话题素材——野生动物保护
好词
1.decrease
v.
减少；降低
2.conservation
n.
保存；保护
3.survival
n.
幸存；存活
4.habitat
n.
栖息地
5.peaceful
adj.
和平的
6.attach_importance_to...
认为……很重要
7.take_action
采取行动
8.do
what
we
can
尽我们所能
9.do_harm/damage_to对……有伤害
10.keep
the
balance
of...
保持……平衡
11.be
concerned
about
关注；担心
12.cut_down
砍伐
13.live
in
harmony
with...
与……和谐相处
14.run
out
of
用完；用尽
15.arouse
people's
awareness
of
environmental
protection
提高人们的环保意识
佳句
1.There_is_no
denying
that
it_is_human_beings_that
led
to
the
disapperance
of
the
poor
animals.
不能否认的是正是人类才导致了这些可怜的动物的消失。
2.With_your_help,_we
believe
we
can
improve_the_living_environment
of
the
animals
soon,
thus
increasing
its
number.
在你的帮助下，我们相信我们很快就能够改善动物的生存环境，这样它们的数量就会增加。
3.Powerful_measures_should_be_taken
to
punish
those
who
do_harm_to
wildlife.
应采取强有力的措施去惩罚那些伤害野生动物的人。
[精美语篇]
With
the
development
of
society
and
economy,
many
animals
have
disappeared
during
the
long
history
of
the
earth
and
many
more
are
in
danger
of
extinction
for
many
reasons.
Above
all,
their
habitat
is
threatened,
resulting
in
a
lack
of
food.
Besides,
they
are
being
hunted
without
mercy.
As
we
know,
animals
are
our
friends.
To
protect
them
is
to
protect
ourselves.
So
we
should
first
raise
people's
awareness
of
protecting
the
environment
and
not
buying
products
of
endangered
species
because
when
the
buying
stops,
the
killing
can,
too.
Second,
we
can
collect
money
to
help
protect
wildlife
and
build
reserves.
As
for
the
government,
it
should
pass
laws
to
prevent
endangered
animals
from
being
hunted.
In
a
word,
human
beings
should
learn
to
live
in
peace
with
wildlife.
If
everyone
makes
a
little
contribution,
it
will
make
a
big
difference
for
wild
animals.
Let's
take
action
right
now.
高频单词
1．protection
(n.)
保护→protect
(vt.
&
vi.)
保护→protective
(adj.)
保护的
2．decrease
(vi.&
vt.)
减少；(使)变小；(使)变少→increase
(vi.
&
vt.)
(反义词)增加
3．loss
(n.)
损失；遗失；丧失→lose
(vt.
&
vi.)
遗失；丢失；损失→lost
(adj.)
迷路的；迷失的
4．reserve
(n.)
保护区
(vt.)
保留；预留
5．hunt
(vt.
&
vi.)
打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunter
(n.)
猎人→hunting
(n.)
狩猎运动；打猎
6．respond
(vi.)
回答；响应；做出反应→response
(n.)
回答；反应
7．distant
(adj.)
远的；远处的→distance
(n.)
距离；远方
8．relief
(n.)
(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve
(vt.)
使减轻；缓解
9．laughter
(n.)
笑；笑声→laugh
(v.&n.)
笑；发笑→laughing
(adj.)
可笑的；带笑意的
10．mercy
(n.)
仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful
(adj.)
仁慈的；宽容的
11．contain
(vt.)
包含；容纳；容忍→container
(n.)
容器
12．affect
(vt.)
影响；感动；侵袭→affection
(n.)
喜爱；感情→effect
(n.)
影响；效果；作用
13．appreciate
(vt.)
鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation
(n.)
欣赏；感谢
14．succeed
(vi.)
成功
(vt.)
接替；继任→success
(n.)
成功→successful
(adj.)
成功的→successfully
(adv.)
成功地
15．employ
(vt.)
雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer
(n.)
雇主→employee
(n.)
雇员；雇工→employment
(n.)
雇用；使用；就业→unemployment
(n.)
(反义词)失业；失业率16．harm
(n.
&
vt.)
损害；危害→harmful
(adj.)
有害的→harmless
(adj.)
无害的
17．bite
(vt.
&
vi.)
咬；叮；刺痛→bit
(过去式)→bitten
(过去分词)
18．inspect
(vt.)
检查；视察→inspection
(n.)
视察→inspector
(n.)
检查员；视察员
19．incident
(n.)
事件；事变
20．secure
(adj.)
安全的；可靠的→security
(n.)
安全；安全感
21．fierce
(adj.)
凶猛的；猛烈的→fiercely
(adv.)
凶猛地；凶残地
重点短语
1．die_out
灭亡；逐渐消失
2．in_peace
和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．in_danger_(of)
在危险中；垂危4．in_relief
如释重负；松了口气
5．burst_into_laughter
突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
6．protect...from
保护……不受……(危害)
7．pay_attention_to
注意
8．pick_out
挑选出
9．come_into_being
形成；产生
10．according_to
按照；根据……所说
11．so_that
以至于；结果
12．do_harm_to
损害；伤害；对……有害
热点句型
1．as引导方式状语从句
It
shows
the
importance
of
wildlife
protection,
but
I'd
like
to
help
as_the_WWF_suggests
(按照世界野生生物基金会的建议)．(教材P26)
2．be
to
do表示将来的打算。be
to后接动词原形表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方的意见。
What
must
be
done
if
wildlife
protection
is_to_succeed
(想要成功)？(教材P27)
3．the
way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in
which的定语从句。
They
learned
this
from
the_way_the_bones_were_joined
(骨骼的连接方式)
together.(教材P30)
4．It
is
a
pity
that...“遗憾的是……”
It_is_a_pity_that
(很遗憾)in
the
story
nobody
helped
the
dodo.(教材P31)
5．There
be/no...left.“剩下……/所剩无几”
This
is
the
only
home
of
the
red
Colobus
monkey
but
there_are_very_few_left
(所剩无几)．(教材P32)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Please
take
me
to
a
distant
land
________
I
can
find
the
animal
________
gave
fur
to
make
this
sweater.
答案：where;
that/which
2．You
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
rainforest
________
I
live
and
appreciate
how
the
animals
live
together.
答案：where
3．The
flying
carpet
travelled
so
fast
________
next
minute
they
were
in
Zimbabwe.
答案：that
4．It
contains
a
________
(power)
drug
which
________
(affect)
mosquitoes.
答案：powerful;
affects
5．In
Tibet
Daisy
saw
an
antelope
________
(look)
sad.
答案：looking
6．Daisy
had
always
longed
________
(help)
endangered
species
of
wildlife.
答案：to
help
7．Tourists
were
allowed
________
(hunt)
only
a
certain
number
of
animals
if
they
paid
the
farmers.
答案：to
hunt
8．Flying
carpet,
please
show
me
a
place
________
there's
some
wildlife
protection.
答案：where
9．All
letters
have
a
start
and
an
________
(end)．
答案：ending
10．They
were
surprised
________
(find)
that
these
dinosaurs
could
not
only
run
like
the
others
________climb
trees.
答案：to
find;
but
(also)
1 mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
Farmers
hunted
us
without
mercy.(P26)
农民们毫不留情地捕杀我们。
归纳拓展
(1)ask/beg
for
mercy
请求宽恕
同情/宽恕某人
with
mercy
仁慈地
without
mercy
残忍地；毫不留情地
at
the
mercy
of
任由……摆布
it's
a
mercy
(that)
幸运的是……
(2)merciful
adj.
仁慈的；宽容的
merciless
adj.无情的；冷酷的
be
merciful
to
对……仁慈
语境助记
①He
went
down
on
his
knees
and
begged_for_mercy.
他跪下来，乞求宽恕。
②We
had
no
alternative
but
to
be
at_the_mercy
of
the
sea.
我们除了任由大海的摆布外别无选择。
③He
showed_no_mercy_to
his
enemies.
他对敌人毫不仁慈。
④It's_a_mercy
that
she
wasn't
hurt
in
the
accident.
她在事故中未受伤，真是万幸。
2 contain vt.包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制
It
contains
a
powerful
drug
which
affects
mosquitoes.(P26)
它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。
归纳拓展
contain
oneself
控制/克制自己
container
n．容器；集装箱，货柜
语境助记
①This
drink
doesn't
contain_any_alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
②[2016·四川高考]When
condors
eat
dead
bodies
of
other
animals
containing_lead,_they
absorb
large
quantities
of
lead.
当秃鹰吃了含铅的动物的死尸，它们就吸收了大量的铅。
③Hearing
the
disappointing
news,
he
was
too
sad
to
contain_
himself.
听到这个失望的消息，他太伤心了而不能抑制自己。
④Food
will
last
longer
if
kept
in
an
airtight
container.
如果贮藏在密封的容器里，食物能保持比较久的时间。
图解助记
⑤[一言辨异]The
container
contains
many
kinds
of
fruits,
including
apples/apples
included.
容器里装有许多种水果，包括苹果。
3 affect vt.影响；感动；使感染；侵袭
It
contains
a
powerful
drug
which
affects
mosquitoes.(P26)
它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。
归纳拓展
(1)be
affected
by
heat/cold
中暑/着凉
be
affected
with
a
high
fever发高烧
be
greatly/deeply
affected很/深受感动
(2)have
an
effect
on...对……产生影响
take
effect
生效；奏效
come
into
effect生效；实行
be
of
no
effect无效的；无用的
(3)affection
n．感情；喜爱；影响；感染
语境助记
①She
was_deeply_affected
by
the
news
of
his
death.
他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
②Global
warming
is
having_a_great_effect_on
hundreds
of
plant
and
animal
species
around
the
world,
changing
some
living
patterns,
scientists
say.
科学家说，全球变暖正对世界各地成百上千的动植物物种产生巨大的影响，改变了一些生活方式。
③[牛津高阶]Does
television
affect
children's
behaviour
＝Does
television
have_an_effect_on
children's
behaviour
电视对孩子的行为有影响吗？
④[2016·北京高考]On
the
20th
of
that
month,
Dr
Welch
examined
a
sick
boy,
Billy,
and
knew
he
had
diphtheria,
a
deadly
infectious
(传染的)
disease
mainly
affecting_children.
在当月的20号，韦尔奇医生给一个生病的男孩比利做了检查，了解到他患的是白喉，这是一种主要感染小孩的致命传染病。
⑤Affected_with_a_high_fever,_he
continued
with
his
work.
尽管发高烧，他仍然继续他的工作。
⑥She
was
held
in
deep
affection
by
all
her
students.
她的学生都十分爱戴她。
4 appreciate
vt.欣赏；感激；理解；意识到
You
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
rainforest
where
I
live
and
appreciate
how
the
animals
live
together.(P26)
你们应该多关注我所生活的热带雨林，并且理解热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。归纳拓展
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v. ing
重视；感激
I
would
appreciate
it
if...假如……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation
n．欣赏；感激
in
appreciation
of...
作为对……的感谢；为感谢……
appreciative
adj.感激的
名师点睛
1 appreciate后不接不定式。其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。
2 appreciate后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语意上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即“appreciate
it＋if/when...”，类似用法的动词有：dislike，
hate，
love，
depend
on，
rely
on，
like等。
语境助记
①I'd
appreciate
your
writing_me_back
as
soon
as
possible.
你尽快回信，我会感激不尽的。
②I
would
appreciate_it_if
you
can
give
me
some
advice
on
how
to
solve
these
problems.
如果你能给我一些解决这些问题的建议，我会很感激的。
③Here
I
sincerely
expressed_my_appreciation
if
you
could
help
find
the
lost
suitcase.
如果您能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。
④Being_appreciated
by
others
is
something
that
always
makes
people
happy.
被人赏识总是一件令人愉快的事情。
⑤[牛津高阶]Please
accept
this
gift
in_appreciation_of
all
you
have
done
for
us.
承蒙鼎力相助，不胜感激，谨备薄礼，敬请笑纳。
5 succeed vi.&
vt.成功；接替；继任
What
must
be
done
if
wildlife
protection
is
to
succeed？(P27)
要成功地保护野生动植物必须做什么？
归纳拓展
(1)succeed
in
doing
sth.成功做了某事
succeed
to
sth.继承
succeed
sb.
as...接替某人成为……
(2)success
n．[U]成功，成就；[C]成功的人或事
successful
adj.成功的
successfully
adv.成功地
be
successful
in/at
(doing)
sth.
(做)某事取得成功
名师点睛
success表示“成功的人或事”时，failure表示“失败的人或事”时，都是可数名词。
语境助记
①He
had
to
succeed_to
the
business
when
his
father
passed
away.
当他父亲去世时他不得不继承他父亲的事业。
②It
never
occurred
to
me
that
you
could
succeed_in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.
我从未想过你会成功地劝他改变主意。
③In
a
word,
success
is
important,
and
so
is
failure,
because
it's
the
mother
of
success.
总之，成功是很重要的；失败也很重要，因为失败是成功之母。
④His
first
book
was
a_great_success
and
he
has
been
famous
as
a
writer
ever
since.
他的第一本书非常畅销，从那时起他就作为一名作家而出名。
⑤[牛津高阶]They
were_successful_in
winning
the
contract.
他们终于争取到了那份合同。
6 employ vt.
雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
Can
they
be
employed
to
work
in
the
park
and
not
hurt
the
animals？(P27)
他们能被雇去公园工作并且不伤害动物吗？
归纳拓展
(1)employ
sb.
as...
雇用某人任……
employ
sb.
to_do
sth.
雇用某人做某事
(2)employer
n.
雇主
employee
n．雇员；受雇者
employment
n.
职业；工作；使用
名师点睛
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]For
the
past
three
years
he
has_been_employed_as
a
firefighter.三年来他一直受雇为消防员。
②He
has_been_employed_in_writing
a
new
book
these
days.
这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。
③Graduates
are
finding
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
find
employment.
毕业生感到找工作越来越难。
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．I
said
to
her,
but
she
made
no
________
(respond)．
答案：response 考查词性转换。make
no
response
“未做回应”。
2．Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
________
(harm)
as
well.
答案：harmful 考查词性转换。系动词后跟形容词作表语，故填harmful。
3．________
(decrease)
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
environment,
more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
答案：To
decrease 考查不定式作目的状语。
4．The
railway
station
is
at
a
________
(distant)
of
two
miles
away
from
our
school.
答案：distance 考查词性转换。at
a
distance
of...意为“……距离”。
5．His
amusing
performance
caused
a
roar
of
________
(laugh)
in
the
audience.
答案：laughter 考查词性转换。a
roar
of
laughter“放声大笑”。
6．He
looked
about
for
her
everywhere,
feeling
deeply
frustrated
at
her
________
(disappear)．
答案：disappearance 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词后跟名词，故空格处填所给词的名词形式。
7．He
________
(bite)
by
an
insect
in
the
garden
when
he
was
walking
there.
答案：was
bitten
考查时态和语态。He与bite之间是被动关系，且根据下文可知，用一般过去时。
8．I
really
appreciate
________
(give)
such
a
good
opportunity.
I
won't
let
you
down.
答案：being
given 考查“appreciate＋doing”结构。I与give之间为被动关系，故填being
given。
9．To
our
________
(relieve),
the
missing
child
returned
home
ten
days
later,
tired
but
healthy.
答案：relief 考查固定搭配。to
one's
relief
意为“让某人欣慰的是”。
10．The
severe
flood
in
South
China
meant
a
great
________
(lose)
to
our
country.
答案：loss 考查词性转换。a
loss
to...意为“对……来说是一种损失”。
1 die
out
灭亡；逐渐消失
As
a
result
these
endangered
animals
may
even
die
out.
(P25)
结果，这些濒危动物甚至可能会灭亡。
归纳拓展
(1)
die
away(声音；光线等)逐渐消失
die
of/from因……而死
die
down减弱；平息
die
off相继死亡
(2)be
dying
for很想要；渴望
be
dying
to_do
sth.极想干某事
语境助记
①Some
rare
birds
in
the
area
are
in
danger
of
dying_out
because
of
human
activities.
这一地区的一些稀有鸟类由于人类活动正面临灭绝的危险。
②As
the
sound
of
the
music
died_away,_the
film
came
to
an
end.
随着音乐声渐渐消失，电影结束了。
③The
apple
trees
in
the
field
are
all
dying_off
from
disease.
地里的苹果树一棵接一棵地病死了。
④Although
the
wind
has
died_down,_the
rain
remains
steady,
so
you
still
need
a
raincoat.
尽管风减弱了，雨仍然下着，因此你仍需要一件雨衣。
⑤London
was
a
new
world
to
me
and
I
was_dying_to_find_out
more
about
it
for
myself.
伦敦对于我来说是个新世界，我渴望更多地了解这个城市。
2 protect...from/against...
保护……不受……(危害)
“I'm
protecting
myself
from
mosquitoes，”
it
replied.(P26)
它回答说：“我正在保护自己不被蚊子叮咬。”
归纳拓展
(1)protect...against保护……以防……
阻止……做某事
(3)under
the
protection
of...
在……的保护下
名师点睛
1 表示“保护……免受……的损害或侵犯”时常用结构protect...against/from...来表示，但较大的事件 如天灾 多用against，小事件 如冷气 则用from。
2 在prevent/stop...from
doing
sth.中的from在主动句中可以省略，而在被动句中不可省。keep...from
doing
sth.中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。
3 defend...from“保卫……以免于”。
语境助记
①In
summer,
many
people
usually
wear
dark
glasses
to
protect
their
eyes
from
the
sun.
在夏天，很多人通常戴墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激。
②Something
must
be
done
to
keep/prevent/stop
the
environment
from_being_polluted.
必须采取措施保护环境免受污染。
③He
asked
to
be
put
under_police_protection.
他请求警方保护。
3 pay
attention
to
注意
You
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
rainforest
where
I
live...(P26)
你应多关注我所居住的热带雨林……
归纳拓展
(1)catch/draw/attract
sb.'s
attention
to...吸引某人对……的注意
focus/fix/concentrate
one's
attention
on/upon...把注意力集中在……
turn
one's
attention
to...将注意力转向……
(2)May
I
have
your
attention,
please
相当于Attention,
please！请注意！
名师点睛
pay
attention
to
中的to为介词，类似短语还有be
used
to
习惯于 ；look
forward
to
盼望 ；get
down
to 开始着手 ；adapt
to 适应 等，平时注意积累。
语境助记
①We
should
pay_more_attention_to
the
needs
of
older
people.
我们应该更加关注老年人的需求。
②You
speak
English
very
well,
but
more
attention
should
be_paid
to
your
written
English.
你英语说得非常好，但应多注意书面英语。
③He
stood
there,
his
attention
fixed/focused/concentrated
on
the
notice
on
the
wall.
他站在那儿，集中注意力看墙上的布告。
④It's
high
time
that
the
government
should_pay_attention_to/paid_
attention_to
the
housing
problems
of
the
average
people.
是政府应当关注普通老百姓住房问题的时候了。
过关演练
选词填空
burst
into
laughter；
in
relief；
according
to；
in
danger
of ；
come
into
being；
pay
attention
to；
die
out；
so
that；
in
peace；
protect...from
1．Hearing
the
joke,
everyone
in
the
room
couldn't
help
________.
答案：bursting
into
laughter
2．In
fact,
half
of
the
6,000
to
7,000
languages
spoken
around
the
world
will
likely
to________
by
the
next
century.
答案：die
out
3．Be
sure
to
________protecting
the
environment
and
think
of
others
while
travelling.
答案：pay
attention
to
4．Using
too
much
water
or
throwing
rubbish
into
our
rivers
are
clear
ways
that
humans
can
put
our
water
supply
________.
答案：in
danger
5．He
ate
snow
and
drank
water
from
a
nearby
stream
________
his
body
wouldn't
lose
too
much
water.
答案：so
that
6．________
a
new
study,
we
should
be
placing
a
higher
value
on
motherhood
all
year.
答案：According
to
7．A
line
of
forts
(堡垒)
was
built
along
the
border
to
________
the
country
________
being
attacked.
答案：protect;
from
8．After
handing
in
his
paper,
he
returned
to
his
seat
________.
答案：in
relief
9．People
around
the
world
are
hoping
to
live
a
happy
life
________.
答案：in
peace
10．After
a
heated
discussion
at
the
meeting,
a
new
plan
________，
which
would
have
a
great
effect
on
the
cultural
life
of
the
people.
答案：came
into
being
1 It
shows
the
importance
of
wildlife
protection,
but
I'd
like
to
help
as_the_WWF_suggests.
(P26)
这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
归纳拓展
as在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同；像……一样”。
as作为连词的用法主要有：
(1)“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句；
(2)“当……时候；一边……一边；随着”，引导时间状语从句；
(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句；
(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于
as
前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词)；
(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个
as
是副词，第二个
as
是连词)。
语境助记
①When
in
Rome,
do_as
the
Romans
do.
入乡随俗。(在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做。)
②We
don't
see
things
as_they_are;_we
see
them
as_we_are.
我们所看见的不是事物的本质，而是自己的样子。
③As_children_get_older,_they
become
more
and
more
interested
in
everything.
随着孩子们一天天长大，他们对所有的事物都变得越来越感兴趣。
④As_you're_not
feeling
well,
you
may
stay
at
home.
既然身体不舒服，那你就待在家里吧。
⑤Child_as_he_is,_he
knows
a
lot.
虽然他是个孩子，他懂得很多。
⑥写出下列句中as的含义
a．Tired
as
they
were,
they
worked
on.尽管
b．[2016·浙江高考]As
I
type
this,
I
am
in
my
university
dorm
room.当……时候
c．Ann
wouldn't
write
down
a
series
of
facts
in
her
diary
as
most
people
do.按照；如同
d．[2016·浙江高考]Planning
is
good
as
it
decides
in
detail
how
we
do
what
we
want
to
do.因为；由于
2 They
learned
this
from
the_way
the
bones
were
joined
together.(P30)
他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
归纳拓展
在含有定语从句的复合句中，the
way作先行词时有以下三种情况：
(1)关系词在定语从句中作状语，关系词用in_which，that或省略；
(2)关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用that或which；
(3)关系词在从句中作宾语，关系词用that，which或省略。
名师点睛
way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可以接动词不定式或of
doing
sth.作定语。
语境助记
①Treat
others
in
the_way
you
want
to
be
treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
②The
way
in_which或that
he
speaks
to
us
is
really
annoying.
他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。
③The
way
that/which_came_up
at
the
meeting
was
unpractical.
在会议上提出的方法不切合实际。
④Is
this
the
way
you
can
imagine
to_reduce/of_reducing
the
air
pollution
这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Young
________
she
is,
she
has
travelled
to
many
countries
to
put
on
shows.答案：as 考查连词。句意：尽管她很年轻，她却已经去过很多国家进行巡回演出了。as引导让步状语从句，从句使用部分倒装。
2．Not
only
the
students
but
also
the
teacher
________
(be)
against
the
plan
at
that
time.
答案：is 考查“就近原则”。not
only...but
(also)．..
连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数与临近的主语保持一致。
3．________two
exams
to
worry
about,
I
have
to
work
really
hard
this
weekend.
答案：With 考查with复合结构。根据句式分析可知，此处表示“有两场考试需要我去担心”。
4．The
way
________
he
though
of
to
solve
the
problem
is
a
clever
one.
答案：which/that 考查定语从句的连接词。分析句子结构知，the
way
作先行词，其后的定语从句中缺少宾语，故填that或which。
5．With
time
________(go)
by,
all
of
you
have
grown
into
big
boys
or
big
girls.
答案：going 考查with复合结构。go与time之间为主动关系，故填going。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Many
Native
Americans
value
silence
and
feel
it
is
a
basic
part
of
communicating
among
people,
just
______________.
许多印第安人都很重视沉默，认为它是人与人之间进行交流的一个基本组成部分，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人认为的一样。
答案：as
some
traditional
Chinese
and
Thai
persons
do
2．Much
too
often,
something
that
happens
in
your
daily
life
will
change
______________
and
the
people
in
it.
通常，发生在你日常生活中的事情会改变你看待这个世界以及这个世界中的人的方式。
答案：the
way
you
look
at
the
world
3．I
had
heard
of
him
________
I
came
here.
早在我来这儿很久以前我就听说过他的情况。
答案：long
before
现在进行时的被动语态
含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
结构
1．肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋being
done
They
are
building
a
modern
school
in
his
hometown.
①A
modern
school
is
being
built
in
his
hometown.
(改为被动语态)
2．否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋not
being
done
②A
modern
school
is
not
being
built
in
his
hometown.
(把①句改为否定句)
3．一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are(not)＋主语＋being
done
③Is
a
modern
school
being
built
in
his
hometown
(把①句改为一般疑问句)
4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋am/is/are(not)＋主语＋being
done
④Where
is
a
modern
school
being
built
(对①句就in
his
hometown进行提问)
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．After
school,
we
went
to
the
reading
room
to
do
some
reading,
only
to
be
told
that
it
________
(decorate)．答案：was
being
decorated 考查过去进行时的被动语态。分析语意可知，动作当时正在进行，且与主语之间为被动关系，结合主句谓语went，故填was
being
decorated。
2．The
meeting
which
________
(hold)
now
is
of
great
importance.
答案：is
being
held 考查现在进行时的被动语态。hold与meeting之间为动宾关系，结合时间状语now可知，用现在进行时的被动语态。
3．Your
experiment
report
________(type)
now
and
it
will
be
finished
soon.
答案：is
being
typed 考查现在进行时的被动语态。type与report之间为动宾关系，结合时间状语now可知，用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：你的实验报告正在被打印，不久就完成了。
4．It
is
reported
in
the
newspaper
that
several
new
subway
lines
________(build)
in
Wuhan.
答案：are
being
built 考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：据报纸上报道，在武汉有几条地铁线正在被建中。
5．The
report
________(print)
here.
I
will
hand
it
to
you
in
ten
minutes.
答案：is
being
printed 考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：报告正在被打印，我会在10分钟后给你。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时22′)
My
daughter
has
been
crazy
about
raising
a
pet
for
a
long
time.
Last
spring
I
bought
two
newly－hatched
chickens
for
her.
She
got
__1__and
took
good
care
of
them.
__2__，
a
few
days
later,
both
chickens
died.
She
__3__
into
tears
because
of
their
death.
I
helped
her
__4__
the
two
chickens
under
a
tree
behind
our
house.
I
thought
it
would
be
the
__5__
of
her
idea.
__6__，
I
was
wrong.
Children
are
children
__7__.
The
failure
hasn't
__8__
my
daughter
in
any
way.
She
still
tried
to
keep
a
small
animal
or
even
a
snail.
One
day
last
winter,
I
__9__
under
the
eaves
(屋檐)
of
the
house
a
family
of
sparrows
(麻雀).
My
daughter
and
I
could
__10__
the
sparrows
as
our
“pets”，
but
we
didn't.
