课件40张PPT。The discovery included six complete skulls of Peking Man,12 skull fragments,15 mandibles(下颌骨)，157 teeth and some sections of broken femurs(大腿骨)，shinbones(胫骨)，and upper arm bones belonging to more than 40 individuals of different ages and sexes.In addition 100,000 fragments of stone tools were found together with sites used for fire and burnt bones and stones.Peking Man created a unique Old Stone Culture which had much influence to the Old Stone Culture of North China.Stone tools are the principal relics of this remote culture.Also discovered in Zhoukoudian are stone points，a new production tool then，and bone articles made and used by Peking Man.Found in the caves were such tools as the larger end of an antler(鹿角，茸角) that had been used as a hammer and the sharp end of an antler used as a digging tool.The use of fire was a milestone of the development of civilization and the discovery of Peking Man has pushed back the time that man first used it by tens of thousands of years.The largest ash pile discovered in the caves is six metres thick.Fire allowed people to eat cooked food instead of raw food and promoted the development of the brain and improved health.With his rough tools and simple living conditions，Peking Man created a unique and very ancient culture.教师用书独具演示●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。●教学地位
本单元的主题是考古学，涉及到历史和人类学，语言知识和语言技能都是围绕这一主题设计的。具体涉及“周口店遗址的北京猿人”、“早期人类生活方式”、“如何判断遗址年份”、“秦始皇兵马俑”和“埃及金字塔”等，帮助学生增长考古学知识，更好地了解早期人类的生活方式和人类文明的发展进程。 ●新课导入建议
根据教材P37“读前”(pre-reading)呈现的北京猿人的头盖骨图片，让学生通过谈论我们今天使用的生活用品及生活方式猜测几十万年前北京猿人可能使用的生活用品和生活方式，将学生的思维引入“史前人类生活”，为下文阅读做好铺垫。演示结束 Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P38－39Reading部分，然后完成下列表格【答案】 1.the Zhoukoudian caves 2.other objects
3．keep warm 4.Layers of ash 5.wild animals 6.Needles 7.sharpened 8.smaller scrapers 9.made it soft 10.seashellsⅡ.语篇理解
阅读P38－39Reading部分，选择最佳答案
1．The main idea of the text is about the ________ of the earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves.
A．life and habits
B．food and clothing
C．homes and fishing2．The primitive necklace found in the cave shows that ________.
A．our ancestors made ornaments and sold them for money
B．our ancestors valued necklaces more than other ornaments
C．the earliest people had already cared about their appearance3．We can infer from the passage that people living in the Zhoukoudian caves ________.
A．didn't live mainly on crops
B．didn't know how to trade with others
C．burnt what they could find outside the caves
4．From “but others are made of shells”，we can infer that________.
A．the sea was not far away at that time
B．the shells could be sold and bought
C．they could make necklaces by machines5．Which of the following is the correct order about how early people made clothes?
a．clean the fat and meat from the skin
b．cut up the animals
c．rub salt inside the skin
d．remove the skin
e．sew the pieces together
A．b，d，c，a，e
B．b，d，a，c，e
C．b，a，d，c，e
【答案】 1－5 A C A B BⅢ.课文缩写
A group of students from England，who are interested in 1.________，have come to Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archeologist gives them a brief introduction to the life and habits of the earliest people in Zhoukoudian：
Early people lived in caves and they made 2.________ in the centre of caves to keep them 3.________，cook the food and 4.________ their enemies away，such as tigers and bears.Early people made their own clothes from animal 5.________.They used sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skins.Smaller scrapers were used to 6.________ the fat and meat from the skin.Finally they would use needles made of animal bones to 7.________ the pieces together.Early people also paid attention to their 8.________ and wore necklaces.Some of the necklace beads were made of animal bones but some were made of shells，which told us that all the fields around Zhoukoudian caves used to be part of a large 9.________ lake.Early people didn't grow their own crops，but picked fruit when it was 10.________ and hunted animals for food.
【答案】 1.archeology 2.fires 3.warm 4.scare
5．skins 6.remove 7.sew 8.appearance 9.shallow 10.ripeⅡ.短语填空
show around；be aware of；regardless of；at most；compare...with...；cut up；keep out；come to a conclusion；differ from
1. To save the drowning child，the boy plunged into the icy water without hesitation，________________ his own safety.
2. It will take two hours ______________ to get there，so you needn't be too worried. 3. Though most smokers ______________ the dangers of smoking，they won't give up.
4. ______________ the meat before you put them into the pot.
5．One of your classmates will ________ you ________ the campus this afternoon.
【答案】 1.regardless of 2.at most 3.are aware of
4．Cut up 5.show；aroundⅢ.句型背诵
1. It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.
很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学生。
2．We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires.
