Module
3 Foreign
Food
Section
Ⅲ Integrating
Skills
&
Cultural
Corner
Read
Cultural
Corner
and
choose
the
correct
answer.
1．The
passage
is
mainly
about
______.
A．a
willow
tree B．a
love
story
C．a
pattern
plate
D．two
songbirds
2．The
Mandarin
tried
to
stop
his
daughter
from
marrying
the
young
man，perhaps
because
______.
A．the
young
man
was
too
poor
B．the
Mandarin
looked
down
upon
him
C．the
status
of
the
young
man
was
low
D．all
of
the
above
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
false
A．The
willow
pattern
plates
are
kept
for
special
occasions.
B．The
first
plates
of
this
kind
were
made
in
about
the
17th
century.
C．No
original
Chinese
designs
included
all
the
designs
together.
D．At
last
the
daughter
of
the
Mandarin
and
the
young
man
were
burnt
to
death.
答案：1．C 2．D 3．B
1．In
short，he
liked
having
a
good
time.（P35）简言之，他喜欢玩得痛快。
in
short
总之；简而言之
Her
business
belonged
to
a
great
but
vanished
age.It
is，in
short，old fashioned.她的事业属于一个辉煌但已逝去的时代，一句话，已经过时了。
be
short
of
不及；少于；缺少
for
short简称，缩写
be
short
for
……的简称
in
the
short
term在短期内
（1）形势变得更糟糕；总之，我们一定不能失去勇气。________________________________________________________________________
答案：Things
got
worse；in
short，we
mustn't
be
discouraged.
（2）风暴要到了，总之，我们要有准备。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The
storm
is
coming.In
short，we
must
be
prepared.（3）票房收入未达到经理的期望。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The
box office
receipts
fell
short
of
the
manager's
expectations.
2．One
evening
he
was
entertaining
the
ruler
of
a
small
island
in
the
Pacific.（P35）
一天晚上，他正款待太平洋中一个小岛的统治者。
entertain
vt.&
vi.招待，款待，请客；使快乐；抱着；怀着
He
entertained
his
friends
to
dinner
yesterday.
他昨天请朋友吃饭。We
were
all
entertained
by
his
humorous
stories.他的幽默故事使我们大家都很开心。
I
have
never
entertained
any
illusions
about
him.
我从来没有对他抱过幻想。
entertainment
n.娱乐节目；娱乐表演；消遣
entertaining
adj.愉快的，有趣的 n.招待，款待
entertain
sb.（with
sth.）（用……）使某人快乐
entertain
sb.（to
sth.）宴客；（用……）招待某人，款待某人
entertainer
n.（娱乐节目的）表演者，演艺人员
（1）They
often
______
their
friends
at
weekends
and
they
always
have
a
good
time.
A．envy
B．interest
C．entertain
D．encourage
答案：C
提示：句意：他们经常在周末的时候款待朋友们，他们总是玩得很开心。entertain“款待，请客”，符合句意。envy“妒忌”；interest“兴趣，吸引……”；encourage“鼓励”。
（2）As
is
well
known，a
teacher
should______
as
well
as
teach.A．owe B．chew
C．remark
D．entertain
答案：D
提示：句意：众所周知，教师不仅要教书，还要能引起学生的兴趣。owe
“欠”；chew
“咀嚼”；remark
“谈起；说起”；entertain
“使娱乐”。
3．As
soon
as
the
Polynesian
guest
tasted
the
asparagus
he
remarked
how
delicious
it
was.（P35）
波利尼西亚客人一尝到芦笋，就评价说芦笋是多么可口。
remark
v.&
n.谈到，说起；谈论，评论
The
editor
remarked
that
the
article
was
well
written.
编辑评论说那篇文章写得很好。
The
guests
remarked
on
her
new
dress.
来宾对她那件新衣服评头论足。
remark
on/upon就……发表意见；评论
remark
that
谈到，说起
make
a
remark
on/about就……发表意见；对……评头论足
rude
remarks粗鲁的话
remarkable
adj.非凡的，显著的
remarkably
adv.非凡地
（1）我想就你的陈述发表一下意见。
I
want
to
______
______
your
statement.
（2）不要对她的外表大加评论。
Don't
______
______
______
______
her
appearance.
（3）评论家们指出这部戏剧不如想象中那么好。
Critics
______
______
the
play
is
not
as
good
as
expected.
答案：（1）remark
upon （2）make
any
remarks
about/on （3）remark
that
4．The
consequence
was
that
many
people
were
overweight.（P39）
结果是许多人超重。
consequence
n.结果，后果，影响（常用复数形式）；重要性
He
said
that
he
was
quite
willing
to
accept
the
consequences.
他说他完全愿意承担后果。
Don't
worry，it's
of
no
consequence.
别担心，这无关紧要。
consequent
adj.作为结果的，跟着发生的
be
consequent
upon因……而引起的，随……而发生的
consequently
adv.因而，所以
answer
for
the
consequences对后果负责
of
consequence有意义的；重要的
immediate
consequence直接后果
表示因果关系的一些常见短语：
as
a
result/as
a
result
of
由于（的结果）
because
of
由于，因为
due
to由于，归因于
thanks
to多亏了
owing
to
由于，因……缘故
辨析：consequence与result
consequence
指随之而发生的结果、后果，常指不好的结果、后果。
result
result指最后的结果，与cause（原因）相对。
（1）Many
houses
were
destroyed
in
the
hurricane
which
struck
the
area
last
week.______，the
victims
had
to
live
in
the
temporary
shelters
offered
by
the
Red
Cross.
A．As
a
result
of
B．As
a
consequence
C．As
usual
D．As
for
答案：B
提示：句意：许多房子在上周的飓风中被毁掉了，因此，灾民们只能住在由红十字会提供的临时住所中。as
a
result
of“由于……的原因”，其后要接宾语；as
a
consequence“因此”，表结果；as
usual
“像往常一样”；as
for“至于，就……而言”。
（2）______
being
in
hospital，Shelly
decided
that
she
wanted
to
become
a
nurse.
A．In
consequence
of
B．Because
C．As
consequence
of
D．In
favor
of
答案：A
提示：句意：由于住院的缘故，谢莉决定当一名护士。in
consequence
of＝as
a
consequence
of（＝as
a
result
of＝because
of）。
5．...to
crisp
Indian
samosas
and
lemon
grass
for
fragrant
Thai
dishes，dairy
products
such
as
yoghurt
and
cream，as
well
as
abundant
homegrown
fruit，especially
ripe
peaches，grapes，melons
and
oranges.（P39）
……松脆的印度萨莫萨炸三角饺和柠檬草为喷香的泰国佳肴，奶类产品，例如酸奶和奶油，还有丰富的国产水果，尤其是成熟的桃子、葡萄、甜瓜和柑橘。
1）fragrant
adj.
