话题素材——旅行
好词
1.attract
vt.
吸引→attractive
adj.
吸引人的
2.scenery
n.
景色
3.impress
vt.
给人留下印象→impressive
adj.
感人的；给人以深刻印象的
4.surroundings
n.
环境
5.accommodation
n.
住处；膳宿
6.show
great
interest
in
对……很感兴趣
7.be_located_in
位于；座落于
8.a
place
of
interest
名胜景地
9.be_famous_for/as...
因为/作为……而闻名
10.go
sightseeing
观光；游览
11.have
a
history
of
有……年的历史
12.have_a_good_view_of...
一览无余
13.be
fascinated
by
被……迷住
14.set_off/out
动身；起程
15.from_home_and_abroad
来自国内外
佳句
1.With
people's
living
standard
raised
in
recent
years,
they
tend
to
choose
travelling
in
their
spare
time.
近几年，随着人们生活水平的提高，他们倾向于在空闲时间选择去旅游。
2.Travelling
not
only
broadens_my_horizons
but
also
opens_my_eyes
to
the
world.
旅游不仅拓宽了我的视野也增长了我的见识。
3.Therefore,
taking_good_care_of_yourself_when_travelling
is
of
great
importance.
因此，在旅行时照顾好自己是非常重要的。
[精美语篇]
In
order
to
encourage
the
students
to
take
outdoor
exercise,
our
school
organized
a
mountain climbing
on
April
10.
Hundreds
of
us
took
part
in
it.
It
was
a
nice
day.
At
8：00
a．m.,
we
gathered
at
the
foot
of
Daqing
Mountain
and
set
out
for
the
top
in
high
spirits.
All
the
way
we
were
chatting,
singing
and
laughing,
enjoying
the
fresh
air
and
the
beautiful
scenery.
When
some
fell
behind,
others
would
come
and
offer
help.
About
2
hours
later,
we
all
reached
the
top.
When
we
were
bathed
in
sunshine,
we
jumped
and
cheered
with
joy.
The
activity
benefited
us
a
lot.
Not
only
did
it
get
us
close
to
nature
and
give
us
relaxation
from
heavy
schoolwork,
it
also
promoted
the
friendship
among
us.
What
a
wonderful
time！
高频单词
1．journal
(n.)
日记；杂志；定期刊物→journalist
(n.)
记者→journey
(形近词)
(n.)
旅行；旅程
2．transport
(n.
&
vt.)
运送；运输→transportation
(n.)
交通；运输
3．prefer
(vt.)
更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preference
(n.)
偏爱；爱好→preferred
(过去式/过去分词)preferring
(现在分词)
4．disadvantage
(n.)
不利条件；不便之处→advantage
(反义词)
(n.)
有利条件；优势
5．persuade
(vt.)
说服；劝说→persuasion
(n.)
说服；劝说
6．cycle
(vi.)
骑自行车→cyclist
(n.)
骑自行车的人
7．graduate
(vi.)
毕业
(n.)
大学毕业生→graduation
(n.)
毕业；毕业典礼
8．finally
(adv.)
最后，终于→final
(adj.)
最后的；最终的
9．schedule
(n.)
时间表；进度表
(vt.)
为某事安排时间
10．stubborn
(adj.)
顽固的；固执的
11．organize
(vt.)
组织；成立→organizer
(n.)
组织者→organization
(n.)
组织→organized
(adj.)
有组织的
12．determine
(vt.)
决定；确定；下定决心→determined
(adj.)
坚决的；有决心的→determination
(n.)
决心
13．bend
(n.&v.)
弯；拐角；弯身；弯腰；使弯曲→bent
(过去式/过去分词)
14．attitude
(n.)
态度；看法→altitude
(形近词)
(n.)
高度；海拔
15．forecast
(n.
&
vt.)
预测；预报→forecast
(过去式/过去分词)
16．insurance
(n.)
保险→insure
(vt.
&
vi.)
投保；给……保险
17．reliable
(adj.)
可信赖的；可靠的→rely
(vi.)
依靠；依赖
18．view
(n.)
风景；视野；观点；见解
(vt.)
观看；注视；考虑→viewer
(n.)
电视观众；观看者
重点短语
1．ever_since 从那以后
2．be_fond_of
喜欢；喜爱
3．care_about
关心；忧虑；惦念
4．change_one's_mind
改变主意
5．make_up_one's_mind
下决心；决定
6．give_in
投降；屈服；让步；上交
7．as_usual
照常
8．put_up
张贴；搭建
9．at_midnight
在午夜
10．take_care
注意；当心；保重
11．at_one_point
在某处或某一时间；曾经
12．dream_about/of
梦想
13．graduate_from
毕业于……
14．take_out
拿出；取出
15．be_dressed_in...
穿着……服装
16．can_hardly/not_wait_to_do_sth.
迫不及待地做某事
热点句型
1．ever
since与完成时连用
Ever_since_middle_school
(从上中学那时起),
my
sister
Wang
Wei
and
I
have
dreamed
about
taking
a
great
bike
trip.(教材P18)
2．强调句型：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分
It_was_my_sister_who
(是我妹妹)first
had
the
idea
to
cycle
along
the
entire
Mekong
River
from
where
it
begins
to
where
it
ends.(教材P18)
3．insist(坚持要求)＋that从句(从句中谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可省略)
Although
she
didn't
know
the
best
way
of
getting
to
places,
she
insisted_that_she_organize_the_trip
(她坚持要求组织这次旅行)properly.(教材P18)
4．主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式的主动形式(表示被动)
When
I
told
her
the
air
would_be_hard_to_breathe
(将会呼吸困难)and
it
would
be
very
cold,
she
said
it
would
be
an
interesting
experience.(教材P18)
5．once作连词，意为“一旦……就……”
Once
(一旦)she
has
made
up
her
mind,
nothing
can
change
it.(教材P18)
6．can
hardly/not
wait
to
do
sth.
“迫不及待做某事”
We
can_hardly_wait_to_see
(迫不及待地想见到)
them！(教材P22)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．She
gave
me
a
________
(determine)
look—the
kind
that
said
she
would
not
change
________mind.
答案：determined;
her
2．So
I
told
her
that
the
source
of
the
Mekong
________
(be)
in
Qinghai
Province.
答案：is
3．It
becomes
rapids
as
it
passes
through
deep
valleys,
________
(travel)
across
western
Yunnan
Province.
答案：travelling
4．Along
the
way
children
________
(dress)
in
long
wool
coats
stopped
to
look
at
us.
答案：dressed
5．We
found
a
large
atlas
with
good
maps
________
showed
details
of
world
geography.
答案：that
6．Wang
Wei
soon
got
them
________(interest)
in
cycling
too.
答案：interested
7．In
the
late
afternoon
we
found
it
was
so
cold
________
our
water
bottles
froze.
答案：that
8．At
one
point
we
were
so
high
that
we
found
ourselves
_____
(cycle)
through
clouds.
答案：cycling
9．At
midnight
the
sky
became
clearer
and
the
stars
grew
______
(bright)．
答案：brighter
10．We
will
reach
Dali
in
Yunnan
Province
soon,
________
our
cousins
Dao
Wei
and
Yu
Hang
will
join
us.答案：where
1 prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
Which
kind
of
transport
do
you
prefer
to
use:
bus
or
train？(P17)
你更喜欢哪种交通方式：公共汽车还是火车？
归纳拓展
(1)prefer
(sb.)
to_do
sth.
更喜欢(某人)做某事
prefer
sth./doing...to
sth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……；喜欢……胜过……
prefer
to_do...rather
than
do...宁愿……而不愿……
prefer
that...更喜欢……(that从句中常用should＋动词原形，should可省略)
(2)preference
n.
偏爱；爱好；喜爱
give/show
preference
to
sb./sth.给……以优惠；优待
in
preference
to优先于；而不是
名师点睛
(1)prefer过去式、过去分词均为preferred，现在分词为preferring。
(2)由于prefer本身含有比较含义，故不可与比较级连用；prefer
(doing)
sth.
to
(doing)
sth.中的to是介词，to前后分别用平行的名词、代词或动词 ing形式。
(3)表示“宁愿做……也不愿做……”可用以下句型：
prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...
＝would
do...rather
than
do...
＝would
rather
do...than
do...
语境助记
①[2016·四川高考]I
prefer
to_work
in
black
and
white,
which
allows
me
to
show
different
specific
worlds
more
clearly.
我喜欢在黑白色的空间工作，这让我能够更清晰地展示与众不同的世界。
②[牛津高阶]Would
you
prefer_me_to_stay
你愿意我留下来吗？
③Nowadays
many
children
prefer_surfering
the
Internet
at
home
to_taking
exercise
outdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
④We
preferred
them
to_take_our_advice
seriously.
→We
preferred
that
they
(should)_take_our_advice
seriously.
我们更希望他们会认真对待我们的建议。
⑤She
was
chosen
in_preference_to
her
sister.
她被选中了，而不是她妹妹。
⑥Preference
will_be_given_to
graduates
of
this
university.
这所大学的毕业生会获得优先考虑。
2 persuade vt.说服；劝说
Two
years
ago
she
bought
an
expensive
mountain
bike
and
then
she
persuaded
me
to
buy
one.(P18)
两年前她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，并且之后说服我也买了一辆。
归纳拓展
(1)persuade
sb.
to_do
sth.＝persuade
sb.
into_doing
sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade
sb.
not_to_do
sth.＝persuade
sb.
out_of_doing
sth.
说服某人不做某事
(2)persuade
sb.
of
sth.
使某人相信某事
persuade
sb.
that...使某人相信……
(3)try
to
persuade
sb.
to_do
sth.＝advise
sb.
to_do
sth.
尽力劝说某人做某事(但未必劝服)
(4)persuasion
n.
说服；劝说
语境助记
①Don't
let
yourself
be_persuaded_into_buying
things
you
don't
really
want.
不要被说服买你不需要的东西。
②I
tried_to_persuade_him_to
give
up
drinking,
but
he
wouldn't
listen
to
me.
我试图说服他戒酒，但他不听。
③Advertisements
persuade_us_that
newer
is
better
and
that
we
will
be
happier
with
the
latest
products.
广告使我们相信新的更好，我们会对最新的产品更满意。
易混辨析
persuade
说服；劝服；使相信
try
to
persuade＝advise
advise
劝说(不一定成功)
convince
“使相信；信服”，常用结构：convince
sb.of
sth.或convince
sb.that...
④[一言辨异]Though
I
had
advised
her
for
many
times,
I
couldn't
persuade
her
to
go
abroad
with
me
because
her
life
experience
had
convinced/persuaded
her
that
she
could
not
live
on
without
her
parents.
尽管我向她建议过很多次了，但我还是不能说服她和我一起出国，因为她的生活经验已经让她深信没有她的父母，她无法生活。
3 determine vt.确定；决定；(使)下定决心
She
gave
me
a
determined
look—the
kind
that
said
she
would
not
change
her
mind.(P18)
她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。归纳拓展
(1)determine
on/upon决定
determine
to_do_sth.
决定做某事
determine
＋从句
决定……
(2)determined
adj.
坚决的；有决心的
be
determined
to_do
sth.决心做某事
(3)determination
n．决心
名师点睛
be
determined
(not)
to
do
sth.表示状态，是一种延续状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，而determine
to
do
sth.表示动作，不能与表时间段的状语连用。如：
He
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.(×)
He
was
determined
to
do
it
for
a
long
time.(√)
类似用法的单词还有
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]My
ten year old
was
growing
and
changing
right
before
my
eyes,
into
this
determined_human
being
with
a
passion
and
a
mission.
“我”10岁的(女儿)长大了，在“我”眼中变成了一个富有热情和使命感的坚定的人。
②[牛津高阶]He
determined_to_start
early.
他决定早点儿出发。
③Whether
a
person
can
succeed
or
not
is_determined
by
many
factors.
一个人能否成功是由多种因素来决定的。
④Determined_to_give
up
smoking,
he
threw
away
his
remaining
cigarettes.
决心戒烟，他扔掉了剩余的香烟。
⑤He
fought
the
illness
with_courage_and_determination.
他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。
4 schedule n．时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间
Now
she
is
planning
our
schedule
for
the
trip.(P18)
现在，她正为这次旅行制定计划。
归纳拓展
(1)ahead
of
schedule＝ahead
of
time
(进度上)提前
on
schedule(＝on
time)
准时
behind
schedule
(＝behind
time)
落后于预定计划
(2)be
scheduled
for
sth.
为某事做安排
be
scheduled
to_do
sth.
安排做某事
语境助记
①Having
worked
for
two
days,
Steve
managed
to
finish
his
report
on_schedule.
工作两天后，史蒂夫设法按时完成了报告。
②The
meeting
scheduled_to_be_held
on
Tuesday
morning
is
of
great
importance.
预计在周二早上召开的会议非常重要。
③Thanks
to
your
help,
we
accomplished
the
task
ahead_of_schedule.
多亏你的帮助，我们才能提前完成任务。
④[牛津高阶]The
tunnel
project
has
already
fallen
behind_schedule.
隧道工程已经晚了工期。
5 view n．风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑
To
climb
the
mountains
was
hard
work
but
as
we
looked
around
us,
we
were
surprised
by
the
view.(P22)
登上这些山很艰难，但当我们环顾四周时，我们被四周的风景惊呆了。
归纳拓展
(1)in
view
在视线范围内；作为目标
out_of
view
在视线范围之外
in
view
of
鉴于；考虑到；由于
in
one's
view
依某人看来
have
a
good/bad/wonderful
view
of
看得见/看不清/看得非常清楚
come
into
view
出现在眼前
(2)view...as/to_be
把……看作
(3)viewer
n.
电视观众；观看者
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]In_my_view,_it
was
a
waste
of
time.
依我看，这是浪费时间。
②In_view_of
the
weather,
the
event
will
now
be
held
indoors.
由于天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。
③[2016·浙江高考]In
still
another
use,
persons
in
Asian
cultures
may
view
silence
as
a
sign
of
respect,
particularly
to
an
elder
or
a
person
in
authority.
还有一种用法是亚洲文化的人们可能把沉默视为尊重他人的表现，尤其是对长者和掌权者。
④The
lake
soon
came_into_view.
那湖很快映入眼帘。
⑤写出下列句子中view的含义
a．Whenever
you
bought
a
present,
you
should
think
about
it
from
the
receiver's
point
of
view.观点
b．She
viewed
him
with
suspicion.注视；看
c．He
climbed
up
to
the
top
of
the
church
tower
to
get
a
better
view
of
the
entire
city.风景
d．The
sun
disappeared
from
view.视野
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．British
attitudes
________
accent
have
a
long
tradition.
答案：to/towards 考查固定搭配。attitude
to/towards
sth.意为“对……的态度”。
2．The
24th
Winter
Olympic
Games,
________
(schedule)
in
the
winter
of
2022,
will
take
place
in
Beijing.
答案：scheduled 考查分词作状语。schedule与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，故用scheduled。
3．We
are
looking
for
someone
who
is
________
(rely)
and
hardworking.
答案：reliable 考查形容词作表语。reliable形容词，意为“可靠的；可信赖的”。
4．The
branch
________
(bend)
but
did
not
break.
答案：bent 考查动词的时态。bend的过去式为bent。句意：树枝弯了，但是并没有折断。
5．________(determine)
never
to
come
back
before
he
could
make
a
big
fortune,
he
left
home
without
saying
a
word.
答案：Determined 考查分词作状语。determine与he之间为被动关系，表状态，故填determined。
6．They
had
no
time
to
arrange
their
wedding,
so
they
had
it
________(organize)
by
a
company.
答案：organized 考查“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构。organize与it之间为被动关系，故填organized。
7．A
lot
of
food
as
well
as
some
tents
________(transport)
to
the
earthquake striken
area
since
the
earthquake
occurred.答案：has
been
transported 考查动词的时态和语态。since从句为一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，又因为transport与主语之间为被动关系，故填has
been
transported。
8．After
________
(graduate),
he
went
abroad.
答案：graduation 考查词性转换。介词after后要加名词。after
graduation意为“毕业之后”。
9．He
could
have
finished
it
________
schedule,
but
somehow
he
fell
behind.
答案：on 考查固定搭配。on
schedule意为“按时”。
10．Rather
than
ride
a
crowded
bus,
he
always
prefers
________(ride)
a
bike.
答案：to
ride 考查固定搭配。prefer
to
do...
rather
than
do...意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。
1 care
about
关心；关注；在乎；介意；担心
Of
course
she
hadn't;
my
sister
doesn't
care
about
details.(P18)
当然她并没有看过——我姐姐是不会注意细节的。
归纳拓展
care
for照顾；喜欢；对……有兴趣
take
care
注意；当心
take
care
of
照顾；照料
with
care
小心地；仔细地
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]Chimps
seldom
care_about
others'
interests.
猩猩很少去关心其他猩猩的利益。
②[牛津高阶]She
moved
back
home
to
care_for
her
elderly
parents.
她搬回家住，好照料年迈的双亲。
③Who
will
take_care_of
the
dog
while
we're
away
我们外出时，谁来负责照看这条狗呢？
④Take_care
not
to
be
impolite
to
the
customers.
注意别对顾客不礼貌。
⑤He
handled
the
instrument
with_care
for
fear
it
should
be
damaged.
他小心地摆弄那架仪器，生怕把它弄坏。
2 give
in
屈服；投降；让步；上交
Finally,
I
had
to
give
in.
(P18)
最后，我只能让步了。
归纳拓展
give
away
赠送；泄露；出卖
give
off
放出；散发出
give
out
分发；用完；筋疲力尽；公布；出故障
give
up
放弃；戒掉；停止；让出
give
way
to
给……让路；对……让步
give
rise
to
产生；引起
名师点睛
1 give
in“屈服；呈交”。当“屈服”讲时，如果接宾语，后面常接介词to，表示向某人屈服。 2 give
up“放弃”，既可作不及物动词短语，也可作及物动词短语。用作及物动词短语时，后面常跟pron./n./doing
sth.
意为“放弃 做 某事”。
语境助记
①Do
you
think
the
president
will
give_in_to
the
terrorists'
demand
你认为总统会对恐怖分子们的要求让步吗？
②[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]On
December
1,1955,
in
Montgomery,
Alabama,
Rosa
Parks
would
not
give_up
her
seat
on
a
bus
to
a
white
passenger.
1955年12月1日，在阿拉巴马州，蒙哥马利市的一辆公共汽车上，罗莎·帕克斯拒绝将座位让给一位白人乘客。
③[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]It
annoys
Welty
that,
at
78,
her
left
ear
has
now
given_out.
令韦尔蒂困扰的是，78岁时，她左耳失聪了。
④She
gave_away
all
her
money
to
the
poor.
她把所有的钱都捐给了穷人。
⑤Such
is
Dad—whatever
problem
he
meets
with,
he
never
gives_up.
父亲就是这样的一个人——不管他遇到什么问题，他从来不会放弃。
⑥The
rotting
bananas
are
giving_off
a
bad
smell.
这些腐烂的香蕉发出难闻的气味。
3 make
up
one's
mind
下定决心；决定
Once
she
has
made
up
her
mind,
nothing
can
change
it.(P18)
一旦她下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
归纳拓展
change
one's
mind
改变主意
记住……
call/bring...
to
mind回忆起……
fix
one's
mind
on/upon...将注意力集中于……
read
one's
mind看出某人的心思
名师点睛
make
up
one's
mind短语中的mind与change
one's
mind中的mind的形式要随one's的单复数变化而变化。
语境助记
①[2016·浙江高考]I
made_up_my_mind
I
would
find
out
what
was
good
in
my
present
situation.
我决定要找出我当前处境中的优点所在。
②[2016·江苏高考]On
the
Internet,
we
could
quickly
and
easily
locate
the
details,
and
check
facts,
without
keeping
them
in_mind.
在网络上，我们能够迅速地，很容易地找到细节，查看事实，而不需要记住它们。
③With
so
much
noise
around,
the
boy
could
not
fix_his_mind_on
what
he
was
doing
at
all.
周围那么多的噪音，这个男孩根本不能将注意力集中在他正在做的事情上去。
④He
changed_his_mind
after
a
phone
call
at
the
last
minute.
他接了一个电话后，在最后时刻改变了主意。
过关演练
选词填空
make
up
one's
mind；
put
up；
care
about；
be
dressed
in；
ever
since；
be
fond
of；
give
in；
as
usual；
graduate
from；
dream
of
1．The
next
afternoon
Jason
went
to
the
office
for
his
papers
________.
答案：as
usual
2．He
went
to
the
library
after
breakfast
and
has
been
writing
his
essay
there
________.
答案：ever
since
3．A
notice
was
________
in
order
to
remind
the
students
of
the
changed
lecture
time.
答案：put
up
4．Eventually
the
girls
all
________
college
and
went
away
to
work
for
themselves.
答案：graduated
from
5．________
someone
seems
to
have
a
number
of
factors,
including
seeing
something
we
find
attractive.
答案：Being
fond
of
6．Tough
as
the
task
may
be,
we
have
________
to
finish
it
ahead
of
time.
答案：made
up
our
minds
7．He
________
casually
________
jeans
and
a
T shirt.
答案：was;
dressed
in
8．What
I
________
is
not
what
he
can
learn
at
school
but
whether
he
can
build
up
his
confidence
in
the
new
environment.
答案：care
about
9．It
was
the
kind
of
trip
most
of
us
only
________.
答案：dreamed
of
10．The
workers
refused
to
________
to
the
manager's
demands
for
working
on
weekends.
答案：give
in
1
Although
she
didn't
know
the
best
way
of
getting
to
places,
she
insisted_that
she
organize
the
trip
properly.(P18)
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
归纳拓展
从句语气
意义
insist(vt.)
虚拟语气，其谓语动词常用(should＋)动词原形
坚持要求；坚决主张
陈述语气
坚持认为；坚持说
insist(vi.)
其后常接介词on/upon
坚持；坚决主张；硬要
名师点睛
1 insist后跟从句时有两种用法：当insist表示“坚持要求；坚决主张”时，其宾语从句要用虚拟语气；当insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”时，其宾语从句要用陈述语气。
2 suggest在接宾语从句时的两种用法也要特别注意：
①当suggest表示“建议”时，其宾语从句要用虚拟语气 即从句谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略 。
②当suggest表示“暗示；表明”时，其宾语从句要用陈述语气。
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]I
told
her
she
shouldn't
swim
after
a
whole
night's
coughing,
but
she
refused
to
give
up
and
insisted_she_(should)
_go.
我告诉她不应该在咳嗽一整夜之后去游泳，但是她拒绝放弃并坚持要去。
②He
insisted_that
he
had_not_broken
the
window.
他坚持说他没有打坏窗户。
③The
doctor
insisted_on
performing
an
operation
on
the
patient
at
once.
医生要求立刻给患者做手术。
2 When
I
told
her
the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe
and
it
would
be
very
cold,
she
said
it
would
be
an
interesting
experience.(P18)
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
归纳拓展
the
air
would
be
hard
to
breathe是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中the
air是breathe的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：
①表语是表性质的形容词
②主语是to
do的逻辑宾语
(1)常用形容词有：difficult,
hard,
easy,
comfortable,
pleasant,
interesting,
exciting等。
(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
(3)此句式还可以拓展为“find/feel/think/believe＋宾语＋adj.＋to
do”。
语境助记
①The
question
was
not
easy_to_answer,_so
most
of
them
kept
silent.
这个问题不容易回答，因此他们中的大部分人保持沉默。
②The
armchair
looks
rather
hard,
but
in
fact
it
is
very
comfortable
to_sit_in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。
③He
found
its
title
easy
to_understand.
他发现它的标题容易理解。
3 Once
she
has
made
up
her
mind,
nothing
can
change
it.(P18)
她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。归纳拓展
(1)once用作连词时，意为“一旦……就……”，引导条件状语从句。从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
(2)once用作副词时，意为“曾经；一度；从前；一次”。
(3)once引导的从句中的主语若与主句主语一致，则可将其省略，构成省略句。
语境助记
①Once
the
damage
is
done,
it
will
take
many
years
for
the
farmland
to
recover.
一旦造成损失，这些土地要花费很多年才能恢复过来。
②Once_(it_is)_broadcast,_the
TV
play
will
be
very
popular
with
young
people.
一旦开播，这部电视剧将会为年轻人所喜欢。
③[牛津高阶]He
cleans
his
car
once_a_week.
他每周洗一次汽车。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I
believe
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time
here
________
you
get
to
know
everyone
else.
答案：once/after/when 考查连词。两句话之间要用连词连接，再根据语意可知，此处可用once“一旦”；after“……之后”；when“当……的时候”来连接。
2．The
days
________
we
spent
together
on
the
farm
are
not
easy
________
(forget)．
答案：which/that;
to
forget 第一空考查定语从句，从句中缺宾语，先行词为days，故用关系代词which/that；第二空考查“be＋adj.＋to
do”结构。
3．Although
Tom
insisted
that
he
________(hand)in
his
homework
yesterday,
Mrs
Wang
still
insisted
he
________
(do)
it
again.
答案：had
handed;
(should)
do 考查insist后跟从句的用法。第一空为陈述语气；第二空为虚拟语气。
4．There
are
some
health
problems
that,
when
not
________
(treat)
in
time,
can
become
bigger
ones
later
on.
答案：treated 考查省略句。when
not
treated相当于when
(they
are)
not
treated。
5．I'm
afraid
we'll
have
to
work
extra
hours,
for
some
problems
are
hard
________
(settle)．
答案：to
settle 考查“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构。句意：恐怕我们不得不加班了，因为有一些问题很难处理。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The
doctor
insisted
that
he
________
and
that
he
________
immediately.
医生坚持说他病得很严重，并主张马上做手术。
答案：was
seriously
ill;
(should)
be
operated
on
2．Although
the
lady
looks
elegant,
actually
she
________.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难相处。
答案：is
hard
to
get
along
with
3．They
________
that
they
would
buy
a
new
house
________Larry
changed
his
job.
他们决定一旦拉里更换了工作，就买一所新房子。
答案：made
up
their
minds;
once
4．Jim
__________
turn
on
the
TV
when
he
gets
home.
吉姆一到家，就迫不及待地打开电视。
答案：can't
wait
to
5．________
in
the
park
________
I
met
my
teacher
yesterday.
昨天，我是在公园遇见了我的老师。
答案：It
was;
that
现在进行时表将来
英语中有少数动词(位移动词)或动词短语，如：go,
come,
start,
leave,
arrive,
return,
move,
fly,
take
off等，其现在进行时可以表示将来。主要用来表示按计划、安排在近期将要发生的动作。
①Look,
the
plane
full
of
food
and
clothes
is
taking
off
soon
to
help
the
victims
in
the
earthquake.
看，满载着食品和衣服的飞机很快就要起飞去帮助在地震中受害的人们。
②Please
call
the
station
to
make
sure
when
the
earliest
train
is
leaving.
请给车站打个电话确定最早的火车什么时候离开。
现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如：do,
buy,
meet,
have,
play，finish,
stay,
publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
At
this
time
next
year
we
are
having
our
holiday
in
Beijing.
明年的此刻我们正在北京度假呢。
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．I've
won
a
holiday
for
two
to
Florida.
I
________
(take)
my
husband.
答案：am
taking 考查现在进行时表将来。
2．Ladies
and
gentlemen,
please
fasten
your
seat
belts.