我们发现在洞穴的中央有生火用的火炉。3．...as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
……正如植物学的分析结果告诉我们的，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。
4．That's why they are called hunters and gatherers.
这就是他们被称之为是猎人和采摘者的缘故。
5．They couldn't have mats，blankets or quilts like we do.It must have been very uncomfortable.
他们不可能像我们一样有席子、毛毯或棉被。那肯定很不舒服。课件64张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写一些关于描述考古发现或某个遗迹的短文，并培养学生养成自觉用英语写作的好习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起着至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。 ●新课导入建议
We all know that China is a country with a lot of ancient cultural relics. We can learn our ancestors' life and living conditions through these relics. Now I want to ask xxx to say something about a relic he/she is familiar with. (老师让xxx同学谈谈他/她所熟悉的某个遗址。)演示结束 1. alternative n．可能的选择adj.供选择的，其他的
Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(教材P37)
你能想出今天我们使用的替代品吗？
I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.
我提议这次要么到山区要么到海边度假。have the alternative of doing sth.
有做……的选择；可以做……
have no alternative/choice but to do sth.
别无选择只好做……If you don't like the school lunch，you have the alternative of bringing your own.
要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐，你可以自己带饭。
I had no alternative but to accept the offer.
我除了接受该项提议之外，别无选择。alternative/choice/selection单项填空
④(2013·天水高二质检)In this school，the students have three courses and seven courses.
A．required；alternative
B．requiring；alternative
C．require；alternate
D．require；alternative
【解析】 句意：在这所学校里，学生有三门必修课，七门选修课。空处分别为过去分词和形容词作宾语修饰courses。
【答案】 Astarve vt.& vi.(使)饿死；渴望
starve...to death 使……饿死
starve to death 饿死
starve for sth.渴求/需要什么
starve to do sth.想要干某事
starve sb.into sth./into doing sth.
断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事The explorers starved to death in the desert.
探险者们在沙漠中饿死了。
They starved their enemies into giving in.
他们断绝敌人的食物来源迫使他们屈服。3. It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.(教材P38)很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学生。
这是一个复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students；主句部分It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，是一个以it作形式主语的句子，真正的主语是to meet you students from England。
It is very important for us to learn English well.
对我们来说学好英语非常重要。it作形式主语的句型有：
It＋be＋n./adj.＋v.?ing结构
It＋be＋n./adj.＋(for sb.)to do sth.
It＋be＋n./adj.＋of sb.to do sth.
It＋be＋n./adj.＋that...It is no use crying.哭是没有用处的。
It is not easy for a person to do good things all his/her life.一个人一辈子做好事是不容易的。
It was foolish of her to waste money on such clothes.
她真蠢，把钱花在买这些衣服上。
【提示】 在此句型中表示赞扬或批评的形容词是wise，clever，stupid，foolish，kind，nice，good，rude，cruel等时，介词of不能换成for。此句型也可以转换成sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.。
She was foolish to waste money on such clothes.
她很愚蠢花钱买这种衣服。4．interrupt v．打断；中断；插嘴
I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？(教材P38)对不起，打断了你(的讲话)，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？
Don't interrupt the speaker；ask questions afterwards.
不要打断演说者，等他讲完后再问问题。①interruption n．中断；阻断物
without interruption 不间断地
②interruptive adj.阻碍的；打扰的
The birth of her son was a minor interruption to her career.她儿子的出生对她的事业造成一个小小的中断。
I managed to work for two hours without interruption.我总算连续工作了两个小时。interrupt/disturb单项填空
③If you keep with silly questions，I shall go out of my senses.
A．interrupt B．interrupting
C．interrupted D．to interrupt
【解析】 keep doing意为“总是做……”；go/be out of senses意为“发疯；失去理智”。
【答案】 B5．So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.(教材P38)
因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
(1)assume v．假定；假想；以为；假装；装作；担任；承担
I had assumed him to be a Belgian.
我本以为他是比利时人。
Don't always assume the worst.别总往最坏处想。①assume sb./sth.to be...假定/假设某人/某事为……
It is assumed that...……被认为……
②assumption n．假定；设想
make an assumption认为，假定
on the assumption that...假定……
③assuming that假设/假定
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为压力来自于过多的工作。assume/guess/imagine(2)regardless of不管；不顾
They rebuilt the house regardless of cost.
他们不惜成本重建了那所房子。
He went to the rescue of a drowning child regardless of his personal safety.
他把个人安危置之度外去救一个溺水儿童。regardless of/despite/in spite ofDespite the fact that the doctor told him to rest，Jack went to Spain.