香的，芳香的
The
air
in
the
garden
was
warm
and
fragrant.
花园里的空气又温暖又芬芳。
fragrance
n.芬芳，香气，香味
This
perfume
is
made
in
several
fragrances.
这种香水是由几种香料制成的。
2）abundant
adj.丰富的；充裕的，大量的
The
south
of
China
has
abundant
rainfall.
中国南方雨量充足。
abundance
n.充足，丰富
abundantly
adv.大量地，充足地
be
abundant/rich
in
sth.……丰富，富于……
辨析：plentiful，ample与abundant
plentiful“丰富的，充足的”，常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面。
ample作“足够的”讲时，含有“充足有余”之意，只能修饰表示无形东西的名词，如：time，opportunity，而不能修饰表示有形东西的名词，如：tea，orange。
abundant“（数量）充足的”，常用于“人、物产、资源、雨量”等，含有“过多”之意。
（1）单句改错
①When
spring
comes，fragrance
smells
attract
a
great
number
of
bees.
________________________________________________________________________
②The
railway
from
Beijing
to
Lhasa
runs
a
region
which
is
abundant
with
wildlife.
________________________________________________________________________
③In
the
shop
a
bottle
of
perfume
was
broken
so
the
fragrantly
smell
attracted
the
customers.
________________________________________________________________________
④There
is
abundance
oil
and
gas
in
the
East
China
Sea，which
will
be
exploited，being
cooperated
with
Japan.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①fragrance→fragrant ②with→in
③fragrantly→fragrant ④abundance→abundant
（2）用plentiful，ample与abundant完成句子
①There
is
______
room
for
the
children
on
the
back
seat.
②Fish
were
______
in
the
lake
in
the
past.
③Our
country
has
______
natural
resources，which
are
being
exploited
and
used.
答案：①ample ②abundant ③plentiful
6．Altogether，with
its
ample
amount
of
food
and
drink
and
its
relaxed
way
of
cooking
and
serving...（P39）
总之，吃烧烤时不仅配有丰富的食物和饮料，而且其制作和上菜方式也让人感到很放松……
altogether
adv.总的说来；总而言之；完全地
Altogether，I
agree
with
you.
总的来说，我同意你的话。
I
am
altogether
on
your
side
in
this
matter.
在这个问题上我完全支持你。
I
don't
altogether
agree
with
you.
我并不完全同意你（的看法）。
He
has
bought
altogether
5,000
hectares
of
land，which
makes
him
a
millionaire
now，with
the
land
price
rising.
他总共买了五千公顷土地，由于地皮价格上涨，
这个事情使得他成了百万富翁。
（1）The
house
still
needed
a
lot
of
work，but
______
the
kitchen
was
finished.
A．instead
B．altogether
C．at
once
D．at
least
答案：D
提示：考查副词在具体语境中的运用。句意：房子还需要做很多工作才能完成，但是至少厨房部分已经完成了。instead“反而”；altogether“总共”；at
once“立刻，马上”；at
least“至少”。
（2）Queen
Elizabeth
Ⅱis
often
thought
to
be
the
richest
woman
in
the
world.______，her
personal
wealth
seems
rather
small.
A．Besides
B．Otherwise
C．However
D．Altogether
答案：C
提示：考查副词辨析。句意：女王伊丽莎白二世通常被认为是世界上最富有的女人。然而，她的个人财富却好像很少。besides“此外，而且，加之”；otherwise“否则，要不然”；however“然而”；altogether“总而言之，完全地，总共”。由句意可知，C项符合题意。
7．He
and
some
servants
followed
Kun
Xi
and
Chang
to
the
island
and
set
fire
to
the
hut
where
they
were
sleeping.（P41）
他和几个随从尾随坤喜和阿常来到小岛后，在他们睡觉的时候，放火烧了他们的茅舍。
set
fire
to
放火烧……
He
set
fire
to
the
dry
grass
and
began
to
dry
his
wet
clothes.
他点燃了干草，开始烤他的湿衣服。
set
fire
to
sth.＝set
sth.on
fire放火烧……，使……着火
make/build/light
a
fire点火
play
with
fire玩火；冒险
fight
the
fire救火
catch
fire着火（动作）
be
on
fire着火（状态）
put
out
fire灭火
go
through
fire
and
water
赴汤蹈火，历尽艰险
（1）用fire的短语填空完成句子
①The
building
____________
suddenly
yesterday
afternoon.
②Most
of
us
felt
hungry，so
we
____________
to
cook.
③I
will
____________
to
finish
the
task.
④The
person
was
arrested
for
his
____________
his
neighbour's
house.
答案：①caught
fire ②made
a
fire ③go
through
fire
and
water ④setting
fire
to
（2）He
was
accused
of
______
to
a
store
and
was
sentenced
to
death.
A．catching
fire B．be
on
fire
C．playing
with
D．setting
fire
答案：D
提示：句意：他被控告放火烧了一家商店并被判处死刑。set
fire
to“放火烧……”。catch
fire“着火（动作）”；be
on
fire“着火（状态）”；play
with“玩耍……”。
（3）It
was
reported
that
the
pictures
on
the
wall
suddenly______
in
a
mountain
village.
A．set
fire
B．caught
fire
C．played
with
fire
D．was
fired
at
答案：B
提示：句意：据报道，一个山村里墙上的画突然着火了。catch
fire“着火”，表动作。
8．The
two
of
them
were
killed
in
the
fire，but
their
souls
were
transformed
into
songbirds，which
you
can
see
singing
at
the
top
of
the
picture.（P41）
他们中有两个人在大火中死去，但他们的灵魂转化为鸣禽，在图片的上方你可以看到他们在唱歌。
transform
v.
转化，转变
The
educational
systems
were
transformed
a
lot，but
the
load
of
the
students
are
still
very
heavy.
尽管教育制度得到了很大的改革，但是学生的负担仍然很重。
They
seem
to
transform
from
boys
to
men
overnight，suddenly
become
tall
and
strong，handsome
and
graceful.
