Module
6 The
World's
Cultural
Heritage
重要词汇
重要词汇
相关提示
preserve
v.
保护；保存
掌握该词的意义并辨析preserve与protect
invest
v．投资
识记该词及其派生词investment
(n.
投资)
sharpen
v．使变锋利
注意sharpen是形容词sharp加动词词缀 en构成的
evolution
n．进化；演变
识记该词及其同根词evolve
(v.
使进化，发展)
exposure
n.
暴露；显露
识记该词及其同根词expose
(使暴露，陈列等)
contribute
v．促成
掌握该词的意义以及短语contribute
to
(促成，导致)的用法
recommend
v.
建议
注意recommend后面可接名词、v. ing和
(should＋)do从句
awareness
n.
意识；认识；感悟能力
识记该词及其同根词aware
(adj.
知道的，注意到的)和短语be
aware
of
(意识到，注意到)的用法
propose
v.
建议；提议
注意propose后面可接名词、v. ing和(should＋)do从句
request
n.
请求；要求
掌握request的名词和动词的用法以及request后面可接名词和(should＋)do从句
apart
from除……之外
注意辨析apart
from与except的区别
tangible
adj.
有形的；可触摸的
识记该词及其反义词intangible
delegate
n.
代表
注意辨析delegate与representative的区别
inhabitant
n.
居民
识记该词及其同根词inhabit
(v.
居住于，栖息)
bid
n.
投标；努力，争取
掌握该词的动词和名词意义
go
through
获准，经过程序
掌握go
through的多种含义
advocate
v.
主张，拥护
注意advocate的动词和名词意义
remind
sb.of
sth.使某人想起……
识记该短语以及remind后面可接宾语从句的用法；“提醒某人做某事”用remind
sb.to
do
sth.
at
the
mercy
of...受……支配
识记该短语
undertake
v.
许诺做某事；同意做某事
识记该词并掌握短语
undertake
to
do
sth.
absence
n.
缺乏；没有
掌握该词的词性、词义及其同根词absent(adj.缺席的；缺乏的；不在的)
in
return
反过来
掌握该短语的多种意义(反过来；作为回报)
guidance
n.
指导，引导，咨询
注意guidance构成的短语
under
sb's
guidance(在某人的指导下)的用法
ignore
v.
忽视；不理；不管
掌握该词意义并识记其派生词ignorance
(n.
无知；不知道)
honour
v.
给予荣誉
掌握honour的名词和动词的意义和用法；表示
“向……表示敬意，为庆祝……”
用in
honour
of
重点句型
1．It
has
not
only
given
us
important
information
about
prehistoric
Asian
societies，but
also
has
provided
amazing
evidence
about
the
process
of
evolution.
not
only
A
but
also
B
不但A，而且B；not
only...but
also...是一个并列连词词组
2．They
have
recommended
that
the
site
be
closed
and
repaired.
They
have
recommended
that...(should)do...他们已经提议/建议应该做……
3.
...there
is
a
strong
possibility
that
TCM
and
the
Mid Autumn
Festival
will
be
accepted.
There
is
a
strong
possibility
that...……的可能性很大。
4．The
idea
was
to
celebrate
the
lives
of
members
of
the
older
generation.
The
idea
was/is
to...其意图在于……
重点语法
学习和掌握特殊形式的虚拟语气和地点、条件、让步状语从句。
写作要求
学会写介绍地方的说明文。
Section
Ⅰ—Introduction，Reading
and
Vocabulary
一、重点单词
1．______
v．保护；保存
2．______
n．协议
3．______
n．遗迹；遗体
4．______
n．存在
5．______
v．使变锋利
6．______
n．暴露；显露
7．______
v．促成
8．______
v．保持；维持；保养
9．______
adj.濒危的
10．______
v．建议；推荐11．______
n．意识；认识；感悟；能力
12．______
n．建议；提议
13．______
adj.宝贵的；珍贵的；贵重的
14．______
n．请求；要求
二、重点短语(英汉配对)
1．contribute
to a．除……之外
2．agree
on
b．就……达成一致
3．apart
from
c．签署协议
4．of
vital
importance
d．促成；导致
5．sign
an
agreement
e．……的存在
6．the
existence
of...
f．至关重要
三、阅读课文并完成下列各题
1．In
1929，archaeologists
discovered______
of
a
prehistoric
human
at
Zhoukoudian.
A．a
complete
skull
B．three
teeth
C．four
teeth
D．clothes
2．Why
did
the
excavations
at
the
Beijing
Man
Site
stopped
in
1937
A．Because
there
was
nothing
underground.
B．Because
the
government
forbad
digging.
C．Because
Japan
invaded
China.
D．Because
the
fossils
had
been
dug
up.
3．Why
is
Zhoukoudian
in
serious
danger
today
A．Because
parts
of
the
cave
have
been
badly
affected
by
rain
and
exposure
to
the
air.
B．Because
nearby
cement
factories
have
polluted
it.
C．Because
some
areas
are
almost
completely
covered
in
weeds.
D．All
of
the
above.
4．If
nothing
is
done
to
repair
an
endangered
heritage，UNESCO
will______.
A．repair
it
B．close
it
C．remove
it
from
the
list
D．constantly
check
it
5．According
to
Dr
Zhu
Ming，______
can
get
involved
in
protecting
Zhoukoudian.
A．the
government
B．ordinary
people
C．foreign
countries
D．A
and
B
答案：一、1.preserve 2.agreement 3.remains 4.existence
5．sharpen 6.exposure 7.contribute 8.maintain 9.endangered 10.recommend 11.awareness 12.propose
13．precious 14.request
二、1—d 2—b 3—a 4—f 5—c 6—e
三、1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.D
1．In
1972，a
meeting
of
the
World
Heritage
Committee
agreed
on
a
list
of
places
in
the
world
which
had
outstanding
cultural
importance
or
unique
natural
beauty.
