Module
1 Deep
South
Section
Ⅲ Integrating
Skills
&
Cultural
Corner
Read
Cultural
Corner
and
fill
in
the
form
about
the
details
of
the
passage.
Parts
Main
idea
Details
Part
1（Para.1）
The
background
1．__（1）__
and
__（2）__
for
life
as
a
rich
trader.2．At
17，he
__（3）__
on
a
25 year
journey
to
__（4）__
with
his
father
and
uncle.3．They
__（5）__
one
of
the
most
powerful
men
on
Earth.
Part
2（Para.2—4）
The
book
1．Rustichello
__（6）__
what
the
boy
experienced.2．People
__（7）__
the
__（8）__
of
the
book，which
told
about
China
__（9）__．3．A
__（10）__
has
grown
up
around
him
that
he
__（11）__
such
things
__（12）__
ice
cream
from
China
to
the
West.
Part
3（Para.5）
The
influence
A
__（13）__
for
its
age.Most
importantly，regarded
as
__（14）__，it's
a
great
__（15）__
on
future
travellers.
答案：（1）Well educated （2）trained （3）set
off （4）mysterious，distant
lands （5）befriend （6）wrote
down （7）doubted （8）reliability （9）in
great
detail （10）myth
（11）introduced （12）as （13）unique
insight （14）inspiration （15）influence
1．But
when
land
came
into
sight，the
Endurance
became
trapped
in
the
ice
and
began
to
break
up.（P7）
但当人们看见陆地的时候，“耐力”号却陷在冰块里并开始解体。
1）come
into
sight进入视野，看到We'll
fire
as
the
enemy
come
into
sight.
敌人一进入视野，我们就开火。
at
first
sight乍一看；初见
catch
sight
of看见
out
of
sight看不见
come
into
being形成
come
into
power开始执政
come
into
use开始使用
2）break
up解体，分解；打碎；解散
When
the
ship
began
to
break
up，people
went
into
a
panic.
当船开始解体时，人们陷入一阵恐慌。
break
down出毛病，停止运转；抛锚；崩溃
break
into破门而入，强行闯入
break
in
插话
break
out（战争、火灾等）突然爆发
（1）The
furniture，with
its
modern
style
and
bright
colors，suits
modern
houses
and
their
gardens，but
looks______in
the
garden
of
a
traditional
home.
A．out
of
question B．out
of
order
C．out
of
sight
D．out
of
place
答案：D
提示：考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些家具有着现代的式样和明亮的颜色，适合现代的房子和庭院，但在一个传统的家庭庭院里看起来就不合适了。out
of
question“毫无疑问”；out
of
order
“有毛病，出故障”；out
of
sight“看不见的”；out
of
place“不合适，不协调”。
（2）He
had
to
pause
from
time
to
time
to
wipe
the
sweat
from
his
forehead，because
the
air conditioning
system
______.A．broke
in
B．broke
up
C．broke
out
D．broke
down
答案：D
提示：考查动词词组辨析。句意：他不得不时而停下来擦擦额头上的汗，因为空调坏了。break
in
“插话”；break
up
“打碎，（学校）放假，解散”；break
out
“爆发，发生”；break
down
“出毛病，停止运转”。根据句意可知选D项。
（3）Scientists
have
many
theories
about
how
the
universe
______
into
being.
A．came
B．was
coming
C．had
come
D．would
come
答案：A提示：考查时态的用法。因为“宇宙的形成”这个动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时来表示已经发生的动作。
2．The
captain
is
in
charge
of
a
ship.（P7）
船长掌管着船。
in
charge
of“掌管，负责”之意，有主动意味，主语常是人。
He
was
in
charge
of
the
shop
while
the
manager
was
away.
经理不在的时候，他掌管这个店。
be
in/under
sb.'s
charge由……照看
take
charge
of控制
be
in
the
charge
of由……掌管/负责，有被动的意味，in还可以用under代替。
free
of
charge免费地
charge
sb.with
sth.因某事控告某人
charge
sb.some
money
for
sth.因某物向某人索取……钱
（1）China
has
been
pushing
the
reform
of
public
hospitals
______
all
its
citizens.
A．in
charge
of B．for
the
purpose
of
C．in
honor
of
D．for
the
benefit
of
答案：D
提示：考查介词短语。in
charge
of“掌管，负责”；for
the
purpose
of“为了……的目的”；in
honor
of“向……表示敬意，为纪念……”；for
the
benefit
of“为了……的利益”。句意：为了全体公民的利益，中国一直推行公立医院的改革。故选D项。
（2）The
person
who
is
______
of
the
factory
has
______
ill
since
last
week.
A．in
charge；been
B．in
the
charge；fallen
C．taking
charge；fallen
D．in
charge；fell答案：A
提示：句意：这个工厂的负责人上周就病了。be
in
charge
of“负责，掌管”；take
charge
of“负责；控制”。根据时间状语since
last
week可知应用现在完成时。
3．Sunrise
and
sunset
come
once
every
six
months，and
in
the
winter
the
total
absence
of
daylight
can
be
tiresome，and
for
some，depressing.（P11）
日出和日落每六个月一次，在冬天，完全没有日照会使人无聊，甚至有时候，令人沮丧。
1）tiresome
adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的
This
is
a
tiresome
job
but
he
has
to
do
it
because
he
has
neither
knowledge
nor
skills.
