2018届高考英语一轮总复习教师用书（人教版）：第1部分 选修6（5份）

话题素材——大自然的力量
好词
1.natural
adj.
自然的；天然的
2.preserve
vt.
保护；保留；保存
3.responsibility
n.
责任
4.typhoon
n.
台风
5.volcano
n．火山
6.stricken
area
受灾地区
7.contribute
to
导致
8.be
aware
of
意识到
9.on
account
of
由于；因为
10.get
close
to
nature
接近大自然
11.go
picnicing
去野餐
12.in
the
long
run
从长远来看
13.natural
resources
自然资源
14.negative
effect
负面影响
15.improve
the
quality
of
life
for
humans
提高人类的生活质量
佳句
1.Now
more
and
more
people
become_aware_that
the
present
environment
has_much_to_do_with
what
we
have
done
to
the
earth.
现在，越来越多的人开始认识到，目前的环境与我们对地球的所作所为有很大关系。
2.Because_of
the
behavior
of
our
human
beings,
the
earth
is_faced_with
great
pressure.
由于人类活动的影响，地球面临着巨大的压力。
3.It
is
good
to
learn
at_another_man's_cost.
前车之鉴。
[精美语篇]
My
dear
classmates,
we
all
know
that
life
is
precious.
Then
how
can
we
protect
ourselves
when
we
come
across
a
horrible
earthquake
Now
let
me
give
you
some
advice
on
how
to
survive
an
earthquake.
When
a
serious
earthquake
takes
place,
we
should
hide
in
a
bathroom
or
under
some
strong
furniture
immediately.
At
the
same
time
we'd
better
fall
on
the
ground
and
close
our
eyes
with
a
towel
on
our
nose
and
mouth
to
stop
the
dust.
If
it
is
possible,
please
turn
off
the
gas
stop
and
the
electric
power
switch.
But
you
mustn't
try
to
run
out
or
jump
off
a
building.
And
do
remember
not
to
use
the
elevator.
That's
all.
Thank
you！
高频单词
1．erupt
(vi.)
(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption
(n.)
火山爆发；(战争等)爆发
2．appoint
(vt.)
任命；委派→appointment
(n.)
约定；任命
3．evaluate
(vt.)
评估；评价；估计→evaluation
(n.)
评估
4．absolute
(adj.)
绝对的；完全的→absolutely
(adv.)
绝对地；完全地
5．suit
(n.)
一套外衣；套装
(vt.)
适合；使适宜→suitable
(adj.)
合适的；适宜的
6．actual
(adj.)
实在的；实际的→actually
(adv.)
实际上
7．anxious
(adj.)
忧虑的；不安的→anxiously
(adv.)
不安地→anxiety
(n.)
担心；焦虑；渴望
8．diverse
(adj.)
多种多样的；不同的→diversity
(n.)
多种多样；多样性
9．panic
(vi.&vt.)
惊慌
(n.)
惊慌；恐慌→panicked
(过去式/过去分词)
10．appreciation
(n.)
欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate
(vt.)
欣赏；感激
11．equipment
(n.)
设备；装备→equip
(vt.)
装备
12．uncomfortable
(adj.)
不舒服的；不舒适的→comfortable
(adj.)(反义词)舒服的；舒适的→uncomfortably
(adv.)不舒服地；不舒适地
13．evaluate
(vt.)
评估；评价；估计→evaluation
(n.)评估
重点短语
1．burn_to_the_ground　　　　全部焚毁
2．make_one's_way
前往
3．glance_through
匆匆看一遍
4．vary_from...to...
由……到……不等
5．compare...with...
与……相比
6．be_appointed_as
被委派为……
7．be_about_to_do_sth.
即将做某事
8．give_birth_to
生产；产生
9．be_suitable_for
适合……
10．have_a_gift_for
有……的天赋
热点句型
1．现在分词作状语
Having_collected_and_evaluated_the_information
(收集和评估这些信息之后),
I
help
other
scientists
to
predict
where
lava
from
the
volcano
will
flow
next
and
how
fast.(教材P34)
2．be
about
to
do...
when...“刚要……这时……”
I
was_about_to_go_back_to_sleep_when
(刚要回去睡觉这时)
suddenly
my
bedroom
became
as
bright
as
day.(教材P34)
3．独立主格结构
The
other
two
climbed
down
into
the
crater
to
collect
some
lava
for
later
study,
but
this_being_my_first_experience
(这是我的第一次经历),
I
stayed
at
the
top
and
watched
them.(教材P35)
4．It
is
said
that...“据说……”
It_is_said_that
(据说)
this
boy,
who
had
a
great
gift
for
languages
and
persuasion,
is
the
father
of
the
Manchu
people.(教材P39)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Although
my
job
is
occasionally
dangerous,
I
don't
mind
because
danger
________
(excite)
me
and
________
(make)
me
feel
alive.
答案：excites;
makes
2．However,
the
most
important
thing
about
my
job
is
________
I
help
protect
ordinary
people
from
one
of
the
most
powerful
forces
on
earth—the
volcano.答案：that3．I
was
appointed
________
a
volcanologist
working
for
the
Hawaiian
Volcano
Observatory
(HVO)
twenty
years
ago.
答案：as
4．________
(work)
hard
all
day,
I
went
to
bed
early.
答案：Having
worked
5．I
was
fast
asleep
________
suddenly
my
bed
began
shaking
and
I
heard
a
strange
sound.
答案：when
6．I
ran
out
of
the
house
into
the
back
garden
________
I
could
see
Mount
Kilauea
in
the
distance.
答案：where
7．They
were
bathing
in
Tianchi
________
a
bird
flew
above
them.
答案：when
8．The
height
of
the
land
________
(vary)
from
700
metres
above
sea
level
to
over
2,000
metres
and
is
home
________
a
great
variety
of
rare
plants
and
animals.
答案：varies;
to
9．There
are
many
stories
________
(tell)
about
Tianchi.
答案：told
10．Have
you
ever
considered
how
weak
humans
are
________
(compare)
with
a
volcano,
hurricane
or
earthquake
答案：compared
1　appoint　vt.任命；委派；指定；约定
I
was
appointed
as
a
volcanologist
working
for
the
Hawaiian
Volcano
Observatory
(HVO)
twenty
years
ago.(P34)
二十年前我被任命为火山学家，为夏威夷火山天文台工作。
归纳拓展
(1)appoint
sb.
(as/to
be)．..任命某人为……
appoint
sb.
to_do
sth.委派某人做某事
appoint
a
time/place
for
为……约定时间/地点
(2)appointment
n.
任命；约会
make/have/fix
an
appointment
with
sb.与某人预约
keep/break
an
appointment守/违约
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]They
appointed_him_(as)
captain
of
the
English
team.
他们任命他为英格兰队队长。
②I
was_appointed_to
take
charge
of
arranging
all
the
activities
on
that
day.
我被指定来负责安排那一天的所有活动。
③We
appointed
the
place
and
time
for
the
next
meeting.
我们确定了下次集会的地点与时间。
④I
left
early
because
I
had_an_appointment
later
that
day.
因为那天晚些时候我有个约会，就早点离开了。
图解助记　
2　suit　n.
一套外衣；套装　vt.适合；使适宜
We
had
white
protective
suits
that
covered
our
whole
body,
helmets,
big
boots
and
special
gloves.(P34)
我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。
归纳拓展
(1)a
suit
of
一套/副
(2)suit
sb.
fine
很合某人的意；
对某人很合适
suit...to...
使……适合于……
(3)suitable
adj.
适当的；相配的
be
suitable
for
适合于
be
suitable
to_do
sth.
适合做某事
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]If
not,
let
me
know
what
time
suits_you_best.
如果不行的话，让我知道什么时间最适合你(你有空)。
②[牛津高阶]If
you
want
to
go
by
bus,
that
suits_me_fine.
如果你想坐公共汽车去，那对我也非常合适。
③The
film
is_not_suitable_for
children.
这电影不适合孩子们。
④[一言辨异]I
want
to
take
this
jacket
because
it
fits
me
well
and
matches
my
trousers,
though
the
style
doesn't
suit
me.
尽管样式不适合我，但我还是想买这件夹克，因为我穿着很合身而且它和我的裤子很配。
3　anxious　adj.忧虑的；不安的　n．担心；焦虑；渴望
I
was
so
anxious
and
couldn't
move
at
first.(P38)
我非常担心，一开始吓得动弹不得。
归纳拓展
(1)be
anxious
to_do
sth.急于做……
be
anxious
about
sb./sth.担心/忧虑……
be
anxious
for
sb.
to
do
sth.急于让某人做……
be
anxious
that...急切希望……(that从句用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，其中should可以省略)
(2)anxiety
n．忧虑；担心；渴望
with
anxiety焦虑地
(3)anxiously
adv.焦虑地；不安地
语境助记
①[2016·四川高考]According
to
the
text,
the
mice
fed
with
daytime
milk
were
more_anxious.
根据这篇文章，喝了白天挤出来的奶的老鼠会更焦虑。
②[牛津高阶]She
was_anxious_to_finish
school
and
get
a
job.
她渴望毕业，然后找工作。
③I'm
very
anxious_about
my
parents'
health.我非常担心父母的健康。
④We
waited
with_anxiety/anxiously
for
our
examination
results.
我们焦急地等待着考试结果。
4　guarantee　vt.保证；担保；使……免受损失或伤害；确保　n．保证；保证书
If
you
are
lucky
enough
to
visit
the
Lake
of
Heaven
with
your
loved
one,
don't
forget
to
make
a
wish
to
guarantee
your
love
will
be
as
deep
and
lasting
as
the
lake
itself.(P39)
如果你有幸同你所爱的人同去天池，别忘许愿，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样幽深而长久。
归纳拓展
(1)guarantee
sb.
sth.
保证某人某事
guarantee
to_do
sth.
保证/担保做某事
guarantee
sth.
to
sb.
向某人保证/担保某事
(2)give
sb.
a
guarantee
that...
向某人保证……
under
guarantee
在保修期内
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]Our
Intensive
Course
builds
on
our
Standard
Course,
with
10
additional
lessons
per
week,
guaranteeing
the
fastest
possible
language
learning.
我们的速成课程是建立在标准课程之上的，每周有10节的额外课程，保证最快可能学会该语言。
②[朗文高阶]I
cannot
guarantee_to_work
for
more
than
a
year.
我不能保证工作一年以上。
③The
car
is
less
than
a
year
old,
so
it
is
still
under_guarantee.
这辆汽车用了还不满一年，因此仍在保修期内。
④Can
you
give_me_a_guarantee_that
the
work
will
be
finished
on
time
你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？
⑤Even
if
you
complete
your
training
I
can't
guarantee_you_a_job.
即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I
need
to
make
an
________
(appoint)
with
Mike
to
discuss
the
matter.
答案：appointment　考查词性转换。make
an
appointment意为“约会；预约”。
2．Now
that
you
have
all
your
________
(equip),
we
can
get
started.
答案：equipment　考查词性转换。句意：既然你已经拥有了所有的装备，我们可以开始了。形容词性物主代词后接名词，equipment为不可数名词。
3．Being
punctual,
we
can
avoid
________
(anxious)．
答案：anxiety　考查词性转换。句意：守时可以令我们避免焦虑。句中avoid后缺少宾语，故应填名词形式。
4．It
is
________
(absolute)
necessary
to
type
the
patient's
blood
before
a
blood
transfusion.
答案：absolutely　考查词性转换。句意：输血前测定病人的血型是绝对必要的。修饰形容词necessary应用副词形式。
5．A
good
teacher
suits
his
lessons
________
the
age
of
his
pupils.
答案：to　考查固定搭配。suit...to...意为“使……适合于……”。
6．________(panic),
she
began
to
scream.
答案：Panicking　考查分词作状语。panic与句子主语she构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。
7．It
is
widely
acknowledged
that
students
should
________
(evaluate)
in
terms
of
overall
quality.
答案：be
evaluated　考查被动语态。students与evaluate构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动语态。
8．Tom
was
badly
hurt
and
still
________
(conscious)
after
the
accident.
答案：unconscious　考查词形转换。根据句意可知，应用其反义词unconscious，意为“无意识的”。
9．Most
people
become
________
(comfortable)
when
stared
at
by
others.