The
plane
________
(take)
off.
答案：is
taking 考查现在进行时表将来。
3．Hundreds
of
jobs
will
be
lost
if
the
factory
________
(close)
down.
答案：closes 考查条件从句的时态。在if引导的主从复合句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
4．—I'm
sorry,
I
forgot
to
post
the
letter
for
you.
—Never
mind.
I
________
(post)
it
myself
this
afternoon.
答案：will
post 考查一般将来时。表示临时的打算与决定用will
do。
5．People
________
(become)
less
tolerant
of
smoking
in
public
places
these
days.
答案：are
becoming 考查现在进行时。此处表示一种渐变过程，故用进行时态。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
[2017·唐山摸底]Dr
K
was
one
of
my
favorite
professors
in
college.
He
was
unique
because
he
admitted
telling
lies
in
his
__1__.
I
remembered
the
__2__
to
his
teaching
at
the
beginning
of
his
first
class:
“Now
let
me
__3__
how
I
teach.
Between
today
until
the
class
right
before
finals,
I'll
put
a
__4__
into
each
of
my
lectures.
Your
job
is
to
try
and
__5__
me
in
the
Lie
of
the
Day.”
And
thus
__6__
our
ten－week
course.
Early
in
the
course,
the
Lie
of
the
Day
was
usually
obvious
—
__7__
causing
a
forest
of
raised
__8__
to
challenge
the
lie.
Dr
K
would
smile,
saying,
“Very
good!
In
fact,
the
opposite
is
__9__.”
As
the
course
progressed,
__10__，
the
Lie
of
the
Day
became
less
__11__.
Every
once
in
a
while,
a
lecture
would
__12__
with
nobody
catching
the
lie.
On
such
days,
we
would
all
sit
in
__13__，
while
Dr
K,
looked
quite
__14__
with
himself
and
announced:
“Ah
ha!
Each
of
you
has
one
lie
in
your
__15__.
Discuss
what
it
might
be,
and
I
will
tell
you
next
Monday.”
Those
lectures
forced
us
to
__16__
what
we
had
set
down
in
our
notebooks
the
following
week.
It's
years
since
I
__17__.
While
my
knowledge
taught
by
Dr
K
has
faded
over
time,
the
lessons
will
always
stay
__18__
with
me.
“Experts”
can
be
__19__
and
say
things
that
sound
right—so
build
a
habit
of
__20__
new
information
and
check
it
against
things
you
already
accept
as
a
fact.
篇章导读：本文讲述的是一位令作者终生难忘的教授，他的授课方式让作者受益无穷，使作者养成了用挑战的思维接受事实的习惯。
1．A.memories
B．lectures
C．stories
D．textbooks
答案：B 根据上文中“Dr
K
was
one
of
my
favorite
professors
in
college.”可知，此处应指授课方法独特。
2．A.introduction
B．
way
C．access
D．
devotion
答案：A 教师在第一次授课时，一般要介绍一下如何授课，根据下文内容也可知，A项正确。
3．A.remember
B．
declare
C．explain
D．
conduct
答案：C 教授在解释(explain)自己是如何授课的。
4．A.puzzle
B．
joke
C．surprise
D．
lie
答案：D 根据第一段第二句话中的telling
lies，以及下文讲述的内容中提到的the
Lie
of
the
Day可知，选D。
5．A.catch
B．
help
C．support
D．
punish
答案：A 根据教授的解释，在授课中会出现谎言，学生的任务是找到(catch)这些谎言。
6．A.passed
B．
continued
C．began
D．
arose
答案：C 介绍完故事背景，接下来便开始讲述课程进行的情况，故应为开始(began)了这样一个为期十周的课程。
7．A.gradually
B．
suddenly
C．actually
D．
immediately
答案：D 根据上文中的“the
Lie
of
the
Day
was
usually
obvious”以及下文中的“a
forest
of
raised
__8__”可知，此处选D。
8．A.eyes
B．
hands
C．heads
D．
books
答案：B 上文中提到课程早期，谎言是显而易见的，此处表示大家踊跃举手来挑战。故选B。
9．A.true
B．
interesting
C．easy
D．
serious
答案：A 既然是学生指出来的谎言，故相反的应该是正确的(true)。
10．A.besides
B．
therefore
C．once
D．
however
答案：D 根据11空前的“the
Lie
of
the
Day
became
less
____”可知，此空与上文内容为转折意义。
11．A.attractive
B．
noticeable
C．difficult
D．
special
答案：B less
noticeable意为“不那么明显”。
12．A.prove
B．
meet
C．end
D．
connect
答案：C 上文中讲到谎言在课堂上不那么明显了，因而，一堂课结束(end)了也没人找到谎言。
13．A.surprise
B．
relief
C．comfort
D．
silence
答案：D 在这种没有人能找出谎言的情况下，大家通常会静静坐着(sit
in
silence)。
14．A.pleased
B．
disappointed
C．annoyed
D．
surprised
答案：A while提示此处内容与上文内容形成对比，上文的沉默应对应教授的自满。pleased
with
onself“自鸣得意”。
15．A.diaries
B．
notes
C．homework
D．
articles
答案：B 根据下文“forced
us
to
__16__
what
we
had
set
down
in
our
notebooks”可知，此处选B。
16．A.go
through
B．
look
for
C．find
out
D．
turn
in
答案：A go
through意为“仔细浏览；复习；经历”；look
for意为“寻找”；find
out“查明”；turn
in
意为“上交”。结合语境可知，此处表示温习笔记，去查出谎言。
17．A.married
B．
retired
C．graduated
D．
moved
答案：C 根据下文可知，此处表示毕业(graduated)好多年。
18．A.funny
B．
fresh
C．useful
D．
important
答案：B while意为“尽管”。由语境可知，知识已经逐渐忘记了，但这些课永远鲜活地留在作者脑海里。
19．A.responsible
B．
greedy
C．patient
D．
wrong
答案：D 结合全文主旨可知，此处表示所谓的专家也会犯错。
20．A.believing
B．
spreading
C．challenging
D．
organizing
答案：C 结合本文主题可知，要学会用挑战的(challenging)态度接受新事物。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·复旦附中第二学期测试]Good
news
travelers!
Well known
travel
guide
publisher
Lonely
Planet
has
issued
its
top
10
cities
to
visit
in
2015.
Some
of
the
selections
are
home
to
big
events,
and
others
are
relatively
unknown,
but
all
are
worthy
of
an
adventure.
Here
is
a
glimpse
at
some
of
the
best
places
you
can
visit.
Find
your
favorite
and
put
it
on
your
travel
list
for
this
year.
Washington,
DC
Rank：1
Attraction：History
in
the
making
From
the
Washington
Monument
and
John
F.
Kennedy
Center
all
the
way
to
Capitol
Hill,
the
vigor
of
the
US'
capital
city
is
just
as
strong
in
real
life
as
it
is
in
House
of
Cards.
The
year
2015
marks
the
150th
anniversary
of
Abraham
Lincoln's
assassination,
and
a
series
of
special
events
will
be
held
to
commemorate
the
occasion.
Lincoln's
famous
top
hat,
the
pistol
that
fired
the
deadly
shot,
and
other
artifacts
from
that
fateful
day
will
be
on
display.
Milan,
Italy
Rank：3
Attraction：A
cradle
of
fine
dining
and
culture
If
you
are
a
gastronome,
don't
miss
Milan
in
2015.
Expo
2015
will
be
held
between
May
and
October,
and
the
focus
is
on
food.
The
1.1 square kilometer
fairgrounds
will
be
laid
out
like
a
classical
Roman
city,
with
symmetrical
avenues,
a
canal,
and
a
huge
artificial
lake
surrounded
by
pavilions.
You
can
explore
the
food
district,
watch
cooking
demos,
wander
a
plaza
full
of
street
musicians
and
dance
performers,
or
indulge
in
nighttime
wine tasting.
Plovdiv,
Bulgaria
Rank：6
Attraction：Architectural
gems
emerge
after
800
years
Nestled
behind
Bulgaria's
dramatic
Rhodope
Mountains
and
filled
with
historical
treasures
by
the
thousand,
Plovdiv
is
one
of
Europe's
most
beautiful
old
towns.
In
recent
years,
it
was
transformed
into
a
spirited
modern
city
with
charming
cobblestoned
streets,
delicately
painted
houses,
craft
markets
and
quirky
museums.
Colorful
landmarks
like
St
Nedelya's
bell
tower
contrast
against
Brutalist
creations
like
the
central
post
office.
Apart
from
cultural
sites,
you
can
explore
the
Asen's
Fortress,
a
Thracian
outpost
perched
above
jagged
valleys.
Salisbury,
UK
Rank：7
Attraction：The
Magna
Carta's
800th
anniversary
For
too
long
Salisbury
has
been
considered
a
short
stop
on
the
way
to
Stonehenge.
But
2015
is
set
to
be
the
year
visitors
linger
in
this
city
as
it
marks
the
800th
anniversary
of
the
Magna
Carta,
(Latin
for
“Great
Charter”),
which
limited
royal
power
and
established
the
rights
of
common
people.
The
highlight
for
the
celebrations
will
be
Salisbury
Cathedral,
whose
Chapter
House
holds
the
Magna
Carta.
A
brand
new
exhibition
will
launch
in
the
Chapter
House,
alongside
an
array
of
talks,
evensongs,
and
a
flower
festival.
Chennai,
India
Rank：9
Attraction:
Discover
India's
other
megacity
While
travelers
rave
about
Delhi,
Mumbai
and
Kolkata,
Chennai
has
always
been
an
overlooked
Indian
megacity.
But
in
2015,
the
opening
of
the
Chennai
Metro
Rail
will
make
it
a
worthwhile
stop.
Chennai
Metro
Rail
is
the
first
integrated
mass
transit
system
in
India,
and
it
will
transform
the
experience
of
exploring
this
humid
city.
Must see
destinations
include：Dravidian
temples,
institutes
for
Indian
classical
dance,
British era
fortifications
and
churches.
篇章导读：文章介绍了2015年旅行最佳目的地及其特点。
1．If
you
are
a
food lover,
the
best
resort
for
you
is
______.
A．Milan
B．
Plovdiv
C．Salisbury
D．
Chennai
答案：A 细节理解题。根据“Milan,
Italy”部分中“If
you
are
a
gastronome,
don't
miss
Milan
in
2015.
Expo
2015
will
be
held
between
May
and
October,
and
the
focus
is
on
food.”可知，如果喜欢食物，最好的旅游目的地是米兰。故选A。
2．What
is
the
significance
of
the
Magna
Carta
A．It
was
established
800
years
ago
in
Salisbury,
UK.
B．It
restrained
the
power
of
the
royalty
and
entitled
common
people
with
rights.
C．There
is
going
to
be
grand
celebrations
marking
the
800th
anniversary
of
the
Magna
Carta.
D．The
Magna
Carta
is
held
in
Chapter
House
of
Salisbury
Cathedral.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据“Salisbury,
UK”部分中第二句．..
as
it
marks
the
800th
anniversary
of
the
Magna
Carta,
(Latin
for“Great
Charter”),
which
limited
royal
power
and
established
the
rights
of
common
people.”可知，Magna
Carta的重要性是它克制皇室的权力，建立了普通人的权利。故选B。
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
False
A．Plovdiv
is
the
most
appealing
attraction
for
those
who
are
fascinated
with
culture
and
architecture.
B．The
former
US
president
Abraham
Lincoln
was
murdered
in
1865.
C．Chennai
has
always
been
a
popular
tourist
destination.
D．Expo
2015
will
be
held
between
May
and
October
in
Milan.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据“Chennai,
India”部分中第一句“While
travelers
rave
about
Delhi,
Mumbai
and
Kolkata,
Chennai
has
always
been
an
overlooked
Indian
megacity.”可知，金奈一直不是受欢迎的旅游胜地。故选C。
1．issue
vt.
公布；发行
2.glimpse
n.
一瞥；一看
3．delicately
adv.
小心处理地；精致地
4．contrast
v．/n.
对比；对照
5．launch
vt.
开始从事；发动
1．on
display
陈列；展出
2．be
transformed
into...
被改变为……
B
It
was
10：30
p．m..
Jason
opened
his
hotel
room
door.
He
was
finally
in
Hawaii!
His
hotel
was
right
on
the
beach.
He
couldn't
wait
to
explore
its
green
mountains,
white
sand
beaches
and
tropical
forests.
He
dropped
his
bag
near
the
bed
and
set
his
wallet
and
cell
phone
on
the
desk.
He
could
hear
the
whisper
of
the
waves
right
outside.
He
opened
the
sliding
glass
door
and
stepped
out
onto
the
balcony
to
feel
the
ocean
breeze
and
breathe
the
warm,
fragrant
night
air.
He
slid
the
door
closed
behind
him
to
keep
the
bugs
out
of
his
room
and
heard
it
click.
Several
minutes
later,
Jason
pulled
on
the
door.
It
didn't
move
an
inch.
He
pulled
and
pulled
on
the
door,
but
it
wouldn't
budge.
Panic
set
Jason's
heart
racing.
He
has
locked
himself
out
of
his
room!
Jason
looked
down.
The
ground
was
about
20
meters
below
him.
There
was
no
way
he
could
jump
and
live
to
tell
about
it.
He
leaned
over
the
railing
and
looked
around.
He
saw
a
light
in
the
room
to
the
right.
Maybe
he
could
crawl
over
to
that
balcony.
“No，”
he
thought.
“Too
dangerous.”
He
started
yelling,
“Hello,
hello！”
No
answer.
He
yelled
louder.
Still
nothing.
Finally,
he
started
to
sing
loudly
and
off key.
He
heard
the
sound
of
a
sliding
door.
A
voice
started
to
say,
“What...”
Jason
leaned
over
the
railing
and
interrupted.
“I'm
so
sorry!
But
I'm
locked
out
of
my
room.
Can
you
call
the
front
desk
Tell
them
the
guy
in
645
is
stuck
on
his
balcony.”
His
neighbor
promised
he
would
right
away.
Half
an
hour
later.
Jason
was
back
in
his
room
and
filled
with
relief.
篇章导读：本文讲叙了贾森去夏威夷旅游时在宾馆将自己反锁在门外的囧事，以及如何成功获救的故事。
4．Why
did
Jason
close
the
glass
door
behind
him
when
he
came
onto
the
balcony
A．To
feel
the
ocean
breeze.
B．To
hear
the
whisper
of
the
waves.
C．To
keep
the
bugs
out
of
his
room.
D．To
breathe
the
warm,
fragrant
night
air.
答案：C 细节理解题。由第一段第八句中的keep
the
bugs
out
of
his
room可知，答案为C。
5．What
does
the
underlined
word
“budge”
in
Paragraph
1
probably
mean
A．Start.
B．
Move.
C．Change.
D．
Open.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据上文中的“It
didn't
move
an
inch.”可知，此处表示不管他怎么拉，门都不动。故答案为B。
6．How
did
Jason
get
himself
out
of
trouble
A．He
jumped
down
from
the
balcony.
B．He
broke
the
glass
door
to
get
back
into
the
room.
C．He
sang
loudly
and
terribly
to
attract
attention.
D．He
crawled
over
to
the
balcony
of
the
room
to
the
right.
答案：C 细节理解题。由第二段中的第十三句“Finally,
he
started
to
sing
loudly
and
off key.”可知，他通过大声地并走调地唱歌引起邻居注意。故答案为C。
7．What
lesson
would
Jason
learn
from
this
experience
A．He
would
never
travel
to
Hawaii
again.
B．He
would
stay
in
a
hotel
room
without
a
balcony.
C．He
would
never
close
a
glass
door
again.
D．He
would
always
keep
his
cell
phone
with
him.
答案：D 推理判断题。文中提到贾森把手机放在房间的桌子上，而手机是求救的有利工具，如果当时有手机的话就可以免于类似的尴尬。因此选D。
1．whisper
n．/v.
耳语；低语
2.slide
v.
滑行；悄悄移动
3．panic
n．/v.
惊恐；恐慌
4.lean
v.
倾斜；后仰；使倾斜
5．crawl
vi.
爬；爬行；匍匐行进
1．can't
wait
to
do
sth.
迫不及待做某事
2．with
relief
轻松地；宽慰地
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2017·石家庄高三联考]I
am
writing
to
apply
a
scholarship
in
Harvard
University
for
the
bachelor's
Degree
in
your
university.
Here
is
my
personal
informations
for
you.
I
was
born
in
1995
in
Henan.
I
am
admitted
to
Xiwang
High
School
with
high
scores
in
2012
and
will
graduate
from
this
June.
During
my
three
school
years,
beside
my
high
school
subjects
such
as
Chinese,
English,
physics
and
chemistry,
I
also
take
advanced
maths
in
an
nearby
college.
I
have
made
straight
A's
on
all
requiring
subjects.
I
have
passed
CET－4
but
kept
on
learning
English
all
these
years.
So
I
don't
think
you
will
have
any
problems
in
the
English
language
during
my
study
in
your
country.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply
on
qualifications
for
an
internationally
student.
答案：
I
am
writing
to
apply
a
scholarship
in
Harvard
University
for
the
bachelor's
Degree
in
your
university.
Here
is
my
personal
for
you.
I
was
born
in
1995
in
Henan.
I
admitted
to
Xiwang
High
School
with
high
scores
in
2012
and
will
graduate
eq
\o(,\s\do14(或在from后加it))
this
June.
During
my
three
school
years,
my
high
school
subjects
such
as
Chinese,
English,
physics
and
chemistry,
I
also
take
advanced
maths
in
nearby
college.
I
have
made
straight
A's
on
all
subjects.
I
have
passed
CET－4
kept
on
learning
English
all
these
years.
So
I
don't
think
will
have
any
problems
in
the
English
language
during
my
study
in
your
country.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply
on
qualifications
for
an
student.
第一处：apply后加for apply
for...
“申请……”，是固定搭配。
第二处：informations→information information为不可数名词。
第三处：am→was 根据上下文可知，此处应为一般过去时。
第四处：去掉from或from后加it 未提及从哪儿毕业不用from；或from后加it，表示从“它”那儿毕业。
第五处：beside→besides besides“除……之外，还……”。
第六处：an→a a
nearby
college“一所附近的大学”。
第七处：requiring→required all
required
subjects“所有必修课”。
第八处：but→and 根据句意可知，此处kept与passed是并列关系。故用并列连词and。
第九处：you→I 根据全文为第一人称的表述及本句句意可知，此处用I。
第十处：internationally→international 此处用形容词international修饰名词student。话题素材——语言和文化
好词
1.master
vt.
掌握
2.improve
v.
提高；改善
3.command
v.
&
n.
命令；指令
4.standard
n.
标准
5.usage
n.
使用；用法
6.form_the_habit_of_reading
养成阅读习惯
7.step_by_step
逐步地；一步步地
8.have
a_good_knowledge/command_of
English
通晓英语
9.work
hard_at
English
努力学习英语
10.have
difficulty/trouble_in
doing
sth.
在……方面有困难
11.make
full
use
of
充分利用
12.give
sb.
some
advice
on
how
to
learn
English
给某人一些关于如何学英语的建议
13.look_up
the
word
查单词
14.enlarge
one's
vocabulary
扩大某人的词汇量
15.improve
writing
skills
提高写作能力
佳句
1.Learning_English_well
depends
on
reading
widely
and
largely.
学好英语取决于大量地、广泛地阅读。
2.With_the_constant_development_of_the_society,_English
has
played_a_more_and_more_important_part_in
our
daily
life.
随着社会的不断发展，英语在我们日常生活中起到越来越重要的作用。
3.There_are
several
tips
on
how_to_learn
English
well.
Firstly,
you
should
spare_no_effort_to_read
interesting
English
news,
which
can
help
you
increase
your
interest
in
English.
有几条如何学好英语的建议。首先，你应当不遗余力地阅读有趣的英语新闻，这有助于提高你对英语的兴趣。
[精美语篇]
My
experience
of
learning
English
after
class
In
English
learning,
I
often
take
an
active
part
in
the
English
Corner
and
practice
speaking
English.
By
doing
this,
I
have
improved
my
pronunciation
and
intonation.
At
the
same
time
I
insist
on
keeping
diaries
in
English
every
day.
Thus
my
knowledge
has
been
reviewed
and
enlarged.
Learning
English
depends
on
reading
widely
and
largely.
I
also
visit
English
reading
websites.
Those
sites
provide
many
English
articles
of
all
levels
and
I
can
find
appropriate
ones
to
read.
The
dictionary
in
the
computer
can
help
me
deal
with
the
new
vocabulary
quickly.
Therefore
I
benefit
much
from
reading.
Above
are
my
main
learning
methods
of
learning
English
after
class.
高频单词
1．official
(adj.)
官方的；正式的；公务的→office
(n.)
办公室→officer
(n.)
官员
2．voyage
(n.)
航海；航行→voyager
航行者；远行者
3．native
(adj.)
本国的；本地的(n.)
本地人；本国人
4．actually
(adv.)
实际上；事实上→actual
(adj.)
真实的；实际的5．base
(vt.)
以……为根据
(n.)
基部；基地；基础→basic
(adj.)
基本的；基础的→basis
(n.)
基础；基本原则
6．present
(n.)
礼物；目前
(adj.)
到场的；出席的
(vt.)
提交；赠予；展现；呈现
7．gradual
(adj.)
逐渐的；逐步的→gradually
(adv.)
逐渐地；逐步地
8．vocabulary
(n.)
词汇；词汇量；词表
9．spelling
(n.)
拼写；拼法→spell
(v.)
拼写
10．latter
(adj.)
较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→latest
(adj.)
最新的；最近的→later
(adv.)
后来
(adj.)
后来的→lately
(adv.)
近来；最近→late
(adj.
&
adv.)
晚的；迟地
11．fluent
(adj.)
流利的；流畅的→fluently
(adv.)
流利地；流畅地
12．frequent
(adj.)
频繁的；常见的→frequently
(adv.)
常常；频繁地→frequency
(n.)
频率
13．usage
(n.)
使用；用法；词语惯用法→use
(vt.)
使用
(n.)
用途→useful
(adj.)
有用的→useless
(adj.)
无用的
14．command
(n.
&
vt.)
命令；指令；掌握→commander
(n.)
负责人；(尤指)司令官；指挥官
15．request
(n.
&
vt.)
请求；要求
16．expression
(n.)
词语；表达；表情→express
(vt.)
表达
(n.)
快车；快递
17．recognize
(vt.)
辨认出；承认；公认→recognized
(adj.)
公认的；经过验证的→recognition
(n.)
识别；承认；认出
18．straight
(adv.)
直接；挺直
(adj)
直的；笔直的；正直的
重点短语
1．more_than
超过；非常；不只是；不仅是
2．at_present
现在；目前
3．make_use_of
利用；使用
4．such_as
例如……；像这种的
5．play_a_part_(in)
扮演一个角色；参与
6．come_up
走近；上来；提出
7．even_if
即使
8．because_of
因为；由于
9．be_based_on
以……为基础
10．a_number_of
若干；许多
11．believe_it_or_not
信不信由你
热点句型
1．疑问词＋do
you
think/believe/imagine/guess...＋其他
Which_country_do_you_think(你认为哪个国家)has
the
most
English
learners？(教材P9)
2．even
if引导让步状语从句，相当于even
though，意为“即使；尽管”
Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
even_if_they_
don't_speak_the_same_kind_of_English(即使他们所讲的英语不尽相同)．(教材P10)
3．more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”
It
was
based
more_on_German
(更多的是以德语为基础)than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.(教材P10)
4．it
is/was＋adj.(＋for
sb.)＋to
do...“(对某人来说)做某事是……”
It_is_not_easy
for
a
Chinese
person
to_speak
English
as
well
as
a
native
English
speaker.(教材P11)
对中国人来说，想把英语说得像英国人一样好，并不是件容易的事。
5．“no
such＋可数名词单数”意为“没有这样的……”
Believe
it
or
not,
there
is
no_such_thing_as_standard_English
(信不信由你，没有像标准英语这样的东西)．(教材P13)
6．This/That
is
because...“这/那是因为……”
This_is_because
(这是因为)
in
the
early
days
of
radio,
those
who
reported
the
news
were
expected
to
speak
excellent
English.(教材P13)
7．the
way
作先行词引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语时，关系词有三种形式：that;
in
which；/
However,
on
TV
and
the
radio
you
will
hear
differences
in
the_way_people_speak(人们说话方式).
(教材P13)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Today,
________(many)
people
speak
English
as
their
first,
second
or
a
foreign
language
than
ever
before.
答案：more
2．The
number
of
people
________(learn)
English
in
China
________
(be)
increasing
rapidly.
答案：learning;
is
3．________
(actual)
all
languages
change
and
develop
when
cultures
meet
and
communicate________each
other.
答案：Actually;
with
4．Later
in
the
18th
century
some
British
people
________(take)
to
Australia,
too.
答案：were
taken
5．________fact,
China
may
have
________
largest
number
of
English
learners.
答案：In;
the
6．People
from
England
made
voyages
________(conquer)
other
parts
of
the
world
and
because
________
that,
English
began
to
be
spoken
in
many
other
countries.
答案：to
conquer;
of
7．The
USA
is
a
large
country
________
many
different
dialects
are
spoken.
答案：where
8．Some
people
________
live
in
the
mountains
of
the
eastern
USA
speak
________
an
older
kind
of
English
dialect.
答案：who/that;
with
9．She
told
us
to
go
around
the
corner
________
the
left
and
keep
going
straight
for
two
________
(block)．
答案：on;
blocks
10．Many
people
believe
the
English
________(speak)
on
TV
and
the
radio
is
standard
English.
答案：spoken
1 base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.(P10)
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
归纳拓展
(1)base...on/upon...根据……；以……为基础
(sth.)
be
based
on/upon
(某物)．..以……为基础
at
the
base
of...以……为基础；在……底部
(2)basis
n．基础；基本原则
on
the
basis
of根据；在……的基础上；基于
(3)basic
adj.基本的；基础的
be
basic
to...
是……的基础
名师点睛
在“base...on/upon...”结构中，base是及物动词，base后要跟宾语，否则要用被动形式“be
based
on/upon”形式。
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]The
report
is_based_on
figures
from
six
different
European
countries.
这份报告是以欧洲六个不同国家的数据为依据。
②Based_on
a
popular
online
novel,
The
Legend
of
Mi
Yue
tells
the
story
of
Mi
Yue
and
her
life
filled
with
politics,
war
and
romance.
基于一部流行的网络小说而拍的《芈月传》讲述了芈月和她那交织着政治、战争和浪漫爱情的一生。
③[2016·天津高考]When
planning
Encyclopaedia
Britannica
(《大英百科全书》)，I
had
to
create
a
table
of
contents
based_on
the
topics
of
its
articles.
在计划《大英百科全书》时，我必须以它里边文章的主题为基础，创建一个内容表。
④Basing_an_important_decision
more
on
emotion
than
on
reason,
you
will
regret
it
sooner
or
later.更多地依靠感性而不是理性去做一个重要的决定，你迟早会后悔的。
⑤Some
movies
have
been
banned
on_the_basis
that
they
are
too
violent.
有些影片因暴力镜头过多而被查禁。
⑥Drums
are
basic_to
African
music.