这是一份烦人的工作，但是，他不得不去做，因为他既没有知识也没有技术。
tired
adj.疲倦的，劳累的
tiring
adj.令人劳累的，令人疲倦的
2）depressing
adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的
There
was
a
depressing
feeling
in
the
office
when
the
news
of
job
cut
was
announced.
裁员的消息宣布时，
办公室里有一种郁闷的感觉。
I
find
this
weather
so
depressing.
我觉得天气令人沮丧。
It
was
very
depressing
watching
the
news
on
television
tonight.看到今晚电视上的新闻，真让人沮丧。
depress
v.按下，压下；使沮丧，使不景气
depressed
adj.精神不振的，不景气的
depression
n.沮丧，忧愁
（1）We
found
his
long
tale
so
tiresome
and______
that
I
politely______him
to
go
on
speaking.
A．obscure；snapped
B．depressing；discouraged
C．modest；befriend
D．delicate；inspired
答案：B
提示：句意：我们觉得他讲的故事如此令人讨厌，令人抑郁，因此，我礼貌地阻止他讲下去。tiresome
and
depressing“令人讨厌，令人抑郁”，前后对应；discourage
sb.to
do
sth.“阻止某人干某事”。obscure“晦涩的”；snap“猛地咬住”；modest“谦虚的”；befriend“对待……如朋友”；
delicate“纤细的”；inspire“鼓舞”。
完成句子
（2）高利率依然让经济不景气。
High
interest
rates
are
continuing
to
______
______
______.
答案：depress
the
economy
4．We're
totally
isolated
except
for
radio
and
electronic
communications，as
no
aircraft
can
fly
here
for
about
eight
months.（P11）
除了无线电和电子通信，我们完全被隔绝，飞机大约八个月不能飞往这里。
isolated
adj.（被）孤立的，（被）分离的，（被）隔离的
isolate
vt.使孤立，使隔离
isolation
n.孤立；隔离
This
time
is
an
independent
time，but
is
not
an
isolated
time.
这个时代是一个独立的时代，但不是一个孤立的时代。
—Don't
tease
me.I'm
sure
he'll
help
me.
—Don't
count
on
him.You
will
______，particularly
when
you
are
lack
of
money.
A．be
sunburnt B．be
portable
C．be
fragile
D．be
isolated
答案：D
提示：句意：——不要嘲笑我，我肯定他会帮忙。——他可靠不住，你会孤独无援的，尤其是当你缺钱的时候。sunburnt“晒伤的”；portable
“轻便的”；fragile“易碎的”；isolated“孤立的”。
5．We
discourage
you
from
smoking
except
in
specific
areas.（P11）
除了在特定区域，我们劝你不要吸烟。
discourage
v.阻止，打消……的念头；使泄气，使灰心
The
thought
of
how
much
she
could
earn
discouraged
her
from
applying
for
the
job.
她究竟能挣多少钱的想法让她打消了申请那份工作的念头。
We
discouraged
him
from
giving
up
the
job.
我们劝他不要放弃那份工作。
encourage
v.鼓励
encourage
sb.to
do
sth.鼓励某人做某事
discouraging
adj.令人泄气的，使人沮丧的
discouraged
adj.泄气的，沮丧的
discourage
sb.from
doing
sth.劝某人不做某事
（1）Difficulties
and
failures
did
not
______
them.Instead，they
continued
their
efforts.
A．comfort B．convince
C．discourage
D．inspire
答案：C
提示：discourage“使气馁”。句意：困难和失败都没有使他们气馁，相反，他们继续努力。comfort“安慰”；convince“使信服”；inspire“鼓励”。
完成句子
（2）让我们开展劝阻青少年吸烟的运动吧！
Let's
start
a
campaign
to
______
______
among
the
teenagers!
（3）他的父母亲劝他不要单独进入深山探险。
His
parents
______
______
______
______
on
exploring
into
the
mountains
by
himself.
答案：（2）discourage
smoking （3）discouraged
him
from
going
6．Medical
assistance
is
available
in
case
of
an
emergency.（P11）
如有紧急情况会有医疗援助。
in
case
of如果，假使
In
case
of
the
earthquake，two
thousand
teachers
and
students
can
rush
to
the
playground
in
two
minutes.
一旦发生地震，2,000名师生在2分钟之内能够冲向操场。
in
case
假使，万一
in
most
cases
在大多数情况下
in
this/that
case如果是这样/那样的话
in
any
case
无论如何
as
is
often
the
case这是常有的事
（1）Leave
your
key
with
your
neighbor
______
you
lock
yourself
out
one
day.
A．as
long
as B．even
though
C．in
case
D．as
if
答案：C
提示：考查状语从句。句意：将你钥匙留给你的邻居以防你某天会把自己锁在外面。as
long
as
“只要”；even
though
“即使”；in
case“以防万一”；as
if“好像”。根据句意C项正确。
（2）—Thank
God
you're
safe!
—I
stepped
back，just
______
to
avoid
the
racing
car.