在1972年，世界遗产委员会召开大会对在世界上有着突出的文化重要性或独特的自然美景的名单达成一致意见。
考点：agree
on
就……达成一致
We
couldn't
agree
on
when
to
meet.
关于什么时候见面，我们未能取得一致意见。
拓展：1)由agree构成的常用短语：
(sb.)agree
with
sb./sb's
words/view/opinion/idea/what从句
同意某人/某人的话/观点/意见/看法/what从句
(sth.)agree
with
sth.与……一致
(sth.)agree
with
sb.某物适合某人
agree
to
sth.同意……(to为介词，后常接plan，suggestion，proposal，decision，agreement，arrangement等)
agree
to
do
sth.同意做某事(to为不定式符号)
2)agreement
n．同意，意见一致；协议
come
to/arrive
at/reach
an
agreement
达成协议
sign
an
agreement签署协议
—When
did
you
last
hear
______
Jay
—He
phoned
me
this
morning，and
we
agreed
______
a
time
and
place
to
meet.
A．of；to
B．about；with
C．from；with
D．from；on
2．It
is
famous
for
its
unique
classical
gardens
and
there
are
more
than
a
hundred
preserved
ancient
buildings
in
the
city.
苏州以其独特的古典园林以及市内保存的上百栋古代建筑而闻名。
考点：preserve
v．保护，保存
In
summer，large
crops
of
fruit
may
be
preserved
by
freezing
or
bottling.
夏天收获的大量水果可冷藏或装罐加以保存。
拓展：1)辨析preserve和protect：
I
tried
to
preserve
my
independence.
我试图保持自己的独立性。
These
gallant
soldiers
will
protect
our
country.
这些勇敢的士兵会保卫我们的国家的。
归纳：________强调保持原来的样子不变。
________强调保护以不受外界的破坏。
2)preserve
还可以用作名词，意思是“保护区”等。
No
hunting
is
allowed
in
the
preserve.
保护区内禁止打猎。
3)派生词：preserver
n．保护者；保存者
Destroyer
and
preserver：hear，hear!
破坏者兼保护者：听吧，你且聆听！
preservation
n.
保存，保护，贮藏
The
paintings
were
in
an
excellent
state
of
preservation.
这些画保存得非常好。
完成句子
1)我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。
We
have
taken
effective
measures______
______
our
natural
resources.
2)我们已经建立了许多自然保护区。
We
have
set
up
many______
______.
用protect或preserve填空
3)We
______
fish
in
salt.
4)These
rare
tigers
are______
by
special
laws.
5)Salt
and
spices
help
to
______
meat.
3．In
2003，the
city
invested
6
billion
yuan
to
preserve
the
character
of
the
old
town，mainly
to
divert
water
from
Taihu
Lake
and
Yangtze
River
to
supply
the
waterway
systems
of
the
old
town.2003年，该市引进60亿元资金保护这个古老城市的特色，主要是从太湖和长江调水为这座古城提供水路系统。
考点一：invest
v.
投资
A
bank
had
billions
of
dollars
in
clients'
trust
funds
to
invest.
银行吸引了几十亿美元的客户信托基金供投资之用。
Danish
Economic
Minister
Brian
Mikkelsen
said
he
hoped
more
Chinese
companies
would
invest
in
Denmark.
丹麦经济部长布赖恩·米克尔森说，他希望更多的中国公司到丹麦去投资。
拓展：派生词：investment
n.
投资
He
made
a
large
investment
in
the
business
enterprise.
他对那个企业做了大量投资。
考点二：divert
v.
使改道
They
diverted
the
river
while
they
were
building
the
dam.建坝时，他们使这条河流改了道。
完成句子
1)我要是投资肯定能获利吗？
Can
I
be
sure
of
a
profit
if
I
______？
2)因为外资的引进，该地区有望发生很大变化。
Great
changes
are
in
prospect
in
this
area
due
to
______
______.
3)他们使河流改道以便向城市供水。
They
______
the
river
to
supply
water
to
the
town.4．The
remains
were...three
teeth!
发现的遗留物是——三颗牙齿！
考点：remains
n．遗迹；遗体
The
remains
of
the
castle
can
still
be
seen
on
the
hill.
还可以看到山上残存的城堡的遗迹。
Her
mortal
remains
are
buried
in
the
churchyard.
她的遗体埋葬在教堂的墓地里。
拓展：Hearing
the
terrible
news，he
remained
seated/sitting
on
the
chair.
听到这一噩耗，他依然在椅子上坐着没动。
What
shall
we
do
for
the
remaining
half
an
hour
剩下的半小时我们该做些什么呢？
It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
she'll
be
fit
enough
to
play
in
the
finals.
她的身体状况是否适合参加决赛，要以后才知道。
归纳：remain
v．仍然是，保持不变；处于某种状态
remaining
adj.剩余的(常作前置定语，作后置定语用left)
It
remains
to
be
seen
whether/what/how等从句表示：以后才知道，尚不明确。
单项填空
1)Ladies
and
gentlemen，please
remain
______
until
the
plane
has
come
to
a
complete
stop.
A．seated
B．seating
C．to
seat
D．seat
2)______
a
certain
doubt
among
the
people
as
to
the
practical
value
of
the
project.
A．It
has
B．They
have
C．It
remains
D．There
remains5．These
discoveries
proved
the
existence
of
a
human
species
who
lived
in
the
area
between
700,000
and
200,000
years
ago.