鼓是非洲音乐的基本乐器。
2 command n．[C]命令；指令 [U]掌握 vt.命令；指挥；支配
Can
you
find
the
following
command
and
request
from
Reading？(P12)
你能从阅读中找出下面的命令和要求吗？
归纳拓展
(1)at
one's
command听从某人的支配
under
one's
command由某人指挥；由某人统帅
take
command
of控制；担任……的指挥
(be)
in
command
of指挥；控制
have
a
good
command
of
很好地掌握；精通
(2)command
sb.
to_do_sth.命令某人做某事
command
that...(should)
do...命令……做……
(3)commander
n.
负责人；(尤指)司令官；指挥官
名师点睛
command所接宾语从句的谓语动词用“ should＋
do”形式，能这样使用的动词可用以下口诀来记忆：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，
command
三建议：advise，
suggest，
recommend
四要求：require，
request，
demand，
desire
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]Applicants
will
be
expected
to
have_a_good_command
of
English.
申请人应该精通英语。
②He
is
the_commander
of
the
expedition.
他是探险队队长。
③The
boss
commanded
him
to_finish
some
important
work,
but
Henry
forgot
his
command.
→The
boss
commanded
that
he_(should)_finish
some
important
work,
but
Henry
forgot
his
command.
老板命令他完成一些重要的工作，但亨利却忘了他的命令。
3
request n．&
vt.请求；要求
In
English
you
use
a
command
or
a
request
when
you
want
someone
to
do
something.(P12)
在英语中，当你想让别人做事时，你可以使用命令或请求方式。
归纳拓展
(1)request
sb.
to_do_sth.
请求某人做某事
request
that
sb.
(should)
do
sth.
请求某人做某事
It
is
requested
that
...
根据要求……
(2)make
a
request/requests
for...
请求；要求……
at
one's
request＝at
the
request
of
sb.
应某人之要求
名师点睛
request
后面跟宾语从句、主语从句和同位语从句时，从句中的谓语用“should
＋do”形式，
should可以省略，即为虚拟语气。
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]They
made
a_request_for
further
aid.
他们要求再给一些援助。
②He
was
there
at_the_request
of
his
manager/at_his_manager's_
request.
他按照经理的要求到了那里。
③It_is_requested
that
all
the
visitors
should
not
take
pictures
of
the
exhibitions.
根据要求所有的参观者不该对展品进行拍照。
④My
parents
requested
that
I_should_learn
a
second
foreign
language.
→My
parents
requested
me_to_learn
a
second
foreign
language.
父母要求我再学一门外语。
4 recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
Although
many
Americans
move
a
lot,
they
still
recognize
and
understand
each
other's
dialects.(P13)
虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但他们还是能识别和理解彼此的方言。
归纳拓展
(1)recognize
one's
voice听出某人的声音
recognize...as/to
be...
承认……是……
be
recognized
as...
被公认为/承认是……
It
is
recognized
that...
人们公认……
(2)recognition
n.
认出；认识
out
of/beyond
(all)
recognition
认不出来
语境助记
①The
moment
I
picked
up
the
phone,
I
recognized_his_voice.
我一拿起电话就听出了他的声音。
②[牛津高阶]The
book
is
now
recognized_as
a
classic.
这本书现在是一部公认的经典著作。
③[2016·江苏高考]We_recognized
that
Kurt
wasn't
just
trying
to
make
a
sale.
我们意识到库尔特并不打算做一笔买卖。
④The
town
has
changed
beyond_recognition
since
I
was
last
here.
自从我上次离开这里以来，这座城镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
易混辨析
recognize
强调通过对记忆的搜索，辨认出原来熟悉的人、物、声音、方位等，常指经过一段时间的间隔后又重新认出来
know
“知道，认识”，指相互间十分熟悉、十分了解
realize
“意识到”，强调在经过一个过程后的完全了解。强调注意到，了解本质，明白事理。它还有“实现(梦想)”的意思
⑤用recognize，know，realize的适当形式填空
a．I
knew
Bob
ten
years
ago,
but
he
has
changed
so
much
that
I
can
hardly
recognize
him
at
present.
b．None
of
us
realized
the
danger
we
were
in.
c．Mo
Yan
is
universally
recognized
as
one
of
the
greatest
authors
of
our
time.
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Of
the
two,
the
________
(late)
wins
my
favor.
答案：latter 考查词性转换。根据语意可知，应填latter，意为“后者”。
2．With
our
knowledge
________(base)
on
practice,
we
can
make
great
contributions
to
our
country.
答案：based 考查with的复合结构。base与knowledge之间为被动关系，故填based。
3．According
to
the
rules
of
the
hotel,
guests
________
(request)
to
vacate
(腾出)
their
rooms
by
noon
on
the
day
of
departure.
答案：are
requested 考查request
sb.
to
do
sth.结构。此处是该结构的被动语态形式。
4．The
manager
gave
his
command
that
measures
________
(take)
immediately
to
correct
all
the
mistakes
made
in
marketing.
答案：(should)
be
taken 考查command后跟同位语从句。此时从句中的谓语应用(should＋)
do形式，又因为measure与take之间为被动关系，故填(should)
be
taken。
5．In
its
early
history,
Chicago
had
floods
________
(frequent),
especially
in
the
spring.
答案：frequently 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词had,
故应填副词frequently。
6．You
can
find
much
information
available
on
the
________
(office)
website.
答案：official 考查词性转换。official形容词，意为“官方的；正式的”，修饰名词website。
7．________(actual),
on
second
thoughts,
I
don't
think
I
want
to
go
out
with
you
tonight.
答案：Actually 考查词性转换。根据语法分析，此处应填副词作状语，故填Actually。
8．When
we
saw
the
road
________
(block)
with
snow,
we
decided
to
spend
the
holiday
at
home.
答案：blocked 考查过去分词作宾补。block此处为动词，意为“堵塞；阻塞”，see
the
road
blocked
with
snow“看到马路被雪所阻”。
9．As
is
known
to
all
language
learners,
newly
learnt
words
will
soon
be
forgotten
unless
________
(frequent)
used
in
everyday
communication.
答案：frequently 考查词性转换。frequently“频繁地”，修饰动词use。
10．It
is
well
known
that
the
panda
is
native
______
China.
答案：to 考查固定搭配。be
native
to意为“原产于……；发源于……”。
1 because
of
因为；由于
Later
in
the
next
century,
people
from
England
made
voyages
to
conquer
other
parts
of
the
world
and
because
of
that,
English
began
to
be
spoken
in
many
other
countries.(P9)
随后在接下来的一个世纪，英国人开始航海征服世界的其他地区。正因如此，许多别的国家开始说英语了。
归纳拓展
because
of
的同义短语：
owing
to
由于
thanks
to
由于；幸亏
as
a
result
of
由于；因此
as
a
consequence
of...
因为……的结果
on
account
of
由于
in
view
of
由于；因为
due
to
由于；因为
名师点睛
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]I
did
it
because
he
told
me
to.
因为他吩咐我才做的。
②He
walked
slowly
because_of
his
bad
leg.
他因为腿不方便而行走缓慢。
③[2016·四川高考]Previous
studies
have
also
indicated
that
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep
because_of
the
calcium
content,
which
helps
people
to
relax.
以前的研究也已经表明牛奶可以有效的帮助睡眠，这是因为它里边含有有助于人们放松的钙。
④Many
obese
children
are
bullied
on_account_of
their
weight.
许多肥胖儿童因为其体重问题在学校受到欺负。
2 come
up
走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起
I'd
like
to
come
up
to
your
apartment.(P10)
我很愿意到你家里来。
归纳拓展
come
up
with
想出；提出；找到；产生
come
about
发生
come
across
穿过(路、桥)；偶遇；偶然发现
come
on
(风、雨等)到来；(演员)出场；赶快；得了吧；加油
come
out
出版；出来；出现；结果是
come
to
苏醒；总计；达到；谈到
when
it
comes
to...
当提到……
名师点睛
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]In
the
weeks
that
followed,
the
solution
which
had
come_up
in
my
unconscious
mind
proved
correct
at
every
step.
在接下来的几周，我潜意识里产生的解决方案被证明了每一步都是正确的。
②[牛津高阶]She
came_up_with
a
new
idea
for
increasing
sales.
她想出了增加销售量的新主意。
③How
did
it
come_about
that
you
were
late
for
half
an
hour
你迟到了半小时是怎么回事呢？
④When
he
came_to_himself,_he
found
himself
surrounded
by
a
lot
of
people.
当他醒来时，他发现周围都是人。
⑤When
it_comes_to
how
to
speak
fluent
Mandarin,
I
suggest
that
you
learn
a
bunch
of
pronunciation
rules
first.
当谈到如何说一口流利的普通话时，我建议你先学学基本的发音规则。
⑥写出下列句中come
up的含义
a．An
old
lady
came
up
to
me
and
asked
for
directions.
走近
b．As
soon
as
the
project
came
up
at
the
meeting,
it
attracted
many
people's
attention.被提出
c．When
the
moon
came
up,
the
young
people
began
their
celebration.升起
d．—Alvin,
are
you
coming
with
us
—I'd
love
to,
but
something
unexpected
has
come
up.发生
图解助记
come
up
3 make
use
of
利用；使用
So
by
the
1600's
Shakespeare
was
able
to
make
use
of
a
wider
vocabulary
than
ever
before.(P10)
因此到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
归纳拓展
(1)make
full/good
use
of
充分利用
make
the
best/most
of充分利用
take
(full)
advantage
of(充分)利用
(2)come
into
use开始被使用
be
of
great
use
很有用的(＝be
very
useful)
It
is
no
use
doing
sth.
做某事是没用的
put
sth.
to
(good)
use
(有效)使用(或利用)某物
名师点睛
对于make
use
of这个短语，除了熟练掌握它的含义外，还应注意以下两点：
1 把use提前，使用被动语态。
2 把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]Our
class
came
up
with
the
idea
to
make_better_
use_of
used
materials.
我们班想出了更充分利用二手材料的主意。
②People
should
make_full_use_of
their
time
to
do
something
meaningful.人们应充分利用好他们的时间做些有意义的事情。
③Last
but
not
least,
it's
everyone's
responsibility
to
make
the
most/best_of
water.
最后但同等重要的是，充分利用水资源是每个人的义务和责任。
④Full
use
must_be_made_of
every
minute
to
go
over
our
lessons,
for
the
final
examination
is
coming.
每一分钟都应被充分利用来复习我们的功课，因为马上就要期末考试。
⑤We
should
think
of
what_use
can
be_made_of
such
material.
我们应该考虑怎么用这种材料。
⑥It_is_no_use
trying
to
persuade
him
to
have
a
holiday
because
he
is
a
workaholic.
因为他是一个工作狂，试图说服他休假根本无用。
⑦[牛津高阶]She'll
be
able
to
put
her
languages
to_good_use
in
her
new
job.
她在新工作中应该可以好好运用她会的各种语言。
过关演练
选词填空
make
use
of；
come
up
with ；
believe
it
or
not；
be
based
on；
play
a
major
part
in；
the
number
of；
because
of；
even
if；
such
as；
at
present
1．[2016·江苏高考]A
study
found
that
a
strong
Ni o
in
1997 98
helped
America's
economy
grow
by
$15
billion,
partly
________
better
agricultural
harvests.
答案：because
of
2．________
the
students
present
at
the
meeting
was
smaller
than
expected.
答案：The
number
of
3．You
cannot
choose
what
you
are
given,
but
you
can
choose
how
you
________
it.
答案：make
use
of
4．I
will
go
there
________
I
have
to
walk.
答案：even
if
5．It
is
certain
that
the
question
will
________
at
the
meeting.
答案：come
up
6．There
is
no
way
________
of
predicting
what
the
long term
effects
of
the
explosion
of
Tianjin
will
be.
答案：at
present
7．TV
takes
the
place
of
similar
sorts
of
recreation,
________
listening
to
the
radio
and
playing
sports.
答案：such
as
8．Robots
can
also
speak
different
languages
and
make
recommendations
for
different
items
________what
the
customer
is
shopping
for.
答案：based
on
9．________，
the
well behaved
gentleman
turned
out
to
be
a
thief.
答案：Believe
it
or
not
10．E mail,
as
well
as
the
telephone,
________our
daily
communication.
答案：plays
a
major
part
in
1 Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
even_if
they
don't
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.
(P10)
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
归纳拓展
(1)even
if/even
though通常引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；尽管”，所引导的从句常用一般现在时表示将来。在主、从句主语相同且从句中含有be时，也可采用省略结构。
(2)even
so
“即使如此；尽管这样”。
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]I
like
her,
even_though/even_if
she
can
be
annoying
at
times.
尽管她有时可能很烦人，我还是喜欢她。
②Even_if/Even_though
one
makes
a
mistake,
correcting
mistakes
in
time
is
a
good
thing.
即使一个人犯了错，及时纠正了就是一件好事。
③He
will
not
attend
the
party
even_if/even_though_(he_is)_invited.
即使他被邀请，他也不会参加那个晚会。
④It's
raining.
Even_so,_we
must
set
off.
天在下雨。尽管如此，我们还是要出发。
2 It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.(P10)
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
归纳拓展
(1)more
than＋数词或从句 超过……
more
than＋形容词 非常……
more
than＋名词 不只是；不仅是……
more...than...
与其说……，倒不如说……
(2)no
more
than
只不过；仅仅
not
more
than
不超过；至多
rather
than
而不是
other
than
除了
语境助记
①The
store
is
more_than
happy
to
deliver
goods
to
your
home.
本商店很乐意为您送货上门。
②The
writer
is
more
in
name
than
in
reality.
这个作家名不副实。
③For
many
people,
fishing
is
more_than
a
sport;
it
is
an
art.
对很多人来说，钓鱼不仅仅是一项运动，还是一门艺术。
④It
is
you
rather_than
he
that
are
to
blame
for
the
terrible
accident.
是你而不是他因这次可怕的事故应受责备。
⑤His
whole
school
education
added
up
to
no_more_than
one
year.
他所受的全部学校教育加起来只有一年。
⑥写出下列句中more
than的含义
a．Feng
Xiaogang
is
more
than
a
director,
but
also
a
major
actor
in
the
film
Mr
Six.不仅是
b．She
is
a
kind
girl
and
more
than
willing
to
help
others.非常
c．It
also
benefits
those
users
who
have
more
than
one
task
to
perform.超过；多于
3 Believe
it
or
not,
there
is
no_such_thing
as
standard
English.(P13)
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。
归纳拓展
(1)such与a/an连用时，要放在a/an的前面；与all,
no,
some,
any,
few,
little,
many,
much,
several,
one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
(2)such＋that...
如此……以致于……
(3)such...as...
“像……这样的……”。
名师点睛
比较下列句子，注意连接词的作用。
①This
is
such
a
difficult
problem
as
all
of
us
can't
work
out. as引导定语从句
②This
is
such
a
difficult
problem
that
all
of
us
can't
work
it
out. that引导结果状语从句
语境助记
①Everything
comes
with
a
price;
there
is
no_such_thing_as
a
free
lunch
in
the
world.
任何事情都是要付出代价的，在这个世界上并没有什么免费的午餐。
②Lucy
was
admitted
to
Beijing
University,
while
I
had
no_such_luck.
露西被北京大学录取了，而我却没有这样的运气。
③He
was
such
a
responsible
teacher
that
we
were
all
deeply
moved.
他是一位如此负责任的老师，以致于我们都被深深地感动了。
④Such
a
book
as
you
show
me
is
difficult
to
understand.
像你给我展示的这样的书是很难理解的。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．Even
________
the
conference
hall
is
near
his
apartment,
he
has
to
hurry
a
little
if
he
wants
to
be
punctual.
答案：if/though 考查连词。句意：即使他的公寓在会议大厅的附近，但是如果他想准时(赶到)，他必须得快一点。even
if/even
though“即使；尽管”。2．She
was
more
sad
________
angry
when
her
son
lied
to
her.
答案：than 考查固定搭配。more
A
than
B
“与其是B倒不如是A”。
3．The
book
is
written
in
such
easy
English
________beginners
can
understand
it.
答案：that 考查such...that...结构，意为“如此……以致于……”。从句中有宾语和主语，故不是as引导的定语从句，而是that引导的结果状语从句。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Tom
was
late
for
work
this
morning.
____________
he
overslept.
汤姆今天早晨上班迟到了，那是因为他睡过头了。
答案：That
was
because
2．Our
English
teacher
______________at
the
class
meeting
yesterday
that
we
should
learn
from
him.
我们英语老师在昨天的班会上提出要求，让我们向他学习。
答案：came
up
with
a
request
3．He
is
so
busy.
He
cannot
afford
enough
time
with
his
son
____________.
他很忙，即使他想抽出足够的时间陪陪儿子也做不到。
答案：even
if
he
wants
to
4．It's
____________
a
misunderstanding.
这只是个误会。
答案：no
more
than
5．There
is
__________________
failure.
Failure
is
just
life
trying
to
move
us
in
another
direction.
世上没有失败，失败只不过是生活试图将我们推向另一个方向罢了。
答案：no
such
thing
as
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)
当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为带to的动词不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子意思加上ask,
order,
tell等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask/beg/request
sb.
to
do
sth.
She
said
to
us,
“Please
have
a
rest.”
→She
asked
us
to
have
a
rest.
表示告诉、吩咐、命令某人做某事时用tell/order/command
sb.
to
do
sth.
The
old
man
said,
“Don't
smoke
in
the
hall.”
→The
old
man
told
me
not
to
smoke
in
the
hall.
表示忠告某人(不)做某事，用advise
sb.(not)
to
do
sth.
The
officer
said,
“Go
away.”
→The
officer
advised
us
to
go
away.
过关演练
句型转换
1．The
girl
said
to
me,
“Will
you
give
me
English
lessons？”
→The
girl
asked
me
____________
give
her
English
lessons.
答案：whether/if
I
would
2．“Go
over
your
test
papers
carefully
before
handing
them
in.”
the
teacher
said.
→The
teacher
____________
over
our
test
papers
carefully
before
handing
them
in.
答案：asked
us
to
go
3．Tom
said
to
Mary,
“Don't
leave
your
keys
on
the
table.”
→Tom
asked
Mary
____________
keys
on
the
table.
答案：not
to
leave
her
4．She
asked，“Where
are
you
going？”
→She
asked
me
____________
going.
答案：where
I
was
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·昆明调研]Last
Thursday,
Michael
and
Linda
stood
behind
large
food
trucks
distributing
meals
to
4,000
homeless
people
for
their
wedding
reception
on
the
border
town
of
Kilis.
The
couple
had
decided
that
instead
of
hosting
their
friends
and
family
for
a
traditional
feast
reception,
they
would
feed
the
victims
from
an
earthquake－stricken
area.
The
idea
came
from
the
bridegroom's
father,
Ted,
who
volunteers
for
a
Turkish
relief
organization.
For
the
past
few
years,
the
organization
has
distributed
daily
meals
to
thousands
of
people
who've
suffered
from
natural
disasters.
He
approached
a
representative
of
the
organization
and
suggested
that
the
family
cover
part
of
the
costs
of
feeding
them
for
the
day.
Then
he
told
his
son,
who
was
surprised
by
the
suggestion,
but
soon
won
over.
When
he
told
that
to
the
bride,
she
was
really
shocked
but
finally
accepted
because
in
southeastern
Turkey
there
is
a
real
culture
of
sharing
with
people
in
need.
They
love
to
share
their
food,
their
table
and
everything
they
have.
And
afterwards
she
was
quite
amazed
about
it.
So,
they
arrived
at
the
distribution
center
on
Thursday
to
spend
the
day
serving
food
and
taking
photographs
with
their
grateful
recipients
(接受者)．
On
Tuesday
evening,
the
newly
married
couple
were
still
pleased
with
their
decision
to
quit
a
personal
celebration
for
one
with
a
greater
good.
“It's
like
sharing
a
dinner
with
your
friends
and
family
who
have
this
kind
of
thing
on
a
daily
basis－or
sharing
something
with
people
who
don't
even
have
the
most
basic
things，”
Michael
said.
“Hopefully，
this
will
also
give
the
start
for
other
wedding
dinners
to
be
held
here
with
our
brothers
and
sisters
in
need.”
篇章导读：本文讲述的是一对新婚夫妇，在结婚日，放弃庆祝自己的婚礼，而去受灾的地区分发食物给受害者的故事。
1．Why
did
so
many
people
crowd
in
Kilis
A．To
attend
Michael
and
Linda's
wedding.
B．To
support
the
organization.
C．To
escape
the
damaging
earthquake.
D．To
help
distribute
free
daily
meals.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“they
would
feed
the
victims
from
an
earthquake－stricken
area”可知，这么多的无家可归的人是来自地震灾区的。故选C。
2．How
did
the
couple
celebrate
their
wedding
A．They
treated
their
friends
and
relatives
to
a
big
dinner.
B．They
shared
their
happiness
with
the
homeless
in
Kilis.
C．They
afforded
the
entire
cost
of
the
day
for
feeding
victims.
D．They
took
photos
with
the
grateful
victims.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段最后一句可知，这对夫妇决定不举办结婚宴，而是在结婚当日为难民分发食物，和他们一起分享结婚的快乐。
3．What
does
the
underlined
word
“approached”
in
Paragraph
2
mean
A．took
in
B．
moved
towards
C．came
across
D．
consulted
with
答案：D 词义猜测题。根据句意可知，他咨询了一个组织的代表并提议……。take
in“吸收；理解”；move
towards“向……移动”；come
across“偶遇”。只有D符合文意。
4．We
can
know
from
the
text
that
________.
A．Kilis
is
a
place
which
lies
in
southeastern
Turkey
B．Ted
was
a
representative
of
the
organization
C．Linda
adopted
the
suggestion
immediately
she
heard
it
D．Michael
doubted
if
more
new
couples
would
follow
him
答案：A 推理判断题。根据首段第一句中“...on
the
border
town
of
Kilis.”以及第三段第二句中的“...in
southeastern
Turkey...”可推断基利斯位于土耳其的东南部，故答案为A。
1．distribute
vt.
分配；分布
2．approach
vt./n.
接洽，要求；方法，途径
3．shocked
adj.
震惊的；震撼的
4．celebration
n.
庆祝
5．hopefully
adv.
有希望地；有前途地
1．suffer
from
遭受
2．take
photographs
with
sb.
与某人合影
B
[2017·衡水中学模拟]A
new
African
language
is
helping
to
reduce
tensions
and
bring
young
people
together
in
areas
previously
torn
apart
by
tribal
(部落)
violence.
And
academics
are
so
impressed
by
the
language's
potential
that
a
social
media
platform
promoting
it
will
form
the
subject
of
a
major
presentation
at
this
year's
eLearning
Africa,
the
continent's
leading
conference
on
technology assisted
learning,
training
and
development.
The
language,
Sheng,
combines
Kiswahili,
English
and
a
number
of
Kenyan
tribal
words,
along
with
a
little
of
Arabic,
Hindu,
French,
German,
Spanish
and
Italian.
It
was
born
on
the
streets
of
Nairobi,
in
some
of
the
areas
hardest
hit
by
the
post election
violence
in
2007 2008.
Now
a
society
in
Kenya.
Go
Sheng,
is
helping
to
celebrate
and
promote
the
language,
which
is
almost
generally
used
by
young
people
so
much
that
it
has
become
the
first
language
of
many
young
Kenyans
in
urban
areas.
The
society
provides
a
platform
for
social
dialogues
for
the
language's
growing
numbers
of
speakers.
In
doing
so,
it
is
giving
voice
to
a
powerful
alternative
culture
in
Kenya
and
celebrating
the
many
tribal
languages
that
contribute
to
Sheng.
In
turn,
this
helps
to
bring
some
welcome
cultural
harmony
and
mutual
(相互)
understanding
to
a
country,
which
has
too
often
been
divided
against
itself
in
the
recent
past.
Go
Sheng
uses
a
variety
of
different
means
to
grow
Sheng
language
and
culture.
Its
most
significant
achievement,
to
date,
has
been
the
development
of
a
Sheng
dictionary,
which
contains
over
3,900
words
and
continues
to
grow
rapidly.
It
functions
as
a
socially
driven
resource,
where
registered
members
can
add
words
or
phrases
which
then
get
voted
for
by
other
members,
before
being
accepted
as
authentic.
Go
Sheng
also
runs
a
website
and
various
social
media
channels,
which
have
an
online
community
of
around
15,000
active
participants.
篇章导读：本文介绍了非洲的一种新语言。该语言结合了现代需要和当地部落中的语言，即将被推广发展和学习。
5．What
does
eLearning
Africa
usually
do
A．Invent
new
African
languages.
B．Promote
language
researches.
C．Develop
technology
learning
and
training.
D．Help
people
learn
and
develop
with
technology.
答案：D 细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句的“...elearning
Africa,
the
continent's
leading
conference
on
technology assisted
learning,
training
and
development...”可知，D正确。
6．What
is
the
most
successful
work
done
by
Go
Sheng
A．Developing
a
Sheng
dictionary.
B．Working
as
a
resource
to
identify
words.
C．Bringing
cultural
harmony
and
better
understanding.
D．Running
a
website
and
various
media
channels.
答案：A 细节理解题。从文章第五段第二句“Its
most
significant
achievement,
to
date,
has
been
the
development
of
a
Sheng
dictionary,
which
contains
over
3,900
words
and
continues
to
grow
rapidly.”可知，它最重要的成就是Sheng
dictionary的开发。故选A。
7．Which
of
the
following
is
true
about
Sheng
A．It
will
still
take
in
new
words
approved
and
accepted
by
voting.
B．It
combines
Kiswahili,
Russian
and
a
number
of
Kenyan
tribal
words.
C．It
was
born
in
some
of
the
areas
hardly
influenced
by
election
violence.
D．It
has
become
the
first
language
of
many
young
Kenyans
in
rural
areas.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第三句中的“...registered
members
can
add
words
or
phrases
which
then
get
voted
for
by
other
members,
before
being
accepted
as
authentic”可知，该语言还将通过投票不断吸收新词。故选A。
8．Where
does
this
text
most
probably
come
from
A．A
science
report.
B．
An
advertisement.
C．A
book
review.
D．
A
magazine
of
culture.
答案：D 推理判断题。从文章整体可以看出，本文是有关语言和文化的。故选D。
1．tension
n.
(情绪上的)紧张；烦躁
2．harmony
n.
融洽；和睦
3．significant
adj.
有重大意义的；显著的
4．registered
adj.
登记的；注册的
5．participant
n.
参与者
1．along
with
除……之外(还)；与……同样地
2．give
voice
to
表露心声；表白心迹
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2017·汉中高三质检]Many
kids
help
out
around
the
house
with
chores
(家庭杂务),
such
as
sweeping
the
floor,
emptying
the
dishwasher,
taking
out
the
trash
and
so
on.
___1___
Paying
kids
for
chores
is
one
of
the
most
hotly
debated
parenting
topics,
especially
at
a
time
where
everyone
is
more
concerned
about
their
finances.
The
logic
behind
tying
allowances
to
chores
is
clear.
___2___
So
they
should
pay
kids
to
do
their
jobs.
___3___
Susie
Walton,
a
parenting
educator
and
family
coach,
believes
that
by
rewarding
kids,
parents
are
sending
a
message
that
work
isn't
worth
doing
unless
you
get
something
in
return.
“Running
any
kind
of
household
is
a
team
effort.”
Susie
said.