A．in
time
B．in
case
C．in
need
D．in
vain
答案：A
提示：考查介词短语。in
time“及时，终于”；in
case“以防，万一”；in
need“需要”；in
vain“徒劳，无益地”。句意：——感谢上帝，你没事。——我往后退了退，刚好及时地避开了赛车。
7．While
on
their
journey
buying
and
selling
spices，silks
and
jewels，they
befriend
one
of
the
most
powerful
men
on
Earth，Kubla
Khan.（P13）
他们在旅途中买进和卖出香料、丝绸和珠宝，与世界上最有权势的人之一，忽必烈汗交为朋友。
befriend
vt.待人如友，帮助
You'll
never
be
lonely
if
you
learn
to
befriend
yourself.
如果你学会对自己友好，那么你永远也不会感到孤独。
be 为前缀，与名词和形容词结合，构成及物动词，意为“使……”，如：belittle。
（1）我初到伦敦求学时，他们如同朋友一般地照顾我。
They
______
______
when
I
first
arrived
in
London
as
a
student.
答案：befriended
me
（2）Traders
should______
customers，which
can
______their
commercial
business.
A．be
friends；promote
B．befriend；be
promoted
C．befriend；promote
D．befriends；promotes
答案：C
提示：句意：商人应该对待客户如朋友，这样能够促进他们的生意。befriend
v.“成为好朋友”；promote
“促进”。Module
1 Deep
South
功能
Writing
notes
句型
1．It
is
difficult
to
imagine
a
more
inhospitable
place.→It
is
difficult
to
do...干某事是困难的。2．Some
forms
of
algae
have
adapted
to
grow
on
ice.→adapt
to适应……3．The
aim
of
the
treaty
is
to
prevent
the
commercial
and
military
use
of
the
continent.→The
aim
of...is
to
do
sth.……的目的是干某事情
语法
1．Review
of
subjects（复习主语）2．Review
of
verbs（复习动词）
写作
Writing
about
the
Antarctic
考点
with复合结构；balance；not
until倒装；主语及动词；charge
企鹅身体肥胖，憨厚可爱，它的原名是“肥胖的鸟”。因为它们经常在岸边抬头远眺，好像在企望着什么，因此人们便把这种肥胖的鸟叫做企鹅。
Penguins
When
summer
nears
its
end
in
Antarctica，emperor
penguins
jump
out
of
the
water
and
gather
together
to
begin
a
long
march.They
march
to
their
nesting
ground
100
miles
away.When
they
arrive，each
penguin
chooses
a
mate
and
starts
a
family．As
winter
comes
and
the
sun
goes
down，the
penguins
huddle（聚集）together
against
the
cold
and
wait.Finally，in
the
middle
of
the
cold
winter，the
females
begin
laying
their
eggs.When
the
eggs
are
laid，they
are
gently
passed
to
the
fathers.The
mothers
then
leave
for
the
sea
to
eat
and
bring
food
back
for
their
babies.While
the
mothers
are
away，winter
begins
to
leave，light
returns
to
Antarctica，and
the
eggs
begin
to
hatch（孵）．The
babies
are
hungry，so
while
they
wait
for
their
mothers
to
return，the
fathers
release（释放）a
milky
substance
from
their
throats
and
feed
it
to
their
newborn
chicks.Finally，the
mothers
return
to
feed
their
babies，and
the
fathers
go
off
to
the
sea
to
feed
themselves．As
the
weeks
go
by，the
parents
take
turns
going
back
and
forth
to
the
sea
to
keep
their
babies
full.The
chicks
spend
more
time
together
and
grow
stronger
each
day.In
December，the
middle
of
summer，the
chicks
are
almost
grown
and
they
are
ready
to
head
to
the
sea.Once
they
are
there，they
plunge（猛冲）into
the
water
and
go
home
for
the
very
first
time.They
spend
four
years
living
at
sea，but
when
the
warmer
days
begin
to
cool
in
their
fifth
year，they
know
it
is
time
to
begin
their
march，start
their
own
families，and
bring
new
life
to
Antarctica.
诱思探究
Decide
whether
the
following
statements
are
true（T）or
false（F）．
1．Each
penguin
chooses
a
mate
and
starts
a
family
when
summer
comes.（ ）
2．After
the
eggs
are
laid，the
mothers
leave
for
the
sea
to
eat.（ ）
3．Sometimes
the
mothers
release
a
milky
substance
and
feed
it
to
their
newborn
chicks.（ ）
4．The
parents
take
turns
going
back
and
forth
to
the
sea
to
keep
their
babies
full.（ ）
5．The
chicks
begin
their
march
at
the
age
of
5.（ ）
答案：1．F 2．T 3．F 4．T 5．T
Ⅰ．词汇拓展
1．______
n.深度→______
adj.深的→______
adv.深深地
答案：depth；deep；deeply
2．______
adj.极端的，极度的→______
adv.极端地
答案：extreme；extremely
3．______
n.（对某地区的）勘查→______
v.探索，勘探→______
n.探险家，勘探者
答案：exploration；explore；explorer
4．______
n.（不断的）竞争→______
n.对手，敌手
答案：rivalry；rival5．______
adj.商业的→______
n.商业，贸易
答案：commercial；commerce
6．______
adj.不正常的，反常的→______
adj.正常的
答案：abnormal；normal
7．______
n.缺乏，没有→______
adj.缺乏的，缺席的→______
adj.出席的，到场的→______
n.出席，到场
答案：absence；absent；present；presence
8．______
adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→______
vt.使沮丧；压下→______
n.抑郁；沮丧，不景气
答案：depressing；depress；depression
9．______
adj.传说中的→______
n.传说，传奇人物
答案：legendary；legend
10．______
n.可靠性→______
adj.可靠的，可信赖的
答案：reliability；reliable
Ⅱ．短语互译
1．______
逃离，突然离开 run
away
from
____________
答案：run
away；回避，逃避
2．______
平均 above
the
average
____________ below
the
average
____________
答案：on
average；一般水平之上；一般水平之下
3．______
适应 adjust（oneself）to
____________
答案：adapt
to；（使）适应
4．______
进入，到达 on
foot
____________
答案：set
foot
on；步行
5．______
提出，想出 put
up
with
____________ catch
up
with
______ keep
up
with
____________
答案：come
up
with；忍受；赶上；与……齐头并进
6．______
负责，主管 ______
由……负责/管理 take
charge
of
______ free
of
charge
______
答案：in
charge
of；in
the
charge
of；负责，管理；免费地
7．______
如果；假使 in
case
______
答案：in
case
of；假使，以防万一
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．______
______
______
______
______
______，Antarctica
is
technically
a
desert.