答案：uncomfortable　考查词形转换。句意：大多数人当被别人注视时会感到不舒服。根据句意可知，用其反义词。
10．I
would
like
to
express
my
________
(appreciate)
and
thanks
to
you
all.
答案：appreciation　考查词性转换。由空格前的my一词可知，应填名词形式。句意：我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
1　make
one's
way
前往
It
was
not
easy
to
walk
in
these
suits,
but
we
slowly
made
our
way
to
the
edge
of
the
crater
and
looked
down
into
the
red,
boiling
centre.(P35)
穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的火山中心。
归纳拓展
make
way
for
为……让路
in
this/that
way
用这种/那种方法
on
one's
way
to
在去……的路上
feel
one's
way
摸索着前进
lose
one's
way
迷路
wind
one's
way
蜿蜒向前
force
one's
way
out
挤出去；冲出去
fight/push
one's
way
推挤着前行
语境助记
①So
long
as
you
work
hard,
you
can
make_your_way
in
life.
只要你努力工作，你的人生就会成功。
②Without
experience
in
it,
we
have
to
feel_our_way.
由于在这方面没有经验，我们只能摸索着去做。
③Could
you
mail
these
letters
on_your_way
downtown
你能在去城里的路上把这几封信寄走吗？
④She
gradually
fought_her_way
to
the
top
of
the
company.
她努力奋斗，逐渐进入公司高层。
⑤The
Great
Wall
winds_its_way
across
north
China
like
a
huge
dragon.
长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。
2　vary
from...to...
由……到……不等
The
land
varies
in
height
from
700
metres
above
sea
level
to
over
2,000
metres
and
is
home
to
a
great
diversity
of
rare
plants
and
animals.(P39)
这里地面的高度由海拔700米至2,000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地。
归纳拓展
(1)vary
from
和……不同
vary
with...
随……而变化
vary
in
size/colour
大小/颜色不一样
vary
between...and.../from...to...
由……到……情况不等；在……到……之间变动
(2)variety
n.
种类；多样化
various
adj.
各种各样的
a
variety
of＝varieties
of＝various
各种各样的
语境助记
①However,
views
on
this
issue
vary_from_person_to_person.
然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同的观点。
②Prices
of
fruit
and
vegetables
often
vary_with
the
season.
水果和蔬菜的价格常随季节而变化。
③Malaysia,
a
multiracial
and
multicultural
country,
is
famous
for
its
varieties_of
food.
马来西亚是一个多种族和多文化的国家，因多种多样的美食而闻名。
④[朗文高阶]The
T－shirts
are
available
in
a
wide
variety_of
colors.
各种颜色的T恤都有。
过关演练
选词填空
make
one's
way；
vary
from...to...；
make
efforts；
compare...with...；
make
an
appointment；
be
anxious
about；
burn
to
the
ground；
get
into
a
panic；
be
home
to；
glance
through
1．Should
I
________
with
you
for
the
next
two
days
答案：make
an
appointment
2．Jim
________
when
he
realized
he'd
forgotten
to
do
his
homework.
答案：got
into
a
panic
3．________
the
past
libraries,
today's
libraries
are
equipped
much
better.
答案：Compared
with
4．The
ages
of
the
kids
in
the
kindergarten
________
2
years
old
________
5
years
old.
答案：vary
from;
to
5．My
leg
got
hurt,
but
I
________
home.
答案：made
my
way
6．The
mother
________
his
son's
health.
答案：was
anxious
about
7．While
________
to
run
away,
she
fell
over
the
hill
and
died.
答案：making
efforts
8．The
building
was
________
last
night.
答案：burnt
to
the
ground
9．I
came
across
a
piece
of
shocking
news
when
I
was
________
the
newspaper.
答案：glancing
through
10．Attracting
senior
citizens,
Florida
________
the
largest
population
of
elder
Americans.
答案：is
home
to
It_is_said_that
this
boy，who
had
a
great
gift
for
languages
and
persuasion,
is
the
father
of
the
Manchu
people.(P39)
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。
句中It
is
said
that...为固定句式，意为“据说……”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。该结构相当于people
say
that...，还可以改成sb.
is
said
to
do
sth.结构，其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。
归纳拓展
It
is
thought
that...大家认为……
It
is
believed
that...人们相信……
It
is
reported
that...据报道……
It
is
hoped
that...人们希望……
It
is
well?known
that...众所周知……
It
is
supposed
that...据推测……
语境助记
①It_is_often_said_that
human
beings
are
naturally
equipped
to
speak.
据说人类天生就有说话的能力。②It_was_reported_that
more
than
180
people
had
been
killed
in
the
fire.
据报道，180多人在那场大火中丧生。
③It_is_believed
that
the
banks
are
to
plan
a
cut
in
interest.
人们认为银行在计划降低利率。
④It_is_said_that
the
new
mayor
will
come
into
power
next
month.
→The
new
mayor
is_said_to
come
into
power
next
month.
据说新市长下个月将上任。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It
is
well
________
(know)
that
the
Great
Wall
is
the
longest
wall
in
the
world.
答案：known　考查固定句式。It
is
(well)
known
that...意为“众所周知……”。
2．There
________
(be)
no
one
else
to
turn
to,
I
had
to
come
to
see
you.
答案：being　考查独立主格结构。句意：没有别人可以去求助，所以我不得不来找你。此处“There
being＋名词/代词”的独立主格结构作原因状语。
3．________
is
hoped
that
the
crops
will
grow
better.
答案：It　考查固定句式。句意：人们希望庄稼会长得更好些。It
is
hoped
that...意为“人们希望……”。
4．He
is
thought
________
(write)
a
novel
now.
答案：to
be
writing　考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为他现在正在写一本小说。由句意可知，该动作正在进行，故用不定式的进行式。
5．He
was
about
to
go
out
________
his
friend
called
him
up.
答案：when　考查固定句式。sb.
be
about
to
do
sth.
when...表示“某人正要做某事，这时候另一件事发生了。”
6．________
(work)
for
two
days,
Steve
managed
to
finish
his
report
on
schedule.
答案：Having
worked　考查现在分词作状语。句意：工作了两天，史蒂夫设法如期完成了他的报告。having
worked现在分词短语在句中作状语，表示分词动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．It
is
said
that
John
is
one
of
the
best
students
in
the
class.
→________________
one
of
the
best
students
in
the
class.
答案：John
is
said
to
be
2．It
is
reported
that
a
fire
broke
out
last
night.
→A
fire
is
reported
________
last
night.
答案：to
have
broken
out
现在分词作状语
1．时间状语
Walking
along
the
street,
I
met
Mary.
2．原因状语
Being
tired,
I
stopped
to
have
a
rest.
3．条件状语
Turning
to
the
left,
you'll
find
the
school.
4．让步状语
Knowing
where
I
live,
he
never
comes
to
see
me.
5．伴随状语
I
stood
there,
waiting
for
the
bus.
6．结果状语
It
rained
heavily,
causing
severe
flooding
in
the
area.
7．现在分词的完成式
①句型
②用法：v.?ing的完成式表示动作发生时间早于主句谓语动词
Having
finished
my
work,
I
went
home.
8．注意事项
①现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。
②分词短语作状语时，与主句之间不可出现并列连词。
③分词的否定形式是通过在分词前加not,
never等否定词构成。
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．[2016·天津高考]________
(hear)
her
coughing
bitterly
one
night,
I
decided
to
pull
her
from
it
all.
答案：Hearing　考查现在分词作状语。此处I与hear之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用hearing作原因状语。
2．________
(find)
the
course
very
difficult,
she
decided
to
move
to
a
lower
level.
答案：Finding　考查现在分词作状语。句意：发现这门课程很难，她决定转学难度小一些的课程。主语she与动词find之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。
3．She
works
in
a
theatre,
________
(follow)
in
her
father's
footstTIF.
答案：following　考查现在分词作状语。句意：她跟随父亲的足迹，在戏院工作。主语she与follow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词following作状语。
4．People
from
all
the
corners
came
to
the
city
center,
________
(make)
it
very
crowded.
答案：making　考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：来自各个角落的人都来到了市中心，这使市中心非常拥挤。make与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，故答案为making。
5．________(defeat)
many
times,
he
didn't
lose
heart.
答案：Having
been
defeated　考查现在分词的完成被动式作状语。句意：尽管被打败多次，但他没有气馁。defeat表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前且表示被动，故填Having
been
defeated。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·长沙一模]Evidence
of
violent
storms
that
destroyed
a
lost
town
known
as
Britain's
Atlantis
has
been
uncovered.
The
finds
were
uncovered
off
the
coast
of
Dunwich,
Suffolk—a
small
village
which
in
the
11th
century
was
one
of
the
largest
towns
in
England.
The
town
was
hit
by
a
series
of
storms
in
the
13th
and
14th
centuries
and
is
now
largely
below
the
sea.
Researchers
said
sediment
(沉积物)
gathered
from
the
cliffs
independently
proved
the
historical
record.
“They
were
like
the
south
coast
storms
of
2013,
at
least
once
a
year
for
decades，”
Professor
David
Sear,
of
the
University
of
Southampton,
said.
The
three year
research
on
Dunwich
has
been
funded
by
Touching
the
Tide,
a
￡900,000
Heritage
Lottery
Fund
plan
to
explore
the
changing
Suffolk
coast.
A
diver
used
ultrasound
(超声波)
to
“illuminate”
findings
on
the
seabed,
and
the
marshes
(沼泽)
and
eroding
cliffs
were
surveyed.
“It
offers
a
marvelous
history
of
climate
change
and
coastal
erosion，”
said
Prof.
Sear
with
regard
to
the
findings.
In
the
11th
century,
Dunwich
was
the
10th
largest
town
in
England,
but
now
has
about
120
residents.
Two
great
storms
in
1286
and
1326
resulted
in
the
loss
of
its
harbour
and
started
its
decline.
Prof.
Sear
said
analysis
showed
how
people
gave
up
on
Dunwich
after
1338,
when
another
great
storm
choked
up
the
port
for
good,
and
food
production
declined.
“Sediment
gathered
from
the
cliffs，”
he
said,
“independently
confirmed
the
sequences
of
storms
recorded
in
the
historical
record.”
The
underwater
research
has
been
carried
out
using
acoustic
(声音的)
imaging
technology,
and
has
unearthed
a
series
of
buildings.
We
found
the
ruins
of
about
four
churches
and
we've
also
found
ruins
of
what
we
think
was
a
toll
house.
We've
also
found
shipwrecks
(沉船),
which
no
one's
known
before.
A
dig
in
2015
discovered
evidence
of
Dunwich's
prehistoric
origins,
as
well
as
evidence
that
it
was
a
prosperous
Saxon
port,
prior
to
its
rapid
growth
following
the
Norman
invasion.
Bill
Jenman,
from
Touching
the
Tide,
said，“We
found
loads
of
pottery,
a
lot
more
than
we've
found
before,
sort
of
High
Medieval—the
peak
of
the
wealth
of
Dunwich.
We
know
it
was
a
fairly
major
town
in
the
Anglo Saxon
period.”
篇章导读：本文讲述了研究人员发现了英国一个衰落的小镇“Dunwich”被猛烈的暴风雨摧毁的新证据。
1．Evidence
shows
that
Dunwich
declined
in
history
due
to________.
A．the
rise
of
sea
level
B．sediment
from
the
cliff
C．the
Norman
invasion
D．a
series
of
storms
答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
town
was
hit
by
a
series
of
storms
in
the
13th
and
14th
centuries
and
is
now
largely
below
the
sea”可知，这个小镇是被暴风雨摧毁的。
2．What
can
be
learned
from
the
text
about
Dunwich's
present
condition
A．It
is
completely
below
the
sea.
B．It
still
exists
with
about
120
residents.
C．It
is
still
hit
by
storms
every
year.