这些发现证明：在大约二十到七十万年前就有人类生活在该地区。
考点：existence
n．存在
The
tests
confirm
the
existence
of
a
brain
tumor.
这些检测证实了脑瘤的存在。
This
is
the
only
copy
of
the
book
that
is
still
in
existence.
这是该书现存的孤本。
Sudan
came
into
existence
at
the
end
of
the
1800s.
苏丹国于19世纪末开始形成。
归纳：in
existence
现存的
come
into
existence
开始形成；存在
拓展：exist
v．存在；有
There
is
no
evidence
that
life
exists
on
other
planets.
没有证据表明其他行星上有生命存在。
完成句子
1)英语中没有这个词。
That
word
____________
in
English.
2)我们不相信有鬼。
We
don't
believe
in
______
ghosts.
6．It
has
not
only
given
us
important
information
about
prehistoric
Asian
societies，but
also
has
provided
amazing
evidence
about
the
process
of
evolution.
它不仅为我们提供了史前亚洲社会的重要信息，而且提供了人类进化历程惊人的证据。
考点：evolution
n．进化；演变
In
the
course
of
evolution，some
birds
have
lost
the
power
of
flight.
在进化的过程中一些鸟失去了飞行的能力。
International
trade
reflects
this
evolution.
国际贸易反映了这种演变。
拓展：同根词：evolve
v．使进化，发展Many
Victorians
were
shocked
by
the
notion
that
Man
had
evolved
from
lower
forms
of
life.
在维多利亚时代，许多人对于人是由低级生物进化而来的见解大为震惊。
The
simple
plan
evolved
into
a
complicated
scheme.
这个简单的计划发展成了一项复杂的规划。
完成句子
1)我们的政治制度正在不断发展中。
Our
political
institutions
are
______
______
______.
2)科学家们认为，鸟很可能是由爬行动物进化而来的。
Scientists
think
that
birds
probably
______
from
reptiles.
7．Parts
of
the
cave
have
been
badly
affected
by
rain
and
exposure
to
the
air.
部分山洞因受到雨水的侵蚀以及和空气接触，损坏严重。
考点：exposure
n.
暴露；显露
Black
lung，or
pneumoconiosis，is
a
chronic
occupational
disease
caused
by
prolonged
exposure
to
mine
dust.
黑肺(也叫肺尘病)是一种由于长期暴露在矿尘之中而引起的慢性职业病。
At
a
surface
exposure
the
host
rock
dips
steeply
to
the
east.
在一个露头处，含矿主岩向东陡倾。
拓展：同根词：expose
v．使暴露，揭穿
When
he
smiled
he
exposed
a
set
of
perfect
white
teeth.
他微笑时露出了一口好看的白牙。
I
am
going
to
expose
all
this
humbug.
我要揭露这一切骗人的鬼话。
完成句子
1)身体受烈日暴晒会造成伤害。
______
of
the
body
to
strong
sunlight
can
be
harmful.
2)他将彻底暴露他们的浅薄无能。
He
was
going
to
______
their
triviality
once
and
for
all.
8．Pollution
from
nearby
cement
factories
has
also
contributed
to
the
problem.
附近水泥厂产生的污染对此也难逃其咎。
考点：contribute
v.
促成
Drink
contributed
to
his
ruin.酗酒促使他毁灭。
The
fine
weather
contributed
to
the
success
of
the
voyage.
好天气促成了这次航行的成功。
归纳：____________
促成，导致
拓展：1)The
Song
Dynasty
contributed
three
great
inventions
to
world
civilization.
宋朝为世界文明奉献了三大发明。
He
contributed
an
article
to
China
Daily.
他向《中国日报》投了一篇稿。
We
should
contribute
food
and
clothing
to
the
earthquake
fund.
我们应该向地震基金捐赠食品和衣物。
归纳：contribute
sth.to...为……作贡献；投稿
contribute
sth.to
sb.向某人捐献某物
2)contribution
n．贡献，捐献，投稿
I'd
like
to
carry
on
the
astronomers'
spirit
of
perseverance
and
make
a
contribution
to
our
nation.
我愿发扬航天人吃苦耐劳的精神，为祖国作贡献。
归纳：make
a
contribution
to...对……作贡献
3)后面接介词to的常见短语：
look
forward
to盼望，期望；object
to反对；turn
to求助于，转向；refer
to提到，参考；come
to谈到，变成；devote
oneself
to专心致志于，献身于；be
up
to由……负责；be/get
used
to习惯于；stick
to坚持；lead
to导致，通向；get
down
to着手于，开始
用contribute的正确形式及搭配填空
1)Your
suggestion
has
greatly
______
the
accomplishment
of
our
work.
2)I
______/______
$100
to
the
Famine
Relief
Fund.
完成句子
3)吸烟致使他得了肺癌。
Smoking______
______
his
lung
cancer.
4)纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。
The
invention
of
paper
was
a
great
______
______
human
civilization.
9．They
have
recommended
that
the
site
be
closed
and
repaired.
该组织提议关闭这个遗址并进行维修。
考点：recommend
v.
建议
I
will
not
recommend
you
for
accelerated
promotion
at
this
point.
目前，我不会建议对你提前晋升。
I
recommended
meeting
him
first.
我建议先见见他。
Doctors
recommended
that
they
should
operate
on
her
at
once.
医生建议马上给她动手术。
I
wouldn't
recommend
you
to
go
there
alone.