南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。
答案：With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero
2．______
______
it
is
two
kilometres
thick，but
in
some
places
it
______
______
______
______
five
kilometres.
（冰层）平均厚度达2,000米，但某些地方厚度可达5,000米。
答案：On
average；reaches
a
depth
of
3．Yet
Antarctica
is
full
of
wildlife，which
______
______
______
its
extreme
conditions.
但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。
答案：has
adapted
to
4．In
1961，a
treaty
signed
by
12
countries，including
Britain，France，and
the
USA，______
Antarctica
______
______
______
______
______.
1961年，包括英国、法国和美国在内的12个国家签署了一份条约，使南极洲成为世界上最大的自然保护区。
答案：made；the
world's
biggest
nature
reserve
5．But
when
land
came
into
sight，the
Endurance
______
______
______
the
ice
and
began
to
______
______.
但当人们看见陆地的时候，“耐力”号却陷在冰块里并开始解体。
答案：became
trapped
in；break
up
Section
Ⅰ Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
Ⅰ．Read
the
text
and
choose
the
correct
answer.
1．How
much
of
the
surface
is
covered
permanently
in
the
ice
cap
A．90%. B．70%.
C．98%.
D．80%.
2．How
long
does
the
long
Antarctic
winter
night
last
A．12
centuries.
B．15
days.
C．11
centuries.
D．182
days.
3．Why
are
the
Antarctic
rocks
easy
to
see
A．Because
they
are
white
while
the
background
are
black.
B．Because
they
are
black
while
the
background
are
white.
C．Because
they
are
useful
while
the
background
are
useless.
D．Because
they
are
outer
while
the
background
are
inner.
4．Who
was
the
first
to
land
on
the
Antarctic
A．James
Cook.
B．Roald
Amundsen.
C．Greek
geographers.
D．Carstens
Borchgrevink.
5．What
was
the
aim
to
make
the
treaty
in
1961
A．To
stop
the
commercial
and
military
use
of
the
continent.
B．To
prevent
the
research
in
the
Antarctic.
C．To
keep
the
hunters
from
killing
the
penguins.
D．To
avoid
the
war
between
the
advanced
countries.答案：1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A
Ⅱ．Read
the
text
and
complete
the
chart.
Heading
Main
idea
Part
1
The
land
Antarctica
is
an
inhospitable
place
because
it
is
the
1．______
and
the
driest
place
on
Earth
and
is
2．______
with
ice.
Part
2
Plants
and
animals
As
a
result
of
its
3．______
conditions
only
few
types
of
plants
can
survive
there，but
it
is
full
of
4．______.
Part
3
A
great
place
for
researchers
Antarctic
ice
and
5．______
can
give
researchers
lots
of
useful
information.
Part
4
The
discovery
of
Antarctica
Antarctica
was
the
6．______
continent
to
be
discovered
and
Carstens
Borchgrevink
was
the
first
man
to
set
7．______
on
the
Antarctic
mainland.
Part
5
The
Antarctic
treaty
The
aim
of
the
treaty
signed
by
12
countries
is
to
8．______
Antarctica
and
Antarctica
has
become
perhaps
the
most
9．______
of
man's
efforts
to
work
together
for
10．______.
答案：1．coldest 2．permanently
covered 3．extreme 4．wildlife 5．rocks 6．last 7．foot 8．protect 9．successful
symbol 10．progress
and
peace
1．With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero，Antarctica
is
technically
a
desert.（P2）
南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。
with
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero为介词短语，表示原因，由“介词with＋名词＋形容词（词组）”构成with复合结构。
1）with复合结构构成：with＋宾语＋形容词/副词（短语）/介词短语/分词/动词不定式等。
2）位置：常位于句首、句末，有时位于句中。
3）功能：作状语或定语。
With
so
many
students
weak
in
their
pronunciation，they
started
from
the
beginning.
由于很多学生发音不准，他们从头开始。
The
little
boy
fell
onto
the
ground，with
one
of
his
teeth
out.
小男孩摔倒在地，磕去了一颗牙。
He
lay
on
the
grass
with
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
sky.
他躺在草地上，眼睛注视着天空。
He
sat
there
with
his
hand
pointing
at
me.