So
I
told
her
to
__11__
the
grains
on
the
windowsill
(窗台).
A
few
minutes
later,
the
sparrows
came
to
land
on
the
windowsill
__12__
and
pecked
(啄)
at
the
rice.
Suddenly
my
daughter
asked
me,
“Mum,
can
we
catch
and
__13__
the
sparrows,
and
let
them
live
with
us
in
the
room
How
__14__
it
is
for
them
to
live
outside.”
“Oh,
my
dear,
I
do
not
think
it's
a
good
__15__.
You
know，”
I
explained
to
her.
“The
sparrow
is
a
bird
who
loves
__16__.
No
one
can
keep
them
in
a
cage.
If
they
are
caught,
they
will
__17__quickly.
They
are
__18__
to
living
outside.
Moreover,
they
have
warm
nest
under
the
eaves.”
From
then
on,
we
have
set
up
a
kind
of
relationship
with
the
sparrow
family.
We
feed
them
frequently
and
__19__
them
as
pet
birds.
However,
we
do
not
need
to
possess
them.
We
__20__
seeing
these
little
birds
flying
and
jumping
among
branches,
leaves
and
flowers
in
the
spring
morning.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了虽然女儿喜欢饲养宠物，但是我们却没有把树上的麻雀抓进笼子养起来，而是选择让它们自由飞翔、跳跃，并通过喂养它们与它们建立了深厚的友谊。
1．A.surprised
B．
excited
C．disappointed
D．
amazed
答案：B'由首句“My
daughter
has
been
crazy
about
raising
a
pet...”可知，“我”给她买了两只刚孵出来的小鸡使她非常兴奋。
2．A.Naturally
B．
Suddenly
C．Unfortunately
D．
Finally
答案：C 由设空后的“...
a
few
days
later,
both
chickens
died.”可知，两只小鸡不幸死去了，故用unfortunately。
3．A.broke
B．
bore
C．burst
D．
turned
答案：C 由上文可知，因为她如此喜爱的两只小鸡死了，所以女儿放声大哭。burst
into
tears“突然放声大哭”，符合语境。
4．A.bury
B．
put
C．dig
D．
set
答案：A 由空格后的“...under
a
tree
behind
our
house.”可知，当小鸡死后，“我们”把它们埋在了树下。因此bury符合语境。
5．A.end
B．
beginning
C．wish
D．
reality
答案：A 根据下文所述可知，此处表示“我”原以为，她以后就再也不想养小宠物了，这次经历断了她的念想。因此选A。
6．A.Thus
B．
Then
C．Therefore
D．
However
答案：D “I
was
wrong.”与“I
thought
it
would
be
the
end
of
her
idea.”前后构成转折关系。因此选D。
7．A.at
all
B．
in
all
C．after
all
D．
for
all
答案：C 本句的句意为：孩子毕竟是孩子。after
all“毕竟”，符合语境。
8．A.upset
B．
encouraged
C．helped
D．
impressed
答案：A'由后面的“She
still
tried
to
keep
a
small
animal
or
even
a
snail.”可知，这次养小鸡的失败经历并没有给她太大的打击。
9．A.stared
B．
noticed
C．sensed
D．
glared
答案：B 本句的句意为：我注意到在房子的屋檐下有一窝麻雀。notice“注意到”，符合语境。
10．A.look
B．
act
C．catch
D．
feed
答案：C 由后文女儿的建议“Mum，can
we
catch...”以及“我”的回答可知，“我们”本来是可以抓住麻雀当作宠物的。D有一定的干扰性，联系后文“...but
we
didn't.”以及后来“我们”一起喂养这些麻雀，可以排除其他选项。
11．A.throw
B．
pour
C．pile
D．
scatter
答案：D 由空格后的“...the
grains
on
the
windowsill.”可知，“我”告诉她把谷粒撒在窗台上。scatter“均匀撒开”，符合语境。
12．A.one
after
another
B．
one
another
C．every
other
D．
each
other
答案：A 此处表示麻雀陆续落在窗台上，因此用one
after
another“一个接一个”。one
another与each
other都表示“彼此”；every
other意为“每隔一个”。
13．A.stay
B．
cage
C．love
D．
watch
答案：B 由空格前的“...can
we
catch...”可知，她想把它们养在笼子里，cage在这里是动词，意为“用笼子养”。
14．A.free
B．
happy
C．cold
D．
warm
答案：C 由空格前的“...let
them
live
with
us
in
the
room”以及空格后的“...to
live
outside.”可知，她认为麻雀在外面太冷了。
15．A.way
B．
idea
C．plan
D．
advice
答案：B'根据上下文可知，此处表示“我”认为女儿想把麻雀养在笼子里的想法不好，故用idea。
16．A.freedom
B．
spring
C．trees
D．
nests
答案：A'由空格后的“No
one
can
keep
them
in
a
cage.”可知，它们不喜欢待在笼子里，它们喜欢自由。
17．A.please
B．
starve
C．suffer
D．
die
答案：D'上文提到没有人可以把它们养在笼子里，再结合常识可知，如果它们被关进笼子，很快就会死掉的。
18．A.safe
B．
proud
C．grateful
D．
used
答案：D'由上文内容及空格后的“...to
living
outside.”可知，它们习惯于住在外面。be
used
to
doing...为固定搭配，意为“习惯于……”。再联系后面的“Moreover,
they
have
warm
nest
under
the
eaves.”也可以得出答案。
19．A.think
B．
dream
C．treat
D．
appreciate
答案：C'此处表示“我们”把它们当作宠物鸟来养。treat...as...意为“对待；把……看作”。
20．A.enjoy
B．
would
like
C．want
D．
consider
答案：A'根据上文可知，“我们”已经把它们当作宠物来养，所以“我们”非常喜欢看它们在春天的早晨在花和枝叶间飞翔、跳跃。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·石家庄摸底]Visitor
Oyster
cards
are
electronic
smartcards
that
come
fully
charged
with
credit.
Whether
you're
making
a
one－off
trip
to
London
or
you're
a
regular
visitor,
using
an
Oyster
travel
smartcard
is
the
easiest
way
to
travel
around
the
city's
public
transport
network.
Simply
touch
the
card
on
the
yellow
card
reader
at
the
doors
when
you
start
and
end
your
journey.
Advantages
of
a
Visitor
Oyster
Card
A
Visitor
Oyster
card
is
one
of
the
cheapest
ways
to
pay
for
single
journeys
on
the
bus,
Tube,
DLR,
tram,
London
Overground
and
most
National
Rail
services
in
London：
●Save
time－your
card
is
ready
to
use
as
soon
as
you
arrive
in
London.
●It's
more
than
50%
cheaper
than
buying
a
paper
travel
card
or
single
tickets
with
cash.
●There
is
a
daily
price
cap－once
you
have
reached
this
limit,
you
won't
pay
any
more.
●Enjoy
special
offers
and
promotions
at
leading
London
restaurants,
shops
and
entertainment
venues－plus
discounts
on
the
Emirates
Air
Line
cable
car
and
Thames
Clippers
river
buses.
Buy
a
Visitor
Oyster
Card
Buy
a
Visitor
Oyster
card
before
you
visit
London
and
get
it
delivered
to
your
home
address.
A
card
costs
￡3
(non－refundable)
plus
postage.
Order
online
and
arrive
with
your
Oyster
in
hand!
You
can
also
buy
a
Visitor
Oyster
card
from
Gatwick
Express
ticket
offices
at
Gatwick
Airport
Station
and
on
board
Eurostar
trains
travelling
to
London.
Add
Credit
to
Your
Visitor
Oyster
Card
You
can
choose
how
much
credit
to
add
to
your
card.
If
you
are
visiting
London
for
two
days,
you
can
start
with
￡20
credit.
If
you
run
out
of
credit,
add
credit
at
the
following
locations：
●Touch
screen
ticket
machines
in
Tube,
DLR,
London
Overground
and
some
National
Rail
stations.
●Around
4,000
Oyster
Ticket
Stops
found
in
newsagents
and
small
shops
across
London.
●TFL
Visitor
and
Travel
Information
Centers.
●Tube
and
London
Overground
station
ticket
offices.
●Emirates
Air
Line
terminals.
篇章导读：本文讲述的是一种智能卡“Visitor
Oyster”。介绍了它的优点，如何去购买以及如何充值等相关信息。
1．When
can
you
use
your
Visitor
Oyster
card
A．After
you
become
a
regular
visitor.
B．Only
when
you
end
your
journey.
C．Once
you
arrive
in
London.
D．Before
you
leave
home.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Whether
you're
making
a
one－off
trip
to
London
or
you're
a
regular
visitor”可知，应选C。
2．What
can
we
learn
about
the
Visitor
Oyster
card
A．It
can
reach
you
before
your
journey
to
London.
B．It
requires
you
to
pay
as
much
as
the
daily
price
cap.
C．It
can
provide
you
a
50%
discount
at
a
London
shop.
D．It
can
be
delivered
to
your
home
address
free
of
charge.
答案：A 推理判断题。由Advantages
of
a
Visitor
Oyster
Card中信息点可知，B项与C项错误；由Buy
a
Visitor
Oyster
Card中第一句可知，D项错误。故选A。
3．Where
can
you
add
credit
to
your
Visitor
Oyster
card
A．On
the
Internet.
B．At
a
Tube
station
ticket
office.
C．On
Eurostar
trains.
D．At
Gatwick
Express
ticket
offices.
答案：B 细节理解题。由Add
Credit
to
Your
Visitor
Oyster
Card中的信息点可知，答案选B。
1．charge
v．/n.
索价；控告；费用
2．advantage
n.
优势；优点
3．discount
n．/vt.
折扣；打折
4．deliver
v.
发表；递送；接生
5．terminal
n．/adj.
终端；最后的
1．pay
for
为……而付钱
2.add
to
增加；添加
B
From
smartphones
to
electric
cars,
you
may
already
be
amazed
by
the
technology
that
surrounds
your
daily
life.
If
you're
amazed
because
it
feels
like
you're
already
living
in
a
sci－fi
movie,
just
wait
until
you
hear
the
following
amazing
tech.
Virtual
reality
It's
predicted
that
virtual
reality
will
have
its
first
billiondollar
year.
It's
not
surprising;
think
about
all
the
new
virtual
reality
tech
that's
coming
out
these
days—Oculus
Rift,
Samsung
Gear
VR,
and
even
Google
Cardboard.
What
makes
virtual
reality
really
amazing
is
the
ways
it's
currently
being
used.
We've
all
seen
how
Facebook
is
starting
to
use
360
video
to
create
more
immersive
(沉浸式虚拟现实的)
video
content,
but
start－up
Rukkus
is
taking
that
one
step
further.
It
is
using
virtual
reality
to
allow
people
to
get
a
virtual
experience
of
their
exact
seat
before
buying
their
ticket.
Genetic
(基因的)
testing
In
2007
it
cost
1
million
dollars
to
have
your
DNA
sequenced
(测定序列).
In
2009,
that
number
dropped
to
$48,000.
Today,
it
costs
less
than
$1,000
to
have
your
DNA
sequenced
thanks
to
the
fast
development
of
this
tech.
Why
should
people
have
their
DNA
sequenced
Imagine
a
medical
test
that
allows
you
to
take
a
look
at
your
future
and
see
possible
health
risks.
This
gives
you
the
ability
to
fight
off
any
issues
before
they
ever
happen.
Also,
it
tells
you
if
you
are
a
carrier
of
any
diseases
that
you
could
pass
on
to
your
children.
Drones
(无人驾驶飞机)
On
the
surface,
it
could
look
like
drones
are
just
another
fashion.
What
can
you
really
do
with
them
besides
films
or
races
As
of
right
now,
that's
all
you
can
do.
However,
the
future
of
drones
has
much
more
in
store.
Big
organizations
like
Amazon
are
planning
to
use
drones
for
shipping
purposes.
Imagine
buying
something
online
and
having
it
delivered
in
a
matter
of
hours,
rather
than
days.
篇章导读：文章介绍了几项非常先进的技术及其应用。
4．What
does
Rukkus
allow
people
to
do
A．Play
sports
games
virtually
at
home.
B．Reject
more
immersive
video
content.
C．Receive
tickets
to
games
without
leaving
home.
D．Experience
seats
virtually
before
buying
tickets.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据Virtual
reality下的最后一句可知，Rukkus使人们可以在买票前虚拟体验一下座位。故选D。
5．What
does
the
author
intend
to
show
by
mentioning
the
costs
of
DNA
sequencing
A．DNA
sequencing
is
really
important.
B．It's
costly
to
have
our
DNA
sequenced.
C．Genetic
testing
tech
has
developed
fast.
D．Everyone
should
have
their
DNA
sequenced.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据Genetic(基因的)testing下的两段内容可知，基因测试的费用越来越低，而这项技术的意义很大，这些说明了基因检测技术发展迅速。
6．In
the
future
drones
may
be
widely
used
to
________.
A．deliver
goods
B.
make
movies
C．compete
in
races
D．
transport
passengers
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后两句可知，无人驾驶飞机在将来可能被广泛用于快速运送货物。故选A。
1．virtual
adj.
虚拟的
2.predict
v.
预言；预测
3．create
v.
产生；创造；创作
4.deliver
v.
交付；发表；递送
1．thanks
to多亏；由于
2.pass
on
to
传给；传递
3．as
of从……日起，截至……
4．have...in
store有……等待着；储藏着……；准备着……
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2016·遵义联考]Li
Ying
came
to
Canada
to
study
in
Grade
Ten
and
enter
a
public
school.
She
was
disappointing
because
the
teachers
and
students
didn't
help
her
very
much,
but
she
couldn't
take
any
interesting
subjects.
A
year
later,
she
came
to
a
private
school
that
she
had
a
custom－tailored
program,
which
got
her
take
seven
courses.
She
got
a
plenty
of
individual
attentions
from
the
teachers.
Besides,
she
did
a
step－by－step
preparation
to
enter
a
directly
six－year
study
program.
Then
she
got
accepted
into
four
programs.
Under
the
help
of
the
teachers,
she
really
learned
many.
答案：
Li
Ying
came
to
Canada
to
study
in
Grade
Ten
and
a
public
school.
She
was
because
the
teachers
and
students
didn't
help
her
very
much,
she
couldn't
take
any
interesting
subjects.
A
year
later,
she
came
to
a
private
school
she
had
a
custom－tailored
program,
which
got
her
take
seven
courses.
She
got
plenty
of
individual
from
the
teachers.
Besides,
she
did
a
step－by－step
preparation
to
enter
a
six－year
study
program.
Then
she
got
accepted
into
four
programs.
the
help
of
the
teachers,
she
really
learned
.
第一处：enter→entered 由上文中的“came”可知，应用一般过去时。
第二处：disappointing→disappointed 人称代词she作主语，应用disappointed作表语。
第三处：but→and 由上下文可知，此处应用and表并列。
第四处：that→where where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
第五处：take前加to get
sb.
to
do
sth.
“使某人做某事”。
第六处：去掉plenty前的a plenty
of...“充足的；大量的”。
第七处：attentions→attention attention常用作不可数名词。
第八处：directly→direct 形容词direct修饰名词短语six－year
study
program。
第九处：Under→With with
the
help
of
sb.
“在某人的帮助下”。
第十处：many→much much修饰动词learned。话题素材——文娱
好词
1．audience
n.
听众；观众
2.entertain
v.
使愉快；娱乐
3．reputation
n.
名誉；名声
4.performance
n.
表演；履行
5．well known
adj.
著名的
6.classical
music
古典音乐
7．dream_of
梦想
8.dance
to
music
伴随着音乐跳舞
9．have
an
appetite
for
爱好；渴望
e_up_with
提出
11．form
a
band
组建乐队
12．ask_sb._for_advice_on_sth.
向某人征求关于某事的建议
13．in_one's_spare_time
在某人的空余时间
14．have_a_talent/gift_for
在……有天赋
15．hit
the
world
overnight
一夜成名
佳句
1．Good
music
can
not_only
make
people
feel
relaxed,
but_also_
purify_the_human_mind_.
好的音乐不但使人们感觉轻松，而且净化人的心灵。
2．It_is_said_that
there
will
be
a
concert
conducted_by_a_
world famous_conductor
on
Sunday
evening.
据说，周日晚上有一场音乐会，由一位世界著名的指挥家指挥。
3．Besides,
learning_a_musical_instrument
will
help
your
children
develop
concentration,
patience
and
perseverance,
which_will_help_
them_later_in_life.
此外，学习弹奏乐器培养小孩的注意力、耐心和毅力，这对于他们以后的人生有帮助。
[精美语篇]
Music
plays
an
important
role
in
our
life.
First,
it
can
make
us
feel
relaxed
both
mentally
and
physically,
thus
helping
reduce
our
pressure
at
work
and
in
life.
Second,
music
can
excite
and
encourage
us
as
well
whenever
we
meet
troubles
and
feel
sad.
What's
more,
music
can
have
a
comforting
effect
when
we're
worried
and
help
us
step
out
of
difficulty.
In
addition,
music,
as
a
universal
language,
can
be
of
great
help
on
the
way
to
learning
another
culture.
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
music
is
part
of
our
life.
We
can't
live
a
happy
life
without
the
company
of
music.
高频单词
1．roll
(vt.
&
vi)
滚动；(使)摇摆
(n.)
摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈
2．musician
(n.)
音乐家→music
(n.)
音乐→musical
(adj.)
音乐的3．pretend
(vt.)
假装；假扮
4．attach
(vt.
&
vi.)
系上；缚上；附加；连接→attachment
(n.)附件，附属物
5．form
(vt.)
(使)组成；形成；构成6．passer by
(n.)
过路人；行人→passers by
(pl.)
7．earn
(vt.)
赚；挣得；获得→earning
(n.)
薪水；工资
8．extra
(adj.)
额外的；外加的
9．instrument
(n.)
工具；器械；乐器
10．perform
(vt.&
vi.)
表演；履行；执行→performance
(n.)
表演；演奏→performer
(n.)
表演者
11．millionaire
(n.)
百万富翁；富豪→
million
(n.)
一百万
12．actor
(n.)
男演员；行动者→act
(v.)
行动；行为→action
(n.)行动；行为过程→active
(adj.)活跃的；积极的→actress
(n.)
女演员
13．rely
(vi.)
依赖；依靠→reliable
(adj.)
可靠的；可信赖的
14．broadcast
(n.
&
vi.
&
vt.)
广播；播放→broadcast
(过去式/过去分词)
15．painful
(adj.)
痛苦的；疼痛的→pain
(n.)
疼痛
16．humorous
(adj.)
幽默的；诙谐的→humor
(n.)
幽默
17．familiar
(adj.)
熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
18．attractive
(adj.)
吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract
(vt.)
吸引；引起→attraction
(n.)
吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物
19．dip
(vt.)
浸；蘸→dipped
(过去式/过去分词)
20．confident
(adj.)
自信的；确信的→confidence
(n.)
自信；信任
21．brief
(adj.)
简短的；简要的(n.)
摘要；大纲→briefly
(adv.)
简要地；短暂地
22．devotion
(n.)
投入；热爱→devote
(vt.)
奉献；致力于→devoted
(adj.)
献身的；忠诚的
23．invitation
(n.)
邀请；招待→invite
(vt.)
邀请；招致→inviting
(adj.)
诱人的；吸引人的
24．sensitive
(adj.)
敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的→sense
(n.)
感觉；感官
重点短语
1．attach...to 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接
2．be/get_familiar_with
熟悉；与……熟悉起来
3．break_up
打碎；分裂；解体
4．in_addition
另外；也
5．above_all
最重要的是；首先
6．to_be_honest
说实在地；说实话
7．in_cash
用现金；有现钱
8．play_jokes_on
戏弄
9．rely_on
依赖；依靠
10．or_so
大约
11．sort_out
分类
12．have_a_good_knowledge_of
精通；通晓
热点句型
1．“代词＋of＋which”构成的定语从句
The
musicians
were
to
play
jokes
on
each
other
as
well
as
play
music,
most_of_which
(其中大多数)was
based
loosely
on
the
Beatles.(教材P34)
2．过去分词短语作定语
Each
week
on
TV,
the
Monkees
would
play
and
sing
songs
written_by_other_musicians
(由别的音乐家创作的)．(教材P34)
3．not...
without...双重否定句式
Freddy
and
his
band
could_not_go_out_anywhere_without_being_
followed
(无论走到哪里都会有人跟随)．(教材P38)
4．as
if引导方式状语从句
Their
personal
life
was
regularly
discussed
by
people
who
did
not
know
them
but
talked
as_if_they_were_close_friends
(就像他们是密友)．(教材P38)
5．adj.＋enough
to
do
sth.
……足够……以至于……
Anyhow
their
performance
were
humorous_enough_to_be_copied
(非常幽默以至于被模仿)
by
other
groups.(教材P34)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．There
have
been
many
popular
bands
in
the
world,
________
which
the
most
famous
was
the
Beatles.
答案：of
2．They
put
an
advertisement
in
a
newspaper
________
(look)
for
rock
musicians.
答案：looking/to
look
3．They
were
so
popular
________
their
fans
formed
clubs
in
order
to
get
more
familiar
________
them.
答案：that;
with
4．Sometimes
they
may
play
to
________
(passer by)
in
the
street
or
subway
so
that
they
can
earn
some
extra
money
for
themselves.
答案：passers by
5．As
some
of
these
actors
could
not
sing
________
(good)
enough,
they
had
to
rely
________
other
musicians
to
help
them.
答案：well;
on
6．They
may
start
as
a
group
of
high school
students,
________
whom
practising
their
music
in
someone's
house
is
the
first
step
to
fame.
答案：for
7．His
most
________
(excite)
invitation
was
to
perform
on
a
TV
programme________
(call)
“Top
of
the
Pops”．
答案：exciting;
called
8．Fans
showed
their
devotion
________
them
by
waiting
for
hours
to
get
tickets
for
their
concerts.
答案：to
9．He
enjoyed
________
(sing)
and
all
the
________
(congratulate)
afterwards!
答案：singing;
congratulations
10．So
they
left
Britain,
________
which
they
were
never
to
return,
and
went
back
to
the
lake.
答案：to
1 pretend vt.假装；假扮
Do
you
sing
karaoke
and
pretend
you
are
a
famous
singer
like
Song
Zuying
or
Liu
Huan？(P34)
你唱卡拉OK并假装你是宋祖英或刘欢那样的著名歌星吗？
归纳拓展
名师点睛
pretend后接动词不定式作宾语时，根据不同的语境要求，不定式可以采用一般式、进行式、完成式来表达不同的时间概念。有类似用法的动词还包括：happen，
appear，
seem，
claim及be
said
to
do
sth.等结构。
语境助记
①He
pretended
to_be_friendly
to
us.
他假装对我们很友好。
②The
boy
pretended_to_be_concentrating_on
his
lesson,
but
in
fact
his
mind
was
wandering.
那个男孩假装在专注于功课，但事实上他的思想在开小差。
③Jacy
pretended_to_have_known
everything
about
it
and
said
nothing.
杰西假装已了解了一切，什么也没有讲。
④单句改错
He
would
ask
who
we
were
and
pretend
not
to
knowing
us.
knowing改为know
2 attach vt.&
vi.附上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接
To
be
honest,
a
lot
of
people
attach
great
importance
to
becoming
rich
and
famous.(P34)
说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。
归纳拓展
(1)attach...to...认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接
attach
importance/significance/value
to认为……有重要性(或意义、价值等)
attach
oneself
to
sb.与某人在一起；缠着某人
attach
to
sb./sth.(使)与某人/物有关系/有关联
(2)attached
adj.依恋；附属于
be
attached
to附属于；依恋
名师点睛
语境助记
①My
parents
always
attach_great_importance_to
my
getting
a
good
education.
父母一直认为我接受良好的教育非常重要。
②Attach
a
recent
photograph
to
your
application
form.
申请表上请贴一张近照。
③This
hospital
is_attached_to
the
medical
college
nearby.
这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
④He
is
deeply
attached_to
his
mother.
他深深地依恋着自己的母亲。
3 form n．形状；形态；外形；表格；形式 v．(使)组成；形成；构成；排列
But
just
how
do
people
form
a
band？(P34)
但是人们是怎样组成一个乐队的呢？
归纳拓展
(1)form
the
habit
of养成……的习惯
form
into组成……；编成……
(2)be
in/out
of
form处于良好的/不良的状态
in
the
form
of以……的形式；呈……的状态
take
the
form
of采取……的形式；表现为……的形式
fill
in/out
a
form填表格
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Hundreds
of
people
have
formed_impressions
of
you
through
that
little
device
(装置)
on
your
desk.
成百上千的人会通过你桌子上的小装置，对你形成一定的印象。
②A
habit
is
difficult
and
sometimes
almost
impossible
to
get
rid
of
once
formed.
习惯一旦形成，就很难、有时几乎不可能改掉。
③To
apply
for
a
job,
you
must
fill_in
a
form.
要申请工作，你必须填份表。
④You'd
sound
a
lot
more
polite
if
you
make
a
request
in_the_form_of
a
question.
如果你以问问题的方式提出请求，你听起来会更有礼貌。
4 familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
They
were
so
popular
that
their
fans
formed
clubs
in
order
to
get
more
familiar
with
them.(P34)
他们如此受欢迎以致歌迷们为了更加了解他们而成立了俱乐部。
归纳拓展
(1)be
familiar
with熟悉；通晓
其主语通常是指人的名词，with的宾语是主语通晓的事物
(2)be
familiar
to为……所熟悉
其主语通常是人们所通晓的事物，to的宾语通常是指人的名词
(3)unfamiliar
adj.不熟悉的
(4)familiarity
n.
熟悉；亲密；精通
语境助记
①After
the
foreign
guests
got_familiar_with
the
Chinese
traditional
festivals,
they
liked
to
live
in
China.
外国客人在熟悉了中国传统节日后，便喜欢在中国生活。
②The
voice
on
the
phone
sounded_familiar_to
me.
电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。
③This
peaceful
nursery
rhyme
is_very_familiar_to
me.
That
is
to
say,
I
_am_familiar_with
this
peaceful
nursery
rhyme.
这首平和的童谣是我所熟悉的。也就是说，我很熟悉这首童谣。
④Home
to
me
means
a
sense
of
familiarity
and
nostalgia.
家对我来说意味着一种熟悉和怀旧。
5 perform vt.&
vi.上演；扮演；演奏；履行(约定、诺言、命令等)
His
most
exciting
invitation
was
to
perform
on
a
TV
programme
called
“Top
of
the
Pops.”(P38)
最令他兴奋的是受邀参加叫作“顶级流行歌手”的电视节目。
归纳拓展
(1)perform
a(n)．..role
in
在……中起……作用
(2)perform
one's
duty/promise
尽责任/履行诺言
perform
an
experiment
进行试验
perform
an
operation/a
play进行手术/演一出戏
perform
well/badly
表现得好/坏
(3)performance
n．执行；表演；演奏；表现
put_on/give
a
performance
表演；演出
a
live
performance一次现场演出
(4)performer
n.