我劝你不要孤身一人到那里去。
归纳：recommend后面可接名词、代词、v. ing和从句，recommend后接从句时，从句中常用______________的虚拟语气，且should可以省略。“建议某人做某事”用__________________________。
拓展：1)recommend
还有“推荐”的意思。
Can
you
recommend
to
me
a
good
dictionary
你能为我推荐一本好字典吗？
2)派生词：recommendation
n．推荐；建议
He
gave
her
the
job
on
her
uncle's
recommendation.
经她叔父推荐，他将这项工作交给了她。
The
child
was
taken
away
from
its
parents
on
the
recommendation
of
social
workers.
根据社会工作者的建议把那孩子从其父母身边带走了。
单项填空
1)He
said
he
would______
me
to
Mr
Li
as
his
assistance.
A．comment
B．suggest
C．command
D．recommend
2)The
doctor
recommended
that
you
______
swim
after
eating
a
large
meal.
A．wouldn't
B．couldn't
C．needn't
D．shouldn't
同义句转换(每空一词)
3)The
judge
made
recommendations
to
the
court.
The
judge______to
the
court.
10．This
is
a
very
serious
matter
and
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Sciences
is
trying
to
raise
public
awareness
about
it.
形势相当严峻，中国科学院正在努力唤醒国民的(保护)意识。
考点：awareness
n．意识；认识；感悟能力
The
mental
process
or
faculty
of
knowing
includes
aspects
such
as
awareness，perception，reasoning
and
judgment.
认识力思想过程或认识才能，包括如意识、知觉、推理和判断等方面。
There
is
a
general
awareness
that
smoking
is
harmful.
人们普遍认识到吸烟有害。
He
has
no
immediate
awareness
of
the
scope
of
the
crisis.
他对危机的范围没有直接的感悟能力。
拓展：aware
adj.
知道的，注意到的
He
made
believe
not
to
be
aware
of
my
presence.
他假装不知道我在场。
I
am
quite
aware
of
that.我完全知道那事。
I
am
well
aware
that
this
is
a
tough
job.
我深知这是一件棘手的工作。
Their
sudden
attack
made
us
more
aware
of
the
danger
around
us.
他们的突然攻击使我们更加注意到我们周围的危险。
归纳：________________意识到，注意到。be
aware
that后面跟从句，语意与上同。
完成句子
1)青春在我们不知不觉中逝去。
Youth
glided
past
without______
______.
2)她没有意识到做错了事。
She
was
not______
______
______
______
wrong.
11．A
professor
at
the
Academy
has
proposed
that
a
fund
be
established
to
raise
money.
中科院的一位教授提议设立基金会来募集资金。
考点：propose
v．建议；提议
The
government
proposed
changes
to
the
voting
system.
政府建议修改表决制度。
France
has
proposed
creating
a
repaid reaction
force
to
deal
with
the
crisis.
法国提议组建一支快速反应部队来应对危机。
They
proposed
that
the
book
(should)be
banned.
他们提议查禁这本书。
归纳：propose后面可以跟________、________形式和从句。
注意：与propose(建议；提议)有关的从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。即propose
that...(should)do...提议……；It
is/was
proposed
that＋(should)do...有人提议……
同义句转换
1)He
proposed
that
the
road
should
be
repaired
at
once.
→He
proposed______
the
road
at
once.
用所给词的适当形式填空
2)He
proposed
______
(build)a
bridge
across
the
river.
3)It
was
proposed
we
______(go)to
the
station
to
meet
our
guests.
12．a
request
for
help
from
ordinary
people
平民百姓请求帮助
考点：request
n.
请求；要求
Cuba
immediately
answered
the
aid
request
presented
by
the
Chilean
government，by
offering
a
temporary
hospital
and
a
medical
brigade
to
Chile
to
help
the
earthquake
victims
and
survivors
there.
古巴立即答应了智利政府的援助请求，同意提供一个临时医院和医疗队到智利帮助那儿的地震受害者和幸存者。
The
Indian
side
agreed
to
pay
a
total
of
2.3
billion
dollars
with
a
request
for
some
additional
equipment，and
the
Russian
side
agreed
to
it.
印度方面同意支付总额23亿美元，同时要求增加一些额外设备，俄罗斯方面表示接受。
拓展：request还可以用作动词，意思是“请求；要求”。
Workers
requested
a
raise
in
the
wage.
工人们要求提高工资。
He
requested
that
they
should
come
early.
他要求他们早来。
She
requested
Tom
to
go
with
her.
她要求汤姆和她一同去。
归纳：request作动词时后面可以跟名词和从句，request
后接从句时，从句中常用__________的虚拟语气，should可以省略。“要求某人做某事”用__________________。
同义句转换
Mr
Paine
made
a
request
that
I
should
help
him.
1)Mr
Paine______
______
I
should
help
him.
2)Mr
Paine______
______
______
help
him.
单项填空
3)This
is
his
only
request
that
the
room______
after
being
used.
A．be
cleaned
B．must
be
cleaned
C
is
cleaned
D．will
be
cleaned
13．Apart
from
providing
warmth，what
was
fire
used
for
除了提供温暖之外，火还用来做什么？
考点：apart
from除……外
Apart
from
English，we
study
Russian
and
Spanish.
除了英语以外，我们还学俄语及西班牙语。
拓展：辨析apart
from与except：
Apart
from
their
house
in
London，they
also
have
a
villa
in
Spain.
他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
Apart
from
a
couple
of
spelling
mistakes，your
essay
is
excellent.
除了几个拼写错误外，你的文章写得很好。
He
gets
up
early
every
day
except
Sunday.
除星期天外，他每天早起。
归纳：____________表示“除……外(还)……”“除了……外(都)”。
______指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分。
完成句子
1)除节食以外她还跟着电视做操。
______
______
a
diet，she
pursues
exercises
on
TV.
