2018年高考英语（全国通用）一轮复习课件：必修1Unit5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero（79张PPT）

课件79张PPT。Nelson Mandela—a modern heroBook 1 Unit 5晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇
1.achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩
2.ambitious adj.有雄心壮志的
3.background n.背景
4.characteristic adj.典型的；独特的
5.contribution n.贡献
6.outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的
7.outstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的
8.have a gift for对……有天赋9.be enthusiastic about对……热心
10.make efforts to do sth.努力做某事话题佳作
假设你是李平，请根据以下信息，向《英语测试报》的编辑写信投稿，介绍一位传奇人物。
姓名：Allan Stewart
国籍：澳大利亚
出生日期：1915年3月7日
世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大
学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。第一个学位：1936年获得
第二个学位：医学博士
第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。
第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。
参考词汇：硕士学位master’s degree；博士doctor佳作欣赏
Dear Editor，
Here is a legendary Australian named Allan Stewart，born on March 7,1915.He has attained 4 degrees，the first of which was obtained in 1936.After getting his second degree，a doctor’s degree of medicine，Mr. Stewart decided to take up law in his eighties and in 2006 he obtained his third degree，leading him to set a world record of being the oldest holder of a master’s degree.He was awarded the fourth degree in 2012 by learning online.And he earned praise from his teachers for making good use of his time for learning. Yours，
Li Ping名师点睛
本文有效地整合了题目所提供的信息，通过简朴的语言和合理的行文顺序把写作要点准确地表达出来。文中运用了过去分词短语作定语、定语从句、现代分词短语作结果状语等高级句式以及take up，set a world record，make good use of等短语的综合运用，使得语言富于变化，增强了文章的表达效果。内容索引基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力教材升华　综合运用基础排查　点拨要点A.写作必记单词
1.quality n.品质；质量；性质
be of good/high quality质量高的
quality在质量方面
2.active adj.积极的；活跃的
be active 在……方面积极
take an part in积极参加1ininactive3.devote vt.献身；专心于
(1) adj.忠实的；深爱的
be devoted 致力于，献身于；热爱……
(2)Neighbors devoted their spare time to (help) others rebuild.(2016·北京)
(3)He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the
people around.
→ ，he was praised by the
people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→ ，he was praised by the people around.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)devotedtohelpingDevoting himself to community activitiesDevoted to community activities4.peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的
(1)peace n.和平
(2) peace处于和平状态
peace平静地
peace with和……讲和atinmake5.vote vt.& vi.投票；选举；
n.投票；选票；表决
(1)vote 就……投票表决
put... the vote将……付诸表决
(2)vote 投票赞成
vote 投票反对
(3)Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future
Singer” competition.
苏华被他的叔叔邀请在“未来歌星”比赛中为他的堂弟投票。(2016·江苏)ontoforagainst6.equal adj.相等的；平等的
(1) n.相等；平等
(2)be equal to sb. in...在……方面与某人相当
(3)He is equal Tom ability.(填介词)
(4)Learning to deal with the social world is (equal) important.(2016·北京)
7.willing adj.乐意的；自愿的
He did not compromise easily，but was willing to accept any constructive
advice for a worthy cause.
他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。 (2016·江苏)equalitytoinequally8.escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘
(1)[写出下列句子中escape的熟词生义]
①I’m sorry，but your name escapes me. ______________
②How will we know if there’s any gas escaping？
(2)You are lucky to escape punishment.(同义句转换)
→You are lucky to escape .被遗忘；被忽略流出；泄漏being punished9.reward n.报酬；奖金；
vt.酬劳；奖赏
(1)rewarding adj.值得的；有奖赏的
(2)reward sb. with...for...因为……用……奖赏某人
(3)When it comes to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly
rewarding tactics.
当提及售房时，企业也利用高回报的策略。(2015·重庆)
(4)I rewarded him with a book for his help.(同义句转换)
→I gave him a book his help.in reward for/as a reward forB.阅读识记单词
10.mean adj.
11.generous adj._______________
12.found vt.
13.principle n._________________
14.guidance n.
(1) v.指导
(2) the guidance of在……指导下
guide sb. to...带领某人去……(to为介词)吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的慷慨的；大方的建立；建设法则；原则；原理指导；领导guideunder15.legal adj.___________________
illegal adj.______
16.youth n._______________youth (青年人，年轻人)作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式，也可用单数形式。法律的；依照法律的非法的青年；青年时期17.league n.___________________
18.attack vt.________________
(1) attack遭受攻击
(2)The white blood cells protect the body from (attack)
by disease germs.
