Module
5 Ethnic
Culture
重要词汇
重要词汇
相关提示
native
adj.
出生地的；土生土长的
注意native与介词to的搭配以及其名词意义(本地人；本国人；土著)
run
v.
控制；管理
注意run的多种词义(控制；管理；开动；运转)
in
use
在使用
识记该短语
apparently
adv.看起来；显然
识记该词及其同根词apparent的词义(显然的，明显的；表面上的)
in
the
distance
在远处
识记该短语并注意其与from
the
distance(从远处)的区别
set
off
出发，动身
注意set
off还有“引起或激发，爆炸”等含义
fasten
v．系牢，缚紧
掌握该词的意义以及短语fasten...to...(把……绑/系/拴到……上)
fold
v.
折叠，对折
掌握该词及其反义词unfold(展开，打开，出现)的意义
adjust
v.
适应，使适应
掌握adjust的意义以及与adapt(适应，调整)的异同及其派生词adjustment的意义
furnish
v.
为(房屋或房间)配备家具
识记该词并注意该词的派生词furniture(家具)是不可数名词，一件家具用a
piece
of
furniture
bare
adj.
赤裸的
掌握其词性、词义以及动词意义(使露出)、派生词barely的意义(仅仅，勉强，几乎没有)
awkward
adj.
尴尬的，为难的
记住其词性、词义(还有“笨拙的，不熟练的；棘手的”等义)
重点句型
1．The
old
town
is
on
the
side
of
a
mountain
and
opposite
it
is
the
5,500
metre
Yulong
Xueshan
Mountain，its
peak
covered
with
snow.
its
peak
covered
with
snow
是独立主格结构，其结构为：“逻辑主语＋过去分词”。
2．The
sky
is
clear
blue
and
I
don't
think
I've
ever
seen
anything
else
so
beautiful
in
my
life.
“I
don't
think
I've
ever
seen
anything
else
so
beautiful
in
my
life”为否定转移句，主句中的not实际否定后面的宾语从句，因此宾语从句的实际意义为“I
have
never
seen
anything
else
so
beautiful
in
my
life”，因此可以看出，该句表达最高级意义。
3．For
example，it
is
the
women
who
run
Naxi
society，and
until
recently，Naxi
women
inherited
all
property.
该句为强调句型。It
is...who...正是某人……
4．They
sit
in
small
circles
in
the
square，with
their
babies
on
their
backs，completely
uninterested
in
the
tourists!
“with
their
babies
on
their
backs”为with复合结构；“completely
uninterested
in
the
tourists”是形容词短语作状语。
5．The
tent
was
furnished
with
a
few
mats
on
the
floor，and
a
low
table
with
a
teapot.
...is
furnished
with...……配备有……
6．It
is
generally
agreed
that
Native
Americans
came
across
from
Asia，somewhere
between
12,000
and
25,000
years
ago.
It
is
generally
agreed
that...人们普遍认为……
重点语法
1.
v． ed形式作状语。
2．动词短语。
写作要求
学会写介绍型说明文
Section
Ⅰ—Introduction，Reading
and
Vocabulary
一、英汉配对
1．ethnic
a．adj.完全不同的；各不相同的
2．minority
b．adj.各种各样的；形形色色的
3．diverse
c．v.控制；管理
4．native
d．v.孵化
5．varied
e．v.继承
6．run
f．adj.种族的；民族的
7．inherit
g．n.财产
8．property
h．n.少数民族
9．custom
i．adj.出生地的；土生土长的
10．hatch
j．n.风俗，习惯，传统
二、选出适当的短语填在下面的横线上
1．在使用____________
2．把……传递给……____________
3．了解____________
4．看起来像____________
5．被……覆盖____________
6．……的栖息地，发祥地____________
7．在远处____________
三、阅读课文完成下列各题
1．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
about
Lijiang
A．It
lies
in
north west
Yunnan.
B．It
is
half
new
town
and
half
old
town.
C．The
old
town
of
it
is
on
the
side
of
a
mountain.
D．The
new
town
of
it
is
opposite
Yulong
Xueshan.
2．Why
does
Simon
say
“Wherever
you
go，you
hear
the
sound
of
rushing
water”
in
the
old
town A．Because
there
is
a
big
waterfall
in
it.
B．Because
three
rivers
run
through
it.
C．Because
there
is
a
big
lake
in
it.
D．Because
it
is
near
the
sea.
3．Naxi
women______.
A．inherit
all
property
B．will
inherit
all
property
for
ever
C．have
always
inherited
property
D．are
very
interested
in
foreign
tourists
4．The
Naxi
language______.
A．is
the
only
hieroglyphic
language
still
in
use
B．is
more
than
2,000
years
old
C．is
not
spoken
any
more
D．was
created
by
Tabu
5．When
you
listen
to
Naxi
music
in
an
old
wooden
hall，you
will______.
A．be
put
on
a
spell
B．hear
women
crying
C．see
some
100 year old
men
D．be
fascinated
by
it
6．Simon's
trip
to
Naxi
is______.
A．boring
B．uninteresting
C．unforgettable
D．regretful
答案：一、1—f,2—h,3—a,4—i,5—b,6—c,7—e,8—g,9—j,10—d
二、1.in
use 2.pass...to... 3.know
about 4.look
as
if 5.be
covered
with 6.home
to 7.in
the
distance
三、1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.D 6.C
1.考点：minority
n．少数民族
It
is
well
known
that
there
are
55
ethnic
minorities
in
our
country.
众所周知，我国有55个少数民族。
拓展：
Men
are
in
the
minority
in
this
profession.在这一行业中，男人占少数。
She
was
elected
by/with
a
majority
of
749.她以749票的多数票当选。
归纳：
minority
n．少数派；少数
(反)majority
n．大多数
be
in
the
minority
占少数
be
in
the
majority
占多数
by/with
a
majority
以多数票
注：minority
作“少数民族”讲时，是______名词；而作“少数派，少数”讲时，常用单数。
完成句子
1)少数民族的人们通常能歌善舞。
People
from
______
______
are
usually
good
at
singing
and
dancing.