2)他除了抽烟太多之外，没有什么特别的毛病。
He
has
no
special
fault______
______
he
smokes
too
much.
答案：1．活学活用：D
2．考点：preserve protect
活学活用：1)to
preserve 2)natural
preserves 3)preserve
4)protected 5)preserve
3．活学活用：1)invest 2)foreign
investment 3)diverted
4．活学活用：1)A 2)D
5．活学活用：1)doesn't
exist 2)the
existence
of
6．活学活用：1)in
continuous
evolution 2)evolved
7．活学活用：1)Exposure 2)expose
8．考点：contribute
to
活学活用：1)contributed
to 2)made
a
contribution
of/contributed 3)contributed
to 4)contribution
to
9．考点：should＋动词原形 recommend
sb.to
do
sth.
活学活用：1)D 2)D 3)recommended
10．考点：be
aware
of
活学活用：1)our
awareness 2)aware
of
having
done
11．考点：名词 v． ing
活学活用：1)repairing 2)building 3)(should)go
12．考点：should＋动词原形 request
sb.to
do
sth.
活学活用：1)requested
that 2)requested
me
to 3)A
13．考点：apart
from except
活学活用：1)Apart
from 2)except
thatModule
6 The
World's
Cultural
Heritage
Section
Ⅱ—Grammar
一、用括号内的单词改写句子1．“The
government
should
do
something
to
save
the
endangered
animals！”
said
the
teacher.(demand)
________________________________________________________________________
2．“The
site
must
be
closed—it
is
badly
damaged！”
said
UNESCO.(insist)
________________________________________________________________________
3．“I
think
it
is
a
good
idea
that
the
general
public
get
involved，”
said
the
professor.(propose)
________________________________________________________________________
4．“Could
you
give
us
some
advice？”
asked
the
students.(request)________________________________________________________________________
5．“Why
don't
we
start
a
program
to
raise
money？”said
one
of
the
delegates.(suggest)
________________________________________________________________________
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Don't
go
out
tomorrow
if
it
______(rain)．2．I
don't
know
if
he
______(come)tomorrow.
3．The
doctor
suggests
______(drink)more
water.
4．I
suggested
that
we
______(go)swimming
tomorrow.
5．If
the
telephone
______(ring)，answer
it.
答案：一、1.The
teacher
demanded
that
the
government
(should)
do
something
to
save
the
endangered
animals.
2．UNESCO
insisted
that
the
site
(should)
be
closed
as
it
was
badly
damaged.
3．The
professor
proposed
that
the
general
public
(should)
get
involved.
4．The
students
requested
some
advice.
5．One
of
the
delegates
suggested
that
a
program
(should)
be
started
to
raise
money.
二、1.rains 2.will
come 3.drinking 4.(should)go 5.rings
特殊形式的虚拟语气(should)do
虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由“should＋动词原形”构成的that从句。
一、宾语从句的虚拟语气
助记：巧记宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词
一坚持→insist二命令→order，command
三建议→suggest，advise，recommend
四要求→require，request，demand，desire
The
officer
ordered
that
his
troops(should)move
on
to
the
front.
军官命令他的军队开往前线。
The
commander
commanded
that
we(should)attack
at
once.
司令员命令我们立即进攻。
The
driver
demanded
that
all
the
passengers(should)show
their
tickets
to
him.
司机要求所有的乘客向他出示车票。
点津：suggest
that...中的that从句并非总用虚拟语气；表示“建议做某事”，用虚拟语气；表示“表明，暗示……”，则不用虚拟语气。insist也是如此，表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气，其他则用虚拟语气。
Jane's
pale
face
suggested
that
she
was
ill，and
her
parents
suggested
that
she
(should)
have
a
medical
examination.
简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医学检查。
二、主语从句的虚拟语气
基本结构：
It
be/seems＋(表示愿望、建议、命令、要求等意义的)形容词/过去分词/名词＋that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形。
在本结构中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，从句中谓语动词的形式为should
do，should可以省略。1．It
is＋过去分词＋that...(should)do...
常见的此类过去分词有：
suggested，ordered，desired，proposed，recommended，requested，required，demanded等
2．It
is
important/necessary/natural/strange/a
pity/no
wonder
etc.＋that
sb.(should)do...
It
is
required
that
the
students
(should)
wear
school
uniforms
at
school.
要求学生在学校必须穿校服。
It
is
proposed
that
this
matter
(should)
be
considered
at
the
next
meeting.
据提议应该在下次会议上考虑这件事情。
三、表语从句的虚拟语气基本结构：
(表示提议、建议、命令、要求等的)名词＋be＋that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形
常见的此类名词有：
advice，demand，order，proposal，request，suggestion，requirement，recommendation等
My
suggestion
is
that
we
should
try
our
best
to
help
the
refugees
in
the
earthquakes.
我的建议是我们应尽力帮助地震受难者。
The
doctor's
advice
was
that
you
give
up
smoking.
医生建议你应该戒烟。
四、同位语从句的虚拟语气
基本结构：
(表示提议、建议、命令、要求的)名词＋that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形。
常见的此类名词有：
advice，demand，order，proposal，request，suggestion，requirement，recommendation等
What
do
you
think
of
the
suggestion
that
we
send
a
few
workers
to
help
other
groups
你认为我们应该派几个工人去帮助其他小组的建议如何？
地点、条件、让步状语从句
一、地点状语从句
常用引导词：where
特殊引导词：wherever(＝no
matter
where)，anywhere，everywhere
句型1：Where＋地点从句，＋主句。
where引导地点状语从句，意为
“在……的地方”。
Where
there
is
no
rain，farming
is
difficult
or
impossible.