D．It
is
still
an
important
port
in
England.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据第八段中的“In
the
11th
century,
Dunwich
was
the
10th
largest
town
in
England,
but
now
has
about
120
residents”可知，此地现在只有大约120名居民。故答案为B。
3．With
the
help
of
modern
equipment,
the
researchers
have
found
all
the
following
things
underwater
EXCEPT
________.
A．shipwrecks
unknown
before
B．ruins
of
churches
and
other
buildings
C．the
seabed
that
was
like
a
busy
harbour
D．lots
of
pottery
dating
back
to
the
Anglo Saxon
period
答案：D　细节理解题。根据最后三段的内容可知，A、B、C三项均属实，只有选项D中的“Anglo Saxon
period.”不正确。
4．From
the
discoveries,
we
can
conclude
that
________.
A．Dunwich
was
thoroughly
ruined
by
the
Norman
invaders
B．no
one
believed
those
ships
could
have
sunk
at
Dunwich
C．Dunwich
was
a
prosperous
town
before
its
decline
D．no
historical
records
about
Dunwich
were
kept
after
1338
答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“We
know
it
was
a
fairly
major
town
in
the
Anglo Saxon
period.”可推知，在衰落之前，它是一个繁荣的城镇。
1．uncover
vt.
发现
2．historical
adj.
(有关)历史的
3．fund
vt./n.
为……提供资金/基金
4．marvelous
adj.
极好的；非凡的
5．decline
n．/v.
衰落；减少/下降；拒绝
1．result
in
导致
2.loads
of
大量；许多
B
[2017·安徽检测]The
UN
weather
agency
warned
on
Tuesday
there
was
a
good
chance
of
an
“El
Nino”
climate
phenomenon
in
the
Pacific
Ocean
this
year,
bringing
droughts
(干旱)
and
heavy
rainfall
to
the
rest
of
the
world.
The
world
Meteorological
(气象的)
Organization
(WMO)
said
its
modeling
suggested
a
“fairly
large
potential
for
an
El
Nino,
most
likely
by
the
end
of
the
second
quarter
of
2016”．
The
El
Nino
phenomenon
occurs
every
two
to
seven
years,
when
the
trade
winds
that
circulate
surface
water
in
the
tropical
(热带的)
Pacific
start
to
weaken.
WMO
pointed
out
Tuesday
that
since
last
December,
trade
winds
had
weakened
and
there
had
been
a
significant
warming
of
the
waters
below
the
surface
in
the
central
Pacific.
“While
there
is
no
guarantee
this_situation
will
lead
to
an
El
Nino
event,
the
longer
the
trade
winds
remain
weakened,
and
subsurface
temperatures
stay
significantly
warmer
than
average,
the
higher
chances
are，”
it
said.
Two
thirds
of
climate
models
predicted
that
the
phenomenon
would
begin
sometime
between
June
and
August,
with
one fifth
suggesting
it
could
start
as
early
as
May,
and
the
remaining
predicting
no
El
Nino
this
year,
it
said.
It
is
often
followed
by
a
return
swing
of
La
Nina,
which
is
characterized
by
unusually
cool
ocean
surface
temperatures
in
the
central
and
eastern
tropical
Pacific.
“El
Nino
has
an
important
warming
effect
on
global
average
temperatures，”
Jarraud
cautioned,
stressing
that
combined
with
warming
from
greenhouse
gases
such
events
had
“the
potential
to
cause
a
sharp
rise
in
global
average
temperature”．
篇章导读：本文是一篇报道，周二联合国气象机构发出警告：今年太平洋很有可能出现厄尔尼诺现象。
5．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
first
two
paragraphs
that
________.
A．a
weather
agency
warned
an
“El
Nino”
would
appear
on
Tuesday
B．WMO
showed
an
El
Nino
would
probably
happen
by
June
in
2016
C．an
El
Nino
would
bring
heavy
rainfall
to
the
Pacific
Ocean
D．The
phenomenon
of
El
Nino
happens
every
seven
years
答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段提到的“The
UN
weather
agency
warned
on
Tuesday
there
was
a
good
chance
of
an
“El
Nino”
climate
phenomenon
in
the
Pacific
Ocean
this
year,
bringing
droughts
(干旱)
and
heavy
rainfall
to
the
rest
of
the
world...by
the
end
of
the
second
quarter
of
2016”可知，周二联合国气象机构警告说，今年太平洋很有可能出现厄尔尼诺现象，给世界其他地区带来干旱和暴雨天气，并可能发生在第二季度末。故选B项。
6．What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“this
situation”
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to
A．Cool
ocean
surface
temperatures
in
the
central
and
eastern
tropical
Pacific.
B．A
significant
warming
of
the
waters
below
the
surface
in
the
central
Pacific.
C．Trade
winds
that
circulate
surface
water
in
the
Pacific.
D．Heavy
rainfall
in
different
areas
all
over
the
world.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...there
had
been
a
significant
warming
of...”以及第四段提到的“While
there
is
no
guarantee
this
situation
will
lead
to
an
El
Nino
event,
the
longer
the
trade
winds
remain
weakened,
and
subsurface
temperatures
stay
significantly
warmer
than
average,
the
higher
chances
are，”可知，this
situation是在与第三段形成呼应，指的是太平洋中央表面下水温变暖。故选B项。
7．According
to
the
text,
what
might
be
the
percentage
of
no
“El
Nino”
this
year
A．13%.
B．20%.
C．67%.
D．87%.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段提到“Two
thirds
of
climate
models
predicted
that
the
phenomenon
would
begin
sometime
between
June
and
August,
with
one fifth
suggesting
it
could
start
as
early
as
May,
and
the
remaining
predicting
no
El
Nino
this
year,
it
said.”可知，三分之二的气候模型预测这种现象将出现在今年六月至八月间，有五分之一的显示它可能从五月开始，剩下的预测今年不会出现此现象。故选A项。
1．phenomenon
n.
现象
2．potential
n．/adj.
潜力/有潜力的
3．significant
adj.
意义重大的；显著的
4．guarantee
n．/vt.
保证
5．characterize
vt.
以……为特征；以……为典型
1．have
an
effect
on
对……有影响
2．combine
with
使结合；组合
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most
of
you
love
watching
movies.
They
can
be
funny,
sad,
imaginative,
inspiring,
and
so
much
more!
There
are
so
many
possibilities
and
so
many
great
movies
to
watch!
The
making
of
a
movie
usually
begins
with
a
script
(剧本).
__1__
The
producer
is
the
person
who
is
responsible
for
coordinating
(协调)
aspects
of
the
film
like
budget
and
scheduling.
The
producer
plans
out
how
the
project
will
be
carried
out
and
he
usually
starts
by
hiring
a
director!
__2__
The
director
will
usually
identify
themes
or
feelings
that
he
or
she
wants
the
movie
to
convey
to
its
audience
and
will
then
assemble
(聚集)
all
the
other
people
who
will
be
needed,
such
as
costume designers,
makeup
artists,
special
effects
crew,
stuntmen,
cameramen,
and,
of
course,
actors!
Next,
shooting
begins!
__3__
Often
a
director
will
want
to
get
several
“takes”
(versions)
of
a
scene
or
moment
and
usually
only
a
few
minutes
of
the
movie
are
finished
in
one
day's
work.
__4__
So
once
filming
is
completed,
the
director
must
then
work
with
editors
to
piece
them
all
together,
deciding
which
takes
to
use
and
adding
in
any
special
effects
or
touch ups.
The
entire
process
from
acquiring
the
script
to
editing
the
scenes
generally
takes
months
or
even
years!
Once
it's
ready,
the
finished
movie
is
then
distributed
to
movie
theatres.
__5__
A．Scenes
are
also
usually
not
shot
in
order.
B．The
actual
filming
can
be
a
slow
process.
C．The
way
that
movies
are
made
has
changed
a
lot
over
time.
D．It
gets
bought
by
a
movie
studio
or
a
producer.
E．The
producer
plays
a
very
important
role
in
making
a
movie.
F．In
movies,
the
director's
job
is
to
bring
the
script
to
life
on
camera.
G．People
can
watch
and
enjoy
it
in
the
theatre.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文中简要讲述了电影从剧本到拍摄再到后期制作的整个过程。
1．D　根据空格前的．..begins
with
a
script(剧本)以及空格后的The
producer再结合选项D中的代词It及producer可知，此处应选D。
2．F　根据下文讲述的内容可知，此空概括全段的主旨大意，核心内容与导演的工作有关。
3．B　根据“shooting
begins！”及下文内容可知，该段讲述的是拍摄电影的缓慢过程，又因为选项B中filming意思与shooting相近。故选B项。
4．A　根据空格后面讲述的拍摄完后进行后期制作可知，该空与拍摄场景有关。故答案是A项。
5．G　电影拍摄过程及制作结束后，最后应该是由观众来观赏。故选G项。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2016·四川高考]The
giant
panda
__1__
(love)
by
people
throughout
the
world.
Chinese
scientists
__2__
(recent)
had
a
chance
to
study
a
wild
female
panda
with
a
newborn
baby.
She
was
a
very
__3__
(care)
mother.
For
25
days,
she
never
left
her
baby,
not
even
to
find
something
__4__
(eat)!
She
would
not
let
any
other
pandas
come
near.
She
licked
the
baby
constantly
to
keep
it
clean.
Any
smell
might
attract
natural
__5__
(enemy)
that
would
try
to
eat
the
little
panda.
The
mother
held
the
baby
in
her
front
paws
much
the
way
a
human
does.
__6__
it
cried,
she
rocked
it
back
and
forth
and
gave
it
little
comforting
pats.
The
mother
continued
to
care
for
the
young
panda
__7__
more
than
two
years.
By
that
time,
the
panda
no
longer
needed
__8__
(it)
mother
for
food.
However,
it
stayed
with
her
and
learn ed
about
the
ways
of
the
forest.
Then,
after
two
and
a
half
years,
the
mother
__9__
(drive)
the
young
panda
away.
It
was
time
for
her
to
have
a
new
baby,
__10__
it
was
also
time
for
the
young
panda
to
be
independent.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：中国科学家有机会研究了一只野生大熊猫养育熊猫宝宝的过程。小熊猫出生以后，熊猫妈妈片刻不离，悉心照顾孩子；两年以后，小熊猫跟妈妈学习生存技巧；两年半以后，小熊猫离开妈妈独立生活。
1．is
loved　考查动词的时态和语态。大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢是事实，应该用一般现在时；panda和love之间是被动关系，故答案是is
loved。
2．recently　考查词性转换。此处需用时间副词recently意为“最近，近来”。
3．caring/careful　考查词性转换。mother是名词，需要用形容词来修饰，结合下文可知，答案为caring/careful。
4．to
eat　考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。
5．enemies　考查名词复数。enemy为可数名词，天敌有多种，因此应用复数形式。
6．When/If　考查连词。此处引导状语从句，根据句意可知，当熊猫宝宝哭的时候/如果熊猫宝宝哭，熊猫妈妈会轻摇并轻拍它。故填When/If。
7．for　考查介词。设空处后边的“more
than
two
years”是一段时间，故用介词for。
8．its　考查物主代词。设空处是指“它的”，故用its。
9．drove　考查动词的时态。此处指熊猫妈妈把小熊猫从身边赶走，此事已经发生，故用一般过去时。
10．and　考查连词。句意：这是她再要一个宝宝的时候了，也是小熊猫该独立的时候了。空格前后为并列关系，故用and。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
近日，你们班就“学校每天清晨开展冬季跑操活动”进行了一次讨论。请根据以下内容，给学校英文报编辑写一篇短文：
支持(大部分)：增强体质；磨炼意志；放松自我……
反对(少数)：单调；天气寒冷；学业繁重……
你的观点：……
注意：1.词数100左右(开头已写好，不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Recently
our
class
had
a
heated
discussion
about
the
Winter
Morning
Jogging
Activity
in
our
school.　
[标准范文]
Recently_our_class_had_a_heated_discussion_about_the_Winter_Morning_Jogging_Activity_in_our_school.
Opinions
are
divided
on
this
topic.
Most
students
are
in
favor
of
this
activity.
They
believe
that
the
activity
in
winter
can
not
only
help
improve
physical
health
but
develop
a
strong
will.
Besides,
it's
a
good
way
to
relieve
stress.
On
the
other
hand,
a
minority
of
the
students
are
opposed
to
it.
They
think
the
activity
is
too
dull.
In
addition,
there
is
so
much
heavy
study
and
it's
so
cold
outside
that
they
would
rather
stay
in
the
classroom
to
study.
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
I
support
the
activity
because
it
benefits
us
greatly.
The
modern
society
requires
many
qualities
of
us,
so
bookworms
can't
keep
up
with
the
times
any
longer.话题素材——诗歌
好词
1.description
n.