2)在政府的高级职位中，女性占少数。Women
______
______
______
______
in
the
top
ranks
of
government.
2．考点：diverse
adj.完全不同的；各不相同的
The
newspaper
aims
to
cover
diverse
range
of
issues.
这家报纸旨在报道各个方面的新闻事件。
拓展：There
is
a
need
for
greater
diversity
and
choice
in
education.
教育方面需要更加多元化和更大的选择性。
Patterns
of
family
life
are
diversifying
and
changing.
家庭生活方式正在不断多样化和日益更新。
归纳：
diversity
n．[U]多样性
diversify
v．多样化
翻译下列句子
1)我的兴趣非常广泛。
________________________________________________________________________
2)我们重视文化方面的多样性。
________________________________________________________________________
3．考点：native
adj.出生地的；土生土长的
The
giant
panda
is
native
to
China.
大熊猫是中国土生土长的动物。归纳：表示“原属于……的，原产于……的”，用____________。
拓展：
native还可以作名词，意思是“本地人，本国人；天然生长于某地的动/植物”。
Are
you
a
native
here，or
just
a
visitor
你是本地人还是只是个游客？
The
kangaroo
is
a
native
of
Australia.
袋鼠是产于澳洲的土生动物。
翻译句子
1)烟草原产于美洲。
________________________________________________________________________
同义句转换
2)He
is
a
Beijing
native.
He
______
______
______
Beijing.
4．I've
been
in
Yunnan
for
two
months
now
and
I'm
still
astonished
by
how
varied
the
landscape
is.我来云南已经两个月了，这里多姿多彩的风景仍然令我惊讶不已。
考点：varied
adj.各种各样的；形形色色的
He
is
leading
a
full
and
varied
life.
他过着丰富多彩的生活。
拓展：The
quality
of
the
students'
work
varies
greatly.
学生作业的质量参差不齐。
She
took
the
job
for
various
reasons.
由于种种原因，她接受了这份工作。
归纳：vary
v．相异；不同
various
adj.不同的；各种各样的(一般用于名词前)
同义句转换
1)There
is
a
wide
variety
of
patterns
to
choose
from.
There
are
______
patterns
to
choose
from.
2)The
planning
laws
are
different
from
town
to
town.
The
planning
laws
______
from
town
to
town.
5．The
old
town
is
on
the
side
of
a
mountain
and
opposite
it
is
the
5,500
metre
Yulong
Xueshan
Mountain，its
peak
covered
with
snow.
古城依山而建，对面是海拔5,500米的玉龙雪山，山峰被积雪覆盖。
剖析：本句中，opposite
it
is
the
5,500
metre
Yulong
Xueshan
Mountain是一个完全倒装句式。its
peak
covered
with
snow是由名词及其后面的非谓语动词形式构成的独立主格结构，此处its
peak跟cover是逻辑上的动宾关系。其作用相当于with复合结构with
its
peak
covered
with
snow或定语从句whose
peak
is
covered
with
snow。
考点：独立主格结构
有的独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。多用于书面语。独立主格结构的特点：
1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2)名词或代词与后面的非谓语动词是逻辑上的主谓关系。
3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。
Weather
permitting(＝If
weather
permits)，they
will
go
on
an
outing
to
the
beach
tomorrow.
如果天气允许的话，他们明天将去海滨小游。
The
work
done(＝After
the
work
had
been
done)，we
went
home.
工作完成后，我们就回家了。
An
important
lecture
to
be
given
tomorrow(＝As
an
important
lecture
will
be
given
tomorrow)，the
professor
has
to
stay
up
late
into
the
night.
因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
He
was
lying
on
the
grass，his
hands
crossed
under
his
head(＝and
his
hands
were
crossed
under
his
head)．
他躲在草地上，两手交叉枕在脑后。
把下列句子改成独立主格结构
1)When
the
test
was
finished，we
began
our
holiday.
______
______
______，we
began
our
holiday.
2)They
all
went
home
as
soon
as
the
meeting
was
over.
______
______
______，they
all
went
home.
3)As
it
was
Sunday，we
went
to
church.
______
______
______，we
went
to
church.
4)The
boy
went
to
the
classroom
and
a
book
was
in
his
hand.
The
boy
went
to
the
classroom，______
______
______.
6．For
example，it
is
the
women
who
run
Naxi
society，and
until
recently，Naxi
women
inherited
all
property.
例如，管理纳西族社会的是妇女，而且近来还是由纳西族的妇女来继承全部财产。
剖析：本句是由并列连词and连接的两个并列句，其中在第一个分句中“it
is...who...”是强调句型。
考点：run
v．控制；管理
The
government
is
now
run
by
military.
该政府现在由军队控制着。
They
have
the
right
to
run
their
own
affairs.
他们有权管理自己的事务。
拓展：
run还有以下意义：
Mr
Smith
is
running
a
small
hotel.
史密斯先生经营着一家小旅馆。
Running
a
school
is
his
dream.
开办一所学校是他的梦想。
Don't
leave
the
car
engine
running.
别让汽车引擎运转着。
归纳：run
v．经营；开办；运转
单项填空
—Do
you
think
we
should
accept
that
offer
—Yes，we
should，for
we
______such
bad
luck
up
till
now，and
time
______
out.
A．have
had；is
running
B．had；is
running
C．have；has
been
run
D．have
had；has
been
run
7．They
have
the
custom
of
playing
cards
on
card
tables
in
the
middle
of
the
street.
她们有在街中心围着桌子打扑克的习惯。
考点：custom
n．风俗，习惯，传统
It
is
the
custom
in
that
country
that
people
give
each
other
presents
at
Christmas.