“A
home
is
a
living
space
for
everyone
in
the
family.
It's
important
for
kids
to
see
that
we
all
have
responsibilities
in
the
house,
and
that
families
decide
together
how
they
want
their
home
to
look,
and
how
they
are
going
to
keep
it
looking
like
everyone
wants
it
to
look.”
___4___
They
believe
that
getting
a
cash
allowance
or
other
rewards
motivates
kids
to
do
chores,
and
it
also
teaches
them
real
world
lessons
about
how
we
need
to
work
to
earn
money.
“Our
goal
is
to
encourage
kids
to
earn
rewards，”
says
Chris
Bergman,
founder
of
Chore
Monster.
“___5___”
A．Many
people
hold
the
view.
B．In
exchange,
they
get
some
pocket
money
or
other
rewards.
C．Other
people
think
differently.
D．But
some
people
do
not
think
that
kids
should
get
rewards
for
doing
chores.
E．Grown ups
get
paid
to
do
their
jobs.
F．Kids
need
positive
reinforcement
(强化)
to
help
motivate
them.
G．Pay
kids
is
sending
a
bad
message.
篇章导读：针对是否给孩子们提供报酬作为对他们做家务的回报，本文为我们展示了不同的看法。
1．B 根据下文Paying
kids
for
chores可知，这里说家长给孩子们报酬作为做家务的酬劳。此处肯定是关于要奖励孩子的话题。而B选项“In
exchange,
they
get
some
pocket
money
or
other
rewards.
(作为回报，家长给孩子们零花钱或者其他奖励)”符合文意。故选B。
2．E 上文提到给孩子们报酬作为他们做家务的酬劳是有逻辑的，所以E选项“Grown ups
get
paid
to
do
their
jobs
(成人工作可以得到报酬)”，因而他们也应该付钱给做家务的孩子。故选E。
3．D 根据下文苏西·沃尔顿的观点可知，她觉得每个人都是家里的一份子，都有责任做家务，可见她不觉得孩子们应该为做家务得到奖赏，所以D选项“But
some
people
do
not
think
that
kids
should
get
rewards
for
doing
chores.”符合文意。
4．C 下文提到有人觉得报酬可以鼓励孩子做家务，并且教会他们一个事实——我们需要工作赚钱，所以C选项“Other
people
think
differently.
(有些人不这么觉得)”可以承上启下。故选C。
5．F 根据上文Our
goal
is
to
encourage
kids
to
earn
rewards
(我们的目标是鼓励孩子获得奖励)可知，F选项“Kids
need
positive
reinforcement
(强化)
to
help
motivate
them.
(孩子们需要积极的强化去鼓励他们)”能够起到进一步解释说明的作用。故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2017·河北名校联考]I
had
to
visit
my
sister
in
another
town
because
her
husband
was
very
ill.
My
whole
family
couldn't
go
because
school
__1__
(be)
in
session.
My
children
stayed
back
in
their
father's
care,
except
for
the
__2__
(young).
I
was
nervous
taking
a
train
journey
alone
with
my
one－year－old
daughter.
However,
I
gathered
all
my
courage
and
boarded
the
train.
It
was
__3__
(surprise)
that
there
were
only
three
other
passengers
in
that
carriage,
two
old
ladies
and
a
young
man.
My
daughter
was
crying,
missing
her
dad.
I
tried
to
comfort
her,
giving
her
water
and
some
biscuits,
__4__
her
crying
wouldn't
stop.
Just
then
the
young
man
offered
__5__
(take)
my
baby
into
his
arms.
He
stood
with
her
near
the
window
and
started
talking
to
her
in
a
soft
voice.
My
daughter
stopped
crying
__6__
(gradual).
I
was
both
surprised
and
relieved.
__7__
stranger
handed
my
daughter
back
once
she
was
asleep.
During
the
long
train
journey
this
young
man
continuously
helped
me.
He
fed
my
baby,
sang
to
her
and
told
her
countless
__8__
(story).
I
arrived
at
my
destination,
rested
and
grateful
for
this
man
__9__
had
come
to
my
rescue.
After
so
many
years,
I
still
remember
this
stranger
on
the
train
with
a
__10__
(thank)
heart.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文讲述的是作者坐火车去另外一个城镇探望她妹妹时的经历。
1．was 考查动词的时态。根据全文的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。
2．youngest 考查形容词的最高级。结合语境可知，此处表示最小的孩子。
3．surprising 考查词性转换。在系动词后应填形容词，且意为“令人惊讶的”。故填surprising。
4．but 考查连词。结合语境，前后两句之间为转折关系。故填but。
5．to
take 考查固定搭配。offer
to
do
sth.
“主动提出做某事”。故填to
take。
6．gradually 考查词性转换。此处应填副词修饰stopped
crying。
7．The 考查冠词。上文提到过陌生人，因此应填定冠词the表特指。
8．stories 考查名词复数。countless意为“无数的”，在此处修饰名词复数。
9．that/who 考查定语从句。从句中无主语，且先行词为人。故填that/who。
10．thankful 考查词性转换。空格前是a，空格后是名词。故填形容词thankful修饰heart。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
假定你是李华。你将要参加本周六主题为An
Unforgettable
Experience
in
High
School的英语演讲比赛。你写了一篇演讲稿，请外教Jason给予指导。根据下面提示，给他写一封邮件。
1．说明情况；
2．指导内容(词汇、语法、结构等)；
3．回复时间；
4．表达感激。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Jason，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
[标准范文]
Dear_Jason，
I'm
Li
Hua.
I'm
writing
to
ask
you
to
do
me
a
favor.
It's
about
an
English
speech
contest
with
the
title
An
Unforgettable
Experience
in
High
School,
which
I'm
going
to
take
part
in
this
Saturday.
I've
finished
my
draft,
but
I
find
it
still
far
from
satisfactory.
I'm
not
sure
of
the
usage
of
some
words.
There
may
also
be
some
mistakes
in
grammar
and
sentence
structures.
Would
you
be
so
kind
to
spare
some
time
to
check
them
out
and
improve
my
article
If
it's
convenient
to
you,
please
send
it
back
by
Thursday
afternoon.
I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
give
me
your
guidance.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua第一部分教材重点全程攻略
必修1
话题素材——友谊
好词
1.friendly
adj.
友好的
2.generous
adj.
慷慨的；大方的
3.warm hearted
adj.
热心的
4.communicate
vi.
交流
5.treasure
vt.
珍惜
6.have
a
lot
in
common
有许多共同之处
7.help
sb.
out
帮助某人摆脱困境
8.make
friends
with
sb.
和某人交朋友
9.trust
each
other
相互信任
10.be
willing
to
help
others
乐于助人
11.get
along/on
with
与……相处；进展
12.turn
to
sb.
for
help
向某人寻求帮助
13.share
happiness
as
well
as
sorrows
同甘共苦
14.be
concerned
about
关心；担心
15.keep
one's
word/promise
守信用
佳句
1.As
is
known
to
all,
good
friends
add
happiness
and
value
to
life.
众所周知，好朋友会给生活增加快乐，使生活更有意义。
2.With
the
help
of
my
friend,
I
made
such
progress
that
I
was
praised
by
the
teacher.
在朋友的帮助下，我取得了如此大的进步，以致于受到了老师的表扬。
3.It_was
your
help
and
kindness
that
made
my
study
and
life
here
special
and
enjoyable.
正是你的帮助和热心让我在这儿的学习和生活既特别又快乐。
[精美语篇]
We
need
friends
to
offer
us
help,
support
and
encouragement.
With
success
achieved,
we
also
need
friends
to
share
our
joys.
Knowing
how
valuable
friendship
is,
we
should
be
very
careful
in
making
friends.
Real
friends
are
those
who
have
good
character,
superior
ability
and
kindness
of
heart.
Real
friends
can
share
all
our
sorrows
and
double
all
our
joys.
While
making
friends,
we
should
take
care
to
select
those
who
have
such
fine
qualities.
Friendship
means
we
get
supported
and
helped
while
at
the
same
time
supporting
and
helping
our
friends.
We
should
trust
each
other
and
do
our
best
to
lend
a
hand
whenever
in
trouble.
Keep
in
mind
that.
高频单词
1．upset
(adj.)
心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
(vt.)
使不安；使心烦→upset(过去式)→upset
(过去分词)→upsetting
(现在分词)
2．ignore
(vt.)
不理睬；忽视→ignorance
(n.)
无知→ignorant
(adj.)
无知的；不了解的
3．concern
(vt.)
(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
(n.)
担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned
(adj.)
担心的；有关的→concerning
(prep.)
关于；有关
4．entire
(adj.)
整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely
(adv.)
完全地；全然地；整个地
5．settle
(vi.)
安家；定居；停留
(vt.)
使定居；安排；解决→settlement
(n.)
定居；解决→settler(n.)
定居者；移民
6．suffer
(vt.
&
vi.)
遭受；忍受；经历→suffering
(n.)
痛苦；苦难→sufferer
(n.)
患病者；受苦难者
7．power
(n.)
能力；力量；权力→powerful
(adj.)
强大的；强有力的→powerless
(反义词)
(adj.)
无力的；没有能力的；无权力的
8．recover
(vt.
&
vi.)
痊愈；恢复；重新获得→recovery
(n.)
痊愈；恢复；重新获得
9．exactly
(adv.)
确实如此；正是；确切地→exact
(adj.)
确切的；精确的
10．disagree
(vi.)
不同意→agree(反义词)(vi.)
同意→disagreement
(n.)
不同意
重点短语
1．add_up
合计
2．calm_(...)_down
(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来3．be_concerned_about
关心；挂念
4．go_through
经历；经受
5．suffer_from
遭受；患病
6．get/be_tired_of
对……厌烦
7．set_down
记下；放下；登记
8．on_purpose
故意
9．fall_in_love
相爱；爱上
10．join_in
参加；加入
11．have_got_to
不得不；必须
12．no
longer/not...
any
longer
不再……
13．pack_(sth.)_up
将(东西)装箱打包14．in_order_to
为了
15．a_series_of
一连串的；一系列；一套
热点句型
1．状语从句的省略：while＋分词结构“当……的时候”
While_walking_the_dog
(在遛狗时)，you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.(教材P1)
2．before
引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之后才”，有时也可理解为“还没等……就……”
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty five
months
before_they_were_discovered
(他们才被发现)．(教材P2)
3．It
is...
that/who...
强调句型
I
wonder
if
it's_because_I_haven't_been_able_to_be_outdoors_
for_so_long_that
(是因为我长久无法出门的缘故)I've
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.(教材P2)
4．There
was
a
time
when...
“曾经有段时间……”，此处when引导的是定语从句，可记作固定句式
I
can
well
remember
that
there_was_a_time_when(有段时光)
a
deep
blue
sky,
the
song
of
the
birds,
moonlight
and
flowers
could
never
have
kept
me
spellbound.(教材P2)
5．It/This/That
is/was
the
first
time
that...
“这/那是某人第一次做某事”，此结构中的从句部分要用完成时
It_was_the_first_time
(这是第一次)in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I'd_seen
(我目睹了)the
night
face
to
face...(教材P2)
6．“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构
Mother
asked
her
if/whether
she
was
very
hot
with_so_many_clothes_on
(穿着这么多衣服)．(教材P5)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Add
up
your
score
________
see
how
many
points
you
get.
答案：and
2．Are
you
afraid
that
your
friend
would
laugh________
you,
or
would
not
understand
________you
are
going
through
答案：at;
what
3．That's
changed
________I
came
here.
答案：since
4．I
stayed
awake
________
purpose
until
half
past
eleven
in
order
________
(have)
a
good
look
at
the
moon
by
myself.
答案：on;
to
have
5．Another
time,
five
months
ago,
I
________
(happen)
to
be
upstairs
at
dusk.
答案：happened
6．The
dark,
rainy
evening,
the
wind,
the
thundering
clouds
held
me
________
(entire)
in
their
power.
答案：entirely
7．I
am
only
able
to
look
at
nature
through
dirty
curtains
________(hang)
before
very
dusty
window.
答案：hanging
8．It's
no
pleasure
________
(look)
through
these
any
longer
because
nature
is
one
thing
________
really
must
be
experienced.
答案：looking;
that
9．I
am
having
some
trouble
________
my
classmates
at
the
moment.
答案：with
10．Although
I
try
to
talk
to
my
classmates,
I
still
find
________
hard
to
make
good
friends
with
them.
答案：it
1 upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打乱(计划)等
Your
friend
comes
to
school
very
upset.(P1)
你的朋友来上学时心很烦。
归纳拓展
(1)be
upset
about/over/at
sth.
为某事烦心
be
upset
to_do
sth.
对做某事感到心烦
be
upset
that...
……让人不安/心烦
(2)upset
sb./sth.
使人心烦/打翻某物
upset
oneself
about
sth.
为某事而烦恼
It
upsets
sb.
that...
让某人心烦的是……
upset
one's
stomach
使(肠胃)不适
名师点睛
1 upset为表语形容词，通常不用作定语。
2 upset的过去式和过去分词形式为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。
语境助记
①She
was
upset
to_know
that
her
application
for
the
position
was
refused.
得知她对这个职位的申请遭到拒绝，她感到很沮丧。
②[牛津高阶]Don't
upset
yourself
about
it—let's
just
forget
it
ever
happened.
不要为那件事烦恼——咱们就只当它没发生过。
③It_upsets_him
that
nobody
had
bothered
to
tell
him
about
the
news.
让他不高兴的是没有人把这个消息告诉他。
④[牛津高阶]He
arrived
an
hour
late
and
upset_all_our_arrangements.
他迟到了一个小时，把我们的一切安排都打乱了。
图解助记
⑤[一言辨异]The
flies
kept
upsetting
Xiao
Li
when
he
was
doing
his
homework.
He
was
so
upset
that
he
upset
the
cup
on
the
desk.
小李做作业的时候，几只苍蝇一直打扰他。他非常心烦意乱，结果打翻了桌子上的杯子。
2 calm vt.
&
vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
You
will
ignore
the
bell
and
go
somewhere
quiet
to
calm
your
friend
down.(P1)
你将不理会上课铃声，去一个安静的地方让你的朋友平静下来。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①He
took
a
few
deep
breaths
to
calm_himself_down.
他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
②[牛津高阶]It's
important
to
keep/remain/stay_calm
in
an
emergency.
情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。
③“I'll
call
the
doctor，”
he
said_calmly.
“我去请医生。”他镇定地说。
易混辨析
calm
平静的，沉着的；指无风浪或人的心情不激动
quiet
宁静的，安静的；指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑
silent
寂静的，沉默的；指不说话或没有声音
still
静止的，不动的；指(人体等)无运动的
图解助记
④[一言辨异]When
facing
danger,
one
should
keep
calm;_when
taken
photos,
one
should
keep
still;_when
someone
else
is
asleep,
one
should
keep
quiet;_in
class,
one
shouldn't
keep
silent
about
the
teacher's
questions.
当面对危险时，要保持冷静；照像时，要保持不动；其他人睡觉时要保持安静；而在课上，不应该对老师的问题保持沉默。
3 concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系
Tell
your
friend
that
you
are
concerned
about
him/her
and
you
will
meet
after
class
and
talk
then.(P1)
告诉你的朋友你很关心他(她)，下课后你们会见面交谈。
归纳拓展
(1)concern
oneself
about/with对……表示关心
(2)concerned
adj.担心的；关注的
be
concerned
about/for
sth.担心……；关心……
be
concerned
with与……有关；涉及
as/so
far
as...be
concerned
就……而言；依……之见
(3)concerning
prep.有关；关于
名师点睛
concerned作形容词充当前置定语时，意为“关心的，挂念的，担心的”；如果要表示“相关的，有关的”，作定语要后置。例如：a
concerned
look关切的神色；the
authorities
concerned有关当局。
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Others
are
concerned
about/for
using
gardening
methods
that
require
less
water
and
fewer
fertilizers.
其他人都关注用水和肥料较少的园艺方法。
②[牛津高阶]This
chapter
concerns
itself
with
the
historical
background.
本章旨在讲述历史背景。
③He
asked
several
questions
concerning
the
future
of
the
company.
他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
④As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it
can
also
be
a
sharing
experience
when
the
same
book
is
being
appreciated.
就我个人而言，赏读同一本书也是一次共同分享的经历。
[联想] as/so
far
as
sb.
be
concerned的同义表达：
①in
one's
opinion/view
②from
one's
point
of
view
③personally
(speaking)
4 suffer vt.&
vi.遭受；忍受；经历
She
suffered
from
loneliness,
but
she
had
to
learn
to
like
it
there.(P4)
她受到了孤独的折磨，但她得学会喜欢住在那里。
归纳拓展
(1)suffer
pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship
遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫穷/饥饿/苦难
suffer
from...受……折磨，受……之苦；患病
(2)suffering
n.
[U](指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦，疼痛，困难
[C]痛苦，苦恼的事
sufferer
n.
患病者；受苦者；受难者
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]She
suffered
a
lot
of
defeats
at
the
previous
track
meets.
在以前的田径比赛中，她遭受了很多的失败。
②[牛津高阶]Many
companies
are
suffering_from
a
shortage
of
skilled
staff.
许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。
③The
old
man
is
said
to
have
gone
through
varieties
of
sufferings
during
the
war.
据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。
④She
received
many
letters
of
support
from
fellow
sufferers.
她收到了许多有过共同遭遇的人的支持的信件。
图解助记
5 recover vt.&
vi.痊愈；恢复；重新获得
How
can
Linda
recover
from
her
illness
in
this
room
when
it's
so
dirty
and
dusty？(P4)
在这样脏的、布满灰尘的房间里，琳达的病怎么会好呢？
归纳拓展
(1)recover
sth.找回某物；恢复(能力、健康等)
recover
from
sth.从……中恢复
recover
oneself恢复知觉；重新控制
(2)recovery
n．恢复健康；重新获得
make
a
recovery
from...
从……中恢复
语境助记
①The
police
eventually
recovered
the
stolen
paintings
stored
in
the
Palace
Museum.
警方最终追回了储藏在故宫博物院被盗的油画。
②[牛津高阶]He
is
still
recovering
from
his
operation.
手术后，他仍在恢复之中。
③She
seemed
upset
but
quickly
recovered_herself.
她显得心烦意乱，但很快就静下心来了。
④He
made
a
quick
recovery_from
his
illness
and
was
soon
back
at
work.
他生病后康复得很快，不久就去上班了。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Light
is
a
________
(power)
biological
force,
and
on
many
species
it
acts
as
a
magnet.
答案：powerful 考查形容词。powerful“强大的；有影响力的”，此处用来修饰名词短语biological
force。
2．Since
her
mother
left
home,
the
room
has
become
untidy
and
________
(dust)．
答案：dusty 考查形容词。dusty“积满灰尘的”，与untidy并列，在句中作表语。
3．________(concern)
about
the
student,
the
teacher
called
his
parents
to
find
out
why
he
was
so
often
absent
from
class.
答案：Concerned 考查非谓语动词作状语。be
concerned
about“关心；担心”，此处省略be动词，在句中作状语。虽然是过去分词形式，但不表被动，表状态，故填Concerned。
4．One
of
the
most
important
factors
that
influenced
their
satisfactions
as
volunteers
was
the
amount
of
________(suffer)
they
experienced
in
their
volunteer
positions.
答案：suffering 考查词形转换。根据空格处所缺成分为介词宾语可知，应填suffer的名词。
5．________
(ignore)
the
difference
between
the
two
research
findings
will
be
one
of
the
worst
mistakes
you
make.
答案：Ignoring 考查动名词作主语。句子缺少主语，因此用动名词作主语。
6．There
is
no
sense
________
(upset)
yourself
about
it
now.
Look
forward
and
everything
will
be
all
right.
答案：upsetting 考查固定结构。There
is
no
sense
doing
sth.
“做某事无意义”。
7．—Have
you
finished
your
experiment
report,
Jane
—Oh,
my
God.
I've
________
(entire)
forgotten
all
about
that.
答案：entirely 考查副词。entirely“完全地”，在此处修饰动词forgotten。
8．They
________(agree)
to
my
proposal
at
the
beginning,
but
I
persuaded
them
finally.
答案：disagreed 考查词形转换。根据语意可知，此处意为“不同意”，且时态与persuaded一致，故应填disagreed。
9．There
is
much
chance
that
Jenny
will
recover
________his
injury
in
time
for
the
race.
答案：from 考查固定短语。recover
from意为“从……中恢复过来”。
10．With
many
problems
________(settle),
the
newly elected
chairman
is
having
a
hard
time.
答案：to
settle 考查with复合结构。根据语意可知，此处表示问题还未解决，且with意为“有”，故用不定式的主动形式表被动。
1 add
up
合计；加起来
Add
up
your
score
and
see
how
many
points
you
get.(P1)
把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。
归纳拓展
(1)add
sth.
to
sth.把……加到/进……里
add
up_to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add
to增加；增添
(2)add
that...补充说……
(3)addition
n.
加；(数)加法；增加
in
addition另外；此外(还有)
in
addition
to
除……之外
语境助记
①Add_up
all
the
money
I
owe
you.
把我欠你的钱都加在一起。
②Please
add_some_sugar_to
the
milk
to
make
it
more
delicious.
请在牛奶里加些糖使牛奶更美味。
③The
heavy
rain
added_to
the
difficulty
in
rescuing
the
buried
people.
大雨增加了营救被埋人员的困难。
④The
official
expressed
great
concern
over
the
food
safety,
adding_that
the
government
would
take
more
measures
to
prevent
such
a
case
happening
again.
这位官员表达了对食品安全的极大关心，补充说政府将会采取更多措施阻止这样的事情再次发生。
⑤[牛津高阶]In_addition_to
these
arrangements,
extra
ambulances
will
be
on
duty
until
midnight.
除了这些安排外，另增救护车将会值班至午夜。
图解助记
2 go
through
经历；完成；仔细检查；通过
Or
are
you
afraid
that
your
friend
would
laugh
at
you,
or
would
not
understand
what
you
are
going
through？(P2)
或者害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正经历的事情？
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]I'd
be
very
grateful
if
you
could
take
some
time
to
go_through
my
resume
and
make
necessary
changes.
如果你能花时间仔细看看我的简历并作出一些必要的修改的话，我将会非常感激。
②写出下列句子中go
through的含义
a．Not
until
he
went
through
real
hardship
did
he
realize
the
love
we
have
for
our
families
is
important.经历
b．I
always
start
the
day
by
going
through
my
mail.仔细检查
c．The
boy
went
through
two
whole
loaves
of
bread.用光；耗尽
d．We
went
through
two
caves,
an
extremely
unusual
part
of
the
journey.通过；穿过
③用适当的介词或副词填空
a．The
country
has
gone
through
too
many
wars
since
the
ancient
times.
b．Things
will
get
easier
as
time
goes
by.
c．Go
over
your
work
before
you
hand
it
in.
d．You
shouldn't
buy
houses
because
their
price
is
going
up.
e．Human
beings
shouldn't
go
against
nature
to
live.
3get
along/on
with
与(某人)相处；(某事)进展(如何)
I'm
getting
along
well
with
a
boy
in
my
class.(P6)
我跟我们班的一个男生相处得很好。
归纳拓展
get
across
讲明白；被理解
get
away_with
做坏事而不受罚
get
over
克服
get
into
进入；染上
get
down_to
开始认真做……
get
through
(电话)接通；用完；通过
语境助记
①As
an
out－going
girl,
I
get_along_well_with
my
classmates.
作为一个开朗的女孩，我与同学们相处得很融洽。
②Believe
in
yourself
and
you
will
get_over
the
difficulty.
相信你自己，你会克服困难的。
③He's
not
very
good
at
getting
his
idea
across.
他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。
④The
headmaster
wouldn't
have
students
getting_away_with
cheating
in
the
exam.
校长绝不允许学生考试中作弊而不受惩罚。
⑤[牛津高阶]It's
time
I
got_down_to
thinking
about
that
essay.
我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。
⑥Don't
let
yourself
get_into
bad
habits.
不要让你自己染上坏习惯了。
4 set
down
记下；放下；登记
I
don't
want
to
set
down
a
series
of
facts
in
a
diary
as
most
people
do,
but
I
want
this
diary
itself
to
be
my
friend,
and
I
shall
call
my
friend
Kitty.(P2)
我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把这个朋友称作基蒂。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]We
can
set_out
early
so
that
we'll
have
more
time
to
read
and
select
books.
我们可以早动身，这样我们就会有更多时间来阅读和挑选书了。
②[牛津高阶]She
tries
to
set_aside
some
money
every
month.
她每个月都尽量存点钱。
③A
gang
of
boys
were
setting_off
fireworks
in
the
street.
一帮男孩正在街上放烟火。
④From
a
long term
point
of
view,
it
is
time
for
us
to
set_about
solving
this
problem.
从长远看，到了我们着手解决这个问题的时候了。
⑤The
police
set_up
roadblocks
on
routes
out
of
the
city.
警察在城外的路上设置了路障。
⑥Please
set
your
feelings
down
on
paper.
请把你的感想写在纸上。
过关演练
选词填空
add
up
to；
set
down；
be
tired
of；
get
along
with；
a
series
of；
be
in
love
with；
pack
up；
on
purpose；
come
to
power；
calm
down
1．[牛津高阶]She
________
hearing
about
their
trip
to
India.
答案：was
tired
of
2．Jack's
been
really
annoying
me
and
I
think
he's
doing
it
________.
答案：on
purpose
3．They
________each
other
for
many
years
before
they
got
married.
答案：had
been
in
love
with4．The
government
has
taken
________
measures
to
stop
house
prices
from
rising
sharply.
答案：a
series
of
5．The
boys
find
it
hard
to
________
Tom,
because
he
always
argues
with
them
over
little
things.
答案：get
along
with
6．The
money
she
spends
on
clothes
a
month
________
1,000
yuan.
答案：adds
up
to
7．Whenever
I
feel
upset,
I
will
try
to
________
myself.
答案：calm
down
8．When
the
new
ruler
________，
he
made
peace
with
all
his
former
enemies.
答案：came
to
power
9．Having
had
breakfast,
he
settled
down
to
________
his
things.
答案：packing
up
10．The
train
will
stop
at
the
next
station
to
________
many
passengers.
答案：set
down
1 While_walking_the_dog,_you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.(P1)
遛狗时你不小心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。
归纳拓展
句中while
walking
the
dog是一个省略句，补全后为：while
you
were
walking
the
dog。
省略句的条件
①when,
while,
before,
after,
unless,
if,
as
if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it
②状语从句谓语中含有be动词
省略句的形式
省略从句中的主语和be动词
名师点睛
解答该考点的题时，主要判断所考动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系，它们是主动关系时，通常填doing形式；它们是被动关系时，通常填done形式。
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]When
(you_are)_buying
fish,
you
should
first
smell
it.
在买鱼的时候，你应该先闻一闻。
②[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]She
gave
me
a
comforting
smile,
nodded
while
(she
was)
listening
patiently,
and
then
printed
out
the
ticket
immediately.
她安慰地朝我笑了笑，耐心地边听我说边点头，然后很快地打印出了机票。
③[2016·江苏高考]Firstly,
people
may
feel
forced
when
(they
are)
asked
to
do
things
that
they
don't
want
to.
首先，人们在被要求做他们不想做的事情时会有压力感。
④[新英汉大词典]If
(it_is)_possible,_I'll
go
to
see
my
grandparents
this
weekend.