尽管医生嘱咐他休息，但杰克还是去了西班牙。
In spite of all his efforts，he failed in his English exam.
尽管他付出了极大努力，他的英语考试还是不及格。
【提示】 regardless，despite，in spite of后不能直接跟从句，但可以接the fact that...。6．We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires.(教材P38)
我们发现在洞穴的中央有生火用的火炉。
(1)这是一个复合句。we've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves是主句部分，where引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the caves，并在定语从句中作状语。
(2)where引导定语从句，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词一般是表示地点的名词，相当于介词＋which。
Is there a shop around where(in which) we can get fruit？附近有我们能买到水果的商店吗？【提示】 where在从句中只能充当状语，如果不是作状语，就要换用that或which。
This is the factory where his father worked last year.
这是去年他父亲工作的那家工厂。
This is the factory (which/that) we visited yesterday.
这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。【对接高考】
(2013·北京高考)Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.
A．when B．which
C．whose D．where【解析】 题干的意思是：眼下，许多国家正在建立一些国家公园，动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。分析结构可知，此处是考查定语从句的引导词，先行词为national parks，定语从句中缺少地点状语，要用where来引导，相当于in which。关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语；which在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whose只作定语，三者均不符合语境，故正确答案为D项。解答这类题目首先要找准先行词，然后根据定语从句所缺的成分来确定选项。
【答案】 D7．It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.(教材P38)
看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮。
(1)sharpen vi.& vt.使尖锐；使急剧；变尖锐，变急剧
The walk has sharpened my appetite.
散步增加了我的食欲。sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；敏锐的；尖刻的
sharpener n．磨具；削具
sharpen sth. up使达到标准；使符合质量要求
Be careful with that knife—it's very sharp.
当心那把刀子——它很锋利。
He decided to come here at two o'clock sharp.
他决定两点整来这儿。
【教师备课资源】
-en是后缀，en-是前缀。
有些名词、形容词前或后加上该词辍后可构成动词，表示“变为”、“使有”、“变得”、“变得有”，如：hearten，strengthen，darken，harden，weaken，ripen，soften，enrich，enlarge等。一些物质名词之后加上该词缀后可构成形容词，表示“由……制作的”，如：wooden，woolen，golden。④A pencil (sharp) is a device that can be used to (sharp) a pencil.
【答案】 ①darken ②strengthened；weakened
③golden；gold ④sharpener；sharpen(2)cut up切碎；剪碎；用刀等把某物切成小块；摧毁，粉碎；使伤心；使悲痛
He has to have his food cut up for him.
他得让人替他把食物切碎。
Our army cut up the enemy's forces.
我们的军队摧毁了敌人的武装部队。
He was badly cut up by the news of his son's death.
得知儿子的死讯，他极为悲伤。cut across 抄近路；径直穿过
cut away切掉；剪掉
cut down 砍倒；杀死；消减，缩短
cut in 插嘴；突然插入
cut into halves/pieces切成两半/碎块
cut out切掉；删掉
cut through 将……凿穿；抄近道
cut off 切掉；砍掉；从……上截下I wish Jane would stop cutting in on our conversation.
我希望简不要打断我们的谈话。
One of his fingers was cut off in the accident.
在那场事故中，他的一个手指被切掉了。
They decided to cut through the forest.
他们决定抄近路穿过森林。⑨They cut all the dead branches from the tree.
⑩I usually cut the park on my way home.
【答案】 ⑤off ⑥up ⑦in ⑧down ⑨away ⑩across8．ample adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的；大的；宽敞的
After that they would rub an ample amount of salt onto the skin...(教材P38)
然后，他们可能在兽皮上边擦上大量的盐……
We have ample money for the journey.
我们用于度假的钱很充裕。
We have ample supply of water.
我们的水供应很充足。9．...as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.(教材P39)
……正如植物学分析结果所显示的那样，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。
句中as引导的是非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指后面句子的内容。
The Pacific is the largest ocean，as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道。(正如我们所知道的，太平洋是最大的洋。)as/whichAs we expected，we won the game.
我们赢了，这一点在我们预料之中。(正如我们预料的一样，我们赢了。)
As is known to all，he is the best student in our class.
众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。(正如我们所知道的一样，他是我们班上最好的学生。)
Tom suddenly fell ill，which made us sad.
汤姆突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。
He has to work on Sunday，which he doesn't like.
他周日还得上班，这是他不喜欢的。【对接高考】
(2013·山东高考)There is no simple answer， is often the case in science.
