in the afternoon，and I 78
was hold up on my way back. Just before I 79
turned corner of park street. I happened to 80
see an accident. A little girl was hurt and her 81
mother needed help. So I helped them going to 82
the nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and 83
a half hour and made sure that the girl was all 84
hope you understand. 85
Thank you!
Li Ling2009全国卷2答案：76. 去掉to; 77. mean改为meant; 78. and改为but; 79. hold改为held; 80. turned the corner; 81.正确；82. going改为go; 83. here改为there; 84. hour改为hours; 85.were改为wasSee you .