在圣诞节互赠礼品是那个国家的风俗。
拓展：1)have
the
custom
of
doing
sth.有做的……的风俗习惯
customs
n．(pl.)海关 customer
n．顾客
2)辨析custom和habit：
the
custom
of
throwing
rice
at
weddings
在婚礼上抛撒大米的习俗
Jeff
was
in
the
habit
of
taking
a
walk
after
dinner.
杰夫有饭后散步的习惯。
归纳：custom一般指整个社会、民族、宗教、部落等在长时间内形成的风俗、习惯。偶尔也指个人习惯。
habit
一般指个人行为。
选词填空(custom/habit)
1)在中国，除夕吃饺子是一种风俗。
In
China
it
is
a
______
to
eat
dumplings
on
the
Eve
of
Spring
Festival.
2)我妈妈感到害怕时，习惯闭上眼睛。
My
mother
has
the
______
of
closing
her
eyes
when
she
feels
frightened.
8．The
Naxi
language
is
the
only
hieroglyphic
language
still
in
use
and
is
over
1,000
years
old.
纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字，已有一千多年的历史了。
考点：in
use
在使用
Though
the
dictionary
is
worn
out，it
is
still
in
use.
尽管这本词典已破旧不堪，但是仍在使用。
拓展：含use的常见短语：
put
sth.to
(good)
use
有效使用(利用)
come
into
use开始使用
make
(good)
use
of
(充分)利用
have
no
use
for
不需要，用不着
no
use没用处，无益处
go
out
of
use
停止使用
be
of
no
use
无用
用上面短语的适当形式填空
1)That
textbook
is
no
longer
______.
2)He
has
______
his
training
______
in
that
job.
3)When
did
the
word
data
______？
4)We
must
______
of
the
resources
we
have.
5)You
may
have
the
book；I
______
for
it
any
longer.
6)It's
______
arguing
with
him.
9．However
different
we
may
appear
to
be
at
first，we
are
all
the
same，all
equal.
无论起初我们看上去有多么不同，然而我们本质上是一样的，每个人都是平等的。
考点：however引导让步状语从句，意为“无论如何”“不管怎样”，用来修饰形容词或副词，其顺序为：however＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语＋其他。
Phone
me
when
you
arrive，however
late
it
is.
你到达之后就给我打电话，不论多么晚。
However
much
he
eats，he
never
gets
fat.
他不管吃多少永远吃不胖。
However
cold
it
is，he
always
goes
swimming.
不管天有多冷，他都去游泳。
拓展：
1)however
与
no
matter
how
大致同义。
People
always
want
more，however/no
matter
how
rich
they
are.
不管多富有，人们总想获得更多。
However/No
matter
how
hard
I
worked，she
was
never
satisfied.
无论我多么努力地工作，她从来没满意过。
2)however还可以用作副词
She
felt
ill.She
went
to
work，however，and
tried
to
concentrate.
她感到不舒服。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精力工作。
However
did
you
know
that
你到底怎么知道那件事的？
归纳：however用作副词，表示“____________”等意义。
单项填空
1)We
should
report
any
incident，______.
A．however
serious
or
minor
it
is
B．how
serious
or
minor
is
it
C．it
is
how
serious
or
minor
D．it
is
however
serious
or
minor
2)Many
careers
require
a
college
diploma；in
some
jobs，______，previous
experience
is
the
main
requirement.
A．besides
B．however
C．accordingly
D．therefore
答案：1．考点：可数
活学活用：1)ethnic
minorities 2)are
in
the
minority
2．活学活用：1)My
interests
are
very
diverse. 2)We
value
the
cultural
diversity.
3．考点：be
native
to
活学活用：1)Tobacco
is
native
to
America. 2)is
native
to
4．活学活用：1)various/varied 2)differ/vary
5．活学活用：1)The
test
finished 2)The
meeting
over 3)It
being
Sunday 4)book
in
hand
6．活学活用：A
7．活学活用：1)custom 2)habit
8．活学活用：1)in
use 2)put；to
good
use 3)come
into
use 4)make
the
best
use 5)have
no
use 6)no
use
9．考点：然而，可是；到底
活学活用：1)A 2)BModule
5 Ethnic
Culture
Section
Ⅲ—Integrating
skills
一、英汉配对
1．apparently
a．adj.愚蠢的，傻的
2．foolish
b．adj.牢固的，稳固的
3．lame
c．adv.看起来，显然
4．firm
d．adj.瘸的，跛的
5．fasten
e．v.系牢，缚紧
6．loose
f．adj.稀松的，疏松的
7．fold
g．v.适应，使适应
8．adjust
h．v.折叠，对折
9．furnish
i．adj.尴尬的，为难的
10．awkward
j．v.为(房屋或房间)配备家具
二、根据方框中所给短语及释义填空
go
on fall
for make
up have
a
population
of put
up come
across in
the
distance set
off think
over hear
of
1．be
attracted
by...fall
in
love
with
____________
2．meet...by
chance
____________
3．begin
a
journey
____________4．let
someone
stay
in
your
house
for
the
night；build
something
____________
5．continue
doing
something
as
before
____________
6．consider
a
problem/decision
carefully
____________
7．组成，构成；弥补；编造____________
8．听说；得知____________
9．在远处____________
10．有……人口____________
答案：一、1—c,2—a,3—d,4—b,5—e,6—f,7—h,8—g,9—j,10—i
二、1.fall
for 2.come
across 3.set
off 4.put
up 5.go
on 6.think
over 7.make
up 8.hear
of 9.in
the
distance 10.have
a
population
of
1．Apparently，it's
the
restaurant's
best
dish.
显然，这是这家餐馆的招牌菜。
考点：apparently
adv.看起来；显然
Apparently
she
did
not
succeed.
看来她没有成功。
He
was
apparently
much
surprised
at
the
news.
