Module
3 Literature
Section
Ⅲ—Integrating
skills
一、词义配对
1．distribute a．to
pull
sb./sth.
along
with
effort
and
difficulty
2．drag
b．to
give
things
to
a
large
number
of
people
3．intend
c．to
succeed
in
doing
something，especially
after
trying
very
hard
4．accumulate
d．to
have
something
in
your
mind
as
a
plan
or
purpose
5．corporation
e．a
feeling
of
worry
about
something
important
6．accomplish
f．a
big
company，or
a
group
of
companies
acting
together
as
a
single
organization
7．concern
g．to
succeed
in
achieving
something
after
trying
for
a
long
time
8．nutrition
h．the
progress
of
giving
or
getting
the
right
type
of
food
for
good
health
and
growth
9．attain
i．to
get
away
from
a
place
or
dangerous
situation
when
someone
is
trying
to
catch
you
or
stop
you
10．escape
j．gradually
to
get
more
and
more
money，possessions，knowledge
etc.over
a
long
period
of
time
二、重点短语
1．a
huge
amount
______大量的
2．______
a
result
结果是
3．______
one's
early
twenties
在某人二十出头时
4．suffer
______
遭受……之苦，患有(某种疾病)
5．put
sb.
______
prison
把某人关进监狱
答案：一、1—b 2—a 3—d 4—j 5—f 6—c 7—e 8—h 9—g 10—i
二、1.of 2.as 3.in 4.from 5.in
1．Magwitch
has
escaped
from
prison
but
is
soon
caught
again
and
sent
to
Australia
in
a
prison
ship.
马格韦契从监狱中逃出来，可不久再次被捕，被一艘运送囚犯的船送去了澳大利亚。
考点：escape
v．逃跑
The
prisoner
managed
to
escape
from
prison.
那个囚犯设法逃离了监狱。
归纳：escape作不及物动词时，常与介词______连用，后接地点。
拓展：1)escape的其他含义及用法：
The
gas
escaped
from
the
jar.
气体从这个坛子中泄露了。
归纳：作为动词，escape还可意为“______”。
He
escaped
punishment/being
punished.
他没有被惩罚。
归纳：escape也可作及物动词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
The
man
made
his
escape.那个人逃跑了。归纳：escape还可以作为名词使用，一般构成________________________短语。
2)辨析escape与flee：
The
bird
hasescaped
from
the
cage.
那只鸟从笼子里逃走了。
The
enemy
soldiers
were
fleeing
in
all
directions，but
few
of
them
could
escape.
敌兵四处逃窜，但很少能逃出去。
归纳：两个单词都有“逃跑”的意思。
______着重指逃跑的结果，“逃脱”。
______着重指逃跑的动作，多用于书面语。
单项填空
1)No
one
can
escape
______
prison.
A．from
B．to
C．out
D．for2)He
tried
to
escape
______
by
the
police.
A．arresting
B．being
arrested
C．to
be
arrested
D．to
arrest
3)The
robbers
tried
to
______
after
the
robbery，but
they
were
caught.
A．flee
B．escape
C．trap
D．cheat
2．Some
years
later，Pip
learns
that
an
unknown
person
intends
to
give
him
money
every
month.
几年以后，皮普得知有一位不知名的人士打算按月给他钱。
考点：intend
v．打算
I
was
asked
by
my
uncle
what
I
intended
to
be
when
I
graduated
from
college.
我叔叔问我大学毕业时打算从事什么职业。
The
chair
was
intended
for
you，but
she
took
it
away.
那把椅子原本是为你准备的，但是被她拿走了。
These
regulations
are
intended
to
prevent
accidents.
这些规章制度旨在防止事故发生。
I
had
intended
to
help
you(＝I
intended
to
have
helped
you)，but
I
was
too
busy.
我本打算帮你，但我太忙了。
归纳：be
intended
to
be
打算成为be
intended
for
为……打算/设计
have
intended
to
do本打算做……(但实际没有)
拓展：intention
n.
打算；目的；意图
If
I've
hurt
your
feelings，I
was
quite
without
intention.
如果我伤害了你的感情，那完全不是故意的。
—I
thought
you
were
studying
in
Australia.
—Oh，I
______
to
go
abroad，but
I
changed
my
mind
and
decided
to
stay
with
my
family.
A．would
have
intended B．was
intending
C．had
intended
D．have
intended
3．But
its
wealth
was
distributed
unfairly
among
the
population.
但是它的财富被不公平地分配给了人们。
考点：distribute
v.
分发，分配，分送
The
government
quickly
distributed
relief
supplies
to
the
quake afflicted
people.
政府很快给地震受灾群众分发了救灾物资。
The
firm
distributed
its
profit
among
its
workers.
该公司将利润分配给了工人。
Jack
distributes
computers
for
the
computer
rental
service
in
that
region.
杰克为那个地区的电脑出租公司分送电脑。
归纳：distribute常构成distribute
sth.
______
sb.
结构，意为“把某物分给某人”。
拓展：1)distribute的其他含义
The
company
distributed
our
products
in
the
USA.
这家公司在美国经销我们的产品。
归纳：distribute还可表示“______”。
2)派生词：distribution
n.
分配，分发，发送，发行
distributive
adj.
经销的；分销的
单项填空
1)The
doctors
______
the
medicine
to
the
people
in
the
flooded
area.
A．distributed
B．chose
C．annoyed
D．distinguished2)The
parents
______
the
presents
______
the
children.