在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本是不可能的。
Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.
有志者，事竟成。(谚语)
句型2：anywhere/wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。
anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相当于wherever，anywhere引导的从句，可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示
“在何处，无论何处”。例如：
Wherever
you
go，I
go
too.
无论你到什么地方，我都去。
wherever＝no
matter
where无论何处，多用于句首。
二、条件状语从句
常用引导词：if，unless
特殊引导词：as/so
long
as，only
if，providing/provided
that，supposing
that，in
case
that，on
condition
that等。
If
it
doesn't
rain
tomorrow，we
will
go
hiking.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。
I
will
go
to
the
party
unless
he
goes
there，too.
我会去参加聚会的，除非他也去。(如果他不去，我就不去)
点津：1)条件状语从句中一般不使用将来时态，而用一般现在时或现在完成时。
2)要注意条件状语从句中的省略情况。
状语从句的省略原则：如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致或是从句主语为it，从句中谓语动词含有be的形式，通常可把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(be)省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。
三、让步状语从句
常用引导词：though，although，even
if，even
though
特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，no
matter...，in
spite
of
the
fact
that，while，whatever，whoever，wherever，whenever，however，whichever等
1．though与although
当句中有though，although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是可和yet，still连用。
【误】Although
he
is
rich，but
he
is
not
happy.
【正】Although
he
is
rich，yet
he
is
not
happy.
虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐。
【正】Although
we
have
grown
up，our
parents
treat
us
as
children.
【正】Although
we
have
grown
up，our
parents
still
treat
us
as
children.
尽管我们已经长大了，可是我们的父母仍把我们当小孩子看。
点津：although不能像though那样用作副词，用作副词时，though＝however。
2．as，though引导的倒装句(although不能引导倒装句)
as引导的让步状语从句的倒装句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、名词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。though引导的让步状语从句可倒装，可不倒装。
点津：1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2)句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try
hard
as
he
does，he
never
seems
able
to
do
the
work
satisfactorily.
＝Though
he
tries
hard，he
never
seems
able
to
do
the
work
satisfactorily.
虽然他尽了力，但他的工作总做的不尽如人意。
Child
as/though
he
was，he
knew
what
was
the
right
thing
to
do.
＝Though/Although
he
was
a
child，he
knew
what
was
the
right
thing
to
do.
虽然他是个孩子，但他知道做什么是正确的。
3．even
if，even
though即使
We'll
make
a
trip
even
though
the
weather
is
bad.
即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。
4．whether...or
not不管……都
Whether
you
believe
it
or
not，it
is
true.
不管你信不信，这都是真的。
5．“no
matter＋疑问词”
或
“疑问词＋后缀 ever”
No
matter
what
happened，he
would
not
mind.
＝Whatever
happened，he
would
not
mind.
不论发生什么，他都不介意。
单项填空
1)______
your
blog，I
would
have
written
back
two
days
ago.
A．If
I
read
B．Should
I
read
C．Had
I
read
D．If
I
could
have
read
2)You
may
use
the
room
as
you
like______
you
clean
it
up
afterwards.
A．so
far
as
B．so
long
as
C．in
case
D．even
if
3)—The
experiment
is
of
particular
importance.
—I
see.We
won't
carry
on
with
it
______
we
can
get
the
good
equipment.
A．if
B．unless
C．whether
D．after
4)—You
are
experienced
in
running
a
factory.Would
you
like
to
accept
my
offer
—Sorry.______
I
like
the
basic
salary，I
cannot
accept
the
position.
A．While
B．As
C．Even
though
D．When
5)This
printer
is
of
good
quality.If
it
______
break
down
within
the
first
year，we
would
repair
it
at
our
expense.
A．would
B．should
C．could
D．might
6)But
for
the
help
of
my
English
teacher，I
______
the
first
prize
in
the
English
Writing
Competition.
A．would
not
win
B．would
not
have
won
C．would
win D．would
have
won
7)Some
of
you
may
have
finished
unit
one.______，you
can
go
on
to
unit
two.
A．If
you
may
B．If
you
do
C．If
not
D．If
so
8)(2011·福建卷)—Pity
you
missed
the
lecture
on
nuclear
pollution.
—I
______
it，but
I
was
busy
preparing
for
a
job
interview.
A．attended
B．have
attended
C．would
attend
D．would
have
attended
9)(2011·北京卷)—Where
are
the
children？The
dinner's
going
to
be
completely
ruined.
—I
wish
they
______
always
late.
A．weren't
B．hadn't
been
C．wouldn't
be
D．wouldn't
have
been
答案：1)C 2)B 3)B 4)A 5)B 6)B 7)D 8)D 9)AModule
6 The
World's
Cultural
Heritage
Section
Ⅲ—Integrating
skills
一、重点单词1．______ (n.)代表
2．______
(n.)投标；努力，争取
3．______
(v.)(使)增大；(使)扩大
4．______
(v.)主张，拥护
5．______
(n.)折中；妥协6．______
(v.)许诺做某事；同意做某事
7．______
(n.)缺乏；没有
8．______
(adj.)彻底的；全面的；详尽的
9．______
(n.)指导，引导，咨询
10．______
(v.)忽视；不理；不管二、重点短语
1．____________
return
反过来
2．go
____________
获准，经过程序
3．at
the
____________
of
受……支配
4．be
honoured
____________
因……而受到尊敬
5．remind
sb.
____________
sth.使某人想起
答案：一、1.delegate 2.bid 3.enlarge 4.advocate 5.compromise 6.undertake 7.absence 8.thorough 9.guidance 10.ignore
二、1.in 2.through 3.mercy 4.for 5.of
1．While
the
bid
is
going
through，the
state
government
allocates
funds
for
each
item's
protection.