19.violence n.___________
violent adj.
20.educate vt.
educated adj.
education n._____同盟；联盟；联合会进攻；抨击；攻击under being attacked暴力；暴行暴力的；猛烈的教育；训练受过教育的；有教养的教育21.beg vi.___________
(1)beg your pardon对不起；请再说一遍
(2)He begged that he (allow) to leave.
22.relative n.___________
23.cruelty n.____________
adj.残忍的请求；乞求(should) be allowed亲戚；亲属残忍；残酷cruel1. 失业
失业(表动作)
2. 事实上
3. 使充气；爆炸
4. 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
做……有困难
不辞劳苦地做……2out of worklose workas a matter of fact/in factblow upin troublehave trouble (in) doing...take the trouble to do...5. 求助于；致力于
(1)She has no close friends whom she can turn advice or help.(填介词)
(2)More and more people turn to computer science.
越来越多的人从事于计算机科学。
6. 丧失勇气或信心
(1) 爱上；喜欢上
(2)We should not lose heart in face of difficulties.
面对困难时我们不应该失去信心。(2016·天津)turn totoforlose heartlose one’s heart to7. 设立；建立；搭起
8. 被判处……(徒刑)
9. 在某人看来在该短语中，opinion总是用单数。set upbe sentenced toin one’s opinion1.He was the first man in July 1969.
1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。
(1)In 1931，Addams became the first American woman (win) the
Nobel Peace Prize.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
(2)If we could show concern to others in need，the world would be a better
place to live .(填介词)(2014·浙江)3to land on the moonto winin(1)当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及the only，the very等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。
(2)作定语的动词如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。2.However，this was a time
to live in Johannesburg.
然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。
3. the greatest number of laws stopping
our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we
have almost no rights at all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直
到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。when one had got to have a passbookThe last thirty years have seen4....only then with violence.
……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
Only when Lily walked into the office that she had left the
contract at home.
直到莉莉走进办公室，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。(2015·天津)(1)“only＋副词、介词短语、从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。
(2)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。did we decide to answer violencedid she realize5.I felt bad .
第一次给一群人作讲解时，我感觉很糟。(1)the first time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，each/every/next/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly等。
(2)for the first time是介词短语，它不能连接从句。the first time I talked to a group教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
Elias，a poor black worker in South Africa，said that the time 1._____ he first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of his life.In 1952，he went to see Mandela,2. black lawyer，for advice.Mandela was generous with his time，for which Elias was very grateful.
Elias began school at six，but he had to leave school two years later 3. his family couldn’t afford the school fees and the bus fare.whenabecauseAs a result，he had very little 4. (educate).After trying hard，he got a job in a gold mine.5. ，to live in Johannesburg，one had got to have a passbook.Not having one because he was not born there，he worried about 6. he would become out of work.
Then Mandela helped him，telling him how to get the correct papers 7._______(stay) in Johannesburg.He became more hopeful about his future and later joined the ANC Youth League 8. (organize) by Mandela.Just as Mandela put it，the blacks were so 9. (bad) treated that they had reached a stage where they had almost no rights at all.educationHoweverwhetherto stayorganizedbadlyIn 1963，he helped Mandela blow up some government buildings.He knew that only 10. answering violence with violence could they achieve their dream of making black and white people equal.byTHE REST OF ELIAS’ STORY
You cannot imagine what the name of Robben Island made us afraid. It was a prison from where no one escaped. There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I get there Nelson Mandela was also there and he helped me.Mr. Mandela began a school for those of us who had few learning.howwhichgotlittleⅡ.教材与短文改错He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find make candles to see the words. I became a good student. I wanted to study for my degree and I was not allowed to do that. Later，Mr. Mandela allowed the prison guards to join in us. ∧
to buteveningsHe said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.They were not clever than me，but they did pass their exams.So I knew I could get a degree too. That made me feel good about me. cleverermyselfⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于人物介绍)
1.作为律师，我热爱我的工作。
2.我相信法律面前人人平等。
3.在大家处于困境时，我乐意不计报酬为大家提供帮助。
4.事实上，很多人就法律问题向我求助。
提示：加蓝部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用when引导的时间状语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)As a lawyer，I am devoted to my job and I believe all people are equal before the law.I’m willing to give a hand without rewards when people are in trouble.As a matter of fact，a lot of people turn to me for legal advice. 语篇训练　提升能力Ⅰ. 阅读理解Ⅱ. 七选五Ⅲ. 完形填空Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2016·四川文星中学月考)
A great loss—Shirley Temple dies at 85
February 12,2014
BY DERRIKJ.LANG，Associated Press
Shirley Temple Black，who died on February 10th at age 85，wasn’t just a child star.She was THE child star—the sweet little girl whose shining smile helped illumine some of the darkest days the US has known during the Great Depression.It’s hard today to imagine the super star Shirley was once “America’s Little Darling”.She sang and danced her way to the top of the box office in such films as Bright Eyes，Curly Top and Heidi.By 1940，she had appeared in 43 films.Temple teamed with Bill Robison in four movies，and their dance on the stairs in The Little Colonel is still a legendary film moment.