他们仿佛一夜之间由男孩变成了男子汉，突然变得高大强健，英俊潇洒。
transform...into...把……改变成……
transform
from...从……中转变
transformation
n.转化，改变
辨析：transform，transfer与transport
transform表示“改变，改造”，是指改变某人、某物的外观或特性。
transfer表示“转移，迁移”；是指把某人、某物从一个地方转移到另一个地方。
transport表示“运输，传送”，是指用交通、运输工具运送人或物。
（1）在过去的20年里，韩国已变成一个先进的工业强国。
In
the
last
20
years，Korea
______
______
______
______
an
advanced
industrial
power.
（2）我简直不敢相信我的家乡会发生这样大的变化。
I
could
hardly
believe
______
______
______
______
in
my
hometown.
（3）这些天，甚至在森林里散步，也成为一种大的体育运动。
These
days，even
a
walk
in
the
woods
can
______
______
______
an
“extreme”sport.
答案：（1）has
been
transformed
into （2）such
a
great
transformation （3）be
transformed
intoModule
3 Foreign
Food
Section
Ⅳ Writing
一、佳作展示与背诵
假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对“良好饮食习惯”这一话题进行讨论。请根据下列提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。内容要点应包括：
部分同学的饮食习惯
良好的饮食习惯
个人看法
1．不吃早餐2．爱好零食3．偏食4．饮食过量
1．饮食多样化2．饮食定时定量
重要性：有助于身体健康……
注意：（1）发言稿必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
（2）发言稿开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
（3）词数：100左右。
Dear
friends，
As
we
all
know，we
are
what
we
eat.Therefore，it's
very
important
for
us
to
form
healthy
eating
habits._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
That's
all.Thank
you!
参考范文：Dear_friends，
As
we
all
know，we
are
what
we
eat.Therefore，it's
very
important
for
us
to
form
healthy
eating
habits.However，bad
eating
habits
are
still
very
common
among
us
students.Some
of
us
often
go
to
school
without
breakfast；some
like
to
have
snacks；some
others
are
particular
about
food；and
still
some
eat
or
drink
too
much．All
these
bad
habits
will
surely
do
harm
to
our
health.
To
keep
fit，we
should
have
various
healthy
diets，which
generally
include
proper
amount
of
fish，meat，vegetables，fruit
as
well
as
main
food．Besides，we'd
better
have
meals
regularly.
In
my
opinion，we
should
try
to
develop
healthy
eating
habits
to
build
up
a
strong
body.Only
in
this
way
can
we
have
enough
energy
to
study
better.That's
all.Thank
you!
二、思路点拨
1．格式：演讲稿，属于应用文
2．结构：动词的时态：一般现在时 人称：第一人称
3．要点：用英语思维，理出写作要点。首先，列举说明部分同学的不良饮食习惯；然后陈述良好的饮食习惯；最后就这一问题提出个人的看法。
发言稿是生活中一种常见的应用文体，是参加会议的人为了在会议上表达自己的意见、看法、进行思想汇报或工作情况汇报而事先准备好的文稿。（一）格式
发言稿一般由称呼语、正文和结束语三部分组成。发言稿的开头和结尾一般有固定的格式。例如：
Dear
friends，
I
am
very
glad
to
introduce
myself
to
you...That's
all.Thank
you.
Dear
friends，
It
is
a
great
honour
for
me
to
speak
here
to
welcome
our
guests...That's
all.Thank
you.
（二）正文
正文常分为三部分：
第一部分：开门见山地提出本人要谈的问题及对问题的看法。
第二部分：说明理由。常用到的连接成分有：first
of
all，secondly，finally等等。
第三部分：照应开头，总结全文。可以对全文作简明扼要的总结，也可以谈自己的感想、看法或期望。常用到的句式有：In
short...，In
a
word，In
my
opinion，I
think，I
expect等。
（三）高考试题在命题形式上侧重于考查发言稿正文的写法。所以写正文时要注意以下三点：
1．观点要鲜明。中心明确，重点突出，但不必面面俱到。
2．条理要清晰。问题阐述要有条理，让人听起来容易抓住重点。
3．适当增加关联词和细节。发言稿开头与结尾已经给出。那么在命题形式上侧重于考查发言稿正文的写法，所以我们在根据要点组织正文内容时，可以适当增加关联词和细节，以使短文连贯、完整。
4．语言要简洁明快。发言时因为要直接面对听众，所以发言稿的特定形式决定了其语言的口语性强，因此应少用复杂句，多用简单句。要注意“三多一少”即简单句式多、祈使句多、情态动词多，修饰性词语少。但文中的句型也要善于变化，不要过于单一。
三、经典句式
1．Therefore，it's
very
important
for
us
to
form
healthy
eating
habits.
2．Some
others
are
particular
about
food.
3．All
these
bad
habits
will
surely
do
harm
to
our
health.
4．To
keep
fit，we
should
have
various
healthy
diets，which
generally
include
proper
amount
of
fish，meat，vegetables，fruit
as
well
as
main
food.