他坐在那里，手指着我。
Our
teacher
went
in，with
a
pile
of
papers
in
his
hand.
老师进来了，手里拿着一摞试卷。
Mum
went
shopping
early
in
the
morning
with
a
lot
of
things
to
buy
for
our
family
party.
因家庭聚会要买很多东西，妈妈一大早就去购物了。
（1）With______，some
animals
are
facing
the
danger
of
dying
out.（cut）由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
答案：more
and
more
forests/trees（being）cut
down
（2）In
the
reading
room，we
found
her
______
at
a
desk，with
her
attention
______
on
a
book.
A．seating；fixing B．seated；fixed
C．sitting；fixing
D．to
sit；fixed
答案：B
提示：第一个空考查分词作宾语补足语，可用sitting或seated（be
seated
表示状态，不表被动）；第二个空中attention和fix是逻辑上的被动关系，故用with＋宾语＋过去分词。
（3）The
old
couple
often
take
a
walk
after
supper
in
the
park
with
their
pet
dog
______
them.
A．to
follow
B．following
C．followed
D．follows
答案：B
提示：考查非谓语动词。句意：这对老年夫妇经常晚饭后去公园散步，后面跟着他们的宠物狗。此处是with的复合结构，宾语dog与作宾语补足语的follow存在逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随情况，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。
2．Yet
Antarctica
is
full
of
wildlife，which
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.（P2）
但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。
1）adapt
to（使）适应
Many
software
companies
have
adapted
popular
programs
to
the
new
operating
system.
多家软件公司已改装普及程序以适应新的操作系统。
Our
government
adapted
the
train's
speed
to
ensure
safety
after
Wenzhou
train
crash
accident.
温州列车追尾事故后，政府已调整列车的速度以确保安全。
adjust
to＝adapt
to（使）适应
adapt
oneself
to
sth.使某人适应（新情况）
adapt
sth.from
sth.将某物改编/改写为……
adapt
from根据……改编/改写
（1）新生对于那些规定适应得很慢。
The
new
students
are
very
slow
to
______
______
______
______.
答案：adapt
to
the
rules
单句改错
（2）After
they
moved
to
Canada，the
children
adapted
them
to
the
new
situations
quickly.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：them→themselves
（3）Some
species
of
animals
have
died
out
because
they
could
not
adapt
a
changing
environment.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：adapt后加to
2）extreme
adj.极端的，极度的 n.极端
The
international
situation
has
reached
a
point
of
extreme
gravity.
国际形势已发展到极其严峻的地步。
Sometimes
he
eats
too
much
and
sometimes
nothing，that
is，he
goes
from
one
extreme
to
the
other.
他有时吃得太多，有时不吃，也就是说，从一个极端走到另一个极端。
（1）他们采取极端的手段节约燃料。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：They
took
extreme
measures
to
conserve
fuel.
（2）你的邀请使他高兴极了。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Your
invitation
gave
him
extreme
joy.
3．Gases
and
minerals，in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
trapped
in
the
ice，can
tell
us
a
lot
about
what
the
world's
climate
was
like
in
past
ages.（P2）
这些以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。
trap
v.储存，留存；使陷入困境；卡住，夹住；设陷阱捕捉
n.陷阱；诡计
The
policeman
found
some
evidence
trapped
on
the
wall.
警察发现了留存在墙上的证据。
Many
women
are
trapped
in
loveless
marriages.
许多妇女陷入没有爱情的婚姻之中。
set/lay
a
trap设下圈套
be
caught
in
a
trap落入圈套
be
trapped
into（doing）sth.被困住；掉入圈套，上当
be/get
trapped被困住
（1）We
______（陷入）the
traffic
jam
on
our
way
home.
答案：were
trapped
into
（2）The
villagers
______（被困在）the
flood
and
waited
for
rescue.
答案：were/got
trapped
in
（3）The
sand
______in
the
soil
means
there
was
a
river
a
long
time
ago.
A．to
trap
B．trapping
C．trapped
D．traps
答案：C
提示：The
sand与trap之间存在被动关系，故用trapped作后置定语。
4．But
more
than
two
thousand
years
ago
Greek
geographers
believed
that
there
was
a
large
land
mass
in
the
south
which
balanced
the
land
in
the
north.（P3）
但是两千多年以前，（古）希腊的地理学家就相信地球南边会存在一大块陆地来与北边的陆地保持平衡。
1）mass
n.块，团，堆；大量，群众；质量；多数
The
mass
of
workers
do
not
want
this
strike.
大多数工人不愿意举行这次罢工。
a
mass
of大量；大宗
masses
of许多的；大量的
in
the
mass总的说来，总体上
2）balance
v.使平衡；相抵，抵消 n.平衡
How
long
can
you
balance
on
one
leg
你单腿能够站多久？
His
lack
of
experience
was
balanced
by
his
willingness
to
learn.
他的悉心好学弥补了经验不足。
keep（one's）balance保持平衡
lose（one's）balance
失去平衡
on
balance
总而言之
in
the
balance
悬而未决
（1）我们仍然可以抽出许多时间。
We
still
had
____________
to
spare.
（2）They
had
to
kill
large
quantities
of
sheep__________（平衡）the
grass
and
soil.
（3）The
old
man，____________（总而言之），did
all
he
could
to
help
his
sons
to
live
better.
