话 题： 广告与购物(Advertisements
and
shopping)
1.satisfactory
adj.
令人满意的
2.deliver
vt.
递送
3.credit
n.
信用
4.advertisement
n.
广告
5.purchase/buy
vt.
购买
6.consume
v.
消费
7.exchange
v.
交换
8.customer
n.
顾客，消费者
9.change
n.
零钱
10.expensive/dear
adj.
昂贵的
11.valuable
adj.
贵重的
12.reasonable
adj.
合理的
13.at
a
high/low
price
价格贵/便宜
14.as
for
至于，对于
15.instead
of
而不是
16.shopping
online
网上购物
17.on
sale
上市；出售
18.pick
out
挑选出
19.spend...on...
在……花费……
20.take
in
欺骗
1.But
unfortunately
when
the
dictionary
reached
me,
I
found
it
very
unsatisfactory.
但是，不幸的是，我拿到词典时，发现非常令人不满意。
2.There
are
a
variety
of
goods
of
high
quality
in
this
shop,
which
attracts
a
lot
of
customers.
这个店里有各种各样高质量的物品，吸引了很多顾客。
3.We
will
have
the
new
computer
delivered
to
your
house
as
soon
as
possible. 我们会尽快让人把这台新电脑送到你的家里。
(2017·四川双流中学高三模拟)假设你是中学生李华，你买了一本英文词典，收到后发现一些质量问题，请给书店经理用英语写一封电子邮件，说明情况和自己的要求。
要点如下：
1．购买的细节；
2．发现的问题；
3．阐述你的要求(退款或换货)。
Dear
Manager，
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
something
that
happened
to
me.
Last
week
I
bought
an
English
dictionary
from
your
online
bookstore
because
I
am
in
great
need
of
such
a
dictionary
to
help
me
with
my
English
study.
It
costs
me
25
dollars.
But
unfortunately
when
it
reached
me,
I
found
it
very
unsatisfactory.
There
are
quite
a
few
misprints
and
some
of
the
pages
are
even
missing!
I’d
like
my
money
back
or
at
least
you
can
change
this
dictionary
for
another
copy!
Personally
you
should
have
checked
the
dictionary
to
make
sure
that
the
dictionary
is
of
high
quality
before
delivering
to
customers.
I
hope
your
service
can
improve
from
now
on.
I’m
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
1．native
adj.
出生地的，本土的
2．billion
n.
十亿
3．wallet
n.
皮夹子，钱包
4．enjoyable
adj.
使人快乐的
5．hardworking
adj.
勤奋的
6．dormitory
n.
寝室，宿舍
7．businessman
n.
商人，实业家
8．drunk
adj.
(酒)醉的
9．journalist
n.
新闻工作者，记者
10．greedy
adj.
贪婪的，贪心的
11．rude
adj.
粗鲁的，无礼的
12．cash
n.
现金，现款
13．necklace
n.
项链，项圈
14．firm
adj.
坚定的；稳固的
15．textbook
n.
课本，教科书
1．technique
n.
技术，技巧
2．percentage
n.
百分比，百分率
3．bow
vi.
鞠躬；点头
4．defeat
vt.
战胜，击败
5．earn
vt.
挣得，赚得
6．aware
adj.
知道的，意识到的
7．bargain
n.
&
vi.
讨价还价；
便宜货
8．aggressive
adj.
好斗的；有进取心的
9．comment
vi.
&
vt.
评论
10．appeal
vi.
吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求
11．contain
vt.
包含，含有
12．remove
vt.
移开，挪走
13．signal
n.
信号，暗号
14．automatic
adj.
自动的
15．replace
vt.
代替，取代
1．motivate
vt.
使有动机，促使，激发→motivation
n.
动力，诱因
2．achievement
n.
成就，完成→achieve
vt.
完成；实现
3．exist
vi.
存在，生存→existence
n.
存在，生存
4．determine
vt.
确定，决定→determination
n.
决心，决定→determined
adj.
已决定的；坚决的，有决心的
5．concern
vt.
使忧虑；与……相关→concerned
adj.
担心的；涉及的→concerning
prep.
关于
6．pleased
adj.
高兴的，满意的→please
vt.
使满意，使高兴→pleasing
adj.
令人高兴的，令人满意的→pleasure
n.
令人高兴的事
7．enthusiastic
adj.
很感兴趣的，热情的→enthusiasm
n.
热情
8．ashamed
adj.
羞耻的，惭愧的→shame
n.
羞愧，羞耻心
vt.
使感到羞愧→shameful
adj.
可耻的，丢脸的
9．annoy
vt.
使烦恼，打搅→annoyed
adj.
烦恼的→annoying
adj.
令人烦恼的→annoyance
n.
烦恼
10．amusement
n.
乐趣，娱乐活动→amuse
vt.
以……自娱，逗……乐→amused
adj.
觉得好笑的→amusing
adj.
有趣的，好笑的
11．balance
n.
平衡→balanced
adj.
平衡的
12．puzzle
vt.
使困惑→puzzled
adj.
困惑的→puzzling
adj.
令人困惑的
13．behave
vi.
举止，表现→behaviour
n.
举止，表现
14．advance
vi.
前进；取得进展→advanced
adj.
高级的，先进的
1．What
was
happening
in
that
country
concerned
us.
Most
of
us
were
concerned
about
the
players’
safety.
We
always
watched
the
programmes
concerning
them.
(concern)
2．The
purpose
of
the
training
is
to
determine
who
will
attend
the
ceremony.My
son
is
a
determined
boy
and
his
determination
to
do
it
well
is
making
him
keep
on
training
hard.(determine)
3．It
annoyed
him
that
his
wife
had
spent
too
much
money
on
her
clothes.
For
most
men,
it
was
really
an
annoying
thing,
so
it
was
natural
they
were
annoyed．(annoy)
4．What
puzzled
us
was
his
puzzling
explanation
at
the
meeting.One
of
my
workmates
was
so
disappointed
that
he
left
the
hall
with
a
puzzled
expression.(puzzle)
5．It
amused
me
that
the
old
man
was
dressed
in
a
red
coat
that
day.The
old
man
was
so
humorous
that
he
often
kept
us
amused．To
our
amusement，his
wife
was
also
wearing
a
strange
hat
that
day.(amuse)
1．put_off
推迟
2．at_present
目前，现在
3．out_of_work
失业
4．give_away
赠送；泄露(秘密)
5．drop_out
退出，退学
6．make/earn_a_living
谋生
7．be_determined_to_do_sth.
决心做某事
8．dream_up
凭空想出，虚构出
9．take_turns
轮流
10．be_concerned_about
对……关心，挂念
11．turn_one’s_back_on
不理睬；拒绝
12．be_tired_of...
厌倦了……
13．appeal_to...
吸引……；呼吁……
14．to_be_exact
确切地说
15．what’s_more
而且，此外
16．be_associated_with
将……与……联系起来
Nowadays
there
are
many
people
who
are
1.out_of_work
in
the
world.One
reason
is
that
some
people
2.were_tired_of
school
life
when
they
were
young.As
a
result，they
3.dropped_out．It
is
difficult
for
a
person
without
much
knowledge
to
4.make/earn_a_living．In
most
cases，the
boss
5.turns_his_back_on
those
who
have
received
little
education.
1．the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……越……
The
more
you
use
English，the
more
you
will
want
to
learn
it.
【仿写】 我们读的书越多，我们就越有学问。The_more
books
we
read，the_more
learned
we
become.
2．that引导同位语从句
There
are
certainly
no
signs
that
Charles
was
a
rich
man!
【仿写】 运动员孙杨在2016年里约奥运会夺得冠军的消息使我们很兴奋。
The
news
that_the_player_Sun_Yang_won_the_champion_in_Rio_in_2016
made
us
very
excited.
3．if
so“如果这样的话”，是省略句
If
so，it
is
time
for
you
to
think
again.
【仿写】 如果可能的话，这个周末我会和你去看电影。
If_possible，I’ll
go
to
see
a
film
with
you
this
weekend.
4．How
come？用以询问原因或表示怀疑、惊讶等语气
How
come
【仿写】 那天早上他很早就出发了，他怎么会开会迟到呢？
How_come
he
was
late
when
he
set
off
so
early
that
morning
5．主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式结构
They
are
very
practical
and
easy
to
wash.
【仿写】 在许多人看来，和那个公司打交道很愉快。
In
many
people’s
opinion，that_company_is_pleasant_to_deal_with．
不定代词与不定式
单句语法填空
1．Talking
about
buying
cars，I
prefer
a
car
less
than
100，000
yuan
to
one
over
the
amount.
2．If
you
have
any
question，please
call
us
and
we
are
at
your
service
at
any
time.
3．To_save(save)
power，turn
off
the
hot
water
after
you
take
a
shower.
4．I
don’t
know
what
to_expect(expect)
when
I
go
abroad
for
further
education.
5．The
officer
ordered
all
the
soldiers
to_leave(leave)
the
broken
building
at
once.
exist
vi.存在；生存；维持生活
(2016·北京高考)As
a
result,
humans
developed
a
range
of
character
types
that
still
exists
today. 结果，人类形成了多种性格类型，这些性格类型现今仍然存在。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)exist
in..
存在于……之中
exist
on...
靠……为生
There
exists...
某地有……；存在……
(2)existence
n.
存在；实有
come
into
existence
产生；开始存在
in
existence
存在
(3)existing
adj.
现存的；现有的
You
can’t
imagine
what
difficulty
they
have
existing
on
the
money
he
is
earning.
你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。
There
is
a
good
way
to
solve
the
existing
problem
in
geography.
有一个解决现存地理问题的好方法。
exist是不及物动词，
没有被动语态，
也不用于进行时态。
——单句语法填空
(1)Scientists
have
many
theories
about
how
the
universe
first
came
into
existence(exist)．
(2)(2016·上海高考)What
is
the
existing(exist)
problem
with
standing
on
the
right
and
walking
on
the
left
(3)Even
though
he
is
a
little
boy,
strange
ideas
always
exist
in
his
mind.
——高考小作文
(4)(北京高考书面表达)在我们学校自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。
The
parking
place
for
bikes
was_an_existing_problem_for_a_long_time
in
our
school.
defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫
n．失败
(2016·全国卷丙完形填空)Damaged
but
not
defeated,
he
was
still
ahead
of
me. 身残志坚，他仍旧领先于我。
defeat/beat
defeat和beat是同义词，其宾语为“人”或“一个团体”，常可互换。defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人。beat常用于游戏或比赛中，还可表示“敲打；(心脏、脉搏)跳动等”
win
win后接sth.，表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多为game，war，prize等词，不能是人；win也可用作不及物动词，表示“赢，获胜”
——选词填空(defeat/beat/win)
(1)No
difficulty
could
defeat/beat
this
brave
man
since
he
is
so
confident
and
capable.
(2)He
was
so
nervous
that
he
could
feel
his
heart
beating
faster.
(3)Who
do
you
think
will
win
the
beauty
contest
determine
vt.&vi.决定；确定；(使)下定决心
(2015·福建高考)He
was
determined
that
none
of
his
children
would
be
denied
an
education.
他下定决心要让他的每个孩子都接受教育。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)determine
on/upon
决定
determine
to
do
sth.
决定做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined
adj.
坚决的，有决心的
be
determined
to
do
sth.
决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination
n.
决心
Lucy
is
determined
that
things
will
be
different
this
year.
露西下定决心要使今年的情况变个样。
The
teacher’s
encouraging
words
determined
him
to
study
harder.
老师令人鼓舞的话使他下定决心要更加努力学习。
be
determined
to
do
sth.表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，而determine
to
do
sth.表示动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
He
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.
(×)
He
was
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.
(√)
——单句语法填空
(1)The
determined(determine)
look
on
his
face
showed
that
he
had
enough
confidence
in
himself.
(2)Lily
is
a
determined
girl,
once
she
has
made
up
her
mind,
she
will
make
her
dream
come
true
with
great
determination.
(determine)
(3)I
left
the
place,
determined(determine)
never
to
come
back
again.
(4)Li
Hua
is
a
young
man
with
great
determination.
He
determined
to
go
to
Tibet
after
graduation.
Determined
never
to
come
back
before
he
could
make
a
big
fortune,
he
left
home
without
saying
a
word.
(determine)
——高考小作文
(5)(2015·重庆高考书面表达)作为一名高中生，
最重要的任务是学习，
这决定着我们的未来。
As
a
student
in
senior
high
school,
the
most
important
task
is
to
study
hard,
which_determines_our_future．
concern
n．担心；关注；(利害)关系；
关心的人或事
vt.涉及，关系到，参与；(使)担忧，使操心
(广东高考)She
showed
special
concern
for
the
college
students
and
attached
much
importance
to
education.
她特别关心大学生并且重视教育。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)show/express
concern
about/for
对……表示关心
(2)concern
oneself
about
对某人表示关心/担心
(3)concerned
adj.
担心的；关注的；相关的
be
concerned
about/for
担心……；关心……
be
concerned
with
与……有关；涉及
as
far
as...
be
concerned
就……而言；依……之见
(4)concerning
prep.
有关；关于
It
is
love
and
concern
that
have
brought
about
the
great
change. 是爱和关心带来了巨大的变化。
(2016·全国卷甲)Others
are
concerned
about
using
gardening
methods
that
require
less
water
and
fewer
fertilizers.
还有些人关注使用需要更少的水和肥料的园艺方法。
——单句语法填空
(1)All
the
people
concerned(concern)
with
the
case
will
be
questioned
by
the
police.(2)The
professor
will
deliver
a
lecture
concerning(concern)
environmental
protection.
(3)The
meeting
was
concerned
with
reforms
and
everyone
present
was
concerned
for/about
their
own
interests.
——一句多译
(重庆高考书面表达)就我个人而言，
花太多的时间玩智能手机是不明智的。
(4)As_far_as_I’m_concerned,_it’s
not
wise
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smart
phones.
(5)In_my_opinion,_it’s
not
wise
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smart
phones.
(6)In_my_view,_it’s
not
wise
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smart
phones.
(7)From_my_point_of_view,_it’s
not
wise
to
spend
much
time
playing
with
smart
phones.
ashamed
adj.羞耻的，惭愧的
(教材P10)She
is
not
ashamed
to
say
she
has
not
got
much
money.
她并没有因为没有多少钱而感到不好意思。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)be/feel
ashamed
of...
因……感到惭愧
be
ashamed
to
do
sth.
耻于做某事
feel/be
ashamed
for
sb.
替某人感到羞愧
(2)shame
n．
羞耻，羞愧
……真让人遗憾
(3)shameful
adj.
可耻的
(2016·浙江高考)I
read
those
two
lines
over
and
over.
I
was
ashamed
of
myself.
我一遍又一遍地读那两行文字，为自己感到羞愧。
It
is
a
shame
that
the
woman
was
so
rude
to
her
husband
in
public. 这个女人当众对丈夫那么粗鲁，真让人羞愧。
——单句语法填空
(1)The
boy
was
ashamed
to_tell(tell)
his
family
what
had
happened.
(2)Didn’t
you
feel
ashamed
for
yourself
when
you
did
the
shameful
thing
(shame)
(3)I
must
admit
being
ashamed
of
what
has
happened.
——一句多译
他为儿子在晚会上的行为感到羞愧，所以早早离开了。
(4)He
was_ashamed_of_his_son’s_behavior
at
the
party,
so
he
left
early.(ashamed)
(5)Ashamed_of_his_son’s_behavior
at
the
party,
he
left
early.(用过去分词作状语)
comment
n．评论；议论；批评；指责 v．评论；批评
(北京高考)Jerry
did
not
regret
giving
the
comment
but
felt
that
he
could
have
expressed
it
differently.
杰里不后悔给出评论，
但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)comment
that...
评论……
comment
on/upon
评论；批评
(2)make
(a)
comment
on/upon
sth.
评论某事
No
comment!
无可奉告！
Researchers
who
read
the
report
commented
that
it
had
many
errors.
读了这份报告的研究人员说里面错误百出。
—Will
you
resign
from
your
office，sir
——先生，你会辞职吗？
—No
comment!
——无可奉告！
I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
can
make
helpful
comments
on
my
work.
如果你能对我的工作给予建议性的评判的话，我会不胜感激的。
——一句多译
有些同学总是喜欢评论我同桌的容貌。
(1)Some
students
are
always
fond
of
commenting_on/upon
my
deskmate’s
look.(comment
v．)
(2)Some
students
are
always
fond
of
making_a_comment_on/upon
my
deskmate’s
look.(comment
n．)
appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将……上诉
n．呼吁，恳求
(2015·浙江高考单项填空)We
tend
to
have
a
better
memory
for
things
that
excite
our
senses
or
appeal
to
our
emotions
than
for
straight
facts.
相对于直白的事实，
我们对于激发自己感觉或唤起自己情感的事物，
记忆往往更加深刻。
——写出下列句中appeal的含义(1)The
police
are
appealing
to
the
public
for
information
about
the
crime.呼吁
(2)Does
the
idea
of
working
abroad
appeal
to
you？吸引
(3)If
you
are
not
satisfied，you
can
appeal
against
the
judgement.上诉
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)appeal
to
(对某人)有吸引力；
(使某人)感兴趣
appeal
to
sb.for
sth./to
do
sth.
向某人呼吁/恳求某事/
做某事
appeal
for
sth.
呼吁某事
(2)make
an
appeal
to
sb.for
sth.
恳求/呼吁某人某事
(3)appealing
adj.
有吸引力的
The
magazine
is
intended
to
appeal
to
working
women
in
their
30s.
这本杂志主要是为了吸引三十几岁的职业女性。
She
appealed
to
her
former
husband
to
return
their
baby
son. 她恳求前夫把他们的儿子还回来。
——单句语法填空
(1)We’ve
tried
to
make
the
design
more
appealing(appeal)
to
young
people.
(2)As
the
situation
grew
worse，the
leader
appealed
for
unity.
(3)The
government
appealed
to
the
International
Red
Cross
to_help(help)
the
people
suffering
from
the
floods.
(4)What’s
more，it
is
another
effective
way
to
appeal
to
the
news
media.
——一句多译
作者向我们呼吁要对动物更加友好。
(appeal)
(5)The
author
appeals_to_us_to
be
more
kind
to
animals.(appeal
v．)
(6)The
author
makes_an_appeal_to_us_to
be
more
kind
to
animals.(appeal
n．)
balance
n．天平；平衡；结余，余额
vt.&
vi.平衡；权衡
(教材P12)The
soil
contains
materials
to
keep
the
natural
balance
of
the
area.
那些土壤含有能够保持那个地区自然平衡的物质。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)keep
one’s
balance
保持平衡
lose
one’s
balance
失去平衡
a
sense
of
balance
平衡感
on
balance
总的来说
(2)balance
A
with/against
B
权衡A
与B
(3)balanced
adj.
保持(或显示)平衡的
keep
a
balanced
diet
保持饮食平衡
She
was
holding
on
to
the
tree
to
keep
her
balance
when
I
passed
by.
我路过时，她正紧紧抓着这棵树来保持平衡。
There
is
a
need
to
balance
the
demands
of
the
workplace
with/against
those
of
the
family.
有必要平衡工作场所和家庭生活两者的需求。
(2016·江苏高考)Rich
countries
gain
more
from
powerful
Niňos,
on
balance,
than
they
lose.
总之，富裕国家从强大的厄尔尼诺现象中得利的要比失去的多。
I’d
like
to
check
the
balance
in
my
account
please.(n.差额，
余款)
——单句语法填空
(1)You’d
better
keep
a
balanced(balance)
diet
for
the
benefit
of
your
health.
(2)You
should
balance
the
advantages
against/with
the
disadvantages
before
you
give
up
your
present
job.
(3)The
boy
has
a
lot
of
disadvantages,
but
on
balance
I
think
he
is
still
a
good
boy.
——单句写作
(4)你太努力工作了，
你最好工作和放松保持平衡。
You
are
working
too
hard.
You’d
better
keep_a_balance_between_work_and_relaxation．
remove vt.去掉；开除；脱掉；摘掉vi.搬开；移动；搬家
(2016·全国卷丙语法填空)People
probably
cooked
their
food
in
large
pots，using
twigs
to
remove
it.
或许人们用大锅煮饭，用树枝搅动食物。
——写出下列句中remove的含义
(1)Tired
after
a
day’s
work，the
girl
removed
the
bag
from
her
shoulder.摘掉
(2)The
top
official
was
removed
from
office
last
week.开除
(3)Our
office
has
removed
from
Boston
to
New
York
already.搬家
eq
\a\vs4\al()
remove...from...
把……从……移开
remove
from...to...
从……搬到……
remove
sb.from
school
开除；勒令某人退学
remove
one’s
doubt/trouble
消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
——单句改错
(1)The
man
is
trying
to
find
a
way
remove
his
wife’s
doubt.
remove前加to
(2)This
kind
of
liquid
was
applied
to
my
trousers,
removed
the
dirty
spots.
removed→_removing
(3)Because
of
the
serious
air
pollution,
the
family
decided
to
remove
from
the
city
in
the
countryside.
in→to
——高考小作文
(4)(江苏高考书面表达)意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定累了，小女孩帮助妈妈把包从肩上拿下来。
Realizing
her
mom
must
be
very
tired
after
a
day’s
work,
the
little
girl
helps
to
remove_the_bag_from_her_shoulder．
behave
vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
(经典例句)It
was
because
he
behaved
so
badly
that
he
was
punished
by
his
teacher.
是因为他表现太差才受到了老师的惩罚。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)behave
well
表现得当
behave
oneself
守规矩；表现得体
(2)well behaved
adj.
表现好的badly behaved
adj.
表现差的
(3)behavio(u)r
n.
举止；行为
We
should
behave
well
and
mind
our
words
on
a
big
occasion
like
this.
在像这样一个隆重的场合，我们应该要表现得当并注意用词。
I
want
you
to
behave
yourself
while
I
am
away.
我希望我不在家时你要守规矩些。
——单句语法填空
(1)They
behaved
badly
to/towards
the
guests,
which
made
us
very
disappointed.
(2)I
think
all
of
us
should
mind
our
behavio(u)r(behave)
in
public
places.
(3)(2016·江苏高考)Another
is
that
the
helping
behaviors(behave)
are
not
improved
if
the
children
are
rewarded.
——高考小作文
(4)(2015·广东高考写作)最后，
她不但赢得了他们的尊敬而且帮助他们成长，并让他们表现好，自信，考虑周全。
Finally
she
not
only
earned
their
respect
but
also
helped
them
grow
to
be_well－behaved,_confident_and_considerate．
advance vt.&vi.促进；前进；提前
n．前进；高升；预先
adj.预先的；事先的
(2016·天津高考阅读理解)We
require
the
student’s
full
flight
details
at
least
4
weeks
in
advance.
我们需要至少提前四周得到学生的航班详细信息。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)make
an
advance
in
在某方面有进步
in
advance(＝ahead
of
time)
提前
in
advance
of
在……前面；超过
(2)advanced
adj.
先进的；高级的
There
are
only
ten
of
us
studying
the
advanced
courses
by
ourselves
in
our
class.
我们班里只有我们十个人自学高级课程。
This
research
has
done
much
to
advance
our
understanding
of
language
learning.
这项研究大大提高了我们对语言学习的认识。
——单句语法填空
(1)To
make
sure
that
he
was
at
home,
I
called
him
up
in
advance.
(2)(湖南高考)In
the
near
future,
more
advances(advance)
in
the
robot
technology
will
be
made
by
scientists.
(3)Much
to
our
regret,
we
lacked
advanced(advance)
equipment,
as
a
result,
the
crop
output
was
greatly
reduced.
——单句写作
(4)领着您参观完我们学校后，
我们将向您介绍我校最先进的科技实验室。
Having
shown
you
around
our
school,
we
will
introduce_our_most_advanced_science_lab_to_you．
signal
vi.&vt.发信号 n．信号
(2015·浙江高考单项填空)Body
language
can
give
away
a
lot
about
your
mood，so
standing
with
your
arms
folded
can
send
out
a
signal
that
you
are
being
defensive.
身势语能够泄露很多你的情绪，因此双臂交叠站着能发出你正在防卫的信号。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
signal
(to)
sb.to
do
sth. 示意某人做某事
signal
(sb.)
that...
示意……
We
waited
for
them
to
give
us
the
signal
to
move.
我们等着他们给我们发出前进的信号。
The
police
signalled
the
driver
to
stop
his
car
by
raising
his
hand.
警察举手示意司机停车。
——单句语法填空
(1)(2015·湖北高考多项选择)In
order
not
to
be
heard，she
pointed
her
finger
upwards
to
signal(signal)
that
someone
was
moving
about
upstairs.
(2)Drivers
who
give
signals(signal)
before
turning
or
stopping
help
prevent
accidents.
(3)The
police
signaled
the
driver
to_stop(stop)
his
car
by
raising
his
hand.
(4)A
man
stood
up
and
crossed
his
arms
over
his
head，signaling(signal)
that
he
was
strongly
opposed.
——句式升级
(5)He
stood
up
and
signaled
to
the
police
officer
that
he
had
finished
talking
with
his
client.
He_stood_up,_signaling__to_the_police_officer_that_he_had_finished_talking_with_his_client.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
replace
vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
(2016·全国卷乙)A
code
uses
symbols
to
replace
words,
phrases,
or
sentences.
密码用符号来代替单词、短语或句子。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)replace＝take
the
place
of
sb./sth.
＝take
one’s
place
取代某人/某物
replace
sth.with/by
sth.
用……替换……
(2)in
place
of＝in
one’s
place
代替
Can
anything
replace
a
mother’s
love
and
care
有什么东西能取代母亲的爱和关怀吗？
My
daughter
replaced
the
old
vase
carefully
on
the
shelf.