5．Only
in
this
way
can
we
have
enough
energy
to
study
better.Module
3 Foreign
Food
Section
Ⅱ Grammar
一、定语
功能
例句
单个词作定语的位置
英语中单个的形容词、数词、代词、普通格名词、分词、动名词和所有格等作定语（attribute）时，通常放在被修饰的词之前。
a
stone
building一座石头砌的大厦faded
flowers萎谢的花boiling
water开着的水boiled
water开水a
gone
case无可挽救的事John's
house约翰的房子the
risen
sun升起的太阳the
changed
world已经变化了的世界the
changing
world正在变化中的世界
短语作定语的位置
英语中的分词短语（participial
phrase）、不定式短语（infinitive
phrase）、介词短语（prepositional
phrase）、形容词短语（adjective
phrase）和长度短语（length
phrase）等，通常放在所修饰的词之后。
He
had
made
a
thorough
study
of
all
the
dialects
spoken
in
Scotland.他对苏格兰所有的方言都作了透彻的研究。The
woman
holding
a
baby
in
her
arms
is
waiting
to
see
the
doctor.那个抱着婴儿的妇女正等着医生看病。It
was
a
bolt
from
the
blue.这真是个晴天霹雳。On
the
top
of
the
hill
there
is
a
pagoda
about
a
hundred
feet
high.在山顶上有一座十丈高的宝塔。This
may
not
be
the
best
book
to
start
with.一开始读这本书不一定最合适。
多个单词定语的排列次序
英语中两个或两个以上的单词作定语放在中心词前共同修饰一个名词，其基本词序是由小范围到大范围，由次要意义到主要意义，由程度弱到程度强，由一般到专有。意思愈具体，物质性愈强，就愈近名词。限定词＋数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）＋描绘词＋大小、长短、高低等形体＋新旧＋颜色＋国籍＋材料＋名词
the
advanced
foreign
experience外国的先进经验the
ancient
Chinese
writer中国的古代作家the
three
Japanese
cities三座日本城市a
small
round
wooden
table一张木头小圆桌a
young
American
artist一个年轻的美国艺术家a
nice
little
old
black
Japanese
leather
bag
一个小的漂亮的黑色的日本皮革旧包a
lonely
white
sail一片白色孤帆a
round
chalk white
face灰白的圆脸a
high
steep
mountain陡峭的高山a
nice
long
new
black
British
plastic
pen
一支好看的长长的崭新的黑色的英国塑料钢笔
二、定语从句
定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：
1．引导定语从句。
2．代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所替代的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
关系词
功能
例句
that
指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。不用that的情况：a）引导非限制性定语从句时，不用that。b）介词后不能用that。用that的情况：a）在there
be句型中，只用that，不用which。b）不定代词，如：anything，nothing，the
one，all，much，few，any，little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。c）先行词由the
only，the
very修饰时，只用that。d）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。e）先行词既有人，又有物时，只用that。
The
school
made
three
rules
that
would
play
an
important
role
in
our
daily
life.学校制定了三条在日常生活中起重要作用的规则。All
that
is
needed
is
a
supply
of
oil.所需的只是油的供应。There
are
three
old
trees
in
our
school
that
were
planted
300
years
ago.在我们学校里有三棵三百年前栽的古树。She
is
the
best
student
that
we
have
seen.她是我们见到的最好的学生。The
only
thing
that
the
child
wanted
was
a
toy
dog.那孩子唯一想要的是一只玩具狗。Can
you
remember
the
scientist
and
his
theory
that
we
have
known 你还记得我们知道的那位科学家和他的理论吗？
which
指物，在从句中作主语、宾语。
He
lost
his
goat
which
was
worth
200
yuan.他丢了他的山羊，这只山羊值200元。The
package
which/that
you
are
carrying
is
about
to
come
unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。They
needed
a
plant
which/that
didn't
need
as
much
water
as
rice.他们需要一种不像水稻那样需要水的作物。He
has
been
to
Paris
several
times，which
I
don't
believe.他曾经到过巴黎好几次，我不相信。We
can
see
the
method
by
which
the
computer
works.我们能够看到计算机工作的方法。
who
指人（主格），在从句中作主语。
The
student
who
got
a
full
mark
in
the
entrance
exam
was
a
girl.在考试中得满分的学生是一个女孩。Is
he
the
man
who/that
wants
to
see
you 他就是想见你的人吗？
whom
指人（宾格），在从句中作宾语。
He
is
the
man
whom/that
I
saw
yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。This
is
the
classmate
with
whom
I'll
go
to
Qingdao.这就是要和我去青岛的同学。
whose
指人（所有格）whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以用of
which互换）。
Do
you
know
the
boy
whose
English
is
the
best 你知道英语最好的那个男孩吗？They
rushed
over
to
help
the
man
whose
car
had
broken
down.
那个人的车坏了，大家都跑去帮忙。
when（＝介词＋which）
指时间，在从句中作状语。
I
will
never
forget
the
days
when
I
was
forced
to
drop
out
of
school.我将永远忘不了我被迫辍学的时候。Do
you
remember
the
day
on
which
you
joined
our
club ＝Do
you
remember
the
day
when
you
joined
our
club 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？There
are
occasions
when（on
which）one
must
yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
where（＝介词＋which）
指地点，在从句中作状语。
Beijing
is
the
place
where（in
which）I
was
born.北京是我的出生地。The
room
where（＝in
which）he
used
to
live
has
now
been
turned
into
a
museum.他过去住的那所房子现在变成了一所博物馆了。
why（＋for
which）
指原因，在从句中作状语。
Is
this
the
reason
why（for
which）he
refused
our
offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？Do
you
know
the
reason
why
he
didn't
come
to
the
meeting 你知道他没有到会的原因吗？
as
as在从句中可作主语、表语或宾语。也可指方式、程度，在从句中作状语。as引导限制性定语从句通常构成such...as或the
same
as的固定结构。
As
is
known
to
all，China
is
a
developing
country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。John，as
you
know，is
a
famous
writer.约翰，就像你知道的一样，是个著名的作家。I
have
got
into
the
same
trouble
as
he（has）．我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。
三、非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容，或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号分开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which，who,
whom，whose等，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。关系副词有when，where等，在定语从句中作状语。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省略。
句式
指代作用
例句
as引导非限制性定语从句
指代主句的全部或部分内容，表示说话人的态度、评论、看法等，有“正如、像”等意思。定语从句可以置于主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等动词的主、被动语态句。
He
wasn't
unconscious，as
could
be
judged
from
his
eyes.他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。
which引导非限制性定语从句
which指代主句的全部或部分内容时，常表事实、状态、起因等，有“这就使得，这一点”等意思，常置于主句末。主句与定语从句用逗号隔开。
Dorothy
was
always
speaking
highly
of
her
role
in
the
play，which，of
course，made
the
others
unhappy.桃乐西总是称赞自己在剧中的角色，这使得别人不高兴。
先行词表示类属的事物时。
Football，which
is
a
very
interesting
game，almost
is
played
all
over
the
world.足球是一项非常有趣的运动，几乎全世界的人都踢足球。
先行词是专有名词时。
The
Nile，which
used
to
flood
every
year，now
runs
more
regularly
below
the
dam.尼罗河年年涨洪水，现在比较正常地在大坝下面流过了。
先行词是表人的职业、品质、身份等名词，作定语从句的表语时。
She
has
become
a
pop
song
star
eventually，which
her
mother
has
longed
for.她终于成了流行歌曲明星，这是她的母亲一直盼望的。
先行词是形容词作定语从句的表语时。主句和定语从句之间含有对比的意思。
Li
Ling
is
very
clever，which
Li
Long
isn't.李玲很聪明，李珑可不是。
先行词是集体名词，表示整体意义时。
My
family，which
has
35
people，is
a
large
one.我家有35口人，是一个大家庭。
先行词是国家名词表地域概念时。
Last
year
he
went
to
Egypt，which
is
in
Africa.他去年去了埃及，埃及在非洲。
who，whom，whose等引导非限制性定语从句
who，whom，whose指代人的普通名词、专有名词等。表示专指先行词等情况。在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
Bob's
father，who
worked
on
the
project，spent
four
years
in
Egypt.鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。
名词、数量词＋介词＋whom/
whose等引导非限制性定语从句。
I
decided
to
write
about
Chaplin，one
of
whose
films
I
had
seen
several
years
before.我决定写有关卓别林的文章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。
when，where引导非限制性定语从句时，在定语从句中作状语
在意义上，when＝and
then,
where＝and
there。
He
went
to
America
in
1912，where
and
when
he
was
noticed
by
an
important
film
director.他1912年去了美国，当时他在那里引起了一个重要电影导演的注意。
在介词＋where/when非限制性定语从句里。
His
head
soon
appeared
out
of
the
second
storey
windows，from
where
he
could
see
nothing
but
a
tall
tower.他的头很快从第二层楼的一个窗户伸出来了，从那里他只能看见一个高塔。
有时候where/when可以用介词＋which替换。
I
still
remembered
January
10，on
which
/when
he
came
to
see
me.我仍然记得1月10日，那一天他来看我了。
（1）Ellen
was
a
painter
of
birds
and
of
nature，______，for
some
reason，had
withdrawn
from
all
human
society.