A．separated；from
B．distributed；among
C．divided；into
D．cut；among
4．Although
on
clear
days
the
air
was
filled
with
sparrows
and
seagulls
flying
high
above，more
often
the
smoking
chimney
pipes
created
smog
which
was
so
strong
that
it
choked
the
inhabitants.
尽管在晴朗的日子里，空中也会飞着麻雀和海鸥，可是更多的时候城市的烟囱冒着浓烟，使居民快要窒息了。
考点：choke
v．(使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难
The
child
was
almost
choked
by
the
heavy
smoke.
这孩子几乎被浓烟窒息了。
He
started
to
choke
as
he
was
eating
too
fast.
他吃得太快，噎住了。
The
fish
bone
in
her
throat
made
her
choke.
她喉咙中的鱼骨使她呼吸困难。
拓展：1)choke还可以表示
“塞住；堵塞；阻塞”，如：
The
drains
are
choked
(up)
with
dead
leaves.
下水道被枯叶塞住了。
The
streets
in
the
centre
of
the
city
were
choked
up
with
traffic.
市中心的街道被车辆堵塞了。
2)习惯用语：
choke
back
抑制(怒气，眼泪等)
choke
down用力咽下；强抑制住，按捺住
choke
up阻塞，塞住；噎住；[口]激动得说不出话来
choke
up
with塞满，长满
完成句子
1)这个疯子把他自己的孩子掐死了。The
madman
______his
own
child
to
death.
2)管子被棉花堵住了。
The
pipe
was______by
cotton.
5．Few
people
could
ever
hope
to
attain
an
acceptable
standard
of
living.
几乎没有人指望能维持基本的生活水平。
考点：attain
v．获得，达到
At
last，he
attained
a
position
of
power.
最后，他获得了权位。
For
us，it's
something
that
we
may
aspire
to
but
can
never
attain.
对我们来说，那是可望而不可即的。
拓展：1)辨析attain，reach和achieve：
They
are
seeking
to
attain
the
most
advanced
technology
in
the
world.
他们正努力达到世界上最先进的技术水平。
After
some
discussion
we
reached
a
compromise
on
the
trade.
经过一番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了妥协。
That
this
project
would
achieve
ultimate
success
was
unthinkable
at
the
time.
这个项目能获得最后的成功在当时是难以置信的。
attain侧重指在抱负或雄心的激励下，以最大的努力去达到一般所不及或不敢追求的目标。
reach为常用词，指达到某一空间、时间、目标或发展过程中的某一点。
achieve
侧重为达到目的所需的技巧、忍耐和努力，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。
2)派生词：attainable
adj.
可达到的；可得到的
attainment
n.
达到，获得
单项填空
1)We
are
going
to______the
goal
that
we
are
going
to
plant
more
than
300
trees______the
schoolyard.
A．make；thrilling
B．attain；surrounding
C．resist；expanding
D．present；folding
2)After
years
of
hardwork，he
______
a
better
position
in
the
company.
A．attained B．possessed
C．acknowledged
D．admitted
6．Many
people
suffered
from
the
effects
of
poor
nutrition
and
even
starvation
because
of
a
lack
of
food，yet
their
welfare
was
of
no
concern
to
the
taxpayers
of
London.
许多人因缺少食物而受到营养不良的折磨，有的甚至饿死，可是他们的状况没有得到伦敦纳税人的同情与关心。
考点：concern
n．关心，担心
Andrew
expressed
his
concern.
安德鲁表达了他的关心。
Facts
proved
that
our
concern
was
uncalled for.
事实证明我们的担心是不必要的。
拓展：
1)concern用作名词，还有以下意义：
How
much
money
I
earn
is
none
of
your
concern.
我挣多少钱与你无关。
That's
no
concern
of
mine.
那不关我的事。
归纳：
concern还有
“关系；关心的事”
等意义。
2)concern还可以用作动词。
The
boy's
poor
health
concerned
his
parents.
那男孩健康状况不佳，使他的父母非常担心。
The
news
concerns
your
brother.
这消息与你弟弟有关。
归纳：
concern用作动词，意思是“____________”。
3)派生词：concerning
prep.关于
concerned
adj.忧虑的；担心的
用concern的适当形式填空
1)We
read
some
stories
______
visitors
from
outer
space.
2)She's
most
______
to
solve
this
problem.
3)Our
losses
are
beginning
to
______
me.
7．But
some
Londoners
had
accumulated
enormous
wealth
through
trade.
但是有些伦敦人却通过贸易积累了大量的财富。
考点：accumulate
v．积累
Thirty
years
of
economic
development
has
enabled
China
to
accumulate
a
large
amount
of
capital.
30年的经济发展使中国积累了大量资金。
拓展：
辨析accumulate，collect和gather：
Dust
and
dirt
soon
accumulate
if
a
house
is
not
cleaned
regularly.
如果房屋不经常打扫，尘土很快就越积越多。
What
we
shall
do
now
is
to
collect
more
first hand
information.
我们现在应该做的是收集更多的第一手资料。
We
have
decided
to
strengthen
market
research
and
gather
more
information
from
various
resources.
我们决定加强市场调研，从各种渠道收集更多的信息。
归纳：
accumulate
指长期坚持、点滴积累、逐渐地、有规律地
“收集、堆积”。
collect
着重指有计划、有选择地收集、搜集，含有精心挑选并加以整理的意思。
gather
是最普通的用语，强调把分散或杂乱的东西聚集在一起，暗示积累过程。用于指人或动物时，常表示某种程度的必要性和强制性。有时也表示自发地聚拢。
用gather，collect或accumulate填空
1)They
set
to
work
______
a
huge
mass
of
data.