我女儿小心翼翼地把这个古董花瓶放回到架子上。
——单句语法填空
(1)It
is
not
a
good
idea
to
miss
meals
and
replace
them
with
snacks.
(2)It
would
be
difficult
to
find
a
man
to
take
the
place
of
the
present
manager.
——一句多译
找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。
(3)It
would
be
difficult
to
find
a
man
in_place_of_the_present_manager．
(4)It
would
be
difficult
to
find
a
man
to
replace_the_present_manager．
(5)It
would
be
difficult
to
find
a
man
to
take_the_place_of_the_present_manager．
put
off 推迟，延期；拖延；(停车)让某人下车；
取消(会晤或安排)；摆脱；脱掉(衣帽)
(教材P4)Remember
that
learning
English
requires
action.Don’t
put
it
off.
记住，学习英语需要实际行动，不要拖延。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
put
aside
节省；储蓄；忽视，置之不理
put
away
收起来，放好；积蓄，存钱
put
out
伸出；扑灭，熄灭；生产，制造
put
forward
将……提前；提议，建议
put
up
张贴；建造；提供
put
up
with
sth.
容忍某事
One
should
always
put
a
little
money
aside
for
a
rainy
day.
一个人总应积攒点钱以备不时之需。
I
can’t
put
up
with
your
bad
behaviour
any
longer.
我再也受不了你无礼的行为了。
——单句语法填空
(1)The
reporter
put
his
notebook
away
and
stood
up.
(2)At
last
the
big
fire
was
put
out
by
the
firefighters
and
the
local
people.
(3)The
guide
put
up
a
notice
about
the
school
trip
to
Italy.
(4)Our
new
manager
put
forward
a
solution
to
the
problem.
——单句写作
(5)据我所知，由于天气不好运动会已经被推迟到下周了。As
far
as
I
know，the
sports
meet
has_been_put_off
until
next
week
because
of
the
bad
weather.
give
away 赠送；泄露(秘密)；颁发
(教材P8)Therefore
he
gave
away
all
his
money
to
charities.
因此他把所有的钱都捐赠给了慈善机构。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
give
in
屈服，让步
give
off
释放出，散发
give
out
耗尽；精疲力竭
give
up
放弃；认输；对……不抱希望
We
have
been
friends
for
many
years,
so
I
won’t
give
him
away
in
any
case.
我们是多年的朋友了，所以无论如何我也不会出卖他。
We
stepped
onto
the
stage
and
the
headmaster
gave
away
the
diplomas.
我们走上台去，校长给我们颁发了毕业证书。
——一句多译
(1)After
covering
fifty
miles
or
so，his
legs
gave
out
and
he
had
to
take
a
rest.
(2)Spring
has
come
and
these
wild
flowers
give
off
a
nice
smell.
(3)The
doctor
tried
to
persuade
him
to
give
up
smoking
but
he
still
smoked.
drop
out 退出；退学
(教材P8)Charles
Gray
decided
to
drop
out
and
has
discovered
that
having
only
a
little
money
makes
you
free.
查尔斯·格雷决定退出富人圈，他发现仅仅拥有少量的钱会带给人自由。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
drop
by/over
顺便拜访
drop
in
(on
sb./at
a
place)
顺便拜访(某人/某地)
drop
off
落下；不知不觉入睡；
送……下车，送到；减少
She
was
injured
in
the
first
round
and
had
to
drop
out.
她在第一轮中受伤，只好退出比赛。
Why
don’t
you
drop
by
for
coffee
sometime
为什么不找个时间到我家喝杯咖啡呢？
——单句语法填空
(1)It
is
reported
that
traffic
accidents
have
dropped
off
since
the
new
rule
came
into
being.
(2)I
also
hope
that
you
could
drop
in
on
me
at
your
convenience.
——单句写作
(3)希望工程的目的是帮助因贫穷而辍学的孩子。
The
Project
Hope
is
designed
to
help
those
children
who_drop_out_of_school
because
of
poverty.
go
through 经历，遭受；通过；仔细检查；完成；用完；查看
(经典例句)Not
until
he
went
through
real
hardship
did
he
realize
the
love
we
have
for
our
families
is
important.
直到他经历了真正的困难他才意识到对家人的爱是重要的。
——写出下列句中go
through的含义
(1)
I
always
start
the
day
by
going
through
my
e mail.查看
(2)The
plan
went
through，which
made
us
all
happy.通过
(3)The
poor
girl
has
gone
through
so
much
since
her
parents
died.经历
(4)I
had
just
gone
through
my
homework
when
the
telephone
rang.完成
eq
\a\vs4\al()
go
against
违反，与……不符
go
ahead
先走；开始做，着手干
go
by
逝去，过去
go
over
检查；复习
go
out
熄灭
After
a
heated
discussion，he
went
ahead
of
the
others
to
try
to
find
help.
在热烈的讨论之后，他先走一步去寻求帮助了。
Building
it
here
would
go
against
the
wishes
of
the
local
community.
把它建在这里是不受当地社区欢迎的。
——单句语法填空
(1)With
time
going
by，she
forgot
about
the
whole
thing.
(2)To
get
a
better
grade，you
should
go
over
the
notes
again
before
the
test.
(3)When
he
walked
into
the
room,
the
light
happened
to
go
out．
(教材P12)You
may
agree
with
this
point
of
view.If
so，it
is
time
for
you
to
think
again.
你可能同意这种观点，若如此的话，你就应该重新思考一下。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)if
so“如果是这样的话”，是if
it
is
so的省略形式，在句中作条件状语。如果表示否定意义，则用if
not。当状语从句的主语是it，且从句中有be动词时，可以把从句中的it和be一起省略。
(2)if
ever
如果有过/发生过的话
if
any
如果有的话
if
not
如果没有的话
if
possible
如果有可能的话
if
necessary
如果有必要的话
They
think
she
may
call
back.If
so，someone
must
stay
here.
他们认为她可能来电话，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
Is
anybody
feeling
cold
If
not,
let
us
open
the
windows!
有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话，我们把窗户打开吧！
——用省略句改写下列句子
(1)Please
go
to
see
your
parents
every
week
if
it
is
possible.
→Please
go
to
see
your
parents
every
week
if_possible．
(2)Do
you
agree
with
me
If
you
agree,
please
tell
me.
→Do
you
agree
with
me
If_so,_please
tell
me.
(教材P15)They
are
very
practical
and
easy
to
wash.
他们非常实用，而且便于清洗。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
此句中的easy
to
wash是动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该句使用的是“sb./sth.is＋adj.＋to
do”结构，在该句型中不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
I
like
getting
up
early
in
summer.The
morning
air
is
so
good
to
breathe.
在夏季我喜欢早点起床。早上的空气呼吸起来很好。
The
armchair
looks
rather
hard，but
in
fact
it
is
very
comfortable
to
sit
in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但事实上坐上去很舒服。
使用be＋adj.＋to
do结构须具备两个前提条件：
(1)不定式作状语，修饰作表语的形容词；
(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
——单句改错
(1)Our
monitor
told
us
that
the
task
was
easily
to
finish.easily→easy
(2)He
is
so
selfish
that
we
all
think
that
he
is
hard
to
getting
along
with.getting→get
(3)The
small
room
is
so
dark
that
it
is
uncomfortable
to
live.
live后加in
They
spend
half
their
time
dreaming
up
ways
of
getting
rich，and
the
rest
of
their
time
thinking
about
all
the
enjoyable
things
they
would
do
once
they
got
rich.
该句是一个由and连接的并列句。其中第一个分句中含有spend
some
time
doing
sth.意为：花时间做某事；and后面省略了they_spend；they
would
do是定语从句，修饰先行词all
the
enjoyable
things;
once意为：一旦，引导时间状语从句。
他们花半生时间来梦想着发财，花另一半时间想着他们一旦变富想要做的所有令人高兴的事情。
单句语法填空
1．He
felt
ashamed(shame)
of
cheating
in
the
exam,
deciding
never
to
do
such
things
again.
2．He
fought
against
the
illness
with
courage
and
determination(determine)．
3．Health
officials
have
tried
to
raise
public
awareness(aware)
about
AIDS.
4．According
to
some
experts，everything
in
existence(exist)
is
reasonable.
5．Everyone
concerned(concern)
in
the
incident
was
questioned
by
the
police.
6．The
news
reporter
hurried
to
the
airport，only
to_be_informed(inform)
that
the
star
had
left.
7．The
children
won’t
be
allowed
to
go
there
if
they
don’t
behave
themselves(they)．
8．The
teacher
got
annoyed(annoy)
when
the
boy
refused
to
answer
his
question.
9．The
spokesman
refused
to
make
comments
on/upon
the
accident
happening
last
night.
10．Thanks
to
the
advanced(advance)
technology,
we
live
in
an
age
of
bettered
communication.
单句改错
1．I
have
heard
that
Tom
is
ill.If
is
so，I
will
go
to
see
him
today.
去掉第二个is
2．To
our
amused，our
maths
teacher
was
wearing
a
pair
of
red
trousers
that
day.
amused→amusement
3．The
old
man
did
went
through
many
difficulties
during
the
World
War
Ⅱ
in
1944.
went→go
4．The
boy
was
so
clever
that
he
was
sent
to
the
advancing
class.
advancing→advanced
5．As
far
as
I
concerned，the
young
man
is
too
careless
to
finish
the
work.I后加am
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having
become
a
millionaire，some
people
still
continue
to
be
1.concerned(concern)
about
money
and
work
hard
to
get
all
the
money，2.while
others，one
of
whom
is
Charles
Gray，have
turned
their
backs
on
their
money
and
try
3.to_be(be)a
happy
person.Although
Charles
Gray
is
very
4.wealthy(wealth)，he
is
leading
a
simple
life.He
lives
in
a
small
room
which
5.is_equipped(equip)
with
second hand
furniture.In
fact，Charles
was
pleased
6.to_give(give)
up
the
lifestyle
of
a
rich
man.7.Tired(tire)
of
being
a
person
who
had
everything
in
a
world，he
gave
all
his
money
away，which
brought
him
a
lot
of
happiness.Having
discovered
that
most
of
the
people
8.who
wanted
to
earn
much
money
never
made
9.it，Charles
decided
to
drop
out.In
his
opinion，having
only
a
little
money
makes
a
person
much
10.happier(happy)．
教材与短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
This
text
which
contain
four
advertisements
is
about
four
products.
Let’s
list
the
advantages
of
each
product.These
headphones
from
Philips
have
not
wires.
People
can
listen
to
the
programmes
while
walk
and
can
listen
to
radio
or
TV
up
60
metres
away.
The
signals
can
go
through
glass，doors
and
walls.
Mini
Camera
is
convenience，reliable
and
easy
in
use.
It’s
no
big
than
a
credit
card.
It’s
made
from
strong
material.
These
earrings
are
attractive
and
useful
in
many
noisy
situation
，and
they
are
bargains
at
a
low
price.
Feline
Floor
Cleaners
are
made
from
of
good
quality
material.
They
are
very
practice
and
very
easy
to
wash.
What
do
you
think
of
these
products
答案：
This
text
which
four
advertisements
is
about
four
products.
Let’s
list
the
advantages
of
each
product.These
headphones
from
Philips
have
wires.
People
can
listen
to
the
programmes
while
and
can
listen
to
radio
or
TV
up
60
metres
away.
The
signals
can
go
through
glass，doors
and
walls.
Mini
Camera
is
，reliable
and
easy
use.
It’s
no
than
a
credit
card.
It’s
made
from
strong
material.
These
earrings
are
attractive
and
useful
in
many
noisy
，and
they
are
bargains
at
a
low
price.
Feline
Floor
Cleaners
are
made
from
good
quality
material.
They
are
very
and
very
easy
to
wash.
What
do
you
think
of
these
products
教材与话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．许多人一心想挣钱。一旦他们阔绰起来，他们就会考虑他们要用这些钱做些什么。(be
determined
to)
2．一些人可能会把一些钱捐出去帮助残疾人。(give
away)
3．一些人用钱帮助失业的人们。(out
of
work)
4．就我而言，我们应通过辛勤的劳动致富，对财富不要过分贪婪。(as
far
as
one
be
concerned；greedy)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
A
large
number
of
people
are
determined
to
earn
money.Once
they
get
rich，they
tend
to
consider
what
they
will
do
with
the
money.Some
people
may
give
away
some
money
to
help
the
disabled.Others
will
help
those
who
are
out
of
work
with
money.As
far
as
I’m
concerned，we
are
supposed
to
earn
money
by
working
hard
and
we
shouldn’t
be
too
greedy
for
wealth.
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
阅读理解
A
(2017·广西桂林、北海、崇左联合调研)The
National
Institute
on
Media
and
the
Family
has
given
out
its
11th
annual
Video
Game
Report
Card,
which
rates(定级)
violence,
aggression
and
sexual
content
in
video
games.
2007
Buying
Guide
for
Parents
Games
to
Avoid
Children
and
Teens
■Gangs
of
London
■The
Sopranos
■Reservoir
Dogs
■Dead
Rising
■The
Godfather:
Mob
Wars
■Scarface
:
The
World
Is
Yours
■Just
Cause
These
games
are
all
rated
M
for
Mature.Titles
rated
M
have
content
that
may
be
suitable
for
persons
aged
18
and
older.Parents
are
clear
that
games
containing
violence,
blood，sexual
content
and
strong
language
influence
children
and
teens
badly.However,
these
games
are
easy
for
children
and
teens
to
access.
Recommended
Games
for
Children
and
Teens
■RoboBlitz Rated
E
10＋
■Mario
Hoops
3
on
3—Rated
E
■Madden
Football
07—Rated
E
■LocoRoco—Rated
E
10
＋
■Dance
Factory—Rated
E
■Brain
Age—Rated
E
Rated
E
10
＋
means
the
game
is
for
everyone
10
and
older.These
games
have
content
that
may
be
suitable
for
persons
aged
10
and
older.Titles
in
this
category(种类)
may
contain
more
cartoons,
fantasy
or
mild
violence,
mild
language
and/or
minimal
suggestive
themes.
Rated
E
is
for
everyone
over
5.Titles
in
this
category
may
contain
minimal
cartoons,
fantasy
or
mild
violence
and/or
occasional
use
of
mild
language.
What
Parents
Can
Do
Limits
and
boundaries
are
important,
but
simply
laying
down
rules
and
hoping
kids
will
follow
them
are
not
enough.Parents
need
to
get
involved
in
an
ongoing
dialogue
with
their
children
about
what
games
they
are
playing
and
for
how
long.Watching
what
your
kids
watch
might
mean
playing
what
your
kids
play.Creating
a
conversation
about
content
and
amount
will
not
just
protect
kids,
but
it
will
also
help
parents
strengthen
meaningful
communication
with
their
children.
【解题导语】 本文通过介绍一些电子游戏的分级来提醒家长：要多与孩子交流，了解孩子所玩的游戏，这样才能更好地保护孩子。
1．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
a
characteristic
of
games
rated
M
A．Containing
great
violence
and
blood.
B．Having
sexual
content.
C．Containing
strong
language.
D．Having
more
cartoons.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“Parents
are
clear
that
games...teens
badly.”可知，M级的游戏包含了violence，blood，sexual
content和strong
language。由此可知答案为D。
2．Which
video
game
is
suitable
for
Tom,
a
six year old
boy
who
likes
cartoons
A．Just
Cause.
B．Dance
Factory.
C．RoboBlitz.
D．LocoRoco.
B 解析：推理判断题。由“Dance
Factory—Rated
E”“Rated
E
is
for
everyone
over
5...cartoons”并结合选项可知，选B项。
3．The
passage
mainly
tells
parents
about________．
A．the
bad
effects
of
video
games
on
children
B．the
differences
between
video
games
rated
M
and
E
C．the
new
video
games
available
on
the
market
D．their
role
in
instructing
children
about
video
games
D 解析：主旨大意题。结合全文内容并根据最后一段的“Parents
need
to
get
involved
in
an
ongoing
dialogue
with
their
children
about
what
games
they
are
playing
and
for
how
long.”可知，父母应该在孩子选择游戏方面给予指导，这样才能了解孩子玩什么游戏，从而保护孩子。
B
(2017·南宁二测)A
new
taxi
service
in
Stockholm
is
offering
its
passengers
a
chance
to
relieve
stress
on
the
go.They’ve
got
psychotherapists(心理治疗师)
occupying
the
back
seats
of
the
taxis,
offering
free
consultations(咨询)．The
test
was
started
by
a
company
called
Taxi
Stockholm,
which
claimed
it’s
the
first
project
of
its
kind
in
the
world.
The
idea
was
formed
when
the
owners
of
Taxi
Stockholm
realized
that
people
are
more
likely
to
talk
about
their
problems
on
boring,
quiet
drives.They
even
have
data
to
back_up
the
theory;
according
to
spokeswoman
Natalia
Santos,
around
70
percent
of
people
said
their
taxi
journeys
were
a
good
time
for
reflection
and
that
they
often
found
their
minds
wandering.
“And
when
you
think
about
it,
the
drivers
can
even
become
like
therapists，”
she
added.
Mia
Fahlén,
one
of
the
psychologists
on
board,
said
that
she
would
have
to
be
flexible,
because
she
wouldn’t
know
exactly
how
long
a
trip
could
be.But
she
believed
that
a
lot
could
be
accomplished
from
even
a
short
10 minute
journey.“A
lot
of
people
are
lonely，”
she
explained.“There
are
so
many
single
people
in
Stockholm.And
a
lot
of
the
people
I
meet
from
abroad
tell
me
they’re
frustrated(挫败的)
with
Sweden.They
say
it’s
really
hard
to
make
the
acquaintance
of
people
and
that
even
when
they
try,
the
Swedes
can
be
very
quiet.”
“Of
course,
you’d
not
have
to
be
lucky
to
catch
these
taxis,
but
if
you’re
really
excited
about
the
idea,
you
could
book
a
trip
in
advance.It
will
work
out
cheaper
than
seeing
a
regular
therapist;
an
hour long
session
with
Fahlén
costs
up
to
1，200
kronor($165)，”
Natalia
Santos
said.
When
asked
if
this
is
all
a
publicity
stunt
(作秀)
in
the
wake
of
their
new
competitors,
taxi app
service
Uber,
Santos
denied(否认)
it.She
said
that
the
staff
at
Taxi
Stockholm
are
actually
quite
optimistic
about
being
able
to
help
people
through
their
service.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了瑞典一家出租车公司提供的特别服务：为乘客提供心理咨询。
4．What
can
we
know
about
from
Paragraph
1
A．Most
of
the
Swedes
are
suffering
from
stress.
B．Drivers
at
Taxi
Stockholm
offer
good
services.
C．Taxi
Stockholm
is
the
first
to
carry
out
the
project.
D．Psychotherapists
charge
a
little
during
the
drives.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“The
test
was
started
by
a
company
called
Taxi
Stockholm,
which
claimed
it’s
the
first
project
of
its
kind
in
the
world.”可知，
Taxi
Stockholm是世界上首家发起这项活动的公司。
5．What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“back
up”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean
A．Support.
B．Oppose.
C．Improve.
D．Test.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的
“according
to
spokeswoman...wandering”可知，他们甚至有支持该理论的数据，由此可推知back
up与support意思最接近。
6．According
to
Mia
Fahlén,
it
may
be
hard
to
________．
A．make
passengers
feel
happy
B．deal
with
quiet
passengers
C．adjust
properly
to
different
routes
D．perform
well
in
a
short
journey
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句“Mia
Fahlén,
one
of
the
psychologists
on
board,
said
that
she
would
have
to
be
flexible,
because
she
wouldn’t
know
exactly
how
long
a
trip
could
be.”可推知，Mia
Fahlén认为适应不同的路线有难度。
7．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
Stockholmers
________．
A．are
too
shy
to
show
their
emotions
B．enjoy
living
a
single
and
peaceful
life
C．may
be
concerned
about
the
new
service
D．are
considered
hard
to
approach
by
foreigners
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“And
a
lot
of
the
people
I
meet
from
abroad
tell
me
they’re
frustrated(挫败的)
with
Sweden.They
say
it’s
really
hard
to
make
the
acquaintance
of
people
and
that
even
when
they
try,
the
Swedes
can
be
very
quiet.”可推知，
外国人想要与斯德哥尔摩人亲近并不容易。
C
(2017·沈阳一测)Along
with
its
neighbors,
Sweden
features
near
the
top
of
most
sex equality
rankings.The
World
Economic
Forum
rates
it
as
having
one
of
the
narrowest
sex
gaps
in
the
world.Sweden
is
not
only
a
good
place
for
a
woman,
but
it
appears
to
be
one
for
new
dads.Close
to
ninety
percent
of
Swedish
fathers
take
paternity
leave(陪产假)．Last
year
some
340，000
dads
took
a
total
of
12
million
days’
leave,
that
is,
approximately
seven
weeks
each.Women
take
even
more
leave
days
to
spend
time
with
their
children,
but
the
gap
is
shrinking.Why
do
Swedish
dads
take
so
much
time
off
work
to
raise
their
children
Over
forty
years
ago
Sweden
became
the
first
country
in
the
world
to
introduce
a
paid
parental leave
allowance.Benefits
consisted
of
ninety
percent
of
wages
for
180
days
per
child,
and
parents
were
free
to
share
the
days
between
them
in
whatever
way
they
pleased.But
the
policy
was
hardly
a
hit
with
dads：in
the
policy’s
first
year
men
took
only
0.5%
of
all
paid
parental
leave.
Today
they
take
a
quarter
of
it.One
reason
is
that
the
policy
has
become
more
generous,
with
the
number
of
paid
leave
days
for
the
first
child
increasing
from
180
to
480.In
1995
the
first
so called
“daddy
month”
was
introduced.Under
this
reform,
families
in
which
each
parent
took
at
least
one
month
of
leave
received
an
additional
month
to
add
to
their
total
allowance.The
policy
was
expanded
in
2002
so
that
if
the
mother
and
father
each
took
at
least
two
months’
leave,
the
family
would
get
two
extra
months.Some
politicians
now
want
to
go
further,
advocating
that
the
present
system
of
shared
leave
be
turned
into
one
of
personal
rights,
under
which
mothers
should
be
allowed
to
take
only
half
of
the
family’s
allowance,
with
the
rest
reserved
for
fathers.
Since
Swedish
men
started
to
take
more
responsibility
for
child
upbringing,
women
have
seen
both
their
incomes
and
levels
of
self reported
happiness
increase.Paying
dads
to
change
nappies(尿布)
and
hang
out
at
playgrounds
seems
to
benefit
the
whole
family.
【解题导语】 瑞典是世界上第一个实行带薪父母假政策的国家。本文重点介绍了父亲陪产假政策的发展情况。
8．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
passage
A．Swedish
Sex
Equality
B．Swedish
Fathers’
Paternity
Leave
C．Swedish
New
Dad
Policy
D．Swedish
New
Fathers’
Family
Role
B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段的最后一句“Why
do
Swedish
dads
take
so
much
time
off
work
to
raise
their
children？”；据此可知，本文主要说明在瑞典除了母亲可以休产假外，父亲也有很长时间的陪产假，故B项最能概括文意。
9．Why
does
Sweden
appear
a
good
place
for
new
dads
A．Sweden
has
the
smallest
global
sex
gap.
B．They
feed
their
children
instead
of
mothers.
C．Most
of
them
are
provided
with
paternity
leave.
D．Swedish
fathers
take
more
leave
days
than
mothers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第三、四句可知，近90%的做父亲的瑞典男子可享受陪产假，故对于刚当上父亲的人来说，瑞典是个好地方，故C项正确。
10．How
has
the
policy
changed
over
time
A．Fathers
can
have
longer
paternity
leave.
B．Paternity
leave
decreases
fathers’
incomes.
C．Fathers
take
more
responsibility
than
mothers.
D．Leave
days
are
divided
equally
between
parents.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“with
the
number
of
paid
leave
days
for
the
first
child
increasing
from
180
to
480”可知，A项正确。
11．What’s
the
mothers’
attitude
towards
the
policy
A．Uncertain.
B．Approving.
C．Opposed.
D．Cautious.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“women
have
seen
both
their
incomes
and
levels
of
self reported
happiness
increase”可知，父亲的陪产假增加了母亲的幸福感；据此可以判断，母亲们赞同产假陪护，故B项正确。
D
(2017·山西太原高三模拟)More
and
more
people
keep
pets
nowadays.The
dog
and
the
cat
are
lovable,
beautiful
and
intelligent
animals.A
dog
and
a
cat
can
teach
us
a
lot
about
human
nature.More
than
one
owner
of
a
dog
has
said
that
the
animal
understands
everything
he
says
to
it.So
a
mother
or
father
who
has
ever
cared
for
pets
is
likely
to
be
more
patient
and
understanding
with
their
children
as
well,
and
especially
to
avoid
making
negative
or
rude
remarks
in
the
presence
of
children,
no
matter
how
young.
A
cat
can
teach
us
a
valuable
lesson
about
how
to
be
contented,
how
to
calm
down
at
ease,
how
to
sit,
whereas
a
dog
can
teach
us
lessons
of
loyalty
and
devotion.So
there’s
plenty
to
be
said
in
favor
of
keeping
pets.But
with
all
that
in
mind,
I
still
say
let’s
stop
keeping
pets.To
be
practical,
I
am
suggesting
that
if
we
do
not
now
have
a
pet
we
should
not
get
one;
second,
if
we
now
have
a
pet,
we
let
it
be
our
last
one.I
could
never
say
that
pets
are
bad.I’m
saying
let’s
give
up
this
good
thing—the
ownership
of
a
pet.