A．which
B．who
C．where
D．whom
答案：B
提示：分析句子结构可知，从句缺少的是主语，排除C项和D项；根据句意可知，定语从句修饰的是a
painter，所以用who来引导。
（2）We
live
in
an
age
______
more
information
is
available
with
greater
ease
than
ever
before.
A．why
B．when
C．to
whom
D．on
which
答案：B
提示：句意：我们生活在一个比以往更容易获得信息的时代。when引导的定语从句修饰an
age。
（3）After
the
flooding，people
were
suffering
in
that
area，______
urgently
needed
clean
water，medicine
and
shelter
to
survive.
A．which
B．who
C．where
D．what
答案：B
提示：根据句意判断，需要纯净水、药品和帐篷的是“人”，所以该定语从句修饰的先行词是people，故选用who引导该定语从句并在从句中作主语。
（4）Sales
director
is
a
position
______
communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
skills.
A．which
B．that
C．when
D．where
答案：D
提示：“______communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
skills”在句中作定语，修饰先行词a
position，先行词在定语从句中作状语，相当于in
which，故where符合题意。句意：销售总监是一个交际能力和销售技巧同等重要的职位。故选D项。
（5）In
our
class
there
are
46
students，______
half
wear
glasses.
A．in
whom B．in
them
C．of
whom
D．of
them
答案：C
提示：句意：我们班共有46名学生，其中一半的学生戴眼镜。先行词是students，“一半的学生”应表达为half
of
the
students，在介词之后关系代词应为whom。故C项正确。
（6）It
is
the
third
time
that
she
has
won
the
race，______
has
surprised
us
all.
A．that
B．where
C．which
D．what
答案：C
提示：which引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面整个句子的内容。句意：这是她第三次在比赛中获胜，这使得我们都很吃惊。
（7）When
deeply
absorbed
in
work，______
he
often
was，he
would
forget
all
about
eating
or
sleeping.
A．that
B．which
C．where
D．when
答案：B
提示：which引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作表语，代替整个主句的内容。句意：通常情况下，当他沉浸在工作中时，他会忘了吃饭和睡觉。
（8）That
evening，______
I
will
tell
you
more
about
later，I
ended
up
working
very
late.
A．that
B．which
C．what
D．when
答案：B
提示：由空前的“，”可知该定语从句不能用that来引导，排除A项；what不能引导定语从句，排除C项；从句中的about
缺少宾语，因此排除不能作宾语的when，而which可以在从句中作宾语且可以引导非限制性定语从句，故选B项。
（9）Maria
has
written
two
novels,
both
of
______
have
been
made
into
television
series.
A．them
B．that
C．which
D．what
答案：C
提示：先行词为two
novels,
所以介词之后需要选用关系代词which。句意：玛利亚写了两本小说，都拍摄成了电视连续剧。故选C项。
（10）The
air
quality
in
the
city，______
is
shown
in
the
report，has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.
A．that B．it
C．as
D．what
答案：C
提示：由空前的“，”可知该定语从句不能用that引导；it和what不能引导定语从句；只有as可以引导非限制性定语从句，此处的as代替的是“The
air
quality
in
the
city
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.”。Module
3 Foreign
Food
功能
Reading
literature
句型
1．No
wonder
my
fellow
guests
had
had
only
a
few
bites
of
each
dish...→No
wonder
后面接从句，表示某事情是奇怪的2．We
would
never
mash
food
into
an
unrecognisable
shape.→would
和never连用，表示一种态度。3．As
soon
as
the
Polynesian
guest
tasted
the
asparagus
he
remarked
how
delicious
it
was.→as
soon
as
引导时间状语从句。
语法
1．Review
of
attributes复习定语2．Review
of
attributive
clauses复习定语从句
写作
Writing
about
an
embarrassing
moment
考点
end
up；定语从句；altogether
随着中国经济的发展，一些快餐店，如肯德基、麦当劳、温迪快餐、必胜客等如雨后春笋般地在中国涌现，而这也引起了一些文化冲突，让我们先睹为快吧。
Traditional
Chinese
hotpot
challenges
foreign
fast
food
Chongqing
hotpot，a
century
old
Chinese
dish
named
after
its
birthplace
—
Chongqing
City
—
has
become
a
potential（潜在的）rival
to
the
global
fast food
giants
like
McDonald's，Kentucky
Fried
Chicken
and
the
US based
Dicos.
Invented
by
local
boatmen
and
dockers
in
the
late
19th
century
and
early
20th
century，the
dish
was
made
from
cheap
meats，hot
pepper（胡椒粉）and
ginger（姜），which
after
being
boiled
together
in
a
big
pot
and
eaten
can
effectively
dispel（驱散）cold，damp
and
tiredness.
Xu
Zhongmin，vice
mayor
of
the
hilly
municipality（直辖市），said
more
than
1,000
hotpot
restaurants
appeared
in
the
city
alone
these
days，which
mainly
in
the
form
of
chain
restaurants
had
spread
to
23
provinces
and
municipalities
in
China
and
foreign
countries
including
the
United
States.
The
trend（趋势）has
caught
the
attention
of
global
fast food
giants
who
claim
they
have
never
met
a
completely
indigenous（当地的）Chinese
restaurant
chain.
“Hotpot
may
be
an
exception，”said
Huang
Yuejin.
According
to
him，a
common
weakness
for
most
Chinese
restaurants
is
that
the
tastes
of
their
dishes
rely
too
much
on
the
cooking
skills
of
individual
chefs
which
makes
it
extremely
difficult
for
chain
restaurants
to
achieve
standardized（使标准化）production.