2)Why
do
you
______
stamps
3)The
girl
is
______
flowers.
8．...Dickens
felt
at
home
because，surprisingly，he
thought
he
would
accomplish
more
with
his
drama
than
with
his
novels.
……狄更斯感到自由自在，因为令人惊讶的是，他认为他会完成比小说更多的戏剧。
考点：accomplish
v．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)
She's
accomplished
a
great
deal
in
the
last
few
weeks.
在过去的几周里，她完成了相当多的工作。
We
tried
to
arrange
a
peace
but
accomplished
nothing.
我们试图调停以求和平，但是没有成功。
拓展：
辨析accomplish，complete和finish：
The
explorers
accomplished
the
voyage
in
five
weeks.
探险者们在五周内完成了航程。
The
building
will
be
completed
by
the
end
of
this
month.
这座楼将于本月底完工。
I
have
to
finish
writing
the
book
by
this
weekend.
我得在本周末写完这本书。
归纳：accomplish
后常接task，aim，journey，voyage等名词。
complete比accomplish具体，可接建筑、工程、书籍等名词，指“按预期目的把未完成的工作经过进一步的努力使之完成”，主要含义是“补足缺少的部分”。
finish在许多情况下可与complete换用，但不及complete
正式，常含有“认真仔细地完成工作的最后阶段的精工修饰，使之完美”的意思。
用所给词的适当形式填空
1)You
have
______
(accomplish)a
purpose.
2)The
______
(accomplish)of
his
purpose
took
three
months.
选词并用其适当形式填空(accomplish，complete，finish)
3)The
builders
will
______the
new
sports
centre
next
year.
4)Have
you
______
breakfast
5)They
have
______their
mission
successfully.
答案：1．考点：from 泄露 make
one's
escape escape flee
活学活用1)A 2)B 3)A
2．活学活用C
3．考点：to/among 经销
活学活用1)A 2)B
4．活学活用1)choked 2)choked
5．活学活用1)B 2)A
6．考点：使担心；涉及
活学活用1)concerning 2)concerned 3)concern
7．活学活用1)accumulating 2)collect 3)gathering
8．活学活用1)accomplished 2)accomplishment 3)complete 4)finished 5)accomplishedModule
3 Literature
重要词汇
重要词汇
相关提示
scene
n.
场景；场面
辨析scene与view，scenery和sight的异同
feed
v．喂养；为……提供食品
掌握其及物动词的用法以及其过去式和过去分词：fed，fed，熟记短语feed
sth/sb.
on
sth.和feed
sth.
to
sb./sth.的用法
eager
adj.热切的；渴望的
掌握短语be
eager
for/about
sth.(渴望某物)和be
eager
to
do
sth.(渴望做某事)以及注意辨析eager与anxious的区别
desperate
adj.绝望的
掌握desperate的两个短语be
desperate
to
do
sth.(渴望做某事)和be
desperate
for
sth.(极想得到某物)
in
astonishment
惊讶地，吃惊地
识记该短语
no
sooner...than...刚一……就……
注意no
sooner置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序且常用过去完成时
seize
v.
抓住
掌握seize＋sb.＋by＋the＋身体部位(四肢、衣袖等)
hang
v.
绞死；吊死
注意hang当“绞死；吊死”讲时的过去式和过去分词是hanged，hanged；而当
“悬挂；吊着”讲时，其过去式和过去分词是hung，hung
reward
n.
酬谢；奖赏；赏金
注意辨析reward与medal，prize，award的区别
escape
v.
逃跑
注意escape与flee的区别(escape侧重于结果，而flee侧重于动作)
intend
v．打算
掌握intend后面跟to
do
sth.和从句的用法(从句要用should＋do)
distribute
v.
分发，分配，分送
识记distribute以及其派生词distribution(
n．分发，分配，分送)和distributive(adj.分发的，分配的)
choke
v．(使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难
了解choke作及物动词和不及物动词的用法并了解choke
back(抑制)等相关常用短语
attain
v．获得，达到
注意辨析attain与reach和achieve的用法。
concern
n．关心，担心
掌握concern的名词和动词意义(使担心；涉及)以及其派生词concerned(关心的；有关的)和concerning(关于)
accumulate
v．积累
识记该词并了解其与gather和collect的异同
accomplish
v．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)
掌握accomplish的意义及其派生词accomplishment(持久；完成)
重点句型
1．The
room
in
which
the
boys
were
fed
was
a
large
stone
hall，with
a
large
pot
at
one
end.
with的复合结构作伴随状语。
2．The
bowls
never
needed
washing，as
the
boys
cleaned
them
with
their
spoons，trying
to
eat
every
bit
of
soup.as引导原因状语从句；现在分词短语trying
to
eat
every
bit
of
soup作状语。
3．Not
until
at
least
thirty
seconds
had
passed，was
the
man
able
to
speak.
not
until位于句首，句子用倒装语序。
4．No
sooner
had
the
boy
spoken
these
words，than
the
warden
hit
him
on
the
head
with
the
soup
spoon.
no
sooner...than...“一……就……”，倒装语序。
5．Never
have
I
heard
anything
like
it!never置于句首，句子用倒装语序。
重点语法
1．掌握倒装语序的规则和要求；
2．掌握倒装语序的特殊句式。
写作要求
学会介绍人物。
Section
Ⅰ—Introduction，Reading
and
Vocabulary
一、选择符合本课时的正确释义
1．scene
(a)a
beautiful
place
we
can
see
(b)sequence
of
continuous
action
in
play，film，etc.