他对那个消息显然感到十分惊讶。
拓展：同根词：apparent
adj.显然的；明显的；表面上的
It
was
apparent
that
he
was
in
no
condition
to
travel.
他的健康状况显然不宜旅行。
Is
this
an
apparent
contradiction
这是明显的矛盾吗？
She
heard
the
news
of
his
death
with
apparent
unconcern.
她听到他的死讯表面上无动于衷。
完成句子1)显然他从那里什么也没看见。
______，he
could
see
nothing
from
there.
同义句转换(每空一词)
2)Apparently，he
didn't
know
the
news.
______
______
______
______
he
didn't
know
the
news.
2．In
the
distance
was
an
ox
working
in
a
field.远处，有一头牛在田间劳作。
剖析：地点状语in
the
distance置于句首，句子完全倒装。
考点：in
the
distance
在远处
I
could
see
the
faint
gleam
of
light
in
the
distance.
我能看见远处微弱的灯光。拓展：distance的其他常用短语
keep
one's
distance
保持距离
from
the
distance
从远处
用
distance的相关短语填空
1)______
______
______
there
came
a
crash
of
firing.
2)When
I
reached
the
top，I
saw
a
large，bright
object
______
______
______.
3)I
would
______
______
______
from
that
dog，if
I
were
you!
3．George
and
I
looked
at
each
other，then
set
off
after
her.
乔治和我对视了一眼，就跟着她出发了。
考点：set
off
出发，动身
Hatch
set
off
to
make
rounds，leaving
Dick
in
a
muse.
哈奇出发去巡逻了，留下狄克沉浸在深思中。
We
set
off
for
town
at
dawn.
我们拂晓动身去镇上。
归纳：“开始做某事”用__________，“动身前往某地”用____________。
拓展：1)set
off的其他含义
A
group
of
boys
were
setting
off
fireworks
in
the
street.
一群男孩子正在街上放烟火。
Opening
this
door
will
set
off
the
alarm.
一开这道门，警铃就会响起。
Panic
on
the
stock
market
set
off
a
wave
of
selling.
股市恐慌引发了一轮抛售潮。
That
blouse
sets
off
the
blue
of
her
eyes.
那件上衣衬托出了她的蓝眼睛。
归纳：
set
off还有“使爆炸；使(警报)响起；引发，激起；衬托，使显得更突出(或更漂亮)”的意思。
2)相关短语：set
out
动身，启程；开始；阐明(作出决定的理由)
set
out
to
do
sth.开始做某事
set
about
doing
sth.着手/开始做某事
set
apart
使与众不同；使显得突出
set
aside
把置于一旁；驳回；省出，留出
set
back
推迟，阻碍……的进展
set
down
记下
set
free
释放
set
up
设立；造成；竖起，建起；安装
用set短语的正确形式填空(set
out，set
about)
1)He
______
to
write
his
novel
at
seven
in
the
evening.
2)After
the
five
murders
in
the
school
within
only
one
month，the
government
______
taking
measures
to
protect
the
students
and
teachers.
4．It
had
a
rigid
framework
of
wooden
poles，like
the
one
the
woman
was
carrying，covered
with
heavy
cloth，and
fastened
with
rope
made
with
some
kind
of
loose
plant
fibre.
它结构坚固，是由同那个女子手里拿着的一样的木棍搭成的，上面盖着厚重的布，各处用某种松散的植物纤维制成的绳子紧紧系住。
考点一：fasten
v.
系牢，缚紧
Please
fasten
your
seat
belts.
请系好安全带。
I
don't
mind
asking
a
nice
lady
to
fasten
my
shoelaces，when
I
get
out
on
the
street.
我上街时，总是请心地善良的女士给我系紧鞋带，我想这没关系。
The
dog
is
fastened
to
a
post
by
a
chain.那条狗被链条拴在柱子上。
归纳：____________把……绑/系/拴到……上
考点二：loose
adj.
稀松的，疏松的
The
weave
of
this
sweater
is
very
loose.
这件毛衣的编织很稀松。
I
have
got
a
loose
tooth.
我有一颗牙齿松动了。
拓展：同根词：loosen
v.
松开，解开；放松；变松
I
loosened
my
tie，but
I
didn't
take
it
off.
我松开了领带，但是没有把它解下来。
He
loosened
his
coat.他解开外套。
Don't
be
so
nervous—loosen
up
a
bit.
别那么紧张——放松一点。
完成句子
1)你把洗的衣物用衣夹夹在绳子上。
______
the
washing
______
the
line
with
pegs.
2)她在夏天穿宽松的衣服。
She
wears
______
garments
in
summer.
3)我的领带太紧，我必须解开它。
My
tie
is
too
tight.I
must
______
it.
5．The
woman
folded
back
a
cloth
and
invited
us
in.
老妇人掀起一块布，邀请我们进去。
考点：fold
v．折叠，对折
He
folded
the
letter
up
and
left
the
room
angrily.
他把信件折叠起来气愤地离开了房间。
拓展：unfold
v．打开；展开
folder
n．文件夹folding
adj.折叠式的
用fold的适当形式填空
1)The
guard
______
his
arms
across
his
chest
and
glared
at
the
thief.
2)Lewis
______
the
note
and
read
it
quickly.
3)We
need
a
______
chair
in
our
living
room.
6．My
eyes
had
to
adjust
to
the
darkness
inside.
我的眼睛不得不去适应里面的一片漆黑。
考点：adjust
v．适应，使适应
It
took
her
two
years
to
adjust
to
the
life
in
England.
她花了两年时间来适应英格兰的生活。
Astronauts
in
flight
must
adjust
to
weightlessness.
宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。
It
took
several
seconds
for
his
eyes
to
adjust
to
the
dark.
几秒钟后他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。
You'll
quickly
adjust
yourself
to
student
life.