A．as B．that
C．when D．where【解析】 句意：没有简单的答案，在科学上情况通常是这样。因句中有逗号，其后面的句子中无连词引导，可判断是定语从句。本句的先行词是空格前的整个句子，有此用法的是 as。as在句中意为“正如，正像”。“as is often the case”常被看作是一个固定搭配，意为“情况通常是这样”，符合句意。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，when的先行词在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，where的先行词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故B、C、D三项都不符合句意，应被排除。
【答案】 A课件57张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对语法的复习让学生能够理解并能够运用本单元的语法知识：现在完成进行时 。●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。 ●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。演示结束 1．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
His university was aware of the significance of his work.(教材P40)
他所在的大学知道到他的工作的重要性。The significance for college students of doing a part?time job means more than money.
大学生打工的意义不仅在于钱。
The factory set up the year before is of great significance to this area's economy.前年建起的这个工厂对这个地区的经济有着重大的意义。①the significance of...……的重要性/含义
be of (great) significance 有(重大)意义/(非常)重要
be of no significance 无意义/不重要
be of little significance 不太重要
②significant adj.重大的；重要的；显著的
③significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地；明显地；
有某种意义It is significant that girls generally do better in examinations than boys.
很明显，女生的考试成绩一般比男生的好。
Significantly，he did not deny that there might be an election.值得注意的是，他没有否认可能举行选举。
【教师备课资源】
of＋抽象名词相当于抽象名词对应的形容词，即：be of significance＝be significant，如：
be of importance＝be important
be of use＝be useful
be of value＝be valuable完成句子
④ (有什么意义) of the speech?
⑤The new drug (意义重大) for the treatment of the disease.
⑥It's a decision (具有重大政治意义)．
【答案】 ④What's the significance ⑤has great significance/is of great significance ⑥of great political significance2. somehow adv.不知怎么地；以某种方式
Somehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr.Black...(教材P40)
不知怎么地，他骑车30英里去了布莱克医生家……
Somehow，I don't feel I can trust him.
不知什么原因，我觉得我不能信任他。
We'll get there somehow.我们得设法到那里。
【提示】 副词somehow可置于句首、句中或句末。置于句首及句末时，也可与主句之间用逗号隔开。someway＝somehow以某种方式；不知怎么地
somewhat adv.稍微；有点儿
anyhow＝anyway无论如何；尽管，即使这样The water was very cold but I took a shower anyway.
水很冷，不过我还是洗了个淋浴。
Anyhow I must finish this job today.
我今天无论如何要完成这项工作。
This book is somewhat difficult for me.
这本书对我而言稍微困难些。feed back反应；反馈
feed sb./sth.on sth.用……喂养……
feed sth.to sb./sth.喂……给……
feed on sth.(动物)以……为食，靠……活
live on sth.(人)以……为主食；靠……生活The girl fed her dog on fish most of the time.
这个姑娘常常用鱼喂她的狗。
Cattle feed chiefly on grass.牛主要以草为食。
【教师备课资源】
表示“对……厌倦”的短语有：
be tired of
be bored with完成句子
④我对站在这么长的队伍中感到厌烦。
I in such a long line.
⑤我对你的说辞已经听厌了。
I your story.
【答案】 ④am fed up with standing ⑤am fed up with观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会动词的时态的含义与用法。
①We've been excavating here for many years and....
②We have found human and animal bones in those caves...③We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires.
④We've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves，...
⑤Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，...[自我总结]
以上句子中画线部分的时态分别为②、③、⑤句中为 ，①、④句中为 。 由have/has＋been＋动词的 构成，表示由过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，动作可能刚刚结束，也可能继续进行下去。
【答案】 现在完成时；现在完成进行时；现在完成进行时；现在分词动词的时态
1．表示现阶段经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，用一般现在时，常与always，usually，often，sometimes，every week(day，year，month...)，once a week，on Sundays等表示频度的副词或词组连用。此外，表示客观真理、科学事实及格言等方面的情况，也要使用一般现在时。Why are you always so mean?
你为什么总是这么小气？(经常性情况)
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。(格言)
2．表示某个动作或某个时间之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用完成时态。现在之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用现在完成时；过去某个动作或时间之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用过去完成时；将来某个动作或时间之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用将来完成时。完成时常与“by＋时间点”(如by the end of this month)、“for＋时间段”(如for two years)或“since＋时间点”(如since 2005)等时间状语连用。Have you seen her lately?
你最近见到过她吗？(现在完成时)
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus came.当公共汽车来的时候，我已在车站等了20分钟。(过去完成时)
He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。(将来完成时)【提示】
①arrive，go，finish，join等终止性动词用于完成时态时，不可与表示时间段的状语连用，否则要改变句型或更换动词。
译：他们到达这里多久了？
[误]How long have they arrived here?
[正]How long have they been here?
[正]How long ago did they arrive here?