（4）Our
plans
were
left
hanging
____________（悬而未决）．
答案：（1）masses
of/much
time （2）to
balance （3）on
balance （4）in
the
balance
（5）You
are
working
too
hard.You'd
better
keep
a
______
between
work
and
relaxation.
A．promise
B．lead
C．balance
D．diary
答案：C
提示：考查名词辨析。句意：你工作太努力了。你最好能在工作和休息之间保持一种平衡。keep
a
promise“信守诺言”；keep
a
lead“保持领先”；keep
a
balance“保持一种平衡”；keep
a
diary“记日记”。
5．Not
until
the
late
18th
century
did
the
British
explorer
James
Cook
cross
the
Antarctic
Circle，but
he
never
saw
land.（P3）
直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。
本句是but连接的并列句；but之前的分句中not
until置于句首，该句使用了部分倒装。
He
kept
working
until/till
his
wife
came
back.
他一直工作到妻子回来。
He
didn't
stop
working
until
his
wife
came
back.
他一直工作到妻子回来。
Not
until
his
wife
came
back
did
he
stop
working.
直到妻子回来他才停止工作。
It
was
not
until
his
wife
came
back
that
he
stopped
working.
直到妻子回来他才停止工作。
not，never，nor，not
only，hardly，no
sooner等否定词或半否定词位于句首时，句子结构需部分倒装。
No
sooner
had
I
got
home
than
it
began
to
rain.
我刚到家，天就下起雨来。
（1）Not
until
he
retired
from
teaching
three
years
ago
______
having
a
holiday
abroad.
A．he
had
considered B．had
he
considered
C．he
considered
D．did
he
consider
答案：D
提示：考查倒装句式。句意：直到他三年前从教学岗位上退休，他才考虑去国外度假。否定意义的副词置于句首时，要采用部分倒装语序；且本题采用一般过去时，故D项正确。
（2）Never
before
______
seen
anybody
who
can
play
tennis
as
well
as
Robert.
A．had
she B．she
had
C．has
she
D．she
has
答案：C
提示：考查倒装句式。表示否定意义的副词（词组）位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装，故排除B、D两项；根据语境并结合定语从句的时态可判断应使用现在完成时，排除A项。
（3）This
is
not
my
story，nor______the
whole
story.My
story
plays
out
differently.
A．is
there
B．there
is
C．is
it
D．it
is
答案：C
提示：考查倒装句式。nor放在句首，表示“也不”时，常用倒装结构。第一句句意：这不是我的故事，它也不是整个故事。主语应该是it而不是there
be句型。故选C项。
6．Then
in
1895，a
Norwegian
called
Carstens
Borchgrevink
became
the
first
man
to
set
foot
on
the
Antarctic
mainland.
后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。（P3）
set
foot
on进入，到达
Columbus
set
foot
on
the
shores
of
America
just
before
daybreak.
哥伦布刚巧在天亮前踏上美洲海岸。
Don't
ever
set
foot
on
this
house
again!
永远别再进这个家！
set
fire
to
点燃；使燃烧
set
about
doing
sth.开始/着手做某事
set
out
to
do
sth.着手做某事
set
aside留出；放在一边
set
an
example
for...为……树立榜样
set
free释放
set
off出发，动身；使爆炸
set
up设立；建立；创（记录）
be
set
in...以……为背景
Armed
with
the
information
you
have
gathered，you
can
______
preparing
your
business
plan.
A．set
out
B．set
about
C．set
off
D．set
up
答案：B
提示：考查动词短语。句意：有了你积累的这些信息，你可以开始着手准备你的经营计划了。set
out“着手，开始”，后面接动词不定式；set
about“开始做某事”，后面接动词 ing形式；set
off“出发，动身”；set
up“建立，创立，竖立”。
7．In
particular，it
aims
to
keep
Antarctica
free
from
nuclear
tests
and
radioactive
waste；to
promote
international
scientific
projects；and
to
end
arguments
about
who
owns
the
land.
该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且终止那些关于这片土地所有权的争论。（P3）
promote
v.促进，增进；发扬；提升
We
should
promote
world
peace.我们应该促进世界和平。
Milk
promotes
health.牛奶可增进健康。
promotion
n.提升，晋升，促进
辨析：promote与advance
promote
指积极地支援或鼓励某项运动、主义、计划等，以协助其成长、前进或发展。
advance
指促使向某个目标前进。
He
has
been
devoted
to
promoting
goodwill
between
the
two
countries.
他致力于增进两国友好关系。
Scientific
research
advances
knowledge.