你将很快适应学生生活。
归纳：adjust
to
sth.适应某事
adjust
oneself
to
sth.使自己适应某事
拓展：1)adjust
v．调整，调节
adjustable
adj.可调整的，可调节的
adjustment
n．调整；适应；调解
make
an
adjustment
作出调整
2)辨析adjust
to和adapt
to：
We
have
had
to
adapt
quickly
to
the
new
system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
Adjust
your
language
to
the
age
of
your
audience.
要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。
归纳：二者都有“(通过改变某人或某物而)使……适合，使……适应”的意思。区别：
adjust
to
强调对某人或某物本身进行改变，以使其适应新的需要。
adapt
to强调改变的目的。
同义句转换
1)Due
to
the
present
price
level，we
cannot
help
but
adjust
our
offer.
Due
to
the
present
price
level，we
cannot
help
but______
______
______
in
our
offer.
单项填空
2)The
good
thing
about
children
is
that
they
______
very
easily
to
new
environments.
A．adapt
B．appeal
C．attach
D．apply
7．The
tent
was
furnished
with
a
few
mats
on
the
floor，and
a
low
table
with
a
teapot.
帐篷的地板上铺着几块地垫，还有一张矮桌，上面放着一个茶壶。
考点：furnish
v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具
His
office
is
plainly
furnished
with
a
desk
and
two
chairs.
他的办公室布置简朴，只有一张桌子，两把椅子。
拓展：She
furnished
him
with
the
facts
surrounding
the
case.
她向他提供了与案件有关的真实情况。
The
company
furnishes
our
school
with
electric
power.
该公司为我们学校供电。
They
furnished
food
to
the
hungry.
他们为饥饿的人提供食物。
归纳：1)furnish...with表示“向……提供”，相当于supply...with；及物动词furnish后面一般接人或单位的名词，with后接表示东西的名词(东西既可以是物质的，也可以是精神上的)；还可表示“用……布置(陈设)”，但这时通常用被动形式，即be
furnished
with。
2)furnish...to表示“把……提供给”，相当于supply...to；及物动词furnish后接表示东西的名词，介词to后一般接表示人或单位的名词，指提供的对象。
用furnish的适当短语填空
1)Lyall's
evidence
may
have
______
the
police
______
an
important
clue.
2)Her
study
______
an
antique
desk
and
chair.
8．The
man
in
the
photo
was
bare
to
the
waist.
照片中的人光着上身。
考点：bare
adj.
赤裸的
She
likes
to
walk
around
in
bare
feet.
她喜欢光着脚走来走去。
拓展：1)bare还有以下意义
All
they
had
were
the
bare
necessities
of
life.
他们所有的仅仅是生活必需品而已。
归纳：1)bare还有“______”的意义。
2)bare还可以用作动词，意思是“(使)赤裸，使露出，(使)暴露”等。
He
bared
the
tree
of
its
bark.
他剥光树皮。
Their
backs
were
bared.
他们的背裸露着。
3)派生词：barely
adv.
仅仅，勉强；几乎没有
Our
accommodation
is
barely
adequate.
我们的住房勉强够用。
Their
wages
are
barely
enough
to
keep
the
wolf
from
the
door.
他们的工资勉强够维持生活。
She
was
barely
recognizable
as
the
girl
I
had
known
at
school.
我几乎认不出她就是我上学时认识的那个女孩儿。
The
room
is
barely
furnished.室内几乎没有陈设。
完成句子
1)不要光着头躺在阳光下。
Don't
lie
in
the
sun
with
______
______
______.
2)他一看表发觉才9点半。
Looking
at
his
watch
he
found
it
was
______
half
past
nine.
3)狗露出了牙齿。
The
dog
______
its
teeth.
9．I
felt
awkward，so
I
smiled
at
him.
我感觉有点尴尬，就朝他笑了笑。
考点：awkward
adj.
尴尬的，为难的
At
10
o'clock
in
the
morning
their
teacher
drifted
in，and
they
were
awkward
to
be
still
in
bed.
上午10点钟时老师突然来了，他们还在床上，因而感到很尴尬。
Your
request
made
me
quite
awkward.
你的请求让我很为难。
拓展：awkward还有“笨拙的；不熟练的；使用不便的；棘手的”等含义。
She
is
still
awkward
with
chopsticks.
她用筷子还不熟练。
This
machine
is
awkward
to
handle.
这台机器很难操作。
He
asked
several
awkward
questions
at
the
press
conference.
他在记者招待会上提了几个难回答的问题。
翻译句子
1)There
was
an
awkward
moment
when
she
didn't
know
whether
to
shake
his
hand
or
kiss
his
cheek.
________________________________________________________________________
2)The
hammer
was
awkward
to
use.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1．活学活用：1)Apparently 2)It
was
apparent
that
2．活学活用：1)From
the
distance 2)in
the
distance 3)keep
my
distance
3．考点：set
off
to
do
sth. set
off
for
some
place
活学活用：1)sets
out 2)set
about
4．考点一：fasten...to...
活学活用：1)Fasten；to 2)loose 3)loosen
5．活学活用：1)folded 2)unfolded 3)folding
6．活学活用：1)make
an
adjustment 2)A
7．活学活用：1)furnished；with 2)was
furnished
with
8．考点：仅够的
活学活用：1)your
head
bare 2)barely 3)bared
9．活学活用：1)她不知道是和他握手还是亲吻他的面颊，这令她很尴尬。
2)这把锤子不好用。Module
5 Ethnic
Culture
Section
Ⅱ—Grammar
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．____________(make)
of
stone，the
bridge
is
much
more
substantial
than
those
made
of
wood.
2．Susan
seldom
speaks
in
class
until
____________(speak)to.
3．Greatly
____________(disappoint)，some
staff
decided
to
leave
the
place.
4．He
walked
up
and
down，____________(lose)in
thought.5．____________(invite)into
a
Naxi
home，you
should
accept
happily.