To
solve
this
problem，Chongqing
hotpot
restaurants
learned
from
the
western
chains
to
standardize
their
raw
materials，condiments（调味品）and
menus
from
which
diners
may
choose.
Chou
Yi，secretary general
of
the
Chongqing
Hotpot
Association，predicted
that
with
more
and
more
people
trying
this
dish，the
name
hotpot
would
become
the
same
not
just
with
the
city
but
also
for
the
country.
诱思探究
Read
the
text
and
answer
the
questions.
1．What
is
the
major
weakness
of
Chinese
restaurants？（no
more
than
30
words）
________________________________________________________________________
2．How
to
solve
the
problem
mentioned
above
as
for
hotpot
restaurants？（no
more
than
20
words）
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．What
are
the
potential
influences
of
hotpot
according
to
people
related？（no
more
than
25
words）
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________答案：1．The
tastes
of
Chinese
dishes
rely
too
much
on
the
cooking
skills
of
individual
chefs
which
makes
it
extremely
difficult
for
chain
restaurants
to
achieve
standardized
production.
2．They
learned
from
the
western
chains
to
standardize
their
raw
materials，condiments
and
menus
from
which
diners
may
choose.
3．With
more
and
more
people
trying
this
dish，the
name
hotpot
would
become
the
same
not
just
with
the
city
but
also
for
the
country.
Ⅰ．词汇拓展
1．______
n.毒药→______
adj.有毒的
答案：poison；poisonous
2．______
v.使着迷→______
n.着迷；困扰
答案：obsess；obsession
3．______
adv.贪婪地→______
adj.贪婪的
答案：greedily；greedy
4．______
adj.臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的→______
adj.著名的
答案：infamous；famous
5．______
n.要求→______
v.要求→______
adj.必修的，必需的
答案：requirement；require；required
6．______
v.招待，款待，请客→______
n.娱乐→______
adj.令人愉快的；有趣的→______
n.演艺人员
答案：entertain；entertainment；entertaining；entertainer
7．______
adj.无法辨认的→______
v.辨认，认出
答案：unrecognisable；recognise
8．______
v.谈到，说起→______
adj.非凡的，异常的
答案：remark；remarkable
9．______
v.（正式）吃；喝；消费→______
n.消费者
答案：consume；consumer
10．______
adv.有正当理由地→______
n.正义，公正
答案：justifiably；justice
11．______
adj.丰富的；充裕的→______
n.大量，充足
答案：abundant；abundance
12．______
v.转化，转变→______
n.转化，转变→______
变压器
答案：transform；transformation；transformer
Ⅱ．短语互译
1．______
把……归功于…… ______
由于
答案：owe...to...；owing
to2．______
难怪 do/work
wonders
______ wonder
at/about（doing）sth.______
答案：no
wonder；有奇效；对……感到惊讶
3．______
看出，理解 make
up
______ be
made
up
of
______ be
made
in
______ be
made
of/from
______ be
made
into
______
答案：make
out；组成，编造，化妆，整理；由……组成；在……（地方）制造，由……制成；被制成……
4．______
放火烧…… catch
fire
______ make
fire
______
be
on
fire
______
答案：set
fire
to；着火（动作）；生火；着火（状态）
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．______
______
my
fellow
guests
had
had
only
a
few
bites
of
each
dish；they
knew
what
was
still
to
come.
怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。
答案：No
wonder
2．I
______
______
______
their
easy
and
graceful
manner
______
I
stood
there
feeling
somewhat
confused
by
the
food.我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。
答案：was
amazed
at；while
3．It
seemed
to
be
just
a
bowl
of
grey
liquid
and
______
______
only
after
I
had
tasted
it
______
I
knew
it
was
actually
cooked
with
mushrooms.
看上去那只是一碗灰色的汤，我尝了一下后才知道那实际上是用蘑菇做的。
答案：it
was；that
4．But
one
thing
I
______
______
is
the
polite
manner
______
______
British
people
eat，______
______
it
is
just
a
potato.
但是让我非常钦佩的一件事是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆。
答案：do
admire；in
which；even
if
5．The
perfect
host
is
the
one
who
______
______
______
______
embarrassment
______
the
cost.
完美的主人是能够不惜任何代价帮他的客人摆脱尴尬场面的人。
答案：saves
his
guest
from；whatever
Section
Ⅰ Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ．Read
Passage
1
and
Passage
2，then
finish
the
following
questions.
1．Which
mistake
did
the
writer
make
at
the
Chinese
banquet
A．He
thought
guests
couldn't
have
very
big
appetites.
B．He
thought
the
first
course
was
the
whole
meal
and
ate
too
much.
C．At
the
beginning
of
the
banquet
he
didn't
eat
too
much.
D．At
last
he
could
only
watch
as
the
banquet
continued.
2．What
impressed
the
writer
most
at
the
banquet
A．At
first，everyone
just
tasted
a
bit
of
each
dish.
B．He
couldn't
have
imagined
how
fabulous
a
real
Chinese
banquet
could
be.
C．The
quantity
of
food
served.
D．He
saw
a
kid
cheerfully
chewing
a
chicken's
head.
3．What
did
the
writer
think
about
eating
cold
food
A．British
people
like
cold
food.
B．The
writer
was
amazed
at
their
easy
and
graceful
manner.
C．British
people
like
to
mix
food
before
serving
it
at
the
table.
D．The
cold
food
was
a
meal
that
would
make
you
feel
cold
inside.
4．What
did
the
writer
find
shocking
A．There
was
a
horrible
black
substance.
B．There
was
something
ordinary.
C．Choudoufu.
D．Something
with
a
nice
appearance.
5．What
did
the
writer
want
to
tell
people
by
telling
about
his
experience
at
the
banquet
A．To
tell
people
that
Chinese
people
pay
great
attention
to
food.
B．To
say
he
was
not
experienced
at
a
Chinese
banquet.
C．To
tell
people
too
much
food
was
served
at
a
Chinese
banquet.
D．To
tell
people
to
eat
little
first
at
a
Chinese
banquet.