演奏者；表演者
语境助记
①As
everyone
knows,
she
performed
an_important_role_in
our
organization.
大家都知道，她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。
②The
surgeon
is
performing_an_operation,_so
you
just
can't
talk
to
him
for
the
moment.
那位外科医生正在忙着做手术，眼下你不能和他通话。
③I
consider
the
opportunity
is
of
great
importance
and
I
have
been
preparing
for
it
recently
with
the
hope
that
I
can
perform
it
well.
我认为这次机会很重要，最近我一直在准备着，希望我能表现出色。
④[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]The
season
runs
June
through
August,
with
additional
performances
in
March
and
September.
这个音乐季从六月持续到八月，而且在三月和九月也有额外的表演。
图解助记
6 sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的；明智的
At
last
feeling
very
upset
and
sensitive,
Freddy
and
his
band
realized
that
they
must
leave
the
country
before
it
became
too
painful
for
them.(P38)
终于由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。
归纳拓展
(1)be
sensitive
to对……敏感
be
sensitive
about介意；在乎
(2)make_sense有意义；说得通；是明智的
make
sense
of理解；明白
(3)sensible
adj.
明智的；明显的；意识到的
be
sensible
of知道；意识到
语境助记
①There
is
no
doubt
that
the
consumers
are
still
very
sensitive_to
the
price.
毫无疑问，消费者仍对价格十分敏感。
②She
is
very
sensitive_about
her
overweight.
她很忌讳别人说她胖。
③It
makes_sense
to
buy
the
most
up－to－date
version.
买最新的版本是明智的。
④[牛津高阶]I
think
that's
a
very_sensible
idea.
我看这个主意很妥当。
图解助记
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Listening
to
music
at
home
is
one
thing;
going
to
hear
it
_____
(perform)
live
is
quite
another.
答案：being
performed 考查“hear＋宾语＋宾补”结构。perform与music之间为被动关系，且由副词live“现场地”知表动作正在进行，故用being
performed。
2．Roger
turned
down
the
________
(invite)
to
speak
at
the
science
conference.
答案：invitation 考查词性转换。定冠词the后应用名词，invitation意为“邀请”。
3．He
ended
the
meeting
________
(brief)
with
only
a
few
words.
答案：briefly 考查词性转换。briefly“简短地；简要地”，修饰动词ended。
4．People
must
be
sensitive
________
this
possibility
when
they
make
volunteer
activity
a
must.
答案：to 考查固定短语。be
sensitive
to，意为“对……敏感”。
5．Across
the
stream,
a
man
is
trying
to
reach
out
on
the
edge
of
the
bank
for
the
fruit
with
a
net
________
(attach)
to
a
pole.
答案：attached 考查分词作定语。根据attach...to...“系；连接；附上”可知，attach与net之间为被动关系，故填attached。
6．The
dog
had
such
________
(devote)
to
his
master
that
it
would
not
leave
him,
even
when
he
was
dead.
答案：devotion 考查词性转换。根据“such＋名词＋that...”句式可知，此处应填名词devotion。7．In
listening
to
the
conversation
between
native
speakers,
we
have
become
more
familiar
________
the
real
life
abroad
than
before.
答案：with 考查固定短语。be
familiar
with意为“熟悉……”。
8．So
________
(attract)
is
the
lake
that
many
families
drive
there
on
weekends
to
spend
their
holidays.
答案：attractive 考查词性转换。根据句式分析可知，“so＋adj./adv.”结构位于句首时，句子用倒装，以及“is”可知应填形容词。
9．He
pretended
________
(read)
aloud
in
the
study
when
he
heard
his
father
open
the
door.
答案：to
be
reading 考查pretend
to
do
sth.的用法。根据语意可知，此处表示他假装正在大声朗读。故用不定式的进行时。
10．He
was
________(confidence)
that
he
would
be
admitted
to
the
famous
university.
答案：confident 考查词性转换。空处应填形容词形式作表语，confident
形容词，“自信的”。句意：他很自信他会被那所著名大学录取的。
1 rely
on
依靠；依赖；指望
As
some
of
these
actors
could
not
sing
well
enough,
they
had
to
rely
on
other
musicians
to
help
them.(P34)
由于一些演员唱得不够好，他们只好依靠别的音乐人来帮助他们。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]If
students
rely_on
administrators
to
regulate
their
social
behavior
and
thinking
pattern,
they
are
not
facing
the
challenge
of
finding
an
identity
within
a
larger
and
complex
community.
如果学生们依靠管理人员来规范他们的社交行为和思维方法，那么在一个更大的且复杂的社团里，他们将无法面对识别自己身份的挑战。
②I
know
I
can
rely_on_you
to
sort
it
out.
我相信你会把它解决好的。
③You
may
rely_on_it_that
she
won't
be
late.
你尽管放心，她不会迟到的。
④Many
people
now
would
rely_on_surfing
the
Internet
rather
than
read
newspapers
for
news.
现在很多人宁愿依靠上网浏览新闻也不愿读报纸。
⑤[牛津高阶]We're
looking
for
someone
who
is
reliable_and_
hard working.
我们在物色可靠而又勤奋的人。
2 break
up
打碎；分裂；解体；结束；放假
The
band
broke
up
about
1970,
but
happily
they
reunited
in
the
mid 1980s.(P34)
乐队大约在1970年解散了，但令人高兴的是，他们在80年代中期又重组起来了。
归纳拓展
break
down出故障；坏掉；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解
break
in破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break
into强行闯入；突然……起来
break
out(战争、火灾等)爆发；发生
break
away
from脱离；挣脱
break
through突围；突破；冲垮；克服
break
off中断；折断
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]Norton
Sound
was
covered
with
ice,
which
could
sometimes
break_up
without
warning.
诺顿湾被冰层覆盖，而有时冰层会悄无声息地破裂。
②What
will
happen
to
the
children
if
Jim
and
Mary
break_up
如果吉姆和玛丽离婚，孩子们怎么办呢？
③Someone
broke_in
and
took
several
computers.
有人闯入屋内，偷走了几台电脑。
④She
broke_off
a
piece
of
chocolate
and
gave
it
to
me.
她掰下一块巧克力给了我。
⑤The
biggest
flood
in
recent
years
broke_out
in
July
in
Wuhan.
武汉7月以来发生了近年来最大的洪水。
⑥写出下列句子中break
up的意思
a．—I'm
surprised
to
hear
that
Sue
and
Paul
have
broken
up.
—So
am
I.
They
seemed
very
happy
together
when
I
last
saw
them.分手
b．The
meeting
didn't
break
up
until
deep
at
night.结束
c．The
police
came
running
and
broke
up
the
crowd.
驱散
d．When
does
the
school
break
up
for
the
summer
holidays？放假
⑦用break短语填空
a．We
had
our
car
broken_into
last
week
when
we
got
to
the
supermarket.
b．The
people
of
the
province
wished
to
break_away
and
form
a
new
state.
c.
He
broke_off
in
the
middle
of
a
sentence
at
the
meeting
yesterday.
d．Scientists
think
they
are
beginning
to
break_through
in
the
fight
against
cancer.
3 above
all
最重要的是；首先
Above
all,
just
have
fun！(P40)
最重要的是，一定要开心！
after
all毕竟；终究
all
in
all整体说来；总而言之
in
all全部；合计
at
all(否定句)一点也(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟
first
of
all首先
归纳拓展
above
all重在强调所列举内容在所有事物中的位置最为重要。
first
of
all，first及firstly侧重于强调列举事物的顺序，用于举例时表示“首先，第一”。
语境助记
①To
be
great,
you
must
be
smart,
confident,
and,
above_all,_honest.
想要优秀，你必须聪明、自信，更重要的是诚实。
②I
found
out
that
I
have
no
artistic
ability
at_all.
我发现我一点艺术能力也没有。
③All_in_all,_every
road
leads
to
Rome,
and
I
do
believe
hard
work
pays
off.
总之，条条大路通罗马，我坚信努力总会有回报。
④Don't
believe
the
advertisement.
After_all,_it
is
the
customers
who
pay
for
whatever
you
are
given.
不要相信广告。毕竟是羊毛出在羊身上，还是顾客买单。
⑤First_of_all,_you
should
not
have
scolded
the
boy
_at_all;_he
is
a
child
after_all.
Above_all
he
made
only
two
mistakes
in_all.
首先，你根本不该责备那个男孩，毕竟他还是个孩子；最重要的是，他总共只犯了两处错误。
过关演练
选词填空
in
addition
to；
attach...to...；
rely
on；
be
familiar
with；
sort
out；
above
all；
dream
of；
play
tricks
on；
break
up；
to
be
honest
1．Every
day,
we
would
sit
by
the
lake,
looking
at
the
house
and
________
what
it
would
be
like
to
live
there.
答案：dreaming
of
2．[2016·厦门双十中学质检]________
these
arrangements,
extra
ambulances
will
be
on
duty
until
midnight.
答案：In
addition
to
3．It
is
strongly
recommended
that
the
girl
________
with
those
boys,
because
they
are
addicted
to
drugs.
答案：(should)
break
up
4．________，
it
doesn't
make
any
sense
to
rent
such
an
expensive
house.
答案：To
be
honest
5．As
I
________
my
accommodation,
I
heard
a
loud
voice
coming
from
the
bay.答案：was
sorting
out
6．Experts
insist
that
packets
of
cigarettes
come
with
a
health
warning
________
them.
答案：attached
to7．He
is
always
honest
and
doesn't
talk
much.
Never
did
it
occur
to
me
that
he
should
________
me
at
yesterday's
party.
答案：play
tricks
on
8．[2016·江南十校联考]We
________
the
magazine;
we
like
its
content
and
style.
答案：are
familiar
with
9．He
must,
________，
be
skilled
in
sharing
responsibility
and
setting
tasks
to
others.
答案：above
all
10．Those
who
you
can
________
at
any
time
are
true
friends
and
they
will
always
stand
by
you
no
matter
what
happens.
答案：rely
on
1 The
musicians
were
to
play
jokes
on
each
other
as
well
as
play
music,
most_of_which
was
based
loosely
on
the
Beatles.(P34)
组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
归纳拓展
most
of
which是“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句。
此类结构常见的有：
(1)some/several/a
few/a
little/many/more/most...＋of_which/whom
(2)the＋n.＋＝whose＋n.
名师点睛
在以上结构中，注意使用关系代词与代词时的差异性。使用代词时，两句中间有连词；如两句中没有连词，且又指代前文中的名词，则用关系代词。
eg：
Tom
has
written
two
novels，
both
of
which
have
been
made
into
movies.
→Tom
has
written
two
novels，
and
both
of
them
have
been
made
into
movies.
语境助记
①I
have
many
foreign
language
books,
most_of_which
are
world－famous
works.
我有许多外语书，其中大多数是世界名著。
②English
is
a
language
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,
each_of_which
uses
it
differently.
英语是一种被好几种不同的文化共同使用的语言，而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。
③The
books
on
the
desk,
the_covers_of_which
are
shiny,
are
prizes
for
us.
桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。
2 Freddy
and
his
band
could
not
go
out
anywhere
without
being
followed.(P38)
弗雷迪和他的乐队走到哪里都会有人跟随。
归纳拓展
no练t...without...
没有……就不能……，双重否定表肯定。
常见否定结构表示肯定意义的还有：
cannot...too/enough...
越……越……；无论怎样……也不为过
cannot
wait
to_do
sth.
迫不及待地做某事
cannot
help
doing
sth.
禁不住/忍不住做某事
语境助记
①[2016·浙江高考]However,
a
plan
can
bear
no
fruit
without
being
actually
carried_out.
然而，一项计划如果不真正实施的话，是不会有结果的。
②I
could
have
never
made
so
much
progress
without_your_help.
如果没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得如此大的进步。
③Hemingway
wouldn't
have
written
his
famous
novel
A
Farewell
to
Arms
without_his_wartime_experience.
海明威要是没有他的战争经历，不会写出著名小说《告别了，武器》。
④You
can't_be_too_careful
while
driving
a
car.
你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。
⑤Use
your
head
and
you
will
find
nothing
is
impossible
in
the
world.
动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。
⑥You
can't
leave
the
country
without_a_passport.
没有护照你就不能离开这个国家。
⑦I
can_hardly_wait_to
hear
the
news.
我迫不及待地想听到这个消息。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In
our
class
there
are
46
students,
but
half
of
________
wear
glasses.
答案：them 考查关系代词与代词的区别。该句中有连词but，故填代词them指代46
students。
2．The
down
side
of
my
celebrity
is
that
I
can
not
go
anywhere
in
the
world
________
being
recognized.
答案：without 考查“not...without...”双重否定结构。
3．The
trees
________(blow)
down
in
the
storm
have
been
moved
off
the
road.
答案：blown 考查分词作定语。blow与trees之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。
4．There
are
two
buildings,
the
larger
of
________
stands
nearly
a
hundred
feet
high.
答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少介词宾语且指物，故填which。
5．Look,
the
chopstick
partly
in
the
glass
looks
as
if
it
________
(break)．
答案：were
broken 考查as
if后的虚拟语气的情况。此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，be动词用were，broken是过去分词，作形容词，作表语。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．___________________________made
their
friendship
worse
and
worse,
and
at
last
they
had
to
part.(without)
见面就吵架让他们的友谊越来越差，最终，他们不得不分开。
答案：Never/Not
meeting
without
quarrelling
2．Maria
has
written
two
novels,
________
have
been
made
into
television
series.
玛丽亚写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视剧。
答案：both
of
which
3．Kitty
is
____________________
for
two
hours.
姬蒂真有耐心，等了我们两个小时。
答案：patient
enough
to
have
waited
for
us
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
基本构成
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，常用的介词有in,
for,
to,
with等，关系代词则使用which或whom而不能用that。
关系代词前的介词选用的原则
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选用主要遵循以下三个原则。
1．一先：根据先行词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。
In
front
of
my
house,
there
is
a
tree,
in
which
some
birds
are
singing.
我的房子前面有一棵树，上面有鸟儿正在唱歌。(in
the
tree在树上)
2．二谓：根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。
In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn't
a
single
person,
to
whom
she
could
turn
for
help.(turn
to
sb.
for
help
向某人寻求帮助)
在漆黑的街上，她没有一个可以求助的人。
3．三意义：根据先行词、定语从句中的谓语动词共同的搭配关系或者说句子的意思来选择介词。
Wang
Hong,
with
whom
I
went
to
the
concert,
enjoyed
herself
very
much.
和我一起去音乐会的王红玩得非常高兴。(go
to
the
concert
with
sb.与某人一起去音乐会)
名师点睛
有些“动词＋介词”构成的短语动词，如look
for，
look
after，
call
on等，
用在定语从句中作谓语动词时不可拆开，也就是说其中的介词不能置于关系代词之前。
He
has
a
little
daughter，
who
is
looked
after
by
her
grandma.
他有一个小女儿，由她的奶奶照顾着。,该句中的look
after是不可拆开的短语动词，after不可置于关系代词who之前。
关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的互换
引导定语从句的关系副词常可以和“介词＋关系代词(which)”互换。
I
often
think
of
the
moment,
when/at
which
I
saw
the
UFO.
我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。
The
police
searched
the
house
where/in
which
the
thief
had
stayed.
警察搜查了小偷待过的那个房子。
I
don't
know
the
reason
why/for
which
the
house
is
so
dirty.
我不知道这栋房子为什么这么脏。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
________
which
school
education
depends.
答案：on/upon 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。depend
on/upon为固定短语，意为“取决于；依靠”。
2．He
wrote
a
letter,
________
which
he
explained
what
had
happened
in
the
accident.
答案：in 考查“介词＋关系代词”的用法。in
the
letter“在信中”。
3．He
hid
himself
behind
the
door,
from
________
he
still
could
see
what
would
happen
to
his
classmates.
答案：where “考查介词＋where”的用法。根据语意可知，此处表示从门后面，表示方位“from
behind
the
door”，介词短语表地点，应用where代替。
4．The
gentleman
________whom
you
told
me
yesterday
proved
to
be
a
thief.
答案：about 考查“介词＋关系代词”的用法。由tell
sb.
about
sth.
可知，此处应用about。
5．The
settlement
is
home
to
nearly
1,000
people,
many
of
________
left
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
答案：whom 考查定语从句。从句中缺少介词的宾语，且先行词指人，故用whom。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)
A
It
may
seem
to
be
a
hard
task
to
trace
back
the
history
of
rap
music,
though
you
often
see
the
informal
music
associated
with
highly
informal
dance
style.
As
far
as
the
origin
of
rap
music
is
concerned，
most
people
agree
that
it
is
from
Afro－American
and
Latino
Street
culture
of
New
York
City.
Not
only
in
this
city
but
also
in
the
surrounding
areas
there
is
the
influence
of
African
people
and
their
culture.
Rap
is
a
vocal
(口头的)
style
in
which
the
performer
speaks
rhythmically
and
in
thyme,
generally
to
a
beat.
The
term
of
rap
music
is
the
same
with
hip hop
music
typically－consisting
of
a
rhythmic
vocal
style
called
rap.
If
we
see
it
carefully,
then
we
will
definitely
notice
that
the
music
usually
is
sung
at
higher
pitches
(调).
Most
of
the
time
rap
music
is
associated
with
chorus.
Though
rap
music
was
primarily
an
American
music
style
with
African
influence
over
its
music
and
lyrics,
recently
it
has
been
spread
to
almost
the
entire
world.
There
is
hardly
any
country
or
nation
where
rap
music
cannot
be
seen
in
some
form
or
another,
and
it
is
one
of
the
most
popular
music
styles
among
the
youngsters.
However,
when
it
comes
to
its
history,
it
is
believed
that
hip－hop
or
rap
music
started
in
the
early
1970s,
and
gained
much
popularity
throughout
the
world
during
the
late
1970s
and
early
1980s.
The
history
of
rap
music
and
hip－hop
music
is
full
of
controversies
(争议)
and
bans,
as
the
lyrics
sometimes
relate
to
drugs
and
crime;
even
most
famous
pop
stars
and
hip－hop
musicians
and
singers
were
found
to
be
associated
with
the
controversies
in
their
life.
For
that
reason,
no
matter
how
popular
this
music
style
was
or
still
is,
it
has
always
had
a
bad
reputation
in
the
eyes
of
mainstream
society.
篇章导读：本文介绍了说唱音乐的发展过程及其现在的影响力。
1．The
passage
is
mainly
about
________.
A．when
rap
music
started
B．how
rap
music
develops
C．what
rap
music
is
like
D．why
rap
music
is
popular
答案：B'主旨大意题。从第一句“It
may
seem
to
be
a
hard
task
to
trace
back
the
history
of
rap
music,
though
you
often
see
the
informal
music
associated
with
highly
informal
dance
style.”及文章内容可知，本段文字主要介绍了说唱音乐的发展历史。
2．The
characteristics
of
rap
music
are
________.
A．solo,
rhymes,
beats
and
pops
B．
speaking,
rhythms,
beats
and
solo
C．repeating,
speaking,
pops
and
chorus
D．
speaking,
thymes,
beats
and
chorus
答案：D'细节理解题。从第二段内容可知，说唱音乐主要特点是反复、押韵、有节奏、合唱。
3．Rap
music
is
now
one
of
the
music
styles
mostly
run
after
by________.
A．the
teenagers
in
Africa
B．all
kinds
of
people
in
the
world
C．the
youngsters
all
over
the
world
D．the
young
people
in
the
US
答案：C 细节理解题。从第三段中的“it
is
one
of
the
most
popular
music
styles
among
the
youngsters”可知，答案为C，即全世界的青年人都喜欢这种音乐形式。
4．Rap
music
is
often
not
well
thought
of
by
the
mainstream
because________.
A．it
comes
from
the
lower
class
B．
it
has
a
short
history
C．it
is
associated
with
crimes
and
drugs
D．
its
music
is
full
of
controversies
答案：C 细节理解题。从最后一段第一句中的“as
the
lyrics
sometimes
relate
to
drugs
and
crime”可知，说唱音乐的歌词有时和毒品和犯罪有关，故不被主流社会所认同。
1．trace
vt.
追溯；查到；发现
2.beat
n.
节奏；节拍
3．primarily
adv.
主要地；根本地
4．mainstream
adj.
主流的；主要的
n.
主流
1．be
associated
with
与……有关
2．as
far
as...
concerned
就……而言
B
[2017·山东省德州市联考]Have
you
ever
heard
that
we
humans
use
only
ten
percent
of
our
brains
This
opinion
holds
a
certain
appeal
because
if
it
were
true,
then
we
could
instantly
become
ten
times
more
intelligent
just
by
firing
up
that
sleepy
majority
of
the
brain!
The
idea
that
we
use
only
a
small
part
of
the
brain
dates
back
to
animal
experiments
in
the
19th
century.
When
scientists
stimulated
(刺激)
a
specific
part
of
the
brain,
the
animal
moved
its
leg
or
tail.
If
a
tiny
part
of
the
brain
could
do
something
so
great,
what
was
the
use
of
the
rest
of
the
brain
Some
scientists
assumed
that
large
parts
of
the
brain
were
simply
useless.
Then,
in
the
early
20th
century,
scientists
observed
that
stimulating
certain
parts
of
the
brain
had
no
physical
effects.
They
named
these
seemingly
useless
parts
of
the
brain
the
“silent
cortex”.
Today
we
know
that
in
humans,
much
of
the
“silent
cortex”
is
actually
devoted
to
complex
activities
like
language,
learning,
and
imagining.
Brain
scans
have
shown
that
different
parts
of
the
brain
become
much
more
active
as
we
shift
(切换)
our
attention
and
focus,
but
even
as
we
sleep,
many
areas
of
the
brain
are
extremely
active.
Would
you
be
smarter
if
your
entire
brain
constantly
worked
to
maximum
capacity
(能力)
Interestingly
enough,
the
opposite
is
probably
true.
The
less
brain
activity
you
need
to
perform
a
given
task,
the
more
the
brain
as
a
whole
is
able
to
do.
篇章导读：本文属于科普说明文，科学研究发现人脑中有百分之九十没有被使用。如果我们把这部分的作用开发出来，我们会更加聪明。
5．Why
does
the
opinion
mentioned
in
Paragraph
1
seem
appealing
A．People
wish
to
become
much
smarter.
B．People
believe
it
is
scientific.
C．People
know
nothing
about
the
brain.
D．People
want
to
make
little
use
of
their
brain.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...if
it
were
true,
then
we
could
instantly
become
ten
times
more
intelligent
just
by
firing
up
that
sleepy
majority
of
the
brain！”可知，如果这是真的，那么仅仅通过激活沉睡的大部分大脑，我们就会(比以前)聪明十倍。故选A。
6．What
did
scientists
discover
in
their
experiment
in
the
20th
century
A．The
majority
of
the
brain
is
sleeping.
B．Animals'
legs
and
tails
have
some
connection
with
their
brain.
C．Stimulation
on
some
parts
of
the
brain
causes
no
physical
reaction.
D．Certain
parts
of
the
brain
are
devoted
to
language
and
learning
activities.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在20世纪初，科学家们观察到刺激大脑中的某些区域并没有身体反应。所以答案为C。
7．“Silent
cortex”
has
proved
to
be
________.
A．sensitive
to
stimulation
B．useful
in
complex
activities
C．responsible
for
physical
reaction
D．more
active
than
the
other
parts
of
the
brain
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“Today
we
know
that
in
humans,
much
of
the
‘silent
cortex’
is
actually
devoted
to
complex
activities”可知，答案为B。
8．If
you
need
less
brain
activity
to
perform
a
task,
________.
A．you
will
feel
sleepy
B．you
must
shift
your
focus
C．you
can
use
your
brain
to
the
fullest
D．you
will
be
more
productive
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中最后一句“The
less
brain
activity
you
need
to
perform
a
given
task,
the
more
the
brain
as
a
whole
is
able
to
do.”可知，我们完成一项任务所需要的大脑活动越少，整个大脑能做的事情也就越多。故选D。
1．appeal
n．/v.
呼吁；吸引力；有吸引力
2．specific
adj.
具体的；特定的
3．assume
vt.
假定；认为
4．extremely
adv.
极度地
5．opposite
n．/adj./adv./prep.
相反；对面的；在对面地；在……对面
1．date
back
(to)
追溯到
2．be
devoted
to
忠于；致力于……
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2017·海淀区模拟]
Do
Actions
Speak
Louder
than
Words
Our
society
is
fast
paced.
We
are
all
rushing
from
one
place
to
the
next,
blowing
our
horn
at
slow
drivers
who
may
be
singing
songs
in
the
car
with
their
children
or
pointing
out
some
interesting
sights.
We
don't
have
time
for
that
silliness
today.
But
we
try
to
say
to
ourselves
that
we
will
make
time
for
fun
tomorrow.
It
is
time
to
take
a
few
deep
breaths
and
think
about
our
actions
and
our
words.
__1__
Have
you
ever
really
thought
about
the
saying
“Actions
speak
louder
than
words”？
Think
about
it
now.
If
you
say
one
thing
and
act
in
an
opposite
way,
will
the
words
be
ignored
and
just
the
actions
remembered
I
don't
think
so.
__2__
It
is
also
equally
important
to
use
words
to
show
appreciation,
love,
approval
and
happiness
and
then
follow
those
words
with
a
hug,
pat
on
the
back
or
smile.
__3__
What
about
the
saying
True
Yes!
Words
carry
a
lot
of
weight
and
will
be
remembered
for
years
especially
when
they
are
written
down.
Mean
words
can
hurt
for
that
moment
and
for
a
lifetime.
I
am
sure
that
each
of
us
remembers
a
time
when
a
friend
made
an
unkind
comment.
__4__
Let's
not
be
a
member
of
that
“club”.
When
was
the
last
time
that
you
hid
a
love
note
in
a
lunch
box
or
in
your
mate's
coat
pocket
If
you
want
to
see
a
bright
smile,
that
will
do
it!
The
power
of
this
written
note
will
be
remembered
for
many
days,
even
years.
“I
can
live
for
two
months
on
a
good
compliment
(夸奖)”，
said
Mark
Twain.
Children
grow
stronger
when
they
feel
appreciated
and
understood.
__5__
A
perfect
way
to
turn
a
bad
day
around
is
to
praise
your
child.
“I
noticed
that
your
hair
looked
very
nice
today.”“Did
you
hang
your
coat
up
all
by
yourself？”
It
is
amazing
how
those
few
words
can
change
a
child's
outlook...
almost
immediately.
Don't
stop
there...One
of
my
sisters
ended
a
phone
conversation
with
three
words—“I
love
you”！
Boy,
that
put
a
spring
in
my
step!