描述；描写
2.romantic
adj.
浪漫的
3.poetry
n.
诗(总称)
4.rhyme
n.
韵；押韵
5.realistic
adj.
现实主义的；现实的
6.express
feelings/emotions
表达感情
7.translate
into
翻译成
8.convey
information
传达信息
9.in
a
free
form
以自由体的形式
10.be_popular_with
受……欢迎
11.compare...to...
把……比作……
12.give
sb.
a
deep
impression
给某人一个深刻的印象
13.be
of
great
importance
非常重要
14.seek
after
寻求；追求
15.think
highly/well
of
对……高度评价
佳句
1.I
hold_the_view_that
if
we
students
want
to
know
as
many
great
works
of
literature
as
we
can,
we
had
better
read
the
original
work.
我认为我们学生如果想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，最好还是读原著。
2.We
are_always_finding
new
beauties
in
Shakespeare's
poetry.
我们不断地在莎士比亚的诗歌中发现美妙之处。
3.I
benefit
a
great
deal
from
reading.
阅读使我受益匪浅。
[精美语篇]
Dear
Wendy，
I'm
so
glad
to
receive
your
letter.
And
it
is
really
a
coincidence
that
you
asked
me
about
the
Tang
poems,
and
I
just
have
learnt
something
about
them.
The
Tang
poems
are
various
in
forms
and
subjects.
Generally
speaking,
they
can
be
divided
into
two
groups—classical
poems
and
modern
poems.
Not
only
the
length
of
a
line
but
also
the
length
of
a
poem
is
limited
to
a
certain
number
of
words.
There
are
often
four
or
eight
or
twelve
lines
with
five
or
seven
words
in
each
line.
Poets
wrote
poems
for
different
purposes,
for
example,
exposing
the
darkness
of
the
society
and
describing
the
beautiful
scenes.
There
were
many
famous
poets
during
the
Tang
Dynasty,
such
as
Li
Bai,
Du
Fu
and
Bai
Juyi.
If
you
want
to
read
more,
the
book
300
Tang
Poems
is
a
good
choice,
which
includes
poems
of
many
well known
poets.
After
reading
them,
you
will
have
a
better
understanding
of
the
Tang
poems.
Yours
sincerely，
Zhang
Wei
高频单词
1．poetry
(n.)
诗(总称)；诗意→poet
(n.)
诗人→poem
(n.)
诗；韵文
2．concrete
(adj.)
具体的→abstract
(adj.)
(反义词)抽象的
3．flexible
(adj.)
灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的→flexibly
(adv.)
灵活地
4．tease
(vt.
&
vi.)
取笑；戏弄；招惹→teasing
(adj.)
嘲笑的
5．salty
(adj.)
含盐的；咸的→salt
(n.)
盐
6．endless
(adj.)
无穷的；无止境的→end
(v.&n.)
结束；终止
7．minimum
(n.)
最低限度；最少量；最小数→maximum
(n.)
(反义词)最大限度；最大量；最大数
8．translation
(n.)
翻译；译文→translate
(v.)
翻译→translator
(n.)
翻译的人；译者
9．eventually
(adv.)
最后；终于→finally
(adv.)
(同义词)
10．transform
(vt.
&
vi.)
转化；转换；改造；变换→transformation
(n.)
转化；转换
11．sorrow
(n.)
悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowful
(adj.)
悲伤的
12．bare
(adj.)
赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的(n.)
最基本的要素→barely
(adv.)
仅仅；几乎不
13．appropriate
(adj.)
适当的；正当的→appropriately
(adv.)
适当地；正当地
14．exchange
(vt.
&
vi.)
调换；交换(n.)
交换；交流→exchangeable
(adj.)
可调换的
15．warmth
(n.)
暖和；温暖→warm
(adj.)
暖和的
16．convey
(vt.)传达；运送→conveyor(n.)传送者；传输装置
17．transform
(vi.
&
vt.)转化；转换；改造；变换→transformation
(n.)变化；转化
18．contradictory
(adj.)引起矛盾的；好反驳的→contradict
(v.)反驳；与……发生矛盾→contradiction
(n.)抵触；矛盾；矛盾的说法
重点短语
1．make_sense　　　有意义；说得通
2．stay_up
熬夜，不睡觉；挺立
3．take_it_easy
轻松；不紧张；从容
4．run_out_of
用完
5．be_made_up_of
由……构成
6．in_particular
尤其；特别
7．go_for_a_hike
去远足
8．try_out
测试；试验
9．let_out
发出；放走
10．make_a_list_of
列……的清单；列……的一览表
11．be_popular_with
流行；受……欢迎
12．on_fire
着火；在燃烧
13．by_chance
偶然地
14．hold_on
不挂断
热点句型
1．while
“然而”表对比
Some
rhyme
(like
B)
while_others_do_not
(然而有些不是这样)
(like
C)．(教材P10)
2．状语从句的省略
And
said
though_strange
(虽然奇怪)
they
all
were
true.(教材P10)
3．省略if的虚拟条件句
Should_the_traveller_return
(旅行者如果归来),
this
stone
would
utter
speech.(教材P11)
4．with的复合结构作状语
With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from
(有如此多不同类型的诗可以选择),
students
may
eventually
want
to
write
poems
of
their
own.(教材P11)
5．way作先行词引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语时关系词有三种：in
which/that/省略；若从句中缺主语或宾语，常用that或which
Some
poems
tell
a
story
or
describe
something
in
a
way
that_will_give__the_reader_a_strong_impression
(给读者深刻印象的)．(教材P10)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．There
are
various
reasons
________
people
write
poetry.
答案：why
2．We
would
have
won
if
Jack
________(score)
that
goal.
答案：had
scored
3．By
________
(play)
with
the
words
in
nursery
rhymes,
children
learn
about
language.
答案：playing
4．Who
can
predict
________
painting
styles
there
will
be
in
the
future
答案：what
5．Another
simple
form
of
poem
that
students
can
easily
write
is
the
cinquain,
a
poem
________
(make)
up
of
five
lines.
答案：made
6．It
is
not
a
traditional
form
of
English
poetry,
but
is
very
popular
________
English
writers.
答案：with
7．A
lot
of
Tang
poetry
has
been
translated
________
English.
答案：into
8．Haiku
is
a
Japanese
form
of
poetry
________
is
made
up
of
17
syllables.
答案：which/that
9．It
is
________
(easy)
than
you
might
think
and
certainly
worth
a
try!
答案：easier
10．It
is
easy
to
write
and,
like
the
cinquain,
can
give
a
clear
picture
and
create
a
special
feeling
________
(use)
the
minimum
of
words.
答案：using
1　convey　vt.传达；表达；运送；传导；传播
Others
try
to
convey
certain
emotions.
(P10)
而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。
归纳拓展
convey
sth.
to
sb.
向某人表达/传递某事物
convey
sb./sth.
from
A
to
B
把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
convey
one's
appreciation
to
sb.
for
sth.
因某事向某人表示感谢
convey
one's
feelings/meanings/sorrow/message
表达某人的感情/意思/难过/信息
语境助记
①[2016·浙江高考]The
do's
and
don'ts
conveyed
through
gossip
will
never
show
up
in
any
student
handbook.
通过流言传递的该做的和不该做的行为准则决不会在任何学生的手册中出现。
②This
ship
conveys_oil_from
the
Middle
East
to
Europe.
这艘船从中东运输石油到欧洲。
③I
find
it
hard
to
convey_my_feelings
in
words.
我发现很难用言语表达我的感情。
2　transform　vt.&
vi.转化；转换；改造；变换
Never
looking
back,
Transformed
into
stone.(P11)
化为石，不回头。
归纳拓展
(1)transform....into...把……转换成……
transform
into
转化成；改造为
be
transformed
from...into...由……变成……；由……迁到……
(2)transformation
n.
改变；转变；变革
make
a/the
transformation
转变；改变
语境助记
①Every
moment
of
every
day,
energy
is_being_transformed_from
one
form
into
another.
每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式转换成另一种形式。
②It
is
high
time
that
the
old
educational
systems
were_transformed/should_be_transformed.
到了变换旧的教育体制的时候了。
③It
is
a
surprise
that
the
faraway
village
has_been_transformed_into
a
famous
city
in
only
ten
years.
令人惊讶的是仅仅在十年内，那个遥远的小山村就变成了一座著名的城市。
④The
way
in
which
we
work
has
experienced
a
complete
transformation
in
the
past
decade.
在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。
3　exchange　n．交换；交流；互换　vt.&
vi.交换；调换
If
there
had
not
been
an
exchange
programme,
he
would
not
have
found
a
sponsor
to
help
him
study
abroad.
(P13)
如果以前没有交换学生的项目，他不会找到资助人赞助他出国。
归纳拓展
(1)make
an
exchange
交换
in
exchange
for
交换……
(2)exchange
sth.
with
sb.
与某人交换某物
exchange
A
for
B
把A换成B
exchange
ideas
交流思想
语境助记
①I'm
very
happy
to
learn
that
you
will
come
to
our
school
next
term
as
an_exchange_student.
得知你下学期将作为一名交换生来我们学校我非常高兴。
②I
gave
her
a
sweater
in_exchange_for
a
skirt.
我给了她一件毛衣换了一件裙子。
③I'd
like
to
exchange
some
pounds
for
dollars.
我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。
④We
students
should
often
exchange_ideas_with
our
parents,
who
are
rich
in
experience,
and
above
all,
love
us
most
in
the
world.
我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见，他们经验丰富，而且最重要的是，他们是这个世界上最爱我们的人。
⑤I
shook
hands
and
exchanged
a
few
words
with
the
manager.
我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。
图解助记
4　load　n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)　vt.&
vi.装载；给……负荷；加重
Slowly
the
old
man
carries
his
load.
(P16)
那位老人慢慢地挑起担子。
归纳拓展
(1)take
a
load
off
one's
mind
卸下重担；如释重负
a
load
of＝loads
of
大量；许多
(2)load
sth./sb.
with
sth.
用某事物装载某物/某人；使某物/某人负担某事物
load
sth.
into/onto
sb./sth.
把某事物装到某人/某物；使某人/某物负担……
be
loaded
with
装满；充满
(3)unload
vt.
&
vi.(从车上)卸货
overload
vt.
&
n．超载
upload/download
vt.上传/下载
语境助记
①The
workers
loaded
the
truck
with
bananas.
＝The
workers
loaded
bananas
onto/into
the
truck.
工人们把香蕉装上卡车。
②Your
paper
is_loaded_with
spelling
mistakes.
你的试卷满是拼写错误。
③There
are
loads_of
great
places
to
see
in
Australia.在澳大利亚有很多值得一看的好地方。
④What
he
said
took_a_load_off
my
mind
last
evening.
昨天晚上他的一席话打消了我的顾虑。
⑤It
is
a
heavy
load
for
him
to
support
a
family
of
five.
So
he
has
to
do
loads_of
things,
loading
and
unloading
trucks
and
so
on.
Luckily
his
two
sons
have
found
jobs,
which
has
taken_a_load_off_his_mind.
对他来说，养活一个五口之家是一个沉重负担。因此他不得不做很多事，装卸货车等。幸运的是他的两个儿子已找到工作，这使他如释重负。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．She
helps
transform
literature
________
braille.
答案：into　考查固定短语。transform...into...“把……转换成……”。句意：她帮助把文学作品转换为盲文。
2．She
was
________(warm)
welcomed
when
she
came
to
see
us.
答案：warmly　考查词性转换。be
warmly
welcomed
“受到热烈欢迎”。
3．She
published
her
first
short
story
at
the
age
of
fifteen,
which
has
________
(translate)
into
forty
languages.
答案：been
translated　考查被动语态。be
translated
into“被翻译成”。
4．As
a
matter
of
fact,
employees
expect
to
work
________(flexible)
in
the
workplace.
答案：flexibly　考查词性转换。flexibly此处修饰动词work。
5．The
exhibition
________(sponsor)
by
the
Society
of
Culture
was
a
success.
答案：sponsored　考查过去分词短语作后置定语。此处sponsored
by
the
Society
of
Culture作后置定语，修饰exhibition。
6．It
gave
him
a
feeling
of
________
(warm)
and
made
him
feel
that
they
were
at
home
at
last.