The
purchase,
the
health
care,
the
feeling
and
housing
and
training
of
a
pet—I
chiefly
mean
the
larger,
long lived
pets—cost
time
and
money.The
caring
of
a
pet
costs
from
a
dollar
a
week
to
a
dollar
or
more
a
day.I
would
not
for
a
moment
deny
it
is
worth
that.But
the_fact
outside
the
walls
of
our
home
keeps
breaking
in
on
our
awareness.Though
we
do
not
see
the
poverty stricken
people
of
India
and
Africa
and
South
America,
we
can
never
quite
forget
that
they
are
there.Now
and
then
their
faces
are
shown
in
the
news,
or
in
the
begging
ads
of
relief
organizations.Probably
we
send
a
donation,
whenever
we
can.
The
money
and
the
time
we
spend
on
pets
is
simply
not
our
own.Doing
without
pets
and
then
sending
the
money
saved
to
a
relief
organization
would
mean
saving
a
life—over
the
years,
several
human
lives.To
give
what
we
would
spend
on
a
cat
might
not
feed
a
child,
but
it
would
probably
pay
for
his
medical
care
or
basic
education.The
point
needs
no
longer
laboring.That
is
all
that
needs
to
be
said.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者对于养宠物的看法：在养宠物的过程中，我们会领悟到很多的道理；但是养宠物费时又费钱，我们应尽可能地把钱捐给那些穷人。
12．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage
A．People
usually
spend
so
much
money
on
pets
without
rewards.
B．People
have
no
money
to
solve
the
problem
of
poverty
in
the
world.
C．Taking
care
of
pets
can
help
make
us
kinder.
D．The
author
calls
on
people
to
stop
raising
pets
at
home
because
of
diseases.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的
“A
dog
and
a
cat
can
teach
us
a
lot
about
human
nature.”“So
a
mother
or
father...patient
and
understanding”和第二段中的“A
cat
can
teach
us
a
valuable
lesson
about
how
to
be
contented,
how
to
calm
down
at
ease...loyalty
and
devotion.”可知，照顾宠物能够帮助我们了解人性，
变得更友好。故选C。
13．How
are
most
pet
owners
different
from
others
according
to
the
passage
A．They
can
be
more
loyal
and
devoted.
B．They
tend
to
be
more
patient
and
caring.
C．They
seem
to
be
contented
and
calm.
D．They
are
likely
to
be
busy
and
independent.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的
“So
a
mother
or
father
who
has
ever
cared
for
pets
is
likely
to
be
more
patient
and
understanding
with
their
children
as
well,
and
especially
to
avoid
making
negative
or
rude
remarks
in
the
presence
of
children,
no
matter
how
young.”可知，
养宠物会让人更有耐心和更体贴。故选B。
14．What
does
the
underlined
part
“the
fact”
refer
to
A．More
and
more
people
like
to
keep
dogs
and
cats.
B．Nobody
cares
about
the
poverty stricken
people.
C．Keeping
pets
causes
much
waste
of
money
and
time.
D．Many
people
on
earth
are
still
suffering
from
poverty.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据画线词后面的“outside
the
walls
of
our
home
keeps
breaking
in
on
our
awareness.Though
we
do
not
see
the
poverty stricken
people
of
India
and
Africa
and
South
America,
we
can
never
quite
forget
that
they
are
there.”可知，“the
fact”指的是印度、非洲和南美洲还有很多人处于贫困之中。故选D。
15．What
is
the
author’s
view
about
pet keeping
A．Keeping
pets
can
make
us
understand
more
about
human
and
nature.
B．Keeping
pets
for
a
long
time
makes
people
feel
lack
of
communication.
C．We
should
stop
keeping
pets
to
donate
the
money
to
the
poor
people.
D．We
must
keep
all
kinds
of
pets
to
protect
man
and
the
environment
properly.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据第二段中的
“But
with
all
that
in
mind,
I
still
say
let’s
stop
keeping
pets...I’m
saying
let’s
give
up
this
good
thing—the
ownership
of
a
pet.”和第三、四段的内容可知，
作者认为我们应该停止养宠物，
把钱捐给那些穷人。故选C。
七选五
(2017·河南六市第一次联考)Every
day,
in
hundreds
of
ordinary
situations,
actions
speak
far
louder
than
words.We
talk
with
our
mouth,
but
we
communicate
with
our
facial
expressions,
our
tone
of
voice
and
our
whole
body.
1．________
When
we
can
read
what
others
are
saying
unconsciously,
we
can
deal
with
things—at
work
and
at
home
before
they
become
problems.
By
understanding
how
to
use
body
language,
you
can
communicate
more
effectively.Here
is
how：
2.________
Throughout
the
day,
notice
details
about
the
way
you
speak,
gesture
and
move.When
standing,
keep
your
shoulders
straight,
your
body
open
and
your
weight
balanced
on
both
feet.
Work
on
your
handshake.3.________
The
handshake
most
likely
to
show
confidence
is
firm
and
dry
with
strong
but
not
too
much
pressure.
Use
eye
contact.Eye
contact
is
very
important
in
forming
an
impression
of
someone.You
should
have
the
ability
to
keep
direct
eye
contact
if
you
want
to
be
taken
seriously.But
some
people
feel
uncomfortable
when
it
is
too
strong.4.________
Be
yourself.Nonverbal(非言语的)messages
come
from
deep
inside
you,
from
your
own
sense
of
selfrespect.If
you
are
comfortable
with
yourself,
it
shows.5.________
They
always
give
others
a
deep
impression.
A．Use
hand
gestures
carefully.
B．Pay
attention
to
your
body
language.
C．A
mirror
can
be
useful
to
examine
facial
expressions.
D．People
who
know
who
they
are
have
a
relaxed
way
of
talking
and
moving.
E．In
the
business
world,
the
handshake
shows
important
messages
about
power.
F．Understanding
body
language
is
one
of
the
most
useful
skills
you
can
develop.
G．To
avoid
this
problem,
change
your
focus
so
that
you
look
at
somewhere
between
the
eyes
and
the
chin.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了肢体语言的作用以及使用肢体语言的四条建议。
1．F 解析：根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了读懂肢体语言的作用，故选F
“理解肢体语言是你能发展的最有用的技能之一”。
2．B 解析：通读本段可知，本段主要介绍了应当如何注意日常生活中的肢体语言；结合空后一句中的“notice”可以判断，选B项。
3．E 解析：由空前一句可知，本段主要谈的是“如何握手”这一话题，所以选E项，E项介绍了生意场上正确握手的重要性。
4．G 解析：由空前一句可知，如果你和某人的眼神交流过于直接，这种强烈的“直视”可能会让对方不舒服；据此可以判断，空处介绍的是避免此问题的方法，故G项正确。
5．D 解析：根据空处的下一句可知，他们会给他人留下深刻的印象；据此可以判断，D项“那些知道自己是谁的人拥有能够让人放松的交谈和行为方式”符合语境。空后的They指代选项D中的“People
who
know
who
they
are”。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
完形填空
One
day,
a
professor
entered
the
classroom
and
asked
his
students
to
prepare
for
a
surprise
test.They
waited
anxiously
at
their
desks
for
the
test
to
begin.The
professor
__1__
the
question
papers,
with
the
text
facing
down
as
usual.__2__
he
handed
them
all
out,
he
asked
his
students
to
__3__
the
page
and
begin.To
everyone’s
surprise,
there
were
no
__4__，
just
a
black
dot
in
the
center
of
the
page.The
professor,
seeing
the
expression
on
everyone’s
face,
told
them
the
following：
“I
want
you
to
write
what
you
__5__
there.”
The
students,
__6__，
got
to
start
on
the
inexplicable
(费解的)
task.
At
the
end
of
the
class,
the
professor
__7__
all
the
answer
papers
and
started
reading
each
one
of
them
aloud
in
front
of
all
the
students.All
of
them,
with
no
__8__，
described
the
black
dot,
trying
to
explain
its
position
in
the
middle
of
the
sheet.After
all
had
been
__9__，
the
classroom
silent,
the
professor
began
to
explain：
“I’m
not
going
to
grade(打分)
this.I
__10__
wanted
to
give
you
something
to
think
about.No
one
wrote
about
the
__11__
part
of
the
paper.Everyone
focused
on
the
black
dot,
and
the
same
happens
in
our
__12__．We
have
a
white
paper
to
observe
and
__13__，
but
we
always
focus
on
the
dark
spots.Our
life
is
a
__14__
given
to
us
with
love
and
care,
and
we
always
have
__15__
to
celebrate:
nature
renewing
itself
every
day,
our
friends
around
us,
the
job
that
__16__
our
livelihood
and
the
miracles
we
see
every
day.
__17__，
we
insist
on
focusing
only
on
the
dark
spots:
the
health
issues
that
bother
us,
the
lack
of
money,
the
__18__
relationship
with
colleagues,
the
__19__
with
a
friend，etc.
The
dark
spots
are
very
__20__
compared
to
everything
we
have
in
our
lives,
but
they
are
the
ones
that
pollute
our
minds.”
【解题导语】 文章通过教授给学生做的一项小测试，说明生活中可享受的有很多，不要只看到“小黑点”。
1．A.handed
out
B．wrapped
up
C．referred
to
D．pointed
at
A 解析：句意：教授分发了试卷，像往常一样，有题目的那一面朝下。根据后文的he
handed
them
all
out可知，这里指分发(handed
out)试卷。wrap
up意为“包裹；圆满完成”；refer
to意为“参考；涉及”；point
at意为“指着”。故选A项。
2．A.Since
B．Until
C．If
D．After
D 解析：句意：发完所有试卷后，他让学生们把试卷翻过来开始答题。根据常识，先发试卷后做题。
3．A.fold
B．turn
C．open
D．use
B 解析：句意见上一题解析。发试卷的时候题目那一面朝下，因此让学生翻过来(turn)再答题。fold意为“折叠”；open意为“打开”；use意为“使用”。B项符合语境。
4．A.exercises
B．choices
C．questions
D．scores
C 解析：句意：令所有人惊讶的是，试卷上没有题目，只有一个黑点在试卷的中间。根据上文的the
question
papers可知试卷上本应该是题目，但是没有题目。故选C项。
5．A.remember
B．imagine
C．study
D．see
D 解析：
句意：我想让你们写出你们看到了什么。remember意为“记得”；imagine意为“想象”；study意为“学习；研究”；see意为“看见”。根据后文可知，学生毫无例外，都在描述那个小黑点，由此推断出教授让学生们描述看到了什么。故选D项。
6．A.surprised
B．confused
C．curious
D．displeased
B 解析：句意：学生们很困惑(confused)，开始这项令人费解的任务。surprised意为“惊讶的”；curious意为“好奇的”；displeased意为“不开心的，生气的”。根据后面inexplicable的中文释义“费解的”可推断confused符合语境。故选B项。
7．A.collected
B．finished
C．marked
D．selected
A 解析：根据常识，考完试后应把试卷都收起来。因此，此处指教授收集(collected)所有的试卷，并开始当着学生的面大声地读出每一份答案。finish意为“完成”；mark意为“打分”；select意为“挑选”。
8．A.excuse
B．doubt
C．exception
D．explanation
C 解析：根据空前的All
of
them可知，
所有人都毫无例外地(with
no
exception)描述了中间那个小黑点。故选C项。excuse意为“借口”；
doubt意为“怀疑”；
explanation意为“解释”。
9．A.said
B．answered
C．returned
D．read
D 解析：根据前文的and
started
reading
each
one
of
them
aloud可知，
教授在全班面前读同学们交的答案。因此，此处指在教授读(read)完所有的答案之后，整个班级陷入了沉默。
10．A.also
B．just
C．even
D．finally
B 解析：句意：我不打算给答案打分，我只是(just)想让你们去思考一些问题。根据语境可知选B项。
11．A.big
B．black
C．beautiful
D．white
D 解析：句意：没有人写关于纸上的白色部分(除小黑点之外的部分)。根据上文可知，所有人都描述了那个小黑点，由此可推断这里是white
part，故选D项。
12．A.lives
B．classrooms
C．colleges
D．studies
A 解析：句意：每个人都在关注那个小黑点，类似的情况也发生在我们的生活(lives)中。由后文可知，教授在讲我们的生活，故选A项。
13．A.send
B．keep
C．enjoy
D．show
C 解析：句意：我们有一整张白纸来观察和欣赏(enjoy)……根据下文可知，生活就像一份带着爱和关心的礼物，C项符合语境。
14．A.burden
B．gift
C．pressure
D．lesson
B 解析：句意：我们的生活就像一份带着爱和关心的礼物(gift)……burden意为“负担”；pressure意为“压力”；lesson意为“教训；课”；根据关键词love和care，以及下一句的celebrate可知B项符合语境。
15．A.reasons
B．time
C．freedom
D．festivals
A 解析：句意：……我们总有很多庆祝的理由(reasons)：大自然的自我更迭，我们身边的朋友，给我们提供生计的工作以及我们每天见证的奇迹。根据冒号之后的内容可知，A项正确。
16．A.threatens
B．ruins
C．provides
D．changes
C 解析：句意见上一题解析。threaten意为“威胁”；ruin意为“毁灭”；change意为“改变”；此句为定语从句，先行词为the
job，在定语从句中作主语，livelihood“生计”为宾语，因此本空应填谓语动词，provides
our
livelihood意为“为我们提供生计”。故选C项。
17．A.However
B．Therefore
C．Besides
D．Moreover
A 解析：句意：然而，我们只关注那些“黑点”：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事复杂的(complicated)关系、与朋友相处中的失望(disappointment)等等。therefore意为“因此”；besides意为“除此以外”；moreover意为“而且；此外”；上一段中教授讲到生活中积极的一面，根据下文的dark
spots可知，本段说的是消极的一面，故用However表示转折。
18．A.close
B．complicated
C．special
D．strong
B 解析：句意见上一题解析。close意为“亲近的”；
special意为“特殊的”；
strong意为“坚强的”；由于本句所在段落着眼于生活中不如意的事情，故用complicated(复杂的)，符合语境。
19．A.stay
B．contact
C．satisfaction
D．disappointment
D 解析：所在句子讲的是生活中遇到的所谓“负面”的事，故disappointment(失望)符合语境；stay意为“停留”；contact意为“联系”；satisfaction意为“满意”；由此可知答案选D项。
20．A.dark
B．round
C．small
D．dirty
C 解析：句意：与生活中的事情相比，“黑点”只是很小的(small)一部分，然而却能污染我们的心灵。dark意为“黑色的”；round意为“圆的”；dirty意为“脏的”；根据compared
to
everything可知，small符合语境。
语法填空
Ocean
pollution
is
serious.It
can
kill
ocean
creatures
1.____________even
harm
humans.It’s
vital
to
focus
on
this
issue
and
find
ways
to
prevent
pollution
in
our
waters.
Pollution
in
the
oceans
2.____________
(severe)
harms
sea
creatures.For
example,
ocean
animals
often
mistake
pieces
of
plastic
for
food.As
a
result,
their
bellies
fill
up
with
plastic
from
bottles,
3.____________
(contain)
and
beach
toys.This
can
be
deadly
to
the
animals.
Ocean
pollution
4.____________
(cause)
risks
to
humans,
too.Polluted
water
can
result
5.____________
diseases
among
swimmers.Also,
people
eat
fish
6.____________
might
be
poisoned
with
harmful
chemicals
from
oil
leaks
and
rubbish
in
sea
water.
Some
people
may
argue
that
ocean
pollution
is
not
serious，7.____________(believe)
that
the
oceans
are
so
vast
that
they
can
absorb
all
kinds
of
pollution.However,
the
examples
of
ocean
creatures
8.____________
(kill)
by
pollution
prove
them
wrong.
In
9.____________
(conclude),
it’s
clear
that
ocean
pollution
is
a
10.____________(challenge)
problem.We
need
to
learn
more
about
how
to
stop
it.
【解题导语】 本文为说明文。海洋污染不仅对海洋生物而且对人类都造成了危害，一些人认为海洋如此之大，它可以吸收各种污染，然而事实表明他们的想法是错误的。
1．and 解析：考查连词。前后两个谓语动词为递进关系，故用and连接。
2．severely 解析：考查副词。设空处需用副词修饰动词harms。
3．containers 解析：考查名词。根据前后的bottles，beach
toys可知设空处应为名词，且为名词复数形式。
4．causes 解析：考查主谓一致。主语ocean
pollution为第三人称单数，故答案为causes。句意：海洋污染对人类也造成了危害。
5．in 解析：考查介词。固定短语：result
in导致，产生。
6．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。people
eat
fish为主句。其后为定语从句，先行词为fish。将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，且先行词指物，故用that或which引导。
7．believing 解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。believe与主语some
people为逻辑上的主动关系，故设空处用现在分词(believing)作状语。
8．killed 解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。“____________(kill)by
pollution”作定语修饰名词ocean
creatures。kill与ocean
creatures之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
9．conclusion 解析：考查名词。固定搭配：in
conclusion总之。
10．challenging 解析：考查形容词。challenging意为：具有挑战性的。
课时练3 Ⅱ卷强化增分练
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分
45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2017·深圳第二次调研)Is
there
such
a
thing
as
being
“over protective”？
I
can
honestly
say
that
my
answer
to
that
question
61.____________
(change)
dramatically(戏剧性地)
since
I
became
a
parent.
Before
the
birth
of
my
daughter,
I
taught
at
62.____________
private
school,
often
viewing
my
students
as
over protected，worrying
63.____________
would
happen
when
they
went
on
to
middle
schools.
Some
did
fine，and
some
did
not.Some
needed
constant
pats
on
the
back,
words
of
64.____________
(encourage)
and
extra
support，which
I
65.____________
(happy)
gave.Others
were
content
on
their
own,
needing
little
or
no
interaction
(互动)
with
their
teachers.66.____________
for
the
most
part,
graduates
would
go
on
for
higher
schooling.
I’d
always
supposed
their
parents
were
over protective,
for
they
were
the
ones
that
still
walked
their
67.____________
(five)
graders
into
the
classroom
and
met
them
at
the
school
gate.
Admittedly,
I
laughed
at
those
parents,
68.____________
(think)
their
children
would
never
learn
to
be
69.____________
(independence)
if
they
didn’t
let
go
just
a
little.Then
I
had
my
own
daughter.The
moment
I
looked
at
her
little
face,
I
70.____________
(know)
I’d
do
everything
in
my
power
to
protect
her
and
make
sure
she
always
felt
safe!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。在作者当老师时，认为家长对学生过度关怀，同时，对一些家长的做法表示不理解，比如上小学五年级的孩子还需接送。但是，在自己成为家长之后，作者才明白自己也一定会倾其所有去呵护自己的女儿。
61．has
changed 解析：考查动词的时态。句意为：自从我当上家长，我可以诚恳地说我对这个问题的答案有了戏剧性地改变。since常常与现在完成时连用，且主语为“answer”，是单数形式。故填has
changed。
62．a 解析：考查冠词。分析句子成分可知，“school”是可数名词，前面的形容词“private”作定语，且在文中第一次提到，所以此处应用不定冠词，泛指“一所私立学校”；且private的读音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
63．what 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，作动词“worrying”的宾语，且引导词在宾语从句中作主语，指物，故应用what引导该从句。故填what。
64．encouragement 解析：考查词性转换。根据词法知识可知，介词of后面应用名词形式，encourage的名词形式是encouragement，与后文的“support”一致。故填encouragement。
65．happily 解析：考查词性转换。根据词法知识可知，空格处修饰动词“gave”，应用happy的副词形式。故填happily。
66．But 解析：考查连词。上文列举了不同学生的性格。根据下文“for
the
most
part”可知，此处与上文形成转折。句意为：但是，对大部分毕业生来说，他们会接受更高的学校教育。故填But。注意首字母大写。
67．fifth 解析：考查序数词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是五年级的学生，所以应该用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
68．thinking 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处“think”的动作是由主语“I”发出的，表示主动，所以应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填thinking。
69．independent 解析：考查词性转换。由空格前面的be可知，空处应用形容词形式，结合句意可知填independent。
70．knew 解析：考查时态。句意为：当我看到她的小脸的那一刻，我知道我会尽我的所能来保护她，让她总是感到安全。由looked可知空处时态是一般过去时，故填knew。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2017·江西南昌十校高三模拟)WeChat
is
becoming
popularly
with
people.I
had
already
made
a
survey
among
my
classmates
about
the
use
of
WeChat.According
to
a
result,
45%
of
the
classmates
admit
they
often
use
it
because
comparing
with
other
means
of
communication,
WeChat
has
more
advantages.It’s
cheap,
convenient
and
easy
to
send
all
kinds
of
message
around.
However,
35%
of
them
is
against
using
it,
saying
it
will
affect
their
study.Ever
using
WeChat,
the
rest
of
the
students
have
no
opinion
about
them.As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
since
WeChat
offers
us
great
convenience,
it
should
be
made
good
use.We
should
not
be
slaves
to
it
or
let
it
to
govern
our
minds
and
behavior.
答案：
WeChat
is
becoming
with
people.I
already
made
a
survey
among
my
classmates
about
the
use
of
WeChat.According
to
result,
45%
of
the
classmates
admit
they
often
use
it
because
with
other
means
of
communication,
WeChat
has
more
advantages.It’s
cheap,
convenient
and
easy
to
send
all
kinds
of
around.
However,
35%
of
them
against
using
it,
saying
it
will
affect
their
study.
using
WeChat,
the
rest
of
the
students
have
no
opinion
about
.As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
since
WeChat
offers
us
great
convenience,
it
should
be
made
good
use
．We
should
not
be
slaves
to
it
or
let
it
govern
our
minds
and
behavior.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2017·陕西六校高三适应性训练)假如你是李华，请按如下提示给外教Smith写一封信，邀请他参加你校建校50周年校庆晚会。
1．晚会时间：9月20日晚8点至10点；
2．晚会地点：青少年活动中心(大学路与兴华街交叉口东北角)；
3．晚会节目：自拟(至少3条)；
4．座位安排：3区4排6号。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Smith，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
One
possible
version：
Dear_Smith，
I’m
honored
on
behalf
of
our
school
to
invite
you
to
attend
the
evening
party
in
celebration
of
our
school’s
50th
anniversary.Here
is
the
information
in
detail.
As
scheduled,
the
performance
is
due
to
start
at
20
o’clock
and
end
at
22
o’clock
on
September
20.You
are
arranged
to
sit
in
seat
6，row
4,
section
3
where
you
can
feast
your
eyes.At
the
party,
folk
songs
will
be
performed,
poem
recitation
and
students’
group
dance
included.
By
the
way,
you
can
take
bus
No.4
to
the
party
venue，the
Youth
Activity
Center
located
northeast
of
the
crossroads
where
Xinghua
Street
meets
University
Road.
Looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you
soon.
Yours，
Li_Hua话 题： 人际关系(Interpersonal
relationships)
1.stress
v．
强调
2.considerate
adj.
体贴的
3.suit
vt.
适合
4.actually
adv.
实际上
5.shortcoming
n.
缺点
6.consequently
adv.
所以；结果
7.harmony
n.
和谐
8.convenient
adj.
方便的
9.treasure
v.
珍惜；珍藏
10.appreciate
v.
感激；欣赏
11.communicate
v.
交流；沟通
12.precious
adj.
珍贵的
13.respect
v.
尊敬
14.relationship
n.
关系
15.realize
v.
意识到
16.pay
a
visit
to
拜访……
17.fall
in
love
with
相爱；爱上
18.trust
each
other
相互信任
19.turn
to
sb.for
help
向某人求助
20.look
down
upon
看不起；轻视
1.If
it’s
convenient
for
you,
let’s
meet
at
8：30
outside
the
school
gate. 如果你方便的话，我们8：30在学校大门外见面吧。
2.It
is
considerate
of
you
to
inform
me
of
the
delay
of
the
sports
meeting.
告知我运动会延期了，你考虑真是周到。
3.The
boy
is
so
shy
that
it
is
hard
for
him
to
communicate
with
others
in
a
new
school. 这个男孩那么害羞，所以对于他来说，在一个新的学校里与别人交流是很困难的。
(2016·全国卷丙书面表达)假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示歉意；
2．说明原因；
3．另约时间。
Dear
Bob，
I’m
sorry
to
say
that
I
cannot
go
to
the
bookstore
with
you
on
Friday
afternoon.
I
have
just
found
that
I
have
to
attend
an
important
class
meeting
that
afternoon.
I
hope
the
change
will
not
cause
you
too
much
trouble.
Shall
we
go
on
Saturday
morning
We
can
set
out
early
so
that
we’ll
have
more
time
to
read
and
select
books.
If
it’s
convenient
for
you,
let’s
meet
at
8：30
outside
the
school
gate.
If
not,
let
me
know
what
time
suits
you
best.
I
should
be
available
any
time
after
school
next
week.
Yours，
Li
Hua
1．tip
v．
给小费
n.
小费2．toast
n.
烤面包；祝酒_，干杯
3．cheque
n.
支票
4．wander
vi.
漫游，闲逛
5．laughter
n.
笑；笑声
6．anyhow
adv.
总之，反正；不管怎样
7．modest
adj.
谦虚的；适度的
8．eastern
adj.
东方国家的；东部的
9．lift
n.
搭车
10．blanket
n.
毛毡，毯子
11．parcel
n.
邮包，包裹
12．aspect
n.
方面
13．broad
adj.
各种各样的；广阔的
14．appetite
n.
食欲，胃口
15．detective
n.
侦探
1．book
vt.
预约，预订
2．manners
n.
礼貌
3．indicate
vt.
表明；表示
4．familiar
adj.
熟悉的，常见的
5．absorb
vt.
理解，掌握；吸收
6．whisper
vi.
低语，耳语
7．owe
vt.
欠(情、债等)
8．conduct
vt.
指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)；
实施
9．export
vt.
出口，输出
10．contrary
adj.
相反的
11．exchange
vt.
兑换，交换
12．request
n.