Mark
Twain
is
right.
I
still
feel
the
positive
effect
of
those
three
little
but
very
powerful
words.
A．The
pen
is
more
powerful
than
the
sword.
B．Is
it
really
reasonable
to
do
something
like
that
C．Do
they
display
the
attitude
that
we
want
to
convey
D．It
is
important
to
have
your
words
match
your
actions.
E．Behavior
is
a
mirror
in
which
everyone
shows
his
image.
F．Those
words
did
lasting
damage
to
you,
the
relationship
or
both.
G．Don't
be
afraid
to
show
your
child
with
encouraging
words
all
day
long.
篇章导读：作者通过结合日常生活对“事实胜于雄辩”进行了新的阐释：“说”在我们的生活中也起着举足轻重的作用。
1．C 本题为“段尾空”，需关注上文前句。根据上文说我们该思考我们的行动和语言了，那么接下来应该是提出问题。因此选择C。
2．D 本题为“段中空”，需关注空前后句。空前句说作者认为当言行不一致时，不应该只重视行动而忽视语言。空后句说语言的表达是同等重要的。那么该空的对象应该是行动和语言二者。七个选项中，只有D可以满足这一条件，而且下文说在语言之后要跟着拥抱等行动，所以语言和行动应该匹配。因此选择D。
3．A 本题为“段首空”，需关注后句。根据下句的the
saying可知，设空句为一句有含义的说法。可能的选项有A(强调笔)，E(强调行动)，G(强调鼓励孩子)。根据下文强调words的重要性，以及“especially
when
they
are
written
down”，可知A选项关键词pen和powerful最为符合。故选A。
4．F 本题为“段中空”，需关注本空前后句内容。前句说当朋友们说一些不友善的言论时我们会记一阵子，后句说“let's
not
be”，由此可知该空填的应该是不好的事情。符合负责任的态度的选项有B(强调
do
something)和F(强调those
words),
因为上文是unkind
comment。故选F。
5．G 本题为“段中空”，需关注本句前后句内容。前一句强调孩子们在受到欣赏和理解后会更加强大。后一句说一个很好的方法是表扬孩子。所以此空仍然应该是有关激励孩子的信息。故本题选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2017·山西四校联考]Breakfast
has
been
called
the
most
important
meal
of
the
day.
While
every
meal
counts,
the
facts
are
on
the
table:
Eating
in
the
morning
__1__
(have)
positive
effects
on
health
and
on
kids'
ability
__2__
(learn)．
What's
the
nutritious
breakfast
A
meal
consisting
of
foods
from
at
least
two
of
the
five
food
groups
is
the
__3__
(healthy),
but
the
truth
is
__4__
a
bite
of
nearly
any
food
in
the
morning
is
better
than
none,
especially
when
it
comes
to
kids.
It's
a
good
idea
to
get
your
child
__5__
the
habit
of
eating
breakfast
before
he
begins
kindergarten.
That's
because
teenagers
__6__
eat
breakfast
tend
to
behave
better
in
school.
Hunger
makes
it
harder
to
keep
your
mind
__7__
(focus)
on
learning,
no
matter
what
your
age.
In
fact,
studies
show
breakfast
skippers
are
often
more
bad－tempered
and
have
__8__
(short)
attention.
When
you
forget
eating
in
the
morning,
blood
glucose
(血糖)
drops.
Glucose
is
the
fuel
your
cells
need
to
function,
so
brain
cells
become
particularly
lazy
when
glucose
concentrations
(浓度)
are
insufficient.
Without
adequate
__9__
(energetic),
young
minds
get
gray,
blocking
concentration
and
memory.
Without
the
morning
meal,
kids
are
hard－pressed
to
meet
daily
nutrient
needs,
too.
You
are
probably
pressed
for
time
in
the
morning,
and
__10__
are
your
children.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文介绍的是早餐是三餐中最重要的，以及孩子们吃早餐的好处。
1．has 考查主谓一致。句子主语是动名词短语，且全文使用一般现在时，故用has。
2．to
learn 考查非谓语动词作定语。ability后应用不定式作定语。
3．healthiest 考查形容词的最高级。根据“of
the
five
food
groups”以及the可确定用最高级。
4．that 考查表语从句。从句中主系表成份齐全，句意完整，故用that。
5．into 考查固定搭配。get
sb.
into
the
habit
of
(doing)
sth.意为“使某人养成(做)某事的习惯”。
6．who/that 考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且指人，故用that/who均可。
7．focused 考查非谓语动词作宾补。“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，且mind与focus之间为被动关系。
8．shorter 考查形容词的比较级。and前是“more
bad－tempered”，故用比较级。
9．energy 考查词性转换。前面是形容词应修饰名词，故填energy。
10．so 考查固定句式。“so＋助动词＋主语”表示与上文所提到的情况相同。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时21′)
[2017·洛阳统考]假定你是李华，得知你的美国笔友Eric获得了“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛一等奖。你为他感到骄傲，并给他写一封祝贺信，要点如下：
1．表示祝贺；2.分享快乐；3.寄予希望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear
Eric，
I
am
writing
to
offer
my
sincerest
congratulations
to
you
on
your
receiving
the
first
prize
of
“Chinese
Bridge”
Chinese
speech
contest.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
[标准范文]
Dear_Eric，
I_am_writing_to_offer_my_sincerest_congratulations_to_you_on_your_receiving_the_first_prize_of_“Chinese_Bridge”_Chinese_speech_contest.
I
know
you
have
worked
very
hard
in
the
past
years,
which
is
a
reward
you
richly
deserve.
I
just
want
you
to
know
how
lucky
I
am
to
be
able
to
share
your
pride
and
how
pleased
I
am
at
your
success.
I
am
sure
you
will
make
greater
progress
in
your
study
and
obtain
a
bright
future
in
your
life.
At
last,
I
hope
to
see
you
and
communicate
with
each
other
soon.
Best
wishes!
Yours，
Li_Hua第一部分教材重点全程攻略
必修2
话题素材——文化遗产
好词
1.cultural
adj.
文化的
2.civilized
adj.
文明的
3.ancient
adj.
古代的
4.wisdom
n.
智慧
5.valuable
adj.
有价值的；贵重的
6.attract_one's_attention
吸引某人的注意力
7.be
situated
in
坐落于；位于
8.in_a_fancy_style
用奇特的风格
9.be_made_of...
由……制成
10.be
worthy
of
being
done
值得做……
11.have_a_history_of...
有……的历史
12.in_return_for
作为对……的回报
13.date_back_to/date_from
追溯到……
14.great
wonders
of
the
world
世界上的伟大奇迹
15.It
is
universally
acknowledged
that...
众所周知……
佳句
1.Cultural
heritage
is
of_great_value
and
protecting
it
can
make
us
feel_proud_of
our
nation.
文化遗产价值连城，保护文化遗产会使我们为自己的民族感到自豪。
2.Located_in_the_south_of_China,_Guangzhou
is
considered
as
one
of
the
most
modern
cities
in
our
country.
广州位于中国南方，被认为是我国最具现代化的城市之一。
3.The_more
the
public
know
about
the
importance
of
culture
protection,
the_stronger
support
we
can
get
from
them.
公众对文化保护的重要性知道的越多，我们得到的支持就会越强大。
[精美语篇]
Dear
sir，
I
am
writing
to
you
today
to
share
my
thoughts
about
the
Old
Summer
Palace.
After
showing
my
friend
Jack
around
the
park,
I
am
deeply
impressed
by
the
historical
site,
which
is
definitely
the
greatest
symbol
of
our
ancient
civilization.
In
terms
of
preserving
history
and
learning
more
about
ancient
culture,
such
kind
of
historical
sites
is
of
great
value.Unfortunately,
throughout
history,
it
has
been
damaged
due
to
a
variety
of
reasons,
such
as
natural
forces,
wars,
theft
and
so
on.
Worse
still,
tourists
nowadays
are
doing
damage
to
the
Old
Summer
Palace
either
unintentionally
or
deliberately
while
they
are
walking
around
the
site.
As
a
student,
I
strongly
feel
that
it
is
urgent
for
our
government
to
take
measures
to
protect
it.
First
of
all,
a
special
committee
should
be
established
to
ensure
all
the
work
to
be
carried
out
smoothly.
In
addition,
some
sculptures
and
statues
should
be
moved
indoors
to
avoid
being
damaged
by
natural
things.
Only
by
doing
these
will
we
be
able
to
enjoy
these
historical
sites
for
generations
to
come.
Looking
forward
to
your
actions.
Yours
sincerely，
×××
对应学生用书P035
高频单词
1．rare
(adj.)
稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的→rarely
(adv.)
罕有；很少；不常
2．amaze
(vt.)
使吃惊；惊讶→amazing
(adj.)
令人吃惊的→amazed
(adj.)
吃惊的→amazement
(n.)
惊奇
3．select
(vt.)
挑选；选择→selection
(n.)
选择；选拔
4．design
(n.)
设计；图案；构思
(vt.)
设计；计划；构思→designer
(n.)设计者；构思者
5．survive
(v.)
幸免(于)；幸存；比……活得长；生还→survival
(n.)
生存；幸存→survivor
(n.)
幸存者
6．fancy
(adj.)
奇特的；异样的
(vt.)
想象；设想；爱好
7．decorate
(v.)
装饰；装修→decoration
(n.)
装饰品；装饰
8．reception
(n.)接待；招待会；接收→receive
(vt.)接受；接待；招待→receiver
(n.)(电话)听筒/受话器
9．remove
(vt.)
移动；搬开→removal(n.)移动；搬进
10．wooden
(adj.)
木制的→wood
(n.)
木头
11．doubt
(n.)
怀疑；疑惑
(vt.)
怀疑；不信→doubtful
(adj.)怀疑的
12．former
(adj.)
以前的；从前的→(反义词)latter
(adj.)
后者的；后面的
13．worth
(adj.)
值得的；相当于……的价值
(n.)
价值；作用
14．local
(adj.)
本地的；当地的
15．evidence
(n.)
根据；证据→evident
(adj.)
明显的；清楚的
16．explode
(vi.)
爆炸→explosion
(n.)
爆炸
17．sailor
(n.)
水手；海员；船员→sail
(v.)
(船)航行；(人)乘船航行
(n.)
航行；航海
18．sink
(vi.)
下沉；沉下→sank/sunk
(过去式)sunk/sunken
(过去分词)
19．valuable
(adj.)
贵重的；有价值的→value
(n.
&
vt.)
价值；重视→invaluable
(adj.)
极有用的；极宝贵的
20．informal
(adj.)
非正式的→formal
(反义词)
正式的
21．debate
(n.)
争论；辩论
(vi.)
争论；辩论
重点短语
1．belong_to
属于
2．in_return
作为报答；回报
3．at_war
处于交战状态
4．take_apart
拆开
5．rather_than
而不是
6．in_search_of
寻找
7．serve_as
充当；起作用
8．less_than
少于
9．think/speak_highly_of
看重；器重
10．develop_an_interest_in...
培养对……的兴趣
热点句型
1．could
not/never
have
done“(过去)不可能做……”
Frederick
William
Ⅰ，
the
King
of
Prussia,
could_never_have_imagined
(绝不可能想到)
that
his
greatest
gift
to
the
Russian
people
would
have
such
an
amazing
history.(教材P1)
2．This
is/was
a
time
when...“这是一个……的时期/时候”
This_was_a_time_when
(这是一个……的时期)
the
two
countries
were
at
war.(教材P2)
3．There
is
no
doubt
that...“毫无疑问……”
There_is_no_doubt_that
(毫无疑问)the
boxes
were
then
put
on
a
train
for
K nigsberg,
which
was
at
that
time
a
German
city
on
the
Baltic
Sea.(教材P2)
4．what引导名词性从句
After
that,
what_happened
(所发生的一切)to
the
Amber
Room
remains
a
mystery.(教材P2)
5．疑问词＋不定式
In
a
trial,
a
judge
must
decide
which_eyewitnesses_to_believe
and_which_not_to_believe
(哪些证人可信，哪些不可信).
(教材P5)
6．nor位于句首引起的部分倒装句型
Nor_do_I_think
(我也不认为)they
should
give
it
to
any
government.(教材P7)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It
was
also
a
treasure
________
(decorate)
with
gold
and
jewels,
________
took
the
country's
best
artists
about
ten
years
to
make.
答案：decorated;
which
2．Although
the
Amber
Room
________
(consider)
one
of
the
________
(wonder)
of
the
world,
it
is
now
missing.
答案：was
considered;
wonders
3．________
April
1945,
I
heard
something
explode
________
midnight.
答案：In;
at
4．About
four
metres
long,
the
room
served
________
a
small
reception
hall
for
important
visitors.
答案：as
5．________
(late),
Catherine
Ⅱ
had
the
Amber
Room
________
(move)
to
a
palace
outside
St
Petersburg
________
she
spent
her
summers.
答案：Later;
moved;
where
6．He/She
only
cares
about
whether
the
eyewitness
has
given
true
information,
________
must
be
facts
rather
than
opinions.
答案：which
7．An
opinion
is
________
someone
believes
is
true
but
has
not
been
proved.
答案：what
8．________
my
surprise
the
entrance
________
the
mine
was
closed.
答案：To;
to
9．It
can
be
proved
________
China
has
more
people
________
any
other
country
in
the
world.
答案：that;
than
10.
So
I
think
that
those
________
find
the
Amber
Room
should
decide
________to
do
with
it.答案：who;
what
1 survive vt.比……活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来 vi.幸免；幸存；生还
Is
it
enough
to
have
survived
for
a
long
time？(P1)
只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？
归纳拓展
(1)A
survives
B
(by...)A比B多活……
survive
sth.
幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
survive
on
依靠……生存下来
survive
from
从……存活下来；流传下来
(2)survivor
n．幸存者
survival
n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
名师点睛
语境助记
①There
are
concerns
that
the
refugees
may
not
survive_the_winter.
有人担心这些难民活不过冬天。
②He
died
in
1940,
but
his
wife
survived_him_by
another
20
years.
他在1940年去世，但他的妻子比他多活了20年。
③I
don't
know
how
you
all
manage
to
survive_on
your
small
salary.
我不知道你们只靠微薄的薪金是怎样过活的。
④[牛津高阶]His
only
chance
of
survival
was
a
heart
transport.
他唯一活下去的可能性是心脏移植。
⑤The
plane
crashed
in
an
area
of
dense
jungle.
There
were
no
survivors.
飞机坠落在一个丛林茂密的地区，无人生还。
2 design n．&
vt.设计；图案；构思；计划
The
design
of
the
room
was
in
the
fancy
style
popular
in
those
days.(P1)
琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。
归纳拓展
(1)design
sb./sth.
to_do
sth.打算让……从事……
design
sth.
for
sb./sth.为……设计……
be
designed
for
sth./sb.为……而设计
be
designed
to_do
sth.目的在于；为了
be
designed
as打算做……用
(2)by
design＝on
purpose有意地；故意地
(3)designer
n．设计者；构思者
语境助记
①This
fund
is_designed_to_help
worthy
students.
这笔资金旨在帮助优秀的学生。
②[牛津高阶]The
method
is
specifically
designed_for
use
in
small
groups.
这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
③She
arrived
just
as
we
were
leaving,
but
whether
this
was
by
accident
or
by_design
I'm
not
sure.
她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。
④He
wants
to
become
a
fashion
designer
when
he
grows
up.
长大后他想成为一个时装设计师。
[联想] 表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结。
(1)故意地
①by
design ②on
purpose ③deliberately
(2)偶然地
①by
chance ②by
accident ③accidentally
3 fancy adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好 n．空想；幻想；爱好
The
design
of
the
room
was
in
the
fancy
style
popular
in
those
days.(P1)
琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。
归纳拓展
fancy...to
be/as...
认为……是……
fancy
(sb.)
doing
sth.
想象(某人)做某事
have
a
fancy
for
sth.
喜欢某事物
catch/take
sb.'s
fancy
合某人的心意；吸引某人
take
a
fancy
to
sb./sth.
喜欢上/爱上某人/物
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]Do
you
fancy
going_out
this
evening
今晚你想不想外出？
②Can
you
fancy
a
8 year old
boy
swimming_across
the
river
你能想象一个8岁的男孩游过这条河吗？
③She
looked
through
the
hotel
advertisements
until
one
of
them
caught_her_fancy.
她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。
④I
think
Sam
really
took_a_fancy_to
you.
我想萨姆真地爱上了你。
⑤[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Chengdu
has
dozens
of
new
millionaires,
Asia's
biggest
building,
and
fancy_new_hotels.
成都有许多新的百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和漂亮的新宾馆。
4 remove vt.移动；搬开
...the
Russians
were
able
to
remove
some
furniture
and
small
art
objects
from
the
Amber
Room.(P2)
……俄罗斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。
归纳拓展
remove
sth.
from
sp.
把某物从某地搬走(移开)
remove
sb.
from
sth.
把某人从……职位免职
remove
from...
to...从……搬到……
remove
sb.
from
school开除某人；勒令某人退学
remove
one's
doubt/trouble消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]Three
children
were
removed_from
the
school
for
persistent
bad
behaviour.
三个孩子因一再行为不检被学校开除。
②She
removed_her_glasses
and
rubbed
her
eyes.
她摘下眼镜，揉了揉眼睛。
③The
news
removed_any/all_doubts
about
the
company's
future.
这个消息消除了一切有关公司前景的疑虑。
④写出下列句子中remove的含义
a．If
a
nest
has
four
eggs
and
you
remove
one,
the
bird
will
not
notice.拿走
b．He
removed
his
jacket
when
he
arrived
home.脱掉
c．He
was
severely
criticized
and
removed
from
his
post.
撤职
d．The
agreement
removes
the
last
serious
obstacle
to
the
signing
of
the
treaty.消除
e．Congress
could
remove
the
President
from
office.把……免职；撤去
图解助记
5 worth adj.值得的；相当于……的价值 n．价值；作用
Is
it
worth
rebuilding
lost
cultural
relics
such
as
the
Amber
Room
or
Yuanmingyuan
in
Beijing？(P2)
重建失去的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园，是否值得？
归纳拓展
(1)be
(well)
worth
doing...……(非常)值得做
be
worth
the
money/an
effort/a_try值得花钱/努力/一试
be
worth
it
值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)
(2)be
worthy
(3)It
is
worthwhile
to_do/doing
sth.值得做某事
名师点睛
worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]．..when
we
weigh
the
risk
and
the
reward,
the
risk
seems
worth_taking.
……我们权衡利弊，觉得值得冒一下风险。
②They
are
truly
good
birds
that
are
worth_every_effort
we
put
into
recovering
them.
他们是真正的益鸟，值得我们为使它们康复而付出的每一份努力。
③You
may
not
succeed,
but
it
is
worth
a_try.
你可能不会成功，但值得一试。
④Guilin
is
a
beautiful
place.
It's
worthwhile_going/to_go
there.
桂林是个美丽的地方，值得去看看。
⑤This
article
is
well
worth
reading,
but
it
is
not
worthy
of
being_translated.
这篇文章很值得一读，但不值得翻译。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It
was
________
(evidence)
that
all
the
proofs
we
collected
proved
him
to
be
guilty.
答案：evident 考查词性转换。系动词后应为形容词，故填evident。
2．The
final
team
________
(select)
will
be
made
tomorrow.
答案：selection 考查词性转换。句意：队伍的最后人选将在明天确定。
3．With
the
Internet
use
________
(explode)
in
the
world,
companies
like
Yahoo
and
Google
are
hunting
harder
for
deals.
答案：exploding 考查with的复合结构。explode与Internet
use之间为主动关系，故填exploding。
4．The
world
is
a
play
that
would
not
be
worth
________
(see)
if
we
knew
the
plot.
答案：seeing 考查be
worth
doing的用法。此处doing用主动形式表被动。
5．Although
the
Eiffel
Tower
________
(design)
to
last
for
20
years,
it
is
still
standing
today.
答案：was
designed 考查时态和语态。design与the
Eiffel
Tower之间为动宾关系，且根据语意可知，动作是过去发生的，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
6．The
vase
has
so
________
(amaze)
a
story
that
nobody
cares
about
its
beauty.
答案：amazing 考查词性转换。“so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.”意为“如此令人……的”。又因此处修饰story，故用amazing。
7．We
shouldn't
be
too
crazy
about
learning
English,
but
it
is
also
too
extreme
to
remove
English
________
college
entrance
exams.
答案：from 考查固定搭配。remove...from...意为“把……从……去掉”。
8．The
tour
around
the
city
will
finish
at
the
entrance
________
the
State
Apartments.
答案：to 考查介词。the
entrance
to...意为“……的入口”。
9．I
doubt
________
the
new
one
will
be
better.
答案：whether/if 考查连词。句意：我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好些。
10．Some
strange
customs
have
survived
________
earlier
times.
答案：from 考查固定搭配。survive
from“从……流传下来”。
1 in
search
of
寻找；搜寻；寻求
IN
SEARCH
OF
THE
AMBER
ROOM(P1)
寻找琥珀屋
归纳拓展
(1)in
one's
search
for
寻找
(2)search
sth./sb.搜查某物/搜身
search
for＝look
for寻找
search...for...为找到……而搜查……
(3)常见的“in＋名词＋of”短语有：
in_memory_of为了纪念……
in_favour_of支持；赞同
in_honour_of为了纪念；为向……表示敬意
in_need_of需要
in_charge_of掌管；负责
in_possession_of拥有……
名师点睛
in
search
of
“寻找，搜寻”，在句中常作表语或目的状语。名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/one's等限定词时，of一般换成for。search作动词用时，search的宾语是指搜查的范围，可以是人、物或地点；而搜寻要找的人或物时，要加介词for。
语境助记
①I
went
off
in_search_of
a
gas
station
where
I
could
buy
some
petrol.
我离开去寻找加油站买汽油。
②The
police
searched_the_suspect
but
found
no
weapons
on
him.
警方搜查了嫌疑犯，但在他身上没找到武器。
③I
searched
the
whole
room
for_the_lost_key,_but
in
vain.
我搜遍了整个房间来寻找丢失的钥匙，但是徒劳。
④[一言辨异]Some
policemen
were_searching
one
robber
for
more
evidence;
others
were
searching_for
another
robber
and
the
local
people
were
in_search_of
the
things
they
had
lost.
有些警察为了找到更多的证据正在搜查其中一个抢劫犯；另外一些警察正在寻找另外一个抢劫犯；当地人正在寻找他们丢失的东西。
2 belong
to
属于；为……的一员
However,
the
next
King
of
Prussia,
Frederick
William
I,
to
whom
the
amber
room
belonged,
decided
not
to
keep
it.(P2)
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
归纳拓展
(1)belong
to表示“属于”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态，作后置定语时，常用现在分词，有类似用法的短语还包括：date
back
to/date
from(追溯到)，consist
of(由……组成)等
(2)belong
vi.适合待在某处，放在某处，没有含被动意味的过去分词的用法
(3)belongings
n．财产；所有物；相关事物
语境助记
①As
we
all
know,
tigers
and
cats
belong_to
the
same
family
of
beasts.
众所周知，老虎和猫属于同一科的野兽。
②All
the
workers
belonging_to
the
factory
must
obey
the
rule.
这个工厂的所有员工必须遵守这个规定。
③[2016·浙江高考]We
had
to
keep
track
of
our_belongings,_and
if
something
was
lost,
it
was
not
replaced.
我们必须要密切关注我们的财物，如果有东西丢失的话，无法替换。
3 in
return
作为报答；回报
In
return,
the
Czar
sent
him
a
troop
of
his
best
soldiers.(P2)
作为回报，沙皇送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
归纳拓展
(1)in
return
(for
sth.)作为(对……的)回报
return...for...以……回报……
return
like
for
like以牙还牙
(2)in
turn依次；反过来
by
turns
轮流；时而……时而……
语境助记
①He
wanted
to
do
something
in_return_for
the
kindness
that
she
offered
him.
他想做点什么事来酬谢她的好意。
②He
spends
too
much
time
on
maths,
and
this
in_turn
affects
the
progress
of
his
other
subjects.
他花费大量时间学数学，这反过来影响了其它学科的进步。
③Theory
is
based
on
practice
and
in_turn
serves
practice.
理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。
④[牛津高阶]The
book
is,
by_turns,_funny
and
very
sad.
这部书时而妙趣横生，时而悲悲戚戚。
图解助记
过关演练
选词填空
less
than；
belong
to；
in
search
of；
in
return；
think
highly
of；
take
apart；
at
war；
serve
as；
to
one's
amazement；
by
design
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Think
of
the
people
who
________
book
groups.
They
choose
books
to
read
and
then
meet
to
discuss
them.
答案：belong
to
2．Remember
that
you
can
expect
the
best
________.
答案：in
return
3．The
country
has
been
________
with
its
neighbors
for
more
than
two
years.
Every
one
in
the
country
is
really
anxious
for
peace.
答案：at
war
4．Young
as
the
boy
is,
he
is
able
to
________
the
toy
car
and
put
it
together
again.
答案：take
apart
5．The
rescue
workers
removed
the
bricks
and
stones
with
bare
hands
________
any
survivor
in
the
earthquake.
答案：in
search
of
6．It
happened—whether
by
accident
or________－that
the
two
of
them
were
left
alone.
答案：by
design
7．From
this
experience
I
have
learnt
that
questioning
can
________
a
bridge
that
helps
us
to
seek
the
truth.
答案：serve
as
8．A
college
classmate
of
mine,
Tim,
was
an
excellent
football
player,
even
though
he
weighed
much
________
the
average
player.
答案：less
than
9．[牛津高阶]________，
he
remembered
me.
答案：To
my
amazement
10．The
film
________
and
soon
became
a
hit.
答案：was
highly
thought
of
1 Frederick
William
I,
the
King
of
Prussia,
_could_never_
ave_imagined
that
his
greatest
gift
to
the
Russian
people
would
have
such
an
amazing
history.(P1)
普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。归纳拓展
在句中could
have
done
sth.表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能做过某事”。该结构还表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本来能够去做某事却没有做”。有类似用法的结构还有：
must
have
done
sth.
一定做过某事
might
have
done
sth.
过去可能做过某事；本可能做某事
should
have
done
sth.
过去应该做过某事；本应该做某事
needn't
have
done
sth.
本没必要做某事
ought
to
have
done
sth.
本该做某事
would
have
done
本来要做某事
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]He
can't_have_slept
well
through
all
that
noise.
他不可能在那种闹哄哄的环境里睡好觉。
②You
could_have_done_better,_but
you
were
too
careless.
你本能够做得更好，但你太粗心了。
③—I
stayed
at
a
hotel
while
in
New
York.
—Oh,
did
you
You
could_have_stayed
with
Barbara.