(c)the
background
which
a
film
or
play
is
set
in
2．cruel
(a)being
rude
to
others
(b)making
others
suffer，esp，intentionally
(c)beating
sb
frequently
3．feed
(a)to
give
food
or
water
away
to
others
(b)to
send
food
to
one
who
need
food
(c)to
give
food
to；to
provide
food
for
4．serve
(a)to
provide(guests，customers，etc.)
with
food，drinks，etc.
(b)to
bring
some
food
and
drinks
(c)to
do
sth.as
others
tell
to
do
5．whisper
(a)to
have
little
or
nothing
to
say
(b)to
talk
or
say
sth.privately
or
secretly
(c)to
be
afraid
to
say
anything
6．desperate
(a)feeling
or
showing
great
despair
and
ready
to
do
anything
regardless
of
danger
(b)feeling
a
little
hope
(c)taking
no
interest
in
anything
7．seize
(a)to
take
sth.away
suddenly
(b)to
carry
sth.in
one's
hand
(c)to
take
hold
of
(sth.)
suddenly
and
violently；to
grab
8．reward
(a)award
given
to
the
winner
of
a
competition，race，etc.
(b)sth.given
or
received
in
return
for
work
or
service
(c)making
an
official
decision
to
give
sth.to
sb.as
a
prize
二、翻译短语
1．______
astonishment
惊讶地，吃惊地
2．______
a
...voice
用……声音(说)，……声地
3．no
sooner...______...
刚一……就……
4．stare
______
瞅，凝视，盯着看
5．believe
______
sb
信任某人
6．______
soup
喝汤
三、阅读Oliver
Asks
for
More并回答下列问题
1．What
was
the
room
like
where
the
boys
were
fed
________________________________________________________________________
2．How
much
soup
was
each
boy
allowed
usually ________________________________________________________________________
3．Did
the
bowls
need
washing
________________________________________________________________________
4．How
did
they
choose
Oliver
to
ask
for
more
food
________________________________________________________________________
5．Was
Oliver
very
brave
to
ask
for
more
________________________________________________________________________
6．What
was
the
warden
like
________________________________________________________________________
答案：一、1.b 2.b 3.c 4.a 5.b 6.a 7.c 8.b
二、1.in 2.in 3.than 4.at 5.in 6.eat
三、1.A
large
stone
hall，with
a
large
pot
at
one
end.
2．One
bowl
of
soup
and
no
more.
3．No.
4．They
wrote
their
names
on
pieces
of
paper
and
picked
one
out.It
was
Oliver
who
was
chosen.
5．No.He
was
desperate
with
hunger
and
misery.
6．He
was
a
fat，healthy
and
cruel
man.
1.He
described
life
in
the
middle
of
the
19th
century，a
period
that
is
now
called
Victorian，as
it
is
when
Queen
Victoria
ruled
Britain.
他描述了19世纪中期时的生活，当时英国正处在维多利亚女皇的统治下，现在也称这个时期为维多利亚时期。
剖析：a
period...在句中担当同位语，来进一步解释前面的the
middle
of
the
19th
century；that引导定语从句，修饰a
period；as引导原因状语从句；when引导一个表语从句。
拓展：because，since，as，for的区别：
because表示直接的、必然的因果关系，可以来回答why的提问；在强调句型中引导被强调的部分；语气最强烈。
She
couldn't
stand
up
because
her
legs
were
wounded.
她的腿受伤了，所以站不起来。
since和as表示显然的、无可争辩的原因或既成事实，多置于句首，不可回答why的提问；since的语气比as强，比because
弱。
Since
everybody
knows
about
it，I
don't
want
to
talk
any
more.
既然每个人都知道这件事，我不想再多说了。
for引导表原因的并列分句，对情况作补充说明或推断其原因，不能置于句首，且for前有逗号。
We
must
start
early，for
it
will
take
two
hours
to
drive
to
the
airport.
我们必须早点动身，因为开车去机场会花两个小时。
选词填空(because，since，as，for)
1)We
didn't
know
what
to
do
______we
were
just
visiting
there.
2)______I
have
no
money，I
can't
buy
any
food.
3)He
is
absent
______he
is
ill.
4)I
missed
the
beginning
of
the
play，______I
was
late.
2．The
photo
shows
a
famous
scene
from
the
film
of
Oliver
Twist，one
of
his
most
popular
novels.
这张照片是他最受欢迎的小说之一《雾都孤儿》中著名的一幕。
考点：scene
n.
场面；场景
The
scene
in
the
hospital
was
very
moving.在医院的那个场面十分感人。
The
first
scene
of
the
play
is
the
king's
palace.