请求
13．attach
vt.
喜欢，依恋；系，固定
14．bear
vt.
携带；容忍
15．forgive
vt.
宽恕，饶恕
1．brief
adj.短暂的，简短的→
briefly
adv.简要地
2．expectation
n.
期待的事物，预期→expect
vt.
期待，预料→expected
adj.
预期的，预料之中的→expectant
adj.
期待的；预期的；期望的
3．majority
n.
大半，大多数→major
adj.
主要的
vi.
主修
4．reasonable
adj.
合理的，正当的→reason
n.
理由
v.
推论；劝说→reasonably
adv.
合理地；相当地
5．curiously
adv.
奇怪地；好奇地→curious
adj.
好奇的→curiosity
n.
好奇心
6．movement
n.
动作；活动→move
v.
移动；感动→movable
adj.
可移动的
7．cautious
adj.
小心翼翼的，谨慎的→caution
n.
小心，谨慎
8．injure
vt.
伤害→injury
n.
伤害，损害→injured
adj.
受伤的
9．erupt
vi.爆发；喷发→eruption
n．爆发
10．belong
vi.
适应；属于→belongings
n.
所有物；财产
11．addition
n.
相加，增加物→add
vt.
增加，加，增添；补充说→additional
adj.
补充的，额外的，附加的
1．The
mayor
expressed
his
satisfaction
with
the
meeting.
In
addition,_he
added
that
the
local
government
would
create
an
additional
200
jobs.
(add)
2．My
parents
had
expected
me
to
perform
well.
When
the
match
was
over，I
saw
their
expectant
faces.I
felt
ashamed，for
I
failed
to
live
up
to
their
expectations．(expect)
3．The
car
is
in
reasonably
good
condition
and
the
price
is
also
reasonable，so
I
don’t
know
the
reason
why
the
man
didn’t
buy
it.(reason)
4．I
was
always
curious
about
some
new
things.To
satisfy
my
curiosity，I
opened
the
parcel.When
I
was
opening
it，my
son
was
watching
me
curiously．(curious)
5．The
soldier
was
injured
in
the
fire
and
we
were
all
worried
about
his
injury．Then
word
came
that
the
injured
soldier
had
been
sent
to
the
best
hospital.(injure)
1．give...a_lift
让……搭车
2．see...off
给(某人)送行
3．belong_to
属于
4．insist_on_doing_sth.
坚决要求做某事
5．stare_at
盯着看
6．be_attached_to
依附于……
7．take...seriously
严肃地看待……
8．in_poor_condition
状况不好
9．be_sensitive_to
对……敏感
10．get_used_to
习惯于
11．at_least
至少
12．contrary_to
与……相反
13．put/bring...to_an_end
结束……
My
aunt
used
to
be
1.in_poor_condition．One
day
she
would
fly
to
the
USA
to
see
the
doctor
and
I
went
to
2.see_her_off
at
the
airport.Before
she
went
aboard，we
had
a
friendly
talk，which
was
to
change
my
whole
life.She
asked
me
to
3.get_used_to
my
college
life
as
soon
as
possible
and
not
to
4.be_sensitive_to
criticism.Above
all，5.take
my
study
seriously.
1．特殊疑问词＋不定式结构，在句中作宾语
Decide
where
to
go
on
holiday
with
a
friend.
【仿写】 我真的不知道关于这种事说什么。
I
really
don’t
know
what_to_say
about
such
a
thing.
2．have
a
difficult
time
(in)
doing
sth.做某事有困难
When
I
first
arrived
in
San
Francisco，I
had
a
difficult
time
understanding
certain
aspects
of
the
American
way
of
doing
things.
【仿写】 因为有这么多的问题要解决，经理经营这个公司将会有很大的困难。
With
so
many
things
to
deal
with，the
manager
will
have_a_difficult_time_(in)_operating
the
company.
3．名词短语the
last
time“上次……的时候”，用作连词引导时间状语从句
I
had
a
similar
experience
the
last
time
I
visited
China.
【仿写】 上次我游黄山时被它的美景迷住了。
I
was
attracted
by
the
beautiful
scenery
of
Mount
Huang
the_last_time_I_visited_it．
跟动名词或不定式作宾语
的动词；
现在分词的用法
单句语法填空
1．The
girl
always
avoids
meeting(meet)
him，because
she
doesn’t
like
him.
2．To
be
honest,
I
didn’t
mean
to_hurt(hurt)
you.
Would
you
forgive
me,
please
3．Working(work)
hard
at
your
lessons，you
are
bound
to
succeed
in
time.
4．Even
if
she
can
afford
to_go(go)
to
Hong
Kong，she
wouldn’t
go
there.
5．The
man
speaking(speak)
to
our
teacher
there
is
our
new
headmaster.
owe
vt.欠(情、债)等
(教材P36)I
certainly
owe
you
an
apology
for
not
writing
more
often.
我确实应该因不能经常给你写信而向你道歉。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)owe
sb.sth.＝owe
sth.to
sb.
欠某人某物
owe...to...
把……归因于……
owe
it
to
sb.that...
多亏了某人
(2)owing
to...
因为，由于
I
owe
my
success
to
my
teacher’s
kind
help
and
encouragement!
我把成功归功于老师的热心帮助和鼓励。
He
owes
his
good
health
to
plenty
of
exercise
and
a
regular
life.
他把他的身体健康归功于充分的锻炼和有规律的生活。
——单句语法填空
(1)Our
trading
connection
has
broken
off
owing(owe)
to
a
disagreement
over
prices.
(2)I
owe
it
to
you
that
I
made
such
great
progress
in
my
spoken
English.
(3)Owing(owe)
to
my
lack
of
experience,
I
didn’t
do
the
work
well.
——单句写作
(4)由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。
Owing_to_the_bad_weather,_the
flight
was
delayed
for
a
couple
of
hours.
(5)我必须说我的这些成就都应归功于我的同事和朋友们的鼓励和帮助。
I
must
say
I
owe_all_the_achievements_to
the
encouragement
and
help
from
my
colleagues
and
friends.
absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收；吞并；使全神贯注
(教材P36)
I’ve
just
been
so
busy
studying
and
trying
to
absorb
all
the
new
things
around
me—I
think
I’m
still
experiencing
culture
shock.
我一直忙于学习，尽力了解身边的新事物——我觉得自己仍然一直在经历文化冲击。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
absorb
one’s
attention
吸引某人的注意
be
absorbed
by/into...
被……吞并；被……所吸收
be
absorbed/buried
in
全神贯注于；专心于
(2015·天津高考单项填空)Absorbed
in
painting,
John
didn’t
notice
evening
approaching.
由于专心绘画，
约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
A
good
book
can
absorb
our
attention
so
completely
that
for
the
time
being
we
forget
our
surroundings.
一本好书能如此完全吸引我们的注意力以至于我们暂时忘掉了我们周围的环境。
——单句语法填空
(1)(2016·北京高考)However,
when
something
did
interest
me,
I
could
become
absorbed(absorb)．
(2)The
surrounding
small
towns
have_been_absorbed(absorb)
into
the
city.
——一句多译
汤姆专心于工作，
忘记了通知她这件事。
(3)Tom
was_so_absorbed_in_his_work
that
he
forgot
to
inform
her
of
it.
(4)So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work
that
he
forgot
to
inform
her
of
it.(改为含so...that...的倒装句)
(5)Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tom
forgot
to
inform
her
of
it.(用过去分词短语作状语)
exchange
vt.&
vi.兑换，交换
n．交换；交流；互换
(经典例句)We
students
should
often
exchange
ideas
with
our
parents,
who
are
rich
in
experience,
and
above
all,
love
us
most
in
the
world.
我们学生应该经常和父母交流思想，
他们经验丰富，
而且最重要的是，
他们是在这个世界上最爱我们的人。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)exchange
sth.for
sth. 用……来交换……
exchange
sth.with
sb.
与某人交换某物
(2)in
exchange
for
交换
(2016·江苏高考)The
Internet
enables
us
to
exchange
ideas
with
many
others
to
check
our
claims,
and
to
judge
our
actions.
网络使我们能够与很多其他人交换想法来检查我们的主张、判断我们的行为。
Where
can
I
exchange
my
American
money
for
foreign
money？ 我在哪儿可以把美元兑换成外汇？
——单句改错
(1)I
am
going
to
travel
abroad,
so
I
go
to
exchange
some
RMB
into
dollars
in
the
bank.
into→for
(2)I’ve
offered
to
paint
the
kitchen
in
exchange
of
a
week’s
accommodation.
of→for
——高考小作文
(3)(2015·重庆高考书面表达)与此同时，
他们彼此交流思想和情感，
通过这些他们能获得更多的知识。
Meanwhile,
they
exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through
which
they
probably
acquire
more
knowledge.
majority
n．大半，大多数
(教材P36)But
even
though
some
British
people
are
quite
strange，the
majority
of
them
are
really
friendly
and
I’ve
made
some
good
friends. 虽然有些英国人十分奇怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已经结交了一些好朋友。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)a/the
majority
of...
大多数……
be
in
a/the
majority
构成大部分/大多数
(2)major
n．&v.
专业；
主修
major
in
主修……；以……为专业
(3)minority
n.
少数
in
the
minority
占少数
(2016·天津高考)The
majority
of
them
take
an
online
language
test
before
starting
their
programme.
他们大多数在开始课程之前要进行一个网上语言测试。
The
white
are
in
the
majority
in
Australia
while
the
native
people
in
the
minority.
在澳大利亚，
白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。
a/the
majority
of＋名词，
表示“大多数……”，
谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the
majority单独作主语时，
谓语动词用单复数均可。
——单句语法填空
(1)With
the
prices
going
up,
the
majority
of
people
find(find)
it
hard
to
live
on
the
amount
of
money
they
get.
(2)The
majority
were/was(be)
on
the
England’s
team,
which
greatly
disappointed
them.
(3)I
graduated
from
Chongqing
Normal
University
and
majored
in
information
management.
——高考小作文
(4)(2015·浙江高考书面表达)我们对于组织班级活动可能有不同的观点。当我有不同观点时，我会选择放弃，尊重大多数人的观点。
We
may
have
different
opinions
in
organizing
class
activities.
When
I
have
a
different
opinion,
I
may
choose
to
give
it
up
and
respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority．
indicate
vt.指出；标示；表明；表示；暗示
(经典例句)His
attitude
indicates
that
he
is
not
very
happy
with
what
you
are
doing.
他的态度暗示他对你的所作所为不是很高兴。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)indicate
sth.(to
sb.)
指示；指出；标示
indicate
that/wh clause
表示……；示意……
(2)indication
n.
暗示；表示；预兆
(3)indicator
指示器
Her
tone
indicated
that
she
didn’t
believe
a
word
of
my
explanation.
她的语气说明，她对我的解释一个字也不信。
With
a
nod
of
his
head，he
indicated
to
me
where
I
should
sit. 他点头示意我应坐的地方。
——单句语法填空
(1)He
indicated
that
an
indicator
should
give
me
some
indication
of
how
I
did
in
the
test.
(indicate)
(2)Just
as
the
story
indicates(indication)，“Where
there
is
life，there
is
hope.”
(3)As
is
indicated(indicate)
in
the
survey,
more
and
more
people
choose
to
travel
abroad.
——单句改错
(4)There
is
some
research
indicated
that
the
economy
is
improving.
indicated→_indicating
(5)A
red
sky
at
night
is
often
a
indication
of
fine
weather
the
next
day.
a→an
request
n．&vt.请求；要求
(经典例句)All
members
of
the
club
are
requested
to
attend
the
annual
meeting.
请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)make
a
request
for
请求；要求
at
one’s
request＝at
the
request
of
sb.
应某人的要求
(2)request
sb.to
do
sth.
请求/要求某人做某事
request
that...(should)
do...
请求/要求……做某事
It
is
requested
that...(should)
do...
要求……
No
photos
of
the
girl
were
printed
at
the
request
of
her
family. 依照女孩家人的要求，没有刊登女孩的照片。
The
workers
requested
that
their
working
conditions
(should)
be
improved.
工人们要求进一步改善他们的工作条件。
——单句语法填空
(1)They
have
made
an
urgent
request
for
international
aid.
(2)Everyone
arrived
at
the
hall
at
the
request
of
the
manager.
(3)It
is
requested
that
every
guest
present
at
the
party
(should)_bring(bring)
a
gift.
——一句多译
我父母要求我再学一门外语。
(4)My
parents
requested
that
I
(should)_learn_a_second_foreign_language．
(5)My
parents
requested
me
to_learn_a_second_foreign_language．
familiar
adj.熟悉的，常见的
(教材P40)Jin
Li
found
the
American
way
of
life
familiar
soon
after
her
arrival
in
the
USA.
当金丽到达美国后不久，她发现美国人的生活方式很熟悉。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
sb.be
familiar
with
sth. 某人对某物很熟悉
sth.be
familiar
to
sb.
某物为某人所熟悉
Since
I
am
familiar
with
Beijing，I
can
help
visitors
find
their
way
in
the
city.
因为我熟悉北京，所以可以给游客指路。
He
talked
of
other
cultures
as
if
they
were
more
familiar
to
him
than
his
own.
他谈起其他文化时似乎比对他自己的文化还要熟悉。
The
children
are
too
familiar
with
their
teacher.
这帮孩子对老师过于随便。
——单句语法填空
(1)This
nursery
rhyme
is
very
familiar
to
me.
(2)Most
of
Chinese
people
are
familiar
with
this
musician.
——一句多译
他总是乐于帮助他人，
因此大家都熟悉他。
(3)He
is
always
willing
to
help
others,
so
everyone
here
is_familiar_with
him.
(4)He
is
always
willing
to
help
others,
so
he
is_familiar_to
everyone
here.
belong vi.适应；属于
(经典例句)As
is
known
to
us,
China
is
a
country
belonging
to
the
Third
World.
众所周知，
中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)belong
to 属于(不能用于进行时态和被动语态)
(2)belongings
n.
财产；所有物；相关事物
In
my
opinion，the
new
car
may
belong
to
the
girl
living
in
that
building.
依我看来，这辆新车可能是住在那座楼的那个女孩的。
In
my
opinion，you’d
better
put
the
book
where/to
which
it
belongs. 依我看来，你最好把书放回应放置的地方。
——单句语法填空
(1)(2016·浙江高考)We
had
to
keep
track
of
our
belongings(belong),
and
if
something
was
lost，it
was
not
replaced.
(2)This
building
has
a
long
history,
which
belongs(belong)
to
an
old
businessman.
(3)(2016·北京高考)Because
a
college
community(群体)
differs
from
the
family,
many
students
will
struggle
to
find
a
sense
of
belonging(belong)．
——高考小作文
(4)(四川高考书面表达)作为一名理科生，
我一直在复习语、
数、
外、
理、
化、
生，
这些都属于高考科目。
As
a
science
student,
I
have
been
reviewing
Chinese,
Maths,
English,
Physics,
Chemistry
and
Biology,
which_all_belong_to_the_College_Entrance_Examination_subjects．
attach
vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定；附上，贴上；联在一起
(教材P42)At
first，we
didn’t
feel
we
belong
here，but
now
we
are
attached
to
the
land
we
live
on.
起初，我们认为自己并不属于这里，但是现在我们已与我们所居住的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)attach...to...
把……固定/附在……上
attach
great
importance/significance
to
sth.
认为……有重要性/意义
(2)attached
adj.
依恋的
be
attached
to
附属于；
依恋
(天津高考)My
parents
always
attach
great
importance
to
my
getting
a
good
education.
我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。
This
hospital
is
attached
to
the
medical
college
nearby.
这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
——单句语法填空
(1)I
wonder
if
you
have
attached
a
recent
photograph
to
your
application
form.
(2)(2016·全国卷乙书面表达)So
I
have
no
choice
but
to
bother
you
to
correct
my
mistakes
in
the
material
I
attach
to
the
letter.
(3)She
found
herself
growing
deeply
attached(attach)
to
the
handsome
boy.
——一句多译
他如此迷恋网络游戏以至于他经常旷课。
(4)He
is
so_attached_to_the_network_games_that
he
is
often
absent
from
class.
(5)So_attached_to_the_network_games，he
is
often
absent
from
class.(过去分词短语作状语)
(6)Attaching_himself_to_the_network_games_so_much，he
is
often
absent
from
class.(现在分词短语作状语)
bear
vt.(bore，borne/born)携带；容忍；忍受，忍耐；负担，承担；生育
(2016·浙江高考书面表达)However，a
plan
can
bear
no
fruit
without
being
actually
carried
out.
然而，一个计划不实际付诸于实施是无用的。
——写出下列句中bear的含义
(1)It
would
be
unjust
for
him
to
bear
the
great
expenses
personally.承担
(2)I
can’t
bear
young
people
casting
away
their
youth.忍受
(3)She
bore
him
three
sons，but
she
was
deserted
by
him.生育
eq
\a\vs4\al()
can’t
bear
doing/to
do
sth.
不能忍受做某事
bear
sb./sb.’s
doing
忍受某人做某事
bear
sth.in
mind
牢记某事
She
can’t
bear
to
be
parted
from
her
baby
daughter.
她受不了和她刚出生的女儿分开。
The
teacher
always
asks
his
students
to
keep/bear
it
in
mind
that
sometimes
the
rough
road
is
the
only
access
to
the
peak.
老师总是告诫同学们，有时艰难的道路是通向顶峰的唯一途径。
表示“忍耐，忍受”的单词和短语还有：stand,
tolerate,
put
up
with等。
How
could
these
animals
stand
the
hot
weather
there
这些动物怎么受得了那里如此炎热的天气？
Some
old
people
don’t
like
pop
songs
because
they
can’t
tolerate
much
noise.
一些老年人不喜欢流行歌曲，因为他们受不了大的噪音。
We
can’t
change
the
bad
weather,
so
we
must
put
up
with
it. 我们改变不了这种坏天气，所以只好忍受它。
——单句语法填空
(1)I
can’t
bear
people
smoking(smoke)
while
they’re
eating.
(2)You
must
bear
it
in
mind
that
your
parents
hope
to
depend
on
you
to
become
a
good
doctor.
(3)—Why
did
Bob
cry
—He
couldn’t
bear
being_laughed/to_be_laughed(laugh)
at
before
the
whole
class.
——单句写作
(4)(福建高考书面表达)妈妈经常提醒我要记住“失败乃成功之母”。
My
mother
often
reminds
me
to
bear_in_mind_that_failure_is_the_mother_of_success．
(5)他是一个总是吃苦在前，
享乐在后的人。
He
is
always
the
first
to_bear_hardships
and
the
last
to
enjoy
comforts.
forgive
vt.
(forgave，forgiven)宽恕，饶恕；原谅
(经典例句)She
eventually
forgave
him
for
forgetting
her
birthday
the
other
day.
不久前的一天她终于原谅了他忘记自己生日的这件事。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
forgive
me
请原谅；对不起
forgive
one’s
doing
sth.
原谅某人做了某事
forgive
sb.
for
(doing)
sth.
原谅某人(做了)某事
forgive
and
forget
摒弃前嫌
Forgive
me
for
having
taken
up
so
much
of
your
time
and
accept
my
best
wishes
for
your
health
and
happiness.
请原谅我耽搁了你这么多时间，
并接受我极其诚恳的祝福：
祝你健康幸福。
Believe
it
or
not,
I’ll
forgive
you
the
debt.
vt.
免除(债务)
——单句语法填空
(1)Being_forgiven(forgive)
for
the
past
is
the
most
precious
gift
we
can
receive.
(2)Forgive
me
for
interrupting,
but
I
really
don’t
agree
with
that.
(3)When
she
realized
what
she
had
done，she
begged
his
forgiveness(forgive)．
——高考小作文
(4)(江苏高考书面表达)不计前嫌也是一种美德，
尤其是在竞争如此激烈、
压力如此沉重的社会中。
It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget,_especially
in
such
a
competitive
and
stressful
society.
get
used
to 习惯于
(教材P36)You’re
going
to
have
to
get
used
to
bacon
and
eggs
with
a
few
slices
of
toast
for
breakfast
over
here，Aunt
Mei!
梅姨，你得适应这里咸肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
be/become/grow/get
used/accustomed
to
(doing)
sth. 习惯于(做)某事
be
used
to
do
sth.
被用来做某事
used
to
do
sth.
过去常常做某事(暗示现在已经不做了)
The
Internet
can
be
used
to
get
large
amounts
of
information.
网络可以被用来获取大量的信息。
We
used
to
sit
in
the
yard
every
evening
and
to
listen
to
my
grandpa
tell
stories.
我们过去常常每天晚上坐在院子里，听我爷爷讲故事。
——单句改错
(1)He
moved
to
this
city.
A
few
months
later,
he
got
used
to
live
here.
live→living
(2)The
engineer
used
to
doing
some
walking
near
the
river,
but
now
he
has
quit
it.
doing→do
contrary
to
与……相反
(经典例句)My
sister’s
taste
in
dresses
is
contrary
to
my
own.
在服装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
on
the
contrary
(与……所说的)正相反；相反，反之
to
the
contrary
相反的；相反地
Contrary
to
popular
belief，the
animals
do
not
often
attack
humans.
和人们通常的看法相反，动物并不会经常攻击人类。
It
wasn’t
a
good
thing；on
the
contrary,
it
was
a
huge
mistake.
这不是件好事情，正相反，是个巨大的错误。
——单句语法填空
(1)Contrary
to
his
parents’
advice,
he
dropped
his
study.
(2)It
doesn’t
seem
ugly
to
me;
on
the
contrary,
I
think
it’s
rather
beautiful.
bring
an
end
to... 结束；制止
(教材P46)The
arrival
of
white
people
gradually
brought
an
end
to
the
traditional
Aboriginal
way
of
life.
白人的到来逐渐结束了传统的土著居民的生活方式。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)come
to
an
end
结束
bring/put
sth.to
an
end＝bring/put
an
end
to
sth.
结束……
make
(both)
ends
meet
使收支相抵，量入为出
be
at
an
end
结束
(2)end
up
with
以……结束
end
up
doing
sth.
最终/最后做某事
All
good
things
will
come
to
an
end，so
you
needn’t
feel
depressed.
一切美好事物终有结束之时，所以你不必消沉。
Since
John
lost
his
job，we
can
hardly
make
ends
meet.
自从约翰失业以来，我们简直难以维持生计了。
——单句语法填空
(1)Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep，and
you
may
just
end
up
with
sweet
dreams.
(2)If
you
don’t
know
what
you
want，you
might
end
up
getting(get)
something
you
don’t
want.
(3)He
has
decided
to
put
an
end
to
his
quarrel
with
his
wife.
(4)The
meeting
was
nearly
at
an
end
when
I
got
to
the
meeting
room.
(教材P40)When
I
first
arrived
in
San
Francisco，I
had
a
difficult
time
understanding
certain
aspects
of
the
American
way
of
doing
things.
刚到旧金山时，有段时间我感到很难理解美国人在某些方面的处事方式。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
have
a
difficult
time
(in)
doing
sth.意为“做某事有困难”。表示“做某事有困难”的表达方法还有：
(1)have
difficulty/trouble
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事有困难
(2)have
difficulty/trouble
with
sth.
在某方面有困难
When
he
was
on
the
new
land，he
had
a
difficult
time
in
understanding
the
local
people. 当他刚到这个新的地方时，他有段时间很难理解当地人的话。
He
has
much
difficulty/trouble
with
his
English
pronunciation. 他在英语发音方面有很大困难。
have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.中的difficulty
为不可数名词，difficulty前可用some，any，no，little，great，much等词来修饰。
——单句语法填空
(1)I
have
never
known
that
my
son
had
much
difficulty
dealing(deal)
with
his
studies.
(2)He
would
talk
about
the
great
difficulty
he
had
settling(settle)
in
the
new
country.
(3)There
is
much
difficulty
to_overcome(overcome)
if
he
wants
to
succeed.
——句式升级
(4)You
can
hardly
imagine
the
difficulty.I
had
great
difficulty
in
looking
after
these
noisy
children.
→You
can
hardly
imagine
the_great_difficulty_I_had_in_looking_after
these
noisy
children.(用定语从句连接句子)
(教材P40)I
had
a
similar
experience
the
last
time
I
visited
China.
上次我到中国参观时也有同样的经历。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
句中the
last
time相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。
(1)英语中，一些名词短语可以充当时间状语从句的引导词：
the
first/second/third...time
第一/二/三……次
the
moment/the
minute/the
instant
一……就……
every/each
time
每次，每当
next
time
下次
(2)有些副词或介词短语也可以充当时间状语从句的引导词：
immediately/directly/instantly
一……就……
by
the
time...
到……时
He
didn’t
tell
me
anything
the
last
time
I
saw
him
in
the
street. 上次我在街上见到他时，他什么也没告诉我。
I
think
of
the
happy
time
we
spent
together
every
time
I
see
these
photos.
每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。
——单句改错
(1)The
first
time
when
I
saw
this
little
girl，I
knew
I
had
to
help
her.
去掉when
(2)By
the
time
he
arrived
there,
he
found
that
the
train
has
already
left.
has→had
(3)The
baby
began
to
smile
happily
immediate
it
saw
its
mother.
immediate→immediately
Some
places，like
Uluru，were
sacred
because
they
were
associated
with
the
“Dreamtime”，the
time
when
the
Earth
was
formed
and
cycles
of
life
and
nature
began.
该句是一个复合句。because引导原因状语从句；the
time
是the
“Dreamtime”的同位语，其后的when引导了一个定语从句，修饰先行词
the_time。
有些地方——像乌鲁鲁——曾是神圣的，因为它们与“梦想时代”相联系，那时地球开始形成，且生命和自然的周期刚刚开始。
单句语法填空
1．She
couldn’t
bear
losing(lose)
the
money
for
which
she
had
risked
her
life.