答案：warmth　考查词性转换。a
feeling
of
warmth
“一种温暖的感觉”。
7．It
was
dark
in
the
room
and
we
couldn't
see
much
at
first,
but
after
a
few
minutes
our
eyes
got
used
to
the
________(dark)．
答案：darkness　考查词性转换。got
used
to
the
darkness
“适应了黑暗的环境”。
8．The
message
________
(convey)
here
is
clear：“Actions
speak
louder
than
words.”
答案：conveyed　考查过去分词作后置定语。过去分词作后置定语修饰message，表示被动。句意：这里传达的信息很清楚，就是“事实胜于雄辩”。
9．The
desk
was
loaded
________
toys,
pictures
and
other
things.
答案：with　考查固定短语。句意：书桌上堆满了玩具、图片和其他东西。be
loaded
with
“装满……”。
10．Would
you
like
my
old
TV
in
exchange
________
this
camera
答案：for　考查固定短语。in
exchange
for
“交换”。
1　take
it
easy
轻松；不紧张；从容
We
would
have
won...if
we
hadn't
taken
it
easy.(P10)
我们本来会夺冠……，如果我们没有放松警惕。
归纳拓展
take
one's
time
别着急；慢慢来
take...seriously
重视……；严肃对待……
take
one's
chance
碰运气
take...for
granted
认为……理所当然
语境助记
①—I'm
sorry
I
made
a
mistake!
——很抱歉，我犯了一个错误！
—Take_it_easy.
Nobody
is
perfect.
——别紧张，没有人是完美的。
②[牛津高阶]There's
no
rush—take_your_time.
别着急，慢慢来。
③Don't
joke
with
Linda;
she
takes
everything
far
too
seriously.
不要和琳达开玩笑，她对待每件事都过于认真。
④Some
of
us
always
take_it_for_granted
that
our
parents
or
grandparents
should
take
care
of
us.
我们中的有些人理所当然地认为父母或者祖父母应该照顾我们。
2　run
out
of
用完；用尽(主语是人)；从……跑出去
We
would
have
won...if
we
hadn't
run
out
of
energy.(P10)
我们本来会夺冠……，如果我们没有精疲力竭。
归纳拓展
(1)run
out
(某物)耗尽；跑出来(去)
run
away
逃跑；跑开
run
across
偶然碰见
run
after
追赶；追逐
run
into
撞到……上；碰到；遇上；跑进
(2)in
the
long/short
run
从长远/短期来看(run为名词)
语境助记
①I
am_running_out_of
petrol.
I
must
find
a
gas
station
before
it
runs_out.
我的汽油快用完了，我得趁它还没用完前找到加油站。
②Look!
The
boy
is
running_after
a
duck.
看！这个男孩正在追赶一只鸭子。
③I
ran_across
an
old
friend
last
week.
上星期我偶然碰见了一个老朋友。
易混辨析
run
out
of
及物动词短语，主语一般为人，表示主动意义
run
out
不及物动词短语，主语一般是物(时间、金钱、食物等)，相当于give
out
give
out
不及物动词短语，也可以表示人的力气用完或者人筋疲力尽
use
up
及物动词短语，相当于run
out
of
④The
paint
has
been
used_up
and
I
have
to
go
and
buy
some.油漆用完了，我得去买些回来。
⑤He
didn't
wait
there
long
before
his
patience
gave_out.他在那里没等多久，就没有了耐心。
3　let
out
发出(声音)；泄露(秘密)；放走；释放；放宽(衣服)
Slowly
the
blackbird
lets
out
a
cry.
(P16)
那只乌鹂慢慢地发出一声叫声。
归纳拓展
let
alone
更不用说
let
sb.
be
不干涉某人；不打扰某人
let
down
放下；放低；(使人)失望
let
go
放开；松手
let
in
允许进入；容许；许可
语境助记
①He
let_out
a
cry
of
disbelief.
他突然大叫了一声，表示自己无法相信。
②When
someone
has
deeply
hurt
you,
it
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
let_go
of
your
hate.
当某个人深深地伤害了你，想忘掉心中的恨是很难的。
③We
didn't
know
at
that
time
there
even
was
an
environment,
let_alone
that
there
was
a
problem
with
it.
在那个时候我们根本不知道环境，更不用说知道环境有问题。
④The
glass
doors
have
taken
the
place
of
the
wooden
ones
at
the
entrance,
letting_in
the
natural
light
during
the
day.
入口处的玻璃门已取代了木门，在白天好让自然光照进来。
⑤I'm
counting
on
you
to
support
me—don't
let_me_down!
我指望你支持我呢——别让我失望！
过关演练
选词填空
in
particular；
try
out；
be
made
up
of；
let
out；
in
exchange
for；
run
out
of；
take
it
easy；
make
sense；
hold
on；
stay
up
1．I
used
to
________
late
with
my
mom
and
watch
movies.
答案：stay
up
2．If
we
continue
to
destroy
and
waste
the
natural
resources
like
this，we
will
________
them
sooner
or
later.
答案：run
out
of
3．________.It
isn't
so
bad
as
you
expected.
答案：Take
it
easy
4．He
accidentally
________
that
he
hadn't
been
home
for
three
weeks.
答案：let
out
5．They
work
all
day
________
food
and
shelter.
答案：in
exchange
for
6．There
were
several
reasons
contributing
to
the
problem,
not
any
one
________.
答案：in
particular
7．His
brother's
example
inspired
him
to
________
for
the
football
team.
答案：try
out
8．Society
________
a
variety
of
people;
some
are
good,
others
bad,
and
still
others
in
between.
答案：is
made
up
of
9．How
long
do
you
think
we
can________？
答案：hold
on
10．This
passage
just
didn't
________
to
me,
no
matter
how
I
read
it.
答案：make
sense
1　With
so_many_different_forms_of_poetry
to_choose_from,_students
may
eventually
want
to
write
poems
of
their
own.(P11)
有这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗了。
句中的with
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
choose
from为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示原因。with的复合结构还可表时间、方式、伴随等。
归纳拓展
(1)with＋宾语＋doing
(doing表主动或正在进行的动作)
(2)with＋宾语＋done
(done表被动或已完成的动作)
(3)with＋宾语＋to
do
(to
do表示将来的动作)
(4)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]With
all
she
had
been
through
in
her
ten
years,
this
was
the
hour
of
true
triumph
(成功)．
经过了十年的努力，她终于到了真正成功的时候。
②She
would
open
a
book,
pretending
to
read,
with_tears_dropping
on
the
open
page.
她打开一本书，假装要读书，眼泪却落在打开的书页上。
③John
received
an
invitation
to
dinner,
and
with_his_work_finished,_he
gladly
accepted
it.
约翰被邀吃饭，工作完成后，他愉快地接受了这份邀请。
④With
ten
minutes
to_go,_you'd
better
hurry.
还有10分钟，你最好快点。
⑤With
more
and
more
trees
cut_down,_some
animals
are
facing
the
danger
of
dying
out.
由于越来越多的树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
2　Some
rhyme
(like
B)
while
others
do
not
(like
C)．(P10)
有些诗押韵(如B)，而有些诗不押韵(如C)。
句中while用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比，相当于whereas，译作“而，可是”。此外，while还有其他含义。
归纳拓展
(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
(2)引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管，虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。
(3)引导条件状语从句，相当于as
long
as，意为“只要”。
(4)while用作名词，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]While
we
were
eating,
Kurt
asked
me,
“John,
what
is
your
plan
for
personal
growth？”
在我们吃饭的时候，库尔特问我，“约翰，你的个人成长计划是什么？”
②While_she_is_a_lovely_girl,_she
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
work
with
sometimes.
她虽然是个可爱的姑娘，但有时却极难与其共事。
③While
there
is
life,
there
is
hope.
只要生命存在，就会有希望。
④Please
don't
talk
so
loudly
while_others_are_working.
别人工作时请不要大声说话。
⑤She
likes
to
lie
down
for_a_while
after
lunch.
她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Why
are
some
people
happy
and
successful
________
others
aren't
答案：while　考查并列连词。while在此意为“而；然而”，表示对比。句意：为什么一些人既快乐又成功，而其他人却不是呢？
2．At
a
party,
my
coach,
________
a
biscuit
in
his
mouth,
asked
surprisingly
who
made
them.
答案：with　考查with复合结构。句意：一次聚会上，我的教练嘴里含着一块饼干，惊喜地问是谁做的这些饼干。
3．While
________
(eat),
she
would
even
turn
her
back
to
me.答案：eating　考查现在分词作状语。句意：吃着(胡萝卜)时，她(土拨鼠)甚至会背朝着我。she与eat之间为主动关系，且eat与主句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，故填现在分词的一般式。
4．With
a
lot
of
homework
________
(do),
I
can't
watch
TV.
答案：to
do　考查with的复合结构。with复合结构在句中作原因状语，to
do表示将来的动作。句意：因为有许多作业要做，我不能看电视。
5．The
reason
________
he
failed
the
English
exam
was
________
he
didn't
learn
it
well.
答案：why;
that　考查固定句式。句意：他英语考试不及格的原因是他没学好。The
reason
why...was
that...“……的原因是……”，其中reason为先行词，定语从句由why引导，that引导表语从句。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．With
a
local
guide
________________
the
way,
we
got
there
easily.
有当地向导带路，我们很容易就到了那里。
答案：leading
2．He
could
catch
many
fish
________________
I
couldn't
catch
anything.
他能够抓住很多鱼然而我却什么都抓不到。
答案：while
3．With
the
problem
________________，
we
went
on
smoothly.
问题解决了，我们进展得很顺利。
答案：solved
虚拟语气(Ⅱ)
虚拟语气的特殊句型
1．wish的宾语从句
I
wish
I
were
a
flying
bird.
I
wish
I
hadn't
made
such
a
mistake.
2．would
rather＋从句
I
would
rather
you
paid
me
now.
I
would
rather
you
came
tomorrow.
3．as
if/though＋从句
She
loves
the
baby
as
if
it
were
her
own
son.
I
remember
the
whole
thing
as
if
it
had
happened
yesterday.
4．It's
(about/high)
time
that＋
It's
high
time
that
5．表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可省，此类动词有：
一个坚持：insist
二个命令：order,
command
三个建议：suggest,
advise,
propose
四个要求：demand,
desire,
require,
request
We
suggested
that
Tom
(should)
have
a
rest.
名师点睛
(1)若suggest,
insist不表“建议”，“坚决/执意要求(某人做某事)”时，而表示“暗示、表明”，“坚持认为”时，宾语从句不用虚拟而用陈述语气。
He
insisted
that
she
was
seriously
ill
and
that
she
(should)
be
sent
to
hospital
at
once.
His
pale
face
suggested
that
he
was
ill.
(2)若以上动词的名词形式构成名词性从句，即主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，仍旧使用虚拟语气。
My
demand
is
that
she
(should)
come
to
see
me
once
a
week.
6．without,
but
for构成虚拟语气，其主句同if引导的虚拟语气的主句形式
Without
sunlight,
people's
life
would
be
different
from
today.
But
for
your
help,
I
wouldn't
have
finished
my
work.
7．if
only...
“要是……就好了”
If
only
we
had
followed
your
advice!
8．It's
necessary/strange/natural/important/a
pity/no
wonder/impossible＋that从句
主语从句中谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略
It's
strange
that
she
(should)
refuse
to
come
to
the
party.
9.
There
was
plenty
of
time;
she
needn't
have
hurried.
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．We
often
hear
that
children
wish
they
________(be)
grown ups,
and
that
old
people
wish
to
be
young.
答案：were　考查对现在情况的假设。句意：我们经常听说孩子们希望长大，而老人希望年轻。wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气。此处表示对现在情况的假设，故用一般过去时，因此本题答案为were。
2．It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
________
(do)
it
答案：had
done　考查对过去情况的假设。句意：打破窗户的是约翰，为什么你和我说话的样子好像是我打破的？表示对过去的虚拟，故as
if后的从句用过去完成时。
3．The
nationwide
smog
serves
as
a
constant
reminder,
indicating
that
it's
high
time
we
________
(reflect)
on
ourselves.答案：reflected/should
reflect　考查固定句式。句意：全国范围内的雾霾在不断提醒我们是时候反思自己了。由it
is
high
time
sb.
did/should
do
sth.可知填reflected或should
reflect。
4．If
I
________
(listen)
to
the
teacher
carefully
yesterday,
I
________
(know)
how
to
do
it
now.