二、仿照例句改写句子
Example：When
the
city
is
seen
from
the
hill，it
is
more
beautiful.
→Seen
from
the
hill，the
city
is
more
beautiful.
1．If
I
were
given
an
hour，I
would
have
finished
the
work.
→________________________________________________________________________
2．As
she
was
scolded
by
the
teacher，the
girl
sat
there
without
lifting
her
head.
→________________________________________________________________________
3．The
old
man
went
into
the
room，and
he
was
supported
by
his
wife.
→________________________________________________________________________
4．Though
he
was
defeated
again，he
didn't
lose
heart.
→________________________________________________________________________
5．Because
he
was
caught
in
a
heavy
rain，he
was
all
wet.
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：一、1.Made 2.spoken 3.disappointed 4.lost 5.Invited
二、1.Given
an
hour，I
would
have
finished
the
work.
2．Scolded
by
the
teacher，the
girl
sat
there
without
lifting
her
head.
3．The
old
man
went
into
the
room，supported
by
his
wife.
4．Defeated
again，he
didn't
lose
heart.
5．Caught
in
a
heavy
rain，he
was
all
wet.
过去分词(短语)作状语
过去分词(短语)作状语是非谓语动词的重点之一，也是历年高考的重要考点之一，下面就对过去分词(短语)作状语的用法进行归纳。
一、过去分词(短语)作状语的功能
过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。1．过去分词作状语表示被动和完成的动作。
Written
in
a
hurry，this
article
is
not
so
good.
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
(written
in
a
hurry是过去分词短语作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且被写的动作已经发生)
2．过去分词(短语)作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，此时应注意人称一致，而且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。
Caught
in
a
heavy
rain，he
was
all
wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
(caught
in
a
heavy
rain是过去分词短语作状语，它的逻辑主语是主句的主语he，即被大雨淋了。)
3．过去分词(短语)作状语可转化为句子。
1)过去分词(短语)作时间状语，可转化为when，while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
Seen
from
the
top
of
the
hill，the
park
looks
more
beautiful.
→When
the
park
is
seen
from
the
top
of
the
hill，it
looks
more
beautiful.
从山顶上往下看，这个公园看起来更加漂亮。
2)过去分词(短语)作条件状语，可转化为if，once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Given
another
hour，I
can
also
work
out
this
problem.
→If
I
am
given
another
hour，I
can
also
work
out
this
problem.
再给我一个小时，我也能解出这道题。
3)过去分词(短语)作原因状语，可转化为as，since或because等引导的原因状语从句。
Frightened
by
the
noise
in
the
night，the
girl
didn't
dare
to
sleep
in
her
room.
→Because
the
girl
was
frightened
by
the
noise
in
the
night，she
didn't
dare
to
sleep
in
her
room.
受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
4)过去分词(短语)作让步状语，可转化为although，though或even
if等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted
by
our
climb，we
continued
our
journey.
→Although
we
were
exhausted
by
our
climb，we
continued
our
journey.
我们虽然爬得很累，但仍然继续我们的旅程。
5)过去分词(短语)作伴随状语，一般可转化为并列结构。
Aunt
Wu
came
in，followed
by
her
daughter.
→Aunt
Wu
came
in，and
she
was
followed
by
her
daughter.
吴阿姨走了进来，后面跟着她的女儿。
注意：状语从句改为过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词(短语)”结构作状语。
When
given
a
medical
examination，you
should
keep
calm.
当你做体检时，要保持镇静。
4．过去分词作状语时的位置
1)过去分词(短语)作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；
2)作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；
3)作方式状语时，通常放在句末，有时也放在句首；
4)作让步状语时，通常放在句首，有时也放在句末。
二、使用过去分词(短语)作状语时容易出错的两种情况。
1．忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是主句主语。
如果分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，则可以用下列方法来修正：
①给分词添加自己的主语，构成独立主格结构；
②把分词改变语态(现在分词与过去分词转换)；
③改为相应的状语从句来表达；
④用with复合结构。
例如：完成作业后，孩子们出去踢足球了。
(×)Finished
their
homework，the
children
went
out
to
play
football.
改正后：
Their
homework
finished，the
children
went
out
to
play
football.(独立主格结构)
Having
finished
their
homework，the
children
went
out
to
play
football.(改变了语态，用现在分词)
After
the
children
finished
their
homework，they
went
out
to
play
football.(相应的状语从句)
With
their
homework
finished，the
children
went
out
to
play
football.(with复合结构)
2．有些含有分词的固定插入语，其逻辑主语不要求与主句主语一致，也就是说它们的主句主语与句子的主语没有语法关系。这类词常见的有：judging
from/by(根据……来判断)；generally/frankly/exactly
speaking(一般来说/坦率地说/确切地说)；considering/taking...into
consideration(考虑到)；including(包括)；supposing/suppose
that(假使)；provided/providing(如果)；seeing(考虑到)等。
Judging
from
his
appearance，he
is
a
wealthy
man.
从外表看，他是一位富翁。
Generally
speaking，the
more
you
pay，the
more
you
get.
一般来说，付出的越多，得到的就越多。
单项填空
1)______
in
the
queue
for
half
an
hour，Tom
suddenly
realized
that
he
had
left
his
wallet
at
home.
A．To
wait
B．Have
waited
C．Having
waited
D．To
have
waited
2)______
by
the
beauty
of
nature，the
girl
from
London
decided
to
spend
another
two
days
on
the
farm.
A．Attracting
B．Attracted
C．To
be
attracted
D．Having
attracted
3)The
research
is
so
designed
that
once
______
nothing
can
be
done
to
change
it.
A．begins
B．having
begun
C．beginning
D．begun
4)______
to
sunlight
for
too
much
time
will
do
harm
to
one's
skin.
A．Exposed
B．Having
exposed
C．Being
exposed
D．After
being
exposed5)When______
why
she
was
late，the
girl
remained
silent.