2．So
absorbed(absorb)
were
the
children
in
their
game
that
they
didn’t
feel
hungry
at
all.
3．Owing(owe)
to
Lucy’s
timely
help，we
finished
all
the
work
on
time.
4．One
third
of
the
country
is
covered
with
trees
and
the
majority
of
the
citizens
are(be)
black
people.
5．The
photo
attached(attach)
to
the
application
was
sometimes
that
of
a
very
good－looking
person.
6．Although
the
dragon
is
quite
familiar
to
most
Chinese，nobody
has
ever
seen
a
real
one.
7．The
girls
standing(stand)
under
that
tree
are
the
most
excellent
students
in
our
class.
8．I
regret
to_tell(tell)
you
that
the
sports
meeting
has
been
put
off
till
next
Sunday.
9．It
is
reasonable(reason)
to
assume
that
these
measures
will
prove
successful.
10．Our
English
teacher
made
a
request
that
we
(should)_finish(finish)
our
project
before
Friday.
单句改错
1．The
boy
lay
on
the
ground，stared
at
the
blue
sky.stared→staring
2．Hearing
the
exciting
news,
the
boy
couldn’t
help
jump
with
joy.
jump→_jumping
3．Absorbing
in
the
book，she
didn’t
notice
that
the
teacher
entered.Absorbing→Absorbed
4．It
is
requested
that
everyone
would
not
take
the
books
home.would→should
5．The
vase
belonged
to
an
old
farmer
was
stolen
last
night.belonged→belonging
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I
have
been
so
busy
adapting
myself
1.to
culture
shock.I’m
looking
forward
to
2.seeing(see)
you
in
a
week
and
while
you
are
visiting
me
in
London，I’ll
pay
for
anything.3.Knowing(know)
that
you’ve
never
travelled
outside
Asia，I’ll
tell
you
a
bit
about
4.what
you
can
expect
to
find.There
are
people
from
all
over
the
world
5.living(live)
here，so
there
are
many
international
restaurants
and
almost
every
town
has
at
6.least(little)
one
Chinese
restaurant.In
addition，you
need
to
learn
something
about
a
tip
to
avoid
7.getting(get)
confused
about
the
British
tipping
system.If
the
8.service(serve)
is
good，you
can
leave
10%
of
9.the
bill
for
them.We
can
go
hiking
while
you
10.are_staying(stay)
here.Even
though
British
humour
maybe
makes
you
amazed，the
majority
of
British
people
are
friendly.
教材与短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
A
mix
of
different
cultures
is
the
great
thing
about
Australian
culture.
Its
early
settlers
were
most
English
and
Irish，but
since
1945，the
population
become
more
and
more
mixed
with
people
from
Southern
Europe
and
Asia.Kangaroos
are
taste.
In
Melbourne，the
only
place
we
ever
see
kangaroos
is
on
the
menu
in
a
restaurant.
You
mainly
see
kangaroos
in
the
area
of
desert
at
the
middle
of
Australia.
This
is
a
great
place
for
camping
but
you
have
to
look
out
for
snakes
and
spiders—Australia
has
some
of
a
most
dangerous
snakes
and
spiders
in
the
world.
I
can’t
bear
the
way
the
native
Australians
have
been
treated.They
are
now
a
minority
group
and
most
of
whom
live
in
terrible
condition.The
government
is
trying
to
improve
things，and
it
seems
a
bit
of
late.
I
wonder
that
they’ll
ever
forgive
the
way
they
have
been
treated.
答案：
A
mix
of
different
cultures
is
the
great
thing
about
Australian
culture.
Its
early
settlers
were
English
and
Irish，but
since
1945，the
population
become
more
and
more
mixed
with
people
from
Southern
Europe
and
Asia.Kangaroos
are
.
In
Melbourne，the
only
place
we
ever
see
kangaroos
is
on
the
menu
in
a
restaurant.
You
mainly
see
kangaroos
in
the
area
of
desert
the
middle
of
Australia.
This
is
a
great
place
for
camping
but
you
have
to
look
out
for
snakes
and
spiders—Australia
has
some
of
most
dangerous
snakes
and
spiders
in
the
world.
I
can’t
bear
the
way
the
native
Australians
have
been
treated.They
are
now
a
minority
group
and
most
of
live
in
terrible
.The
government
is
trying
to
improve
things，
it
seems
a
bit
late.
I
wonder
they’ll
ever
forgive
the
way
they
have
been
treated.
教材与话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．我们知道，国家之间存在着许多文化差异。我们大部分人对这些差异并不是很熟悉。(familiar)2．当你与外国人交谈时，盯着对方看是不礼貌的。(exchange；stare
at)3．在海外旅行时，习惯于不同国家的风俗与传统是很重要的。(get
used
to)
4．如果你撞到别人身上，你应该向对方道歉。(apology)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
As
we
know，there
are
many
cultural
differences
between
countries
and
most
of
us
are
not
familiar
with
them.When
you
are
exchanging
words
with
a
foreigner,
it
is
bad
manners
to
stare
at
him/her.When
you
are
travelling
overseas，it
is
important
to
get
used
to
the
customs
and
traditions
of
different
countries.If
you
knock
into
someone，you
should
make
an
apology
to
him/her.
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
阅读理解
A
(2017·河北衡水高三期末)It’s
often
interesting
to
take
a
look
at
some
of
the
lists
that
arrive
toward
the
end
of
the
year
such
as
top
devices,
best
gadgets(小玩意，小配件),
most
desirable
high tech
gift
and
more.Apart
from
cell
phones
and
tablets,
and
Apple
and
Samsung
products,
this
year
many
other
gadgets
made
it
on
the
most
wanted
list
from
Yahoo
Tech
and
the
most
searched
list
from
.Read
on
to
find
out
what
they
are.
Wireless
headphone
Portable
Bluetooth
headphones
represent
the
next
evolution
in
headphone
technology.If
you
have
a
compatible(兼容的)
smartphone
with
Bluetooth,
the
obvious
benefit
is
that
you
can
get
rid
of
the
wires
snaking
from
your
backpack
or
pocket.Many
of
the
wireless
headphones
in
the
market
also
have
a
built in
microphone
for
taking
calls
hands free.
Product
to
buy:
Beats
Studio
Wireless
Features:
Signature
look,
and
powerful
audio
performance
with
intense
bass
and
high mid
boosting,
plus
plenty
of
accessories.
Price:
1，898
yuan
Smartwatch
The
primary
advantage
of
smartwatches
over
traditional
watches
is
that
they
reduce
how
smartphones
go
right
to
your
wrist,
and
you
can
decide
first
if
they
are
worth
dealing
with.
Product
to
buy:
Pebble
smartwatch
Features:
Understated
design,
with
easy
setup
and
instant
information,
and
customizable
watch
faces,
plus
in
sync(同步)
with
Android
or
IOS.
Price:
$99
(about
612
yuan)
Portable
Bluetooth
speaker
Bluetooth
speakers
are
steadily
growing
in
popularity
because
they
let
you
take
the
party
anywhere.They
can
be
paired
with
your
music
device,
and
they
are
able
to
withstand
incidental
bumps.Though
small
in
size,
Bluetooth
speakers
provide
a
steady
soundtrack
for
even
the
lengthiest
bacchanalia(狂欢)．
Product
to
buy:
Logitech
UE
Boom
Features:
Water
and
stain
resistant,
360 degree
sound,
15 hour
battery
life,
with
a
variety
of
color
patterns.
Price:
1，499
yuan
Fitness
band
Basically,
fitness
bands
are
smartwatches
without
the
watch.They
keep
track
of
your
exercise
progress
and,
at
the
same
time,
allow
you
to
monitor
vitals
such
as
your
heart
rate,
calories
burned
and
amount
of
time
spent
exercising.Some
even
monitor
your
sleep
patterns.
Product
to
buy:
Fitbit
Flex
Features:
Long
battery
life(five
days),
with
silent
vibrating
alarm,
and
wireless
syncing
to
smartphones.
Price:
898
yuan
【解题导语】 本文是一篇广告信息类应用文。文章介绍了几款当下流行的电子产品。
1．How
much
money
is
he
likely
to
spend
on
some
of
the
products
if
a
man
is
an
enthusiastic
musical
fan
A．2，510
yuan.
B．3，397
yuan.
C．2，397
yuan.
D．1，510
yuan.
B 解析：数字计算题。根据Wireless
headphone(无线耳机)
的描述“powerful
audio
performance(强大的音频性能)”，价钱是1
898元，以及Portable
Bluetooth
speaker(便携式蓝牙音箱)的描述“They
can
be
paired
with
your
music
device(他们可以与您的音乐设备配对)”，
价钱是1
499元，所以，音乐爱好者可能买这两样产品，总价为1
898＋1
499＝3
397(元)。
2．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true
according
to
the
passage A．Tablets
are
on
the
most
wanted
list
of
high tech
products
of
this
year.
B．Beats
Studio
Wireless
features
plenty
of
accessories.
C．Smartwatch
and
Fitness
band
are
similar
products
to
some
extent.
D．All
the
products
can
sync
with
Android
or
IOS.
D 解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，只有Smartwatch提到了可以与Android和IOS系统同步，
其他产品都没提到，
所以D项错误。其他选项的描述都与文章的内容相符。
3．Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
summarize
the
common
feature
of
the
above
products
A．Wearable.
B．Cheap.
C．Android.
D．Wireless.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中关键词“Wireless
headphone”“in
sync(同步)
with
Android
or
IOS”“Portable
Bluetooth
speaker”“wireless
syncing
to
smartphones”可知它们都支持无线传输，
所以可以用wireless来形容，
故选D。
B
(2017·河北石家庄第一次模拟)When
I
was
about
ten
years
old,
I
was
walking
down
the
street
with
my
mother.She
stopped
to
speak
to
Mr.Lee,
and
I
knew
I
could
see
Mr.Lee
any
time
around
the
neighborhood,
so
I
didn’t
pay
any
attention
to
him.After
we
passed
Mr.Lee,
my
mother
stopped
me
and
said
something
that
has
stuck
with
me
from
that
day
until
now.She
said，“You
let
that
be
the
last
time
you’ve
ever
walked
by
somebody
and
not
opened
up
your
mouth
to
speak,
because
even
a
dog
will
wag
its
tail
when
it
passes
you
on
the
street.”
Mother’s
words
sound
simple,
but
it’s
been
a
guidepost
for
me
and
the
foundation
of
who
I
am.
It’s
not
just
something
I
believe
in;
it’s
become
a
way
of
life.I
believe
that
every
person
deserves
to
feel
someone
acknowledge
their
presence,
no
matter
how
humble(卑微的)
they
may
be.
At
work,
I
always
said
hello
to
the
founder
of
the
company
and
asked
him
how
our
business
was
doing.But
I
also
spoke
to
the
people
who
cleaned
the
buildings
and
asked
how
their
children
were
doing.After
a
few
years
of
greeting
the
founder,
I
had
the
courage
to
ask
him
for
a
meeting.We
had
a
great
talk.At
a
certain
point
I
asked
him
how
far
he
thought
I
could
go
in
his
company.He
said,
“If
you
want
to,
you
can
get
all
the
way
to
this
seat.”
I’ve
become
vice
president,
but
that
hasn’t
changed
the
way
I
approach
people.I
still
follow
my
mother’s
advice.I
speak
to
everyone
I
see,
no
matter
where
I
am.I’ve
learned
that
speaking
to
people
creates
a
pathway
into
their
world,
and
it
allows
them
to
come
into
mine,
too.
【解题导语】 作者小时候因为在路上没有给邻居打招呼而受到了母亲的批评。母亲的话使作者悟出了主动与别人交流的重要性。
4．What
did
the
author
do
when
he
met
Mr.Lee
A．He
talked
with
somebody
else.
B．He
was
attracted
by
a
dog.
C．He
greeted
him
politely.
D．He
ignored
him.
D 解析：
细节理解题。根据第一段的“so
I
didn’t
pay
any
attention
to
him”可知，作者的母亲与邻居说话时，作者没有在意邻居，故选D。
5．What
kind
of
person
is
the
author’s
mother
A．Optimistic.
B．Kind hearted.
C．Strict.
D．Open minded.
C 解析：
推理判断题。根据第一段的“You
let
that
be
the
last
time
you’ve
ever
walked
by
somebody...because
even
a
dog
will
wag
its
tail
when
it
passes
you
on
the
street.”可推知，母亲对作者很严格。
6．How
did
the
company
founder
reply
to
the
author
A．He
played
a
joke.
B．He
inspired
him.
C．He
invited
him
to
coffee.
D．He
gave
him
the
seat.
B 解析：
推理判断题。根据第三段的“If
you
want
to,
you
can
get
all
the
way
to
this
seat.”可知，公司的创办人说如果作者想要在公司获得很大发展，他完全可以坐到创办人的位置，由此可推知，这位领导在鼓励作者。
7．What
does
the
author
think
of
saying
hello
to
people
A．It
can
build
connections
with
others.
B．It’s
a
way
to
show
sympathy
to
humble
people.
C．It’s
a
must
to
become
a
president.
D．It
can
bring
him
what
he
wants.
A 解析：
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“speaking
to
people
creates
a
pathway
into
their
world,
and
it
allows
them
to
come
into
mine,
too”可知，向别人问候有助于建立人际关系，故选A。
C
(2017·泰安一轮检测)
It
was
once
the
cornerstone
of
polite
communication—but
it
seems
that
among
today’s
children
letter
writing
is
a
dying
art.
More
than
a
quarter
of
seven
to
14 year olds
have
not
written
a
letter
in
the
past
year，and
one
in
ten
has
never
written
one,
according
to
a
new
survey.But
the
study
by
World
Vision
to
mark
its
National
Letter
Writing
Day
found
that
in
the
previous
week
half
of
youngsters
had
written
an
e mail
or
posted
a
quick
message
on
a
social
networking
site.
“Handwritten
letters
are
much
more
personal
than
electronic
communication，”said
child
education
expert
Sue
Palmer,
author
of
Toxic
Childhood.“If
children
do
not
write
or
receive
letters
they
miss
out
on
key
developmental
benefits.”
“By
going
to
the
trouble
of
physically
committing
words
to
paper,
the
writer
shows
their
investment
of
time
and
effort
in
a
relationship.That’s
why
we
tend
to
hang
on
to
personal
letters
as
keepsakes
(纪念品)．The
effort
of
writing
is
a
very
real
one
for
a
child.Painstakingly
manoeuvring
the
pencil
across
the
page，thinking
of
the
best
words
to
convey
a
message，struggling
with
spelling
and
punctuation，it’s
an
effort
worth
making,
because
it’s
only
through
practice
that
we
become
truly
literate(能读会写的)—and
literacy
is
the
hallmark
of
human
civilization.”
BBC
broadcaster
and
former
headteacher,
Roy
Noble,
said
while
he
can
understand
that
this
generation
of
children
use
texts
and
e mails
to
communicate，he
believes
you
can’t
beat
an
old fashioned
letter
for
that
personal
touch.
“It’s
easy
to
see
why
children
are
getting
out
of
the
habit
of
writing
letters,
but
there
is
a
certain
charm
that
comes
with
a
letter
arriving
in
the
post
among
the
usual
brown
envelopes
and
circulars，”
he
said
“I
think
it
is
important
for
children
to
know
how
to
set
out
a
letter，with
the
correct
terms
for
personal
and
professional
occasions.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的发展，电子设备在孩子们之中盛行，电话短信和电子邮件代替了手写书信，这使得传统书信艺术正在消亡。
8．What
does
the
study
by
World
Vision
show
A．National
Letter
Writing
Day
is
coming.
B．More
children
take
up
writing
letters.
C．Letter
writing
is
popular
with
youngsters.
D．The
art
of
letter
writing
is
fading
away.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“But
the
study
by
World
Vision
to
mark
its
National
Letter
Writing
Day
found
that
in
the
previous
week
half
of
youngsters
had
written
an
e mail
or
posted
a
quick
message
on
a
social
networking
site.”可推知，现在手写书信正在衰退，逐渐被电子邮件等所替代。故D项符合题意。
9．According
to
Sue
Palmer，________．
A．personal
letters
can
be
kept
as
keepsakes
B．letter
writing
is
important
for
children’s
development
C．electronic
communication
is
more
personal
D．literacy
plays
no
role
in
a
relationship
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“If
children
do
not
write
or
receive
letters
they
miss
out
on
key
developmental
benefits.”可推知，写信对孩子们的发展很重要。故B项符合题意。
10．What
does
the
underlined
word
“manoeuvring”
in
Paragraph
4
mean
A．Holding.
B．Carving.
C．Moving.
D．Breaking.
C 解析：词义猜测题。联系上下文可知，对于写字所作出的努力是一个孩子真正所需要的。费力地在纸上移动铅笔，考虑传递信息的每一个单词，因为拼写和标点而挣扎，那是值得做的。C项意为“移动”，与画线词意义相近。故C项符合题意。
11．What’s
the
attitude
of
Roy
Noble
towards
electronic
communication
A．Understandable.
B．Skeptical.
C．Negative.
D．Pessimistic.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中Roy
Noble的话可知，他理解这一代孩子使用短信和电子邮件来进行交流，但他相信这不能抹杀代表着私人接触的老式信件。故可知Roy
Noble对孩子们使用电子设备进行交流是可以理解的。故A项符合题意。
D
(2017·辽宁沈阳一模)When
going
through
major
life
changes,
like
changing
careers,
I
would
change
the
people
with
whom
I
spent
the
most
time.We’ve
all
gone
through
periods
when
the
people
in
our
lives
have
changed—graduation,
moving
to
a
new
city,
getting
a
new
job,
joining
a
new
club,
etc.I
don’t
think
I
need
to
convince
you
just
how
much
influence
other
people
can
have
over
your
identity.If
you’ve
ever
experienced
a
major
switch
in
your
people
environment,
then
you
know
that
you
change
as
well.
Most
people
don’t
make
these
choices
consciously
(意识到地)
though.You
might
consciously
decide
to
spend
more
time
with
a
certain
friend,
or
you
may
ask
someone
out
on
a
date
to
begin
a
new
relationship.But
few
people
choose
their
existing
friendships
deliberately.
There’s_no_“getting_rid_of_people”．People
are
always
dropping
into
and
out
of
each
other’s
lives.Associations
grow
into
friendships,
and
friendships
fade
into
associations.You
don’t
get
rid
of
anyone.The
truth
is
that
in
order
to
make
room
for
new
people
and
new
experiences,
you
may
need
to
loosen
up
some
of
your
existing
connections.
What
about
loyalty(忠诚)
Shouldn’t
you
always
be
loyal
to
your
friends
Once
you
have
a
close
friend,
even
if
their
influence
on
you
is
slightly
harmful,
shouldn’t
you
stick
by
them
Loyalty
to
a
friend
sometimes
means
having
to
let
go.It
means
being
loyal
to
their
highest
and
best
self
as
well.If
someone
is
destroying
his
health
by
smoking,
for
example,
you
aren’t
showing
loyalty
by
smoking
right
along
with
him.True
loyalty
sometimes
requires
that
you
break
damaging
connections,
get
yourself
back
on
solid
ground,
and
then
decide
what
you
can
really
do
to
help
your
friend.
It
can
take
a
lot
of
courage
to
tell
someone，“I’m
sorry,
but
I
can’t
have
you
in
my
life
anymore.”But
even
though
this
might
seem
like
a
selfish
act
at
times,
it’s
often
the
best
thing
for
the
other
person
too.If
a
relationship
is
holding
you
back
in
some
way,
understand
that
it’s
also
hurting
the
other
person.For
example,
if
you
work
for
a
violent
boss,
your
acceptance
of
that
situation
is
considered
to
be
silent
approval,
encouraging
your
boss
to
continue
to
behave
violently.
12．When
experiencing
major
life
changes,
people
may
________．
A．join
a
new
social
community
B．influence
their
friends
around
C．choose
their
friendships
purposely
D．have
their
people
environment
changed
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“When
going
through
major
life
changes...I
would
change
the
people
with
whom
I
spent
the
most
time...experienced
a
major
switch
in
your
people
environment”可知，当经历人生重大改变时，人们也会经历人际环境的改变。即
D
项正确。
13．What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
3
mean
A．Everyone
has
at
least
one
friend.
B．It
is
unnecessary
to
make
new
friends.
C．Friendship
still
exists
though
there’s
less
connection.
D．You
ought
to
treat
your
old
and
new
friend
equally.
C 解析：句意理解题。根据画线句后的“People
are
always
dropping
into
and
out
of
each
other’s
lives.Associations
grow
into
friendships,
and
friendships
fade
into
associations.You
don’t
get
rid
of
anyone...you
may
need
to...existing
connections.”可知，尽管人们之间的联系少了，但友谊依然存在。故选C项。
14．What
is
the
author’s
opinion
on
the
loyalty
to
friends
A．Never
betray
your
close
friends
whatever
happens.
B．Correct
their
mistakes
while
you
guard
their
goodness.
C．Stick
by
your
friends
even
though
they
do
harm
to
you.
D．Break
up
with
your
friends
immediately
if
they
smoke.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的第二句和最后一句可知，作者对朋友忠诚的态度是捍卫他们的优点但也要纠正错误，即B项正确。
15．How
should
we
behave
when
employed
by
a
violent
boss
A．We
should
accept
what
we
are
told
to
do.
B．We
should
stay
silent
and
be
in
favor
of
it.
C．We
should
bravely
disobey
him
if
he
is
wrong.
D．We
should
give
our
boss
courage
to
continue.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“your
acceptance
of
that
situation
is
considered
to
be
silent
approval,
encouraging
your
boss
to
continue
to
behave
violently”可知，如果老板错了，员工就要勇敢地不去服从，即C项正确。
七选五
Alone
But
Not
Lonely
(2017·广州综合测试)In
today’s
fast paced
society,
we’ve
become
uncomfortable
with
silence.We
try
to
find
different
types
of
activities
that
can
help
us
escape
feelings
of
laziness
or
boredom.1.________Solitude
(独处)
does
not
have
to
be
uncomfortable
or
lonely.In
fact,
solitude
and
loneliness
are
very
different
things.
The
death
of
a
loved
one
or
the
inability
to
find
people
who
understand
you
can
leave
you
feeling
lonely.Even
if
you
are
surrounded
by
other
people,
it’s
natural
to
experience
an
emptiness
while
longing
for
love
or
acceptance.2.________
Geoffrey
F．Fisher
once
said，“In
cities,
no
one
is
quiet
but
many
are
lonely.3.________”
We
often
fill
loneliness
with
all
types
of
unsatisfying
activities.Young
people
would
rather
spend
a
Friday
night
out
with
strangers,
than
spend
the
night
alone.They’re
looking
for
a
way
to
kill
time
while
they
await
true
friendship.Then
there
are
young
adults
in
gangs
where
they
don’t
really
like
their
companions.4.________Why
does
being
alone
scare
us
Do
not
be
afraid
of
silence.5.________It
teaches
you
how
to
truly
listen.It
teaches
you
to
pay
attention
to
what’s
going
on
inside
of
you.Only
when
we
are
alone
can
we
have
the
space
and
peace
we
need
to
think
without
being
outwardly
influenced.It
therefore
becomes
easier
to
make
important
decisions
as
well
as
to
reflect
on
how
we
are
feeling.
A．Loneliness
is
therefore
a
feeling
that
can
be
experienced
whether
or
not
one
is
physically
alone.
B．They
would
rather
feel
accepted
on
a
shallow
level
than
risk
feeling
alone.
C．The
problem
of
loneliness
can
be
easily
solved
in
a
modern
world.
D．But,
when
doing
so,
the
main
thing
we
are
trying
to
avoid
is
loneliness.
E．In
the
country,
people
are
quiet
but
few
are
lonely.
F．It
can
provide
you
with
amazing
benefits.
G．It
guides
you
through
hardships.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。在当今快节奏的社会中，我们无法在安静中做到平静。但是，独处并不意味着孤独。独处自有它的魅力。
1．D 解析：根据上文可知，在当今快节奏的社会，我们设法参加各种活动以摆脱懒散和无聊。根据下文可知，独处不一定就是不舒服抑或孤独，事实上它和孤独是两回事。D项“但当这样去做时，我们试图避免的主要问题就是孤独”与上下文紧密联系，说的是上述各种摆脱懒散和无聊的活动其实是为了逃脱孤独。故D项正确。
2．A 解析：根据上文可知，在你渴望爱与接受时，即使你周围有很多人，你也会感到空虚。A项“因此孤独是一种感觉，无论一个人是否是独自一人都能体会到这种感觉”是对上文孤独含义的阐述。故A项正确。
3．E 解析：根据Geoffrey
F．Fisher所说的话可知，此处是把城市和乡村里人们对孤独的感受进行对比。E项“在农村，人们很安静，但是没几个人感觉孤独”符合语境。故E项正确。
4．B 解析：根据上文可知，年轻人宁愿和陌生人一起也不愿独自待一个晚上。他们寻找消磨时间的方式，同时也渴望真正的友谊。因此年轻人在一起拉帮结派，但并不喜欢自己的伙伴。根据下文可知，为什么独处让我们这样害怕呢？由此可知，B项“他们宁愿从表面上被人接受也不愿冒感觉孤独的风险”与上下文紧密联系。故B项正确。
5．F 解析：根据上文可知，不要害怕沉默，下文讲到沉默的种种好处。由此可知，F项“它能给你带来令人惊叹的好处”能引起下文，符合语境。故F项正确。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
完形填空
Sitting
here，I
go
through
my
mum’s
old
journals，reading
them
very
differently
from
the
first
time
I
found
them.