——在纽约时我住在一家旅馆里。
——噢，是吗？你本来能够和芭芭拉住在一起的。
④—I
spent
two
weeks
in
London
last
summer.
—Then
you
must_have_visited
the
British
Museum
during
your
stay,
didn't
you
——去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。
——那么在此期间你一定参观过大英博物馆了，是吗？
⑤I
needn't_have_worried
before
I
came
to
the
new
school,
for
my
classmates
here
are
very
friendly
to
me.
在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。
2 There_is_no_doubt_that
the
boxes
were
then
put
on
a
train
for
K nigsberg,
which
was
at
that
time
a
German
city
on
the
Baltic
Sea.(P2)
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。
归纳拓展
(1)There
is
no
doubt
that...为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that后面的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。
doubt常见搭配：
①There
is
no
doubt
毫无疑问……
②There
is
some
doubt
whether...有疑问……
③I
don't/never
doubt
that...
我确信……
④I
doubt
whether/if...我怀疑……
⑤without/beyond
doubt无疑地；必定
(2)类似的句型结构有：
There
is＋
It
is
no
use/no
good/no
need
doing
sth.做某事没有用处/好处/必要
It
is
no
wonder
that...(＝No
wonder
that...)难怪；怪不得……
名师点睛
1 当名词doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意此时不可以用if替换whether。
2 及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
语境助记
①There_is_no_doubt
that
Michael
Jordan
deserves
the
title
“outstanding
player
of
his
generation”．
毫无疑问，迈克尔·乔丹无愧于“一代杰出球员”的称号。
②There_is_some_doubt
whether
he
is
suitable
for
the
job.
他是否胜任这项工作还有一些疑问。
③I
have
no_doubt_that
you'll
succeed.我相信你肯定能成功。
④You
can
complain,
but
I
doubt_if/whether
it
will
make
any
difference.
你可以抱怨，但我怀疑抱怨是否会有任何影响。
⑤I
never_doubted_that
she
would
come.
我从未怀疑过她会来。
⑥There_is_a_possibility_that
the
company
will
suffer
a
great
loss
this
month.
这家公司本月很可能遭受巨大损失。
⑦There_is_no_point_(in)
arguing
with
him
about
it.
与他争论这事没有任何意义。
⑧There
is
no_need_to_put
the
meeting
ahead
because
we
still
have
three
weeks
before
the
end
of
the
term.
离这学期结束还有三周时间，因此我们没有必要提前开会。
3 In
a
trial,
a
judge
must
decide
which_eyewitnesses_to_
elieve
and
which_not_to_believe.
(P5)
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可信，哪些不可信。
归纳拓展
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)why后加不定式时，不定式省略符号to。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。
名师点睛
疑问代词(who,
which除外)后面须跟及物动词；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词；若接及物动词，动词不定式须有自己的宾语。
语境助记
①From
the
teacher's
point
of
view,
children
should
be
left
to
decide
what_to_read_and_how_to_read.
从教师的观点来看，应该由孩子来决定读什么和怎么读。
②When_and_where_to_go_on_an_outing
hasn't
been
decided.
何时何地去郊游还没有决定。
③I
don't
know
how_to_do
it
next.
我不知道下一步该怎么办。
④Today's
English
learners
have
a
wide
choice
of
dictionaries
from_which_to_choose.
当今，英语学习者有各种各样的词典可供选择。
⑤Why_not_discover
what
you
enjoy
and
do
that
为什么不去发现你喜欢做的然后去做呢？
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．There
is
still
some
doubt
________the
autumn
sports
meeting
will
be
held
in
our
school,
but
there
is
no
doubt
________it
will
be
held
soon
after
our
National
Day
holiday.
答案：whether;
that 第一空考查whether引导同位语从句，不能用if；第二空考查There
is
no
doubt
that...结构。
2．People
are
learning
________
to
organize
huge
quantities
of
information
so
that
they
are
able
to
access
it.
答案：how 考查“疑问词＋to
do”结构。根据语意可知，此处填how。
3．It
was
not
long
________
he
came
back.
答案：before 考查连词。It
was
not
long
before...意为“不久就……”。句意：没过多久他回来了。
4．The
parents
didn't
tolerate
their
kids'
rudeness
at
the
party,
________
did
they
allow
themselves
to
be
disobeyed.
答案：neither/nor 考查“neither/nor＋助动词＋主语”句式。此句式表示与上文否定的情况相同。
5．—Sorry,
Professor
Smith.
I
didn't
finish
the
assignment
yesterday.
—Oh,
you
________
have
done
it
as
yesterday
was
the
deadline.
答案：should 考查虚拟语气。should
have
done表示“本应该做而未做”。Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Tom
is
a
stubborn
boy,
so
it
is
no
use
________.
汤姆是一个顽固的孩子，所以与他争辩是没用的。答案：debating
with
him
2．________among
the
workers
is
still
a
question.
这些工人之间如何分工仍是一个问题。
答案：How
to
divide
labor
3．He
has
been
busy
painting
the
house._____________________
他一直在刷房子，难怪他看来这么累。
答案：No
wonder
he
looks
so
tired
4．Not
a
word
______________
at
the
meeting.
他在会上一句话也没说。
答案：did
he
say
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
定语从句的种类
定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。
定语从句的定义
1．限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。
This
is
the
MP4
that/which
I
bought
for
my
daughter
yesterday.
这是我昨天为女儿买的MP4。
The
old
town
has
narrow
streets
and
small
houses
that
are
built
close
to
each
other.
这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。
2．非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在这类定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。
He
passed
the
exam,
which
surprised
his
parents.
他通过了考试，这使他的父母很吃惊。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．China
Today
attracts
a
worldwide
readership,
________shows
that
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
want
to
learn
about
China.
答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且先行词指代上文，故填which。
2．Opposite
is
St
Paul's
Church,
________
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，先行词指地点，因此填where。
3．[2016·四川高考]Those
given
night
milk,
________
contained
10
times
the
amount
of
melatonin,
were
less
active
and
less
anxious
than
those
fed
with
the
milk
collected
during
daytime.
答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词指物，which在从句中作主语。句意：和那些喝了在白天收集的牛奶的老鼠相比，喝了含有10倍褪黑激素的在夜间收集的牛奶的老鼠更不活跃，也很少焦虑。
4．The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere________his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词表示地点，故填where。
5．As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time________he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
答案：when 考查限制性定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填when。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时21′)
I
have
always
been
an
independent
person,
but
I
have
come
to
know
that
being
independent
does
not
mean
refusing
help.
I
may
still
be
__1__
with
asking
for
help,
but
I
try
to
accept.
Furthermore,
I
will
even
__2__
help
and
when
my
offers
are
refused,
I
am
__3__
willing
to
walk
away.
And
all
these
changes
came
from
a
disaster
on
an
island.
Sometimes
a
person's
independence
is
a
__4__
of
pride,
daring,
stubbornness
and
luck.
I
used
to
be
too
__5__
since
I
was
little.
I
was
once
a
traveler
who
never
asked
for
__6__，
choosing
instead
to
struggle
with
maps
and
signs
until
I
found
my
way.
Then
one
day
on
the
island
of
Koh
Phangan,
in
Thailand,
everything
__7__.
I
was
swimming
in
the
ocean
with
Sean,
my
fiancé，
when
he
was
__8__
by
a
box
jellyfish
(箱形水母).
He
__9__
within
three
minutes,
25
years
old.
Yet
when
onlookers
and
travelers
asked
if
I
wanted
__10__，
stubborn
pride
and
force
of
habit
__11__
me
accepting.
But
two
young
Israeli
women
stayed.
__12__
my
protest,
they
were
with
me
even
when
the
police
tried
to
cover
up
the
__13__
of
Sean's
death.
It
was
listed
as
drunk
drowning
to
avoid
hurting
the
__14__
industry.
The
Israeli
women
__15__
have
walked
away.
__16__，
without
even
telling
me,
they
__17__
their
schedule
rather
than
leave
me
behind.
__18__
I
didn't
realize
it
at
the
time,
I
now
believe
I
would
not
have
__19__
the
disaster
without
these
great
women.
Actually,
the
person
who
needs
help
the
most
is
usually
the
last
person
to
ask
for
it.
I
have
learned
__20__
is
better
than
refusing
because
it
not
only
helps
you
walk
out
of
trouble,
but
also
helps
you
know
the
real
meaning
of
life.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历领悟到一个道理：独立并不意味着要拒绝帮助，接受帮助胜过拒绝帮助，它不仅能帮你摆脱困境，还能帮助你明白生活的真谛。
1．A.struggling
B．dealing
C．confused
D．satisfied
答案：A struggle
with意为“与……作斗争”，根据上下文逻辑关系可判断，“我”还在同“是否要寻求帮助”作斗争。
2．A.accept
B．
offer
C．seek
D．
desire
答案：B 根据下文的when
my
offers可分析判断，“我”甚至会给别人提供帮助。
3．A.occasionally
B．
frequently
C．usually
D．
seldom
答案：D 由语境可知，当“我”给别人提供帮助而被拒绝时，很少会心甘情愿地走开。这与下文“我”拒绝别人的帮助时，对方还是留下来陪“我”的经历有关。occasionally“偶尔”；frequently
“经常地”；usually“通常”；seldom“很少”。
4．A.range
B．
symbol
C．way
D．
mix
答案：D 句意：有时一个人的独立是骄傲、勇敢、顽强和运气的结合。range“一系列”；symbol“象征”；way“方式”；mix“混合，结合”。
5．A.adventurous
B．
brave
C．independent
D．
creative
答案：C 根据文章第一句以及下文的内容可分析判断，“我”是一个非常独立的人。
6．A.money
B．
equipment
C．directions
D．
suggestions
答案：C 根据第6空后面的“choosing
instead
to
struggle
with
maps
and
signs
until
I
found
my
way”分析判断，“我”曾经旅行时从不问路。money“钱”；equipment“装备”；direction“方向”；suggestion“建议”。
7．A.happened
B．
messed
C．changed
D．
disappeared
答案：C 根据第一段的最后一句中的all
these
changes分析判断，此处表示一切都变了。故选C项。
8．A.attacked
B．
caught
C．followed
D．
impressed
答案：A 根据下文提到的“我”的未婚夫之死可分析，他受到了箱形水母的攻击。attack“攻击”。
9．A.sunk
B．
died
C．failed
D．
recovered
答案：B 根据“25
years
old”及第13空后面的“Sean's
death”可分析判断，Sean在三分钟之内就死了。故选B项。
10．A.company
B．
advice
C．comfort
D．
evidence
答案：A 可由上文分析判断，“我”正遭受着未婚夫突然去世的打击，再结合第11空后面的“two
young
Israeli
women
stayed”可知，周围的人在问作者是否需要陪伴。company“陪伴”。
11．A.kept
B．
prevented
C．denied
D．
suggested
答案：B 由上下文可知，“我”固执的骄傲和习惯的力量阻止“我”接受别人提供的帮助。prevent“阻止”。
12．A.In
spite
of
B．
In
case
of
C．In
terms
of
D．
As
a
result
of
答案：A 此处表示尽管“我”反对，她们还是留下来陪“我”。in
spite
of“尽管”；in
case
of“以防万一”；in
terms
of“就……而言”；as
a
result
of“由于……”。
13．A.proof
B．
news
C．fact
D．
cause
答案：D 根据下一句中的“It
was
listed
as
drunk
drowning”可知，警方尽力地掩盖肖恩死亡的原因。cause“原因”。
14．A.medicine
B．
entertainment
C．fishing
D．
tourism
答案：D 由上下文可知，肖恩因受水母攻击而死亡，警方掩盖其死因是为了避免影响到当地的旅游业。
15．A.must
B．
need
C．should
D．
could
答案：D could
have
done表示“本来能做，而实际上未做”，此处指那两位以色列女士本来能够离开的，但她们还是留下来陪“我”。
16．A.Therefore
B．
Otherwise
C．Instead
D．
Besides
答案：C 句意：甚至没告诉“我”，她们却宁可延误自己的日程安排，也不扔下“我”不管。instead“反而，却”。
17．A.delayed
B．
made
C．considered
D．
threw
答案：A 结合上一题句意分析判断。delay“延误，推迟”。
18．A.When
B．
While
C．Because
D．
If
答案：B while“尽管”。句意：尽管“我”当时没有意识到这一点，但现在“我”相信，如果没有这两位好心的女士，“我”不会从这场灾难中幸存。
19．A.avoided
B．
experienced
C．survived
D．
suffered
答案：C 结合上一题句意逻辑分析判断。survive“幸存；存活”。
20．A.refusing
B．
accepting
C．giving
D．
begging
答案：B 根据下文的“because
it
not
only...of
life”并结合全文可知，此处表示接受帮助比拒绝帮助好。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·福州质检]My
16－year－old
son,
Anton,
had
gone
to
the
local
swimming
hole.
Most
of
the
kids
swim
there,
and
there
are
plenty
of
rocks
for
them
to
use
as
safe
harbors,
so
I
had
no
fears
for
his
safety.
Still,
the
firefighter's
first
words
“You
need
to
come
up
here
to
the
Stillwater
River”
made
me
catch
my
breath,
and
his
follow－up
words
gave
me
relief：“Your
son
is
OK.”
When
I
got
to
the
river,
I
immediately
saw
the
fire
truck,
ambulance
and
Anton,
wrapped
with
a
towel
about
his
shoulders,
sitting
quietly
on
a
low
platform
of
the
fire
engine.
I
hurried
over
to
him.
“You
OK？”
I
asked.
“Yeah，”
was
all
he
said.
But
my
eyes
begged
for
an
explanation.
I
didn't
get
it
from
my
son,
however,
who_tended_to_play
_his_cards_close_to_his_vest.
The
story
was
this:
A
woman
was
being
swept
under
water.
Hearing
the
cries,
Anton
and
his
friend
Tyler,
without
hesitation，
swam
out
to
her,
and
brought
her
safely
to
shore.
In
an
age
in
which
the
word
“hero”
is
broadcast
with
abandon
and
seemingly
applied
to
anyone
who
make
it
through
the
day,
I
realized
the
real
thing
in
my
son.
The
teens
are
stubborn
and
self－centred,
but
that
doesn't
mean
they
have
no
desire
to
do
good.
Still
shocked
by
my
son's
daring,
I
drove
him
home.
Along
the
way,
I
tried
to
dig
out
some
more
information
from
him—but
he
had
precious
little
to
say.
The
only
words
he
said
were
“What's
for
supper？”
I
spent
some
time
alone
that
evening,
thinking
about
the
tragedy
that
might
have
been.
The
next
morning,
when
Anton
got
up,
I
half
wanted
him
to
tell
me
the
story.
But
all
he
did
was
toast
some
bread,
pull
himself
together,
and
head
for
the
door
to
start
a
new
day.
Watching
from
the
window,
I
was
reminded
that
still
water
often
runs
deep.
篇章导读：本文讲述的是作者的儿子救了一位落水妇女的故事。作者一直想知道事情发生的经过，但未得到儿子的回答，从而使作者想到“静水流深”的道理。
1．Why
did
the
mother
allow
her
son
to
swim
there
A．He
was
an
excellent
swimmer.
B．The
water
of
the
river
is
shallow.
C．He
was
old
enough
to
swim.
D．The
rocks
can
be
of
help
if
there's
danger.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中第二句“Most
of
the
kids
swim
there,
and
there
are
plenty
of
rocks
for
them
to
use
as
safe
harbors,
...”可知，答案为D。
2．The
underlined
part
“who
tended
to
play
his
cards
close
to
his
vest”
probably
means
________.
A．Anton
is
a
boy
fond
of
swimming
with
other
kids
B．Anton
is
unwilling
to
tell
others
what
he
thinks
C．Anton
always
has
a
desire
to
help
others
D．Anton
seldom
changes
his
mind
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据画线句子前半句以及过渡词however可以推断，作者的儿子安东不愿意讲述他的感受。
3．In
the
mother's
eyes,
what
her
son
did
was
________.
A．dangerous
but
interesting
B．meaningful
but
difficult
C．unexpected
and
courageous
D．awful
and
absurd
答案：C 推理判断题。综合全文信息，这位母亲不断问及事情发生的经过可知，母亲很担心儿子出危险，另外，从儿子的作为也可以看出儿子的英勇。故选C。
4．What
might
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．My
Son,
My
Hero
B．
Anton,
A
Silent
Boy
C．A
Good
Deed
D．
A
Proud
Mother
答案：A 主旨大意题。结合全文可知，这位母亲为自己有这样的儿子感到自豪。故选A。
1．relief
n.
减轻；安慰
2.wrap
vt.
包裹；缠绕
3．explanation
n.
解释
4.broadcast
v.
广播；播放
5．precious
adj.
宝贵的
1．without
hesitation
毫不犹豫地
2.dig
out
挖掘
B
The
story
of
how
coffee
growing
and
drinking
spread
around
the
world
is
one
of
the
greatest
and
most
romantic
in
history.
It
starts
in
the
Horn
of
Africa,
in
Ethiopia,
where
the
coffee
tree
probably
originated
in
the
province
of
Kaffa
(喀法).
There
are
various
fanciful
but
unlikely
stories
surrounding
the
discovery
of
coffee
beans.
One
story
has
it
that
an
Ethiopian
goatherd
(牧羊人)
was
amazed
at
the
lively
behavior
of
his
goats
after
they
chewed
red
coffee
berries.
What
we
know
with
more
certainty
is
that
the
succulent
(多汁的)
outer
cherry
flesh
was
eaten
by
slaves
taken
from
present
day
Sudan
into
Yemen
and
Arabia,
through
the
great
port
of
its
day,
Mocha,
now
synonymous
(同义的)
with
coffee.
Coffee
was
certainly
being
cultivated
in
Yemen
by
the
15th
century
and
probably
much
earlier
than
that.
Mocha
was
also
the
main
port
for
the
one
sea
route
to
Mecca,
and
was
the
busiest
place
in
the
world
at
the
time.
But
the
Arabs
had
a
strict
policy
not
to
export
any
fertile
beans,
so
that
coffee
could
not
be
cultivated
anywhere
else.
The
coffee
bean
is
the
seed
of
the
coffee
tree,
but
when
stripped
of
its
outer
layers
it
becomes
infertile.
The
race
to
make
off
with
(夺走)
some
live
coffee
trees
or
beans
was
eventually
won
by
the
Dutch
in
1616.
Initially，
the
authorities
in
Yemen
actively
encouraged
coffee
drinking
as
it
was
considered
preferable
to
the
extreme
side
effects
of
Kat
(the
Arabic
tea),
a
shrub
whose
buds
and
leaves
were
chewed
as
a
stimulant
(提神物).
The
first
coffeehouses
were
opened
in
Mecca
and
were
called
“kaveh
kanes”.
They
quickly
spread
throughout
the
Arab
world
and
became
successful
places
where
chess
was
played,
gossip
was
exchanged,
and
singing,
dancing
and
music
were
enjoyed.
They
were
luxuriously
decorated
and
each
had
an
individual
character.
Nothing
quite
like
the
coffee－house
had
existed
before:
a
place
where
society
and
business
could
be
conducted
in
comfortable
surroundings
and
where
anyone
could
go,
for
the
price
of
coffee.
The
Arabian
coffeehouses
soon
became
centres
of
political
activity
and
were
suppressed.
Coffee
and
coffeehouses
were
subsequently
banned
several
times
over
the
next
few
decades，
but
they
kept
reappearing.
Eventually
a
solution
was
found
when
coffeehouses
and
coffee
were
taxed.
Nowadays,
this
new
found
“coffee
culture”
has
started
to
spread
to
the
rest
of
the
world.
To
those
countries
with
great
coffee
traditions
of
their
own，
such
as
Italy,
Germany,
and
Scandinavia,
new
converts
were
introduced
to
the
pleasures
of
good
coffee.
Today
it
is
possible
to
find
good
coffee
in
every
major
city
of
the
world,
from
London
to
Sydney
to
Tokyo;
tomorrow
the
world
will
drink
more
and
more
importantly,
better
coffee.
篇章导读：咖啡的种植和饮用在全世界广泛流传的经历可以说是历史上最神奇、最浪漫的故事之一。本文向我们介绍了咖啡的起源及发展。
5．The
legend
mainly
tells
us
________.
A．when
coffee
was
found
B．
where
coffee
was
found
C．how
coffee
is
planted
D．
what
coffee
is
used
for
答案：B'主旨大意题。通读全文我们所获得的最多信息是咖啡起源于哪里，因此答案为B。
6．Mocha,
a
name
of
coffee,
was
originally
________.
A．a
person
who
found
coffee
B．the
name
of
a
great
port
C．a
plant
of
red
berries
D．the
place
where
coffee
was
found
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Mocha
was
also
the
main
port
for
the
one
sea
route
to
Mecca”可知，穆哈在当时是一个港口的名字。
7．Why
were
the
people
in
Yemen
encouraged
to
drink
coffee
A．Because
coffee
can
help
people
keep
energy.
B．Because
people
preferred
coffee
to
Kat.
C．Because
Kat's
leaves
were
not
easily
chewed.
D．Because
Kat
was
not
so
healthy
as
coffee.
答案：D'细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句中的“as
it
was
considered
preferable
to
the
extreme
side
effects
of
Kat(因为人们认为咖啡相比Kat强烈的副作用来说要好得多)”可知，Kat虽可提神但是有副作用。
8．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
the
reason
why
coffeehouses
were
popular
A．Cheapness.
B．
Comfort.
C．Diversity.
D．
Convenience.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句中的“a
place
where
society
and
business
could
be
conducted
in
comfortable
surroundings”可知，咖啡馆在当时给生意人带来了便利和舒服的环境；
“where
anyone
could
go,
for
the
price
of
coffee”一杯咖啡的价钱可以在咖啡馆尽情放松娱乐，说明了它的便宜。
9．Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
passage
A．Coffee
has
a
long
history
but
nobody
can
tell
when
it
was
found.
B．
Mocha
was
a
port
where
coffee
was
exported
before
1616.
C．Coffeehouses
were
firstly
built
for
political
reasons.
D．London,
Sydney
and
Tokyo
are
also
the
hometown
of
coffee
as
Italy
and
Germany.
答案：A 推理判断题。通读全文，文章并未提及何时发现咖啡，从文章第一段最后一句可以推知，A项正确。
1．route
n.
路线；路途
2．initially
adv.
开始；最初；起初
3．authority
n.
权力；当权
4．gossip
n.
流言蜚语；闲言碎语
5．tax
vt.
对……征税；向……课税
1．over
the
next
few
decades
在之后的几十年中
2．of
one's
own
属于某人自己的
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2017·皖南八校联考]It
was
when
we
students
were
taking
final
exam
that
I
clearly
remember
something
happens
last
term.
Mr
Zhang,
a
young
teacher
in
charge
of
our
class,
as
usually
before
exams,
had
told
the
students
all
the
rules:
no
talking,
no
mobile
phone
and
so
on.
He
was
walking
back
and
forth
in
the
classroom
while
suddenly
a
phone
rang.
What's
more
worse,
all
the
students
looked
up
to
him
at
once.
It
must
took
him
ages
to
find
the
phone
in
his
bag
and
her
face
immediately
turned
red.
One
of
the
student
was
laughing
so
many
that
she
fell
out
of
her
chair
unexpectedly.
答案：
It
was
when
we
students
were
taking
final
exam
that
I
clearly
remember
something
last
term.
Mr
Zhang,
a
young
teacher
in
charge
of
our
class,
as
before
exams,
had
told
the
students
all
the
rules:
no
talking,
no
mobile
phone
and
so
on.
He
was
walking
back
and
forth
in
the
classroom
suddenly
a
phone
rang.
What's
worse,
all
the
students
looked
up
him
at
once.
It
must
him
ages
to
find
the
phone
in
his
bag
and
face
immediately
turned
red.
One
of
the
was
laughing
so
that
she
fell
out
of
her
chair
unexpectedly.
第一处：taking后加the take
the
final
exam
“参加期末考试”。
第二处：happens→happened 由last
term可知，应用一般过去时。
第三处：usually→usual as
usual“像往常一样”。
第四处：while→when sb.
was
doing
sth.
when...意为“某人正在做某事这时候另一件事情发生了”。
第五处：去掉worse前边的more what's
worse“更糟糕的是”。
第六处：look
up
to中的to→at look
up
at
“抬头看”。
第七处：took→take must情态动词后边要跟动词原形。
第八处：her
face中的her→his 由前边in
his
bag
可知，此处应为his。
第九处：student→students one
of后边应用名词复数。
第十处：many→much much修饰动词laughing。话题素材——电脑网络科技
好词
1．convenience
n.
方便；便利
2.beneficial
adj.
有益的；有好处的
3．electronic
adj.
电子的
4.technology
n.
技术；科技
5．update
n．&vt.
更新；(使)现代化
6.be_addicted_to
对……上瘾
7．negative
effect
负面影响
8．with_the_help_of
在……帮助下
9．make_a_great_contribution_to
对……做出极大的贡献
10．shop
online
网购
11．change
one's
life
改变某人的生活
12．improve_the_quality_of_life
改善生活质量
13．more_and_more_popular
越来越流行
14．surf_the_Internet
上网浏览信息(网上冲浪)
15．contribute
to...导致；促进……
佳句
1．With_the_help_of
the
computer,
it_will_be_possible
for
humans
to
work
at
home.
在电脑的帮助下，人们在家办工将是有可能的。
2．There_is_no_doubt
that
blog
can
provide
a
platform
to
show
their
talent
and
release
their
pressure,
thus
making
it
more
and
more
popular
with
high
school
students.
毫无疑问，博客能够提供一个展示才华，释放压力的平台，因此，博客在高中生中越来越受欢迎。
3．We
have
to
say
it_is
just
the
Internet
that
is
making
our
life
more
colourful
and
comfortable.
我们必须承认正是网络使我们的生活更加丰富多彩和舒适。
[精美语篇]
Recently
our
class
discussed
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
surfing
the
Internet.
Here
are
our
conclusions.
Of
course,
surfing
the
Internet
clearly
has
some
advantages.
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
Internet
makes
communication
easier
and
helps
us
keep
up
with
the
latest
information.
It
is
also
a
great
use
of
spare
time:
online
shopping,
online
movies
and
even
online
chats
with
friends.Like
anything
else,
the
Internet
is
not
perfect.
Being
addicted
to
it
can
waste
a
lot
of
time,
especially
for
us
students;
not
only
can
our
studies
be
harmed
by
our
spending
too
much
time
online,
but
we
often
hear
news
of
students
who
met
dangerous
people
online
or
who
even
got
cheated.
In
my
opinion,
when
surfing
the
Internet,
we
should
be
aware
of
both
the
advantages
and
disadvantages,
so
that
we
can
maximize
the
advantages
and
minimize
the
disadvantages.
对应学生用书P049
高频单词
1．calculate
(vt.)计算→calculation
(n.)