In the 1930s，her name on a movie introduction assured(保证) a packed house.She inspired dolls，dresses，dishes—even a drink(alcohol-free，of course).US President Franklin D.Roosevelt once famously said that “as long as our country has Shirley Temple，we will be all right”.
Unlike so many of today’s child stars，Temple didn’t end up with her name appearing across the headlines for bad behaviors.Instead of getting her photos on front pages or struggling with drugs and alcohol，Temple went on to a second career in diplomacy(外交)，including presidential appointments as ambassador to Ghana.She surprised a lot of people who doubted her with her grace，knowledge and eagerness to serve.In fact，her career in public service (20 years) was longer than her career in movies (19 years).The role she valued most，however，was as wife，mother，grandmother and great--grandmother.
The world has lost a treasured Hollywood legend.But her movies will allow that little dynamic figure to continue charming audiences for a very long time.1.The word “illumine” in Paragraph 1 means “ ”.
A.shorten B.sweeten
C.strengthen D.brighten词义猜测题。根据第一段的叙述，她是一名童星，她灿烂的笑容让在美国的大萧条时期中面对最黑暗时刻的人们看到了光明。shorten缩短；sweeten变甜；strengthen 加强；brighten 照亮。故选D。√ 答案 解析12342.Temple，as a child movie star，can best be described as .
A.sweet and lively
B.gentle and kind
C.smart and knowledgeable
D.shy and attractive推理判断题。sweet and lively 甜美活泼；gentle and kind 温柔和蔼；smart and knowledgeable 聪明且知识渊博；shy and attractive 害羞且有吸引力。从全文对作为一个童星的邓波儿的描述来看，“甜美活泼”最合适。故选A。√ 答案 解析12343.What part did she regard as the most important in her life?
A.A top movie star.
B.A businesswoman.
C.Her family role.
D.Her diplomacy career.√ 答案 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“The role she valued most，however，was as wife，mother，grandmother and great--grandmother.”可知，她最为看重的角色是妻子、母亲、祖母以及曾祖母。也就是在家庭中的角色。故选C。12344.Where does this passage possibly come from?
A.A biography. B.A newspaper.
C.A magazine. D.A poster.√ 答案 解析文章出处题。biography传记；newspaper报纸；magazine杂志；poster海报。根据新闻报道正文开头的时间和“BY DERRIKJ.LANG, Associated Press”可知，这是美联社的一篇新闻报道，告诉读者秀兰·邓波儿辞世的消息，应该是在报纸上。故选B。1234Ⅱ. 七选五(2016·湖北黄冈中学模拟)
While going through life with the pursuit of money in our mind，we’re often told that money can’t buy happiness.But what truth is there in the saying? Is there a relation between money and happiness？ 1 答案 解析D.And if so，how can we use it to our advantage?根据上一句“钱和幸福有关系吗？”可知，下一句是“如果有关系，我们该怎样把钱用得对我们有利？”故选D。Humans are very sensitive to change.When we get a rise，we really enjoy it.But some studies have shown that in North America，additional income beyond 75,000 dollars a year stops impacting day--to--day happiness.
2 They often end up spending all the money，going into debt，and experience ruined social relationships. 答案 解析G [In fact，people who win a lottery are often reported to have become
extremely unhappy.]根据下一句“他们花光了所有的钱，负债累累”可知，那些赢了彩票的人经常被报道说不幸福。So surely money can’t really buy happiness.Well，recent studies suggest that the problem may actually be in the way that we spend money.