答案：had
listened;
would
know　考查混合条件虚拟语气。从句中有时间状语yesterday，所以填had
listened；而由主句的时间状语now可知，应填would
know。
5．The
old
lady
insisted
that
the
young
man
had
stolen
her
wallet
and
that
he
________(send)
to
the
police
station.
答案：(should)be
sent　考查虚拟语气。句意：那位老太太坚持说那个年轻人偷了她的钱包并坚持要把他带到警局。insist作“坚决/执意要求(做某事)”讲时，其宾语从句的谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
Daily
random
acts
of
kindness
can
begin
with
two
words:
“Good
morning！”
It's
amazing
how
the
two
words
can
__1__
someone's
day.
During
my
__2__
visit
to
a
store,
an
employee
occasionally
seems
to
be
working
on
just
a
few
hours'
sleep.
However,
he
does
his
best
to
be
__3__
to
everyone,
even
including
many
morning
people
who
are
beyond
our
__4__.
They
are
glad
to
be
there.
I've
made
it
a(n)
__5__
to
greet
him
with
a
“Good
morning”
each
day
and
most
importantly,
__6__
it.
Equally
__7__
is
a
genuine
smile
that
shows,
“It's
good
to
see
you.
I'm
glad
you're
working
today.”
Over
the
last
few
weeks,
this
young
man
started
giving
me
“free”
coffee
refills
for
no
__8__
reason.
When
I
asked
him
why,
he
said
that
he
__9__
it
that
I
was
always
nice
to
him.
But
later
I
found
him
in
low
__10__.
My
morning
greetings
didn't
__11__.
“Come
on.
It
can't
be
that
bad.
Your
time's
coming.”
I
comforted
him
and
left.
__12__
those
words
of
assurance
didn't
__13__
me.
Try
as
I
might
to
blow
it
off,
I
couldn't
shake
the
__14__，
“Actions
do
speak
louder
than
words.”
Why
wait
for
someone
else
to
make
a(n)
__15__
when
I
could
do
it
myself
I
noticed
a
subway
supermarket
just
a
stone's
throw
away.
With
twenty
bucks
and
a
gift
card,
I
returned
to
the
__16__
and
presented
this
young
man
with
this
gift.
“See,
I
told
you
good
things
would
come
your
way.”
I
left
him
__17__，
but
finally
smiled.
He
said,
“Thank
you.
I
was
having
a
bad
day
and
you
went
out
of
your
way
to
‘__18__’
it.”
The
acts
of
__19__，
even
if
it
begins
with
two
simple
words,
can
__20__
easily.
I
can
tell
you
it
will
change
your
life
for
the
better.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。有时候，我们一个小小的善举就可能会改变周围的某个人，让他/她更积极地生活。
　　　　　　　　　
1．A．decide
B．design
C．change
D．simplify
答案：C　根据下文作者的简单问候“早上好”让商店的一名雇员很感激可知，这里是改变了某人的一天，另外最后一句中的change
your
life
for
the
better也有提示。
2．A．weekly
B．daily
C．first
D．last
答案：B　根据5空后的greet
him
with
a
“Good
morning”
each
day可知，作者每天都去商店。
3．A．rude
B．accessible
C．accustomed
D．friendly
答案：D　根据下文信息：顾客愿意去他那里购物，这里是表示雇员尽力对每个人都友好。
4．A．imagination
B．protection
C．prediction
D．inspiration
答案：A　根据even的提示可知，甚至是对于一些你无法想到的很早的人。beyond
one's
imagination“超出想象”。
5．A．right
B．obligation
C．entertainment
D．point
答案：D　此处表示“我”认为每天用“早上好”和他问候很重要。
6．A．brighten
B．stress
C．mean
D．enjoy
答案：C　此处表示并且最重要的是，“我”就想表达这个意思。
7．A．important
B．outstanding
C．particular
D．worthwhile
答案：A　根据上文出现的most
importantly的提示可知，这里意为：一个真诚的笑容也是一样重要的。
8．A．pleasing
B．obvious
C．simple
D．primary
答案：B　根据下文作者的疑问可知，这里是没有明显的理由。obvious“明显的”。
9．A．appreciated
B．ignored
C．remembered
D．admired
答案：A　根据上文的信息：年轻人免费给作者提供咖啡，这里是表示对作者善意的感激。appreciate“感激”。
10．A．voices
B．supply
C．spirits
D．health
答案：C　根据下文的安慰可知，这位雇员情绪低落(in
low
spirits)。
11．A．appear
B．work
C．respond
D．deserve
答案：B　根据下文作者的安慰的话可知，作者的问候没有起到作用。
12．A．Anyhow
B．Privately
C．Unfortunately
D．Somehow
答案：D　句意：不知道为什么，我觉得这些安慰的话并不让我满意。somehow“不知为什么，不知怎的”。
13．A．depress
B．satisfy
C．excite
D．defeat
答案：B　根据下文作者亲自买东西安慰可知，这里指作者不满意之前的想法。
14．A．thought
B．attitude
C．method
D．enthusiasm
答案：A　该如何安慰他呢？作者有了新的想法。
15．A．decision
B．offer
C．difference
D．suggestion
答案：C　句意：当自己可以做到，即可以有所作为的时候，为什么要等待别人来做呢？make
a
difference“有……作用，关系，影响”。
16．A．market
B．hospital
C．restaurant
D．store
答案：D　根据上文的信息：从那家商店离开，这里是返回商店。
17．A．embarrassed
B．amused
C．astonished
D．disappointed
答案：C　作者离开后又回来了，还拿着东西给这个雇员，这让他很惊讶(astonished)。
18．A．fix
B．cherish
C．avoid
D．specify
答案：A　前文提到了bad，并结合之前提到的这个雇员心情很低落可知，作者的善举正在“修复”(fix)他那糟糕的心情。
19．A．sympathy
B．encouraging
C．supporting
D．kindness
答案：D　文章开头“Daily
random
acts
of
kindness”有提示，这里指善举。
20．A．continue
B．spread
C．advance
D．explode
答案：B　根据雇员先给作者添加免费咖啡到作者给雇员买礼物可知，善行是可以传播的，会让一个人的生活变得更加美好。
　
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·都江堰模拟]Books
are
to
mankind
what
memory
is
to
the
individual.
They
contain
the
history
of
our
race,
the
discoveries
we
have
made,
the
accumulated
knowledge
and
experience
of
ages;
they
picture
for
us
the
marvels
and
beauties
of
nature,
help
us
in
our
difficulties,
comfort
us
in
sorrow
and
in
suffering,
change
hours
of
weariness
into
moments
of
delight,
store
our
minds
with
ideas,
fill
them
with
good
and
happy
thoughts,
and
lift
us
out
of
and
above
ourselves.
Many
of
those
who
have
had,
as
we
say,
all
that
this
world
can
give,
have
yet
told
us
they
owed
much
of
their
purest
happiness
to
books.
Macaulay
had
wealth
and
fame,
rank
and
power,
and
yet
he
tells
us
in
his
biography
that
he
owed
the
happiest
hours
of
his
life
to
books.
He
says,
“If
anyone
would
make
me
the
greatest
king
that
ever
lived,
with
palaces
and
gardens
and
fine
dinners,
and
wines
and
coaches,
and
beautiful
clothes,
and
hundreds
of
servants,
on
condition
that
I
would
rather
be
a
poor
man
in
a
garret
with
plenty
of
books
than
a
king
who
did
not
love
reading.”
Precious
and
priceless
are
the
blessings
which
the
books
scatter
around
our
daily
paths.
We
walk,
in
imagination,
with
the
noblest
spirits,
through
the
most
charming
regions.
Without
stirring
from
our
firesides
we
may
wander
to
the
most
remote
regions
of
the
earth,
or
go
up
high
into
fields
when
Spender's
shapes
of
unearthly
beauty
flock(人群)
to
meet
us,
where
Milton's
angels
bell
in
our
ears
the
choral
hymns(赞美诗)
of
Paradise.
Science,
art,
literature,
philosophy,
—all
that
man
has
though,
all
that
man
has
done,
—the
experience
that
has
been
bought
with
the
sufferings
of
a
hundred
generations,
—all
are
gathered
up
for
us
in
the
world
of
books.
篇章导读：本文讲述了书籍对我们生活的重要性，并且鼓励我们要多读书。
1．The
books
can
help
us
to
do
a
lot
except
________.
A．discovering
the
world
B．making
us
happy
C．making
us
very
rich
D．accumulating
knowledge
答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段所述，只有选项C没有提到。故选C项。
2．What
does
Macaulay
want
to
be
according
to
his
biography
A．A
poor
man.
B．A
greatest
king.
C．A
wealthy
man.
D．A
man
who
loves
reading.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，麦考利想做个热爱读书的人。故选D项。
3．The
author
wants
to
encourage
us
to
________.
A．buy
more
books
B．love
reading
books
C．visit
the
world
D．write
the
biography
答案：B　主旨大意题。本文通过讲述书对我们的重要性来鼓励我们热爱读书。故选B项。
1．accumulate
vt.
积累；聚积
2.owe
vt.
归因于；归功于
3．scatter
vt.
撒；撒播
4.noble
adj.
崇高的；高贵的
5．stir
vt.
搅动；搅拌；搅和
1．on
condition
that
只要(表条件)；条件是
2．gather
up
收集；聚集；收拢
B
Regarded
as
one
of
the
English
language's
most
gifted
poets,
John
Keats
wrote
poetry
that
concentrated
on
imagery,
human
nature,
and
philosophy.
Although
Keats
didn't
receive
much
formal
literary
education,
his
own
studies
and
passion
brought
him
much
success.
Additionally,
his
own
life
situation
influenced
his
poetry
greatly.
Growing
up
as
a
young
boy
in
London
in
a
lower
middle class
family,
the
young
John
didn't
attend
a
private
school,
but
went
to
a
public
one.
His
teachers
and
his
family's
friends
regarded
him
as
an
optimistic
boy
who
favored
playing
and
fighting
much
more
than
minding
his
studies.
After
his
father's
death
in
the
early
1800s,
followed
by
his
mother's
passing
due
to
tuberculosis(肺结核),
he
began
viewing
life
differently.
He
wanted
to
escape
the
world
and
did
so
by
reading
anything
he
could
get
his
hands
on.
At
around
the
age
of
16,
the
teenage
John
Keats
began
studying
under
a
surgeon
so
that
he
too
might
become
a
doctor.
However,
his
literary
appetite
had
taken
too
much
of
his
fancy，
especially
with
his
addiction
to
the
poetry
of
Ehmund
Spenser.
He
was
able
to
have
his
first
full
poem
published
in
the
Examiner
in
1816,
entitled
O
Solitude!
If
I
Must
With
Thee
Dwell.
Within
two
months
in
1817,
Keats
had
written
an
entire
volume
of
poetry,
but
was
sharply
criticized
by
a
magazine.
However,
the
negative
response
didn't
stop
his
pursuit
of
rhythm(韵律)．
John
Keats'
next
work
was
Endymion,
which
was
published
in
May
1818.
The
story
involves
a
shepherd
who
falls
in
love
with
the
moon
goddess
and
leads
him
on
an
adventure
of
one
boy's
hope
to
overcome
the
limitations
of
being
human.
Following
Endymion,
however,
he
tried
something
more
narrative based
and
wrote
Isabella.
During
this
time,
John
Keats
began
seeing
his
limitations
in
poetry
due
to
his
own
limit
in
life
experiences.
He
would
have
to
have
the
“knowledge”
associated
with
his
poems.
His
next
work
was
Hyperion
that
would
attempt
to
combine
all
that
he
learned.
However,
a
bout
(发作)
with
tuberculosis
while
visiting
Italy
would
keep
him
from
his
work
and
eventually
take
his
life
in
1821.