[正]How long is it/has it been since they arrived here?②hardly...when，scarcely...before，no sooner...than均表示“一……就”，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。
We had hardly started when the car got a flat tyre.
我们恰巧刚开动，车子的轮胎就漏气了。3．表示某个时候正在发生的动作，用进行时态，常与相应的时间状语连用。现在正在发生的情况，用现在进行时；过去某个时候正在发生的情况，用过去进行时；将来某个时候正在发生的情况，用将来进行时。
Who is swimming in the lake?
谁正在湖里游泳？(现在进行时)
He was reading when I came in.
我进来时他正在看书。(进去进行时)
This time next week we shall be working in that factory.下个星期的这个时候，我们将在那个工厂工作。(将来进行时)4．现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，其动作可能仍将继续延续下去，强调已发生的动作正在进行，或表示动作的反复；过去完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去某一时间，并继续进行的动作。
My mother has been teaching English for twenty years.
二十年来我的母亲一直在教英语。(现在完成进行时)
He had been writing the letter till two o'clock.
他写那封信一直写到两点。(过去完成进行时)5．现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较。
(1)现在完成进行时和现在完成时都可以表示动作的持续，二者有时可以互换。但现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果；现在完成进行时则强调动作的延续性。
They have been living in Beijing for ten years.
他们一直住在北京十年了。
They have lived in Beijing for ten years.
他们住在北京已经十年了。(2)现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。
Have you been meeting him recently?
你最近一直见他吗？
Have you met him recently？你最近见过他吗？
(3)现在完成进行时有时含有感彩，而现在完成时一般不含有感彩。
What has Tom been doing?
汤姆一直都在做什么？(表示惊异)
What has Tom done？汤姆做什么了？【提示】 有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时：
状态动词be，have，exist；
情感动词like，love，hate，detest；
感觉动词see，hear，know，feel，sound；
短暂动作的动词finish，marry，get up，come，go等。They have finished the work.
他们已完成了这份工作。
I haven't seen her for a long time.
我有很长时间没有见到她了。
The foreign expert has been in China since 1990.
自从1990年开始，这个外国专家就一直待在中国。
They have been married for 20 years.
他们结婚已经20年了。 Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2013·济南高二检测)I'm really this weather－why can't it be sunny for a change?
A．caught up with B．come up with
C．fed up with D．put up with【解析】 句意：我真的受够了这种天气——为什么不改变一下，出出太阳？be fed up with“厌倦，厌烦”，符合句意。catch up with“追上，赶上”；come up with“想出”；put up with“忍受”。这三个短语应用主动语态。
【答案】 C2．This discovery of oil is of great to this area's economy.
A．significance B．accuracy
C．satisfaction D．assumption
【解析】 句意：石油的发现对于这一地区的经济发展有着重要意义。be of great significance“有重要意义的”。accuracy“精确”；satisfaction“满足，满意”；assumption“假设”。
【答案】 A3．I was overjoyed to pass the oral English test ，though I was not good at it.
A．as a result B．though
C．anyway D．somehow
【解析】 句意：我非常高兴不知怎么地我竟然通过了英语口语考试，尽管我并不擅长英语口语。somehow“以某种方式；不知怎么地”。
【答案】 D4．—Jim，why are you so happy today?
—I've finally got the toy car I .
A．have been expected B．have been expecting
C．expected D．expects
【解析】 根据上下文语境，可知Jim在过去这段时间里一直盼望着得到一个玩具汽车，用现在完成进行时，故选B。
【答案】 B6．(2013·上饶高二检测)—Remember the first time we met?
—Sure.You in the supermarket.
A．had shopped B．have shopped
C．were shopping D．shopped
【解析】 考查过去进行时的用法。这里指的是过去某个时间，就是我们第一次见面的时候正在做的动作，所以用过去进行时。
【答案】 C7．Even though he for the competition for several months，he is still not sure about it.
A．is preparing
B．prepared
C．had been preparing
D．has been preparing
【解析】 考查动词时态。句意：尽管他数月来一直为竞赛做准备，但他仍感觉无把握。选D。
【答案】 D【解析】 根据句意可知，自从前年她来烟台居住以来，一直生活在那里，此处强调动作的持续性。
【答案】 D9．—I had got a backache.
—No wonder.You in front of the computer too long.
A．sit B．are sitting
C．have been sitting D．sat
【解析】 句意：——我头痛。——不奇怪，你在电脑前坐的时间太长了。选C。
【答案】 C10．It is said that the flood of the city by two meters.
A．has fallen B．had fallen
C．is falling D．was falling
【解析】 句意：据说这座城市的洪水已下降了两米。此处强调动作的结果。
【答案】 AⅡ.完成句子(用现在完成时及现在完成进行时)
1.—My neck is aching.