A．asking
B．asked
C．having
asking
D．having
asked
6)______
the
right
kind
of
training，these
teenage
soccer
players
may
one
day
grow
into
international
stars.
A．Giving
B．Having
given
C．To
give
D．Given
7)Every
evening
after
dinner，if
not
______
from
work，I
will
spend
some
time
walking
my
dog.
A．being
tired
B．tiring
C．tired
D．to
be
tired
8)______
twice，the
postman
refused
to
deliver
our
letters
unless
we
chained
our
dog.
A．Being
bitten
B．Bitten
C．Having
bitten
D．To
be
bitten
9)______
by
the
advances
in
technology，many
farmers
have
set
up
wind
farms
on
their
land.
A．Being
encouraged
B．Encouraging
C．Encouraged
D．Having
encouraged
10)For
breakfast
he
only
drinks
juice
from
fresh
fruit
______
on
his
own
farm.
A．grown
B．being
grown
C．to
be
grown
D．to
grow
11)(2011·天津卷)______
into
English，the
sentence
was
found
to
have
an
entirely
different
word
order.
A．Translating
B．Translated
C．To
translate
D．Having
translated
12)(2011·四川卷)______
an
important
role
in
a
new
movie，Andy
has
got
a
chance
to
become
famous.
A．Offer
B．Offering
C．Offered
D．To
offer
答案：过去分词(短语)作状语
活学活用：1)C 2)B 3)D 4)C 5)B 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)C 10)A 11)B 12)C
动词短语
归纳：代词 介词
活学活用：1)D 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)C 6)D 7)B 8)A 9)C 10)D 11)C 12)D 13)A 14)A 15)B
动词短语
概说：短语动词是由动词加副词或介词构成的。
1)动词＋副词
常见的一些
“动词＋副词”
短语及其意义：
try
out
试验
look
(a)round
环视
break
up
打碎；终止
build
up
逐步建立；增强
blow
out
吹灭；爆裂
break
out
爆发
break
down
出故障；垮掉；分解；拆毁
bring
down
降低；击败
back
off
后退
break
off
中断；绝交
carry
on
继续；开展
come
on
产生；发展；快点
bring
over
带来；说服
hand
over
移交
answer
back
还口；顶嘴
call
back
叫回；收回；回电
check
in
登记；报道
count
in
把……算入bring
about
导致；带来
come
about
发生
John
took
off
his
hat
as
he
entered
the
room.
约翰进屋时摘下了帽子。
Mary
put
on
her
hat
and
left
the
room.
玛丽戴上帽子离开了房间。
I
always
get
on
the
bus
at
34th
Street.
我总是在第34街上公共汽车。
Last
night
several
friends
called
on
us.
昨晚有几个朋友来看我们。
Which
book
did
you
pick
out
to
send
to
Helen
你挑选了哪一本书给海伦呢？
We
talked
over
Mr
Reese's
plan
but
could
not
come
to
a
decision.
我们讨论过李斯先生的计划，可是尚未作出决定。
After
standing
for
so
long，it
was
a
pleasure
to
sit
down
and
rest.
站得太久了，坐下来休息真是一件愉快的事。
William
took
out
his
handkerchief
and
wiped
his
forehead.
威廉取出手帕擦了擦额头。
Every
student
should
look
up
all
the
new
words
in
his
dictionary
each
day.
每个学生应该每天从字典上查阅所有的生词。
Did
anyone
call
me
up
while
I
was
out
我出去的时候有人给我打电话吗？
When
the
President
entered，everyone
in
the
room
stood
up.
总统进来时，室内每个人都站了起来。
归纳：
1)副词既可以置于宾语前，也可以置于宾语后。但如果宾语是______，则必须置于动词和副词之间。
2)此类短语后并不总是跟宾语。
3)定语从句中此类短语中的副词不能提前，即不能用副词＋which/whom结构。
The
sports
meet
which
you
mentioned
will
be
put
off
till
next
week.
你说的运动会被推迟到下周了。
拓展：
许多短语往往一词多义，如：
Doctors
recommended
that
the
drug
should
be
taken
off
the
market.
医生建议市面上应停止出售该类药物。
The
officer
leading
the
inquiry
has
been
taken
off
the
case.
主持调查该事的官员已被调离。
The
mixed
grill
has
been
taken
off
the
menu.
烤杂排这道菜已从菜单上取消了。
He
took
off
his
shoes
and
went
to
sleep.
他脱下鞋子睡觉去了。
My
plane
takes
off
at
3：00.
我的飞机3点起飞。
I'm
afraid
the
disease
can't
be
stopped，so
we
shall
have
to
take
your
leg
off.
恐怕这病情控制不住了，因此得把你的一条腿截肢。
The
tiger
took
off
from
the
ground
with
a
powerful
spring.
老虎从地上猛地一跃而起。
The
early
morning
train
is
being
taken
off
for
the
winter.
早班火车冬季将停运。
I'm
so
pleased
that
I've
been
able
to
take
off
all
that
weight
and
get
into
my
good
clothes
again!
我的体重终于减轻，那些漂亮的衣服又合身了，我真高兴！
2)动词＋介词
常见的一些
“动词＋介词”
短语及其意义：
look
at
看
look
for
寻找
look
after
照顾
look
into
往……里看；调查
look
over
检查
arrive
in
到达
arrive
at到达
hear
of
听说
hear
from
收到……的来信
ask
for
要求
leave
for
前往……
send
for
派人去请
pay
for
付钱
wait
for
等待
agree
with
同意
begin
with
以……开始
help
with
帮助
play
with
玩……
listen
to
听
come
from
来自
fall
off
从……上摔下
knock
at/on
敲
laugh
at嘲笑
worry
about
为……担心
write
to写信给……
try
on
试穿，试戴
take
after
像
call
for
邀约；要求，需要
He
takes
after
his
mother.