计算
2．universal
(adj.)普遍的；通用的；宇宙的→universe
(n.)
宇宙；天地万物
3．simplify
(vt.)简化→simple
(adj.)简单的→simply
(adv.)
仅仅；只；不过
4．operator
(n.)
(电脑)操作员；接线员→operate
(v.)
运转；工作→operation
(n.)
手术；运作
5．logical
(adj.)合逻辑的；合情理的→logically
(adv.)逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
6．intelligence
(n.)智力；聪明；智能→intelligent
(adj.)智能的；聪明的7．solve
(vt.)解决；解答→solution
(n.)解决；解答
8．reality
(n.)真实；事实；现实→real
(adj.)真正的；真实的→really
(adv.)真正地；确实地
9．personal
(adj.)私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally
(adv.)就个人而言；亲自→personality
(n.)个性；人格；风云人物；名人
10．total
(adj.)总的；整个的(n.)总数；合计(vt.)共计；总计→totally
(adv.)完全地；整个地
11．application
(n.)应用；用途；申请→apply
(v.)应用；涉及；申请→applicant
(n.)申请人；求职者→applied
(adj.)应用的；实用的
12．finance
(n.)金融；财经→financial
(adj.)
金融的；财政的
13．explore
(vt.
&
vi.)探索；探测；探究→explorer
(n.)探险家；勘探者→exploration(n.)探索
14．anyhow
(adv.)(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
15．goal
(n.)目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
16．happiness
(n.)
幸福；快乐→happy
(adj.)高兴的；快乐的
17．signal
(vi.
&
vt.)发信号(n.)信号
18．type
(n.)类型(vt.
&
vi.)打字
19．arise
(vi.)出现；发生→arose
(过去式)→arisen(过去分词)
20．electronic
(adj.)电子的→electricity
(n.)电；电学
21．appearance
(n.)外观；外貌；出现→appear
(vi.)出现
22．character
(n.)
性格；特点→characteristic
(adj.)
典型的；独特的；特有的
23．technology
(n.)工艺；科技；技术→technological
(adj.)科技的
重点短语
1．from...on
从……时起
2．as_a_result
结果
3．of_high_quality
高质量的
4．go_by
时光流逝；顺便拜访
5．in_a_way
在某种程度上
6．make_up
弥补；化妆；编造；构成
7．after_all
毕竟
8．with_the_help_of
在……的帮助下
9．deal_with
处理；安排；对付
10．watch_over
看守；监视
热点句型
1．before“……之后才……”，引导时间状语从句
I
developed
very
slowly
and
it_took_nearly_two_hundred_years_
before(差不多过了两百年才)I
was
built
as
an
analytical
machine
by
Charles
Babbage.(教材P18)
2．as
“随着”，引导时间状语从句
As_time_went_by(随着时间的推移),
I
was
made
smaller.(教材P18)
3．so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句Over
time
my
memory
has
developed
so_much_that
(如此快以至于),
like
an
elephant,
I
never
forget
anything
I
have
been
told！(教材P18)
4．It
is＋adj.＋to
do
sth.“做某事是……的”
I
think
it's_impossible_to_live(无法生活)without
computers！(教材P19)
5．by
the
time...“到……为止”
By_the_time_I_was_sixteen(在我满十六岁时)，my
dream
had
come
true.(教材P20)
6．what引导表语从句
After
all,
with
the
help
of
my
electronic
brain
which
never
forgets
anything,
using
intelligence
is
what_I'm_all_about！(我的一切)(教材P23)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．By
the
1940s
I
________
(grow)
as
large
as
a
room,
and
I
wondered
________
I
would
grow
any
larger.
答案：had
grown;
if
2．Since
the
1970s,
many
new
applications
________
(find)
for
me.
答案：have
been
found
3．I
have
also
been
put
into
robots
and
used
________
(make)
mobile
phones
as
well
as
help
with
medical
operations.
答案：to
make
4．From
then
on,
I
grew
________
(rapid)
both
in
size
and
in
brainpower.
答案：rapidly
5．We
are
determined
________
(create)
an
even
better
system.
答案：to
create
6．I
was
always
so
lonely
________
(stand)
there
by
myself,
until
in
the
early
1960s
they
gave
me
a
family
________
(connect)
by
a
network.
答案：standing;
connected
7．My
memory
became
________
large
that
even
I
couldn't
believe
it!
答案：so
8．Anyhow,
my
goal
is
to
provide
humans
________
a
life
of
high
quality.
答案：with
9．She
programs
us
with
all
the
possible
moves
she
has
seen
while
________
(watch)
human
games.
答案：watching
10．She
prepares
________
(rely)
moves
to
use
if
a
new
situation
arises.
答案：reliable
1 total adj.总的；整个的 n．总数；合计totally
adv.
完全地；整个地
As
a
result
I
totally
changed
my
shape.(P18)
因此，我已经完全改变了形状。
归纳拓展
(1)a
total
of
总共……
in
total
总计；总共(＝in
all)
(2)totally
adv.
完全地；整个地
语境助记
①How
much
do
you
have
to
pay
in_total
if
four
of
you
go
together
如果你们四个人一起去的话你总共需要支付多少钱？
②You
got
47
points
on
the
written
examination
and
18
on
the
oral,
making
a_total_of
65.
你笔试得了47分，口试得了18分，总分65分。
③[牛津高阶]They
came
from
totally
different
cultures.
他们来自完全不同的文化。
2 signal vi.&
vt.发信号；发暗号；示意 n．信号；暗号
I
have
learned
to
signal
to
my
teammates
in
computer
language
to
give
me
the
ball
when...(P23)
我已经学会了用计算机语言示意我的队友把球传给我……
归纳拓展
(1)signal
(to)
sb.
to_do
sth.示意某人做某事
signal
(sb.)
that
示意(某人)……
(2)a
danger/warning/traffic
signal一个危险/警告/交通信号
语境助记
①The
police
signalled/signaled_(to)
the
driver
to_stop
his
car
by
raising
his
hand.
警察举手示意司机停车。
②He
stood
up,
signalling/signaling_to
the
police
officer
that
he
had
finished
talking
with
his
client.
他站起身，向警官示意他和他的当事人已经谈完了。
③A
red
light
is
a_signal_of
danger,
which
is
even
known
to
a
five－year－old
child.
红灯是危险信号，这是一个5岁孩子都知道的事情。
图解助记
3 arise vi.出现；发生；(由……)引起；起身；起床
Then
she
prepares
reliable
moves
to
use
if
a
new
situation
arises.(P23)
接着她准备好了可行的步骤来应对新情况的出现。
(1)arise表示“出现；发生”之意时，其主语多为problem,
argument,
quarrel,
danger,
movement,
question等抽象名词，多指不好的事情发生或出现。
(2)arise
from/out
of由……而引起；由……而产生；从……中产生
语境助记
①A
new
difficulty
has_arisen.
出现了新困难。
②Problems
arise_from/out_of
the
lack
of
communication.
由于缺乏交流而产生问题。
③写出下列句中arise的含义
a．Unexpected
difficulties
arose
in
the
course
of
their
experiment.
出现
b．Mistakes
often
arise
from
carelessness.由……而引起
c．A
curl
of
smoke
is
arising
out
of
the
chimney.上升
d．They
arose
at
sunrise
to
get
an
early
start
to
the
park.起床
e．Seeing
their
teacher
come
into
the
classroom,
all
the
students
arose
from
the
chairs.起身
易混辨析
单词
词性词义
过去式
过去分词
v. ing
arise
(vi.)
出现；发生；起因于
arose
arisen
arising
arouse
(vt.)
唤醒；激起
aroused
aroused
arousing
rise
(vi.)
升起；起身；增长；上升
rose
risen
rising
raise
(vt.)
举起；唤起；提高；饲养
raised
raised
raising
图解助记
④[一言辨异]One
of
the
problems
arising_from
the
present
economic
situation
is
that
the
price
is
rising
sharply,
of
course,
partly
because
some
illegal
businessmen
raise
it
on
purpose,
which
has
aroused
some
objections.
当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨，当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一片反对之声。
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．With
many
problems
________
(arise),
he
didn't
know
what
to
do
next.
答案：arising 考查with复合结构。arise为不及物动词，与problems之间为主动关系。
2．The
team
are
working
hard
to
analyze
the
problem
so
that
they
can
find
the
best
________
(solve)．
答案：solution 考查词性转换。此处应该填名词，因为空格前有形容词修饰。
3．There
is
another
kind
of
beauty
that
has
nothing
to
do
with
________
(appear),
but
comes
from
the
heart.
答案：appearance 考查词性转换。介词后应填名词。
4．Her
childhood
dream
became
a
________
(real)
when
she
broke
the
100
m
race
world
record.
答案：reality 考查词性转换。reality名词“现实；实际情况”。
5．I
think
________
(happy)
depends
on
our
attitude
towards
life.
答案：happiness 考查词性转换。happiness名词“幸福；快乐”。
6．________(person)
speaking,
it
is
he
rather
than
I
that
is
to
blame
for
the
accident.
答案：Personally 考查词性转换。此处应填副词修饰分词speaking。personally
speaking意为“就个人而言”。
7．Many
people
are
trying
to
come
up
with
plans
to
solve
the
most
________(finance)
troubled
problems.
答案：financially 考查词性转换。此处修饰形容词troubled，因此应填副词。
8．________
(personal),
his
________
(apply)
will
be
turned
down
by
that
company.
答案：Personally;
application 考查词性转换。第一空personally副词“就个人而言”；第二空application名词“申请”。
9．If
you
are
not
________
(total)
satisfied,
return
it
at
our
expense
and
your
money
will
be
given
back
to
you.
答案：totally 考查词性转换。此处应填副词修饰形容词。
10．Try
to
________
(simple)
your
explanation
to
the
students
to
help
them
understand
better.
答案：simplify 考查词性转换。simplify动词“简化”。
1 as
a
result
结果；因此
As
a
result
I
totally
changed
my
shape.(P18)
因此，我已经完全改变了形状。
归纳拓展
as
a
result表示“结果；因此”，引出结果，在句中充当状语
as
a
result
of表示“作为……的结果；由于”，引出原因，是介词短语
without_result
毫无结果；白费
result
from由……造成；因……而产生
result
in导致
语境助记
①The
weather
was
bad;
as_a_result,_we
had
to
put
off
our
hiking.
天气不好，结果我们不得不推迟徒步旅行。
②[牛津高阶]She
died
as_a_result_of
her
injuries.
她因伤死亡。
③I
think
his
illness
resulted_from
the
overfull
tiredness.
我认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了病。
④The
flood
has_resulted_in
many
deaths.
洪水已经造成了很多人死亡。
⑤[2016·北京高考]Their
wings
can
bridge
the
gap
between
lines,
resulting_in
electrocution
(电死)
if
they
touch
two
lines
at
once.
它们的翅膀可以在两根线之间搭建桥梁。这就导致如果它们接触两根线时就会马上触电死亡。
⑥The
meeting
broke
up
without_result.
会议没有结果就结束了。
图解助记
2 in
a
way
在某种程度上
In
a
way
our
programmer
is
like
our
coach.(P23)
在某种程度上，我们的程序员就像我们的教练。
归纳拓展
all
the
way一路上；自始至终；完全
by
the
way
顺便说
by
way
of
经由；通过……方法
in
this
way
用这种方式；通过这种方式
in
no
way
一点也不；决不
in
the
way
挡道；碍事
No
way!
[俚]别想！没门！
名师点睛
1 表达“在某种程度上”时，还可用in
a
sense，
to
a/some
degree及to
an/some
extent三个短语。
2 in
no
way置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
语境助记
①In_a_way,_he
has
made
great
progress
this
term.
从某方面来说，这学期他已经取得了很大的进步。
②Her
social
life
got
in_the_way
of
her
studies.
她的社交活动妨碍了她的学习。
③He
decided
that
he
would
drive
all_the_way
home
instead
of
putting
up
at
a
hotel
for
the
night.
他决定一路开车回家而不是在旅馆里过夜。
④By_the_way,_I
found
that
book
you
were
looking
for.
顺便提一下，我找到了你在寻找的那本书。
⑤All
the
goods
were
transported
by_way_of
the
Netherlands.
一切货物均需经荷兰运送。
⑥Only_in_this_way
can
we
grow
up
to
the
independents
and
become
truly
successful.
只有用这种方法，我们才能独立成长，真正成功。
3 deal
with
处理；安排；对付；涉及；讨论
This
means
that
it
should
clean
the
house,
mop
the
floors,
cook
the
dinner
and
deal
with
telephone
calls.(P24)
这就意味着，我的机器人要打扫房间、擦地板、做饭和接听电话。
归纳拓展
do
with
sth.处理某事
deal
in
sth.做……生意；经营；买卖
make
a
deal
达成协议；做成交易
It's
a
deal!
成交/一言为定！
名师点睛
1 deal
with意为“处理；对待；对付；涉及；与……交易”等众多含义，其中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问副词how连用；
2 在do
with短语中，do为及物动词，表示“如何处理、对待”时，要与疑问代词what连用。
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]For
years
I
dealt_with
my
travel
agent
only
by
phone.
多年以来我和我的旅行代办人仅靠电话联系来处理业务。
②I've
dealt_with
this
company
for
20
years.
我跟这家公司做生意已有二十年。
③I
don't
know
how
they
will
deal_with
the
problem.
＝I
don't
know
what
they
will
do_with
the
problem.
我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。
④If
you'll
knock
down
the
price
by
another
5
dollars,
it's
a_deal.
如果你把价格再降5美元，就成交了。
⑤写出下列句中deal
with的含义
a．There
are
too
many
difficulties
for
us
to
deal
with.处理
b．He
has
learnt
to
deal
properly
with
all
kinds
of
complicated
situations.应付
c．It
is
an
attempt
to
deal
with
a
set
of
weighty
topics.对付
d．They
have
learnt
to
deal
with
various
persons.与……打交道
过关演练
选词填空
as
a
result
of ；
in
no
way；
with
the
help
of；
watch
over；
deal
with；
apply
for；
have...in
common；
after
all；
from
then
on；
in
total
1．Six
volunteers
slid
down
the
cliff
________
a
rope
but
gave
up
all
hope
of
finding
her
alive.
答案：with
the
help
of
2．You
should
be
patient
to
Jenny.
________
she
is
only
a
child.
答案：After
all
3．[牛津高阶]She
left
in
1984
and
________
he
has
lived
alone.
答案：from
then
on
4．Those
two
brothers
not
only
look
alike,
but
also
they
________.
答案：have
a
lot/something
in
common
5．I'm
writing
to
________
the
position
for
the
simple
reason
that
I
love
reading
and
I
own
a
large
number
of
books.
答案：apply
for
6．We
all
know
that,
if
not
________carefully,
the
situation
will
get
worse.
答案：dealt
with
7．Full sun
coffee
growers
destory
this
forest
home.
________，
many
species
are
quickly
dying
out.
答案：As
a
result
8．________should
you
lose
heart
when
you
are
faced
with
difficulties.
答案：In
no
way
9．They
use
specially
trained
dogs
to
________
the
sheep
at
night.
答案：watch
over
10．________，
over
149
people
lost
their
lives
in
the
Tianjin
Explode
Accident.
答案：In
total
1 As
time
went
by,
I
was
made
smaller.(P18)
随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。
归纳拓展
(1)as是连词，引导时间状语从句。
(2)with是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构，如：with
time
going
by
“随着时间的流逝”。
语境助记
①As
we
grow
older,
we
get
wiser.
随着年龄的增长，我们变得越来越聪明。
②With
winter
coming
on,
it
is
getting
colder
and
colder
day
by
day.
冬天来临了，天气越来越冷了。
③As
time
went_by,_I
gradually
adapted
myself
to
the
school
life.
＝With
time
going_by,_I
gradually
adapted
myself
to
the
school
life.
随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。
2 I
developed
very
slowly
and
it_took_nearly_two_hundred_
years_before
I
was
built
as
an
analytical
machine
by
Charles
Babbage.(P18)
我发展缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
归纳拓展
本句型中，before引导一个时间状语从句。before的本意为“在……之前”，但如果主句是肯定句，并且与时间段连用，意为“……之后才……”，表示主句的动作发生得迟缓。
It
will
not
be
long
before...
不久就会…… 从句常用一般现在时
It
will
be＋时间段＋before...
要过多久才…… 从句常用一般现在时
语境助记
①If
you
miss
this
chance,
it_may_be_years_before
you
get
another
one.
如果你错过这次机会，可能要等几年才会有下一次机会。
②It_will_be_more_than_100_years_before
the
country
begins
once
again
to
look
as
it
did
before.
要过100多年以后，这个国家才能再一次恢复到以前的样子。
③It_won't_be_long_before
they
graduate
from
college.
不久他们就要大学毕业了。
④Three_weeks_went_by_before
she
realized
her
mistakes.
三周过去了，她才意识到自己的错误。
3 Over
time
my
memory
has
developed
so
much
that,_
like
an
elephant,
I
never
forget
anything
I
have
been
told！(P18)
随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，我从来不会忘记别人告诉我的任何事情！
归纳拓展
so/such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
(1)so...that...句型的常见形式：
(2)such...that...句型的基本结构：
(3)当so/such及其后成分放在句首时，主句用部分倒装。
语境助记
①Maybe
it
was
so
crowded
that
my
handbag
slid
off
my
arm.
也许太拥挤了，我的包从胳膊上滑落了。
②It
was
so
hot
a
day
that
nobody
wanted
to
do
anything.
(＝It
was
such
a
hot
day
that
nobody
wanted
to
do
anything.)
天气如此热，谁也不想干活。
③There
were
so
many
cars
in
the
street
that
I
couldn't
get
through.
路上的车很多以至于我过不去。
④There
was
so_little
water
left
that
only
little
children
were
given
some.
剩下的水不多了，只给小孩分了一些。
⑤So
fast
is_the_city
developing
that
you
can
never
imagine
what
it
will
be
like
tomorrow.
现在城市发展得如此之快，你永远想象不到它明天会是什么样子。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．It
is
so
cold
________
you
can't
go
outside
unless
fully
covered
in
thick
clothes.
答案：that 考查so...that...句式，意为“如此……以致于……”。
2．You'd
better
write
down
her
phone
number
________
you
forget
it.
答案：before 考查连词。结合语意可知，此处表示“在……之前”，故填before。
3．________
is
bad
manners
to
leave
your
food
on
the
plate
in
some
countries.
答案：It 考查it作形式主语的用法。句意：在一些国家，把你的食物剩在盘子里是不礼貌的。
4．So
loudly
________
he
speak
that
even
the
people
in
the
next
room
could
hear
him.
答案：did 考查“so＋adj./adv.”放句首，句子应使用部分倒装结构。句意：他说话声音那么大，以致于隔壁房间都能听得到。
5．Can
you
believe
that
________
little
animals
should
eat
________
much
food
at
a
time
答案：such;
so 考查such和so的用法。第一空后的little意为“小”，且修饰复数名词，故应用such；第二空后的much意为“多”，故填so。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________
you,
I
will
have
left
the
country.
你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这个国家了。
答案：By
the
time
this
letter
reaches
2．It
is
a
long
time
since
they
separated,
but
________________
they
meet
again.
他们分别很长时间了，但过不了多久他们就会再次见面了。
答案：it
won't
be
long
before
3．With
science
and
technology
developing
quickly,
the
computer
can
be
applied
to
________________
we
can't
go
without
it.
随着科技的迅速发展，计算机被运用到如此多的领域以至于我们不能没有它。
答案：so
many
fields
that
现在完成时的被动语态
结构
肯定式
主语＋have/has
been
done...
否定式
主语＋have/has
not
been
done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been
done...？
特殊疑问式
特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been
done...？
用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
Jack's
boss
has
always
praised
him
for
his
devotion
to
work.
→Jack
has
always
been
praised
by
his
boss
for
his
devotion
to
work.
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。
They
have
built
many
houses
in
the
village
in
the
past
few
years.
→Many
houses
have
been
built
in
the
village
in
the
past
few
years.
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句改错
1．A
personal
computer
has
bought
by
us.
________________________________________________________答案：has后加been
2．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Every
day
he
makes
sure
that
fresh
vegetables
and
high
quality
oil
are
using
for
cooking.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：using→used
3．These
patients
have
been
taken
good
care
since
they
moved
to
the
hospital.
________________________________________________________
答案：care后加of
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1．Shakespeare's
play
Hamlet
________
(make)
into
at
least
ten
different
films
over
the
past
years.
答案：has
been
made 由题干中的over
the
past
years可知，此处应用现在完成时，且make与Hamlet之间为被动关系，故填现在完成时的被动语态。
2．Up
to
now,
thousands
of
red
phone
boxes,
the
old
image
of
Britain,
________
(remove)
due
to
mobile
phones.
答案：have
been
removed 根据up
to
now可知，该句应用现在完成时，且remove与red
phone
boxes之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·唐山摸底]All
my
life
I
had
wanted
a
dog.
I
had
two
cats
that
I
adored
like
children,
but
I
still
wanted
the
company
of
a
dog.
Then
unfortunately
I
lost
my
cats.
Soon
came
another
shock
that
my
husband
left
me
forever
because
of
lung
cancer.
I
felt
I
had
just
lost
everything
that
ever
mattered
to
me.
I
voiced
these
feelings
to
a
friend,
who
took
me
to
a
pet
store.
The
store
was
holding
an
adoption
day
with
shelters.
I
looked
at
and
held
several
puppies
(小狗),
wondering
which
to
choose.
Then
I
met
Maggie.
She
looked
at
me
with
the
saddest
eyes
I
had
ever
seen,
then
laid
her
head
on
my
shoulder
and
slept.
I
immediately
decided
to
save
her!
Maggie
adjusted
well.
I,
however,
was
still
adjusting.
One
night,
thoughts
of
losing
everything
rushed
through
my
head
again.
So
depressed
was
I
that
I
felt
the
only
solution
was
to
end
my
life.
With
a
bottle
of
medicine
in
one
hand
and
Maggie
on
my
lap,
I
took
the
pills.
Through
my
tear－filled
eyes
I
looked
down
at
Maggie
to
tell
her
I
was
sorry.
The
look
on
her
face
I
will
never
be
able
to
explain.
It's
as
if
her
eyes
said,
“Don't
leave
me;
I
need
you
just
as
you
needed
me.”
It
was
then
that
I
ran
to
the
bathroom
to
vomit_up
the
pills.
The
rest
of
the
night
I
sat
on
the
couch
holding
Maggie
and
thanking
her
for
saving
me.
Since
that
night
I
have
had
a
love
for
her
that
I
never
knew
possible.
She
never
leaves
my
side
when
I
am
at
home.
She
has
taught
me
to
smile
and
laugh.
Together
with
Maggie,
I
feel
I
can
get
through
anything.
篇章导读：本文讲述的是作者失去自己的猫后，又经历了丈夫去世的打击，使作者感情无法排解。在朋友的带领下作者在一家宠物店领养了一只小狗，在经历一件事故后，作者与小狗的感情有了进一步的加深。
1．The
author
got
Maggie
from
________.
A．a
friend
B．
her
husband
C．a
pet
store
D．
an
adoption
center
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“I
voiced
these
feelings
to
a
friend,
who
took
me
to
a
pet
store.”可知，作者从宠物店得到这只小狗。
2．The
underlined
phrase
“vomit
up”
can
be
replaced
by
________.
A．throw
up
B．
take
up
C．pick
up
D．
break
up
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据短语所在的句子中的“I
ran
to
the
bathroom”以及“the
pills”，并结合上文讲述的小狗的神情可知，作者吐掉了药。
3．Why
did
the
author
feel
depressed
A．Because
her
husband
had
taken
her
cats
away.
B．Because
she
had
lost
everything
important
to
her.
C．Because
she
couldn't
adjust
to
living
with
Maggie.
D．Because
she
couldn't
find
any
solution
to
her
problem.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段三、四、五句“Then
unfortunately
I
lost
my
cats.
Soon
came
another
shock
that
my
husband
left
me
forever...lost
everything
that
ever
mattered
to
me.”可知，应选B。
4．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text
A．My
Favourite
Pet
Dog.
B．
Love
for
Life.
C．What
Is
love
D．
Who
Saved
who
答案：D 主旨大意题。根据故事讲述的过程，“作者在宠物店领养小狗以及作者自杀时小狗‘救’了作者”可以确定答案是D。
1．adore
v.
深爱；爱慕
2.unfortunately
adv.
不幸地
3．adoption
n.
收养
4.adjust
v.
调整；使适应
5．explain
v.
解释；说明
1．because
of
由于；因为
2．get
through
度过；熬过；完成
B
[2017·衡水模拟]The
world's
biggest
learning
technology
show
has
opened
in
London,
with
Education
Secretary
Michael
Gove
promising
a
more
ambitious
computer
science
curriculum
(课程)
in
schools
in
England.
He
says
pupils
as
young
as
five
will
learn
to
code
and
program,
but
many
children
already
do.
Amy
Mather's
first
taste
of
coding
was
at
a
science
festival
when
she
was
11.
Now
14,
she
designs
games,
writes
her
own
software
and
was
named
the
European
Digital
Girl
of
the
Year
in
2013.
“Everyone
has
ideas
how
to
make
our
lives
easier.”
she
says.
“Coding
gives
you
the
power
to
do
that.
The
sky's
the
limit.”
The
young
coder
who
cashed_in
was
Nick
D'Aloisio,
from
London,
made
his
fortune
when
he
sold
an
app
he
created
when
he
was
15.
Callum
Easton,
14,
was
at
the
London
show
with
a
group
from
his
school
in
Portland,
Dorset.
His
father,
an
engineer,
gave
him
his
first
taste
of
coding
when
he
was
barely
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
Someone
very
aware
of
the
growing
interest
in
coding
among
teenagers
is
Steven
Flower.
He
set
up
a
group
for
young
coders
in
Manchester
in
2009.
About
eight
turned
up，
all
of
them
are
boys.
Now
he's
expecting
150
teenagers
next
month
at
his
Manchester
Coder
Dojo.
It
will
be
a
full
house,
and
it
is
free.
Many
bring
their
own
laptop,
or
their
Raspberry
Pi－a
relatively
simple
computer
for
coding.
And
the
parents
who
used
to
drop
off
their
kids
and
come
back
later,
now
often
stay
to
see
what
is
going
on.
“The
average
age
is
about
10
and
a
half,
but
we
have
six－year－olds
coming
along，”
he
says.
Plenty
of
those
who
turn
up
are
girls,
but
they
are
still
outnumbered
by
boys
by
a
rate
of
60∶40.
“Coding
gets
more
attention
now
because
it's
cooler.”Steven
says.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文中报道了越来越多的青少年开始学习电脑编程。
5．What's
Amy
Mather's
opinion
about
coding
A．Complex.
B．
Boring.
C．Promising.