It
was
a
number
of
years
ago，when
I
was
twelve，I
found
__1__
just
lying
around
her
__2__
room.That
day
I
read
each
line
with
growing
__3__
and
horror.I
couldn’t
believe
that
woman
who
fed
me
as
a
baby
and
read
me
fairy
tales
had
written
this.I
will
never
forget
the
first
line
I
read:
“They
all
want
to
take
me
away
and
__4__
me！”
__5__
I
thought
of
the
other
day，when
she
was
__6__
around
the
house.I
was
sitting
at
the
dining
room
table
with
my
grandmother，working
on
a
five thousand piece
puzzle
(拼图)
that
takes
a
__7__
to
solve.Suddenly，the
front
door
was
violently
thrown
open.My
mother
ran
in
screaming
at
the
top
of
her
lungs.
Then
she
ran
into
the
room
and
shoved
(推)
our
puzzle
off
the
table，smashing
it
into
the
five
thousand
pieces
we
had
__8__．It
scared
me.__9__，something
was
__10__
my
mother.
My
__11__
ended
then，when
the
doctor
told
me
she
had
hallucinations
(幻想症)．I
started
to
understand
that
her
illness
wasn’t
something
I
could
__12__．That
was
when
I
realized
that
other
kids
always__13__
she
was
different
when
they
came
over
to
play.
I
always
wondered
__14__
I
could
do
but
there
is
no
solution.But
dealing
with
my
mother
has
given
me
a
different
outlook
on
life.I
try
not
to
__15__
my
problems.If
my
mum
starts
making
strange
remarks，I
leave
the
room
and
call
someone.Just
__16__
is
one
of
the
best
relaxing
ways
in
the
world.If
there’s
no
one
to
talk
to，I
__17__
the
violin
or
some
other
hobbies
to
forget
about
things
for
a
time.
As
I
think
about
the
past，I
see
that
mum
was
__18__
an
entire
life.Thankfully，I
haven’t
been.To
me，each
day
is
just
one
piece
of
the
__19__，one
piece
among
the
thousands
we
spend
our
lives
putting
together，hoping
it
won’t
__20__．
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者的母亲患有幻想症。母亲患病使他意识到童年已经结束了，但是他并没有怨天尤人，而是积极地生活。
1.A.them
B．those
C．it
D．myself
A 解析：根据上文中的“I
go
through
my
mum’s
old
journals”和“I
found
them”可知，选A。
2．A.empty
B．strange
C．clear
D．messy
D 解析：根据空前的“lying
around”并结合下文母亲患有幻想症可知，此处表示“凌乱的(messy)房间”。故选D。
3．A.joy
B．astonishment
C．doubt
D．happiness
B 解析：根据下文的“I
couldn’t
believe
that
woman
who
fed
me
as
a
baby
and
read
me
fairy
tales
had
written
this.”可知，本处应为“惊讶(astonishment)”。故选B。
4．A.protect
B．comfort
C．kill
D．confirm
C 解析：根据下文内容可知，母亲患有幻想症，故本处是指母亲幻想的内容“他们全部想带走我，然后杀(kill)了我”。故选C。
5．A.Yet
B．Then
C．However
D．Though
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者看着母亲写的那些话，然后想起了12岁时母亲发病的那天。故选B。
6．A.nervous
B．relaxed
C．angry
D．surprised
C 解析：根据下文中的“Suddenly，the
front
door
was
violently
thrown
open.”和“Then
she
ran
into
the
room
and
shoved
(推)
our
puzzle
off
the
table，smashing
it
into
the
five
thousand
pieces”可知，母亲生气(angry)了。故选C。
7．A.lifetime
B．day
C．minute
D．moment
A 解析：根据本句中的“a
five thousand piece
puzzle(拼图)”可知，拼图需要很长的时间才能拼好。本处用“a
lifetime(一生)”来形象地表明需要很长的时间。故选A。
8．A.prepared
B．made
C．begun
with
D．looked
for
C 解析：母亲将拼图从桌子上推了下去，打碎了我们已经开始(begun
with)的部分。故选C。
9．A.Luckily
B．Even
C．Still
D．Obviously
D 解析：根据语境可知，显然(Obviously)母亲有毛病了。故选D。
10．A.wrong
with
B．connected
with
C．cautious
abou
D．worried
about
A 解析：参见上题解析。故选A。
11．A.hard
time
B．childhood
C．bad
luck
D．memories
B 解析：当医生告诉作者他的母亲患有幻想症时，(作者意识到)他的童年(childhood)结束了。故选B。
12．A.forgive
B．miss
C．ignore
D．overcome
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者开始意识到母亲的病是不能忽视(ignore)的。故选C。
13．A.felt
B．heard
C．hoped
D．expected
A 解析：就在那时作者意识到别的孩子来家里玩的时候总会感觉到(felt)他的母亲(有些)不同。故选A。
14．A.where
B．when
C．which
D．what
D 解析：作者总是琢磨他能做什么(what)，但是没有解决办法。故选D。
15．A.depend
on
B．face
C．concentrate
on
D．calculate
C 解析：因为需要解决母亲的问题，所以作者尽量不把注意力放在自己的问题上。concentrate
on“把注意力集中于”。故选C。
16．A.waiting
B．talking
C．singing
D．smiling
B 解析：根据下文的“If
there’s
no
one
to
talk
to”可知，本处意为“谈话(talking)是世上最好的放松方式之一”。故选B。
17．A.buy
B．play
C．talk
with
D．turn
to
D 解析：没有人跟作者说话的时候，他只能转向(turn
to)小提琴和其他的一些爱好。故选D。
18．A.devoted
to
B．charged
with
C．led
to
D．robbed
of
D 解析：想到过去，作者意识到母亲被完全地剥夺了生活。rob
sb.of
sth.“剥夺某人的某物”。故选D。
19．A.toy
B．puzzle
C．page
D．journal
B 解析：根据下文的“one
piece
among
the
thousands”和上文的“five thousand piece
puzzle(拼图)”可知，本处意为“每一天就是拼图(puzzle)中的一片”。故选B。
20．A.fall
apart
B．come
up
C．come
off
D．fall
over
A 解析：根据上文的“one
piece
among
the
thousands
we
spend
our
lives
putting
together”可知，本处意为“希望它不要破碎”。fall
apart“破碎”。故选A。
语法填空
In
recent
years
many
TV
shows
have
become
extremely
popular
among
Chinese
audience.Those
programs，ranging
from
talent
or
dating
shows
to
reality
shows
1.____________(receive)
both
commercial
success
and
public
attention.
Their
popularity
is
2.____________(main)
based
on
simple
facts.First,
they
care
3.____________social
concerns.Second,
without
exception,
they
explore
a
perfect
balance
between
the
international
forms
and
Chinese
expressions.
Despite
apparent
highlights,
much
room
4.____________(leave)
for
improvement.Above
all,
commercial
interests
often
outweigh
5.____________(education)
purposes,
causing
many
complaints
about
the
6.____________(bearable)
advertisements.In
addition,
some
sharp
remarks,
7.____________they
are
eye catching,
may
have
misleading
effects
on
the
youth.
In
my
opinion,
such
shows
should
shoulder
more
responsibility
instead
of
merely
8.____________(entertain)
the
public.9.____________
is
expected,
these
programs
should
be
positive
in
their
forms
as
well
as
functions.Meanwhile,
the
10.____________(medium)
should
also
safeguard
the
values
of
our
society.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。如今，电视节目从才艺展示、相亲节目到真人秀均赢得了关注。作者就此分析了这种现象产生的原因和缺陷，同时也阐述了自己的看法。
1．have
received 解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“In
recent
years”和“have
become”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have
received。
2．mainly 解析：考查词性转换。be
based
on意为“以……为基础”，根据词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰该动词短语。故填mainly。
3．about 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，他们关心社会问题。care
about意为“关心”，符合语境。故填about。
4．is
left 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。纵观全文时态可知，此处应使用一般现在时；主语“room”是谓语动词leave的承受者，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is
left。
5．educational 解析：考查词性转换。根据词法结构可知，此处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词“purposes”。故填educational。
6．unbearable 解析：考查词形转换。根据语境可知，商业利益胜过了教育目的，这使得令人难以忍受的广告遭到了诸多投诉。unbearable是bearable的反义词，意为“难以忍受的”，修饰名词“advertisements”，符合语境。故填unbearable。
7．though/although 解析：考查连词。句意：此外，一些尖刻的言论，尽管非常引人注目，但也许会对年轻人产生误导。根据语境可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。故填though/although。
8．entertaining 解析：考查非谓语动词。“instead
of”为介词短语，后接v. ing，即这些节目应承担更多的责任而不只是娱乐大众。故填entertaining。
9．As 解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，这些节目在形式和作用上都应积极向上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代后面的整个主句，意为“正如”。故填As。注意首字母大写。
10．media 解析：考查名词复数。根据空格前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应用名词作主语；此处指所有的媒体，故用medium的复数形式。故填media。
课时练3 Ⅱ卷强化增分练
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分
45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2017·武汉4月调研)The
Chinese
Garden
of
Friendship
was
built
as
a
beautiful
symbol
of
friendship
61.____________
Sydney
in
the
State
of
New
South
Wales
and
Guangzhou
in
the
province
of
Guangdong,
China
(sister
cities
of
sister
states),
to
mark
Australia’s
bicentenary
in
1988.
The
garden
62.____________
(design)
and
built
by
Chinese
landscape
architects
and
gardeners
63.____________
(follow)
the
Taoist
principles
of
“Yin－Yang”
and
the
five
opposite
elements—earth,
fire,
water,
metal
and
wood.These
principles
also
stress
the
64.____________
(important)
of
Qi,
the
central
force
of
life
and
energy.
Yin－Yang
65.____________
(play)
such
a
vital
role
that
just
one
missing
element
would
disrupt(扰乱)
the
garden’s
harmony
and
balance.However,
when
66.____________
(combine)
perfectly,
the
five
elements
form
a
fluid
and
nurturing
environment.Everything
you
encounter
in
the
garden
has
been
hand－picked
and
very
carefully
placed
to
capture
the
five
elements
and
the
energy
of
Qi.
Unlike
western－style
gardens,
there
are
no
planted
flowerbeds
67.____________
neatly－cut
lawns.Instead,
wild
68.____________
(aspect)
of
nature
are
recreated
in
landscapes
69.____________
feature
waterfalls,
mountains,
lakes
and
forests.
The
art
of
Chinese
Garden
design
began
in
imperial
parks
during
the
Shang
Dynasty
3,
000
years
ago.Darling
Harbour’s
Chinese
Garden
of
Friendship
is
a
small－scale
version
of
a
70.____________
(type)
private
garden
from
this
time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景。
61．between 解析：考查连词。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指作为两个城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境。故填between。
62．was
designed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的。主语“The
garden”与“design”之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was
designed。
63．following 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则。根据语境可知，“architects
and
gardeners”与动词follow之间构成主动关系，故应用follow的现在分词形式作状语。故填following。
64．importance 解析：考查词性转换。句意为：阴阳和五行强调“气”的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根据词法知识可知，此处应用important的名词形式作动词“stress”的宾语，且用定冠词“the”修饰。故填importance。
65．plays 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要素的缺失都会扰乱花园的和谐与平衡。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时；主语“Yin Yang”是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
66．combined 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流动的培养环境。此处when引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语“the
five
elements”与动词combine之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be动词可省略。故填combined。
67．or 解析：考查连词。句意为：与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪。在否定句中表示“和……”用连词or。故填or。
68．aspects 解析：考查名词复数。根据下文中的“are
recreated”可知，主语是复数。故填aspects。
69．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“landscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。故填that/which。
70．typical 解析：考查词性转换。根据空格前的“a”和空格后的“private
garden”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，typical意为“典型的”。故填typical。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2017·银川检测)I
prefer
my
English
classes
to
be
taught
in
English
only.What
we
all
know,
a
good
learning
environment
is
of
greatly
importance
if
we
want
to
study
English
well.Classes
teaching
in
English
provide
students
for
a
better
environment.When
English
is
an
only
language
in
class,
students
will
have
more
opportunity
to
practise
listening
and
speaking.However,
there
were
problems
with
this
method.Sometimes
we
may
find
difficult
to
follow
the
teacher
and
some
slow
learners
may
even
give
up
learn
English.In
spite
of
these
difficulties,
but
I
believe
practice
makes
perfect.With
enough
practice,
we
can
overcome
the
difficulties
and
benefit
from
English
classes
in
the
long
run.
答案：
I
prefer
my
English
classes
to
be
taught
in
English
only.
we
all
know,
a
good
learning
environment
is
of
importance
if
we
want
to
study
English
well.Classes
in
English
provide
students
a
better
environment.When
English
is
only
language
in
class,
students
will
have
more
to
practise
listening
and
speaking.However,
there
problems
with
this
method.Sometimes
we
may
find
difficult
to
follow
the
teacher
and
some
slow
learners
may
even
give
up
English.In
spite
of
these
difficulties,
I
believe
practice
makes
perfect.With
enough
practice,
we
can
overcome
the
difficulties
and
benefit
from
English
classes
in
the
long
run.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2017·长沙四校一模)假如你是校学生会主席李华。圣诞节即将到来，学生会将为你校学生举办一场圣诞晚会。请你根据以下提示，给你校外教Mr.Smith写信邀请他参加。要点如下：
1．时间：下周五6：30
pm—8：30
pm;
地点：教学楼305室
2．晚会过程：(1)Mr.Smith扮演圣诞老人；(2)教大家唱圣诞歌；(3)介绍西方人如何过圣诞节
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Mr.Smith，
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
a
good
piece
of
news.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours
truly，
Li
Hua
One
possible
version：
Dear_Mr.Smith，
I’m_writing_to_tell_you_a_good_piece_of_news.As
you
know，Christmas
is
approaching.In
order
to
help
you
have
a
better
festival
experience,
the
Students’
Union
will
organize
a
Christmas
party
next
Friday.I
hope
you
can
attend
it.
You
can
dress
up
as
Father
Christmas
giving
away
presents,
teach
us
to
sing
Christmas
songs
and
tell
us
what
the
westerners,
especially
middle
school
students
do
during
Christmas.These
are
all
typical
activities,
and
I
believe
we
all
have
a
strong
interest
in
them.The
party
will
be
held
in
Room
305,
Teaching
Building
at
6：30
pm.It
will
last
about
two
hours.I
wonder
if
you’d
like
to
come
and
enjoy
the
fun.
Looking
forward
to
your
coming
with
great
pleasure.
Yours_truly，
Li_Hua话 题： 热点话题(Topical
issues)
1.addicted
adj.
上瘾的
2.phenomenon
n.
现象
3.communicate
v.
交流
4.exposure
n.
暴露
5.emergency
n.
紧急情况
6.admit
v.
承认；准许进入
7.relate
v.
把……联系起来
8.harmful
adj.
有害的
9.dangerous
adj.
危险的
10.prevent
v.
阻止
11.produce
v.
生产
12.promote
v.
促进；增进
13.awareness
n.
认识；了解
14.interview
v.
采访
15.lead
to/result
in
导致16.care
about
担心；在乎
17.in
terms
of
在……方面
18.end
up
with
以……结束
19.be
responsible
for
对……负责
20.make
good
use
of
充分利用……
1.As
is
often
the
case,
wherever
you
meet
some
people,
you
will
find
them
addicted
to
their
phones. 情况经常是这样，无论你在哪里看到人，你会发现他们对手机很上瘾。
2.The
reason
is
that
smart
phones
nowadays
can
be
used
for
people
to
play
mobile
games.
原因是现在的智能手机可以被人们用来玩手机游戏。
3.As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
people
should
wisely
make
use
of
their
phones. 在我看来，人们应该明智地使用自己的手机。
(2017·西北工业大学附中模拟)最新调查指出，人际关系正越来越被“人机关系”所取代，甚至有网友调侃：世界上最远的距离，是我在你面前，而你在低头看手机。根据以下要点用英语写一篇短文给《21世纪英文报》投稿：
1．描述这一现象；
2．分析其原因及弊端；
3．你认为该如何改变现状。
As
is
often
the
case,
when
people
are
attending
meetings,
having
meals
or
waiting
for
buses,
you
can
always
find
them
addicted
to
their
phones,
completely
ignoring
others.
This
is
really
a
common
phenomenon
in
our
life.
The
reason
is
that
smart
phones
nowadays
can
be
used
for
people
to
play
mobile
games
and
keep
in
touch
with
friends
through
QQ
and
WeChat.
However,
too
much
exposure
to
phones
is
bad
for
people
in
terms
of
health.
Moreover,
it
often
makes
people
fail
to
communicate
well
with
those
around
them.
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
people
should
wisely
make
use
of
their
phones.
And
meanwhile
care
more
about
their
family
and
friends
rather
than
mobile
phones.
1．media
n．
大众传播媒介，传媒
2．chat
n.
闲谈，聊天
3．affair
n.
事情，事件
4．widespread
adj.
广泛的
5．debt
n.
债务，欠款
6．belief
n.
信仰；信心；信任
7．distinction
n.
殊荣；特质；区别
8．host
n.
主办(国/城市/机构)；主人
vt.
主办
9．incident
n.
事件，事情
10．evidence
n.
证明，证据
11．legal
adj.
合法的，与法律有关的
12．process
n.
过程，进程
13．profit
n.
利润，收益
14．channel
n.
(电视或电台)频道
15．classic
adj.
传统的；经典的
1．reform
n.
改革，改良
2．demand
vt.
要求，请求
3．arise
vi.
发生，出现
4．blame
vt.
责怪，归咎于
5．attempt
vt.
&
n.
尝试，试图
6．publish
vt.
出版，发行
7．attitude
n.
态度，看法
8．dislike
vt.
不喜爱，厌恶
9．pretend
vt.
假装
10．hire
vt.
租用；雇用
11．budget
n.
预算
12．scene
n.
场面，场景
13．load
n.
满满一车；很多；工作量
14．bravery
n.
勇敢
1．announce
vt.
宣布，宣告→announcement
n.
公告
2．explanation
n.
解释，说明→explain
vt.
解释
3．employ
vt.
雇用→employment
n.
雇用→unemployment
n.
失业→employer
n.
雇主→employee
n.
雇员→self－employed
adj.
自己经营的
4．defend
vt.
为……辩解；保卫→defence
n.
保卫；防卫
5．argument
n.
争论；理由→argue
vi.
争吵
6．analysis
n.
分析→analyse
vt.
分析
7．encouragement
n.
鼓励→encourage
vt.
鼓励→encouraging
adj.
鼓舞人心的→encouraged
adj.
受鼓舞的
8．respect
vt.
尊敬，尊重→respectable
adj.
可敬的→respectful
adj.
表示尊敬的，恭敬的
9．advertise
vt.
为……做广告，登广告→advertisement
n.
广告→advertiser
n.
广告人→advertising
n.
广告活动；广告业
10．approach
n.
方法，方式→approachable
adj.
可接近的
11．innocent
adj.
天真无邪的，单纯的；无罪的→innocence
n.
清白，无罪
12．interrupt
vt.
&
vi.
打断(讲话或动作)；打扰→interruption
n.
打断
13．environmental
adj.
自然环境的→environmentally
adv.
环境地→environment
n.
环境
14．protection
n.
保护，防卫→protect
vt.
保护→protective
adj.
保护的；防护的
15．faithfully
adv.忠实地，真诚地→faithful
adj.忠诚的
→faith
n．忠诚；相信
1．He
is
so
kind
that
all
the
students
respect
him.And
for
the
villagers，he
is
also
a
respectable
person.When
he
walks
past，many
people
will
stand
in
respectful
silence.(respect)
2．The
company
employs
200
people
every
year.The
employer
is
kind
to
the
employees，so
if
you
are
a
student
seeking
employment，it
is
a
good
place.(employ)
3．His
speech
was
to
encourage
the
people
who
are
in
need.These
people
felt
encouraged
after
hearing
his
speech
and
the
result
was
very
encouraging．(encourage)
4．It
is
important
to
protect
the
environment
and
we
should
realize
the
environmental
damage
caused
by
the
chemical
industry
and
try
to
use
environmentally
friendly
products.(environment)
5．It
is
our
duty
to
protect
our
kids.I
can’t
help
feeling
protective
towards
my
kids
every
day.For
example，I’m
concerned
that
my
little
son’s
thin
coat
gives
little
protection
against
the
cold
today.(protect)
1．stand_for
是……意思，代表；支持
2．in_favour_of
支持，赞同
3．consist_of
由……组成
4．stand_out_
突出，显眼
5．as_long_as
只要
6．get_ready_for
准备
7．in_detail
详细地
8．look_forward_to_
希望
9．take_photos/pictures_of
照相，拍照
10．in_competition_with
与……竞争
11．hold_the_attention_of
抓住……的注意力
12．go_ahead_with
开始做；着手干
13．get_stuck_in_
陷入……
14．on_the_scene
在现场，到现场
15．come_out_on_top
占上风；获胜
As
we
all
know，the
G20
(or
G－20
or
Group
of
Twenty)
1.stands_for
an
international
forum
for
the
governments
and
central
bank
governors
from
20
major
economies，which
originally
2.consisted_of
political
leaders
from
eight
countries.They
are
3.in_favour_of
reforms
demanded
by
the
people
all
over
the
world
and
they
are
also
trying
to
adopt
new
approaches
to
rid
the
poverty
of
the
world.So
they
have
succeeded
in
4.holding_the_attention_of
the
people
all
over
the
world.All
the
poor
people
are
5.looking_forward_to
the
arrival
of
the
happy
life.
1．“of＋抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词
AIDS
is
another
problem
of
great
concern
so
sex
education
and
health
care
administration
are
extremely
important.
【仿写】 过绿色生活来保护环境对于我们来说是非常重要的。
It
is
of_great_importance
for
us
to
lead
a
green
life
to
protect
our
environment.
2．be
likely
to
do...
可能会做……
It
is
likely
to
be
just
the
name
of
a
company，part
of
which
may
be
a
general
location.
【仿写】 老师说只要我努力，就有可能通过这次考试。
The
teacher
said
that
I
was_likely_to_pass
the
exam
if
I
worked
hard.
3．not
all表示部分否定
However，not
all
advertising
is
about
selling
products
and
services
for
a
profit.
【仿写】 并非所有的中国女孩都痴迷于韩国的男演员们。
Not_all_the_Chinese_girls
are
addicted
to
the
actors
from
Korea.
4．as
long
as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句
According
to
a
research
published
by
Leeds
University
yesterday，people
don’t
mind
bad
language
on
television
as
long
as
it
is
not
used
in
programmes
watched
by
children.
【仿写】 只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借给你。
You
may
borrow
the
book
as_long_as
you
keep
it
clean.
被动语态；动名词
单句改错
1．The
tower
that
is
rebuilt
now
will
be
open
to
tourists
soon.The
work
is
almost
finished.第一个is后加_being
2．Read
English
every
day
is
a
good
way
to
improve
your
spoken
English.
Read→Reading
3．The
famous
scientist
is
invited
to
give
an
open
speech
for
the
ceremony.
open→opening
4．The
little
boy
admitted
cheat
in
the
exam
and
promised
not
to
do
it
again.
cheat→cheating
5．By
the
end
of
last
month，many
trees
had
been
planting
in
this
area.
planting→planted
demand
vt.要求，请求 n．要求，需求
(经典例句)What
we
demand
is
not
only
quantity
but
also
quality.
我们不仅要求数量，而且要求质量。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)be
in
(great)
demand
(迫切)需求meet/satisfy
one’s
demands
满足某人的需求
(2)demand
to
do
sth.
要求做某事
demand
that...(should)
do
sth.
要求……做某事
(3)sth.demand(s)
to
be
done＝sth.demand(s)
doing
某事需要被做
(安徽高考)First,
science
graduates
are
in
greater
demand
than
arts
ones
in
China.
首先，
在中国，
对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。
The
manager
demanded
that
the
workers
(should)
work
extra
hours
to
complete
the
task
ahead
of
time.
经理要求工人加班，
以便能提前完成任务。
除demand之外，后接宾语从句中用虚拟语气的其他动词还有哪些？
advise，suggest，desire，command，recommend，urge，order，require，request等。
——单句语法填空
(1)The
manager
promised
that
they
would
try
to
meet
their
customers’
demands(demand)．
(2)My
demand
is
that
the
information
referred
to
in
my
report
(should)_be_e mailed(e mail)
to
Mr.Brown
without
delay.
——一句多译
我的小汽车需要修理了，
因此我必须乘公共汽车上班。
(3)My
car
demands/needs/requires
to_be_repaired,_so
I
have
to
go
to
work
by
bus.
(4)My
car
demands/needs/requires
repairing,_so
I
have
to
go
to
work
by
bus.
arise
vi.发生，出现；产生；起床；起身
(教材P115)Could
you
tell
us
how
the
problem
arose
你能告诉我们这个问题是怎么发生的吗？
——写出下列句中arise的含义
(1)Seeing
his
mother
return
home，the
boy
arose
from
his
chair
immediately.起身
(2)A
number
of
high
buildings
have
arisen
where
there
was
nothing
a
year
ago
but
ruins.出现
(3)They
arose
at
sunrise
to
get
an
early
start
to
the
park.起床
(4)It
can’t
be
too
careful
while
driving.Accidents
often
arise
from
carelessness.产生
原形
过去式
过去分词
v. ing
arise(vi.)出现；发生；起因于；起身
arose
arisen
arising
rise(vt.)升起；增长，上升
rose
risen
rising
raise(vt.)举起；抚养；提高；饲养
raised
raised
raising
arouse(vt.)
唤醒；激起
aroused
aroused
arousing
——选词填空(arise/rise/raise/arouse)
(1)As
is
known
to
us，the
sun
rises
in
the
east
and
sets
in
the
west.
(2)Years
of
experience
in
driving
made
Mr
Black
convinced
that
he
could
deal
with
emergencies
arising
at
any
time.