如果可能的话，这周末我要去看我的祖父母。
2 I
wonder
if
it's_because
I
haven't
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I've
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.(P2)
我不知道这是否是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
归纳拓展
强调句型的结构
基本句式
It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
一般疑问句
Is/Was
it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分？
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词＋is/was
it＋that＋句子其他成分？
not...until句型的强调句
It
is/was
not
until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分
名师点睛
在考查强调句型结构时，经常与其他从句混合考查，因此要分析句型结构，判断是否是强调句型中的that之后再确认答案。例如：It
is
on
the
farm
where
we
worked
together
that
we
got
to
know
each
other.
分析：第一个黑体字处考查定语从句的连接词where，修饰farm，在从句中作状语，考生会误以为此处填that；其实第二个黑体字处才是强调句型中的that。
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.
It_is
at
the
hotel
that
the
coach
picks
up
tourists.
你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接游客的。
②It_was
when
we
were
returning
home
that
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
当我们返回家的时候，我才意识到帮助身处困境的人的感觉真好。
③It_was
not
until
near
the
end
of
the
letter
that
she
mentioned
her
own
plan.
直到信的末尾，她才提到她自己的计划。
④People
all
over
the
world
wondered
what
it_was_that
resulted
in
the
terrible
accident.
全世界的人们都想知道是什么导致这次可怕的意外事故。
3 ...it_was_the_first_time
in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I'd
seen
the
night
face
to
face...(P2)
……这是我一年半以来第一次面对面地凝望这个夜晚……
归纳拓展
名师点睛
It
is
(high/about)
time
(that)．..与以上句型有相似之处，但从句中谓语动词的形式不同。
It
is
(high/about)
time
that
从句谓语用did或should
do。例如：
It's
high
time
that
we
should
make
full
use
of
every
minute
to
learn
English.
→It's
high
time
that
we
made
full
use
of
every
minute
to
learn
English.
语境助记
①That
was
the
first
time
that
Dad
had_counted/depended/relied
on
me
in
a
moment
of
emergency.
那是父亲第一次在紧急时刻依靠我。
②[牛津高阶]It's
about
time
you
cleaned_your_room.
你该打扫自己的房间了。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2016·天津高考]When
________
(walk)
down
the
street,
I
came
across
David,
whom
I
hadn't
seen
for
years.
答案：walking 考查“when＋非谓语动词”结构。其中walk与I
之间为主动关系，故填walking。
2．[2016·江苏高考]A
third
reason
is
that
social
intelligence
develops
in
children
before
their
general
cognitive
(认知的)
skills,
at
least
when
________
(compare)
with
chimps.
答案：compared 考查“when＋非谓语动词”结构。其中compare与social
intelligence之间为被动关系，故填compared。
3．It
was
the
second
time
that
a
female
________(elect)
Prime
Minister
in
that
country.
答案：had
been
elected 考查固定句式中的时态。主句中用was，从句应用过去完成时态，且female与elect之间为被动关系，故填had
been
elected。
4．On
the
contrary,
I
think
it
is
Truman,
rather
than
you,
that
________
(be)
to
blame.
答案：is 考查主谓一致。此句套用强调句型，强调主语，且主语由rather
than连接，根据主谓一致原则和整句时态可知，此处填is。
5．There
is
only
one
more
day
to
go
________
your
favourite
music
group
play
live.
答案：before 考查连词用法。句意：还有一天多时间，你最喜欢的乐队就要现场表演了。根据句意可知，用before。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．[2016·浙江高考]________
not
that
children
are
little
scientists
but
________
scientists
are
big
children.
并不是孩子们是小科学家而是科学家们是大孩子。
答案：It
is;
that
2．______________
I
got
tired
of
studying
maths.
有一段时间我厌倦了学数学。
答案：There
was
a
time
when
3．__________________
words
and
expressions
before
examination.
我觉得在考试之前复习一下词汇和短语是有必要的。
答案：I
think
it
necessary
to
go
over
4．The
old
couple
often
take
a
walk
after
supper
in
the
park
with
their
pet
dog
____________.这对老夫妇经常晚饭后在公园散步，他们的宠物狗跟着他们。
答案：following
them
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)
陈述句的间接引语
直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，多数情况下都构成一个由that
引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省去)，引述动词通常是say，tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应地有所变化。
She
said
to
her
son,
“I'll
check
your
homework
tonight.”
→She
said
to
her
son
that
she
would
check
his
homework
that
night.
疑问句的间接引语
1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句
一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if或whether，其主句动词常用ask,
wonder,
want
to
know,
didn't
know等。句末用句号。
My
teacher
asked
me，“Do
you
like
American
country
music？”
→My
teacher
asked
if/whether
I
liked
American
country
music.
2．否定的一般疑问句和选择疑问句
如果直接引语为否定的一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，用whether...or连接。
She
said，“Don't
you
know
my
telephone
number？”
→She
asked
me
whether
I
knew
her
telephone
number
or
not.
过关演练
句型转换
1．An
English
teacher
asked
his
students,
“Are
you
interested
in
my
lessons？”
→An
English
teacher
asked
his
students
______________
were
interested
in
________
lessons.
答案：if/whether
they;
his
2．The
girl
said
to
me,
“I
have
left
my
book
in
your
room.”
→The
girl
told
me
that
she
________
her
book
in
my
room.
答案：had
left
3．He
said
to
me,
“What's
your
name？”
→He
asked
me
________
my
name
________.
答案：what;
was
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
[2017·辽宁葫芦岛六校联合月考]I
wouldn't
have
picked
up
that
dusty
card
without
seeing
those
big
words:
DON'T
FORGET.
I
was
__1__.
Don't
forget
what
Under
the
words
were
three
numbered
items.
1.Snow
peas.
2.Shakespeare.
3.Sadira
Kirmani.
What
was
my
name
doing
on
someone's
list
Yesterday
was
my
first
day
here.
Since
Mrs
Allison
__2__
me,
nobody
except
the
boy
with
glasses
spoke
to
me
and
asked
if
he
could
have
my
cake
at
lunch.
I
tried
to
__3__
on
the
lessons,
but
my
mind
went
__4__.
Snow
peas,
Shakespeare,
and
me
“Sadira.”
I
__5__
when
Mrs
Allison
called
my
name.
“It's
time
to
line
up
for
__6__.”
As
I
moved
through
the
line,
I
heard
a
girl
with
braces
ask,
“What's
that？”，
__7__
at
a
pan.
“Snow
peas，”
the
lady
answered.
“I'll
try
some
snow
peas，”
the
boy
behind
me
__8__.
Snow
peas!
Number
1
on
the
list.
After
lunch,
Mrs
Allison
__9__
that
it
was
“rhyme
time”.
The
boy
who'd
asked
for
snow
peas
stood
up.
“OK,
Wyatt.”
Mrs
Allison
nodded.
“‘To
be
or
not
to
be...’”Wyatt
began.
When
he
__10__，
Mrs
Allison
added,
“Shakespeare
wrote
sonnets,
a
special
kind
of
__11__.”
Shakespeare
Number
2
on
the
list.
I
started
to
__12__，wondering
what
would
happen
next.
After
school,
I
sat
alone
on
the
bus.
It
was
quite
a
while
before
I
__13__
Wyatt.
He
smiled
in
a
__14__
way,
saying
“I
wanted
to
talk
to
you.
I
almost
forgot.”
“Forgot
what？”
“You're
Number
3
on
my
list.”
So
now
I
__15__
what
was
going
on.
“My
mom's
__16__.
I'm
supposed
to
try
three
new
things
every
day.”
continued
Wyatt.
That
night,
I
made
my
own
__17__.
1.Try
the
spinach
quiche.
2.Offer
my
__18__
to
the
boy
with
glasses.3.Say
__19__
to
the
girl
with
braces.
Then
I
smiled
before
adding
one
more
__20__：
Thank
Wyatt.
篇章导读：本文讲述作者遭遇到转学后的一件事，使作者学会了如何让自己每天尝试三件“新”事。
1．A.enthusiastic
B．grateful
C．curious
D．
optimistic
答案：C 根据下文一系列的问题，可推知作者感到很好奇。
2．A.introduced
B．
encouraged
C．recommended
D．
dismissed
答案：A 根据上文“Yesterday
was
my
first
day
here.”可知，艾利森夫人是介绍“我”。
3．A.bring
B．carry C．rely D．concentrate
答案：D 根据上文作者的遭遇，4空前but引出的转折以及下文中的问题“Snow
peas,
Shakespeare,
and
me？”可知，此处表示作者想集中注意力。
4．A.weak
B．
blank
C．excited
D．
pale
答案：B 根据3题的分析可推知，此处表示大脑一片空白。
5．A.shouted
B．
laughed
C．jumped
D．
greeted
答案：C 由于上文提到作者注意力不集中，所以老师喊到他名字的时候，他的反应应该是跳起来(jump)。
6．A.class
B．
supper
C．sports
D．
lunch
答案：D 根据第四段首句中的After
lunch可知，大家排队去吃午饭。
7．A.pointing
B．
glaring
C．knocking
D．
coming
答案：A 根据当时的情景可推知，女孩儿指着锅问。故填pointing。
8．A.worked
out
B．
checked
out
C．shouted
out
D．
figured
out
答案：C 根据“I'll
try
some
snow
peas”可知，后面的男孩应该在大喊。
9．A.predicted
B．
announced
C．responded
D．
reported
答案：B 根据语境可知，吃完午饭后，艾利森夫人应是宣布下午上什么课。
10．A.finished
B．
copied
C．prepared
D．
returned
答案：A 根据上文“To
be
or
not
to
be...”可知，Wyatt
开始背诗，此处应是背完之后。故填A。
11．A.theatre
B．
novel
C．article
D．
poetry
答案：D 根据“it
was
‘rhyme
time’．”以及sonnets(十四行诗)可知，应选D项。
12．A.disappoint
B．
panic
C．calm
D．
annoy
答案：B 到此，卡片上的“Snow
peas.”与“Shakespeare.”已经出现，作者想到的是马上应该是有事发生在他身上。故作者有些惊慌。
13．A.knew
B．
remembered
C．understood
D．
noticed
答案：D 根据下文“He
smiled
in
a
__14__
way,
saying...”可知，在放学路上作者遇到了Wyatt。根据上文“I
sat
alone
on
the
bus.
It
was
quite
a
while
before...”可知作者开始没“注意”到Wyatt。
14．A.strict
B．
friendly
C．sad
D.voluntary
答案：B 根据smiled可知，怀亚特是用友好的方式与作者说话。
15．A.pointed
out
B．
referred
to
C．found
out
D．
appealed
to
答案：C 根据上文介绍的语境可知，此处表示作者弄明白了发生了什么事，再结合下文作者的同学说的话，可知答案选C。
16．A.idea
B．
invitation
C．command
D．
preference
答案：A 根据下文中“I'm
supposed
to
try
three
new
things
every
day.”可知，此处表示的是怀亚特的妈妈的想法。
17．A.meal
B．
list
C．rhyme
D.cake
答案：B 根据本文讲述的主题可知，作者也学着列单子让自己尝试新事物。
18．A.card
B．
peas
C．dessert
D．
homework
答案：C 由3空前的“...asked
if
he
could
have
my
cake
at
lunch.”可知，此处用dessert“甜品”。
19．A.please
B．
sorry
C．goodbye
D．
hello
答案：D say
hello
to
sb.表示“与某人打招呼”。
20．A.number
B．
entry
C．person
D．
word
答案：B entry此处表示“词条”，与第一段中的items相呼应。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·华南师大附中模拟]Jack
looked
up
and
saw
in
the
distance
red
and
green
navigation
lights
coming
towards
them
and
knew
it
must
be
a
naval
patrol
(巡逻)
boat
because
of
its
speed.
As
the
humming
of
the
boat's
powerful
engines
drew
closer,
Jack
bent
down.
Jack
then
let
out
a
frightened
cry
as
the
brilliant
beam
of
a
searchlight
broke
the
darkness
and
swept
the
fishing
boat
from
head
to
tail.
By
its
reflected
light,
Jack
could
clearly
see
the
similar
looks
on
the
faces
of
other
bent
ones.
Jack
knew
that
if
the
patrol
boat
came
close
enough,
its
men
would
surely
see
the
people
hidden
in
the
fishing
boat.
To
collect
himself,
he
leaned
his
head
a
little
so
that
he
could
see
Derek
standing
in
the
head
of
the
boat,
holding
the
tiller
(舵柄).
Derek
managed
to
wave
back
at
the
patrol
boat
as
if
he
had
not
a
care
in
the
world.
How
imperturbable
he
was!
Someone
on
board
the
patrol
boat
switched
on
a
loud
speaker
and
a
voice,
made
harsh
and
thin
by
its
horn,
demanded,
“Where
are
you
bound？”
Derek
shrugged
and
shouted
back,
“Tell
me
where
the
fish
run
and
I'll
tell
you
where
I
am
bound.”
The
noise
of
idling
engines
drowned
his
voice.
“Say
again！”
barked
the
speaker.
“Anywhere
where
there's
fish！”Derek
shouted
back.
There
was
a
pause.
The
boats
drifted
closer
to
each
other.
“Why
aren't
you
showing
navigation
lights？”
Jack
watched
as
Derek
pretended
to
look
puzzled
and
leant
out
over
the
side
as
if
to
see
whether
they
said
were
true.
“They
must
have
blown
out，”
he
apologized
with
a
shrug.
“I'll
light
them
again
as
soon
as
you
stop
rocking
me
about
like
this.”
Aboard
the
patrol
boat,
the
captain
was
wondering
if
it
would
be
worthwhile
searching
this
old
fishing
boat
for
stowaways
and
how
many
breathing
souls
such
a
shabby
boat
could
hide.
The
radio
suddenly
cackled.
Abruptly,
without
another
word
being
exchanged,
the
light
went
out
and
the
patrol
boat
started
its
engines,
speeding
off
into
the
dark,
leaving
the
fishing
boat
floating
about
in
the
water.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了勇敢而机智的德里克是如何成功掩护杰克和藏在渔船上的其他人躲过巡逻艇的检查的故事。
1．Jack
let
out
a
scared
cry
because
he
________.
A．saw
something
in
the
sea
B．was
afraid
of
being
discovered
C．was
blinded
by
the
bright
lights
D．was
scared
by
the
faces
of
companions
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，由于害怕被巡逻艇发现，杰克发出一声惊叫。故B项正确。
2．The
patrol
boat
captain
did
not
search
the
fishing
boat
as
he
________.
A．didn't
find
it
worthwhile
B．trusted
Derek
very
much
C．was
called
to
another
place
via
the
radio
D．looked
down
upon
the
shabby
old
fishing
boat
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，巡逻艇没有搜查渔船是因为那时无线电收发报机突然响了，船长被叫到了另外的地方。故C项正确。
3．The
underlined
word
“imperturbable”
in
the
passage
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“________”．
A．calm
B．
anxious
C．nervous
D．
sociable
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据第三段第三句可知，面对巡逻艇的检查，德里克毫不介意，十分平静；据此可推知，画线词意为“冷静的，平静的”。故A项正确。
4．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage
A．The
captain
was
suspicious
of
what
Derek
told
him.
B．Derek
succeeded
in
covering
up
for
Jack
and
the
others
on
the
boat.
C．The
patrol
boat
approached
the
fishing
boat
to
inspect
illegal
goods.
D．Derek
didn't
realize
that
Jack
and
others
were
hiding
in
the
fishing
boat.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句并结合上文内容可知，巡逻艇最终开走了，没有检查渔船；据此可知，德里克成功地掩护了躲在船上的人。故B项正确。
温馨提示：阅读理解中标注的W部分为重点单词，标注的P部分为重点短语。旨在通过此栏目的练习，帮助学生夯实基础，做到厚积薄发。
1．navigation
n.
航行；航海
2．brilliant
adj.
明亮的；闪耀的
3．lean
v.
前俯；倾斜
4．shrug
v.
耸肩
5．drift
vi.
漂流；飘移
1．manage
to
do
sth.
设法做成某事(尤指困难的事)
2．go
out
(火或灯光)熄灭
[2017·银川一中月考]Who's
in
control
of
your
life
Who
is
pulling
your
string
For
the
majority
of
us,
it's
other
people—society,
colleagues,
friends,
family
or
our
religious
community.
We
learned
this
way
of
operating
when
we
were
very
young,
of
course.
We
were
brainwashed.
We
discovered
that
feeling
important
and
feeling
accepted
was
a
nice
experience
and
so
we
learned
to
do
everything
we
could
to
make
other
people
like
us.
As
Oscar
Wilde
puts
it,
“Most
people
are
other
people.
Their
thoughts
are
someone
else's
opinions,
their
lives
a
mimicry
(模仿),
their
passions
a
quotation.”
So
when
people
tell
us
how
wonderful
we
are,
it
makes
us
feel
good.
We
long
for
this
good
feeling
like
a
drug.
Therefore,
we
are
so
eager
for
the
approval
of
others
that
we
live
unhappy
and
limited
lives,
failing
to
do
the
things
we
really
want
to.
Just
as
drug
addicts
and
alcoholics
live
worsened
lives
to
keep
getting
their
fix
(一剂毒品).
We
worsen
our
own
existence
to
get
our
own
constant
fix
of
approval.
But,
just
as
with
any
drug,
there
is
a
price
to
pay.
The
price
of
the
approval
drug
is
freedom—the
freedom
to
be
ourselves.
The
truth
is
that
we
cannot
control
what
other
people
think.
People
have
their
own
agenda,
and
they
come
with
their
own
baggage
and,
in
the
end,
they're
more
interested
in
themselves
than
in
you.
Furthermore,
if
we
try
to
live
by
the
opinions
of
others,
we
will
build
our
life
on
sinking
sand.
Everyone
has
a
different
way
of
thinking,
and
people
change
their
opinions
all
the
time.
The
person
who
tries
to
please
everyone
will
only
end
up
getting
exhausted
and
probably
pleasing
no
one
in
the
process.
So
how
can
we
take
back
control
I
think
there's
only
one
way—make
a
conscious
decision
to
stop
caring
what
other
people
think.
We
should
guide
ourselves
by
means
of
a
set
of
values－not
values
imposed
(强加)
from
the
outside
by
others,
but
innate
values
which
come
from
within.
If
we
are
driven
by
these
values
and
not
by
the
changing
opinions
and
value
systems
of
others,
we
will
live
a
more
authentic,
effective,
purposeful
and
happy
life.
篇章导读：本文讲述的是一种社会现象：我们如此在意他人对我们的看法，以致于使我们的生活被他人所控制。文章剖析了这种现象的起因，并对如何解除这种控制提出了相应的建议。
5．What
Oscar
Wilde
says
implies
that
________.
A．most
people's
thoughts
are
controlled
by
others
B．most
people
have
a
variety
of
thoughts
C．we
have
thoughts
similar
to
those
of
others
D．other
people's
thoughts
are
more
important
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段开始所提的问题以及列举的一些实际现象可知，本文讲的话题是他人控制我们的生活，并引用奥斯卡·珎德的话来证实这一现象。
6．What
does
the
author
try
to
argue
in
the
third
paragraph
A．We
need
to
pay
for
what
we
want
to
get.
B．Changing
opinions
may
cost
us
our
freedom.
C．We
may
lose
ourselves
to
please
others.
D．The
price
of
taking
drugs
is
freedom.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The
person
who
tries
to
please
everyone
will
only
end
up
getting
exhausted
and...”可知，取悦他人最终会使我们筋疲力尽、迷失自我。故选C。
7．In
order
to
live
a
happy,
effective
and
purposeful
life,
we
should
________.
A．care
about
others'
opinions
and
change
opinions
all
the
time
B．guide
ourselves
by
means
of
values
from
the
outside
C．stick
to
our
own
values
D．persuade
others
to
accept
our
opinions
答案：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“I
think
there's
only
one
way—make
a
conscious
decision
to
stop
caring
what
other
people
think.”以及第三句“We
should
guide
ourselves
by
means
of
a
set
of
values...”可知，我们要坚持自己的信念，而不该被外部世界他人的观点左右。
8．It
can
be
concluded
from
the
passage
that________.
A．it's
important
to
accept
others'
opinions
B．it's
better
to
do
what
we
like
C．we
shouldn't
change
our
own
opinions
D．we
shouldn't
care
what
others
think
too
much
答案：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容以及全文的主旨大意可以推断出，我们要做自己，不要过多地关心他人的想法而失去自我。
1．majority
n.
大部分；大多数
2．addict
vt./n.
使上瘾/有瘾的人
3．constant
adj.
连续不断的
4．exhausted
adj.
疲倦的
5．conscious
adj.
有意识的；清醒的
1．end
up
结束 2.by
means
of
借助于；依靠
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2017·辽宁省辽南协作体二模]Victor
was
traveling
through
a
train
for
his
parents.
All
the
time
he
is
glancing
with
joy
at
his
new
shoes
what
his
father
had
bought
for
him.
After
some
time,
he
removed
his
shoes
to
take
him
a
nap.
After
waking
up,
he
found
one
of
her
shoes
missing.
He
started
crying
unhappy.
His
parents
tried
to
comfort
him.
His
father
told
him
it
was
no
use
cry
and
promised
that
after
reaching
home,
he
would
buy
him
a
new
pair
of
shoes.
Victor
got
very
excited
on
hearing
his
father's
words
that
he
threw
other
shoe
out
of
the
train.
Reaching
the
destination,
he
suddenly
found
his
losing
shoe
in
a
basket.
How
he
regretted
it!
答案：
Victor
was
traveling
through
a
train
his
parents.
All
the
time
he
glancing
with
joy
at
his
new
shoes
his
father
had
bought
for
him.
After
some
time,
he
removed
his
shoes
to
take
a
nap.
After
waking
up,
he
found
one
of
shoes
missing.
He
started
crying
.
His
parents
tried
to
comfort
him.
His
father
told
him
it
was
no
use
and
promised
that
after
reaching
home,
he
would
buy
him
a
new
pair
of
shoes.
Victor
got
excited
on
hearing
his
father's
words
that
he
threw
other
shoe
out
of
the
train.
Reaching
the
destination,
he
suddenly
found
his
shoe
in
a
basket.
How
he
regretted
it!
第一处：for→with 考查介词。with意为“和……一起”。句意：维克托和他的父母一起乘火车旅行。
第二处：is→was 考查时态。文章时态是过去时，前后时态要保持一致，所以is改成was。句意：他一直高兴地看着爸爸给他买的新鞋。
第三处：what→that/which 考查定语从句的引导词。that/which引导的定语从句修饰名词shoes。
第四处：去掉him 考查固定搭配。take
a
nap是固定搭配，表示“小憩”的意思。句意：一段时间后，他拿开鞋子去休息。
第五处：her→his 考查人称代词。人称代词前后搭配不当。句意：当他醒来的时候，他发现一只鞋不见了。
第六处：unhappy→unhappily 考查副词。unhappy是形容词，表示“高兴的”，而unhappily是副词。句意：他很不高兴地哭了。cry是动词，所以要用副词修饰。
第七处：cry→crying 考查动名词。It
was
no
use
doing...表示“做某事是无用的”。句意：他的父亲告诉他哭是没用的，并承诺他回到家之后再给他买一双新鞋。
第八处：very→so 考查固定句式。so...that...意为“如此……以致于……”。句意：他听到父亲的话以后如此兴奋以致于……。
第九处：other前加the 考查冠词。the表示特指，文章中特指另外一只鞋子。句意：他把另外一只鞋子扔出了火车。
第十处：losing→lost 考查形容词。句意：到达目的地后，他发现丢失的那只鞋子在一个篮子里面。话题素材——自然灾害
好词
1.suffering
n.
痛苦；苦难
2.harmful
adj.
有害的
3.rescue
n.
&
vt.
救援
4.frightened
adj.
害怕的
5.hopeless
adj.
没希望的
6.be
shocked
at
对……感到震惊
7.attach
great
importance
to...
十分重视……；认为……非常重要
8.burst
out
突然爆发
9.in
harmony
with
与……和谐
10.take_measures/sttif_to_do_sth.
采取措施做某事
11.do
damage
to
对……有害；损害
12.get_rid_of
消除；摆脱掉；除掉
13.take_on_a_new_look
呈现新面貌
14.lead
to/contribute
to
导致
佳句
1.United
we
stand;
divided
we
fall.
团结则存；分裂则亡。
2.It_is_really_amazing_that
the
once ruined
place
has
now
been
turned
into
a
beautiful
town,
full_of_life.
令人惊奇的是，这个曾经被毁灭的地方已经变成了一个漂亮的城镇，生机勃勃。
3.Obviously,_without
the
help
of
the
whole
society,
there
would
be
no
new
school
today.
It_is_love_and_concern_that
have
brought
about
the
great
changes.
很明显，要是没有全社会的帮助，就不会有今天的新学校，是爱和关心导致了这巨大的改变。
[精美语篇]
How
to
survive
in
an
earthquake
On
April
20,
2013
an
earthquake
with
the
magnitude
of
7.0
hit
Lushan
County
of
Ya'an
City,
Sichuan
Province.
The
earthquake
has
caused
significant
damage.
So
how
to
take
safety
measures
during
an
earthquake
has
become
an
important
issue.
Here
are
some
guidelines
to
staying
safe
in
earthquakes.
Firstly,
don't
be
nervous
and
keep
calm.
Try
to
get
into
an
open
area
away
from
trees,
buildings,
walls,
signs,
power
lines
and
anything
else
that
might
fall
on
you
if
outdoors.
Secondly,
if
you
are
indoors,
stay
there.
Quickly
move
to
a
safe
location
in
the
room
such
as
under
a
strong
desk,
a
strong
table,
or
along
an
interior
wall.
Cover
your
head
and
neck
with
your
arms.
The
goal
is
to
protect
yourself
from
falling
objects
and
be
located
near
the
structural
strong
points
of
the
room.
Avoid
taking
cover
near
windows,
large
mirrors
and
hanging
objects.
Thirdly,
never
go
to
the
stairs
and
never
take
the
lift
to
go
downstairs.
The
stairs
are
a
likely
part
of
the
building
to
be
damaged.
Even
if
the
stairs
are
not
collapsed
by
the
earthquake,
they
may
collapse
later
when
overloaded
by
fleeing
people.
Though
we
can't
stop
earthquakes,
we
can
reduce
the
damage
that
earthquakes
bring
us
if
we
take
right
measures.
高频单词
1．burst
(vi.)
爆裂；爆发
(n.)
突然破裂；爆发→burst
(过去式/过去分词)
2．event
(n.)
事件；大事
3．nation
(n.)
国家；民族；国民→national
(adj.)
国家的；民族的；全国的→nationality
(n.)
国籍
4．dirt
(n.)
污垢；泥土→dirty
(adj.)
肮脏的
5．ruin
(n.)
废墟；毁灭
(vt.)
毁灭；使破产
6．suffering
(n.)
苦难；痛苦→suffer
(v.)
遭受(苦难等)
7．extreme
(adj.)
极度的→extremely
(adv.)
极度地
8．injure
(vt.)
损害；伤害→injury
(n.)
伤害；损害→injured
(adj.)
受伤的
9．destroy
(vt.)
破坏；毁坏；消灭→destruction
(n.)
破坏；摧毁
10．track
(n.)