D．
Useless.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段Amy所说的话“Coding
gives
you
the
power
to
do
that.
The
sky's
the
limit.”可推断，艾米·马瑟认为编程很有前途。故答案为C。
6．What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“cashed
in”
most
probably
mean
A．Joined.
B．
Earned
money.
C．Failed.
D．
Raised
money.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据此短语后面的内容“from
London,
made
his
fortune
when
he
sold
an
app
he
created
when
he
was
15”可知，此短语应该是“赚钱”的意思。因此答案为B。
7．What
can
we
infer
from
the
text
A．More
girls
than
boys
are
learning
to
code.
B．Learning
to
code
in
Coder
Dojo
is
charged.
C．Boys
are
better
at
coding
than
girls.
D．Callum
Easton
was
influenced
by
his
father.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“His
father,
an
engineer,
gave
him
his
first
taste
of
coding
when
he
was
barely
old
enough
to
go
to
school.”可判断，卡勒姆·伊斯顿受其父亲影响。故答案为D。
8．What's
the
best
title
of
the
text
A．Teenage
Computer
Coders
on
the
Rise
B．The
Biggest
Learning
Technology
Show
C．Young
Coders
Center
in
Manchester
D．Computer
Science
Curriculum
in
Schools
答案：A 主旨大意题。通读整篇文章可知，文章讲述了越来越多的青少年学习电脑编程。故答案为A。
1．ambitious
adj.
有野心的；有雄心的
2．code
v.
为……编码；编程序
3．aware
adj.
意识到的
4.average
adj.
平均的
5．outnumber
vt.
(在数量上)压倒；比……多
1．make
one's
fortune
发财
2．turn
up
出现；露面；调高/大
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2017·石家庄摸底]
Five
Things
Ambitious
People
Never
Say
◆“I
can't
do
this—it's
too
hard.”
Ambitious
people
never
limit
themselves
or
undervalue
hard
work
with
these
words.
__1__
◆“I'm
not
good
enough.”
Ambitious
people
never
say
they
are
not
good
enough.
Saying
you
are
not
good
enough
holds
you
back
and
makes
you
easy
to
quit
when
things
get
a
little
rough.
And
quitting
when
things
get
a
little
rough
is
never
a
good
thing.
The
most
successful
people
in
the
world
are
not
quitters.
__2__
Be
confident
and
believe
in
yourself,
or
no
one
else
will.
◆“I
won't
make
it
through
the
obstacles.”
Challenges
and
obstacles
are
tests
of
your
resolve
and
desire
to
succeed.
__3__
They
say
they
will
make
it
because
they
know
better
things
lie
ahead－the
sun
always
shines
after
the
storm.
◆__4__
The
only
time
people
won't
take
you
seriously
is
if
you
don't
take
yourself
seriously.
Insisting
that
people
won't
take
you
seriously
is
an
excuse
not
to
do
what
you
know
you
should
do.
Ambitious
people
never
say
these
words.
Start
respecting
yourself
and
honoring
what
you
do
and
people
will
respect
and
take
you
seriously.
◆“I'm
going
to
fail
for
sure.”
__5__
It
can
teach
you
valuable
lessons
and
redirect
you
to
the
right
path.
Ambitious
people
don't
say
they
are
going
to
fail
and
let
that
stop
them
from
trying.
They
challenge
the
fear
of
failure
by
taking
calculated
risks
because
they
know
the
only
time
you
are
truly
defeated
is
when
you
don't
try
at
all.
A．“People
won't
take
me
seriously.”
B．“People
think
me
impossible.”
C．Ambitious
people
say
they
can
do
everything
well.
D．Ambitious
people
never
say
they
won't
make
it
through
the
hard
times.
E．They
are
hard
workers
who
believe
in
themselves
and
their
abilities.
F．Failure
is
not
entirely
bad.
G．They
tell
themselves
they
can
do
it.
篇章导读：本文为说明文，讲述了五句有雄心的人杜绝说的话。
1．G 根据主题“I
can't
do
this－it's
too
hard.”可以确定答案为G。
2．E 根据下文“Be
confident
and
believe
in
yourself,
or
no
one
else
will.”可知，E项符合语境。
3．D 根据主题“I
won't
make
it
through
the
obstacles.”可知，D项符合语境。
4．A 根据下文讲述的主要内容“take
yourself
seriously”可知，A为答案。
5．F 根据主题“I'm
going
to
fail
for
sure.”以及下文讲述的内容可知，F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时10′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2017·安徽省质量检测]More
than
half
of
all
Chinese
have
a
smartphone.
They
reach
for
it
the
moment
they
wake
up,
keeping
it
in
hand
all
day.
At
__1__
(party),
more
people
are
on
their
smartphones
than
on
their
drinks.
In
addition,
too
many
people
are
using
smartphones
while
__2__
(drive).
And
as
a
result,
many
car
accidents
happen
every
day
on
the
road.
Drivers
confirm
that
text
messaging
is
their
number
one
driving
interruption.
Smartphones
are
unbelievably
becoming
more
important
than
the
lives
of
__3__
(them)
and
others.
As
many
people
take
risks
just
__4__
(send)a
text
or
check
their
messages,
smartphones
are
__5__
many
ways
very
dangerous
to
people.
The
smartphone
__6__
(affect)
our
desire
to
communicate
face
to
face
with
others.
Besides,
it
is
lowering
people's
competence
to
communicate.
In
many
cases,
some
people
check
or
send
text
messages
in
the
presence
of
a
friend,
__7__
means
that
the
person
they
are
texting
is
more
important.
Most
__8__
(serious),
relying
on
smartphones
to
make
friends
does
not
give
us
__9__
same
advantage
as
making
new
friends
in
the
real
world.
Face－to－face
conversations
will
give
us
much
__10__
(strong)
communication
skills
in
the
long
run.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文讲述的是智能手机的负面影响，开车时使用手机导致车祸事故频发；手机还影响着面对面的交流，文章最后还提出手机交友不如现实生活中的交友。
1．parties 考查名词的复数。句意：在聚会上，越来越多的人玩手机。
2．driving 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，很多人在开车时使用手机。
3．themselves 考查反身代词。句意：难以置信地，手机比他们自己的和他人的生命还要重要。
4．to
send 考查固定搭配。take
risks
to
do
“冒险做某事”。
5．in 考查介词。in
many
ways“在许多方面”。
6．is
affecting 考查动词的时态。句意：手机影响着我们面对面交流的愿望。根据句意可知，此处为现在进行时。
7．which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在许多情况下，一些人会在朋友面前查看或发送短信，这就意味着他们发短信的人更重要。which代指前面提到的内容。
8．seriously 考查副词。句意：最严重的是，依靠手机交友不会带给我们像在现实生活中交新朋友一样的优势。
9．the 考查冠词。the
same...“相同的”。
10．stronger 考查形容词的比较级。根据much可知，后面用形容词的比较级。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
[2017·安徽联考]随着信息技术的发展，电子书越来越受欢迎。有人认为电子书会取代传统图书。请你以Will
E－books
Replace
Traditional
Books？为题，分析他们的理由并谈谈你自己的看法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．标题和开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Will
E－books
Replace
Traditional
Books
With
the
rapid
development
of
information
technology,
e－books
have
become
more
and
more
popular
among
the
young
generation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[标准范文]
Will
E－books
Replace
Traditional
Books
With_the_rapid_development_of_information_technology,_e－books_have_become_more_and_more_popular_among_the_young_generation.
However,
there
has
been
an
increasing
controversy
over
the
question
of
whether
they
will
replace
traditional
books
or
not.
Many
people
believe
that
it
won't
take
long
for
e－books
to
replace
traditional
books
because
they
have
quite
a
few
advantages
over
traditional
ones.
First,
e－books
are
more
accessible
to
readers—One
can
just
log
onto
the
Internet
and
read
online.
Second,
the
cost
of
e－books
is
much
lower,
saving
readers
much
more
money.
Last
but
not
least,
reading
e－books
has
developed
into
part
of
our
daily
life,
which
is
particularly
appealing
to
young
users,
who
are
the
body
part
of
the
users
of
electronic
products.
As
for
me,
it's
not
likely
for
e－books
to
replace
traditional
books
for
lots
of
reasons.
For
example,
long
time
of
reading
e－books
will
do
more
harm
to
our
eyes.
Besides,
many
readers
will
find
themselves
more
accessible
to
printed
materials
because
computers
and
the
Internet
haven't
yet
been
popularized
to
every
corner
of
our
life.话题素材——体育运动
好词
1.swift
adj.
迅速的；敏捷的
2.applaud
v.
鼓掌欢迎；热情称赞
3.volunteer
n.
志愿者
4.champion
n.
冠军
5.cheer
v.
欢呼；喝彩
6.take
an
active
part
in
积极参加
7.break_the_record
打破纪录
8.compete_with_sb._in_sth.
和某人在……竞争
9.a
close
game
势均力敌的比赛
10.stand_for
代表；主张
11.on
a
regular
basis
定期地
12.strengthen
friendship
增进友谊
13.build_up_one's_body
强身健体
14.go
all
out
to
do...
全力以赴做……
15.be_beneficial_to
对……有益
佳句
1.The
most
important
thing
in
the
games
is
not
to
win
but
to
participate.
比赛中重在参与而不是取胜。
2.As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_running
is
not_only
a
good
way
to
build
up
our
strength
but_also
help
us
relax
and
relieve_the_pressure
of
learning.
就我个人而言，跑步不仅是强身健体的好方法而且有助于我们放松，缓解学习压力。
3.I
owe_my_victory_to
my
coach's
patient
instructions
and
the
support
from
my
family
and
friends.
我的胜利应归功于教练耐心地指导以及朋友和家人的支持。
4.The
five
rings
in
the
Olympic
flag
stand_for
the
five
continents
on
the
earth,
which_means
any
country
can_take_part_in
the
Olympic
Games.
奥运五环旗中的五环代表地球上的五大洲，这意味着任何国家都可以参加奥运会。
[精美语篇]
The
Olympic
Games,
first
held
in
776
BC,
has
a
history
of
more
than
one
thousand
years.
The
modern
Games
is
held
every
four
years.
Many
countries
try
their
best
to
bid
for
hosting
the
Olympic
Games.
And
every
country
does
its
best
to
get
more
medals
in
the
Games.
There
are
five
rings
on
the
Olympic
flag,
which
are
considered
to
symbolize
the
five
continents:
Europe,
Asia,
Africa,
Oceania
and
America,
the
Olympic
motto
is
“swifter,
higher,
stronger.”
The
Games
can
promote
the
understanding
and
friendship
among
different
peoples
and
different
nations.
高频单词
1．ancient
(adj.)
古代的；古老的
2．compete
(vi.)
比赛；竞争→competition
(n.)
竞争→competitive
(adj.)
竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor
(n.)
竞争者
3．Greece
(n.)希腊→Greek
(adj.)希腊(人)的；希腊语的
(n.)
希腊人；希腊语4．magical
(adj.)巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的→magic
(n.)
魔术；法术；巫术
5．volunteer
(n.)
志愿者；志愿兵
(adj.)
志愿的；义务的
(vt.&
vi.)
自愿
→voluntary(adj.)
6．regular
(adj.)
规则的；定期的；常规的→regulation
(n.)
规则；规章制度
7．basis
(n.)
基础；根据→bases
(pl.)
基础；根据→basic
(adj.)
基本的；基础的
8．admit
(vt.
&
vi.)
容许；承认；接纳→admission
(n.)
准入；准许→admitted
(过去式/过去分词)
9．slave
(n.)
奴隶→slavery
(n.)
奴隶制
10．host
(vt.)
做东；主办；招待
(n.)
主人
11．responsibility
(n.)
责任；职责→responsible
(adj.)
有责任心的
12．replace
(vt.)
取代；替换；代替
13．swift
(adj.)
快的；迅速的
14．charge
(vt.
&
vi.)
收费；控诉
(n.)
费用；主管
15．physical
(adj.)
物理的；身体的→physics
物理学
16．advertise
(vt.
&
vi.)
做广告；登广告→advertiser
(n.)
广告商→advertisement
(n.)
广告
17．bargain
(vi.)
讨价还价；讲条件
(n.)
便宜货
18．hopeless
(adj.)
没有希望的；绝望的→hopeful
(adj.)
有希望的
19．foolish
(adj.)
愚蠢的；傻的→fool
(vt.)
愚弄；欺骗
20．pain
(n.)
疼痛；痛苦→painful
(adj.)
令人痛苦的
21．deserve
(vi.
&
vt.)
应受(报答或惩罚)；值得
重点短语
1．in_charge 主管；看管
2．on_purpose
故意地；蓄意地
3．make_a_bargain_with_sb.
与某人达成协议；与某人讨价还价
4．pick_up
拾起；接收；搭车；恢复；好转；(偶然)学会
5．work_out
计算出；理解；解决；锻炼
6．one_after_another
陆续地；一个接一个地
7．compete_in
参加(比赛，竞赛)
8．take_part_in
参加；参与
9．stand_for
代表；象征；表示
10．as_well
也；又；还
11．apart_from
除……之外
热点句型
1．nor放于句首的倒装句
No
other
countries
could
join
in,
nor_could_slaves_or_women
(奴隶和妇女也不能参加)！(教材P10)
2．not
only...but
(also)．..“不仅……而且……”
Women
are
not_only_allowed
(不但被允许)，but_play_a_very_
important_role_in(而且在……中发挥重要作用)gymnastics,
athletics,
team
sports
and...(教材P10)
3．as
much＋不可数名词＋as...“和……(在程度上)是一样的”
There's
as_much_competition
among
countries
to
host
the
Olympics
as_to_win_Olympic_medals
(跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈)．(教材P10)
4．the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)“越……就越……”
This
is
important
because
the_more_you_speak_English,_
the_
better_your_English_will_become
(你说英语越多，你的英语就越好)．(教材P16)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I
lived
in
________
you
call
“Ancient
Greece”
and
I
used
to
write
about
the
Olympic
Games
a
long
time
ago.
答案：what
2．If
you
are
discovered,
you
will
________
(fine)．
答案：be
fined
3．It's
a
great
________
(responsible)
but
also
a
great
honour
to
be
chosen.
答案：responsibility
4．Pausanias,
who
was
a
________
(Greece)
writer
about
2,000
years
ago,
has
come
on
a
________
(magic)
journey
on
March
18th,
2007
to
find
out
about
the
present－day
Olympic
Games.
答案：Greek;
magical
5．It's
in
the
Summer
Olympics
________
you
have
the
running
races,
together
________
swimming,
sailing
and...
答案：that;
with
6．________
a
matter
of
fact,
every
country
wants
the
opportunity.
答案：As
7．Only
athletes
________
have
reached
the
agreed
standard
for
their
event
will
be
admitted
________
competitors.
答案：who;
as
8．She
was
not
allowed
________
(run)
and
win
glory
for
herself
in
the
Olympic
Games.
答案：to
run
9．She
was
________
angry
that
she
said
to
her
father
that
she
would
not
marry
anyone
________
could
not
run
faster
than
her.
答案：so;
who
10．There
was
a
man
________(call)
Hippomenes
who
was
amazed
when
he
heard
of
Atalanta's
rules.
答案：called
1 compete vi.比赛；竞争
How
many
countries
competed
in
the
ancient
Olympic
Games？(P9)
有多少国家参加了古代奥运会？
归纳拓展
(1)compete
in参加……比赛/竞争
compete
for为……而竞争
compete
against/with
sb.
for
sth.与某人竞争某物
(2)competition
n．比赛；竞争
competitor
n．比赛者；对手
competitive
adj.有竞争力的；竞争性的
名师点睛
compete多用作不及物动词，必须跟适当的介词才能跟宾语。表示与某人比赛用with或against；表示比赛的目的用for；表示比赛参与的项目时用in。
语境助记
①Like
many
young
athletes,
she
had
Olympic
dreams,
but
a
serious
illness
kept
her
from
competing_in
the
Games.
和其他的年轻运动员一样，她也有奥运梦想，但严重的疾病使她无法参加奥运会比赛。
②Life
is
like
a
long
race
where
we
compete_with
others
to
go
beyond
ourselves.
人生就像长跑比赛，在这场比赛中我们常常在与他人的竞争过程中来超越自己。
③Young
children
will
usually
compete_for
their
mothers'
attention.
小孩通常都会在母亲面前争宠。④Nobody
can
entirely
keep
away
from
this
competitive
world.
没有人能够完全远离这个充满竞争的社会。
⑤[牛津高阶]There
is
now
intense
competition
between
schools
to
attract
students.
现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争。
2 admit vt.&
vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳
Only
athletes
who
have
reached
the
agreed
standard
for
their
event
will
be
admitted
as
competitors.(P10)
只有比赛项目达标的运动员才有资格成为参赛者。
归纳拓展
(1)admit＋n./doing/having
done/that从句 承认某事/(已经)做了某事
admit
to
sb.
that
向某人承认
admit
sb./sth.
to_be...承认某人/物是……
be
admitted
as作为……被接受
be
admitted
to/into获准进入/加入It
is
admitted
that...人们公认……
(2)admission
n．进入；许可；入场券；承认，坦白
语境助记
①He
was
admitted_as
a
member
of
the
baseball
team.
他被接受成为棒球队的一名队员。
②It
is_admitted_that
reading
is
mostly
a
personal
activities
which
needs
quietness
and
concentration.
人们公认，读书在很大程度上是一个私人活动，它需要安静和专心。
③The
exams
are
likely
to
work
out
as
expected
and
my
dream
to_be_admitted_into
my
favorite
university
will
come
true.
考试结果很可能如我所料，我被我最喜欢的大学录取的梦想将会实现。
④When
the
police
questioned
him,
George
admitted
having_stolen
the
car.
当警察审讯他时，乔治承认他偷了那辆车。
⑤[牛津高阶]She
failed
to
gain
admission_to
the
university
of
her
choice.
她未被自己选择的大学录取。
⑥I
couldn't
admit_to
my
parents
that
I
was
finding
the
course
difficult.
我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。
图解助记
3 replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
So
even
the
olive
wreath
has
been
replaced！(P10)
就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！
归纳拓展
replace
sth.
with/by
sth.用……替换……
take
the
place
of＝take_one's_place代替
in
place
of
代替
replacement
n.
替换；更换；接替者
语境助记
①It
is
generally
believed
that
teachers
will
never
be
replaced_by
computers
in
class.
人们普遍认为在课堂上老师永远不会被电脑取代。
②[牛津高阶]It's
not
a
good
idea
to
miss
meals
and
replace
them
with
snacks.
不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。
③The
glass
doors
have_taken_the_place_of
the
wooden
ones
at
the
entrance.
玻璃门已经取代了入口处的木门。
④He
was
unable
to
come
to
the
ceremony,
but
he
sent
his
son
to
accept
the
award
in_place_of
him.
他不能亲自来参加仪式，但派了他儿子前来代他领奖。
4 charge n．费用；主管 vt.&
vi.收费；控诉；充电
...duty
to
be
in
charge
and
get
in
trouble
if
things
go
wrong.(P12)
所负担的责任以及事情出错后会陷入的麻烦。
归纳拓展
(1)charge
sb.
for
sth.为某物向某人收费
charge
sb.
with
sth.指控某人某事
(2)in
charge
of主管；看管；负责
in
the
charge
of...在……掌管之下
take
charge
of负责；掌管
free
of
charge免费
名师点睛
1 in
charge
of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责 主管 某事”；in
the
charge
of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有in
the
possession
of和in
possession
of，
in
control
of和in
the
control
of等。
2 charge和accuse都有“指控，控告”之意，但是charge常与介词with搭配，而accuse常与介词of搭配。
语境助记
①He
was_in_charge_of/took_charge_of
the
company
while
the
boss
was
absent.
当老板不在时，他负责整个公司。
②[牛津高阶]As
long
as
you've
paid
in
advance,
we
won't
charge_you_for
delivery.
只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。
③Bob
was_charged_with
the
murder,
but
he
refused
to
admit
it.
鲍勃因一起谋杀案被指控，但他没有承认。
④We
can
deliver
goods
to
your
door
free_of_charge.
我们可以免费送货上门。
5 bargain vi.&
vt.讨价还价；讲条件 n．便宜货
Her
father
said
that
she
must
marry,
so
Atalanta
made
a
bargain
with
him.(P14)
父亲说她必须结婚，于是阿塔兰忒就和父亲达成了一个协议。
归纳拓展
(1)bargain
with
sb.
about/over/for
sth.和某人就某事讨价还价
(2)make
a
bargain
with
sb.和某人达成协议
(3)a
good/bad
bargain买得(不)合算
It's_a_real_bargain.
这可真是个便宜货。
名师点睛
语境助记
①They
were_bargaining_with
each
other
about/over
the
price
of
coffee.
他们在为咖啡的价格进行商议。
②Father
made_a_bargain_with
the
real
estate
agent
when
we
bought
our
new
house.
当我们买新房时，父亲与那个房地产经纪人达成了协议。
③In
my
opinion,
the
car
was
a
bargain
at
that
price.
依我来看，那辆车的价格真便宜。
图解助记
6 deserve vi.
&
vt.值得；应当(受到)
Do
you
think
Hippomenes
deserved
to
win
the
race？(P15)
你认为希波墨涅斯应该(算)赢得比赛吗？
归纳拓展
(1)deserve_sth.
值得；应受
(2)deserve
to_do应该做某事
(3)deserve
doing/to
be
done应受；值得
(4)deserving
adj.值得的；应得的
名师点睛
deserve后接名词或doing
sth.，常用主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动语态，该用法与want，
need，
require的类似用法相同。
语境助记
①She
worked
day
and
night
and
now
she
deserves_a_good_rest.
她日夜工作，现在她应该得到很好的休息。
②He
deserves_to_lose
in
the
competition
because
he
cheated.
他活该输掉比赛，因为他作弊了。
③No
matter
how
ordinary
a
job
is,
it
plays
a
part
in
society
and
therefore
deserves_our_respect.
无论一个工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着一份作用，所以值得我们的尊重。
④It
is
those
who
are
willing
to
give
rather
than
receive
that
deserve
respecting/to_be_respected.
正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才值得尊敬。
⑤The
man
donates
money
to
a
deserving
cause
every
year.
这个男人每年都要捐钱给一个值得赞助的事业。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．—Did
Jack
admit
________(take)
some
books
without
telling
anybody
—Yes,
he
did.
He
said
he
took
three
books.
答案：having
taken 考查固定搭配。admit
having
done
sth.“承认做过某事”。
2．We
attended
a
dinner
party
________
(host)
by
the
president
of
the
company.
答案：hosted 考查非谓语动词作后置定语。host与a
dinner
party之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式hosted。
3．The
boy
wrote
“I
have
visited
here”
on
the
wall
of
a
famous
old
temple.
He
deserves
________
(punish)
for
his
such
bad
behavior.
答案：to
be
punished/punishing/punishment 考查动词deserve的用法。deserve后接名词或动词 ing形式或接动词不定式的被动语态，表示被动意义。
4．She
was
married
________
a
young
engineer
in
June.
答案：to 考查固定搭配。be/get
married
to
sb.“和某人结婚”。
5．It
has
helped
me
become
stronger,
both
mentally
and
________
(physical)．
答案：physically 考查副词。physically与mentally是并列关系，因此形式应该一致。
6．Our
new
apartment
________
(advertise)
in
tomorrow's
morning
paper,
and
I
do
hope
that
it
will
appeal
to
you.
答案：will
be
advertised 考查动词的时态和语态。根据tomorrow's
morning
paper可知，应用将来时，又因为主语与advertise之间为被动关系，故填will
be
advertised。
7．It
was
________
(fool)
of
you
to
refer
to
your
notes
in
such
an
important
test.
As
a
result,
you
got
punished.
答案：foolish 考查词性转换。此处应填形容词作表语。
8．She
worked
out
________
(regular)
at
the
gym,
lunched
with
friends,
and
enjoyed
her
time
with
her
son.
答案：regularly 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语work
out，故用副词。
9．We
are
sorry
to
tell
you
that
we
don't
allow
________
(park)
here.
答案：parking 考查固定搭配。allow
doing
sth.意为“允许做某事”。
10．We'll
ensure
your
safety
but
you
also
need
to
take
________
(responsible)
for
your
actions.
答案：responsibility 考查词性转换。take
responsibility
“承担责任”。
1 take
part
in
参加；参与
Who
could
not
take
part
in
the
ancient
Olympic
Games？(P9)
谁不能参加古代奥运会？归纳拓展
take
part
in＝join
in
参加
take
an
active
part
in积极参加……
play
a
part
in
在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
名师点睛
1 take
part
in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词。
2 在使用take
part
in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
语境助记
①Take_part_in
eco－travel
and
you
will
find
it
will
help
you
understand
the
importance
of
nature.
参加生态旅游，你就会发现这项活动有助于你理解自然的重要性。
②It
goes
without
saying
that
taking_an_active_part_in_social_
activities
can
broaden
our
horizons.
不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的视野。
③China
is
playing_a_more_important_part_in
the
international
affairs.
中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。
④[一言辨异]My
brother
attended
a
law
school
after
he
left
middle
school.
Yesterday
he
took_part_in
the
meeting
held
in
his
class.
He
joined_in
the
discussion
whether
they
would
join
a
theater
club.
At
last,
most
students
signed
up
for
it,
including
my
brother.
我的哥哥中学毕业后上了一所法律学校。昨天，他参加了一场在他们班举行的会议。他参与讨论了是否他们应该参加一个戏剧俱乐部。最后，许多学生报名参加了，也包括我的哥哥。
2 used
to
过去常常；过去曾经(后接动词原形)
I
used
to
write
about
the
Olympic
Games
a
long
time
ago.
(P9)
很久以前，我常常写一些关于奥运会的情况。
归纳拓展
(1)否定形式：used
not
to＋动词原形＝usedn't
to＋动词原形
did
not
use
to＋动词原形＝didn't
use
to＋动词原形
(2)疑问形式：used＋主语＋to＋动词原形＝did＋主语＋use＋to＋动词原形
(3)There
used
to
be...过去曾经有……；过去曾存在……
(4)be
used
to_do
sth.
被用来做……
be
used
to
doing
sth.
习惯于……
语境助记
①I
used_to
smoke,
but
I
gave
up
a
couple
of
years
ago.
我以前吸烟，但几年前就戒掉了。
②[牛津高阶]We
are/get_used_to
the
noise
from
the
traffic
now.
现在我们已经适应车辆往来的噪音了。
③I'm
not
used
to
eating_so_much
at
lunchtime.