他长得像他母亲。
What
do
you
think
of
that
movie
which
you
saw
last
night
你觉得你昨晚看的那部电影怎么样？
Let's
begin
our
class
with
an
English
song.
我们以一首英语歌开始上课。
The
workers
asked
for
more
pay
and
shorter
working
hours.
工人们要求增加工资，减少工时。
He
is
wondering
what
to
deal
with.
他想知道要处理什么。
She
has
a
lot
of
things
to
see
to.
她有很多事情要负责。
Please
write
to
me
soon.
请尽快给我写信。
He
fell
off
the
wall
and
hurt
his
back.
他从墙上跌下来摔伤了后背。
Don't
play
with
fire！It's
dangerous.
别玩火！危险。
You
needn't
worry
about
him.He
will
be
OK.
不用担心他，他会好的。
This
kind
of
experiments
calls
for
skill
and
patience.
这类实验需要技巧和耐心。
The
lady
tried
on
several
clothes
but
none
was
fit
for
her.
那位女士试穿了几件衣服，可是没有一件合适的。
It
is
said
that
a
famous
detective
will
be
invited
here
to
look
into
the
case.
据说，一位著名的侦探将被请来调查此案。
归纳：此类短语中，介词的宾语总是置于______后。
许多短语往往一词多义，如：
Attend
to
your
work
and
stop
talking.
专心工作，不要说话。
I
have
my
business
to
attend
to.我有事要办。
The
nurse
is
attending
to
a
sick
man.
护士正在照料一位病人。
3)动词＋副词＋介词
常见的一些
“动词＋副词＋介词”
短语及其意义：
catch
up
with
赶上
get
on/along
with
与……相处
put
up
with
忍受
do
away
with去掉，废除
give
in
to
屈服于；向……让步
do
well
in
学得不错，干得漂亮
get
down
to
认真对待，开始
get
together
with与……聚会
break
away
from
摆脱……
look
out
of
向……外看
run
out
of
用完，耗尽
come
up
with
提出，想出
look
forward
to
期盼
look
down
upon
瞧不起
He
did
very
well
in
yesterday's
exam.
昨天的考试他考得不错。
Look
out
of
the
window
and
you
will
see
a
kite.
向窗外看，你会看到一只风筝。
Can
you
catch
up
with
the
red
car
ahead
你能赶上前面那辆红色的车吗？
We
are
looking
forward
to
seeing
you
soon.
我们盼着快点见到你。
If
you
want
to
succeed
you
must
get
down
to
your
work
right
now.
你想成功的话就必须马上开始工作。
The
representatives
came
up
with
a
proposal
concerned
with
food
security.
代表们提出了一项有关食品安全的提案。
We
have
run
out
of
the
gas
on
the
half
way.
半路上我们的汽油用完了。
Don't
look
down
upon
others.不要瞧不起别人。
单项填空
1)Clouds
are
gathering.I
think
we'd
better
______
the
school
in
case
it
starts
to
rain.
A．run
out
B．bring
up
C．refer
to
D．head
for
2)Some
miners
were
trapped
when
the
local
mine
was
flooded，but
luckily,400
kilograms
of
milk
______
to
them
during
the
rescue.
A．got
through
B．brought
down
C．gave
away
D．gave
out
3)The
present
situation
is
very
complex，so
I
feel
that
we
will
spend
quite
a
long
while
______
its
reality.
A．figuring
out
B．making
up
C．looking
into
D．keeping
up
4)The
young
woman
invited
me
to
dance
with
her
but
I
______
her
invitation.
A．turned
off
B．turned
out
C．turned
down
D．turned
away
5)—Jimmy
had
a
lot
of
parties
recently.
—Yes，that
might
______
why
he
didn't
do
well
in
the
test.
A．sum
up
B．add
up
to
C．account
for
D．make
sense
of
6)The
engine
of
the
ship
was
out
of
order
and
the
bad
weather
______
the
helplessness
of
the
people
at
sea.
A．resulted
from
B．turned
out
C．made
up
D．added
to
7)When
______
a
new
word，you'd
better
______
a
dictionary.
A．come
across；refer
to
B．coming
across；consult
C．coming
across；look
up
D．come
across；look
through
8)That
year
his
total
income，with
his
reward______，______
12
000
yuan.
A．added
to；added
up
to
B．added；added
to
C．added
up
to；added
D．adds
to；adds
up
to
9)It
is
reported
that
the
police
will
soon
______
the
case
of
the
two
missing
children.
A．look
upon
B．look
after
C．look
into
D．look
out
10)I
tried
phoning
her
office，but
I
couldn't
______.
A．get
along
B．get
on
C．get
to
D．get
through
11)We
tried
to
find
a
table
for
seven，but
they
were
all
______.
A．given
away
B．kept
away
C．taken
up
D．used
up
12)Would
you
please
______the
paper
for
me
and
see
if
there
are
any
obvious
mistakes
A．look
around
B．look
into
C．look
up
D．look
through
13)(2011·浙江卷)The
school
isn't
the
one
I
really
wanted
to
go
to，but
I
suppose
I'll
just
have
to
______
it.
A．make
the
best
of
B．get
away
from
C．keep
an
eye
on
D．catch
up
with
14)(2011·福建卷)Born
into
a
family
with
three
brothers，David
was
______
to
value
the
sense
of
sharing.
A．brought
up
B．turned
down
C．looked
after
D．held
back
15)(2011·山东卷)They
are
broadening
the
bridge
to
______
the
flow
of
traffic.
A．put
off
B．speed
up
C．turn
on
D．work
out
答案：一、1—c,2—a,3—d,4—b,5—e,6—f,7—h,8—g,9—j,10—i
二、1.fall
for 2.come
across 3.set
off 4.put
up 5.go
on 6.think
over 7.make
up 8.hear
of 9.in
the
distance 10.have
a
population
of