(3)Give
your
child
some
old
machines
such
as
a
broken
radio
or
TV
set
to
play
with
and
it
will
arouse
his
curiosity.
(4)To
raise
people’s
awareness
of
protecting
the
environment,
we
launched
a
campaign.
——一句多译
休息时，
我们的班主任开始处理课上出现的问题。
(5)At
break,
our
headteacher
got
down
to
dealing
with
the
matter
arising_from_his_class．(分词作定语)
(6)At
break,
our
headteacher
got
down
to
dealing
with
the
matter
which_arose_from_his_class．(定语从句)
blame
vt.责怪，归咎于；谴责
n．过失；责备
(2016·全国卷丙)I
often
had
crazy
dreams
in
which
I
was
to
blame
for
Miller’s
accident.
我经常做一些疯狂的梦，在梦中，我应该为米勒的事故受责备。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)blame
sb.for
sth./doing
sth.
因某事/做某事而责备某人
blame
sth.on
sb.
把某事怪到某人头上
be
to
blame
(for...)
应承担责任；该受责备(用主动形式表示被动意义)
(2)get/accept/bear/take
the
blame
for...
对……负责
lay/put
the
blame
for
sth.on
sb.
把某事归咎于某人身上
Mr.Green
stood
up
in
defence
of
the
16－year－old
boy，saying
that
he
was
not
the
one
to
blame.
格林先生站起来保护这个16岁的男孩，说他不是该受谴责的人。
(江苏高考)Instead
of
blaming
each
other,
we
should
communicate
more
and
put
ourselves
in
others’
place.
我们应该多交流、
换位思考而不是相互责怪。
——单句语法填空
(1)Blamed(blame)
for
the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network,
Alice
was
in
low
spirits.
(2)In
my
view,
Li
Hua,
who
broke
the
school
rule,
was
to_blame(blame)．
(3)Don’t
always
blame
your
own
failure
on
others.
You
should
take
the
blame
for
failure.
——一句多译
警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，
那位司机应为此事负责。
(4)The
police
had
figured
out
the
cause
of
the
traffic
accident
and
it
was
the
driver
that
should
be_to_blame_for
it.
(5)The
police
had
figured
out
the
cause
of
the
traffic
accident
and
it
was
the
driver
that
should
take_the_blame_for/be_responsible_for
it.
attempt
n．努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试，试图
(2015·广东高考)For
years
researchers
have
attempted
to
show
that
television
is
dangerous
to
children.
多年来研究人员试图表明电视对孩子有危害。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth.
试图做某事
at
the
first
attempt
第一次尝试
(2)
He
was
as
proud
as
a
peacock
when
he
passed
his
driving
test
at
the
first
attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，
因而得意洋洋。
——一句多译
我试图让她相信他是诚实的，
但是徒劳无果。(attempt)
(1)I’ve
attempted_to_convince_her
of
his
honesty,
but
in
vain.
(2)I’ve
made_an_attempt_to_convince
her
of
his
honesty,
but
in
vain.
(3)I’ve
made_an_attempt_at_convincing
her
of
his
honesty,
but
in
vain.
defend
vt.为……辩解；保卫
(2016·四川高考)The
female
hormones
also
protect
the
body
in
another
way.They
help
the
body
defend
itself
against
some
kinds
of
infections. 雌激素也用另一种方式保护身体。他们帮助身体对抗某些传染病。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)defend
sb./sth.from/against
sb./sth.
保护/保卫……免受……伤害
defend
oneself
against
sth.
为自己辩护
(2)defence
n.
保卫；保护；辩护；答辩
in
defence
(of...)
为了保卫(……)
Thousands
of
young
men
came
forward，willing
to
defend
their
country.
成千上万的年轻人挺身而出，愿意保卫自己的国家。It
is
reported
that
steps
are
being
taken
to
defend
the
city
against
attack.
据报道，(他们)正在采取措施来保护城市免受攻击。
与defend...from/against...用法类似的还有：prevent...from...；stop...from...；keep...from...；protect...against/from...等，在被动语态中from或against都不可省略。
——单句语法填空
(1)Some
think
that
students
should
be
trained
to
defend
themselves
from/against
school
shooters.
(2)All
the
people
were
fighting
against
the
flood
in
defence(defend)
of
their
own
homes.
——一句多译
他翻过篱笆去保护那个吓坏了的女孩。
(3)He
climbed
over
the
fence
to_defend_the_frightened_girl.
(defend)
(4)He
climbed
over
the
fence
in_defence_of_the_frightened_girl.
(defence)
pretend
vt.假装；假扮；扮演
(2016·浙江高考短文改错)He
would
ask
who
we
were
and
pretend
not
to
know
us.
他常常会问我们是谁，假装不认识我们。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
pretend
Jacy
pretended
to
have
known
everything
about
it
and
said
nothing. 杰西假装已了解了一切，
一句话也没说。
He
pretended
to
be
reading
an
important
document
when
the
boss
came
in.
老板进来时他假装正在看一份重要的文件。
和pretend有类似用法(后接to
do/to
be
doing/to
have
done)的动词还有happen,
appear,
seem,
claim及be
said
to结构等。
——单句语法填空
(1)He
pretended
to_be_studying(study)
when
his
mother
stepped
into
the
room.
(2)(浙江高考)I
had
been
lying
to
myself,
pretending(pretend)
that
everything
was
fine.
(3)He
wasn’t
really
crying;
he
was
only
pretending(pretend)．
(4)He
pretends
to_admire(admire)
me,
though
privately
he
hates
me.
——一句多译
我在街上见到她时，
她装作不认识我，
这确实使我很伤心。
(5)She
pretended
she
didn’t_know_me
when
we
met
in
the
street,
which
really
made
me
upset.
(6)She
pretended
not_to_know_me
when
we
met
in
the
street,
which
really
made
me
upset.
approach
n．方法，方式；接近，逼近，走近；步骤；途径；通路
vt.&vi.接近；接洽；要求；着手处理
(教材P26)For
many
of
today’s
advertisers，repeating
old
ideas
is
not
a
successful
approach. 对当今许多广告人来说，重复旧的理念已不是一种成功的方法。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)approach
sb./sth.
靠近/接近某人/某物
around
the
corner
即将来临
draw
near
靠近；
接近
(2)(an)
approach
to
接近，
近似；
(做某事)的
方法(途径)
at
the
approach
of...
在……快到的时候
make
approaches
to
sb.
设法接近某人
(2016·全国卷乙)Approaching
the
vehicle,
they
saw
that
a
woman
was
trying
to
get
out
of
the
broken
window. 走近了那辆车，他们才看到一个女子正拼命地想从破了的车窗内爬出来。
(2015·天津高考单项填空)Absorbed
in
painting,
John
didn’t
notice
evening
approaching.
由于专心绘画，
约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
All
the
approaches
to
the
airport
were
blocked
by
the
police. 所有通往机场的路都被警察封锁了
“(做)……的方法”的正确搭配：the
approach
to
(doing
sth.)；the
way
to
do/of
(doing)
sth.；the
means
of
sth.；the
method
of
(doing)
sth.。
——单句语法填空
(1)(北京高考)It
is
true
that
he
is_approaching(approach)
the
end
but
he
has
been
living
a
memorable
life.
(2)The
job
market
has
changed
and
our
approaches
to
finding(find)
work
must
change
as
well.
——一句多译
(陕西高考)随着教师节的临近，
今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。
(3)As_Teachers’_Day_was_approaching,_our
class
decided
to
hold
a
party
to
celebrate
the
important
day
for
a
change
this
year.(as)
(4)With_Teachers’_Day_approaching,_our
class
decided
to
hold
a
party
to
celebrate
the
important
day
for
a
change
this
year.(with)
(5)As_Teachers’_Day_was_drawing_near,_our
class
decided
to
hold
a
party
to
celebrate
the
important
day
for
a
change
this
year.(draw)
scene n．场面，场景；(戏剧的)一场；现场；景色；(电
影、电视的)一个镜头；(事件发生的)地点
(教材P28)When
we
arrived
at
the
scene，we
called
an
ambulance
as
we
saw
blood
everywhere.
当我们到达现场时，一看到处都是血，于是便叫了救护车。
——写出下列句中scene的含义
(1)The
director
said
that
we
had
to
shoot
the
love
scene
today.(电影、电视的)一个镜头
(2)They
stood
gazing
the
happy
scene
of
children
playing
in
the
park.场景
(3)The
police
will
be
on
the
scene
within
a
few
minutes.(事件发生的)地点
eq
\a\vs4\al()
on
the
scene
在现场；当场
appear/come
on
the
scene
出场；登场
behind
the
scenes
在幕后；暗中
the
scene
of
the
accident
事故现场
(2016·全国卷甲)He’s
the
funniest
stand－up
comedian
on
the
comedy
scene.
他是喜剧节目中最好笑的单口相声演员。
The
happy
scene
of
children
playing
in
the
garden
disappeared,
and
it
was
quiet
again.
孩子们在花园里玩得高兴的场面消失了，
花园里又安静下来。
scene有“场景；
场面；
地点”
的含义，
后接定语从句时，
若关系词在定语从句中作状语，
一般用关系副词where或in
which来引导。
——单句语法填空
(1)It
was
not
long
before
a
helicopter
arrived
on
the
scene
to
rescue
the
survivors
of
the
plane
crash.
(2)The
killer
may
have
returned
to
the
scene
of
the
crime
to
cover
his
tracks.
——句式升级
(3)On
receiving
the
call,
the
police
rushed
to
the
scene,
and
there
a
traffic
accident
happened.
→On
receiving
the
call,
the
police
rushed
to
the
scene,
where/in_which_a_traffic_accident_happened．(用定语从句改写)
in
favour
of 支持，赞同
(教材P25)I’m
in
favour
of
some
kind
of
control.
我赞同(采取)一些控制。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)in
sb.’s
favour 对某人有利
do
sb.a
favour＝do
a
favour
for
sb.
帮某人忙
ask
a
favour
of
sb.
请某人帮忙
owe
sb.a
favour
欠某人情
(2)favo(u)rite
adj.
最喜爱的
My
sister
was
against
my
suggestion
while
my
brother
was
in
favour
of
it.
我姐姐反对我的建议，然而我弟弟却赞成。
Of
course
I’ll
help
you
move
house；I
owe
you
a
favour
anyway. 我当然会帮你搬家；说来我还欠你的情呢。
——单句语法填空
(1)It
is
clear
that
the
situation
is
in
our
enemy’s
favour
at
the
time.
(2)Mr.Wang，could
I
ask
a
favour
of
you，please
(3)I’m
writing
to
ask
you
to
do
me
a
favour.
(4)(2016·浙江高考)They
gave
me
presents
of
their
favo(u)rite(favour)
artworks
which
they
had
refused
to
sell
to
tourists.
——单句写作
(5)让我高兴的是，我们小组的大多数人支持我的建议。
To
my
joy,
most
of
our
team
members
are_in_favour_of_my_suggestion．
(6)我们班里的每个人都投票赞成开舞会。
Everyone
in
our
class
voted
in_favour_of_the_dancing_party．
consist
of 由……组成/构成
(教材P26)Some
advertisements
consist
of
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are. 有些广告中含有一些图片或专家说的话，告诉人们该产品有多好。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)consist
in(＝lie
in)
在于；存在于……
consist
with
与……一致；与……协调
consist
of＝
be
made
up
of＝
be
composed
of
由……组成
(2)consistent
adj.
一致的
be
consistent
with...in...
与……在……方面一致
(2016·天津高考)Students
are
provided
with
breakfast,
dinner
and
either
a
cooked
or
packed
lunch(which
consists
of
a
sandwich,
a
drink
and
a
dessert)．
提供给学生们早饭、晚饭、还有要么是做好的要么是打包的午饭(包括三明治、一杯饮料和一份甜点)。
Happiness
does
not
consist
in
how
much
money
you
have. 幸福不在于你拥有多少金钱。
consist
of
不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。
——单句语法填空
(1)The
evidence
is
not
consistent(consist)
with
what
you
said
earlier.
(2)The
novel
consists
of
four
parts,
which
is
very
popular
with
the
girls.
(3)The
reputation
of
this
museum
consists
in
the
variety
of
its
art
collection.
——一句多译
由15家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。
(4)The
company
that/which_consists_of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.(定语从句)
(5)The
company
that/which_is_made_up_of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.(定语从句)
(6)The
company
consisting_of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.(现在分词作定语)
(7)The
company
made_up_of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.(过去分词作定语)
(教材P26)However，not
all
advertising
is
about
selling
products
and
services
for
a
profit.
然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
该句是表示部分否定的句型。not
all...＝all...not...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no
one，nowhere，no
more，no
longer，no
way等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
Not
all
these
books
are
popular
with
people.
这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。
None
of
the
books
are
useful
to
us
for
the
moment.
这些书暂时对我们都没有用。
——一句多译
事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得很重要。
(1)The
truth
is
that
not_everyone_is_attaching_great_importance_to
time
management.
(2)The
truth
is
that
everyone_is_not_attaching_great_importance_to
time
management.
(教材P28)According
to
a
research
published
by
Leeds
University
yesterday，people
don’t
mind
bad
language
on
television
as
long
as
it
is
not
used
in
programmes
watched
by
children. 据利兹大学昨天发表的一项研究称，电视中的不良语言，只要不用于儿童节目，人们并不介意。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
as/so
long
as
意为“只要”，用来引导条件状语从句。
as
far
as
至于；直到，远到；就……而言
as
soon
as
一……就……
as
well
as
既……又……；除……之外(也);
此外
Don’t
mind
what
others
say
so/as
long
as
we
are
confident
in
what
we
have
done.
只要我们对所做的事情有信心，就不要介意别人的话。
As
far
as
I
could
remember，I
did
return
him
the
money.
就我所能记得的，我确实把钱还给他了。
I
will
tell
him
the
exciting
news
as
soon
as
he
comes
back.
他一回来我就告诉他这个令人兴奋的消息。
——高考小作文
(1)(福建高考书面表达)只要我们有追求梦想的热情，我们最终一定能成功。
As_long_as_we_have_the_enthusiasm
to
follow
our
dream,
we
are
sure
to
succeed
eventually.
(2)(北京高考书面表达)只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人的话。
Don’t
mind
what
others
say
so_long_as_we_are_confident_in
what
we
have
done.
We
have
always
tried
to
keep
bad
language
away
from
innocent
ears
and
this
is
a
very
important
consideration
when
deciding
at
what
times
of
day
certain
programmes
are
shown.
该句是由and连接的并列句。第二个分句中的when
deciding...是省略的时间状语从句，完整句为when
we
are
deciding...；at
what
times
of
day
certain
programmes
are
shown是deciding的宾语。
我们一直努力使那些不好的语言远离纯洁的耳朵，这是在我们决定某些节目在一天中的什么时间段播出的重要考量。
单句语法填空
1．My
explanation(explain)
seemed
to
make
things
worse，which
started
to
drive
me
mad.
2．No
one
knows
who
it
is
that
is
to_blame(blame)
for
the
explosion
of
the
chemical
factory.
3．Approaching(approach)
the
city
centre，we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
4．Mike
pretended
to_be_preparing(prepare)
lunch
when
his
mother
stepped
in
the
kitchen.
5．She
said
that
she
was
willing(will)
to
pick
you
up
at
the
airport
tomorrow
afternoon.
6．We
can
win
this
argument(argue)
if
we
present
the
facts
clearly
tomorrow.
7．It
is
reported
that
these
GM
fruits
can
defend
people
against/from
cancer,
heart
attack
and
many
other
diseases.
8．The
girl
married
well
and
she
had
been
living
a
respectable(respect)
life.
9．Charlie
made
an
attempt
to_apologize(apologize)
for
what
he
had
done,
but
his
classmates
wouldn’t
talk
to
him.
10．It
is
known
that
a
healthy
diet
will
provide
protection(protect)
against
disease.
单句改错
1．The
teacher
demanded
the
students
to
go
to
the
playground
at
once.demanded后加of
2．Can
you
find
an
approach
to
get
close
to
that
hut
where
the
old
man
is
living？get→getting
3．It
is
reported
that
it
is
a
team
consisted
of
ten
scientists
and
fifteen
painters.consisted→consisting
4．Everybody
knows
that
the
man
is
supposed
to
be
to
blame
on
this.on→for
5．What
surprised
him
most
was
that
all
of
the
people
here
were
in
favour
for
his
plan.for→of
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
classic
advertisement，which
is
1.likely(like)
to
be
just
the
name
of
a
company，gives
information
about
finding
certain
products.This
kind
of
advertising
is
unlikely
to
be
suitable
because
of
the
2.competition(compete)
in
the
market
place
now.What
advertisements
need
to
do
is
3.to_attract(attract)
the
public’s
attention.Some
advertisements
4.are_made(make)
up
of
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are,
5.while
others
try
to
create
advertisements
people
like
looking
at.So
they
spend
much
money
6.applying(apply)
modern
techniques
to
the
advertisements.Modern
advertisements
combine
the
7.highest(high)
standards
of
design
with
ideas
linked
to
the
products.What’s
more，these
advertisers
look
8.for
other
ways
such
as
humour
as
well
as
unusual
ideas
to
make
people
forget
that
someone
9.is_trying(try)
to
sell
them
something.There
are
also
some
public
advertisements
10.which
aim
to
help
increase
public
knowledge
and
make
our
society
a
better
place
for
everyone.
教材与短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
People
don’t
mind
bad
language
on
television
as
long
as
it
is
not
exposed
for
children,
according
to
that
a
research
published
by
Leeds
University.
Leeds
University
drew
a
conclusion
what
people
made
a
distinction
between
bad
language
used
for
adults,
and
those
meant
for
children.This
is
a
important
consideration
when
deciding
at
what
times
of
day
certain
programmes
shown.
Some
astronomers
went
to
the
museum
of
science
in
a
trolleybus.
There
was
a
greengrocer’s
truck
park
in
the
way
of
the
trolleybus.
When
the
truck
driver
tried
to
move,
the
tyres
got
stuck
in
the
muddy
ground.
Luckily
the
driver
jumped
out，only
hurt
his
ankle.
Then
the
trolleybus
crashed
into
the
truck.
The
police
called
an
ambulance
because
we
thought
strawberry
juice
was
blood.
A
spokesman
said
it
was
really
amaze
that
no
one
was
bad
injured.答案：
People
don’t
mind
bad
language
on
television
as
long
as
it
is
not
exposed
children,
according
to
a
research
published
by
Leeds
University.
Leeds
University
drew
a
conclusion
people
made
a
distinction
between
bad
language
used
for
adults,
and
those
meant
for
children.This
is
important
consideration
when
deciding
at
what
times
of
day
certain
programmes
shown.
Some
astronomers
went
to
the
museum
of
science
in
a
trolleybus.
There
was
a
greengrocer’s
truck
in
the
way
of
the
trolleybus.
When
the
truck
driver
tried
to
move,
the
tyres
got
stuck
in
the
muddy
ground.
Luckily
the
driver
jumped
out，only
his
ankle.
Then
the
trolleybus
crashed
into
the
truck.
The
police
called
an
ambulance
because
thought
strawberry
juice
was
blood.
A
spokesman
said
it
was
really
that
no
one
was
injured.
教材与话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．老师经常要求我们阅读英语文章以提高英语水平。(demand)
2．我尝试读《21世纪英文报》(21st
Century)，我觉得这份报纸很适合我们学生。(attempt；find)
3．很多同学支持我的观点。(in
favour
of
)
4．版面内容包括国家大事、体育、娱乐、故事等。(consist
of)
5．我相信只要多读，我们在英语上一定会取得更大的进步。(as
long
as；be
bound
to；make
great
progress)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Our
teacher
often
demands
that
we
read
English
articles
to
improve
our
English，so
I
attempt
to
read
21st
Century，which
I
find
suitable
for
us
students.Many
classmates
are
in
favour
of
my
opinion.The
content
of
the
paper
consists
of
state
affairs，sports，entertainment，stories，etc.I
strongly
believe
that
as
long
as
we
do
more
reading
we
are
bound
to
make
great
progress
in
English.
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
阅读理解
A
(2017·山西重点中学适应性考试)
English
Conversation
Leader:
Mandi
Ashmore
english@iwc lausanne.org
We
meet
on
Mondays
at
14：30
at
the
IWC
clubhouse.We
chat
for
about
an
hour
and
discuss
everything.Mandi
asks
“students”
to
contact
her
on
Monday
to
confirm
the
class
as
sometimes
she
needs
to
cancel
for
various
reasons
or
occasionally
she
may
choose
to
hold
the
class
at
a
different
venue(举办地点)
or
at
an
earlier
time
for
us
to
be
able
to
have
lunch
together.
French
Conversation,
Advanced
Beginner
Leader:
Marielle
Sulmoni
frenchconvo@iwc lausanne.org
I’m
French(born
in
Bordeaux)
and
Swiss
by
marriage.I
hold
an
advanced
beginners’
French
conversation
class
on
Tuesday
afternoons
from
14：30—16：00.We
meet
weekly
at
the
clubhouse
in
a
friendly
atmosphere.I
hope
to
help
you
use
your
knowledge
of
French,
allowing
you
to
speak
with
no
fear
of
making
mistakes,
which
in
time
will
become
fewer
and
fewer.
French
Language
Lab,
Beginner
Leader:
Maija
Remlinger
frenchlab@iwc lausanne.org
The
group
meets
on
Thursday
afternoons
from
15：00—16：30
at
the
clubhouse.The
first
half
of
the
class
is
devoted
to
reading
out
loud
from
the
book
Easy
French
Reader,
working
on
proper
pronunciation
and
phrasing.During
the
second
half,
we
listen
to
audio
recordings
from
“New
French
with
Ease”
and
work
on
oral
comprehension.
French
Conversation,
Advanced
Leader:
Juliette
Brull
french@iwc lausanne.org
We
meet
every
Tuesday
at
the
IWC
clubhouse
from
9：30—11：00.Most
of
our
time
is
devoted
to
very
lively
discussions
about
current
events
and
various
topics.We
also
read
a
book
written
by
a
French
author
and
sometimes
we
see
a
French
movie.
【解题导语】 本文为应用文，主要介绍了四个语言学习俱乐部，内容包括俱乐部的负责人、联系方式以及俱乐部的活动。
1．Why
are
you
advised
to
contact
Mandi
A．To
check
the
arrangement.
B．To
exchange
ideas.
C．To
decide
the
topics.
D．To
ask
for
leave.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据English
Conversation中的“contact
her
on
Monday
to
confirm
the
class...”可知，与Mandi联系是为了确认俱乐部的课程安排。
2．Which
of
the
clubs
focuses
mainly
on
the
basic
knowledge
of
language
A．English
Conversation.
B．French
Conversation,
Advanced.
C．French
Language
Lab,
Beginner.
D．French
Conversation,
Advanced
Beginner.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据French
Language
Lab,
Beginner中的“working
on
proper
pronunciation
and
phrasing”和“work
on
oral
comprehension”可知，该俱乐部更注重基础语言知识的学习。
3．Who
will
you
get
in
touch
with
if
you
like
watching
French
films
A．Mandi
Ashmore.
B．Marielle
Sulmoni.
C．Maija
Remlinger.
D．Juliette
Brull.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据French
Conversation,
Advanced中的“sometimes
we
see
a
French
movie”以及“Leader:
Juliette
Brull”可知，该俱乐部有时会观看法国电影，其负责人为Juliette
Brull。
B
(2017·广东五校第一次联考)In
many
countries,
heart
disease
kills
a
lot
of
women
and
even
more
men.There
are
four
major
causes
of
this
disease
and
these
are
smoking,
poor
or
bad
diet,
a
family
history
of
heart
disease
and
stressful
work.Among
these
main
wrongdoers,
the
most
common
cause
is
stress.
What
is
stress
and
how
do
you
feel
when
you
are
under
stress
Imagine
you
live
alone—you
are
lying
in
bed
at
night
and,
suddenly,
you
hear
someone
in
the
kitchen.Immediately
your
heart
begins
to
beat
very
fast
and
you
feel
that
you
can
hardly
breathe.What
you
are
feeling
is
not
stress,
but
fear.However,
your
body
changes
in
the
same
way
when
you
feel
stress.That
means
that
if
you
feel
anxious
and
worried
during
an
important
examination,
your
heart
may
beat
very
fast
and
you
may
feel
breathless
too.You
are
experiencing
stress.Another
common
situation
in
which
a
person
is
likely
to
feel
stress
is
to
have
to
do
something,
for
example,
performing
a
boring
duty,
every
day.
Let
us
look
at
the
case
of
Annie
who
was
a
nurse.She
felt
a
lot
of
stress
in
her
work
and
began
to
have
very
bad
headaches
at
the
end
of
the
day.Each
morning
she
woke
up
more
tired
than
she
was
when
she
went
to
sleep.She
did
not
want
to
go
out
in
the
evening
with
her
friends
and
she
felt
unhappy
all
the
time.
Finally,
she
sat
down
and
thought
about
her
life.She
saw
a
lot
of
illness
and
death
in
her
work
but
that
was
not
the
reason
why
she
was
under
stress.The
real
reason
was
that
she
felt
unable
to
make
a
positive
decision
in
her
job—she
had
to
do
what
the
doctors
and
sisters
told
her.
So,
Annie
went
back
to
college
for
further
study.When
she
graduated,
she
found
a
job
where
she
was
part
of
a
team
as
before,
but
where
she
had
responsibility
in
making
decisions.Her
working
hours
were
longer
and
her
work
was
more
difficult
than
when
she
was
a
nurse
but
she
enjoyed
it.She
felt
she
was
in
control
of
her
life
and
her
work.For
Annie,
stress
in
her
old
job
had
made
her
change
her
life
and
end
a
difficult
situation.Stress
in
her
new
job
became
a
good
thing
because
it
helped
her
achieve
satisfaction
in
her
life
and
in
her
work.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了压力是引发心脏病的最常见的原因，并解释了什么才是压力。
4.