篇章导读：本文记叙了英国诗人约翰·济慈的生平和作品。这位诗人儿时家庭贫困，曾经学医，但是对诗歌更感兴趣。父母的相继去世，改变了他的人生态度，从此一改不爱读书的习惯，躲进书堆、逃避世界。1816年出版处女诗作。1817年出版诗集。1821年离世。
4．John
Keats'
attitude
towards
life
changed
because
of
________.
A．his
early
education
from
school
B．the
deaths
of
his
parents
C．Edmund
Spenser's
poetry
D．the
criticism
of
a
magazine
答案：B　细节理解题。由第二段中的倒数第二句“After
his
father's
death
in
the
early
1800s,
followed
by
his
mother's
passing
due
to
tuberculosis(肺结核),
he
began
viewing
life
differently.”可知，诗人在父母相继离世后开始改变对生活的看法。故B项正确。
5．What
is
the
common
thing
between
John
Keats
and
his
mother
A．They
died
of
the
same
disease.
B．They
had
a
bad
childhood.
C．They
read
many
books.
D．They
showed
strong
interest
in
poetry.
答案：A　细节理解题。由第二段中的“followed
by
his
mother's
passing
due
to
tuberculosis(肺结核)”和文章最后一句中的“a
bout(发作)with
tuberculosis...eventually
take
his
life
in
1821”可知，诗人与母亲死于相同疾病。故A项正确。
6．While
pursuing
his
dream
of
becoming
a
poet
first,
John
Keats
was
________.
A．determined
B．experienced
C．knowledgeable
D．impatient
答案：A　推理判断题。从第三段最后一句“However,
the
negative
response
didn't
stop
his
pursuit
of
rhythm.”可知，尖锐的批评没有使诗人放弃对押韵的执着。故A项正确。determined“意志坚定的”。
7．What
do
we
know
from
the
passage
A．Keats
received
little
education
at
school.
B．Keats
once
had
a
chance
of
becoming
a
doctor.
C．In
1816
Keats
spent
two
months
writing
a
poem.
D．Endymion
was
about
a
real
love
story.
答案：B　细节理解题。由第三段第一句话中的“the
teenage
John
Keats
began
studying
under
a
surgeon”可知，诗人16岁时曾师从一位外科医生，surgeon“外科医生”。故B项正确。
1．favour
vt.
较喜欢；选择
2.view
vt.
将……视为；看待
3．escape
v.
逃跑；逃避
4.appetite
n.
喜好；强烈欲望
5．criticize
vt.
批评；批判
1．get
one's
hands
on
sth.
找到/得到某物
2．take
one's
fancy
吸引某人；中某人的意
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
Early
one
morning
in
April,
2014,
it
was
raining
hardly.
I
was
seating
in
my
classroom
by
myself.
“We
shall
soon
leave
Beijing
and
return
back
to
Sichuan.
You'll
say
goodbye
to
your
new
classmates.”
That
my
father
told
me
the
other
day
sounded
once
again
on
my
ears.
Although
I
had
studied
at
school
for
only
two
months,
I
real
loved
everything
there.
What's
more,
the
teaching
conditions
here
are
many
better
than
those
in
Sichuan.
As
a
child
which
was
born
in
Sichuan,
I
knew
almost
nothing
about
the
world
outside.
Therefore,
after
I
came
to
Beijing,
I
saw
so
many
things
I
had
never
seen.
答案：
Early
one
morning
in
April,
2014,
it
was
raining
.
I
was
in
my
classroom
by
myself.
“We
shall
soon
leave
Beijing
and
return　
to
Sichuan.
You'll
say
goodbye
to
your
new
classmates.”
my
father
told
me
the
other
day
sounded
once
again
my
ears.
Although
I
had
studied
at
school
for
only
two
months,
I
loved
everything
there.
What's
more,
the
teaching
conditions
here
are
better
than
those
in
Sichuan.
As
a
child
was
born
in
Sichuan,
I
knew
almost
nothing
about
the
world
outside.
，
after
I
came
to
Beijing,
I
saw
so
many
things
I
had
never
seen.
第一处：hardly→hard　hard修饰谓语was
raining。hardly“几乎不”。
第二处：seating→seated或sitting　表示某人“坐着”，有两种形式be
seated/be
sitting。
第三处：去掉back　return本身已含“回去”之意，不再用back；同类词还有enter，其后不再用into。
第四处：That→What　what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。
第五处：on→in　考查介词搭配。in
my
ears
“在我耳边”。
第六处：school前加the　at
the
school“在这所学校”。
第七处：real→really　副词really修饰动词loved。
第八处：many→much　much修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
第九处：which→who/that　先行词为人，因此用who/that引导定语从句。
第十处：Therefore→However　根据句意可知，应用however“然而”。话题素材——健康生活
好词
1.activity
n.
活动
2.eager
adj.
渴望的；热切的
3.anxiety
n.
担忧；焦虑
4.beneficial
adj.
有益的；有帮助的
5.energetic
adj.
精力旺盛的
6.keep
fit/healthy
保持健康
7.make
friends
with
sb.
和某人交朋友
8.share
feelings
and
ideas
with
与……分享感受和观点
9.be
keen
on
热衷于
10.climb
mountains
爬山
11.keep
a
good
mood
保持乐观心态
12.help_(sb.)_out
帮助(某人)摆脱困境
13.prefer...to...
(比起……来)更喜欢……
14.get_rid_of
the
bad
habit
of...改掉……的坏习惯
15.take
exercise
锻炼；进行运动
佳句
1.There
are
a_variety_of
after class
activities
in
our
school,
which
benefit_us_a_lot.
我们学校有各种各样的课外活动，这些活动对我们很有益。2.We
should
do
morning
exercises
every
day,
which
is
vital
to
keep_fit.
我们应当每天做早操，这对于保持健康至关重要。
3.We
should
take_some_measures_to_reduce_the_pressure,_such
as
doing
some
sports,
listening
to
music,
going
outing
and
so
on.
我们可以采取一些措施来减轻压力，如锻炼、听音乐、郊游等。
[精美语篇]
Dear
Editor，
Now,
more
and
more
students
are
getting
fond
of
western
fast
food,
and
thus
they
take
in
too
much
sugar
and
fat.
I
don't
think
it
good
for
their
health.
There
are
all
kinds
of
foods
in
the
world.
Which
one
is
healthier,
the
Chinese
food
or
the
western
fast
food
Different
people
have
different
opinions.
In
my
opinion,
the
Chinese
food
is
healthier.
Firstly,
the
Chinese
food
contains
a
lot
of
fruits
and
green
vegetables.
It
is
rich
in
fiber
and
low
in
sugar
and
fat.
Secondly,
the
Chinese
food
is
very
delicious
and
has
many
dishes,
which
provide
us
with
all
kinds
of
nutrition.
I
think
it
is
the
healthiest
food
in
the
world.
So
many
Chinese
people
can
keep
fit
and
have
white
teeth.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
高频单词
1．withdrawal
(n.)
收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程→withdraw
(v.)
收回；撤退
2．mental
(adj.)
精神的；智力的→mentally
(adv.)
精神上；智力上
3．effect
(n.)
结果；效力→effective
(adj.)
有效的
4．abnormal
(adj.)
畸形的；异常的→normal
(adj.)(反义词)正常的
5．strengthen
(vt.)
加强；巩固；使坚强
(vi.)
变强→strong
(adj.)
坚强的；强壮的
6．chemist
(n.)
药剂师；化学家→chemistry
(n.)
化学→chemical
(adj.)
化学的
7．disappointed
(adj.)
失望的；沮丧的→disappoint
(vt.)
(使)失望→disappointment
(n.)
失望
8．ashamed
(adj.)
感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame
(n.)
耻辱
9．comprehension
(n.)
理解(力)→comprehend
(v.)
理解
10．illegal
(adj.)
不合法的；违法的→legal
(adj.)
(反义词)合法的
11．survival
(n.)
幸存→survivor
(n.)
幸存者→survive
(v.)
幸存
12．judgement
(n.)
看法；判决；判断→judge
(v.)
判断
13．embarrassed
(adj.)
尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass
(vt.)
(使)尴尬→embarrassment
(n.)
尴尬
14．stress
(n.)
压力；重音
(vt.)
加压力于；使紧张→stressful
(adj.)
产生压力的；紧张的→stressed
(adj.)
焦虑不安的
15．adolescent
(n.)
青少年
(adj.)
青春期的→adolescence
(n.)
青春期
16．addicted
(adj.)
入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiction
(n.)
沉溺；嗜好→addictive
(adj.)
使人上瘾的
17．accustom
(vt.)
使习惯于→accustomed
(adj.)
惯常的；习惯了的
18．automatic
(adj.)
无意识的；自动的→automatically
(adv.)
无意识地；自动地
19．male
(adj.)
男性的；雄性的
(n.)
男人；雄性动(植)物→female
(adj.)
女性的；雌性的
(n.)
雌性的动(植)物；女人
20．unfit
(adj.)
不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit
(adj.)
(反义词)健康的；合格的
重点短语
1．due_to　　　　　由于
2．(be)_addicted_to
对……有瘾
3．(be)_accustomed_to
习惯于……
4．decide_on
对……作出决定
5．feel_like_(doing)
想要(做)……
6．in_spite_of
不顾；不管
7．take_risks/a_risk
冒险
8．get_into
陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9．at_risk
处境危险；遭受危险
10．manage_to_do
设法完成
11．stand_for
代表
12．be_ashamed_of/that
因……而羞愧
热点句型
1．It
seems＋adj.＋that...“看起来……”
It_seems_amazing_that
(这看起来令人吃惊)
at
my
age
I
am
still
fit
enough
to
cycle
20
kilometres
in
an
afternoon.(教材P18)
2．find/consider/feel＋it＋宾语补足语
Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding_it_difficult_to_give_it_up
(发现很难把它戒掉)．(教材P18)
3．as引导的非限制性定语从句
As_you_know
(正如你所知道的),
if
you
do
the
same
thing
over
and
over
again,
you
begin
to
do
it
automatically.(教材P18)
4．It
is
time
to
do...
“该做……的时间了”
When
I
was
taken
off
the
school
football
team
because
I
was
unfit,
I
knew
it_was_time_to_quit_smoking
(是该戒烟的时候了)．(教材P18)
5．“do/does/did＋动词原形”表强调；as...
as...
“同……一样……”
I
do_hope_so
(的确希望如此)
because
I
want
you
to
live
as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as_I_have
(和我一样活得健康长寿)．(教材P18)
6．“It
is...that”强调句型
It_is_only_when_the_disease_has_progressed_to_AIDS_that(只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时)
a
person
begins
to
look
sick.(教材P22)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．A
truly
healthy
person
is
someone
________
is
healthy
in
both
body
and
mind.答案：who
2．Every
time
you
feel
like
________
(smoke)
a
cigarette,
remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non smoker.
答案：smoking
3．It
was
at
eight
o'clock
________
I
went
to
sleep
yesterday.
答案：that
4．This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
________
(have)
nicotine
in
it.
答案：having
5．It
could
do
terrible
damage
________
your
heart
and
lungs.
答案：to
6．Neither
________
I
know
that
my
cigarette
smoke
could
affect
the
health
of
non smokers.
答案：did
7．________
I
did
know
was
________
my
girlfriend
thought
I
smelt
terrible.
答案：What;
that
8．It
is
not
easy
to
stop
smoking,
but
millions
have
managed
________
(quit)．
答案：to
quit
9．HIV
will
damage
your
immune
system
so
much
________
your
body
can
no
longer
fight
disease.
答案：that
10．Do
some
relaxation
exercises
every
time
you
feel
________
(stress)．答案：stressed
1　stress　n．压力；重音　vt.加压力于；使紧张
Others
may
think
it
will
help
them
with
stress
in
their
lives...(P20)
其他人认为它将有助于(缓减)他们生活中的压力……
归纳拓展
(1)under
stress
在压力之下
under
the
stress
of
在……压力下
lay/place/put
stress
on
sth.
强调某事物
(2)stress
the
importance
of
强调……的重要性
(3)stressed
adj.
焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的
(4)stressful
adj.
有压力的；紧张的
语境助记
①[朗文高阶]Janet's
been
under_a_lot_of_stress
since
her
mother's
illness.
珍妮特自从她母亲生病以来承受了很大压力。
②[牛津高阶]She
lays
great_stress_on
punctuality.
她十分注重守时。
③Her
son's
illness
put
her
under_great_stress.
她儿子的病使她感到沉重的压力。
④He
stressed_the_importance
of
accepting
a
good
education
at
the
meeting.
他在会议上强调了接受良好教育的重要性。
⑤[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]If
you
feel_stressed
by
responsibilities
at
work,
you
should
take
a
step
back
and
identify
(识别)
those
of
greater
and
less
importance.