科学研究增长人类知识。
（1）广告公司总是不得不想新法子来促销产品。
Advertising
companies
are
always
having
to
think
up
new
ways
______
______
______.
（2）他工作很努力，不久就被提升了。
He
worked
hard
and
soon
______
______.
答案：（1）to
promote
products （2）was
promotedModule
1 Deep
South
Section
Ⅱ Grammar
一、主语
主语是句子的主体，是要说明的人或物。主语是相对谓语而言的，谓语说明主语的情况、提供新的信息。英语句子的语序一般是主语位于谓语之前，但也有主谓倒装的现象。
用法
功能
例句
名词作主语
名词、名词词组或者相当于名词词组的结构作主语表示一件事物或一个概念。
Antarctica
is
the
coldest
and
the
driest
on
the
earth.南极洲是地球上最寒冷干燥的（地方）。
人称代词作主语
表示某个人或事物。在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中。
When
he
arrived，John
went
straight
to
the
bank.约翰一到达就径直去了银行。
数词作主语
数词和名词连用作主语表示数量、分数、比例和容量。谓语的人称和数由名词的意义而定。
80%
of
the
population
are
farmers
in
that
area.那个地区80%的人口是农民。
连接代词作主语
连接代词和连接副词引导的从句作主语。that，which，who同时在从句中也可以作主语。
Antarctica
is
covered
with
ice，which
reflects
the
sunshine.南极洲被冰覆盖着，而冰会反射太阳光。What
the
camp
offered
was
an
opportunity
to
do
research
on
the
South
Pole.参加这次野营有机会在南极做研究。
There
be＋主语
在There
be句型中，主语在be的后面。可以用动名词作主语，但不能用动词不定式。
There
are
thousands
of
penguins
in
Antarctica.南极洲有数千只企鹅。
不定式作主语
表示一个具体的动作。
To
climb
the
snow covered
mountain
is
exciting
but
dangerous.攀登这座雪山很刺激但也很危险。
动名词作主语
表示一个抽象的动作或概念。
Boating
in
a
lake
is
a
very
exciting
experience.在湖里划船是一次很令人兴奋的经历。
The＋形容词作主语
表示一类人，谓语用复数形式。
The
young
should
respect
the
old.
it作主语
指代上文中的某个人或事物。当主语是不定式、动名词或从句时，为了避免头重脚轻，常常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语（不定式、动名词或从句）放在句末。
It
is
said
that
a
group
of
five
scientists，including
a
woman，have
set
out
for
Antarctica.据说有一组由五个科学家组成的队伍，其中包括一名妇女，已经动身前往南极洲了。
二、动词
动词表示人或事物的动作和状态。
分类
功能
例句
及物动词
不可以单独使用，后面必须跟宾语。
We
became
trapped
by
the
rising
flood.我们被上涨的洪水困住了。
不及物动词
可以单独使用，如果后面要接宾语，动词后面必须加上介词。有些动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词，
但是词义有变化。
Mozart's
genius
flowered
at
a
very
early
age.莫扎特的才华在年幼时就显露了出来。We
have
to
adapt
to
the
new
system
quickly.我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
情态动词
本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。无人称和数的变化，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。
With
the
teacher's
help，I
shall
be
able
to
speak
English
correctly.在老师的帮助下，我将能准确地讲英语。
连系动词
连系动词在句中不能单独作谓语，必须与能作表语的形容词、名词、介词短语等一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有以下三类。一、表示主语所处的状态或某个特征的连系动词有：be，feel，look，sound，taste，smell，seem等。二、表示由一种状态变为另一种状态的连系动词有：get，become，turn，grow，go等。三、表示继续保持某种状态的连系动词有：keep等。
Han
Mei
is
a
good
girl.韩梅是个好女孩。Ann
felt
very
happy.安感到很高兴。She
looks
like
her
mother.她看上去很像她母亲。When
spring
comes，the
weather
gets
warmer
and
the
days
get
longer.春天来了，天气变暖，白天变长。When
he
heard
this，his
face
turned
red.他听到这个时，脸变红了。In
summer，eggs
can
go
bad
easily.夏天，鸡蛋很容易变坏。
助动词
协助主要动词构成谓语。助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用。
Did
you
study
English
before
you
came
here 你来这儿之前学过英语吗？Do
come
to
the
party
tomorrow
evening.明天晚上一定来参加晚会。Have
you
been
to
the
Antarctic 你到过南极洲吗？
（1）My
brother
would
like
to
buy
a
good
watch
but
______
was
available
from
that
shop.
A．nothing
B．none
C．no
one
D．neither
答案：B
提示：考查代词。句意：我哥哥想买一块好的手表，但那家商店没有一款适合的。nothing表示什么也没有；no
one只能指代人；题干中没有表明那家商店只有两款手表，所以neither也不合适。
（2）—OK，I've
had
enough
of
it.I
give
up.
—You
can't
______
your
responsibilities.
A．run
off
with B．run
up
against
C．run
out
of
D．run
away
from
答案：D
提示：考查动词短语辨析。run
off
with意为“带着……逃走，与……私奔”；run
up
against意为“遇到（困难、问题等）”；run
out
of意为“用完……，耗尽……”；run
away
from意为“从……逃离，回避……”。后半句句意：你不能逃脱你自己的责任。
（3）—Look！Somebody
______
the
sofa.
—Well，it
wasn't
me.I
didn't
do
it.
A．is
cleaning
B．was
cleaning
C．has
cleaned
D．had
cleaned
答案：C
提示：考查动词时态。根据“Look！”一词可判断，此处强调现在的结果是“有人把沙发清理干净了”，所以用现在完成时。
（4）Don't
worry.The
hard
work
that
you
do
now
______
later
in
life.
A．will
be
repaid
B．was
being
repaid
C．has
been
repaid
D．was
repaid
答案：A
提示：考查动词的时态与语态。句意：不要担心，你现在的努力工作在以后的生活中会有回报的。根据later
in
life可知，此处要用一般将来时，且主语the
hard
work与repay之间为被动关系，故A项正确。
（5）Food
supplies
in
the
flood stricken
area
______.We
must
act
immediately
before
there's
none
left.