轨道；足迹；痕迹
11．useless
(adj.)
无用的；无效的；无益的→useful
(反义词)
(adj.)
有用的；有益的
12．shock
(vt.
&
vi.)
(使)震惊；震动
(n.)
休克；打击；震惊→shocking
(adj.)
令人震惊的→shocked
(adj.)
震惊的
13．rescue
(n.
&
vt.)
援救；营救
14．trap
(vt.)
使陷入困境
(n.)
陷阱；困境→trapped
(过去式/过去分词)
15．electricity
(n.)
电；电流；电学→electric
(adj.)
用电的；带电的→electrical
(adj.)
与电有关的；电学的
16．disaster
(n.)
灾难；灾祸
17．bury
(vt.)
埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
18．shelter
(n.)
掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
19．damage
(n.
&
vt.)
损失；损害
20．frighten
(vt.)
使惊吓；吓唬→frightened
(adj.)
受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening
(adj.)
令人恐惧的
21．congratulation
(n.)
祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulate
(vt.)
祝贺
22．judge
(n.)
裁判员；法官
(vt.&
vi.)
断定；判断；判决→_judgement
(n.)
判断力；识别力
23．express
(vt.)
表示；表达
(n.)
快车；速递→(n.)
expression表达；表情
24．survivor
(n.)
幸存者；生还者；残存物→survive
(vt.
&
vi.)
幸存；存活下来→survival
(n.)
生存；存活；幸存
重点短语
1．think_little_of
轻视；认为……没价值
2．as_if
仿佛；好像
3．dig_out
掘出；发现
4．raise_money
集资；筹款；募捐
5．right_away
立刻；马上
6．at_an_end
结束；终结
7．in_ruins
严重受损；破败不堪
8．a_(great)_number_of
许多；大量的
9．in_the_open_air
在户外
10．give_a_speech
做演讲
11．cut_across
抄近路穿过；走近路
12．be_buried_in
埋头于
热点句型
1．too...
to...
“太……而不能……”
In
the
farmyards,
the
chickens
and
even
the
pigs
were
too_nervous_to_eat
(紧张得不吃食)．(教材P26)
2．looking
for...
是现在分词短语作伴随状语
Mice
ran
out
of
the
fields
looking_for_places_to_hide
(找地方藏身)．(教材P26)
3．It
seems/seemed
as
if...“看起来好像……”
It_seemed_as_if
(看起来好像)the
world
was
at
an
end！(教材P26)
4．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Thousands
of
families
were
killed
and
many
children
were_left_without_parents
(成了孤儿)．(教材P26)
5．everywhere用作连词，引导让步状语从句
Everywhere_they_looked
(人们无论朝哪看)nearly
everything
was
destroyed.(教材P26)
6．all...not表示部分否定
All_hope_was_not
(并不是所有的希望)lost.(教材P26)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The
army
organized
teams
to
dig
out
those
who
________
(trap)
and
to
bury
the
dead.
答案：were
trapped
2．________
(slow),
the
city
began
to
breathe
again.
答案：Slowly
3．It
was
felt
in
Beijing,
________
is
more
than
two
hundred
kilometres
away.
答案：which
4．In
fifteen
terrible
seconds
a
large
city
________
(lie)
in
ruins.
答案：lay
5．________number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
seriously
injured
reached
more
than
400,000.
答案：The
6．Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors
________
homes
had
been
destroyed.
答案：whose
7．Your
speech
was
heard
by
a
group
of
five
________
(judge),
all
of
________
agreed
that
it
was
the
best
one
this
year.
答案：judges;
whom
8．________you
know,
this
is
the
day
the
quake
happened
thirty five
years
ago.
答案：As
9．________(congratulate)!
We
are
pleased
________
(tell)
you
that
you
have
won
the
high
school
speaking
competition.
答案：Congratulations;
to
tell
10．This
________
(frighten)
boy
whose
mother
________
(lose)
in
the
disaster
is
looking
for
her
now.
答案：frightened;
was
lost
1 burst vi.(burst,
burst)爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发
In
the
city,
the
water
pipes
in
some
buildings
cracked
and
burst.(P26)
在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。
归纳拓展
burst
out突然迸发；爆发
burst
out
doing
sth.＝burst
into＋n.
突然……起来
burst
into
tears/laughter＝bursst
out
crying/laughing
突然大哭/大笑起来
burst
out
cheering＝burst
into
cheers
突然欢呼起来
burst
in/into闯进；突然破门而入
burst
with
anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支
a
burst
of
一阵……
名师点睛
burst
into与burst
out都有“突然进入某种状态或突然发生某种情况”的意思，但burst
into后面接名词，burst
out后面接动名词。
语境助记
①Hearing
this,
the
whole
class
burst_out
laughing
and
my
deskmate's
face
turned
red.
听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。
②He
burst_into_the_room
without
knocking
at
the
door,
which
made
me
very
angry.
他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。
③At
the
news
that
my
dad
would
be
back
from
London
this
week,
I
felt
as
if
my
heart
would
burst_with_joy.
听到这个星期爸爸要从伦敦回来的消息，我觉得心花怒放。
图解助记
2 ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹 vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产
In
fifteen
terrible
seconds
a
large
city
lay
in
ruins.(P26)
在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为了一片废墟。
归纳拓展
(1)lie/be
in
ruins成为废墟
come/go/fall
to
ruin毁灭；灭亡；崩溃
bring...to
ruin使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产
(2)ruin
oneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡
ruin
one's
health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]When
they
returned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day,
they
found
their
neighborhood
in_ruins.
当他们第二天回到洛克威时，他们发现他们的街区已成为一片废墟。
②A
large
number
of
churches
fell_into_ruin
after
the
revolution.
革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。
③A
village
once
so
attractive
was
brought_to_ruin.
一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。
④If
you're
addicted
to
computer
games,
you'll
ruin_yourself.
如果你沉溺于玩电脑游戏，你会毁了自己。
⑤The
bad
weather
has
ruined_all_my_pleasure
for
the
holiday.
糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。
图解助记
3 injure vt.损害；伤害
Two thirds
of
them
died
or
were
injured
during
the
earthquake.(P26)
他们中有三分之二在地震中伤亡。
归纳拓展
(1)injured
adj.
受伤的
the
injured
受伤的人(集合概念)
(2)injury
n.
伤；伤口；伤害
do
sb.
an
injury/do
an
injury
to
sb.
伤害某人语境助记
①Luckily
she
was_not_badly_injured
and
was
sent
to
the
nearest
hospital.
幸运的是她受伤不严重，并且被送到了最近的医院。
②A
terrible
accident
happened
at
the
crossing
and
an
ambulance
rushed
the_injured
to
the
hospital.在十字路口发生了可怕的交通事故，救护车把伤者火速送到了医院。
③Don't
lift
that
tool box—you'll
do_yourself_an_injury!
别搬那只工具箱，你会伤着你自己的！
④What
the
newspaper
reported
did_a_great_injury_to_her_fame.
报纸上所报道的严重损害了她的名誉。
图解助记
⑤用injure,
wound,
hurt,
harm的正确形式填空
a．He
claimed
that
working
too
hard
was
harming
his
health.
b．He
died
of
a
single
gunshot
wound
to
the
left
side
of
his
head.
c．What
he
said
hurt
me
deeply.
d．One
of
the
players
injured
his
knee
and
had
to
be
carried
off.
4 shock vt.&
vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊
Sand
now
filled
the
wells
instead
of
water.
People
were
shocked.(P26)
井里充满了沙子而不是水。人们都震惊了。
归纳拓展
(1)in
(a
state
of)
shock
震惊地
a
great
shock
极大的震惊
be
a
shock
to
sb.
对某人来说是个打击
come
as
a
shock
让某人大吃一惊
(2)shocked
adj.
感到惊讶的
be
shocked
at/by
sth.
对……感到震惊
(3)shocking
adj.
令人震惊的
名师点睛
shock意为“令人震惊的人或事”时为可数名词，其前通常与不定冠词a连用。即：抽象名词具体化。
语境助记
①I
was_shocked_to_hear
that
he
had
resigned.
听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。
②We
were
all
shocked_at
the
news
of
his
death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。
③[牛津高阶]He
isn't
seriously
injured
but
he
is
in_(a_state_of)_
shock.
他伤得不重，但惊魂未定。
④The
news
of
my
promotion
came
as_a_shock.
我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。
⑤The
news
that
the
two
popular
stars
took
drugs
together
illegally
was_a_shock_to
their
fans.
这两位当红明星一起非法吸毒的消息对他们的影迷们是一个打击。
⑥[2016·北京高考]So
scientists
have
come
up
with
a_shocking_idea.
因此专家们想出了一个令人震惊的主意。
⑦[2016·北京高考]Now,
electric_shock
training
and
medical
treatment
are
helping
to
rescue
these
big
birds.
现在，电击训练和药物治疗正帮助挽救这些大鸟。
5 bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏
The
army
organized
teams
to
dig
out
those
who
were
trapped
and
to
bury
the
dead.
(P26)
救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
归纳拓展
(1)be
buried
in
埋头于；专心于
be
buried
in
thought
沉思
(2)bury
oneself
in
one's
work/studies.
埋头工作；专心学习
bury
one's
face
in
one's
hands
双手掩面名师点睛
表“专心于某事”的短语常见的还有：be
devoted
to，
be
absorbed
in，
be
addicted
to，
be
lost
in，
focus
on，
concentrate
on等。
语境助记
①She
buried_her_face_in_her_hands
and
wept
when
she
heard
the
bad
news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
②Ever
since
he
moved
there,
he
has_buried_himself_in
his
research
work.
→Ever
since
he
moved
there,
he
has_been_buried_in
his
research
work.
自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。
③Buried_in/Burying_himself_in
his
study,
he
didn't
know
it
was
raining
hard
outside.
他埋头学习，不知道外面正下大雨。
④She
sat
there,
buried_in_thought.
她坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。
⑤He
stood
on
the
sidewalk
with
his
hands
buried_in
the
pockets
of
his
dark
overcoat.
他站在人行道上，双手插在深色外套的口袋里。
6 judge n.
裁判员；法官；评判员 v.
判定；判断；判决
Your
speech
was
heard
by
a
group
of
five
judges,
all
of
whom
agreed
that
it
was
the
best
one
this
year.(P30)
有5个裁判员听了你的演讲，他们都说它是今年最棒的演讲。
归纳拓展
(1)judging
from/by...
根据……来判断
(2)judge＋sb./sth.＋by/on...
以……来判断……
judge＋sb./sth.(＋to
be)＋n./adj.
判断……为……
judge
it＋adj.＋to
do
sth.
认为做某事是……
(3)judgement
n.
判断；审判；判断力
make
a
judgement
about
对……做判断
名师点睛
judging
from/by...置于句首作状语。其中v. ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally
speaking“一般来说”；frankly
speaking“坦白地说”；considering...“考虑到……”。
语境助记
①“You
can't
judge
a
book
by_
its
cover，”
as
the
old
saying
goes.
正如谚语所说，“勿以貌取人。”
②We
judge
him
to_be
the
best
candidate.
＝We
judge
that
he
is
the
best
candidate.
我们认为他是最佳人选。
③Judging_from
her
last
letter,
they
are
having
a
wonderful
time.
从她的上封来信看，他们过得非常愉快。
④[牛津高阶]He
refused
to
make_a_judgement_about
the
situation.
他拒绝对形势作出评价。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Greatly
________
(shock)
at
the
sad
news,
he
stood
there,
paralysed
with
fear.
答案：shocked 考查分词作状语。shock与he之间为被动关系，故填shocked。
2．To
our
relief,
up
to
now
the
injured
in
the
crash
of
Tianjin
________
(carry)
to
the
nearby
hospital.
答案：have
been
carried 考查动词的时态和语态。根据up
to
now可知，用现在完成时；再由主语与carry之间为被动关系可知，答案为现在完成时的被动语态。本题也要注意主谓一致。
3．I
haven't
read
all
of
his
books
before,
but
________
(judge)
from
the
one
I
have
read,
I
think
he's
a
very
promising
writer.
答案：judging 考查固定搭配。judging
from...意为“由……来判断”。
4．Seeing
the
________
(frighten)
scene,
the
little
girl
was
so
________
(frighten)
that
she
cried
suddenly.
答案：frightening;
frightened 考查 ing与 ed构成的形容词的区别。前者由现在分词转化而来，表示主动，意为“令人……的”；后者由过去分词转化而来表示被动，意为“感到……的”。
5．On
seeing
Jay
Chou
appear
on
the
Voice
of
China,
the
audience
burst
out
________
(cheer)．
答案：cheering 考查“burst
out＋doing”结构，意为“突然……起来”。
6．With
his
face
________
(bury)
in
the
pillow,
he
cried
loudly.
答案：buried 考查with的复合结构。his
face与bury之间为被动关系。
7．The
rescue
team
has
saved
more
than
ten
people
________(trap)
under
the
collapsed
building.
答案：trapped 考查过去分词作定语。trap与people之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，注意其拼写。
8．She
found
it
was
________
(extreme)
difficult
to
get
a
job.
答案：extremely 考查副词。此处是副词修饰形容词，extremely
difficult“极其困难”。
9．I
was
wrapped
(包裹)
heavily
and
well
sheltered
________
the
freezing
and
blowing
weather.
答案：from 考查固定搭配。shelter
from...
“躲避(风雨或危险)”。
10．The
two
sportsmen
congratulated
each
other
________
winning
the
match
by
shaking
hands.
答案：on 考查固定搭配。congratulate
sb.
on
doing
sth.“祝贺某人做某事”。
1 at
an
end
结束；终结
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end！(P26)
仿佛到了世界末日！
归纳拓展
(1)at
the
end
of
在……尽头/末端(指时间或空间)
in
the
end
最后；终于
by
the
end
of
到……末为止(常与完成时态连用)
come
to
an
end
结束
be
at
an
end
结束
put/bring
sth.
to
an
end结束……
make
(both)
ends
meet
使收支相抵；量入为出
(2)end
up结束；告终
end
in以……结束
(3)end
up
with
以……结束
end
up
doing
sth.最后做某事；终止做某事
(4)ending
n.
结局；结尾
endless
adj.
无止境的；连续的
语境助记
①The
meeting
was
nearly
at_an_end
when
I
got
to
the
meeting
room.
当我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。
②[2016·天津高考]Then
came
the
final
awards
ceremony
at_the_end_of
the
year.
然后年底最后的颁奖仪式随之而来。
③[牛津高阶]Many
families
struggled
to
make_ends_meet
in
economic
crisis.
经济危机时很多家庭努力使收支平衡。
④His
life
returned
to
normal
after
the
war
came_to_an_end.
战争结束后他的生活恢复了正常。
⑤Policemen
were
called
out
to
put_an_end_to
the
disorder
in
the
streets.
警察被召来平息街头的骚乱。
⑥a.By
the
end
of
this
week,
I
will_have_finished
most
of
the
work.
到本周末为止，我将会完成大部分工作。
b．His
newly
written
novel
had_been_translated
into
English
by
the
end
of
last
month.
上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
⑦I
ended_up_doing
all
the
work
myself.
结果所有的活儿都是我一个人干的。
2 a
(great)
number
of
许多；大量的
Such
a
great
number
of
people
died
because
the
quake
happened
while
they
were
sleeping.(P27)
那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。
归纳拓展
＋可数名词复数
＋不可数名词
＋可数名词复数或不可数名词
名师点睛
(1)a
large/great
number
of
“许多的；大量的”，后面跟可数名词复数形式。number之前可加某些表示数量大小的形容词。a
number
of加复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)a
great
many后修饰可数名词时，通常不加of，但名词前有定冠词the或形容词性物主代词修饰时要加上of。
(3)large
quantities
of＋pl.
n．/
[U]n.作主语，谓语动词用复数；a
large
quantity
of＋pl.
n.
/[U]n.作主语，谓语动词用单数；large
amounts
of＋[U]
n．作主语，谓语动词用复数。
(4)＋可数名词单数＋谓语(单数形式)
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]A
large
number
of
people
have_applied
for
the
job.
许多人申请了这工作。
②The
number
of
homeless
people
has_increased
dramatically.
无家可归者的人数急剧增加了。
③With
more
and
more
forests
cut
down,
large
quantities
of
soil
are_being_washed
away.
由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正被冲走。
④A
great
deal
of
money
has_been_spent
on
the
new
hospital.
在这家新医院上面已经花费了大量金钱。
图解助记
⑤[一言辨异]Now
a_number_of
college
graduates
are
seeking
to
get
a
high paid
job.
But
the_number_of
posts
available
for
them
is
often
not
enough.
如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但可得到的岗位的数量却经常不足。
过关演练
选词填空
in
ruins；
bury
oneself
in；
give
out；
in
the
open
air；
a
large
number
of；
burst
into；
at
an
end；
right
away；
think
little
of；
dig
out
1．Hearing
the
news
that
his
mother
was
ill
in
hospital,
he
rushed
to
the
hospital
________.
答案：right
away
2．He
________
my
advice,
which
made
me
very
upset.
答案：thought
little
of
3．Though
it
was
hot,
I
saw
many
people
working
______.
答案：in
the
open
air
4．I
am
writing
to
apply
for
it
for
the
simple
reason
that
I
love
reading
and
I
own
________
books.
答案：a
large
number
of
5．He
felt
so
terrible
that
he
thought
his
world
was
______.
答案：at
an
end
6．More
than
a
dozen
people
________
of
the
ruins
were
still
in
hospital.
答案：digged
out
7．________
the
newspaper,
she
didn't
notice
what
was
happening.
答案：Burying
herself
in
8．He
has
refused
to
______
any
information
on
the
matter.
答案：give
out
9．What
surprised
us
is
that
the
whole
city
lay
________
in
such
a
short
time.
答案：in
ruins
10．My
English
teacher's
humor
was
such
fun
as
to
make
every
student
________
laughter.
答案：burst
into
1 In
the
farmyards,
the
chickens
and
even
the
pigs
were
too_nervous_to_eat.
(P26)
在农场里，鸡群甚至连猪都紧张得不吃食了。
归纳拓展
too...to...
本意“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义，而在下列情况中表示肯定意义：
①only/just/but
too...to...
“非常……去做……”
too前的only/just/but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气
②too后面的形容词为表示心情或描绘性形容词的时候，如：happy,
pleased,
willing,
thankful,
delighted,
anxious,
eager,
kind,
good等，表示肯定意义。
③too...to...
中的too前面有never/can't等时，此结构为双重否定表示肯定。
can't...
too/enough...意为“越……越好；再……也不为过”。
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]It's
too_late_to_do
anything
about
it
now.
现在进行任何补救都为时已晚。
②You
can't_be_too_careful
while
driving
a
car.
在开车时，你越小心越好。
③He
is
only
too_delighted_to
accept
your
invitation.
他非常高兴地接受了你的邀请。
④Upon
hearing
the
teacher's
talk,
the
children
probably
felt
that
it
sounded
too_good_to_be_true.
听到老师的话，孩子们很可能觉得事情听起来太好了而有些不太真实。
⑤[2016·天津高考]I
hate
it
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I'm
always
too_busy_to_carry_on
a
conversation
with
her.
我讨厌在我工作时她打电话过来，我总是忙得不能和她交谈。
2 It
seemed
as_if
the
world
was
at
an
end！(P26)
仿佛到了世界末日！
归纳拓展
名师点睛
如果as
if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，这样as
if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词 短语 、介词短语或分词。
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]He
behaved
as
if
nothing
had_happened.
他表现得若无其事。
②[2016·江苏高考]More
generally,
the
Internet
functions
as
if
it_were
my
memory.
一般来说，网络起得作用就好像它是我的记忆一样。
③The
football
player
is
rolling
on
the
ground
as
if
(he_is)_hurt_badly
in
the
leg.
这个足球运动员在操场上打着滚，似乎他的腿伤得很厉害。
④It
looks
as
if
it_isn't
clean
enough
to
swim
here.
看起来(水)好像不太干净，不能在这儿游泳。
⑤Tom
raised
his
right
hand
as
though/if
(he_was)_to_say
something.
汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。
3 All
hope
was
not
lost.(P26)
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
归纳拓展
(1)英语中的all,
both,
each,
every,
everybody,
everything,
completely,
always,
whole,
entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用时，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no,
none,
never,
nobody,
nothing,
neither,
no
one,
nowhere,
no
more,
no
longer,
no
way等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。
名师点睛
both的全部否定为neither；
all的全部否定为none；
either
与否定词连用表全部否定。
语境助记
①It's
impossible
for
all
the
applicants
to
get
the
jobs,
because
not_all_of_them
are
fit
for
them.
所有的求职者都找到工作是不可能的，因为并非所有人都能胜任这些工作。
②Both
of
the
two
math
problems
are_not
very
difficult.
＝Not_both
of
the
two
math
problems
are
very
difficult.
这两道数学题并非都很难。
③He
told
me
all
pieces
of
the
news,
but
none_of_them
was
very
exciting.
他告诉了我所有的消息，但没有一条激动人心的。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He
had
lost
his
temper
and
his
health
in
the
war
and
never
found
________
of
them
again.
答案：either 考查全部否定的用法。否定词与either连用表示全部否定。
2．She
walked
here
and
there
on
the
playground
as
if
________
(look)
for
something.
答案：looking 考查省略结构“as
if＋doing”。look与she之间为主动关系，故用looking。
3．I
can't
thank
you
________
much
for
all
your
help
to
my
son
while
we
were
away
from
home.
答案：too 考查“can't...too...”结构，意为“无论……也不为过”。
4．School
started,
but
I
felt
more
and
more
nervous
as
if
I
________
(be)
in
a
foreign
country
now.
答案：were 考查虚拟语气。表示与现在的事实相反，故用were。
5．I
agree
with
most
of
what
you
said,
but
I
don't
agree
with
________.
答案：everything 考查部分否定。否定词与every,
all等连用时表部分否定，根据语境可知，空处填everything。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________the
current
situation,
there
is
a
small
chance
that
a
large scale
war
will
break
out
between
the
two
countries.
根据当前局势判断，两国之间不大可能发生大规模战争。
答案：Judging
from
2．An
official
says
about
3.33
million
hectares
of
the
area's
farmland
________________crops.
一位官员说这个地区大约有333万公顷的土地污染太严重而不宜种庄稼。
答案：are
too
polluted
to
grow
3．[牛津高阶]________________
was
full
of
tourists.
我们所到之处到处都是游客。
答案：Everywhere
we
went
定语从句(Ⅰ)
在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when,
where,
why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：(1)连接主从句；(2)指代先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。
关系代词的基本用法
指代对象
指代人
指代物
使用情况
主语
who,
that
which，that
从句中缺少主语或宾语
宾语
whom,
that
which，that
定语
whose
whose
先行词与空后的名词有所属关系
①She
is
the
girl
who/that
lives
next
door.
②A
man
who/that
is
perfectly
pleased
with
the
present
state
of
things
is
a
failure.
③Do
you
know
the
man
whose
name
is
Wang
Bing
④The
building
which/that
stands
near
the
river
is
our
school.
⑤That
is
the
book
that/which
I
want
to
read.
⑥The
building
whose
windows
face
south
was
built
last
year.
关系代词的选择条件：从句中缺少主语或宾语时，选用关系代词。注意：有些情况只用that不用which，或只用which不用that，要在平时学习中不断积累。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．I
like
the
books
on
the
shelf,
________
covers
are
beautiful,
are
bought
by
my
father.
答案：whose 考查定语从句。先行词为books，与主语covers存在所属关系，故填whose。
2．Do
you
have
anything
________
you
want
to
say
at
the
meeting
答案：that 考查定语从句。从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为不定代词，故填that。
3．I
think
it
was
on
the
playground
on
________
we
played
basketball
with
some
boys
yesterday
________
you
lost
your
handbag.
答案：which;
that 第一空考查定语从句，从句中缺少介词on的宾语，故只能填which；第二空考查强调句型。
4．Finally
the
manager
adopted
the
best
proposal
________
had
been
put
forward
at
the
meeting.
答案：that 考查定语从句。从句中缺主语，且先行词前有最高级修饰，故只能填that。
5．After
then
Mary,
________
we
had
been
talking
about
earlier,
walked
in.答案：whom 考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·惠州调研]Humans
have
been
keeping
animals
as
pets
for
tens
of
thousands
of
years,
but
Dr
Jean－Loup
Rault,
an
animal
scientist
at
the
University
of
Melbourne
in
Australia,
believes
new
companions
are
coming:
robot
pets.
“Technology
is
moving
very
fast，”
Rault
told
ABC
News,
“The
Tamagotchi
in
the
early
1990s
was
really
the
first
robotic
pet,
and
now
Sony
and
other
big
companies
have
improved
them
a
lot.”
This
may
not
sit_well_with
pet
lovers.
After
all,
who
would
choose
a
plastic
toy
over
a
lovely
puppy
But
Rault
argues
that
the
robotic
kind
has
a
lot
going
for
it：“You
don't
have
to
feed
it,
you
don't
have
to
walk
it,
it
won't
make
a
mess
in
your
house,
and
you
can
go
on
a
holiday
without
feeling
guilty.”
The
technology
also
benefits
those
who
are
allergic
to
pets,
short
on
space,
or
fearful
of
real
animals.
It's
not
clear
whether
robot
pets
can
replace
real
ones.
But
studies
do
suggest
that
we
can
bond
with
these
smart
machines.
People
give
their
cars
names
and
kids
give
their
toy
animals
life
stories.
It's
the
same
with
robots.
When
Sony
stopped
its
repair
service
for
its
robot
dog
Aibo
in
March
2014,
owners
in
Japan
held
funerals.
As
an
animal
welfare
researcher,
Rault
is
concerned
about
how
robotic
pets
could
affect
our
attitudes
towards
live
animals.
“If
we
become
used
to
a
robotic
companion
that
doesn't
need
food,
water
or
exercises,
perhaps
it
will
change
how
humans
care
about
other
living
beings，”
he
said.
So
are
dogs
and
cats
a
thing
of
the
past,
as
Rault
predicts
For
those
who
grew
up
with
living
and
breathing
pets,
the
mechanical
kind
might
not
do.
But
for
our
next
generation
who
are
in
constant
touch
with
smart
technology,
a
future
in
which
lovely
pets
needn't
have
a
heartbeat
might
not
be
a
far－fetched
dream.
篇章导读：随着科技的发展，一种新的宠物即将出现：机器人宠物。文章陈述了机器人宠物的特点。
1．What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“sit
well
with”
mean
A．Be
refused
by.
B．
Be
beneficial
to.
C．Make
a
difference
to.
D．
Receive
support
from.
答案：D 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“After
all,
who
would
choose
a
plastic
toy
over
a
lovely
puppy？”可推知，其词义为“得到来自于……的支持”。
2．What
are
the
advantages
of
robot
pets
a．They
are
plastic
and
feel
smooth.
b．Owners
needn't
worry
about
them
when
going
out.
c．They
can
help
cure
allergies.
d．They
save
space
and
costs.
A．a，b B．b，c
C．b，d D．c，d
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中Rault提到的“You
don't
have
to
feed
it,
you
don't
have
to
walk
it，...
and
you
can
go
on
a
holiday
without
feeling
guilty.”可知，答案选C。
3．We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________.