我不习惯午饭吃那么多。
3 as
well
也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用)
For
each
Olympics,
a
special
village
is
built
for
them
to
live
in,
a
main
reception
building,
several
stadiums
for
competitions,
and
a
gymnasium
as
well.(P10)
每届奥运会都要建一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住宿，一个主接待楼、几个比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。
归纳拓展
(1)as
well
as用作连词，连接两个相同成分，如：名词、形容词、动词、介词等，通常不位于句首。此时as
well
as强调的重点在前面，意为“不但……而且……；既……又……；除了……之外，还有……”。
(2)as
well
as作介词，相当于besides,_in_addition_to，意为“除……之外，还……”，后面通常接名词或动词 ing形式。
(3)当主语含有as
well
as时，谓语动词须和as
well
as前面的主语在数上保持一致。
(4)may/might
as
well表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议，意思是“我们不妨……；我们还是……吧”。
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]New
experiences
often
mean
taking
some
risks,
so
your
brain
raises
your
tolerance
for
risk
as_well.
新经历经常意味着冒一些风险，这样你的大脑也就提高了风险承受的能力。
②[2016·江苏高考]She
intends
to
fight
to
make
it
a
woman's
as_well_as
a
man's
world.
她打算为使这个世界不仅属于男性，也属于女性而奋斗。
③She
can
sing;
she
can
play
the
piano
as_well.
她会唱歌，她也会弹钢琴。
④Future
agriculture
should
depend
on
high
technology
as_well_as
traditional
methods.
未来的农业应依靠传统方式，也要靠高科技。
⑤The
weather
is
so
bad
that
we
may/might_as_well
stay
at
home.
天气太糟了，我们倒不如待在家里。
易混辨析
as
well
用于肯定句，只用于句尾
also
用于肯定句，常用于句中(动词前面或系动词be后面)
too
用于肯定句，通常用在句尾，前面常有逗号，也可用在句中，前后都有逗号
either
用于否定句，常用于语句末
⑥用as
well,
also,
too和either填空
a．Not
only
I
like
this
movie,
but
my
mother
likes
it
as_well.
b．The
researchers
also
looked
at
whether
the
teens
had
been
trying
to
lose
weight.
c．Once
united,
we
common
people
are
able
to
conquer
nature,
too.
d．He
did
not
even
say
anything
to
her,
and
she
did
not
speak
to
him
either.
过关演练
选词填空
stand
for；
in
the
charge
of；
apart
from；
play
an
important
role
in；
as
well；
one
after
another；
compete
for；
pick
up；
used
to；
bargain
with
1．She
________
the
storekeeper
for
the
skirt
when
I
first
caught
sight
of
her.答案：was
bargaining
with
2．Some
pupils
will
be
left
________
a
certain
teacher
especially
when
their
parents
are
working
over
time.
答案：in
the
charge
of
3．The
letters
WTO
________
World
Trade
Organization.
答案：stand
for
4．Even
the
students
who
________
dislike
English
have
turned
out
to
be
interested
in
the
subject.
答案：used
to
5．________
his
earnings
as
a
football
coach,
he
also
owns
and
runs
a
chain
of
sports
shops.
答案：Apart
from
6．The
moment
the
bell
rang,
students
came
out
of
the
classroom
________.
答案：one
after
another
7．Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
harmful
________.
答案：as
well
8．As
a
parent,
you
can
________helping
your
child
build
up
his
confidence.
答案：play
an
important
role
in
9．To
________
the
best
position,
more
and
more
people
equip
themselves
with
a
higher
education.
答案：compete
for
10．It
should
have
been
possible
to
________
signals
telling
us
more
about
the
moon
itself.
答案：pick
up
1 No
other
countries
could
join
in,
nor_could_slaves_or_
women!
(P10)
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
归纳拓展
(1)句型“nor/neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”。
(2)句型“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于肯定陈述句之后，表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或物。
(3)句型“so
it
is
(was)
with/it
is
(was)
the
same
with＋另一主语”既能表示肯定意义，又能表示否定意义，其主要用于以下情况：
①上文有两个分句；
②上文有两个(或两个以上)不同谓语；
③上文既有肯定也有否定。
(4)句型“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”中的主语
与前一句的主语通常是指同一个人或物，主语、谓语不需要倒装。这种句型表示说话者赞同前句所提到的情况或事实，其中的so作“不错；确实如此”讲。
(5)“主语＋do＋so”在上下文中用来避免重复，可译为“某人/物那样做了”。
语境助记
①Jane
won't
join
us
for
dinner
tonight
and
nor/neither_will_Tom.
简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。
②Frank
likes
to
keep
pets
and
so_does_his_wife.
弗兰克喜欢养宠物，他妻子也一样。
③Mary
was
born
in
Australia
and
she
lived
in
the
United
States.
So_it_was_with_Jane./It_was_the_same_with_Jane.
玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。
④—Putin
has
been
named
the
world's
most
powerful
person
by
Forbes
magazine
for
the
third
year
in
a
row.
—So_he_has.
——普京在连续三年中第三年被评为《福布斯》全球最具权力人物。
——确实是。
⑤He
asked
me
to
come
and
I_did_so.
他让我来，于是我就来了。
2 There's
as_much_competition
among
countries
to
host
the
Olympics
as
to
win
Olympic
medals.(P10)
国与国之间争取奥运会举办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
归纳拓展
(1)
as...as“像……那样；正如”。第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当as...as中间有名词时，应采用以下格式：
as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋as或as＋many/much＋n.(复数/不可数)＋as
(2)否定句式：not
as/so...as...意为“不如……”
(3)．..times
as＋adj./adv.
＋as...“是……的几倍”。表达倍数的词必须置于比较结构之前。(两倍时用twice)
语境助记
①Obviously,
the
boy
doesn't
work
as_hard_as
many
of
his
classmates.
显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。
②Getting
rid
of
a
bad
habit
is
as_much
a
struggle
as
forming
a
good
one.
摆脱坏习惯就像养成好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。
③She
has
as_sweet_a_voice_as
her
mother.
她有像她妈妈的一样甜美的声音。
④Petrol
is
three
times
as_expensive_as
it
was
a
few
years
ago
in
China.
在中国汽油比几年前贵了两倍。
3 This
is
important
because
the_more
you
speak
English,
the_better
your
English
will
become.(P16)
这是重要的，因为你讲英语越多，你的英语将越好。
归纳拓展
(1)“the＋比较级＋(主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级＋(主语＋谓语)”意为“越……就越……”。
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。
名师点睛
“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构有时可以转化为if条件从句，如：下面例①可改为：You
will
make
greater
progress
if
you
work
harder.
语境助记
①The_harder
you
work,
the
greater
progress
you
will
make.
你工作越努力，进步就越大。
②The_more_careful_you_are,_the
fewer
mistakes
you
will
make.
你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。
③The_higher
you
stand,
the_farther
you
will
see.
你站得越高就看得越远。
④More_and_more_cars
are
running
in
the
streets
today,
in
which
case,
more_and_more_waste_gas
will
be
released
into
the
air.
在今天越来越多的汽车在街上穿梭，在这种情况下，将会有越来越多的废气被排入空气中。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The
more
you
hurry,
the
________(little)
progress
you
are
likely
to
make.
答案：less 考查“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构。句意：欲速则不达。
2．Not
only
________
he
make
his
promise,
but
also
he
kept
it.
答案：did 考查“not
only...but
also...”结构。当not
only位于句首时，其后的分句要部分倒装。
3．[2016·江苏高考]When
another
person
helps
us
in
such
ways,
he
or
she
is
participating
in
________
I've
called
a
“social
prosthetic
(义肢的)
system”．
答案：what 考查宾语从句。分析结构可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故填what。
4．—I
like
to
surf
the
Internet
but
I
don't
like
to
watch
TV.
—________it
is
with
Jane.
答案：So 考查与上文情况相同的表达方式。因上文中有两种情况，故用So
it
is
with
sb.或It
is
the
same
with
sb.。
5．Last
year
John
earned
twice
________
much
as
his
brother
did,
who
has
a
better
position
in
a
bigger
company.
答案：as 考查倍数表达法“倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋……”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She
couldn't
speak
the
language,
_________________________
她不会说这种语言，也不会写这种语言。
答案：nor
could
she
write
in
it
2．He
didn't
collect
________________________he
needed
for
his
book.
他没有收集到写书所需要的那么多信息。
答案：as/so
much
information
as
3.
_______________he
thought
like
this,
_______________he
became.
他越是这样想，越是感到不开心。
答案：The
more；the
more
unhappy
一般将来时的被动语态
定义
一般将来时的被动语态表示在现在看来将来某一时刻或时段里即将要发生的被动动作。句中常有tomorrow,
soon,
next
year,
in
a
few
days,
in
the
future,
sometime等时间状语。
结构
(1)will/shall
be
done
If
you
park
your
car
here,
you
will
be
fined.
如果你将车停在这儿，你将被罚款。
(2)am/is/are
going
to
be
done表示计划、安排或打算被做
These
letters
are
going
to
be
typed
and
sent
off
very
soon.
这些信件将很快打好并发出。
(3)am/is/are
to
be
done表示注定要、一定会被做或计划、安排将要发生的被动动作
The
machines
are
to
be
repaired
tonight.
今晚一定会修理这些机器。
(4)am/is/are
about
to
be
done表示立即或马上就要发生的被动动作
The
polluted
water
is
about
to
be
cleaned.
被污染的水即将被净化。
(5)am/is/are
done用于状语从句中表示将来要发生或完成的被动动作
When
our
classroom
is
decorated,
it
will
be
more
beautiful.
当我们的教室被装修完毕时，它会更加漂亮。
(6)will/shall＋get
done
The
workers
will
get
paid
before
the
end
of
December.
这些工人将在12月底前拿到工资。
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．As
we
all
know,
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games
________
(hold)
in
Beijing,
which
is
the
capital
of
China.
答案：will
be
held 考查一般将来时的被动语态。
2．It
is
reported
that
a
space
station________(build)
on
the
moon
in
years
to
come.
答案：will
be
built 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据in
years
to
come可知用一般将来时，又因为a
space
station与build之间是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。
3．Unless
some
money
________
(find),
the
theatre
will
close.
答案：is
found 考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意该句中的主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，本题还要注意主谓一致。
4．The
suspect
is
about
________
(question)
by
the
police.
答案：to
be
questioned 考查be
about
to
be
done结构。be
about
to
do“即将做某事”，又因suspect与question之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
5．More
expressways________
(build)
in
Sichuan
soon
to
promote
the
local
economy.
答案：will
be
built 考查一般将来时的被动语态。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
[2017·石家庄联考]When
others
get
off
the
train
to
finally
go
home,
Leonie
Müller
stays
__1__.
That's
because
the
train
is
her
home,
and
she
says
she
__2__
this
way.
“It
all
started
with
a
__3__
I
had
with
my
landlord
(房东)，”
Müller
says.
“I
instantly
__4__
I
didn't
live
there
anymore－and
then
I
realized:
__5__，
I
didn't
want
to
live
anywhere
anymore.”
__6__，
she
bought
a
subscription
(预定)
that
allows
her
to
board
every
train
in
the
country
for
free.
Now,
Müller
__7__
in
the
train
and
writes
her
college
papers
__8__
traveling
at
a
speed
of
up
to
190
mph.
She
says
that
she
enjoys
the
__9__
she
has
experienced
since
she
gave
up
her
apartment.
“I
really
feel
at
home
on
trains.
It's
like
being
on
__10__
all
the
time，”
says
Müller.
“I
read,
I
write,
I
look
out
of
the
window
and
I
meet
__11__
people
all
the
time,
who
give
me
a
hand，”
says
Müller.
Since
__12__
the
move,
Müller's
life
__13__
a
small
backpack
in
which
she
carries
clothes,
her
tablet
computer
and
college
documents.
So
far,
she
has
__14__
a
lot.
Financially,
she
__15__
from
living
on
a
train:
The
flat－rate
ticket
only
costs
her
about
$380,
whereas
she
had
to
pay
about
$450
for
her
previous
apartment.
However,
living
__16__
is
not
the
only
goal
she
has
in
mind.
“I
want
to
__17__
people
to
question
their
habits
and
the
things
they
consider
to
be
__18__，”
Müller
says.
“There
are
always
more
__19__
than
one
thinks
there
are.
The
next
__20__
is
waiting
just
around
the
corner－provided
that
you
want
to
find
it.”
篇章导读：本文进述的是大学生Müller因与房东发生争执，从此不愿再住公寓的故事。她选择生活在火车上并喜欢上了这种简单的生活。她想通过自己的故事告诉大家去审视一下大家认为是正常的事物。
1．A.behind B．up C．away D．outside
答案：A'由下文“the
train
is
her
home”可知，大家下了火车回家，她却留了下来不走。stay
behind意为“留在后面；留下来不走”。
2．A.regrets
B．
likes
C．ignores
D．
hates
答案：B'由第9空前的enjoys可知，她喜欢(likes)这种生活方式。
3．A.game
B．
joke
C．quarrel
D．
conversation
答案：C'由下文内容可知，Müller不想再住公寓，由此推断出她和房东发生了争执(quarrel)。
4．A.doubted
B．
believed
C．worried
D．
determined
答案：D'空格后的内容就是她的决定，即决定(determined)不再在那里居住了。
5．A.Actually
B．
Frequently
C．Hopelessly
D．
Unfortunately
答案：A'由下文她生活在火车里可知，实际上(Actually)，不论是哪里的公寓她都不想住了。
6．A.Moreover
B．
Otherwise
C．Instead
D．
Besides
答案：C'由语境可知，她反而(Instead)购买了一种可以让她免费乘坐国内每一辆火车的预定。
7．A.wanders
B．
lives
C．struggles
D．
recovers
答案：B'由上文的她不离开火车及下文的写论文可知，当(while)火车在行驶时，她生活(lives)在火车上，并在上面写她的大学论文。
8．A.while
B．
after
C．before
D．
until
答案：A'参见上题解析。
9．A.speed
B．
freedom
C．occupation
D．
journey
答案：B'由下文“I
really
feel
at
home
on
trains”可知，她喜欢离开租住公寓后的自由(freedom)。
10．A.strike
B．
guard
C．business
D．
vacation
答案：D'Müller一直生活在火车上，由此推断出，她的这种生活就像一直在度假(vacation)。
11．A.kind
B．
familiar
C．important
D．
patient
答案：A'由下文的give
me
a
hand可知，她在火车上遇见的这些人给予她帮助。由此可知，她遇见了善良(kind)的人们。
12．A.considering
B．
risking
C．quitting
D．
discovering
答案：B'由常识可知，相对于住在常规的房子里，移居到火车上是一种冒险(risking)。
13．A.sttif
into
B．
deals
with
C．fits
into
D．
disagrees
with
答案：C'句意：自从冒险移居到火车上，她的生活就纳入到了(fits
into)她的背包里。
14．A.lost
B．
gained
C．accepted
D．
changed
答案：B'由下文内容可推知，到目前为止，她收获(gained)很多。她因生活在火车上而在经济上获益。
15．A.suffers
B．
benefits
C．learns
D．
differs
答案：B'由空格后的“The
flat－rate
ticket
only
costs
her
about
$380”可知，这里是指得益(benefits)。
16．A.alone
B．
apart
C．cheaply
D．
happily
答案：C'由上文only
costs可知，在火车上生活便宜(living
cheaply)。
17．A.inspire
B．
persuade
C．allow
D．
teach
答案：A'由上下文可知，她想启发(inspire)他们去审视他们的习惯及他们认为是正常的(normal)事物。
18．A.normal
B．
strange
C．special
D．
boring
答案：A'参见上题解析。
19．A.trains
B．
apartments
C．troubles
D．
opportunities
答案：D'由上下文可知，总有很多的机会(opportunities)，只要你愿意，下一个冒险(adventure)就会等着你。
20．A.trip
B．
story
C．project
D．
adventure
答案：D'参见上题解析。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)
A
[2017·都江堰联考]Beijing
has
become
the
first
city
to
host
both
Summer
and
Winter
Olympic
Games
after
beating
Kazakhstan's
Almaty
to
hold
the
2022
Winter
Olympics.
Following
a
closed－door
vote
by
International
Olympic
Committee
(IOC)
members,
President
Thomas
Bach
announced
that
Beijing
is
the
winner
of
2022
Winter
Olympics
during
the
128th
IOC
Session
in
Kuala
Lumpur
on
Friday
afternoon.
With
a
fully－prepared
final
presentation
by
an
all－star
team,
Beijing
has
successfully
convinced
the
committee
members
that
the
2008
Olympics
host
city
is
a
more
favored
candidate
for
the
Winter
Games.
The
high－powered
delegation
assured
IOC
members
that
Beijing
was
the
safe
choice
because
it
had
already
proved
it
could
stage
the
Games
and
said
it
would
take
winter
sports
into
the
backyard
of
the
world's
most
populated
country.
Chinese
President
Xi
Jinping
sent
a
letter
of
appreciation
to
President
Thomas
Bach
on
Friday
evening,
expressing
thanks
to
IOC
for
its
trust
and
support
in
selecting
Beijing
together
with
Zhangjiakou
as
the
host
of
the
2022
Olympic
and
Paralympic
Winter
Games.
The
British
Olympic
Association
(BOA)
congratulated
Beijing
on
winning
the
bid
and
believed
the
Chinese
capital
will
host
a
“great”
Winter
Olympics.
The
capital
promises
a
sustainable
(可持续的)
Olympics
by
taking
full
advantage
of
existing
venues.
And
it
will
take
a
series
of
measures
to
deal
with
air
pollution
for
a
successful
2022
Games.
Bid
officials
said
winning
the
hosting
rights
for
the
2022
Winter
Olympics
will
fuel
regional
integration
between
Beijing,
Tianjin
and
Hebei
Province,
especially
on
transportation，
air
pollution
control
and
tourism.
篇章导读：文章讲述了北京成功申办2022年冬奥会的情况。
1．Which
of
the
following
is
right
according
to
the
passage
A．Beijing
is
the
only
city
to
host
2022
Winter
Olympics.
B．Beijing
is
the
first
city
to
host
both
Summer
and
Winter
Olympic
Games.
C．Beijing
is
the
winner
of
2022
Winter
Olympics
after
beating
Kuala
Lumpur.
D．IOC
members
held
an
open
door
meeting
to
vote
for
the
winner
to
host
the
Winter
Olympic
Games.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“the
first
city
to
host
both
Summer
and
Winter
Olympic
Games”可知，正确选项为B。本题易错选A：北京是举办2022年冬奥会的唯一城市。此选项错在“唯一”上，因为北京在举办2022年冬奥会的时候，还有张家口协办。
2．What
is
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“stage”
in
the
third
paragraph
A．floor
B．
level
C．celebrate
D．
organize
答案：D 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“The
high－powered
delegation
assured
IOC
members
that
Beijing
was
the
safe
choice
because
it
had
already
proved
it
could
stage
the
Games”以及常识可知，此处表示高级代表团使IOC确信北京是可靠的选择，因为它通过2008年奥运会的成功举办，已经证明它能组织好比赛。此处的stage是动词“组织”的意思。
3．What
will
Beijing
do
in
order
to
host
a
successful
2022
Games
A．Beijing
will
prepare
an
all－star
team
to
welcome
the
guests
all
over
the
world.
B．
Beijing
will
fuel
regional
integration
between
Beijing,
Tianjin
and
Hebei
Province.
C．Beijing
will
make
full
use
of
the
existing
stadiums
and
deal
with
air
pollution.
D．
Beijing
will
make
itself
more
beautiful
to
attract
the
tourists
all
over
the
world.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“taking
full
advantage
of
existing
venues”以及“deal
with
air
pollution”可知，选项C符合题意。
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
A．Beijing
wins
both
Summer
and
Winter
Games.
B．BOA
congratulated
Beijing
on
winning
the
bid.
C．All－star
team
helps
Beijing.
D．Beijing
wins
2022
Winter
Games
bid.
答案：D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了北京申办2022年冬奥会成功的事。故选D。本题易误选A。北京确实是成功申办夏季和冬季奥运会的国家，但本文重点讲述的是成功申办了冬奥会。
1．closed－door
adj.
秘密的
2．stage
vt.
上演；举办；举行
3．appreciation
n.
感谢；欣赏
4．fuel
v.
加油；给……提供燃料；激起
5．transportation
n.
交通运输系统；运输方式
1．congratulate
sb.
on...
因为……祝贺某人
2．take
full
advantage
of...
充分利用……
B
[2017·崇明县模拟]The
twenty－four
horses
dash
around
a
racetrack.
The
thunder
of
their
hooves
(蹄)
rings
in
the
riders'
ears,
nearly
drowning
out
the
cheering
of
the
crowd.
After
three
or
four
minutes
of
suspense,
one
horse
crosses
the
finish
line
first,
winning
the
Melbourne
Cup
and
earning
a
place
in
history.
The
horses
that
compete
in
the
Melbourne
Cup－one
of
the
world's
most
famous
horseraces－were
fated
to
race.
Bred
for
speed,
these
horses
are
the
few
that
were
singled
out
as
having
potential
to
become
champions.
Preparing
a
racehorse
to
compete
requires
a
team.
A
horse's
owner
manages
the
team
and
decides
which
races
to
enter.
A
trainer
determines
the
racehorse's
diet
and
exercise.
Regular
exercise
makes
a
horse
less
likely
to
be
injured,
but
overtraining
tires
the
horse.
A
groomer
(动物美容师)
cares
for
the
racehorse
and
reports
any
problems
he
discovers
to
the
trainer.
And
of
course,
no
horserace
could
be
run
without
a
rider.
These
riders
train
for
long
hours
and
travel
constantly
from
one
race
to
another.
They
need
to
make
a
strategy，
adapt
to
changing
conditions
and
communicate
with
their
horse
to
guide
it
to
victory.
Australia's
most
famous
horserace,
the
Melbourne
Cup,
is
3,200
meters
of
pure
excitement.
Each
year
300
or
400
horses
are
nominated
(提名),
but
only
24
can
run.
The
competitors
are
chosen
based
on
a
number
of
factors,
but
winners
of
certain
races
qualify
automatically.
Each
racehorse
receives
a
handicap－a
certain
weight
it
must
carry
to
give
each
horse
an
equal
chance
of
winning－two
months
before
the
race.
Originally，
horses
that
seemed
likely
to
win
were
assigned
larger
handicaps.
But
the
rules
have
changed,
reducing
the
handicap
for
previous
winners.
The
first
Melbourne
Cup
in
1861
drew
a
crowd
of
4,000
spectators,
and
the
race's
popularity
has
grown
since
then.
Held
on
the
first
Tuesday
of
November,
the
cup
has
become
a
four－day
festival
with
fine
food
and
entertainment.
The
Melbourne
Cup
began
during
a
gold
rush
as
a
form
of
entertainment
for
the
rich.
Today
it
still
attracts
society's
upper
class.
They
come
dressed
in
their
finest
to
enjoy
the
event
in
comfort.
But
anyway
it's
all
about
the
race－the
effort
of
horses
and
riders,
the
suspense
and
the
thrill
of
victory.
篇章导读：本文主要介绍了Melbourne
Cup
墨尔本杯马赛及其一些规定。
5．What
can
be
learned
about
the
horses
in
the
Melbourne
Cup
A．They
are
all
winners
of
a
certain
race.
B．They
are
raised
and
trained
by
joint
effort.
C．They
are
chosen
from
ordinary
horses.
D．Their
fates
are
determined
by
their
trainers.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Preparing
a
racehorse
to
compete
requires
a
team.”
可知，培养一匹赛马是一件团体工作。故选项B正确。
6．The
racehorses
are
given
handicaps
so
that________.
A．they
will
weigh
the
same
B．previous
winners
are
unlikely
to
win
C．the
race
will
be
fair
enough
D．they
will
be
more
adaptable
to
the
race
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句中的“Each
racehorse
receives
a
handicap－a
certain
weight
it
must
carry
to
give
each
horse
an
equal
chance
of
winning”可知，给赛马增加一些障碍是为了让比赛更公平一些。故答案C正确。
7．It
can
be
learned
from
the
passage
that
________.
A．the
spectators
of
the
Melbourne
Cup
must
dress
well
B．the
Melbourne
Cup
was
intended
for
wealthy
people
C．the
winner
of
the
Melbourne
Cup
can
earn
a
large
fortune
D．the
Melbourne
Cup
is
the
best－known
horserace
worldwide
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第七段第一句“The
Melbourne
Cup
began
during
a
gold
rush
as
a
form
of
entertainment
for
the
rich.”可知，马赛当初是专为富人所设立的。故答案B正确。
8．The
passage
can
most
probably
be
found
in
________.
A．a
sports
journal
B．
a
business
newspaper
C．an
academic
paper
D．
a
health
magazine
答案：A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了墨尔本杯马赛。故可知，本文应出现在体育杂志中。故答案A正确。
1．strategy
n.
策略；计策；行动计划
2．automatically
adv.
自动地
3．originally
adv.
原来地；最初地
4．assign
vt.
分配(某物)
5．thrill
n.
震撼；兴奋
1．drown
out
压过；盖过；没过
2.adapt
to
适应于……
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2017·石家庄质检]I
am
sorry
to
know
that
you're
having
so
a
bad
time
nowadays.
In
fact,
as
a
Senior
Three
student,
it
is
normal
that
everyone
will
have
to
face
the
special
periods
where
things
seem
to
be
going
worse
and
worse,
so
you
don't
have
to
worry
so
many.
The
most
important
thing
is
learn
how
to
control
our
temper.
Here
are
two
useful
tip:
First,
talking
to
someone
you
trust
for
how
you
feel.
Second,
go
outdoors
and
play
team
games
with
your
friends.
I
hope
you'll
be
soon
feel
calmer
or
carry
on
to
achieve
your
goal.
答案：
I
am
sorry
to
know
that
you're
having
a
bad
time
nowadays.
In
fact,
as
a
Senior
Three
student,
it
is
normal
that
everyone
will
have
to
face
the
special
periods
things
seem
to
be
going
worse
and
worse,
so
you
don't
have
to
worry
so
.
The
most
important
thing
is
learn
how
to
control
temper.
Here
are
two
useful
：
First,
to
someone
you
trust
how
you
feel.
Second,
go
outdoors
and
play
team
games
with
your
friends.
I
hope
you'll
calmer
carry
on
to
achieve
your
goal.
第一处：so→such such
a
bad
time
“如此糟糕的一段时光”。
第二处：where→when 先行词为period，定语从句中缺时间状语，故用when引导。
第三处：many→much much修饰动词worry。
第四处：learn前加to to
learn此处作表语。
第五处：our→your 由文章意思可知，应用your。
第六处：tip→tips 由two可知，应用名词复数。
第七处：talking→talk talk
to...此处为祈使句，应用动词原形开头。
第八处：for→about talk
to
sb.
about
sth.
“与某人就某事进行交谈”。
第九处：去掉be或feel→feeling 去掉be，由feel
充当系动词或feel改为feeling,
be
feeling为进行时态。
第十处：or→and and在肯定句中连接两个并列的动词。