剧中的第一个场景是王宫。
拓展：1)含scene的常用短语：
on
the
scene
在场；出现；登场
behind
the
scenes在幕后；秘密地；在后台
set
the
scene
for...为……做准备
come
on
the
scene到场
2)辨析scene，view，scenery和sight：
scene
可数名词，指
“风景、景色”；指某一特定环境呈现的景色，多包含人的动作。此外，scene还可指
“现场；(戏剧、小说等的)场景；舞台的背景，布景”
等。
view
可数名词，意为
“风景、景色”；表示从某处可看到的scenery的一部分，着重点在能够看到的部分，即所见之景。此外，view还有“观点，看法；视野”等意义。
scenery
不可数名词，指自然景色的全称，并常用来描述静态的美丽乡村景色。
sight
表示某一地区值得观看的建筑物、胜地、特色等，常用作复数。
选词填空(scene/view/scenery/sight)
1)What
a
beautiful
______
the
opening
ceremony
of
Shanghai
World
Expo
took
on!
2)We
passed
through
some
beautiful
______
on
our
journey
through
the
Lake
District.
3)You'll
get
a
fine
______
of
the
town
from
the
top
of
the
hill.
4)The
Great
Wall
is
one
of
the
most
breathtaking
______
in
the
world.
3．The
room
in
which
the
boys
were
fed
was
a
large
stone
hall，with
a
large
pot
at
one
end.
孩子们进食的场所是一间宽敞的大石厅，一口锅放在大厅一侧。
剖析：in
which
the
boys
were
fed是定语从句，修饰The
room；with
a
large
pot
at
one
end是with的复合结构，作伴随状语。
考点：feed
v.
喂养；为……提供食品
You
should
heat
the
milk
before
you
feed
the
baby
on
it.
你给这孩子喂牛奶前，应该热一下。
Farmers
feed
kitchen
waste
to
the
pigs.
农民们用厨房里的残羹剩饭喂猪。
I'm
fed
up
with
this
dank
weather.It's
time
we
had
some
sunshine.我对这种阴湿天气极其厌倦，该出出太阳了。
All
animals
including
men
feed
on
plants
or
other
animals.
包括人类在内的所有动物都以植物或其他动物为食。
归纳：feed
sb
on
sth
用……喂养某人
feed
sth
to
sb
把某物给某人吃
be
fed
up
with(＝be
tired
of)(口语)厌倦……
feed
on＝live
on
以……为食
同义句转换
1)Have
you
ever
fed
it
on
chocolate
Have
you
ever
fed
chocolate
____________？
2)I
am
tired
of
the
hard
job
and
want
to
change
another
one.
____________
the
hard
job，I
want
to
change
another
one.
4．The
bowls
never
needed
washing，as
the
boys
cleaned
them
with
their
spoons，trying
to
eat
every
bit
of
soup.
粥碗从来用不着洗，孩子们非用汤匙把碗刮得重又明光铮亮了才住手，试图吃掉每一点粥。
剖析：1)as引导原因状语从句；trying
to
eat
every
bit
of
soup是现在分词短语，在句中作状语。
2)need
washing是主动形式表示被动意义，相当于need
to
be
washed。
拓展：need，want，require的用法：
三个单词都有
“需要”
的意思，可以用主动形式表示被动意义。
need
doing＝need
to
be
done
want
doing＝want
to
be
done
require
doing＝require
to
be
done
The
floor
needs
washing/to
be
washed.
地板需要清洗了。
The
desk
wants
repairing/to
be
repaired.
这张书桌需要修理一下。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1)The
machine
needs
____________(repair)．
2)Your
coat
wants
____________(brush)．
3)Your
room
requires
____________(clean)．
单项填空
4)As
a
result
of
the
serious
flood，two
thirds
of
the
buildings
in
the
area
______.
A．need
repairing
B．needs
to
repair
C．needs
repairing
D．need
to
repair
5．When
they
had
cleaned
their
bowls
in
this
way，they
would
sit
staring
at
the
pot
with
eager
eyes，as
if
they
wanted
to
eat
it.
他们这样把碗刮干净后，就坐在那儿，眼巴巴地瞅着汤锅，似乎要把它也吞进肚子。
考点：eager
adj.热切的；渴望的
She
is
eager
for
her
parents'
approval.
她渴望得到父母的赞许。
Everyone
in
the
class
is
eager
to
learn.
班里的每个人都热爱学习。
归纳：eager
的常用结构有：
be
eager
for
sth.渴望得到某物
be
eager
to
do
sth.渴望做某事，急于做某事
拓展：辨析eager
和anxious：
I
am
eager
for
success.
我渴望成功。
He
was
anxious
for
his
family
who
were
travelling
abroad.
他担心在国外旅行的家眷。
归纳：______“渴望的，热衷的”，强调一种积极向上的心态。
______“焦急的，忧虑的”，侧重“忧虑”，强调一种焦急不安的心态。
同义句转换
1)He
was
eager
for
the
first
prize.
He
was
eager
______
______
the
first
prize.
用eager或anxious填空
2)Maggie
was
______
to
tell
me
the
good
news.
3)All
are
______
that
you
should
live
happy
and
free
from
care.
6．Oliver，who
was
desperate
with
hunger
and
misery，rose
from
the
table
and
walked
towards
the
master
with
his
bowl
and
spoon
in
his
hand.
奥利弗已经被饥饿与苦难逼得什么都顾不上了，他从桌边站起来，手里拿着汤匙和碗，朝大师傅走去。
考点：desperate
adj.绝望的
The
prisoners
grew
more
desperate
than
before.
囚犯们变得比以前更加绝望了。
The
sudden
loss
of
his
money
made
him
desperate.
钱的突然丢失使他很绝望。
拓展：1)desperate的其他常见意义：
Why
are
you
so
desperate
to
find
Richard
你为什么那么想找到理查德？
He's
desperate
for
money.他极渴望得到钱。
归纳：desperate的常用搭配为be
desperate
to
do
sth.，表示“____________”；be
desperate
for
sth.，表示“__________________”。
2)desperately
adv.