Feeling
________is
one
form
of
stress.
A．tired
B．alone
C．anxious
D．breathless
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That
means
that
if
you
feel
anxious
and
worried
during
an
important
examination,
your
heart
may
beat
very
fast
and
you
may
feel
breathless
too.You
are
experiencing
stress.”可知，感到忧虑是压力的一种表现形式，即C项正确。
5.According
to
the
passage,
________die
of
heart
disease.
A．most
men
B．more
men
than
women
C．more
women
than
men
D．most
women
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In
many
countries,
heart
disease
kills
a
lot
of
women
and
even
more
men.”
可知，死于心脏病的男性比女性多，即B项正确。
6.
When
Annie
was
a
nurse,
she
felt
no
real
________
in
her
work
or
in
her
life.
A．unhappiness
B．breakdown
C．excitement
D．responsibility
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The
real
reason
was
that
she
felt
unable
to
make
a
positive
decision
in
her
job”和第五段中的“she
was
part
of
a
team
as
before,
but
where
she
had
responsibility
in
making
decisions”可推知，做护士时Annie自己不能做决定，所以她感受不到责任，即D项正确。
7.What
is
one
major
difference
between
Annie’s
new
job
and
her
old
one
A．It
includes
teamwork.
B．It
demands
higher
qualifications.
C．It
ensures
satisfaction.
D．It
involves
decision making.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The
real
reason
was
that
she
felt
unable
to
make
a
positive
decision
in
her
job”和第五段中的“she
was
part
of
a
team
as
before,
but
where
she
had
responsibility
in
making
decisions”
可推知，这两份工作的主要区别在做决定方面，即D项正确。
C
(2017·山西太原高三模拟)
At
39
weeks
pregnant
most
women
would
only
be
thinking
of
racing
to
hospital.But
not
Amber
Miller,
who
set
off
to
run
the
Chicago
Marathon
while
expecting
her
second
child
any
day.
As
she
neared
the
final
stage
of
the
race,
she
began
to
feel
pain
in
the
stomach.But
the
determined
athlete
managed
to
cross
the
finish
line
in
6
hours
and
25
minutes.
Unbelievably
the
Chicago
race
was
not
even
baby
June’s
first
marathon—Miller
ran
the
Wisconsin
Marathon
earlier
this
year,
four
months
pregnant.She
also
ran
another
marathon
when
she
was
about
four
months
pregnant
with
her
son,
Caleb.
Although
there
was
extra
weight,
the
seasoned
runner’s
time
was
just
3
hours
off
her
personal
best.
Miller
began
to
feel
pain
near
the
end
of
the
race,
but
she
was
not
sure
if
it
was
labor(分娩),
because
she
typically
feels
some
pain
when
she
runs
while
pregnant.After
her
race
her
husband
drove
her
to
Central
DuPage
Hospital
in
Winfield
where
she
gave
birth
to
the
healthy
7
pounds,
13
ounce
baby.
Miller
decided
to
run
because
she
and
her
husband
had
already
signed
up
for
the
race.The
athletic
mother
said
she
experienced
an
enthusiastic
welcome
from
crowds
as
she
ran
along.But
the
devoted
runner,
who
had
completed
eight
marathons,
admitted
that
she
did
get
a
few
strange
looks
along
the
course.
“I
know
what
I
can
handle.This
is
something
I’ve
been
doing
for
a
long
time，”
the
experienced
marathon
runner
said.
June
was
born
at
10：29
p．m.on
Sunday
night
after
seven
hours’
labor.“She’s
absolutely
perfect，”
Miller
said.“We
are
extremely
happy,
but
very
tired.”
After
her
surprising
double
achievement,
Miller
says
she
is
planning
to
take
some
time
off
to
concentrate
on
being
a
fulltime
mom.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，Amber
Miller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿June。
8．What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage
A．Miller
failed
to
finish
the
race
due
to
her
labor.
B．Miller’s
husband
was
against
her
running
the
race.
C．Miller
knew
she
was
going
to
give
birth
at
the
end
of
the
race.
D．It
wasn’t
Miller’s
first
time
to
run
a
marathon
while
pregnant.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，这并非Miller第一次以孕妇之身参加马拉松比赛。年初，已经怀孕4个月的她参加了威斯康星州马拉松比赛。此外，在怀着第一个孩子Caleb的时候，她也参加过马拉松比赛。故选D。
9．What
is
the
name
of
Miller’s
kid
born
right
after
the
Chicago
Marathon
A．Caleb.
B．June.
C．Amber.
D．Wisconsin.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句及倒数第二段中的“June
was
born
at
10：29
p．m.on
Sunday
night
after
seven
hours’
labor.”可知，芝加哥马拉松比赛结束后，Miller的小女儿June诞生了。故选B。
10．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
A．People
have
different
attitudes
to
Miller’s
action.
B．Miller
will
soon
return
for
her
favorite
marathons.
C．The
baby
was
in
danger
at
birth
because
of
the
race.
D．Miller’s
personal
best
in
marathons
was
over
6
hours.
A 解析：解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The
athletic
mother
said
she
experienced
an
enthusiastic
welcome
from
crowds
as
she
ran
along.But
the
devoted
runner,
who
had
completed
eight
marathons,
admitted
that
she
did
get
a
few
strange
looks
along
the
course.”可知，人们对Miller怀孕仍坚持跑马拉松比赛有着不同的态度。故选A。
11．What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．A
Young
American
Couple
Loving
Marathons
B．How
to
Finish
the
Latest
Chicago
Marathon
C．How
to
Train
a
Pregnant
Woman
for
Marathons
D．A
Pregnant
Woman
Giving
Birth
After
a
Marathon
D 解析：解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，Amber
Miller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿。故选D。
D
(2017·东北三省四市模拟)
The
following
simple
exercise
routine
works
as
well
as
prescription
medication(处方药)
without
side
effects.
A
jog
a
day
could
keep
your
headaches
at
bay:
regular
cardio
workouts(有氧锻炼)
may
prevent
migraines(偏头痛),
a
growing
body
of
research
suggests.
Migraine
patients
had
fewer
headaches
after
doing
40 minute
cycling
workouts
three
times
a
week
for
three
months,
according
to
a
Swedish
study.
The
exercise
routine
worked
just
as
well
as
one
of
the
top
migraine preventing
drugs—topamirate—but
without
side
effects
of
depression
and
tremors(颤抖)．
“Cardio
workouts
can
help
with
regular
headaches,
too，”
says
Alexander
Mauskop,
M．D.,
director
of
the
New
York
Headache
Center
in
Manhattan.
There
are
a
couple
of
theories
on
how
it
works.
“Breaking
a
sweat
may
relieve
stress，”
says
Dr.Mauskop.Headaches
are
often
triggered
by
stress,
and
if
you
remove
the
trigger,
you
release
the
pain.
The
feel good
chemicals
produced
when
you
exercise
actually
block
your
pain
sensors,
acting
as
a
natural
painkiller.
Since
headaches
can
be
caused
by
many
different
factors
like
genetics(遗传),
lack
of
sleep,
or
certain
foods,
the
cardio
workout
won’t
be
the
solution
for
everyone,
Dr.Mauskop
says.But
one
German
study
found
that
it
helped
65
percent
of
patients,
which
made
it
as
effective
as
the
best
medicines
on
the
market.
Dr.Mauskop
recommends
his
patients
do
a
half hour
reasonable
intensity(强度)
cardio
workout,
like
jogging,
biking,
or
swimming
three
times
a
week.These
workouts
are
meant
to
be
slow
and
steady,
as
opposed
to
high intensity
intervals
that
alternate
between
all out
runs
and
rest.
Pushing
yourself
too
much
or
increasing
the
intensity
too
quickly
can
trigger
headaches
in
some
people,
so
make
sure
your
heart
rate
doesn’t
jump
above
150
BPM.If
you
don’t
have
a
heart
rate
monitor,
then
breathe
only
through
your
nose.You’ll
know
you’re
going
too
hard
if
you
can’t
keep
up
that
breathing
pattern.
Your
migraines
could
start
disappearing
in
a
couple
of
weeks,
Dr.Mauskop
says.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇研究报告。研究人员发现，有氧锻炼也许能治疗偏头痛。
12．According
to
the
passage,
the
author
may
agree
that
________．
A．jogging,
swimming
and
fishing
are
cardio
workouts
B．neither
cardio
workouts
nor
topamirate
has
side
effects
C．migraine
patients
may
be
cured
by
regular
cardio
workouts
D．cardio
workouts
will
be
the
solution
for
everyone
with
migraines
C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Dr.Mauskop
recommends
his
patients
do
a
half hour
reasonable
intensity(强度)
cardio
workout,
like
jogging,
biking,
or
swimming
three
times
a
week.”可知，A项错误；根据第二、四段的内容可知，B项错误，C项正确；根据倒数第四段中的“the
cardio
workout
won’t
be
the
solution
for
everyone”可知，D项错误。
13．The
underlined
word
“triggered”
in
Paragraph
7
can
be
replaced
by
“________”．
A．cured
B．released
C．caused
D．monitored
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文的“Breaking
a
sweat
may
relieve
stress”和画线词后的“by
stress”可知，头疼往往是由压力引起的。由此可知画线词意为“引起”。故选C。
14．The
feel good
chemicals
produced
can
help
regular
headaches
because
________．
A．they
ease
stress
B．they
help
break
a
sweat
C．they
prevent
migraines
D．they
block
your
pain
sensors
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第八段中的“The
feel good
chemicals
produced
when
you
exercise
actually
block
your
pain
sensors”可知，选D。
15．What
would
be
the
best
title
A．A
Cure
for
Headaches
B．Side
Effects
of
Migraines
C．The
Causes
of
Headaches
D．Advantages
of
Cardio
Workouts
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了治疗偏头痛的好办法——进行有氧运动。故选A。
七选五
(2017·河北三市高三第二次联考)
What
is
happiness
When
you
can
feel
inner
peace
and
satisfaction,
you
are
happy.1.________
This
usually
happens
when
we
do
something
we
love
or
achieve
something
that
we
value.It
is
our
opinions
that
make
us
feel
happy
or
unhappy.All
of
us
constantly
go
through
various
situations
or
conditions,
but
we
do
not
have
to
let
them
influence
our
reactions
and
feelings.2.________
Try
hard
to
make
a
change
of
the
way
you
look
at
things.3.________
That
means
looking
at
the
good
and
positive
side
of
every
situation.Pay
attention
to
solutions,
not
problems.Listen
to
relaxing
and
uplifting
music.Watch
funny
and
interesting
programs
that
make
you
laugh.
Always
look
at
what
you
have
done
and
not
at
what
you
haven’t
done.Look
at
what
you
can
do,
not
at
what
you
cannot
do.Each
day
do
at
least
one
act
to
make
others
happy.When
you
make
someone
happy,
you’ll
become
happy,
and
then
people
will
try
to
make
you
happy.4.________
On
the
contrary,
be
happy
for
their
municate
with
happy
people
and
try
to
learn
from
them
to
be
happy.Remember,
do
your
best
to
stay
detached(冷静的)
when
things
do
not
occur
as
intended
and
desired.Detachment
has
much
to
do
with
inner
peace.5.________
A．I’ve
never
regretted
it.
B．Always
look
at
the
bright
side.
C．Do
not
envy
people
who
are
happy.
D．Stop
asking
for
everyone’s
approval.
E．Inner
peace
can
lead
to
happiness,
so
smile
more
often.
F．Here
are
a
few
tips
for
increasing
happiness
in
daily
life.
G．It
is
usually
experienced
at
a
special
moment.
【解题导语】 本文就如何提高幸福感提出了几条建议。
1．G 解析：
由空后一句可知，幸福感总是在我们做我们喜欢做的事情或者得到我们重视的东西时出现；据此可知，G项“在特定的时刻通常会体验到幸福感”引出下文，故G项正确。
2．F 解析：
根据下文内容可知，下面两段阐述的是提高幸福感的建议，所以选F项，F项起承上启下的作用。
3．B 解析：
根据空后一句“That
means
looking
at
the
good
and
positive
side
of
every
situation.”可知，选B项“要看到事物光明的一面”。
4．C 解析：
根据空后一句“On
the
contrary,
be
happy
for
their
happiness.”可知，空处的意思与“be
happy
for
their
happiness”相反，故空处选C项“不要嫉妒幸福的人”。
5．E 解析：
根据空前一句“Detachment
has
much
to
do
with
inner
peace.”可知，冷静地面对事情和内心的平静有很大关系，据此可以判断，空处阐述的是内心的平静和幸福的关系，故E项正确。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
完形填空
(2017·湖南四校联考)I’ve
always
had
strong
opinions
of
how
love
should
be
expressed,
but
others
had
their
own
ways
of
showing
care.
What
I
remember
most
about
visiting
my
__1__
parents
is
the
loud
tick
of
the
__2__
in
the
dining
room
as
we
__3__
ate
our
meal.With
so
little
conversation
I
was
quick
to
__4__
his
family
as
cold.When
we
got
into
the
__5__
to
go
home,
his
father
suddenly
appeared.__6__，
he
began
to
wash
the
windscreen.I
could
feel
he
was
a
__7__
man
through
the
glass.
I
__8__
another
lesson
about
love
a
few
years
later.I
always
return
phone
calls
__9__
and
regularly
contact
with
my
friends.I
__10__
the
same
from
them.But
I
had
one
friend
who
__11__
called,
answering
my
messages
with
short
emails.I
rushed
to
the
__12__
：She
wasn’t
a
good
friend！My
anger
__13__
as
the
holidays
approached.But
then
she
came
to
a
gathering
I
hosted
and
__14__
me
a
beautiful
dress
I
had
fallen
in
love
with
when
we
did
some
window
shopping
the
previous
month.I
was
__15__
at
her
thoughtfulness,
and
regretful
for
__16__
I’d
considered
her
to
be
uncaring.Clearly
I
needed
to
__17__
my
expectations
of
friends.
Far
too
often,
I
ignored
their
unique
__18__，
eagerly
expecting
them
to
do
things
in
my
__19__．Over
the
years,
however,
I’ve
learned
to
__20__
other
persons’
love
signs.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以前总是认为爱就要表达出来，
而且希望别人与自己的表达方式一样。但通过两则事例，
作者发现每个人都有自己独特的表达爱的方式。
1．A.own
B．boyfriend’s
C．girlfriend’s
D．father’s
B 解析：由后文的“his
family”可以推知，应是作者男朋友的(boyfriend’s)父母。
2．A.clock
B．table
C．plates
D．dishes
A 解析：由前文“the
loud
tick”可以推知是钟表(clock)的巨大滴答声。
3．A.excitedly
B．nervously
C．silently
D．instantly
C 解析：由下文的“With
so
little
conversation”可知吃饭时的氛围很安静(silently)。
4．A.regard
B．treat
C．get
D．have
A 解析：男朋友家里人在吃饭时几乎不说话，
所以作者立即认为(regard)
他的家人非常冷漠。
5．A.bus
B．train
C．car
D．plane
C 解析：由后文“the
windscreen”可以推知，此处指小汽车(car)。
6．A.Punctually
B．Carefully
C．Proudly
D．Coldly
B 解析：句意：他仔仔细细地(carefully)擦洗挡风玻璃。
7．A.cold
B．caring
C．tough
D．strange
B 解析：句意：通过擦玻璃，我能感觉到他是一个非常体贴的(caring)人。
8．A.understood
B．learned
C．taught
D．tried
B 解析：句意：几年后，
我又学了(learned)
一堂关于爱的教育课。
9．A.in
order
B．in
turn
C．without
delay
D．without
difficulty
C 解析：句意：我总是立即(without
delay)回电话，
经常联系朋友，我希望(expect)他们也一样。
10．A.intend
B．consider
C．expect
D．ask
C 解析：见上题解析。
11．A.regularly
B．rarely
C．even
D．still
B 解析：句意：但是我有一个朋友她很少(rarely)给我打电话，
用很短的邮件回复我的信息。
12．A.faith
B．suggestion
C．judgement
D．approval
C 解析：根据空后的“She
wasn’t
a
good
friend！”可知作者判断她不是一个好的朋友。judgement“判断”，
故选C项。
13．A.remained
B．failed
C．grew
D．quit
C 解析：句意：随着假期的临近，
我越来越生气。grow“增加”，符合语境。
14．A.handed
B．bought
C．helped
D．offered
A 解析：她来参加作者主办的一次聚会还递给(handed)
作者上个月她们一起逛商店时作者看上的一条漂亮的连衣裙。
15．A.depressed
B．upset
C．fascinated
D．shocked
D 解析：作者认为这个朋友不常和自己联系，
所以不是好朋友。而她却送给作者一个意外的惊喜，
所以作者肯定是非常惊讶的(shocked)。
16．A.how
B．what
C．why
D．whether
A 解析：作者此时对自己之前是如何(how)
认为朋友不是一个关心、体贴人的人而感到惭愧。
17．A.make
B．change
C．appreciate
D．draw
B 解析：作者通过这件事，觉得自己需要改变(change)一下对朋友的期望。
18．A.expectations
B．experiences
C．adventures
D．expressions
D 解析：句意：我忽视了他们独特的表达方式(expressions),
迫切地希望他们按我的方式(way)
去做。
19．A.manners
B．skill
C．means
D．way
D 解析：见上题解析。
20．A.send
B．read
C．give
D．express
B 解析：句意：然而，
几年后，
我学会了读懂(read)
别人爱的讯号。
语法填空
(2017·青海西宁第一次联考)Everyone
seems
1.____________(have)
his
or
her
own
holiday.Dad
has
Father’s
Day.Mom
has
Mother’s
Day.Children
have
Children’s
Day.Lovers
have
Valentine’s
Day.But
is
there
a
special
day
2.____________
older
people
Of
course.The
Chongyang
Festival
is
the
holiday
3.____________
Chinese
people
show
love
for
their
elders.4.____________(celebrate)
on
the
ninth
day
of
the
ninth
lunar
month,
the
festival
is
also
known
as
the
Double
Ninth
Festival.Nine
is
the
5.____________(high)
digit(数字),
so
it
6.____________(regard)
that
the
two
together
mean
a
long
life.
The
festival
comes
during
7.____________
golden
time
of
autumn.The
clear
weather
and
the
joy
of
harvest
make
for
a
happy
atmosphere.On
the
day,
people
8.____________(traditional)
climb
a
mountain
and
carry
dogwood(茱萸)．People
in
ancient
times
9.____________(believe)
that
the
plant
could
drive
away
evil
10.____________(spirit)
and
prevent
people
against
cold
in
winter.
【解题导语】 本文是说明文，
简单地介绍了中国的传统节日——重阳节。
1．to
have 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指每个人似乎都有自己的节日。seem后接动词不定式作宾语。
2．for 解析：考查介词。此处表示老人的节日，
强调“对象”，
故用介词for。
3．when 解析：考查定语从句。重阳节是中国人向年长的人表达关爱的节日。分析句子结构可知，
空处引导定语从句，
先行词是表示时间的holiday,
且空处在从句中作时间状语，
故用when。
4.
Celebrated 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，
celebrate与其逻辑主语the
festival之间是被动关系，
故用过去分词作状语。
5．highest 解析：考查形容词最高级。“9”被认为是最大的个位数字。根据空前的“the”可知，
此处应用high的最高级形式。
6．is
regarded 解析：考查时态和语态。人们认为两个“9”意味着长寿。根据上下文可知此处用一般现在时，
且it与regard之间是被动关系，
故用一般现在时的被动语态。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。此处指秋天的黄金时期，
是特指，
故用定冠词the。
8．traditionally 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰整个句子，
故要用副词形式。traditionally“传统地”。
9．believed 解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语“in
ancient
times”可知此处要用一般过去时。
10．spirits 解析：考查名词复数。spirit在这里表示“幽灵，
鬼魂”，
是可数名词，
故用复数形式。
课时练3 Ⅱ卷强化增分练
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分
45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2017·广州综合检测)Each
week
New
York based
hairstylist
Mark
Bustos
tries
to
make
a
small
difference
in
people’s
lives
61.____________
giving
haircuts
to
homeless
people.
During
the
week,
Mark
works
in
his
high class
salon,
but
each
Sunday,
he
walks
around
the
city
asking
people
62.____________
they’d
like
a
haircut.He
then
gives
them
a
stylish
haircut—63.____________
same
kind
he
would
give
to
any
paying
customer,
except
these
are
done
for
free
for
those
who
are
homeless
or
cannot
afford
a
haircut
64.____________
(them)．
Mark’s
work
began
in
2012
when
visiting
family
in
the
Philippines.Instead
of
just
65.____________
(take)
a
typical,
relaxing
vacation,
he
decided
to
give
poor
local
children
haircuts.“I
felt
so
happy
doing
it
that
I’ve
continued
since
returning，”
Mark
explains.
Changing
someone’s
appearance
can
have
a
huge
impact
on
their
life.Remember
the
homeless
retired
soldier
who
received
a
make over
He
found
a
job,
66.____________
(rent)
a
house
and
quit
drinking
alcohol
afterwards.67.____________
(simple)
changing
how
a
person
looks
can
give
them
a
huge
increase
in
68.____________
(confident)．
Mark
Bustos
proves
that
there
are
many
ways
69.____________
(give)，and
that
you
can
easily
use
your
70.____________(person)
abilities
to
make
a
difference
in
somebody’s
life.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了发型师Mark
Bustos通过给无家可归的人理发来改变他们的外貌，从而使他们增加自信心、努力改变生活的故事。
61．by 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，发型师通过给无家可归的人理发，试图给他们的生活来个小小的变化。by＋v. ing意为“通过……”，作方式状语。故填by。
62．whether/if 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，Mark周一至周五在高级美发厅上班，每个周日就在市区到处走走，问人们是否需要理发。whether/if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填whether/if。
63．the 解析：考查冠词。the
same意为“同样的”，为固定用法。故填定冠词the。
64．themselves 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指自己负担不起理发费用的人，因此应用所给词的反身代词。故填themselves。
65．taking 解析：考查非谓语动词。instead
of意为“而不是”，其后接动名词形式，作“of”的宾语。故填taking。
66．rented 解析：考查动词的时态。根据“and”连接并列成分可知，此处应与其他两个谓语动词“found”和“quit”时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填rented。
67．Simply 解析：考查词性转换。空格处修饰分词短语“changing
how
a
person
looks”，应用副词。故填Simply。注意首字母大写。
68．confidence 解析：考查词性转换。此处指改变发型能让他们信心大增，介词“in”后应接名词形式。故填confidence。
69．to
give 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作“many
ways”的后置定语。故填to
give。
70．personal 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰名词“abilities”，应用所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填personal。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2017·潍坊3月模拟)Life
is
an
mystery
and
we
will
never
know
that
what
is
waiting
for
us.But
one
thing
is
for
sure:
problems
are
unavoidable.For
us,
it’s
the
process
of
solving
problems
that
help
us
grow.
Make
a
speech
used
to
be
a
big
problem
for
me.With
a
strong
accent
and
terribly
pronunciation,
I
failed
in
speech
competition
many
times,
but
I
didn’t
hold
back.In
the
contrary,
I
considered
it
a
good
chance
for
me
to
improve
myself.I
recorded
my
speech,
listening
to
it
and
corrected
my
pronunciation.Now
I’m
confident
enough
to
give
my
best
speech
to
you
all.
My
dear
friends,
don’t
afraid
of
problems,
but
take
advantage
of
it
to
be
the
best
of
ourselves!
答案：
Life
is
mystery
and
we
will
never
know
what
is
waiting
for
us.But
one
thing
is
for
sure:
problems
are
unavoidable.For
us,
it’s
the
process
of
solving
problems
that
us
grow.
a
speech
used
to
be
a
big
problem
for
me.With
a
strong
accent
and
pronunciation,
I
failed
in
speech
many
times,
but
I
didn’t
hold
back.
the
contrary,
I
considered
it
a
good
chance
for
me
to
improve
myself.I
recorded
my
speech,
to
it
and
corrected
my
pronunciation.Now
I’m
confident
enough
to
give
my
best
speech
to
you
all.
My
dear
friends,
don’t
afraid
of
problems,
but
take
advantage
of
to
be
the
best
of
ourselves!
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2017·河北衡水中学期末)假如你是李华，今年寒假你将参加“英国名校两周游”冬令营，你计划2月份在伦敦逗留三天(2月13－15日)，住在Wellington
Hotel。你想与去年你们家接待过的来自英国的学生Charlie见面，请你给他写一封邮件，简单介绍伦敦的行程；希望见面并商量见面时间和地点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear
Charlie，
How
time
flies！It
has
been
almost
a
year
since
your
last
visit.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
One
possible
version：
Dear_Charlie，
How_time_flies！It_has_been_almost_a_year_since_your_last_visit.How
is
everything
going
with
you
and
your
family
My
parents
and
I
miss
you
very
much.
This
winter
vacation,
I
will
join
a
two week
camp
to
visit
some
of
the
famous
universities
in
the
UK.It
is
scheduled
that
we
will
stay
in
London
from
February
13th
to
15th.We
are
planning
to
have
a
tour
of
London
on
the
first
two
days,
when
we
will
visit
some
popular
tourist
attractions
such
as
the
Tower
of
London,
Westminster
Abby
and
Buckingham
Palace
and
so
on.
I
want
to
see
you
very
much.I
am
wondering
if
we
could
make
it
on
the
afternoon
of
February
14th
at
Wellington
Hotel，where
we
will
be
staying.We
won’t
have
any
planned
activities
then.Please
let
me
know
if
it
is
convenient
for
you.
Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