答案：1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A
Ⅱ．Read
the
text
again
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
Chinese
people
think
a
lot
about
food.I
think
that
they
are
sometimes
1．______
with
it．During
a
trip
to
Beijing
in
1998，I
had
eaten
Chinese
food
often，but
I
could
not
have
imagined
how
fabulous
a
real
Chinese
banquet
could
be.The
first
six
or
seven
dishes
seemed
to
2．______
the
table，with
plates
dangerously
balanced
one
on
top
of
another.To
my
surprise，more
dishes
arrived.There
was
enough
to
3．______
a
whole
army．Another
aspect
of
“food
culture”is
that
the
Chinese
seem
to
eat
almost
every
part
of
every
animal
—
much
to
the
4．______
of
many
westerners．And
there
are
other
kinds
of
foods
that
have
taken
longer
for
me
to
5．______.The
infamous
choudoufu
is
an
example.The
first
time
I
ate
British
food
I
was
in
the
canteen
of
a
London
publisher.I
was
6．______
at
their
easy
and
7．______
manner．At
the
counter
there
were
colourful
mixtures
in
eight
or
nine
big
boxes.Later，I
found
out
that
British
people
like
8．______
food．But
in
China，cold
food
means
9．______
and
you
don't
give
it
to
a
guest.I
also
learned
that
the
English
like
to
10．______
food
before
serving
it
at
the
table.The
food
here
goes
against
the
Chinese
sense
of
beauty
and
style
at
the
dinner
table．Chinese
dishes
can
be
photographed
and
have
a
nice
appearance.
答案：1．obsessed 2．fill 3．feed 4．horror 5．accept 6．amazed 7．graceful 8．cold 9．poverty 10．mix
1．Everything
you
see
I
owe
to
spaghetti.Sophia
Loren，Italian
actress（P29）索菲亚·罗兰，意大利女演员说：你们所看到的一切我归功于意大利面条。
owe
v.
应给予；归功于；欠（债、钱、情等）The
young
writer
owed
his
success
to
his
teacher's
encouragement.
年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励。
I
owe
a
debt
of
gratitude
to
my
family.
我很感激我的家人。
He
still
owes
his
friend
$3,000.
他还欠他的朋友3,000美元。
owe
sb.sth.＝owe
sth.to
sb.归功于；欠某人某物
owe
it
to
sb.that从句
归功于
owing
to＝because
of由于，因为
（1）海伦娜的快速痊愈也许应归功于她丈夫的精心照顾。
Helena
probably
______
her
rapid
recovery
______
her
husband's
devoted
care.
（2）他把他的成功更多地归因于好运气而不是多年的艰苦工作。
He
______
______
______
______
______
good
luck
______
______
his
years
of
hard
work.
答案：owed；to （2）owes
his
success
more
to；than
to
2．In
fact，I
think
that
they
are
sometimes
obsessed
with
it.（P30）
事实上，我觉得他们有时候对此到了痴迷的程度。
obsess
v.
使着迷 be
obsessed
by
/with被……迷住心窍
Wang
Hua
is
obsessed
with
computer
games
so
that
he
becomes
less
interested
in
his
study.
王华痴迷于电脑游戏，以至对学习不大感兴趣了。
He
was
obsessed
with
gambling
a
year
ago
and
lost
his
family.
一年前他迷上了赌博，结果失去了家庭。
obsessive
adj.着迷的，困扰的
obsession
n.着迷，牵挂
obsessional
adj.困扰于心的
（1）She
was
completely
o______
by
the
young
man
the
first
time
she
saw
him.
（2）O______
with
heroin，the
young
man
sold
all
he
had
to
pay
for
the
drug.
（3）His
______
with
computers
began
six
months
ago.
（4）Businessmen
must
know
their
competition，but
they
don't
need
to
______（沉溺于其中）it.
答案：（1）obsessed （2）Obsessed （3）obsession （4）be
obssessed
with
3．No
wonder
my
fellow
guests
had
had
only
a
few
bites
of
each
dish；they
knew
what
was
still
to
come.（P30）
怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。
no
wonder
怪不得，难怪；不足为奇；很自然
No
wonder
you
came
here
so
early；you
came
by
taxi.
怪不得你来得这么早，你是打的来的。
no
wonder＝It's
no
wonder难怪（后接从句）
do/work
wonders有奇效
wonder
at/about（doing）sth.对……感到惊讶
It's
a
wonder
that
说来也怪
wonder用法归纳
（1）后接“who，what，why等疑问词引导的宾语从句”或“疑问词＋不定式”时，表示“想知道”。
（2）后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时，表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。
（3）后接“that引导的宾语从句”“不定式短语”时，表示“感到惊奇；对……感到惊讶”，that一般可以省略。
（1）单句改错
Not
wonder
he
is
not
thirsty，he
eats
cucumber
every
hour.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Not→No
（2）令人惊奇的是，过了这么多年之后你还认得我。
______
you
recognised
me
after
all
these
years.
答案：It's
a
wonder
that
（3）It
takes
a
lot
of
energy
to
make
things
from
new
materials；______
some
people
always
buy
things
made
from
recycled
materials.
A．no
wonder B．in
case
C．up
to
D．on
behalf
答案：A
提示：句意：用新材料制作产品需要大量的能量，难怪有些人总是购买用回收的材料制成的产品。no
wonder
“难怪”；in
case“万一”；
up
to“达到某个数量”；
on
behalf“代表”。
4．Stomach，intestines，ears，tongue，tail，hoof，and
lungs
are
all
likely
to
end
up
on
the
dinner
table
in
front
of
you.（P30）
肚子、肠子、耳朵、舌头、尾巴、蹄子以及肺部都可能在你前面的餐桌上被消灭掉。
end
up结束，结果为
If
he
carries
on
driving
like
that，he'll
end
up
dead.
他照这样开车，早晚得死于非命。
We
were
to
go
out，but
ended
up
watching
TV.
我们原计划外出，但结果却是在家看电视。
end
up
make
ends
meet
收支相抵
in
the
end＝eventually最终地；终于
at
the
end
of
在……末尾
end
to
end
头尾相接
（1）Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep，and
you
may
just
______
sweet
dreams.
A．keep
up
with B．put
up
with
C．end
up
with
D．catch
up
with
答案：C
提示：句意：睡觉前闻闻花香，你可能就会做甜甜的梦。keep
up
with“保持”；put
up
with“忍受”；end
up
with“以……结束”；catch
up
with“赶上”。
（2）Joining
the
firm
as
a
clerk，he
got
rapid
promotion，and
______
as
a
manager.
A．ended
up
B．dropped
out
C．came
back
D．started
off
答案：A
提示：句意：作为一名职员加入公司，他很快得到提升，最后当上了经理。end
up
as“作为……而结束”；drop
out“退出，退学”；come
back“回来”；start
off“动身，出发”。只有A项符合题意。
（3）The
athlete's
years
of
hard
training
______
when
she
finally
won
the
Olympic
gold
medal.