3 Studies show that people who spend their money on others feel happier.As for the people who spend money on themselves，their happiness is unchanged. 答案 解析C [Instead of buying things for yourself，try giving some of it to other
people and see how you feel.]根据上文“问题在于我们花钱的方式”及下文“为他们花钱感到更幸福”可知，此处应为“不要只给自己买东西，而要试着给其他人买些东西并且看看(那样做)我们感觉如何。”故选C。 4 One experiment showed that instead of an organization writing a large check to a charity，dividing the amount up among employees，allowing them to contribute to a charity of their choice，increased their job satisfaction.
Similarly，individuals that spend money on each other，as opposed to themselves，not only increase job satisfaction，but improve the team performance.A [The same principle has been tested on teams and organizations as well.] 答案 解析根据下文“one experiment showed that...”中的“experiment”可知，设空处应为总体介绍此法则在实验中的测试。故选A。 5 Interestingly，the specific way money is spent on others isn’t important.Spending something on others is the important aspect of increasing your happiness.
A.The same principle has been tested on teams and organizations as well.
B.Money has more effect on the vast majority of people in the long run.
C.Instead of buying things for yourself，try giving some of it to other
people and see how you feel.
D.And if so，how can we use it to our advantage?
E.Almost everywhere we look in the world，we see that giving money to
others is positively related to happiness.F.And while you’re saving up for these greatest experiences，don’t
forget the daily joys in life.
G.In fact，people who win a lottery are often reported to have become
extremely unhappy. 答案 解析根据下文可知，放眼看看整个世界，我们都可看到把钱给别人与幸福有着积极的联系。故选E。E.Almost everywhere we look in the world，we see that giving money to
others is positively related to happiness.Ⅲ. 完形填空(2016·广东湛江一中期中)
Have you ever watched an artist paint a picture？He or she works close to the canvas 1 small sections at a time in the process of completing the whole painting.1.A.picking B.painting
C.losing D.enjoying结合上一句中的“an artist paint a picture”及空后的“completing the whole painting”可知，此处指艺术家靠近油画布画画。√ 答案 解析But every once in a while，the 2 must step back from his/her work and look at the whole picture.2.A.scientist B.teacher
C.physicist D.artist结合上下文语境，特别是该空后的“the whole picture”可知，此处指的是艺术家(artist)。√ 答案 解析Only by stepping away from what they’re working on can they 3 the proper perspective(视角，观点).3.A.turn B.change
C.gain D.give艺术家走到离画布远一点的地方是为了获得(gain)更合适的创作视角。√ 答案 解析The proper point of view is 4 to the end result.4.A.important B.special
C.ordinary D.popular根据下一段的内容可知，此处表示合适的视角对作品最后的效果很重要(important)。√ 答案 解析It’s no difference for any other creation. 5 it’s a business，a project or your life，you need to step back 6 in order to get it right.5.A.Although B.Where
C.Because D.Whether不管(whether)是生意、工程还是生活，你都需要不时地往后退一些。 答案 解析√It’s no difference for any other creation. 5 it’s a business，a project or your life，you need to step back 6 in order to get it right.6.A.finally B.sometimes
C.immediately D.slowly不时地(sometimes)往后退一些是为了更好地进行下去。此处的sometimes与第二段第一句中的“every once in a while”相照应。 答案 解析√From a 7 ，you can see things you can’t see when you’re close.7.A.height B.depth
C.distance D.lengthfrom a distance在远处，与后面的“when you’re close”相对应。隔一段距离(distance)，你能够看到在近处所看不到的东西。√ 答案 解析The difference is in working on your project 8 working in it.8.A.instead of B.together with
C.such as D.less than空格处连接两种不同的情景，因此用“instead of”表示转折。√ 答案 解析It’s all too easy to focus on something but 9 the important parts needed to create a satisfying result.9.A.meet B.destroy
C.collect D.miss做事情过于投入会漏掉(miss)一些重要的部分，而这些部分是创造出令人满意的结果所必需的。 答案 解析√Stephen Covey calls it “ 10 the saw(锯)”.10.A.repairing B.sharpening