—No wonder.You (玩) computer games for four hours.
2．The couple (一直考虑) Australia for a long time，but they (没决定) yet.
3．They (一直讨论这个问题) without interruption for about two hours.4．They (已修)the car for almost one week；now they can have a rest.
5．He (刚刚完成) his paper，and gone out for pleasure.
6．The Chinese government (已经采取了) several measures to overcome difficulties brought by the American crisis financial.
7．Over the past ten years，the sea level (在上升) as a result of global warming.8．Excuse me，Mary，a man named Tom (一直打电话) all day.Would you like to talk to him?
【答案】 1.have been playing
2.have been considering；haven‘t decided
3.have been discussing the problem
4．have repaired 5.has just finished 6.has taken
7．has been rising 8.has been calling
课件85张PPT。教师用书独具演示●教学目标
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)理解课文。(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(4)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，发表自己的看法并给出学生认为合理的建议。
(5)掌握描述考古发现的写作方法。
●教学地位
本课时的内容是描述一个考古发现或遗迹。是一种使用广泛的说明文的写作手法，在高考中占有一定的地位。 ●新课导入建议
现代人经常有各种各样的聚会，你知道早期的人类是怎样聚会的吗？那么我们就通过对本文的学习，了解一些情况吧。 演示结束 Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P43课文，判断正误
1．The main idea of the passage is the differences between early life and modern life.( )
2．Because she feared her husband would get angry for her delay，Lala accelerated (加速) her walk.( )
3．According to the passage，we know what Dahu usually did was collecting fruit.( )
【答案】 1－3 T F F Ⅱ. 语篇理解
阅读P43课文，选择最佳答案
1. What's the best TITLE of the text?
A．The marriage of Lala and Dahu
B．The collection of foods
C．The preparations for the feast
2．According to the text，which job was often done by Lala?
A．Collecting fruit.
B．Killing animals.
C．Sharpening scrapers.3．Lala's guests came to .
A．dance
B．talk about an important thing
C．enjoy a feast
4．Dahu went out to sharpen the scrapers to .
A．kill an enemy
B．use them as weapons
C．cut up the meat5．From the text we can infer that family groups
A．lived together
B．lived far away
C．lived separately
【答案】 1－5 C A C C C1．If only it could be just like last year！(教材P43)
要是能像去年那样就好了！
if only要是……就好了，引导感叹句或状语从句，动词用虚拟语气，表示愿望或未实现的条件。
I am sorry I have failed in the exam.If only I had worked harder!
太遗憾了，我考试没及格。要是更用功就好了！
If only my mother were here with me now!
要是母亲现在和我在一起就好了！if only/only ifIf only she would pass the examination!
但愿她考试能及格！
Only if you study hard can you pass the examination.
你只有努力学习，才能通过考试。【解析】 考查if only的用法。if only“要是……就好了”，由时间状语yesterday来看，这是对过去所发生事情的虚拟，所以用过去完成时。
【答案】 D2．applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
She had felt so proud as the group shouted loudly to applaud his choice.(教材P43)当族人为他的选择欢呼鼓掌的时候，她(拉拉)觉得非常自豪。
He started to applaud and the others joined in.
他开始鼓掌，其他人也跟着鼓起掌来。①applaud sb./sth.(for sth.)(因某事)赞赏某人/某事
②applause n．鼓掌；喝彩；夸奖；赞扬
win the applause of...赢得……的掌声
All of us applaud you for your decision.
我们都赞成你的决定。
Give her a big round of applause！为她热烈鼓掌！look around/round 仔细查看；寻找
look after 照料，照顾；关心；注意
look back 回顾；回想
look down upon/on歧视；看不起
look forward to希望；盼望
look on sb.as把某人看做(或当做)look into调查，审查
look out当心；注意
look through浏览；仔细看
look up好转，有起色；向上看；查找
look up and down 上下打量
Usually the little kids are looking forward to the festival.通常小孩子们都盼望节日。
You can look up this word in the vocabulary.
你可以在词汇表里查这个词。④Mr. Garcia (看不起)anyone who hasn't had a college education.
⑤I'm really (盼望)our vacation.
【答案】 ①look into ②looked through ③Looking ahead ④looks down on ⑤looking forward toacceleration n．[U]加速；促进
The figures show an acceleration in the rate of economic growth.这些数字显示了经济增长率的加速。accelerate/hurry/quicken/speedHe decided to accelerate his advertising.
他决定增加广告量。
He hurried across the rails in front of a train.
他匆匆地赶在一列火车前面穿过了铁轨。
Good debate can quicken one's mind.