在执行投标程序的同时，州政府拨出经费对每个项目进行保护。
考点一：bid
n．投标；努力，争取
A
bid
may
be
withdrawn
before
the
fall
of
the
hammer.
在锤子落下之前，投标可以收回。
He
made
a
bid
for
middle
class
support.
他争取得到中产阶级的支持。
The
company
is
making
a
bid
for
the
contract
to
build
the
bridge.
这家公司在争取签订建造这座桥的合同。
拓展：bid
还可以用作动词，意思是“出价，投标”。
He
bid
$1,000
for
the
painting
at
the
auction.
在拍卖时他给那幅画出价1,000美元。
考点二：go
through
获准，经过程序The
new
bill
did
not
go
through.
那项新法案未能通过。
Certain
formalities
have
to
be
gone
through
before
you
can
emigrate.
必须办理一定的手续方能移居他国。拓展：go
through还有
“用完；穿过；经历；仔细检查”
等意义。
The
boys
went
through
two
whole
loaves
of
bread.
这些男孩把整整两条面包吃得精光。
Go
through
the
ticket
checker
over
there.穿过那边的检票口。
The
country
has
gone
through
too
many
wars.
这个国家经历了太多的战争。
Take
your
camera
out，then，and
I'll
go
through
it.
那么把您的照相机拿出来吧，我来检查一下。
说出下列句子中go
through的含义
1)The
train
went
through
some
tunnels.
________________________________________________________________________
2)He's
amazingly
cheerful
considering
all
that
he's
gone
through.
________________________________________________________________________
3)I
went
through
the
papers
looking
for
Jane's
letter.
________________________________________________________________________
4)The
bill
has
gone
through.
________________________________________________________________________
2．If
TCM
is
accepted
on
the
UNESCO
list，doctors
and
practitioners
would
advocate
both
its
advantages
and
its
legal
status
abroad.
如果中医被载入联合国教科文组织列表中，医生及相关从业人员将主张把它的优点和法律地位推广到国外。
考点：advocate
v．主张，拥护
The
group
does
not
advocate
the
use
of
violence.
该团体不主张使用暴力。
Many
experts
advocate
rewarding
your
child
for
good
behaviour.
很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
The
report
advocated
that
all
buildings
be
fitted
with
smoke
detectors.
该报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。
归纳：advocate
sth./doing
sth.
advocate＋that clause(从句中用虚拟语气should
do的形式，should可以省略)
拓展：advocate
n．倡导者；拥护者
He
is
a
strong
advocate
of
the
new
method
of
teaching.
他是新教学法的积极倡导者。
He
is
an
advocate
of
cold
baths
in
the
morning.
他是早上洗冷水澡的拥护者。
完成句子
他主张再建一条铁路。
He______
______another
railway.
3．With
more
than
50
million
Chinese
living
and
working
overseas，the
Mid Autumn
Festival
reminds
them
of
their
Chinese
origins
and
would
help
to
unite
Chinese
people
all
over
the
world.
包括在海外生活和工作的5千多万中国人，中秋节勾起了他们对中华渊源的回忆并能团结全世界的中国人。
考点：remind
sb.of
sth.使某人想起某事/物
This
story
reminds
me
of
my
childhood.
这个故事使我想起了我的童年。
拓展：1)remind还有以下用法：
Please
remind
me
to
write
to
my
mother
tomorrow.
请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
Can
someone
remind
me
what
I
should
do
next
谁能告诉我下一步该做什么？
归纳：“提醒某人做某事”为____________________，remind
后面可以接宾语从句。
2)派生词：reminder
n．提醒物(人)；提示
完成句子
1)他使我想起了他的弟弟。
He
reminds
me______
______
______.
2)你应提醒他给我打电话。
You
should
remind
him______
______
______.4．UNESCO's
agenda
for
the
world's
tangible
and
intangible
heritage
is
also
to
act
as
a
warning
system
for
sites
which
are
at
the
mercy
of
redevelopment，pollution
or
even
the
effects
of
tourism，and
cultural
activities
which
are
in
danger.
联合国教科文组织对世界上的有形和无形文化遗产的议事日程也起到警示的作用，即警示那些因恢复经济发展、污染，甚至旅游副作用控制的景点以及面临灭绝的文化活动。
剖析：本句含有两个定语从句，一个是“which
are
at
the
mercy
of
redevelopment，pollution
or
even
the
effects
of
tourism”，其先行词是sites；另一个是“which
are
in
danger”，其先行词是activities。考点：mercy
n.
任凭……的摆布
In
the
open
boat
they
were
at
the
mercy
of
the
wind
and
waves.
在敞篷船里，他们任凭风吹浪打。
拓展：Workers
are
entirely
at
the
mercy
of
dishonest
employers.
工人们完全听任没有诚信的雇主的摆布。
The
courts
are
expected
to
show
them
mercy/mercy
to
them
in
these
situations.
期盼法庭在这些情况下对他们仁慈。
She
got
on
her
knees
and
asked/begged
for
mercy.
她双膝跪地乞求宽恕。
归纳：at
the
mercy
of...受……支配，任凭……摆布
show
sb.mercy/mercy
to
sb.对某人仁慈
ask/beg
for
mercy
乞求宽恕
完成句子
1)他们对人质丝毫不讲仁慈。
They
____________
to
the
hostages.
2)我们对天气毫无办法。
We
were
____________
the
weather.
5．UNECSCO
undertakes
to
take
sites
off
the
World
Heritage
list
if
their
present
state
is
threatened
by
an
absence
of
protection.