A．Sony
is
the
first
company
to
produce
robot
pets
Aibo
B．people
can
develop
strong
bond
with
their
robot
pets
C．Rault
thinks
robot
pets
still
have
a
long
way
to
go
D．robot
toys
may
help
people
care
more
about
living
beings
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“But
studies
do
suggest
that
we
can
bond
with
these
smart
machines.”以及对机器人宠物的特点的描述可知，答案选B。
4．The
passage
mainly
tells
us
________.
A．the
advantages
of
robot
toys
B．the
popularity
of
robot
pets
C．living
pets
are
dying
out
D．robot
pets
are
coming
答案：D 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“...believes
new
companions
are
coming:
robot
pets”及全文最后一句中的“...not
be
a
far fetched
dream.”可知，文章主要告诉我们机器人宠物即将出现。
1．plastic
adj./n.
塑料的；塑料
2.mess
n.
混乱
3．smart
adj.
英明的；智能的
4.attitude
n.
态度
5．generation
n.
代；一代
1．be
allergic
to
对……过敏
2．be
concerned
about
关心；挂念
B
[2017·沈阳二中模拟]If
you
live
in
an
earthquake prone
area,
it's
wise
to
prepare
your
family
well
in
advance
for
the
next
“Big
One”.
It's
always
important
to
make
sure
to
prepare
for
earthquakes.
Earthquakes
are
more
common
than
some
people
realize,
and
though
they
rarely
end
up
causing
damage,
it's
important
to
have
your
family
prepared
for
an
earthquake
hit.
Put
together
an
emergency
kit
that
includes
food
and
water
to
last
a
week,
a
fire
extinguisher,
portable
radio,
batteries,
flashlight,
and
first aid
supplies.
Note
all
safe
spots
in
each
room,
such
as
doorways
or
under
sturdy
tables
and
desks.
Know
the
dangerous
spots,
such
as
fireplaces,
windows,
mirrors
and
hanging
objects.
Point
out
safety
exits
and
keep
those
areas
clear.
Make
sure
your
family
knows
where
emergency
supplies
are
located.
Check
to
be
sure
that
everyone
knows
where
and
how
to
turn
off
electrical,
gas,
and
water
main
valve
and
switches.
Make
sure
that
all
family
members
know
how
to
turn
off
the
gas,
water,
and
electricity
in
case
there
is
damage
after
the
earthquake
that
needs
to
be
taken
care
of.
It
may
prove
useful
to
take
your
digital
camera
and
make
a
“How
to
Guide”，
customized
to
your
home,
for
these
things
which
can
be
stored
in
the
kit.
Establish
how
and
where
your
family
will
reunite
if
separated
during
the
quake.
Arrange
a
place
for
the
family
to
meet,
if
you
cannot
return
to
your
home
after
the
earthquake.
If
you
have
a
relative
outside
of
your
area,
arrange
ahead
of
time
to
use
his/her
phone
number
as
a
contact
point.
Remember
that
phone
lines
will
be
needed
for
emergencies,
so
delay
getting
on
the
phone
immediately
after
the
earthquake.
Conduct
earthquake
drills
with
your
family
every
six
months.
Warnings
and
tips：
Warm
clothing
and
extra
sleeping
bags
come
in
handy.
Games,
toys,
and
books
help
keep
young
ones
comforted
and
entertained.
Keep
what
you
can
pack
with
your
emergency
kit.
Turning
on
light
switches
or
lighting
candles
can
start
leaking
gas—choose
flashlights
instead.
篇章导读：本文主要介绍了怎样和家人一起为地震做好自救准备。
5．The
first
paragraph
is
used
as
________.
A．a
comment
B．
a
definition
C．an
introduction
D．
a
warning
答案：C 细节理解题。第一段主要是对地震及其做好预防的大致情况进行简单的介绍，从而为下文做好铺垫。故选C。
6．The
underlined
word
“sturdy”
in
Paragraph
3
may
mean
“________”．
A．wooden B．wide
C．long D．solid
答案：D 词义猜测题。结合第三段第一句中的“Note
all
safe
spots
in
each
room,
such
as
doorways
or...”可知，此处是在列举那些安全的地方，所以这个词应该是表示“结实的”。
7．To
prepare
for
an
earthquake,
you
are
advised
to
________.
A．pack
some
daily
supplies
into
a
package
to
carry
B．call
on
your
family
members
immediately
after
an
earthquake
C．hide
near
the
windows
to
be
ready
for
jumping
outside
D．take
your
digital
camera
to
record
the
scene
of
an
earthquake
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Put
together
an
emergency
kit
that
includes
food
and...”可知，应该准备一个应用于地震急救的物品包，故答案选A。
8．Which
of
the
following
should
you
avoid
doing
when
an
earthquake
happens
A．Turning
off
lights
switches.
B．Lighting
candles.
C．Putting
toys
into
your
emergency
kit.
D．Taking
a
flashlight
along.
答案：B 细节理解题。从最后一段的“Turning
on
light
switches
or
lighting
candles
can
start
leaking
gas...”可知，地震发生时，你应该避免打开电灯或点燃蜡烛。故选B。
1．note
vt.
注意；留意
2.customize
vt.
定做；定制
3．establish
vt.
建立；创立
4.delay
vi.
延迟；拖延
5．conduct
vt.
组织；安排；实施
1．in
advance
提前
2.come
in
handy
迟早有用
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时10′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2017·保定摸底]Winter
begins
in
the
north
on
December
22nd.
People
and
animals
have
been
doing
what
they
always
do
to
prepare
for
the
colder
months.
Squirrels,
for
example,
have
been
busy
gathering
nuts
from
trees.
__1__
They
examined
differences
between
red
squirrels
and
gray
squirrels
in
the
American
state
of
Indiana.
The
scientists
wanted
to
know
how
these
differences
could
affect
the
growth
of
black
walnut
(黑胡桃)
trees.
__2__
The
black
walnut
tree
is
also
a
central
part
of
some
hardwood
forests.
Rob
Swihart
of
Purdue
University
did
the
study
with
Jake
Goheen,
a
former
Purdue
student
now
at
the
University
of
New
Mexico.
The
two
researchers
estimate
that
several
times
as
many
walnuts
grow
when
gathered
by
gray
squirrels
as
compared
to
red
squirrels.
Gray
squirrels
and
red
squirrels
do
not
store
nuts
and
seeds
in
the
same
way.
Gray
squirrels
bury
nuts
one
at
a
time
in
a
number
of
places.
__3__
So
some
nuts
remain
in
the
ground.
Conditions
are
right
for
them
to
develop
and
grow
the
following
spring.
Red
squirrels,
however,
store
large
groups
of
nuts
above
ground.
Professor
Swihart
calls
“death
traps
for
seeds”．
__4__
But
Professor
Swihart
says
their
numbers
began
to
decrease
as
more
forests
were
cut
for
agriculture.
Red
squirrels
began
to
spread
through
the
state
during
the
past
century.
The
researchers
say
red
squirrels
are
native
to
forests
that
stay
green
all
year,
unlike
walnut
trees.
They
say
the
cleaning
of
forest
land
for
agriculture
has
helped
red
squirrels
invade
(涌入)
Indiana.
__5__
A．Gray
squirrels
are
native
to
Indiana.
B．But
they
seldom
remember
where
they
buried
every
nut.
C．Red
squirrels
bury
nuts
in
a
different
way.
D．The
black
walnut
is
the
nut
of
choice
for
both
kinds
of
squirrels.
E．Jake
Goheen
calls
them
a
sign
of
an
environmental
problem
more
than
a
cause.
F．Scientists
are
worried
that
they
will
drive
away
the
gray
squirrels.
G．Well,
scientists
have
been
busy
gathering
information
about
what
the
squirrels
do
with
the
food
they
collect.
篇章导读：本文为说明文，主要讲述了红松鼠和灰松鼠的生活习性以及它们的生活方式给环境带来的影响。
1．G 根据下段第一句“They
examined
differences
between
red
squirrels
and
gray
squirrels
in
the
American
state
of
Indiana.”可知，该项中的scientists为关键信息。
2．D 根据空格后“The
black
walnut
tree
is
also
a
central
part
of
some...”中的also可知，空格前在讲the
black
walnut
tree。
3．B 根据下文中“So
some
nuts
remain
in
the
ground.”可知，该空与下文为因果关系。故选B项。
4．A 根据下文讲述的内容可知，此处应为主题句，并且与下句为转折关系，文中are
native
to为关键点。
5．E 该选项中的them代指上文的red
squirrels，且E项与上文均涉及环境主题。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时10′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2017·山东师大附中打靶题]In
2001,
as
ninth
guiders,
Finn
and
Anna
volunteered
to
deliver
produce
to
Woodstock's
local
food
pantry
(食物储藏室)
through
the
___1___
(organize),
Change
the
World
Kids.
While
there,
___2___
noticed
the
pantry
didn't
have
fresh
fruits
and
vegetables
after
October
because
there
was
no
___3___
(suit)
storage.
The
girls
researched
ways
to
store
produce
during
cold
months.
After
___4___
(discuss)
for
weeks,
they
came
up
with
the
idea
of
making
a
root
cellar
(地窖)—a
structure
that
was
built
into
the
earth
___5___
(keep)
food
fresh.
“But
getting
the
project
___6___
(approve)
by
the
town
wasn't
easy，”
Anna
admitted.
Still,
the
two
girls
formed
a
committee
with
other
Change
the
World
Kids,
and
did
research
into
how
cellars
___7___
(construct)
and
what
permits
they'd
need.
Finally
they
found
a
site
behind
the
town's
elementary
school.
The
root
cellar
___8___
(official)
opened
on
October
6,
2013.
The
community
donated
produce
throughout
October,
and
some
local
farmers
set
aside
plots
(农作物)
specifically
___9___
the
food
bank
or
gave
the
cellar
bank
their
leftovers,
___10___
include
apples,
onions
and
other
vegetables.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文讲述的是Finn和Anna在做志愿者期间，为了能在寒冷的月份里储存新鲜的蔬菜、瓜果等产品而提出的建地窖的建议，并努力使其实现的过程。
1．organization 考查名词。organization“组织；团体；机构”。
2．they 考查代词。they代替前边提到的两个人Finn和Anna。
3．suitable 考查形容词。suitable“合适的；适宜的”，修饰名词storage。
4．discussing 考查非谓语动词。after是介词，其后跟v. ing形式。
5．to
keep 考查动词不定式作目的状语。
6．approved 考查非谓语动词。get
sth.
done“使某事被做”。
7．were
constructed 考查动词的时态和语态。construct与cellars之间构成动宾关系，且全文时态为一般过去时，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
8．officially 考查副词。officially副词，修饰动词opened。
9．for 考查介词。for“为了”。
10．which 考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时21′)
假如你叫李华，上周六你参加了学校组织的到“红星幼儿园”看望留守儿童的慰问活动，活动结束后你给英国的笔友Bob写一封信。要点包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动情况；
3．你对这次活动的感想。
注意：1.可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
2．词数100左右。开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：留守儿童stay at home
children
Dear
Bob，
Last
Saturday
I
took
part
in
an
activity，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
[标准范文]
Dear_Bob，
Last_Saturday_I_took_part_in_an_activity,_which
was
well
organized
by
our
school.
Its
purpose
is
to
learn
about
the
basic
conditions
of
stay at home
children
and
give
them
our
love.
On
arriving
there,
we
took
out
the
gifts
and
handed
them
out,
making
the
children
delighted.
After
that,
we
joined
them
in
a
series
of
activities,
such
as
playing
games,
telling
funny
stories
and
chatting.
We
did
what
we
could
to
get
along
well
with
them.
Not
until
four
o'clock
did
we
leave
the
lovely
children.
Honestly
speaking,
I
have
benefited
a
lot
from
this
experience.
I
think
we
should
cherish
the
study
opportunity
and
the
time
we
spend
with
our
parents.
Besides,
we
should
also
think
more
of
others
and
care
more
for
others.
Yours，
Li_Hua话题素材——英雄人物
好词
1.admire
vt.
钦佩；欣赏
2.aggressive
adj.
有进取心的
3.creative
adj.
富有创造力的
4.achievement
n.
成就
5.confident
adj.
有信心的
6.show_great_interest_in
对……产生极大的兴趣
7.be
active
in
积极从事……
8.think
highly/well
of
对……高度评价
9.put
one's
heart
and
soul
into...
全身心投入到……
10.graduate
from
从……毕业
11.be
enthusiastic
about
对……热心
12.make
efforts
to
do
sth.
努力做某事
13.have
a
better
understanding
of
深入理解
14.be
occupied
with
忙于；从事
15.make
great
contributions
to
对……作出巨大贡献
佳句
1.By_being_devoted_to
what
he
does
no
matter
how
boring
it
is,
he
sets_a_good_example_to
us.
不管事情有多枯燥，他都会全身心地去做所做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。
2.In
his
life,
he
got
many
honors,
one_of_which
is
the
2015
CCTV
Moving
China
Award.
在他的一生中，他获得了许多的荣誉，其中之一是“2015年感动中国年度人物”的称号。
3.Mr
Mcore
pays
more
attention
to
his
way
of
teaching,
trying_various_ways_to_make_his_classes_lively_and_interesting.
Mr
Mcore
更多地将注意力放在自己的教学方法上，尝试各种方法使他的课生动有趣。
[精美语篇]
Life
of
Mother
Teresa
Mother
Teresa
is
one
of
the
greatest
women
in
the
world.
She
was
born
in
Yugoslavia
in
1910.
At
the
age
of
20,
she
went
to
India.
There
she
first
worked
as
a
teacher.
However,
in
1946
Mother
Teresa
left
the
school
and
after
that,
she
was
trained
to
become
a
nurse.
She
was
so
kind
that
she
began
helping
the
poor,
the
sick
and
the
homeless
in
India.
Besides,
Mother
Teresa
opened
many
schools
and
hospitals
in
poor
countries.
While
she
was
traveling,
she
called
on
people
to
help
those
in
trouble.
In
1979,
she
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize
for
the
love
and
the
service
she
had
given
to
unfortunate
people.
高频单词
1．quality
(n.)
质量；品质；性质
2．mean
(adj.)
吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的→(vt.)
意味着；计划→meaning
(n.)
意思；含义→meaningful
(adj.)
严肃的；重大的；意味深长的→means
(n.)
方式；手段
3．active
(adj.)
积极的；活跃的→actively
(adv.)
积极地→activity
(n.)
活动
4．generous
(adj.)
慷慨的；大方的
5．selfish
(adj.)
自私的→selfless
(adj.)
无私的；忘我的
6．devote
(vt.)
献身；专心于→devoted
(adj.)
忠实的；深爱的→devotion
(n.)
关爱；奉献；忠诚
7．found
(vt.)
建立；建设→founded
(过去式/过去分词)
8．principle
(n.)
法则；原则；原理
9．peaceful
(adj.)
和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully
(adv.)
和平地→peace
(n.)
和平；平静；和睦
10．mankind
(n.)
人类
11．lawyer
(n.)
律师→law
(n.)
法律
12．guidance
(n.)
指导；领导→guide
(vt.)
指引；指导→guided
(adj.)有指导的；有导游的
13．legal
(adj.)
法律的；依照法律的→illegal
(adj.)
非法的；违法的
14．hopeful
(adj.)
怀有希望的；有希望的→hope
(n.&v.)
希望；愿望→hopeless
(adj.)
没有希望的；无望的15．youth
(n.)
青年；青年时期→young
(adj.)
幼小的；青少年的
16．stage
(n.)
舞台；阶段；时期
17．vote
(vt.
&
vi.)
投票；选举(n.)
投票；选票；表决
18．attack
(vt.)
进攻；攻击；抨击
(n.)
攻击；抨击；疾病发作→attach
(形近词)
(vt.)
把……附(在……上)；重视
19．violence
(n.)
暴力；暴行→violent
(adj.)
暴力的；猛烈的
20．equal
(adj.)
相等的；平等的→equality
(n.)
平等；相等→equally
(adv.)
同样地；相等地；公平地→unequal
(adj.)
不平等的；不公平的
21．willing
(adj.)
乐意的；自愿的→unwilling
(adj.)
不自愿的；不乐意的
22．unfair
(adj.)
不公正的；不公平的→fair
(adj.)
公平的；合理的
(n.)
展销会→fairness
(n.)
公正性；公平合理性
23．escape
(vt.
&
vi.)
逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露→escaped
(adj.)
逃跑了的
24．educate
(vt.)
教育；训练→educated
(adj.)
受过教育的；有教养的→education
(n.)
教育→educator
(n.)
教育工作者→educational
(adj.)
教育的；有关教育的
25．beg
(vi.)
请求；乞求→begged
(过去式/过去分词)→beggar
(n.)
乞丐
26．relative
(n.)
亲属；亲戚
(adj.)
相关的→relation
(n.)
关系
27．terror
(n.)
恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→terrorist
(n.)
恐怖主义者；恐怖分子→terrible
(adj.)
非常严重的；令人不愉快的→terribly
(adv.)
非常；很
28．cruelty
(n.)
残忍；残酷→cruel
(adj.)
残暴的；冷酷的
29．reward
(n.)
报酬；奖金(vt.)
酬劳；奖赏→rewarding
(adj.)
值得的；有益的；有回报的
30．opinion
(n.)
意见；看法；主张
重点短语
1．out_of_work 失业
2．as_a_matter_of_fact
事实上
3．in_trouble
在危险/受罚/痛苦/忧虑等处境中
4．turn_to
求助于；致力于
5．lose_heart
丧失勇气/信心
6．come_to_power
上台；当权
7．set_up
建立；设立
8．be_sentenced_to
被判处……(徒刑)
9．blow_up
使充气；爆炸
10．die_for
为……死去
11．fight_for
为……而战
12．believe_in
信任
13．be_hopeful_about
对……有希望
14．beg_for
乞求
15．be_free_from/of
摆脱
热点句型
1．“the
first(＋n./pron.)＋to
do”结构中不定式作后置定语
He
was
the_first_man_to_land_on_the_moon(第一位登上月球的人)in
July
1969.(教材P33)
2．This
was
a
time
when...“这是一个……的时期”
However,
this_was_a_time_when(这是一个……的时期)
one
had
got
to
have
a
passbook
to
live
in
Johannesburg.(教材P34)
3．stage表示抽象的地点时，常接where引导的定语从句
The
last
thirty
years
have
seen
the
greatest
number
of
laws
stopping
our
rights
and
progress,
until
today
we
have
reached
a_stage_where
(……的阶段)
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.(教材P34)
4．only修饰状语置于句首引起的倒装句
Only_then_did_we_decide_to
(直到那时我们才决定)answer
violence
with
violence.(教材P34)
5．the
first
time引导时间状语从句
I
felt
bad
the_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group
(我第一次给一个小组作讲解时)．(教材P38)
巩固训练
在括号内填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The
time
________
I
first
met
Nelson
Mandela
was
a
very
difficult
period
of
my
life.
答案：when
2．We
first
broke
the
law
in
a
way
________
was
peaceful.
答案：which/that
3．He
________
(found)
the
first
Republic
in
China
in
1911
after
many
years'
fighting.
答案：founded
4．He
offered
________
(guide)
to
poor
black
people
on
their
legal
problems.
答案：guidance
5．We
were
put
into
a
position
________
we
had
either
to
accept
we
were
less
important,
________
fight
the
government.
答案：in
which/where;
or
6．He
was
generous
________
his
time,
________
which
I
was
grateful.
答案：with;
for
7．We
read
books
under
our
blankets
and
used
anything
we
could
find
________
(make)
candles
to
see
the
words.
答案：to
make
8．Since
I
was
better
educated,
I
________(get)
a
job
working
in
an
office.
答案：got
9．He
said
they
should
not
________
(stop)
from
studying
for
their
degrees.
答案：be
stopped
10．I
remembered
the
beatings
and
the
________
(cruel)
of
the
guards
and
my
friends
who
had
died.
答案：cruelty
1 devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于
A
great
person
is
someone
who
devotes
his/her
life
to
helping
others.(P33)
一个伟人是一个致力于帮助别人的人。
归纳拓展
(1)devote
oneself
to
献身于；致力于；专心于
devote...to...把……奉献于……
(2)devoted
adj.忠实的；深爱的
be
devoted
to深爱；致力于
(3)devotion
n．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
名师点睛
在短语devote...to...中，to为介词，其后接名词或动名词，类似短语还包括：
look
forward
to期盼；get
down
to开始着手做；be/get
used
to习惯于；be/get
accustomed
to习惯于；lead
to导致；pay
attention
to注意；object
to反对；be
addicted
to
对……上瘾；contribute
to
有助于，促进；adapt
to
适应；be
attached
to
附属于；stick
to
坚持；be
opposed
to
反对；adjust
to
调整以适应。
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]Neighbors
devoted_their_spare_time_to
helping
others
rebuild.
邻居们利用他们的空闲时间帮助他人重建家园。
②You
will
never
gain
success
unless
you
are
fully
devoted_to
your
work.
除非你全心全意地去工作，否则你将永远不会获得成功。
③He
is
highly
thought
of
because
of
his
devotion_to
duty.由于忠于职守他被高度评价。
2 equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的 vt.等于；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物
But
I
was
happy
to
help
because
I
knew
it
would
help
us
achieve
our
dream
of
making
black
and
white
people
equal.(P34)
但我非常乐意帮忙，因为我知道这会帮助我们实现使黑人和白人平等的梦想。
归纳拓展
(1)be
equal
to
sth./doing
sth.等于/胜任某物/做某事
A
equals
B
in...A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌
without
equal无与伦比
have
no
equal
无与伦比；首屈一指
(2)equality
n．平等
equally
adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地
语境助记
①Little
pleasure
can
be_equal_to
that
of
a
cool
drink
in
hot
summer.
在炎热的夏天几乎没有任何乐趣能与饮一杯冷饮的乐趣相比。
②In
fact,
when
it
comes
to
the
art
of
war,
ants
have_no_equal.
事实上，论及战争的艺术，蚂蚁简直是无与伦比的。
③[牛津高阶]He
is
a
player
without_equal.
他是个无与伦比的运动员。
④Men
and
women
must
be
treated
equally
in
education
and
employment.
在教育和就业方面，男女必须得到平等的对待。
⑤[2016·北京高考]Learning
to
deal
with
the
social
world
is
equally_important.
学习与社交界打交道是同等重要的。
3 escape vi.&
n．逃脱；逃走；泄露 vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；被遗忘
It
was
a
prison
from
which
no
one
escaped.(P38)
那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。
归纳拓展
(1)escape
doing
sth.
逃避做某事
escape
from
从……逃脱；逃避
escape
one's
attention/notice
逃避某人的注意
(2)fire
escape
太平梯；安全梯，安全出口
a
narrow
escape
九死一生
(3)escaped
adj.
逃跑了的
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]He
escaped_from
prison
this
morning.
他今天早上从监狱里逃跑了。
②It
is
said
that
he
narrowly_escaped_being_killed
in
the
traffic
accident
the
other
day.
据说前些天他在交通事故里死里逃生。
③Compared
with
the_escaped_driver,_I
am
proud
of
what
I
did.
和逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的事情感到自豪。
④Last
year
I
had
a_narrow_escape,_and
I
don't
want
to
risk
my
life
a
second
time.
去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
⑤写出下列句子中escape的含义
a．So
sudden
was
the
attack
that
the
enemy
had
no
time
to
escape.逃离
b．Bob
looked
back
only
to
find
an
old
classmate
whose
name
escaped
him
for
the
moment.被遗忘
4 reward n．&
vt.报酬；奖金；酬劳；奖赏
They
said
that
the
job
and
the
pay
from
the
new
South
African
government
were
my
reward
after
working
all
my
life
for
equal
rights
for
the
Blacks.(P38)
他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。
归纳拓展
(1)as
a
reward
for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
get/receive
your
reward
获得回报
in
reward
(for...)作为(对……的)报答/奖赏
(2)reward
sb.
for
sth./doing
sth.为(做)某事而报答某人
reward
sb.
with
sth.用某物奖赏某人
(3)rewarding
adj.
值得的；有益的；有回报的
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]She
was
highly
rewarded_for
her
efforts.
因为努力，她颇受嘉奖。②She
started
singing
to
the
baby
and
was_rewarded_with
a
smile.
她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。
③[牛津高阶]He
rewarded_us_with
a
lot
of
money
for
helping
him.
他重金酬谢我们对于他的帮助。
④As_a_reward_for/In_reward_for
his
bravery,
the
soldier
was
given
a
medal.
为奖励他的勇敢，这个士兵被授予一枚奖章。
⑤It
is
unfair
that
he
gets
very
little
reward_for
his
hard
work.
他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。
⑥[一言辨异]Mo
Yan
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Literature
Prize
for
writing.
In
his
spare
time,
he
has
always
been
ready
to
help
young
writers.
How
can
we
reward
his
kindness
莫言被授予了诺贝尔文学奖。在他的业余时间，他总是乐意帮助年轻作家。我们该如何回报他的好意呢？
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He
rewarded
the
boy________
$10
________bringing
back
the
lost
dog.
答案：with;
for 考查固定搭配。reward
sb.
with
sth.
for
(doing)
sth.“为(做)某事用某物报答某人”。
2．The
old
lady
stood
by
the
road,
________
(beg)
the
passers
by
for
money.
答案：begging 考查分词作状语。the
old
lady与beg之间为主动关系，故填begging。
3．Tsinghua
University,
________
(found)
in
1911,
is
one
of
the
best
universities
in
China.
答案：founded 考查分词作定语。found意为“成立”，与Tsinghua
University之间为被动关系，故填founded。
4．Maggie
thought
it
was
________
(fair)
that
women
were
not
allowed
to
receive
education.
答案：unfair 考查词形转换。结合句意可知，填unfair“不公平的”。
5．We
should
be
________
(hope)
about
our
future
whatever
situation
we
are
in.
答案：hopeful 考查词性转换。系动词后应为形容词，结合语意可知，此处填hopeful。
6．Mr
Wang
made
up
his
mind
to
devote
all
the
time
he
could
spare
to
________
(improve)
his
oral
English
before
going
abroad.
答案：improving 考查固定搭配。devote
sth.
to
doing
sth.中to为介词，其后应跟v. ing形式。
7．Mike
often
attempts
to
escape
________
(fine)
whenever
he
breaks
traffic
regulations.
答案：being
fined 考查固定搭配escape
doing中动词do的被动用法。因为fine与Mike之间为被动关系，故填being
fined。
8．The
position
is
________
(equal)
suitable
for
a
school
leaver
or
for
somebody
who
has
office
experience.
答案：equally 考查词性转换。此处应填副词修饰suitable。
9．The
driver
declared
guilty
may
be
fined
a
maximum
of
HK
$25,000
and
________
(sentence)
to
up
to
3
years
in
prison.答案：be
sentenced 考查固定搭配。be
sentenced
to
“被判处……(徒刑)”。
10．________(devote)to
teaching,
as
we
know,
contributes
to
his
popularity
with
his
students.
答案：Being
devoted 考查动名词短语作主语。分析句子结构可知，contributes为谓语，故空格处应填动名词形式作主语。be
devoted
to“致力于”。
1 in
trouble
有麻烦；处于困难中
Elias
went
to
see
Nelson
Mandela
when
he
was
in
trouble.(P35)
伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊·曼德拉。
归纳拓展
get
into
trouble陷入困境；惹麻烦
_get
sb.
into/out
of
trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境
have
trouble/difficulty做某事有困难
ask/look
for
trouble
自找麻烦；自讨苦吃
take
(the)
trouble
to_do
sth.