好的辩论能使人头脑敏锐。
Can you speed up？你能加速吗？【解析】 句意：我们都知道，农民经常使用特制的化学肥料来促进庄稼的生长。improve“改善，增进”；increase“增加，增长”；promote“促进，提升”；这三个词都不能接growth作宾语。accelerate“加快，促进(某事物)”，可接growth作宾语，表示“促进(庄稼的)生长”。
【答案】 D5．She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.(教材P43)快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。
(1)when作为并列连词，常常意为“……在这时……”，强调动作的突发性。
We had just fallen asleep when the bell rang.
我们刚刚入睡，突然铃声响了起来。I was about to do my homework when Ted asked me to play football with him.
我正要做作业，这时特德要我和他踢足球。
I was watching TV when someone knocked at the door.我正在看电视，就在那时有人敲门。【解析】 句意：昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句中作并列连词，意为“这时”。while作并列连词，表示“对比转折”；after为从属连词或介词，意为“在……之后”；since“自从……时候，既然……”。
【答案】 A(2)arrest vt.逮捕；吸引；阻止；中止 n．逮捕；拘留
The police were called in，but they could not arrest anyone.警察被叫来了，但他们不能逮捕任何人。
They failed to arrest the company's decline.
他们未能阻止公司的衰落。Her warning tone arrested my attention.
她警告的语气引起我的注意。
The police made several arrests during the football match.警方在足球赛时逮捕了一些人。
He was arrested for causing a serious car accident.
他因造成严重车祸而被逮捕。【解析】 句意：这小男孩哭是为了引起他母亲的注意。arrest one's attention“引起某人的注意”，为固定搭配。其他几个词没有这种用法。
【答案】 B完成句子
③You could (要遭逮捕)doing that.
④His words (引起了人们的注意)．
【答案】 ③get arrested for ④arrested people's attention6．Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.(P43)
突然间她坐了下来，却被她那又笑又叫的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。
(1)本句中的主句是abruptly she sat down，不定式短语only to be scooped up...作结果状语；现在分词laughing和shouting作定语，修饰sister。
(2)不定式作结果状语，通常表示事与愿违或出乎意料的结果。I went to see home，only to find him out.
我去看他，不料他出去了。
I rushed to Li Hua's home，only to be told that he was out.
我匆忙赶到李华家，结果被告知他不在。
【提示】 不定式在句中作结果状语，强调意料不到的结果；而动词?ing形式在句中作结果状语，强调必然的结果。
The fire was too big and out of control，burning the whole building down.
火太大并失去了控制，把整座楼都烧倒了。【解析】 句意：汤姆乘出租车去机场，却发现他要乘坐的飞机高高地飞在空中。由语境可知，此处指出乎意料地发现飞机起飞了。only to do表示出乎意料的结果，故选B项。
【答案】 B7．date back to＝date from追溯到……
All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.(教材P44)所有的这些物体来自相同的三星堆遗址，能够追溯到3 000到5 000年前。
The castle dates back to the ancient Roman days.
此城堡建于古罗马时代。
In China，the needle treatment dates back to ancient times.在我国，针刺疗法从古代起就有了。out of date 过时的，过期的
up to date 最新(up?to?date adj.最新式的)
to date 到目前为止，至今
set/fix a date for sth.约定……的日期
have a date with sb.同某人约会
go on a date去约会Have you set a date for the wedding?
婚礼的日子定下来了吗？
We're going on a date on Friday night.
我们星期五晚上去约会。
【提示】 date from与date back to一般用主动语态。而且当谈论现存的一件物品时，虽然该物品制造于过去某一时期，date from，date back to却通常用一般现在时。【解析】 考查非谓语动词。date from只用于主动语态，故排除A、B两项；D项为谓语动词形式，不合题意。此处dating为分词作定语。
【答案】 C完成句子
②This is an old building (追溯至14世纪)．
③This custom (起源于)the 16th century.
【答案】 ②dating back to the 14th century
③dates back toAssumption假设，猜想
1．Perhaps there was...也许有……
—Is there someone in the classroom?
教室里有人吗？
—Perhaps there are two.也许有两个。2．It could be...because...
可能……因为……
—Where is my hat？我的帽子在哪里？
—It could be on the bed because you were lying on the bed.可能在床上，因为你刚刚在床上躺着。
3．It is reasonable to assume that...
假定……是有理由的。
—What do you think of the decision?
你认为这个决定怎么样？
—It is reasonable to assume that it will be a success.
假定成功是有道理的。4.It may/might have been used as/for...
它可能已经被用为……
—What was it used for？它是做什么用的？
—It might have been used as needles.