联合国教科文组织许诺会把那些没有受到良好保护的景点从世界遗产列表中去掉。
考点一：undertake
v.
许诺做某事；同意做某事
I
undertook
to
help
him
with
his
homework.我许诺帮他做功课。
To
join
the
club，you
have
to
urdertake
to
buy
at
least
six
books
a
year.
要加入该俱乐部，你必须承诺每年至少买6本书。
拓展：I
want
you
to
undertake
all
the
responsibility.
我要你承担所有的责任。
I
can
not
urdertake
that
you
will
make
a
profit.
我不能保证你会获利。
归纳：undertake还可意为“______”“______”。
考点二：absence
n.
缺乏，没有
We
are
in
the
absence
of
experience.我们缺乏经验。
The
absence
of
color
in
that
drawing
makes
it
dull.
那幅画因没有着色而显得晦暗。
拓展：
absent
adj.
缺席的；缺乏的；不在的
Three
members
of
the
class
were
absent
this
morning.
今天早晨该班有三人缺席。
Professor
Li
is
absent.I
will
take
the
lesson
in
the
place
of
him.
李教授不在，我替他上课。
完成句子
1)他答应五点钟到这里来。
He
______
______
be
here
at
five.
2)此项工作由委员会成员承担。
The
work
______
______
by
the
members
of
the
committee.
3)你缺席的真正原因是什么？
What
is
the
real
reason
for
______
______？
6．In
return，UNESCO
recognises
the
autonomy
of
provincial，federal
and
state
cultural
organisations，but
offers
support
and
guidance
when
requested.
反过来，联合国教科文组织认可各省、联邦政府及州文化组织的自治权，但是在接到请求时会提供支持和引导。
考点：in
return
反过来
I
asked
her
for
opinion，but
she
just
asked
me
a
question
in
return.
我征求她的意见，她却只是反问了我一句。
拓展：
1)in
return还有以下意义：
As
you
have
done
so
many
things
for
me，it
is
at
least
what
I
can
do
to
help
you
in
return.
因为你已经为我做了那么多事情，所以作为回报我至少可以做这些来帮你。
I
sent
him
a
present
in
return
for
his
help.
我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。
归纳：
in
return
还有“作为回报”的意义。表示“作为……的报酬/报答”用______________。
2)相近短语：in
turn依次，轮流，反之；相应地
He
asked
each
of
them
three
questions
in
turn.
他挨个儿问他们每人三个问题。
用in
return与in
turn填空
1)孩子们逐一自报姓名。
The
children
called
out
their
names
____________.
2)增加生产会相应地增加利润。
Increased
production
will，______，lead
to
increased
profits.
3)我能做些什么来回报你的好意呢？
What
can
I
do
______
for
your
kindness
7．“Older
people
are
easily
forgotten
or
ignored
in
a
country
like
the
USA，”
said
Robin
Rodar，one
of
the
organisers.
“在像美国这样的国家里，老年人很容易被遗忘或忽视，”组织者之一罗宾·罗达说。
考点：ignore
v．忽视；不理；不管
If
you
ignore
your
diet，trouble
will
follow.
如果你忽视自己的饮食，必然会遇到麻烦。
She
ignored
him
and
carried
on
with
her
work.
她没理他，继续干她的活。
拓展：
辨析ignore和overlook：
ignore
指故意地不理睬某人、某物。
overlook
常指由于匆忙或没注意到而忽视。
完成句子
1)他无视所有
“禁止吸烟”
的警示，点了支香烟。
He
______
all
the
“No
Smoking”
signs
and
lit
up
a
cigarette.
2)你遗漏了你前雇主的名字。
You
______
the
name
of
your
previous
employer.
8．Twice
a
year，in
spring
and
autumn，the
program
honours
three
older
New
Mexicans.
一年两次，分别在春季和秋季，该计划授予三位老年墨西哥州人荣誉。
考点：honour
v.
给予荣誉
She
will
be
honoured
for
her
work
in
promoting
friendship
between
the
two
countries.
她将因在促进两国之间的友谊方面所做的工作而受到表彰。
拓展：
honour
n．尊敬；荣誉；信誉；光荣的事或人
He
won
honour
for
his
bravery.
他因勇敢而赢得人们的尊敬。
We
regard
labour
as
a
matter
of
honour.
我们认为劳动是光荣的事。
We
celebrate
Mother's
Day
in
honour
of
our
mothers.
我们庆祝母亲节，向母亲表示感谢和敬意。
归纳：
表示
“向……表示敬意，为……庆祝”，用“____________________”。
完成句子
1)他因出演《亚瑟王》而获奖，去年谢世，享年96岁。
He
______
______
______
Arthur
and
died
last
year
aged
96.
2)在浙江舟山港举行了欢迎仪式，庆祝“中山舰”和“徐州舰”回到舟山港。
A
welcoming
ceremony
was
held
______
______
______
“Zhoushan”
and
“Xuzhou”
warships
upon
their
return
to
their
home
port
in
Zhoushan，Zhejiang
Province.
答案：1．活学活用：1)通过 2)经历，遭受 3)仔细检查 4)被通过，获准
2．活学活用：advocated
building
3．考点：remind
sb.to
do
sth.
活学活用：1)of
his
brother 2)to
call/ring
me
4．活学活用：1)showed
no
mercy 2)at
the
mercy
of
5．考点一：承担 保证
活学活用：1)undertook
to 2)was
undertaken 3)your
absence
6．考点：in
return
for
活学活用：1)in
turn 2)in
turn 3)in
return
7．活学活用：1)ignored 2)overlooked
8．考点：in
honour
of
活学活用：1)was
honoured
for 2)in
honour
of