费力/不辞辛苦地做某事(也可根据语境在trouble前加上a
lot
of/a
little/great等)
语境助记
①You
can't
imagine
the
trouble
I_had_persuading_him_to
change
his
mind.
你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难。
②Please
don't
hesitate
to
turn
to
us
for
help
whenever
you
have_trouble_with
your
study.
不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。
③As
is
known
to
us
all,
if
we
are
in_trouble,_it
is
not
our
phone,
but
our
friends
that
can
really
help
us
out.
众所周知，如果我们有困难，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。
④[牛津高阶]They
take_a_lot_of_trouble
to
find
the
right
person
for
the
right
job.
他们竭力寻找合适的人选。
⑤If
you
play
with
dangerous
chemicals
like
that
you're
just
asking_for_trouble.
如果你像那样摆弄危险的化学品，你简直是在自讨苦吃。
2 turn
to
转向；求助于……
Why
did
Nelson
Mandela
turn
to
violence
to
make
black
and
white
people
equal？(P35)
为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？
归纳拓展
(1)turn
away离开；转变……的方向
turn
down拒绝；调小
turn
off/on关掉/打开
turn
out证明是；结果是；生产
turn
(...)
into
(使……)变成
turn
over翻身；翻转；移交
turn
up露面；出现；开大
(2)in
turn
反过来，转而；轮流
take
turns
to_do/doing
sth.
轮流做某事
语境助记
①When
in
trouble,
you
should
turn_to_your_parents
for
help.
有麻烦的时候，你应该向父母求助。
②They
take_turns
to
look
after
their
sick
father
in
the
hospital.
他们轮流照顾生病住院的父亲。
③Tom
had
to
turn_down
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
上周末汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。
④Don't
worry,
I'm
sure
your
missing
glasses
will
turn_up
sooner
or
later.
别担心，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。
⑤The
car
skipped
and
turned_over.
汽车打滑向一侧翻倒了。
⑥[牛津高阶]Despite
our
worries
everything
turned_out
well.
尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。
⑦[2016·浙江高考]Don't
let
gossip
turn_into
lies.
不要让谣言变成谎言。
⑧写出下列句中turn
to的含义
a．Follow
the
main
road
until
it
branches
and
then
turn
to
the
left.转向
b．While
in
trouble,
you
can
turn
to
her
for
help.求助于
c．If
you
turn
to
page
40,
you
will
find
it.翻到
d．After
he
left
university
he
became
a
teacher,
but
later
turned
to
journalism.开始从事
3 lose
heart
丧失勇气/信心；灰心；泄气
The
scientist
from
whom
we
heard
the
good
news
never
lost
heart
when
he
was
in
trouble.(P37)
这位科学家遇到困难时从不灰心，我们从其口中获得好消息。
归纳拓展
lose
one's
heart
to
sb.爱上某人
put
one's
heart
into
一心扑在……上
learn
sth.
by
heart
背诵；记牢……
strike...into
one's
heart
使……刻骨铭心
open
your
heart
to
sb.
向某人敞开心扉；倾诉衷肠
heart
and
soul
全心全意
from
the
bottom
of
one's
heart
从某人的心底，真心实意地
名师点睛
短语lose
heart中heart前不能有任何修饰、限定成分，heart也不用复数形式。
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]We
should
not
lose_heart
in
face
of
difficulties.
If
we
work
hard,
we
will
find
a
way
out.
在面对困难的时候我们不应该丧失勇气，如果我们努力，我们就会找到出路。
②As
a
matter
of
fact,
nothing
is
too
difficult
if
you
put_your_heart_into_it.
事实上，世上无难事，只怕有心人。
③Thank
you
from_the_bottom_of_my_heart
for
your
generous
donations.
我从心底感谢你的慷慨捐赠。
过关演练
选词填空
out
of
work；
come
to
power；
be
equal
to；
be
devoted
to；
in
trouble；
blow
up；
in
my
opinion；
set
up；
in
reward
for ；
turn
to
1．He
received
high
praise
________
his
caring
about
the
old.
答案：in
reward
for
2．With
no
one
________
in
such
a
frightening
situation,
she
felt
very
helpless.
答案：to
turn
to
3．Being
________and
having
two
young
children,
they
found
it
hard
to
make
ends
meet.
答案：out
of
work
4．________，
most
people
learn
best
by
doing
things,
not
by
sitting
in
a
classroom
and
reading
about
it.
答案：In
my
opinion
5．Most
people
think
that
things
have
changed
for
the
better
since
the
new
government
________.
答案：came
to
power
6．A
police
officer
was
killed
when
his
car
________.
答案：blew
up
7．For
all
these
years
I
have
been
working
for
others,
I'm
hoping
I'll
________
my
own
business
someday.答案：set
up
8．He
admitted
that
their
marriage
was
________.
答案：in
trouble
9．He
________
the
work
of
helping
those
who
suffer
from
accidents
and
earthquakes.
答案：is
devoted
to
10．None
of
us
can
________
her,
either
in
beauty
or
as
a
dancer.
答案：be
equal
to
1 The
last
thirty
years
have
seen
the
greatest
number
of
laws
stopping
our
rights
and
progress,
until
today
we
have
reached
a
stage_where
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.(P34)
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
归纳拓展
(1)本句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词stage。
(2)当先行词是stage,
situation,
case,
position,
point,
family等词，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语时，将以上词看作地点，因而关系词常为in
which或where。
名师点睛
occasion作先行词，且从句中不缺主语和宾语时，若意为“时刻”，则选用关系副词when；若意为“场合”，则选用关系副词where。
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]Having
gone
through
the
long
process
with
art,
rock
climbing,
and
reading
and
writing,
now
I've
got
to
a
point
in
my
life
where
I
know
I
am
smart
enough
to
dive
into
an
area
that
is
totally
unknown,
hard,
but
interesting.
在经历了漫长的学习旅途——艺术、爬山、读书、写作——之后，现在我到了人生的这样一个阶段——我知道自己足够聪明可进入一个完全不熟悉的、艰难的，却有趣的领域。
②The
project
aims
to
get
kids
to
a
stage
called
“deep
reading”，
where
they
can
read
to
learn.
这一项目旨在使孩子们进入深度阅读的阶段，在这一阶段他们可以为了学习而读书。
③You
could
get
into
a
situation
where
you
have
to
decide
immediately.
你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。
④I
can
think
of
various
cases
where
students
obviously
know
the
problems
but
can't
work
them
out.
我可以想出多种情况，在这些情况下，学生们显然知道问题所在，却不能解决它们。
⑤Sales
director
is
a
position
where
communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
skills.
销售经理是一个交流能力与销售技能同等重要的职位。
2 I
felt
bad
the_first_time
I
talked
to
a
group.(P38)
我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。
归纳拓展
(1)名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：
＝as
soon
as
一……就……
(2)
(3)有时副词也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，它们是：instantly,_immediately,_directly等，都相当于as
soon
as。
(4)hardly/scarcely...when...以及no
sooner...than...意为“一……就……”，从句常用一般过去时态，主句用过去完成时，且hardly/scarcely/no
sooner位于句首时，要用部分倒装。
语境助记
①The_first_time
I
interviewed
him,
he
looked
a
bit
nervous.
我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。
②[2016·浙江高考]Every_time
he
arrived
home
at
the
end
of
the
day,
we'd
greet
him
at
the
door.
每次他忙碌一天回到家，我们都会在门口相迎。
③[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]I
remember
you
showed
me
some
photos
on
that
theme
the_last_time
you
visited
our
school.
我记得上次你参观我们学校的时候给我看过一些关于这一主题的照片。
④[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]By_the_time
the
group
got
up
to
leave,
it
was
pouring
outside.
当这群人起身要走的时候，外边正在下着倾盆大雨。
⑤[牛津高阶]Immediately/As_soon_as/Directly/Instantly
she'd
gone,
I
remembered
her
name.
她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。
⑥No_sooner
had
we
arrived
at
the
station
than
the
train
left.
我们刚到车站，火车就离开了。
易混辨析
the
first
time
用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”
for
the
first
time
是介词短语，只能用作状语，不可用来引导状语从句，意为“第一次”
⑦单句改错
Naturally,
you
were
nervous
when
you
went
on
the
platform
the
first
time.
platform后加for
3 ...only_then
did
we
decide
to
answer
violence
with
violence.(P34)
……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
归纳拓展
本句中only
then放句首，句子使用了部分倒装结构
only＋状语＋部分倒装
名师点睛
(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；
(2)only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。
语境助记
①Only
recently
have
I
allowed
myself
to
think
of
that
again.
只有到了最近，我才允许自己再次考虑那个问题。
②Only
by
saying
polite
words
can_you
get
on
well
with
others.
只有说话礼貌你才能和其他人相处得好。
③Only
after
we'd
had
the
car
for
a
few
days
did_we_realize
we'd
been
taken
in
by
the
dealer.
车子到手几天后，我们才明白我们被经销商骗了。
④Only_I
know
him
here.
在这里，只有我认识他。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The
media
can
often
help
solve
problems
and
draw
attention
to
situations
________
help
is
needed.
答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且先行词表地点，故填where。
2．Only
after
Mary
read
her
composition
a
second
time
________
she
notice
the
spelling
mistakes.
答案：did 考查倒装句。“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
3．Hardly
had
I
got
to
the
office
________
my
wife
phoned
me
to
go
back
home
at
once.
答案：when 考查固定句式。hardly...when...表示“一……就……”。
4．My
mom
didn't
wait
a
moment,
but
came
________
(direct)
she
received
my
call.
答案：directly 考查directly充当连词的用法。directly表示“一……就……”。
5．I
can
hardly
remember
any
occasions
________
I
get
caught
in
a
traffic
jam
in
our
town.
答案：when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，根据语意可知，此处occasion意为“时刻”，故填when。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Believe
it
or
not,
the
man
________
has
been
free
for
two
years.
信不信由你，这个被判过死刑的人已经自由了两年。
答案：sentenced
to
death
2．I
was
very
nervous
________________I
gave
a
speech
in
the
meeting
hall.
我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。
答案：the
first
time
3．Do
you
know
who
was
________________the
gold
medal
in
the
2014
Asian
Games
你知道谁是第一位在2014年亚运会上获得金牌的运动员吗？
答案：the
first
athlete
to
win
4．________________
when
I
enjoyed
most
as
a
student.
这是我作为学生最快活的时光。
答案：This
was
a
time
定语从句(Ⅱ)
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when,
where,
why引导，它们在从句中作状语。
关系副词
用法
when
其先行词常常是表示时间的名词，如：time,
day,
hour,
year等，when代替先行词在从句中作时间状语
where
其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如：place,
room,
house,
street,
area等，
where在从句中代替先行词作地点状语
why
常用在先行词reason后，代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，也可用for
which来代替
名师点睛
选择关系副词作关系词的原则是：从句中不缺少主语、宾语和表语，然后根据先行词表示的时间，地点和原因来确定when，
where，
why。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．[2016·北京高考]Last
year,
I
spent
all
my
time
looking
for
a
job
________，
without
dealing
with
the
public,
I
could
work
alone,
but
still
have
a
team
to
talk
to.
答案：where 考查定语从句。先行词是a
job,
where引导定语从句，相当于in
which。句意：去年，我一直在找一个不用和公众打交道，可以独自做事，但还能与团队交谈的工作。
2．I
don't
know
the
reason
________
you
were
absent
from
the
meeting
and
I'm
sure
that
someone
will
tell
me
the
reason
________
you
haven't
told
me.
答案：why;
which/that 考查定语从句。第一个从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词为reason，故用关系副词why引导；第二个从句中缺少宾语，先行词指物，故填关系代词which/that。
3．We
went
through
a
period________
communications
were
very
difficult
in
the
rural
areas.
答案：when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填when。
4．Everyone
will
go
through
life's
stages
of
ups
and
downs,
________
self respect
plays
a
key
role
in
the
maturity
of
a
person.
答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中缺少状语，且先行词stage表地点。
5．The
yellow
house
________
windows
face
south
is
the
place
________
I
spent
my
childhood.
答案：whose;
where 考查定语从句。第一空前的先行词与空格后的名词为所属关系，故填whose；第二空后的从句中不缺句子成分，且先行词表地点，故填where。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
Winston
Churchill
was
born
on
November
30,
1874,
in
England.
He
served
in
the
British
Army
until
1899.
The
following
year,
Churchill
began
his
long
career
in
the
government.
Churchill
was
elected
to
various
positions
for
the
next
several
years.
After
the
beginning
of
World
War
Ⅱ，
Churchill
was
appointed
First
Lord
of
the
Admiralty.
In
early
May,
the
former
Prime
Minister
of
England
resigned
and
Churchill
was
appointed
to
the
position
by
King
George
Ⅵ.
England's
army
suffered
many
losses
early
on
and
Churchill
faced
a
great
deal
of
criticism.
But
one
of
the
major
contributions
he
made
to
the
eventual
victory
was
his
ability
to
inspire
the
British
people
to
greater
effort
by
making
public
broadcasts
on
significant
occasions.
As
a
brilliant
public
orator
(演说家),
he
was
a
tireless
source
of
strength
to
people.
On
October
29,
1941,
Churchill
made
a
speech
at
Harrow
School
which
he
attended
as
a
youth.
Part
of
the
speech
included
the
lines,
“Never
give
in
except
to
convictions
(信念)
of
honor
and
good
sense.
Never
yield
to
force;
never
yield
to
the
apparently
overwhelming
might
of
the
enemy.”
He
also
used
the
phrase
“Never,
never,
never
give
up”
in
his
personal
writing
and
correspondence
(信件)．
Churchill
lost
his
bid
for
re election
in
1945
and
shortly
thereafter
suffered
his
first
stroke.
He
remained
active
in
politics,
returning
to
the
Prime
Minister
position
in
1951,
until
his
health
forced
him
to
retire.
Throughout
his
life
he
was
an
enthusiastic
writer
and
even
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Literature.
Sir
Winston
Churchill
passed
away
on
January
24,
1965.
篇章导读：本文是关于温斯顿·丘吉尔的一篇传记，简述了其辉煌的一生。
1．The
text
is
developed
by
________.
A．providing
examples
B．
following
time
order
C．making
comparisons
D．
following
space
order
答案：B 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章主要按照人物事件发生的先后顺序展开，即时间顺序。
2．By
using
the
lines
from
Churchill's
speech,
the
author
wants
to
prove
that
________.
A．Churchill
always
accepted
his
mistakes
B．Churchill
was
thankful
for
his
home
country
C．Churchill
was
a
tireless
source
of
strength
to
people
D．Churchill
mainly
inspired
young
people
to
make
greater
effort
答案：C 推理判断题。联系第二段最后一句和第三段第二句可推知，引用丘吉尔演讲的台词主要是为了证明他一直是人们的力量源泉。
3．What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
Churchill
A．Admiring.
B．
Skeptical.
C．Sympathetic.
D．
Disappointing.
答案：A 推理判断题。通读全文并根据文中出现的褒义词(如：contributions,
inspire,
brilliant,
enthusiastic等)可以看出，作者对丘吉尔是充满钦佩之情的。
4．This
text
can
be
classified
as
a
________.
A．historical
story
B．
medical
report
C．news
report
D．
biography
答案：D 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要按照时间顺序简要介绍了温斯顿·丘吉尔的生平，故本文为一篇传记。
1．appoint
vt.
任命；委派
2．resign
v.
辞职；放弃(工作或职位)
3．criticism
n．批评；指责
4．victory
n．胜利；成功
5．overwhelming
adj.
难以抗拒的；压倒性的
1．lose
one's
bid
失利
2.pass
away
去世
B
[2017·河南八市质检]Chinese
New
Year
celebrations,
also
known
as
the
Spring
Festival
start
on
the
23rd
day
of
the
12th
lunar
month
of
the
Chinese
calendar,
and
end
on
the
15th
day
of
the
first
lunar
month
in
the
following
year
in
the
Chinese
calendar.
Chinese
New
Year's
Day's
date
is
calculated
according
to
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar.
In
2015
it's
Thursday,
February
19.
Many
people
clean
their
homes
to
welcome
the
Spring
Festival.
They
put
up
the
red
posters
with
poetic
verses
on
it
to
their
doors,
Chinese
New
Year
pictures
on
their
walls,
and
decorate
their
homes
with
red
lanterns.
It
is
also
a
time
to
reunite
with
relatives,
so
many
people
visit
their
families
at
this
time
of
the
year.
In
the
evening
of
the
Spring
Festival
Eve,
many
people
set
off
fireworks
and
firecrackers,
hoping
to
cast
away
any
bad
luck
and
bring
forth
good
luck.
Children
often
receive
lucky
money.
Many
people
wear
new
clothes
and
send
Chinese
New
Year
greetings
to
each
other.
Various
activities
such
as
beating
drums
and
striking
gongs,
as
well
as
dragon
and
lion
dances,
are
all
part
of
the
Spring
Festival
festivities.
The
Spring
Festival
is
a
national
holiday
in
China.
Government
offices,
schools,
universities
and
many
companies
are
closed
during
the
period
from
the
Spring
Festival
Eve
to
the
seventh
day
of
the
first
lunar
month
in
the
Chinese
calendar.
However,
some
enterprises
such
as
banks
often
arrange
for
workers
to
be
on
shift
duty.
Public
transport
is
available
during
the
Chinese
New
Year
period.
The
red
posters
with
poetic
verses
on
it
were
initially
a
type
of
amulet
(驱邪物),
but
now
it
simply
means
good
fortune
and
joy.
Various
Chinese
New
Year
symbols
express
different
meanings.
For
example,
an
image
of
a
fish
symbolizes
“having
more
than
one
needs
every
year”.
A
firecracker
symbolizes
“good
luck
in
the
coming
year”.
The
festival
lanterns
symbolize
“pursuing
the
bright
and
the
beautiful”．
篇章导读：春节是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，也象征着团结、兴旺，是对未来寄托新的希望的佳节。从腊月二十三到正月十五人们一直沉浸在欢乐的节日中。
5．The
passage
mainly
tells
us
________.
A．Chinese
New
Year
is
around
the
corner
B．what
people
usually
do
during
Chinese
New
Year
C．how
people
treat
each
other
on
the
special
day
D．Chinese
New
Year
witnesses
the
longest
holidays
答案：B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在文中主要讲述了中国的春节，以及在春节前后人们所做的活动。
6．Traditionally
Chinese
New
Year
will
last
about
______.
A．23
days
B．
15
days
C．7
days
D．
25
days
答案：A 细节理解题。依据第一段可知，春节始于腊月二十三，到来年的正月十五结束，历时23天的时间。
7．The
original
purpose
of
the
red
posters
is
________.
A．to
show
some
wonderful
poems
to
others
B．to
decorate
the
house
with
bright
colors
C．to
drive
the
evils
away
from
their
homes
D．to
welcome
friends
and
relatives
warmly
答案：C 细节理解题。依据尾段的第一句可知，最初在门上贴红色的对联是为了驱邪。故选C。
8．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
________.
A．the
New
Year
symbols
mean
good
for
the
future
B．giving
lucky
money
is
a
must
for
parents
C．the
Chinese
celebrate
the
festival
differently
D．the
staff
in
banks
have
a
seven－day
holiday
答案：A 推理判断题。依据尾段可知，不管是对联、爆竹、鱼还是节日的灯都意味着对未来的美好祝愿。故选A。
1．lunar
adj.
阴历的；月亮的
2．decorate
v.
装饰；装修
3．various
adj.
各种各样的
4．available
adj.
可得到的；空闲的
5．fortune
n.
命运；运气
1．set
off
动身；起程；引爆
2．as
well
as
除……之外，还……
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
4
Reasons
Change
Is
Good
for
You
We
all
know
that
change
is
hard
because
your
brain
is
used
to
doing
the
same
thing
over
and
over
again.
___1___
But
the
positive
consequence
is
really
great.
Here
are
four
reasons
why
change
is
good
for
you：
___2___
Life
in
the
comfort
zone
is
easy.
You
simply
follow
a
routine
and
you
can
predict
the
consequences.
Outside
of
the
comfort
zone,
your
assumptions
are
challenged.
The
idea
of
doing
the
same
thing
over
and
over
without
question
is
discouraged.
You
get
to
experience
more.
___3___
When
you
look
back
on
your
life,
all
of
the
really
amazing
things
are
because
of
a
new
experience
you
had.
All
of
those
vacations
you
took
and
all
of
the
people
you
have
met
have
taught
you
more
than
you
ever
learned
in
school.
These
experiences
now
make
up
who
you
are
today.
You'll
be
more
flexible
and
adaptable.
Without
doubt,
change
makes
your
more
flexible
and
adaptable.
You
learn
to
deal
with
things
in
a
way
that
seems
foreign
but
acceptable
and
achievable.
___4___
You
begin
to
thrive
(兴旺)
in
new
situations
because
you
have
proven
to
yourself
that
you
can,
not
only
handle
change,
but
FLOURISH.
You
have
more
fun.
When
you
are
open
to
change,
you
are
open
to
saying
YES
to
more.
You
are
open
to
more
experiences
and
opportunities.
___5___
When
you
add
all
of
these
things
together,
you
are
going
to
have
a
more
colorful
life
and
you'll
have
a
ton
of
fun
figuring
it
all
out
along
the
way—there's
no
doubt
about
it.
A．You
are
pushed
out
of
your
comfort
zone.
B．Experience
is
waiting
for
you
at
the
doorstep.
C．You
have
the
opportunity
to
meet
more
people
too.
D．Whether
the
change
is
good
or
bad
for
you,
it
does
happen.
E．We
also
know
how
challenging
it
can
be
to
go
through
change.
F．Then,
you'll
be
more
confident
when
in
the
next
uncomfortable
situation.
G．Change
is
good
because
you
have
the
chance
to
involve
in
new
experiences.
篇章导读：众所周知改变是件不容易的事情。但是学会改变的确对人们有着积极的影响。本文介绍了四种改变给人们带来的好处。
1．E 根据上文内容及后句的转折可以判断，前句是讲述关于改变的不容易。故选E。
2．A 本段介绍人们适应了舒适的生活，而学着改变则是在强迫人们走出舒适区域。故选A。
3．G 根据段落标题可知，本段是介绍改变能够让人们体验更多新事物，此处的信息提示词是experience。故选G。
4．F 前句介绍改变可以让人们以一种不熟悉的方式去处理问题，而F选项内容是当下次遇到不安的情况时，人们就有了自信，由此判断F选项可以承上启下，提示词是foreign和next
uncomfortable
situation。
5．C 前句内容是介绍改变会给人们带来更多的机会和体验，由此可知，它同时也能够使人们接触更多的人。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时10′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I
remember
the
occasion
when
mother
sent
me
to
the
main
road,
about
twenty
yards
away
from
our
house,
to
invite
a
passing
group
of
seasonal
work－seekers
for
a
meal.
She
___1___
(instruct)
me
to
take
a
basket
along
and
collect
dry
cow
dung
(牛粪)
for
making
a
fire.
I
was
then
to
prepare
the
meal
for
the
group
of
work－seekers.
___2___
thought
of
making
an
open
fire
outside
at
midday,
and
___3___
(cook)
in
a
large
three－legged
pot
in
that
intense
heat,
was
sufficient
to
upset
even
an
angel.
I
did
not
manage
to
hide
my
feelings
from
my
mother
and,
after
serving
the
group,
she
called
me
to
the
veranda
(走廊)
___4___
she
usually
sat
to
attend
to
her
sewing
and
knitting.
___5___
straight
into
my
eyes,
she
asked
“Why
did
you
get
angry
___6___
I
requested
you
to
prepare
a
meal
for
those
poor
people？”
___7___
my
attempt
to
deny
her
blame,
using
the
heat
of
the
fire
and
the
sun
as
an
excuse
for
my
rude
behavior,
mother,
she
gave
me
a
firm
look,
___8___
(say),
“You
cannot
detect
what
trouble
may
lie
ahead
of
you.”
I
___9___
(sudden)
realized
that
if
I
had
refused
to
offer
this
group
of
people
a
meal,
___10___
would
be
impossible
that
in
my
travels
some
time
in
the
future,
I
would
get
these
individuals'
help.
篇章导读：小时候，母亲让“我”到“我们”家附近的路上邀请那些找季节性工作的人来“我”家吃午饭。“我”还得捡干牛粪生火，所以“我”感到心烦。看到“我”一脸的不悦，母亲批评了“我”一顿。“我”认识到，也许有一天，“我”会需要这些人的帮助。
1．instructed 考查动词的时态。本空在主语后，空格处需填谓语动词，整篇文章用的是一般过去时，因此应填动词的一般过去式。
2．The 考查冠词。本空在名词前，填定冠词The，表示特指。
3．cooking 考查动名词。由空格前的and可知，本空与前面的短语making
an
open
fire
outside
at
midday并列，作介词of的宾语，因此填cooking。
4．where 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词the
veranda为地点名词，是关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此填关系副词where。
5．Looking 考查现在分词作状语。本空应填现在分词Looking，表示伴随状况。由语境可知，母亲直视着作者的眼睛，问作者为什么因帮助别人而闷闷不乐。
6．when 考查状语从句。根据句意可知，空格处需填连词when，连接时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
7．Despite/Regardless
of 考查介词(短语)。结合语境可知，此处填介词Despite“尽管”或介词短语Regardless
of
“不顾，不管”。
8．saying 考查现在分词作状语。mother与say之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴随状况。
9．suddenly 考查副词。空格在动词前，应填副词suddenly作状语，修饰动词。
10．it 考查代词。代词it用作形式主语，代替后面的that引导的主语从句。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
[2017·河北武邑调研]假如你是高中三年级的学生李华，你们学校组织了一项“有烦恼向谁说”的调查活动。请用英语给校报编辑写一封信，反映相关情况。内容包括：调查结果(如图所示)、持相应想法的理由及你对调查结果的看法。
注意：1.信的开头和结尾已经给出；
2．词数100词左右。
Dear
Editor，
I
am
a
Senior
Three
student.
Recently
we
have
carried
out
a
survey
—
“To
whom
do
you
go
when
in
trouble？”
The
results
are
as
follows.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
[标准范文]
Dear_Editor，
I_am_a_Senior_Three_student._Recently_we_have_carried_out_a_survey—“To_whom_do_you_go_when_in_trouble？”_The_results_are_as_follows.
61%
of
the
students
surveyed
select
friends
or
schoolmates
as
their
ideal
listeners
when
they
have
trouble,
the
reason
of
which
is
that
they
are
in
the
same
age
group
and
have
a
better
understanding
of
each
other.
Another
22%
choose
teachers
and
parents
to
talk
to.
They
suggest
that
teachers
and
parents
are
rich
in
life
and
educational
experiences.
Nevertheless,
there
are
also
17%
who
don't
share
their
troubles
at
all.
They
say
that
their
troubles
are
none
of
others'
business.
They
find
it
hard
to
get
along
with
others.
It
is
not
easy
to
reach
definite
conclusions
based
on
such
a
small
example.
However,
some
general
comments
can
be
made.
It
seems
clear
from
the
response
that
some
students
lack
communication
with
others,
and
teachers
and
parents
need
to
play
a
more
important
role
in
their
lives.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