C.touching D.hiding结合上文语境及后面的“sharper”可知，此处表示使锯锋利。故选sharpening。 答案 解析√It would be 11 to keep sawing without stopping from time to time to make your 12 sharper.11.A.foolish B.interesting
C.clever D.practical根据上文中强调的“后退”的重要性及“磨刀不误砍柴工”的道理可知，一味工作而不懂得停下来是很愚蠢的(foolish)行为。√ 答案 解析It would be 11 to keep sawing without stopping from time to time to make your 12 sharper.12.A.way B.mind
C.tool D.sense根据上文中提到的“saw(锯)”可知，此处应选tool。√ 答案 解析But unfortunately，that’s what too many of us 13 .13.A.notice B.do
C.find D.lose但不幸的是我们多数人都是这么做(do)的，即一味做事而不懂得停下来。√ 答案 解析 Just like music，we need spaces 14 the notes in order to create the lovely melody(旋律).14.A.through B.before
C.behind D.between音符之间(between)需要有空隙才能产生优美的旋律。√ 答案 解析A continuous collection of notes with no spaces is not good—it’s 15 .15.A.music B.noise
C.sound D.pollution该空与上一句中的“the lovely melody”相对应。音符间没有空隙的音乐，毫无旋律可言，这种音乐是噪音(noise)。√ 答案 解析 You may need to take a vacation to
16 work or study.16.A.look forward to
B.catch up with
C.get away from
D.work hard at也许你需要度假来远离(get away from)工作和学习。look forward to期待；catch up with赶上；work hard at努力做。 √ 答案 解析At other times，it’s better to take a course or attend a meeting to 17 some new ideas.17.A.obtain B.prove
C.desert D.explain在其他时候，参加课程或会议更能获取(obtain)一些新点子。√ 答案 解析Sometimes，it may be better to take a complete break，to go away and just do something totally 18 —take on a volunteer project，build a house for Habitat for Humanity or some other worthy causes.18.A.difficult B.necessary
C.common D.different该空后提到的事情是与平时工作不同的(different)。√ 答案 解析The important thing is to take the breaks.Without them，we are not
19 and we don’t enjoy our work or our life as much.19.A.native B.creative
C.attractive D.sensitive 不注意休息，我们就不会有创造 力。此处与上一段第二句中的“new ideas”照应，故选creative。√ 答案 解析Our pressure 20 and both our work and our health suffer.20.A.reduces
B.disappears
C.increases
D.improves√ 答案 解析 压力增加(increase)，会使我们的 工作和健康都遭受损害。 以上语篇训练之　
素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1.depression n.不景气；萧条；萎靡不振；沮丧
adj.令人压抑的；沉闷的
adj.感到沮丧的；消沉的；萧条的
2.treasure n.宝藏；珍宝；
vt.珍惜；重视
(1)treasured adj.珍贵的
(2)I am in Nova Scotia on a pilgrimage(朝圣) with Lise，my granddaughter，
seeking roots for her，retracing(追溯) (treasure) memory for me.depressingdepressedtreasured3.charming adj.迷人的；可爱的；英俊的
(1) n.魅力；
v.使高兴；吸引
(2)It was Our Home，small and (charm)，overlooking
a quiet lake. (2015·天津)charmcharming4.as for 关于；至于
(1)as to关于；至于
(2)As for my favorite figure in Chinese history it must be Wei Yuan，
a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.(2016·北京)
至于中国历史上我最喜欢的人物，那肯定是魏源，他是清朝末期一个
伟大的思想家。5.as opposed to与……相对；而不是
(1) 反对……
(2)I have been consistently opposed to (feed) a baby regularly.
6.in the process of在……过程中
As high school students，we run into one difficulty after another_____
(在学习的过程中).be opposed tofeedingprocess of learningin theⅡ.句式升级
1.She surprised a lot of people who doubted her with her grace，
knowledge and eagerness to serve.
→ was her grace，
knowledge and eagerness to serve.(用what引导的主语从句改写)
→A lot of people who doubted her her grace，
knowledge and eagerness to serve.(用被动语态改写)What surprised a lot of people who doubted herwere surprised with2.While going through life with the pursuit of money in our mind，we’re
often told that money can’t buy happiness.(补全句子)
→ ，we’re
often told that money can’t buy happiness.While we go through life with the pursuit of money in our mind4.Similarly，individuals that spend money on each other，as opposed to
themselves，not only increase job satisfaction，but improve the team
performance.(同义句改写)
→Similarly，individuals money on each other，
themselves，improve the team performance increase job satisfaction.rather thanspendingas well as