它可能已经被用作针了。
5．It seems that...好像……
—What was that？那是什么？
—It seems that a bone came from the animal's head.
好像是来自动物头部的一块骨头。Suggestions建议
1．I think that we should...because...
我认为我们应该……因为……
2．What if...?
如果……将会怎么样？
3．Perhaps we should/could...
也许我们应该/能……
4．I suggest we...
我建议我们……Features特征描写
1．It looks like...看起来像……
—What does the ape look like？猿是什么样子？
—It looks like a monkey.它看起来像猴子。
2．It could be made from...它可能由……制成。
—What was the old tool made from?
这个旧的工具是由什么做的？
—It could be made from stones.
它可能是由石头制成的。1．(2013·福建高考)—Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?
— .
A．Yes，with great pleasure
B．No，I am afraid I can't make it
C．Yes，it is worth the time
D．No，as long as it doesn't take long【解析】 题干问句意思是：“你介意回答一些关于购物习惯的问题吗？”因为动词mind意为“介意”，所以如果用Yes回答，就表示“介意”，即不愿回答问题；如果用No回答，就表示“不介意”，即愿意回答问题。选项A、C都是用Yes回答的，首先说明是“介意回答问题”，而这两项后面的表述“非常乐意”“这值得花费时间”却与Yes前后自相矛盾；选项B用No回答，表示“不介意”，但后面的表述“恐怕我做不到”也与No相矛盾。而选项D“不介意，只要不花很长时间”回答得恰到好处。
【答案】 D2．(2012·江苏高考)—Honey，the cat's stuck in the tree.Can yon turn off the TV and get a ladder...?
—Oh，it jumped off. .
A．Never mind B．All right
C．No problem D．Take care
【解析】 never mind没关系，不要紧；all right行，可以；no problem没问题；take care当心。 句意：——宝贝，猫卡在了树上。你能不能关掉电视、找把梯子……？——哦，它跳下来了。没事。由it jumped off可知，问题解决了，接下来应是叫对方不要担心。故选A。
【答案】 A如何描述古迹
(Description of archaeological finds)
对于古迹的描述，一般要注意以下几方面：
1．描述古迹的名称。每一个古迹都有一个名称，这样的名称很可能出现在报刊、杂志、电视上。
2．要对古迹的现状、历史年代和作用进行描述。
3．描述考古挖掘的地点，具体地点要求写清楚，越详细越好，以便让读者知道具体的位置。4．描述考古挖掘的时间，考古挖掘的时间很重要，这样的时间要记录到历史文件或教科书上。
5．描述考古挖掘的偶然起因。考古挖掘大多数都有一个偶然的故事，这是很吸引人的东西。
6．描述考古挖掘的过程。考古挖掘的过程是最重要的部分，随着挖掘的深入，该考古遗址的形成过程越来越明晰。[常用句型]
Thought to be the world's oldest...，it has been discovered...
It could be the first evidence of...
It dated/dates back to at least...
It was constructed more than...
It was first discovered...
Large numbers of... have been discovered in...The discovery of... was further evidence that...
Further evidence that...came with the discovery of...
The first sign of civilization in... dates back to around...
It means that...
It is generally considered/thought...
The mystery of... remains unknown/uncertain...
It is well preserved...请根据下表所给的信息，写一篇120词左右的短文，描述这一考古发现。参考词汇：
原始部落遗址primitive tribal site；
固定居民点a fixed residential area；
陶器pottery；玉器jade；石器stoneware
[思路点拨]
本篇作文可以从以下三个方面入手：
1．介绍古迹的名称、挖掘发现的时间和地点等。
2．介绍挖掘过程、重大发现。
3．介绍考古挖掘的意义及成就。[句式温习]
1．废墟包括一个城市的基本要素。
The ruins the basic elements of a city.
2．这些发现表明中国早在5500年前就出现了城市，从而使中国城市的历史向前推进了1000多年。
These discoveries prove the city's existence in China 5,500 years， another 1,000 years to China's urban history.【答案】 1.include 2.as far back as；adding 3.extend；even more years 4.Before that; which was built more than【参考范文】
A primitive tribal site considered to be the oldest city in China has been discovered in Lingjiatan，Hanshan County of Anhui Province.The ruins include the basic elements of a city：a fixed residential area，a large temple，defenses，marketplaces，and workshops.A large number of potteries，jades and stoneware were also discovered.These discoveries prove the city's existence in China as far back as 5,500 years，adding another 1,000 years to China's urban history.The findings will extend the civil history of the Chinese people from 5,000 to 7,000－8,000 years，even more years.Before that，archaeologist thought the oldest city in China was the Dantu Village located in Wulian County of Rizhao City，Shangdong Province，which was built more than 4,000 years ago.