A．have
run
out
B．are
running
out
C．have
been
run
out
D．are
being
run
out
答案：B
提示：考查时态。run
out
“（被）用完，耗尽”，没有被动语态，故排除C、D两项；由后句中的
“before
there's
none
left”可知，现在粮食还有，并没有耗尽，故排除A项；run
out用于进行时表示将来。句意：洪灾区的食物供给快要没有了，我们必须赶在食物耗尽之前行动起来。
（6）—
Kevin，you
look
worried．Anything
wrong
—
Well，I
______
a
test
and
I'm
waiting
for
the
result.
A．will
take
B．took
C．had
taken
D．take
答案：B
提示：考查时态。由第二句中
“I'm
waiting
for
the
result”可知，考试已经结束，故用一般过去时。句意：——凯文，你看起来很忧虑，有什么事吗？——哦，我考了一次试，现在正在等结果。故选B项。
（7）Mum，I
was
wondering
if
you
could
lend
me
a
few
dollars
until
I
______
on
Friday.
A．get
paid
B．got
paid
C．have
paid
D．had
been
paid
答案：A
提示：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：妈妈，我一直在想你能否借给我几美元，周五发工资我就还你。根据on
Friday可知此处表示将来的时间，故排除B项和D项，又根据get
paid“得到报酬”为固定形式，故A项正确。
（8）—Did
you
catch
what
I
said
—Sorry.I
______a
text
message
just
now.
A．had
answered B．have
answered
C．would
answer
D．was
answering
答案：D
提示：考查时态。由问句“你听到我说的话了吗”可知是过去的动作；答语为“对不起。我刚才在回一条短信息”。故用过去进行时。
（9）They
are
living
with
their
parents
for
the
moment
because
their
own
house______.
A．is
being
rebuilt B．has
been
rebuilt
C．is
rebuilt
D．has
rebuilt
答案：A
提示：考查时态和语态。房子和重建为被动关系，由句意可知应用现在进行时的被动形式，表示“正在被重建”。句意：目前他们和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。故选A项。
（10）—Can
I
call
you
back
at
two
o'clock
this
afternoon
—I'm
sorry，but
by
then
I
______
to
Beijing.How
about
five
A．fly
B．will
fly
C．will
be
flying
D．am
flying
答案：C
提示：考查时态。根据“Can
I
call
you
back”及“by
then”可知动作发生在将来，且根据“I'm
sorry”可知动作是正在进行的，故用将来进行时。句意：——我今天下午两点给你回电话可以吗？——对不起，到那时我正在飞往北京的路上。五点怎么样？Module
1 Deep
South
Section
Ⅳ Writing
一、佳作展示与背诵请根据下面的提示，以“南极洲Antarctica”为题写一篇短文（词数120左右）。1．南极洲在地球的最南端（extreme
south）。
2．它的面积大约1,400万平方公里。3．它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年被冰雪覆盖。
4．它的自然资源有铁、煤等。5．目前只有一些科学工作者在那里。
参考范文：
Antarctica，which
is
the
coldest
continent
in
the
world，lies
in
the
extreme
south
of
the
earth.It
has
an
area
of
about
14,000,000
square
kilometers.It
is
covered
with
cold
thick
ice
and
deep
snow
all
year
long．But
it
is
a
very
rich
continent.It
has
many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins，whales
and
it
is
also
rich
in
mineral
resources
including
iron，coal
and
so
on.Up
to
now
only
some
visiting
scientists
live
there.Maybe
one
day
lots
of
households
will
live
there.
二、思路点拨
地点描写类书面表达属于描写文。地点描写通常用以下两种方法：
1．整体印象→细节描述。这种方法先是给出地点的全貌，然后对细节进行描写来丰富地点的全貌。这种方法的特点是突出文章的主题，吸引读者。具体的写法是，首先选定你描写的地点，譬如你的教室。想想这个教室给你留下什么突出的印象，并将这种印象概括为一句话，这句话便是该段的主题句，如My
classroom
is
very
clean
and
tidy，然后描述它clean和tidy的具体细节。
2．细节描述→整体印象。这种方法正好与上述方法相反，它先叙述细节，然后归纳出整体印象。这种方法的特点是循序渐进，从具体到一般，能启迪读者的思维。具体写法是，先对描述对象进行细心观察，将其有意义的细节逐项列出，然后总结出整体印象，这时主题句往往置于段末。
【常用句式】
1．There
is
a
tall
shelf
on
the
left
of
my
room.（on
the
right
of，in
the
front
of，near
the
window）
2．Above
the
bed，there
is
a
large
painting
of
the
blue
sea.（on
the
right
of
the
room）
3．The
office
building
is
in
the
east
of
the
campus.（in
the
south
of，to
the
west
of，in
front
of，behind，at
the
back
of）
4．The
monument，which
was
built
in
1894，stands
in
the
center
of
the
square.
5．China
is
located
in
Asia.（be
situated...be
surrounded
by，lie
to
the
east
of）
6．It
covers
a
huge
area
of
9,600,000
square
kilometers.
三、经典句式
1．Antarctica，which
is
the
coldest
continent
in
the
world，lies
in
the
extreme
south
of
the
earth.
2．It
has
many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins，whales
and
it
is
also
rich
in
mineral
resources
including
iron，coal
and
so
on.