A．went
on
B．got
through
C．paid
off
D．ended
up
答案：C
提示：考查动词词组辨析。go
on“（时间）过去，灯亮，开始运行，继续，接着，进行，发生”；get
through“完成，度过，（使人）明白，通过，接通（电话）”；pay
off
“还清（债），得到好结果，取得成功”；end
up“结束，结尾，停止”。句意：当这位运动员获得了奥运金牌时，她多年的辛苦训练终于有了回报。由句意可知，C项符合题意。
5．The
first
time
I
saw
a
three year old
kid
cheerfully
chewing
a
chicken's
head
I
had
bad
dreams
for
weeks.（P30）
当我第一次看到一个三岁的孩子高兴地啃着一个鸡头时，我做了好几周的噩梦。
这里the
first
time相当于从属连词，引导状语从句，可译为“第一次……”。类似的以名词短语来充当连词的还有：the
moment，the
minute，every
time，each
time等。
Every
time
he
returns
to
his
hometown，he
always
visits
his
playmates
in
his
childhood.
每次回到家乡，他总是去拜访他童年时代的玩伴。
The
first
time
I
saw
him，he
was
cleaning
the
room.
我第一次见他的时候，他正在清扫房间。
I
recognised
her
the
moment
I
saw
her
in
the
crowd.
我一见到她就从人群里把她辨认了出来。
（1）the
first
time可用来引导状语从句。
（2）for
the
first
time只能用作句子的状语，不可用来引导状语从句，它不具有连词的功能。
（3）It/This/That
is/was
the
first/second/...time＋that clause是个很重要的句型，其用法是：当前面的be动词是is时，后面句子用现在完成时；当前面的be动词是was时，后面句子用过去完成时，其表达的意思是“这/那是某人第几次做某事”。
（1）I
bought
a
lot
of
presents
for
my
relatives
______
I
went
to
Beijing.
A．the
first
time
B．for
the
first
time
C．first
time
D．by
the
first
time
答案：A
提示：the
first
time作连词引导时间状语从句。
（2）I
thought
her
nice
and
honest
______
I
met
her.
A．first
time
B．for
the
first
time
C．the
first
time
D．by
the
first
time
答案：C
提示：the
first
time作连词引导时间状语从句。
6．It
was
quite
hard
to
make
out
what
they
contained.（P31）
很难弄清楚它们究竟是什么做的。
make
out看出，理解，辨认出
He
can't
make
out
what
she
wants.
他不知道她想要什么。
Can
you
make
out
what
that
sign
says
你看得见牌子上写的是什么吗？
make
it做成，成功
make
up组成，化妆，编造
make
a
suggestion提出建议
make
an
effort
to
do
sth.努力做某事
make
use
of利用
make
fun
of取笑
make
a
difference有影响
（1）完成句子
①海上的空气改善了他的健康状况。
The
sea
air
has
____________
his
health.
②瑞士人充分利用他们国家的贫瘠的自然资源。
The
Swiss
have
____________
their
country's
poor
natural
resources.
答案：①made
a
difference
to ②made
good
use
of
（2）I
can't
______
the
words
on
the
blackboard.They
are
not
clear．Can
I
sit
closer
A．make
out B．find
out
C．bring
out
D．look
for
答案：A
提示：句意：我认不出黑板上的字，字不清晰。我能坐近点吗？make
out“辨认出”；find
out“查明”；bring
out“显出来”；look
for“寻找”。只有make
out符合句意。
7．The
waiter
put
these
foods
inside
bread
or
potatoes
according
to
people's
requirements.（P31）
服务人员按照各人的要求往面包或土豆里面塞这些食物。
requirement
n.要求，必要条件；需要，需要的东西
What
are
your
requirements，Mr.Johnson
约翰逊先生，你有什么要求？
We
all
accepted
his
requirement
that
he（should）go
there
by
himself.
我们都接受他要自己去那儿的要求。
safety
requirements
安全要求
meet/satisfy
requirements
for
满足……的要求
require
v.需要；要求，规定
require（需要）[类同need]
英语中有些动词后面的宾语从句或某些主语从句的谓语动词，常用虚拟语气“（should）＋动词原形”。可以运用下面的口诀巧记这些动词：“一、二、三、四”法。一个“坚持（insist）”，两个“命令（order，command）”，三个“建议（suggest，propose，advise）”，四个“要求（demand，require，request，ask）”。
（1）We
should
obey
the
requirement
that
all
passengers
______
go
on
board
thirty
minutes
before
the
plane
takes
off.
A．may B．can
C．will
D．should
答案：D
提示：that引导同位语从句，修饰requirement，从句中应用虚拟语气，即“（should）＋动词原形”。
（2）She
received
many
______on
the
design
of
her
new
dress.
A．dessert
B．requirements
C．customers
D．compliments
答案：D
提示：句意：她那件新裙子的设计，受到了许多人的称赞。dessert
“甜食”；requirement“要求”；customer“顾客”；compliment“赞美”。
8．Do
their
ideas
have
anything
in
common？（P32）
他们的观点有共同之处吗？
have...in
common
与……有共同点
John
and
I
have
nothing
in
common.
约翰与我没有共同之处。
To
my
surprise，I
found
I
had
a
lot
in
common
with
this
stranger.
令我吃惊的是，我发现自己和这个陌生人有许多共同点。
in
common共同，共有，共用
in
common
with同……一样
辨析：common，ordinary与usual
common常见的，不足为奇的（强调共性）；
ordinary平淡无奇的，平常的（强调“并不出众”）；
usual通常的（强调一向如此）。
（1）The
twins
have
______
in
common
______
the
elder's
eyes
are
dark
blue
while
the
younger's
are
black.
A．nothing；except
B．anything；but
C．everything；except
that
D．something；except
for
答案：C
提示：句意：这对双胞胎中大的孩子眼睛深蓝而小的孩子眼睛是黑色的，除此之外没有什么区别。have
everything
in
common“完全相同”；except
that后接从句。
（2）Jack
is
late
again.It
is
______
of
him
to
keep
others
waiting.
A．normal
B．ordinary
C．common
D．typical
答案：D
提示：句意：杰克又迟到了。让人等候是杰克的习惯和特征。typical意为“特有的，典型的”；normal意为“正常的，正规的”；common
意为“普遍的，共有的”；ordinary意为“平常的，普通的”，因此，A、B、C三项不能用来描述Jack的情况。
（3）用common，ordinary与usual填空
①Just
watch
his
______
behavior
and
you
can
know
what
kind
of
man
he
is.
②Colds
are
______
in
winter.
③Her
performance
is
out
of
the
______.
答案：①usual ②common ③ordinary