拼命地；不顾一切地
The
man
in
the
river
desperately
tried
to
reach
the
bank.
河里的那个人拼命想游到岸边。
The
old
woman
was
______
to
see
her
only
son
who
had
joined
the
army
and
been
sent
to
the
front.
A．eagerly
B．desperate
C．anxious
D．trying
7．He
stared
in
complete
astonishment
at
the
child
and
held
on
to
the
pot
for
support.
他瞪着那个孩子，完全惊呆了，手抓着锅以求站稳。
考点：in
astonishment
惊讶地，吃惊地
He
looked
at
me
in
astonishment.
他惊讶地望着我。
I
stood
up
in
astonishment.
我吃惊地站了起来。
拓展：“in＋抽象名词”可作伴随状语。
He
sat
there
in
silence.
他沉默地坐在那儿。
He
went
away
in
disappointment.
他失望地走了。
The
two
communities
live
together
in
peace.
这两个社团和平相处。
单项填空
His
friends
stared
______
at
the
stranger.
A．to
astonish
B．in
astonish
C．to
astonishment
D．in
astonishment
8．No
sooner
had
the
boy
spoken
these
words，than
the
warden
hit
him
on
the
head
with
the
soup
spoon.
孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
考点一：no
sooner...than...刚一……就……
No
sooner
had
we
left
the
village
than
it
began
to
rain.
我们刚离开村子，天就下起雨来了。
He
had
no
sooner
come
than
she
left.
他刚来，她就离开了。
No
sooner
had
he
arrived
than
he
fell
sick.
他刚抵达就病倒了。
归纳：no
sooner...than...这个词组中，如果no
sooner
置于句首，则句子要用______语序，而且no
sooner引导的句子常用____________时态。
拓展：1)no
sooner...than...和hardly...when...：
当no
sooner，hardly置于句首时，句子要用倒装。两者都表示
“一……就……”。
主句常用过去完成时态，than和when引导的从句用一般过去时态。
Hardly
had
the
game
begun
when
it
started
raining.
比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。
2)表示
“一……就……”
的短语还有：
as
soon
as，on
(one's)
doing，the
moment/minute，once...
考点二：hit
sb.on
the
head
“击打某人的头部”；注意这种结构：v.(表示击打的动词)＋sb＋on/in＋the＋身体部位。
I
patted
him
on
the
shoulder.
我轻轻地拍了下他的肩膀。
单项填空
1)No
sooner
______
arrived
______
he
was
asked
to
leave
again.
A．he
had；than
B．had
he；than
C．he
had；when
D．had
he；when
2)I
slapped
him
hard
in
______
face.
A．him
B．his
C．the
D．that
3)______
apple
fell
from
the
tree
and
hit
him
on
______
head.
A．An；the
B．The；the
C．An；/
D．The；/
9．Then
he
seized
Oliver's
arms
and
held
him，while
he
shouted
for
Mr
Bumble.
然后他抓住奥利弗的两个胳膊不放，同时尖声高喊着本伯先生过去。
考点：seize
v．抓住
We
should
try
to
seize
every
opportunity
which
can
improve
our
abilities.
我们应该努力抓住每个能提高我们能力的机会。
The
policeman
managed
to
seize
the
knife
from
the
robber
and
prevented
a
more
serious
accident
happening.
警察从抢劫者的手中夺过刀阻止了一场更严重的事故发生。
拓展：
辨析seize，catch，grasp：
seize
指突然用力抓住人或物。“抓住”机会用seize，不用catch。
catch指经过追逐或经过一定的筹划，
抓住运动中的东西或人。
grasp
指抓紧、抓住、控制在手，可引申为“掌握，了解”。
完成句子
1)He
who
would
______
fish
must
not
mind
getting
wet.
2)He
who
______
the
right
moment
is
the
right
man.
3)______
it
too
tightly
and
it
will
drip
through
your
fingers.
10．“They'll
hang
that
boy，”
said
a
gentleman
in
a
white
jacket.
“他们会把那个孩子吊死，”
一个穿着白色夹克的绅士说道。
考点：hang
v．绞死；吊死
In
the
cartoon，the
wolf
that
wanted
to
eat
sheep
was
hanged.
在这部动画片中，想吃羊的狼被吊死了。
拓展：1)Hanging
on
the
wall
was
a
splendid
painting.
墙上挂的是一幅精彩的画。
hang为不同的意义时，其过去式和过去分词不相同。
hang
意义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
绞死，吊死
hanged
hanged
hanging
悬挂，垂下
hung
hung
hanging
2)常用短语：Hang
on
while
I
get
a
pen.
请等一下，我去拿支钢笔来。
Please
hang
up
and
redial
the
number.
请您挂上电话，重拨一次这个号码。
归纳：hang
on别挂断(常用在打电话时)
hang
up悬挂；挂断(电话)
The
aim
of
basketball
is
for
players
to
get
a
ball
into
the
“basket”：a
net
______
from
a
metal
circle.
A．hanged
B．hanging
C．to
hang
D．being
hung
11．The
next
morning
a
notice
was
put
up
on
the
door
of
the
workhouse，offering
a
reward
to
anybody
who
would
employ
Oliver
Twist.
第二天早晨，孤儿院的大门外贴出了一张告示，向愿意雇佣奥利弗·特威斯特的人提供奖赏。
剖析：句中offering...是现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明a
notice的内容；who
would
employ
Oliver
Twist是定语从句，修饰anybody。
考点：reward
n．酬谢；奖赏；赏金
You
have
received
a
just
reward.
你已得到了应有的酬谢。
By
rights，half
the
reward
should
be
mine.
按理说，有一半奖赏应该是我的。
He
is
insensible
of
rewards.他对赏金一无所知。
拓展：1)辨析reward，prize和award：
A
large
reward
is
offered
for
the
capture
of
the
criminals.
巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。
My
brother
won
the
first
prize
in
the
contest.
我的弟弟在竞赛中获得了一等奖。
The
novel
earned
him
a
literary
award.
这部长篇小说为他赢得了文学奖。
归纳：______通常指对所提供的服务或所做的好事给予的酬劳或报答。______指确认某人在竞争或在比赛中所获得的优异成绩并给予特殊的奖励，也含有优胜者几经拼搏、胜利来之不易的意思。______
指对于某方面特别优异或卓越贡献经评定后正式授予的奖励。
2)reward还可以用作动词，表示
“给……报酬、奖赏”。
Winners
will
be
rewarded
a
trip
to
England.
优胜者将获得去英国旅游的奖赏。
选词填空(reward/award/prize)
1)Beyonce
was
______
Best
Female
Pop
Vocal
Performance
in
the
52th
Grammy
Music
Awards.
2)As
a
______
for
being
good，Karen
bought
all
the
children
pizza.
3)Both
of
the
students
succeeded，each
received
a
______.
答案：1．活学活用1)as 2)Since 3)because 4)for
2．活学活用1)scene 2)scenery 3)view 4)sights
3．活学活用1)to
it 2)Fed
up
with
4．活学活用1)repairing/to
be
repaired 2)brushing/to
be
brushed 3)cleaning/to
be
cleaned 4)A
5．考点：eager anxious
活学活用1)to
win/get 2)eager 3)anxious
6．考点：渴望做某事 极想得到某物
活学活用B
7．活学活用D
8．考点一：倒装 过去完成
活学活用1)B 2)C 3)A
9．活学活用1)catch 2)seizes 3)Grasp
10．活学活用B
11．考点：reward prize award
活学活用1)awarded 2)reward 3)prizeModule
3 Literature
Section
Ⅱ—Grammar
一、观察各组句子，想一想每组中两个句子的不同，并找出引起这种变化的单词或词组1．a.He
had
never
been
so
free
of
worry.
b．Never
had
he
been
so
free
of
worry.
2．a.I
then
only
realized
that
I
was
wrong.
b．Only
then
did
I
realize
that
I
was
wrong.
3．a.The
villagers
didn't
realize
how
serious
the
pollution
was
until
all
the
fish
died
in
the
river.
b．Not
until
all
the
fish
died
in
the
river
did
the
villagers
realize
how
serious
the
pollution
was.
4．a.She
had
hardly
gone
out
when
a
student
came
to
visit
her.
b．Hardly
had
she
gone
out
when
a
student
came
to
visit
her.
5．a.He
seldom
goes
shopping
with
his
girlfriend.
b．Seldom
does
he
go
shopping
with
his
girlfriend.
二、观察下边的强调句并指出所强调部分所作的句子成分
1．It
is
man
who
designs，makes
and
controls
the
computer.______
2．It
was
him
that
I
saw
in
the
park
yesterday.______
3．It
was
in
the
park
that
I
saw
him
yesterday.______
4．It
is
tomorrow
that
they
will
have
a
meeting.______
5．It
was
because
he
was
ill
that
he
was
absent
yesterday.______
答案：一、1.Never 2.Only 3.Not
until 4.Hardly 5.Seldom
二、1.强调主语 2.强调宾语 3.强调地点状语 4.强调时间状语 5.强调原因状语
一、表强调的倒装
倒装是一种语法手段，用以表示一定句子结构的需要或强调某一句子成分的需要。英语的最基本结构是主、谓结构，倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构加以颠倒。倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调。
考点一：完全倒装
分类
举例
1)here，there，now，then，thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be，come，go，lie，run等
There
goes
the
bell.铃响了。Then
came
the
policemen.那时警察来了。Here
is
your
coat.你的外套在这儿。
2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语为表示运动的动词
Out
rushed
a
girl
and
a
cat.一个小女孩和一只猫冲了出来。Ahead
stood
a
little
boy.一个小男孩站在前面。
3)为了保持句子结构平衡，强调表语或状语，或使上下文衔接紧密
Gone
are
the
days
when
we
used
foreign
oil.用洋油的时代一去不复返了。They
arrived
at
a
house，in
front
of
which
stood
a
big
tree.他们来到一所房子旁，房子前面有一棵大树。
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装
Here
he
comes.他来了。Away
they
went.他们走了。
考点二：部分倒装
分类
举例
1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no，not，never，seldom，little，hardly，at
no
time，in
no
way，not
until...等注意：①否定词如不在句首则不倒装②当Not
until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装
Seldom
do
I
go
to
work
by
bus.我很少乘公共汽车去上班。Not
a
single
mistake
did
he
make.他犯的不只是一个错误。At
no
time
should
you
leave
your
post.任何时候你都不应该离开你的岗位。
2)以Not
only...but
also，Hardly/Scarcely...when，No
sooner...than
等结构开头的句子要倒装
Not
only
did
he
refuse
the
gift，but
he
severely
criticized
the
sender.他不但拒绝了礼物，而且严厉批评了送礼的人。Hardly
had
he
begun
to
speak
when
his
father
stopped
him.他刚开口说话就被父亲制止了。No
sooner
had
I
got
home
than
it
began
to
rain.我刚到家就下起了雨。
3)so，neither，nor作部分倒装表示“也”“也不”
Tom
can
speak
French.So
can
Jack.汤姆会说法语，杰克也会说法语。If
you
don't
go，neither
will
I.如果你不去，我也不会去。
4)only在句首后接状语时，要倒装
Only
then
did
we
realize
that
the
man
was
blind.直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。Only
in
this
way
can
you
solve
this
problem.只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。
注意：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
Only
after
he
had
spoken
out
the
word
did
he
realize
he
had
made
a
big
mistake.只有当他已经说出那个单词后才意识到自己犯了个大错。
5)as/though引导的让步状语从句必须将动词、表语或状语提前注意：①句首名词不能带任何冠词②让步状语从句中，有
though，although时，后面的主句中不能有but，但是
though
和yet可连用
Try
hard
as
he
will，he
never
seems
able
to
do
the
work
satisfactorily.尽管他愿意努力，但是他好像从不能把工作做得让人满意。
6)so/such...that句型中的so/such
位于句首时，需倒装
Such
are
the
facts.No
one
can
deny
them.事实就是如此，谁也否定不了。So
unreasonable
was
his
price
that
everybody
startled.他的要价太离谱，令每个人都瞠目结舌。
7)在某些表示祝愿的句型中
May
you
all
be
happy.祝愿你们都幸福。
8)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were，had，should等词，可将if
省略，把
were，had，should等移到主语之前，采取部分倒装
Were
I
you，I
would
try
it
again.如果我是你，我会再试一次。
二、强调句型
强调句型可强调句子中的主语、宾语、状语等成分，但不能强调定语和谓语。被强调部分可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句。
1．陈述句的强调句型：It
is/was＋被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语等)＋that/who(强调主语且主语指人时)＋其他部分。如：
It
is
I
who
am
to
blame.应受责备的是我。
It
is
English
that
is
widely
used
in
the
world
nowadays.
在当今世界被广泛运用的是英语。
It
is
what
he
used
to
do
that
really
matters.
真正要紧的是他过去的所作所为。
It
was
in
the
street
that
I
met
one
of
my
old
friends.
我是在街上遇到我的一个老朋友的。
2．一般疑问句的强调句型：把is/was提到it前面。如：
Was
it
yesterday
that
he
met
Li
Ping
他是在昨天遇到的李平吗？
Was
it
in
1786
that
the
modern
Olympic
Games
started
现代奥运会是开始于1786年吗？3．特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？如：When
and
where
was
it
that
you
were
born
你是什么时候什么地方出生的？
Why
is
it
that
smoking
is
not
allowed
here
这儿到底为什么不允许吸烟？
4．注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that，who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that，who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It
was...，其余的时态用It
is...。5．not...until...句型的强调句
句型为：It
is/was
not
until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分
普通句：He
didn't
go
to
bed
until/till
his
wife
came
back.
强调句：It
was
not
until
his
wife
came
back
that
he
went
to
bed.
注：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till，until可通用；因为句型中It
is/was
not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句。
把下面的句子改写成强调句
1)Tim
gave
Lily
a
card
at
Christmas.(强调a
card)
________________________________________________________________________
2)He
had
been
totally
wrong.(强调he)
________________________________________________________________________
3)Who
did
you
go
swimming
with
yesterday？(强调who)
________________________________________________________________________
4)
It
didn't
stop
raining
until
midnight.(强调until
midnight)
________________________________________________________________________
5)
Only
in
this
way
can
you
finish
the
work
on
time.(强调only
in
this
way)
________________________________________________________________________
单项填空
6)Not
until
I
came
home
last
night
______
to
bed.
A．Mum
did
go
B．did
Mum
go
C．went
Mum
D．Mum
went
7)The
computer
was
used
in
teaching.As
a
result，not
only
______，but
students
became
more
interested
in
the
lessons.
A．saved
was
teachers'
energy
B．was
teachers'
energy
saved
C．teachers'
energy
was
saved
D．was
saved
teachers'
energy
8)So
sudden
______
that
the
enemy
had
no
time
to
escape.
A．did
the
attack B．the
attack
did
C．was
the
attack
D．the
attack
was
9)Little
______
about
her
own
safety，though
she
was
in
great
danger
herself.
A．did
Rose
care
B．Rose
did
care
C．Rose
does
care
D．does
Rose
care
10)Unsatisfied______with
the
payment，he
took
the
job
just
to
get
some
work
experience.
A．though
was
he
B．though
he
was
C．he
was
though
D．was
he
though
11)She
wondered
______
we
could
complete
the
experiment.
A．when
was
it
B．it
was
when
that
C．it
was
when
D．when
it
was
that
答案：活学活用
1)It
was
a
card
that
Tim
gave
Lily
at
Christmas.
2)It
was
he
who/that
had
been
totally
wrong.
3)Who
was
it
that
you
go
swimming
with
yesterday
4)
It
was
not
until
midnight
that
it
stopped
raining.
5)It
is
only
in
this
way
that
you
can
finish
the
work
on
time.
6)B 7)B 8)C 9)A 10)B 11)D