如果你因工作责任而感到紧张的话，你应该退一步想想，并且辨别一下哪些工作更重要，哪些不太重要。
⑥It
is
a
very
stressful_time
for
all
the
students
before
the
final
examination.
对所有学生来说期末前夕是一段有压力的时期。
⑦After
a
stressful
week
of
work,
all
the
employees
were
extremely
stressed
and
tired.
They
complained
that
few
could
work
efficiently
under
stress.
在为期一周的紧张工作之后，所有职工都心力交瘁，疲惫不堪，他们抱怨说很少有人能够在压力下高效地工作。
2　addicted　adj.入迷的；上了瘾的
You
see,
during
adolescence
I
also
smoked
and
became
addicted
to
cigarettes.(P18)
你知道，在青春期时我也吸烟并且还上了瘾。
归纳拓展
(1)be/become/get
addicted
to
sth./doing
sth.沉溺于……；专心做……
(2)addict
vt.使沉溺；使上瘾　n．吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人
addict
oneself
to
sth.
某人沉溺于……
a
work
addict
工作狂
(3)addiction
n．癖好
名师点睛
不管是动词addict还是形容词addicted或名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。
语境助记
①Teenagers
who
are
addicted_to
the
Internet
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
depression.
有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。
②His
son
addicted_himself_to
computer
games.
他的儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。
③I'm
19
years
old
and
I
used
to
be
a_drug_addict.
我19岁了，曾经吸毒成瘾。
④[牛津高阶]He
is
now
fighting
his
addiction
to
alcohol.
他现在正努力戒酒。
3　effect　n．结果；影响；效力
When
I
was
young,
I
didn't
know
much
about
the
harmful
effects
of
smoking.(P18)
在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。
归纳拓展
(1)have
an
effect
on/upon
对……有效；对……产生影响
put/bring
sth.
into
effect
实施；实行；使生效
come_into
effect/take
effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施
be
of
no
effect
没有效果的；没有影响的
side
effect
副作用
(2)effective
adj.有效的；起作用的
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]These
effects
of
the
Internet
have
become
even
more
striking
since
I've
begun
using
a
smartphone.
自从我开始使用智能手机，网络的这些影响变得更引人注目。
②[2016·四川高考]These
hormones
also
have_a_positive_effect_on
the
heart
and
the
blood
flow.
这些激素对心脏和血流也有积极的影响。
③[牛津高阶]New
controls
come_into_effect
next
month.
下月开始实施新的管制措施。
④They
decided
to
put
the
plan
into_effect
as
soon
as
possible.
他们决定尽快实施这项计划。
⑤The
medicine
soon
took_effect.
药很快见效了。
⑥One
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
reduce
stress
is
to
talk
about
feelings
with
someone
you
trust.
减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈论感受。
4　ashamed　adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
If
you
weaken
and
have
a
cigarette,
do
not
feel
ashamed.(P19)
如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得惭愧。
归纳拓展
(1)be/feel
ashamed
of
因……感到惭愧
be
ashamed
to_do
sth.
耻于做某事
feel/be
ashamed
for
sb.
替某人感到羞愧
(2)……真让人遗憾
真可惜！
语境助记
①[2016·浙江高考]I
read
those
two
lines
over
and
over.
I
was
ashamed_of
myself.
我反复地读了那两行。我深感羞愧。
②[牛津高阶]You
should
be_ashamed_of
yourself
for
telling
such
lies.
你撒这种谎应为自己感到羞愧。
③[朗文高阶]I'm_ashamed_to_admit
that
I've
never
read
any
of
his
books.
我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。
④I
heard
you
had
your
watch
stolen.
What_a_shame!
我听说你的手表被偷了，真可惜！
⑤It's_a_shame
that
she
isn't
here
to
see
it.
真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看。
易混辨析
ashamed
通常作表语，表示“(人)感到羞耻的；惭愧的”
shameful
可作定语或表语，指“(事情或行为本身)可耻；不道德”
⑥用ashamed/shameful填空
a．I'm
ashamed
to
say
I
haven't
passed
the
examination
this
time.
b．It's
shameful
to
steal
others'
things.
5　due　adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的
I
think
my
long
and
active
life
must
be
due
to
the
healthy
life
I
live.(P18)
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
归纳拓展
be
due
预定/计划(做)某事
(be)
due
to
归功于；因为；由于；应支付；应给予某人
表示“由于，因为”的介词短语：
owing
to;
thanks
to;
because
of;
as
a
result
of;
on
account
of
语境助记
①Any
money
that
is
due_to_you
will
be
paid
before
the
end
of
the
month.
欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。
②This
accident
was
due_to
the
driver's
carelessness.
该事故是由于司机的大意引起的。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The
man
had
so
little
education
that
he
was
________
(fit)
for
this
job.
答案：unfit　考查词形转换。根据句意可知，此处需填unfit“不合适的”。句意：这个男人受的教育如此少，以致于他不适合这份工作。
2．Her
son
addicted
himself
to
________
(smoke),
which
had
a
bad
effect
on
his
health.
答案：smoking　考查固定搭配。addict
oneself
to
doing/sth.“某人沉溺于……”。句意：她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。
3．Due
________
a
weak
heart,
Nadine
Gordimer
attended
school
and
university
briefly.
答案：to　考查固定搭配。due
to“因为；由于”。句意：由于心脏不好，纳丁·戈迪默只是短暂地上了学。4．Larger
transparent
animals
take
________
(effect)
action
to
reduce
light
spreading.
答案：effective　考查词性转换。修饰名词action应用形容词形式，故填effective。句意：更大型的透明动物采取有效行动以减少光的传播。5．When
I
was
a
child,
mother
laid
great
stress
________
my
proper
behavior.
答案：on　考查固定搭配。lay/put/place
stress
on
sth.“强调某事物”。
6．My
uncle
hasn't
been
able
to
quit
________(smoke),
but
at
least
he
has
cut
down.
答案：smoking　考查动词 ing形式作宾语。quit后常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，quit
smoking“戒烟”。
7．I
don't
have
an
appetite
these
days
and
don't
feel
like
________
(eat)
anything.
答案：eating　考查固定搭配。feel
like
doing“想要做某事”。
8．People
are
________
(ban)
from
smoking
in
many
public
places
in
England.
答案：banned　考查被动语态。people与ban之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。句意：在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。
9．Supposing
I
didn't
come
yesterday,
would
you
feel
________
(disappoint)
答案：disappointed　考查词形转换。主语为人，故应用形容词disappointed;
disappointing用来修饰物。句意：假设我昨天没来，你会感到失望吗？
10．Furthermore,
punishment
is
by
no
means
a
wise
choice
to
help
them
grow
up
________
(mental)
and
physically.
答案：mentally　考查副词。由and可知，此处与physically是并列的，故应用副词形式。
1　(be)
accustomed
to
习惯于……(表状态)
This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
having
nicotine
in
it.(P18)
这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。
归纳拓展
(1)get/become
accustomed
to
(doing)
sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表动作)
(2)accustom
vt.使习惯于
accustom
sb./oneself
to
(doing)
sth.使某人/自己习惯于……
语境助记
①I'm_accustomed_to_listening
to
some
light
music
before
sleep.
我习惯于睡前听点轻音乐。
②[牛津高阶]She
was
a
person
accustomed_to_having
eight
hours'
sleep
a
night.
她是那种习惯每晚睡八小时的人。
③It
took
a
while
for
me
to
accustom_myself_to
all
the
new
rules
and
regulations.
我过了一段时间才适应了所有的新规章制度。
2　in
spite
of
不管；不顾
In
spite
of
all
his
efforts
he
failed.(P20)
尽管他做了所有努力，但还是失败了。
归纳拓展
(1)不管；不顾
(2)in
spite
of
the
fact
that...(同位语从句)
＝(al)
though＋从句
虽然……；尽管……
语境助记
①In_spite_of
the
hot
weather,
students
still
practice
in
the
playground.
尽管天气炎热，学生们仍在操场上训练。
②It's
unbelievable
that
Mr
Lucas
leads
a
simple
life
in_spite_of
his
great
wealth.
令人难以置信的是卢卡斯先生尽管很有钱，却过着那么简朴的生活。
③In_spite_of_the_fact_that
doctors
have
warned
that
smoking
does
harm
to
health,
people
still
keep
on
smoking.
尽管医生已经警告吸烟有害健康，人们还是继续吸烟。
3　take
risks/a
risk
冒险
He
felt
he
had
to
make
up
his
mind
on
every
step
instead
of
taking
risks.(P20)
他觉得他必须下定决心走好每一步，而不是去冒险。
归纳拓展
(1)at
risk
处境危险；遭受危险
at
the
risk
of...
冒着……的风险
take/run
risks/a
risk
to
do
冒险做……
(2)risk
doing...
冒险做……
risk
one's
life
to_do
sth.
冒着生命危险做某事
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]You
have
no
right
to
take_risks
with
other
people's
lives.
你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。
②People
who
are
overweight
run_a_risk
of
a
heart
attack
or
stroke.
超重的人有犯心脏病和中风的危险。
③Young
people
may
risk_going
deaf
if
they
are
exposed
to
very
loud
music
every
day.
年轻人如果每天都暴露于很吵闹的音乐中，他们就会冒耳朵变聋的危险。
④Never
put
your
family
at_risk
.
绝对不要让你的家人处于危险之中。
⑤[2016·北京高考]New
experiences
often
mean
taking_some_risks,_so
your
brain
raises
your
tolerance
for
risk
as
well.
新经历常常意味着冒一些风险，因此你的大脑也就提升了你的抗风险能力。
⑥He
took/ran
the
risk
of
losing
his
own
life
and
saved
my
life
in
the
cold
river.
＝He
risked
his
own
life
and
saved
my
life
in
the
cold
river.
＝He
saved
my
life
in
the
cold
river
at_the_risk_of
his
own
life.
他冒着失去自己生命的危险，在冰冷的河水里救了我。
4　get
into
陷入；染上(坏习惯)
Of
course
the
best
way
to
deal
with
these
drugs
is
not
to
get
into
the
habit
in
the
first
place!
(P20)
当然，对付这些毒品最好的方法就是一开始就不要染上它！
归纳拓展
get
across
(使)被理解；(使)通过
get
along/on
with
相处；进展
get
away
逃脱；离开
get
over
克服；越过
get
through
通过；穿过；接通电话
get
into
debt
负债累累
get
into
trouble
陷入困境
get
into
the
habit
of
养成……的习惯
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]He
got_into_trouble
with
the
police
while
he
was
still
at
school.
他还在上学时就与警方发生过纠葛。
②If
you
continue
spending
money
like
this,
you'll
get_into_debt.
如果你继续这样花钱，你会负债的。
③How
can
I
get
it
across
to
you
how
important
this
is
我怎么做才能让你们理解这件事的重要性？
④As
an
outgoing
girl,
I
get_along_well_with
my
classmates.
作为一个外向的女孩，我和同学们相处很融洽。
过关演练
选词填空
become
addicted
to;
decide
on;
be
accustomed
to;
take
risks;
get
into;
in
spite
of;
due
to;
be
ashamed
of;
throw
away;
feel
like
1．His
son
has
________
drugs.
答案：become
addicted
to
2．His
grandfather
has____________living
in
the
mountains
from
his
childhood.
答案：been
accustomed
to
3．I
have________
buying
a
bike
for
my
brother's
birthday.
答案：decided
on
4．She
________
having
failed
in
the
examination.
答案：was
ashamed
of
5．Tell
me
in
case
you
________
trouble.
答案：get
into
6．—How
did
you
find
your
Christmas
holiday
—________
the
bad
weather,
I
had
fun
meeting
friends
and
relatives.
答案：In
spite
of
7．It
was
a
mistake
________
carelessness.
答案：due
to
8．Everyone
who
wants
to
succeed
must
________.
答案：take
risks
9．It's
quite
hot
today.
Do
you
________
going
for
a
swim
答案：feel
like
10．Determined
to
give
up
smoking,
he
________
his
remaining
cigarettes.
答案：threw
away
1　I
do
hope
so
because
I
want
you
to
live
as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as
I
have.(P18)
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
句中使用了一个同级比较结构：as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as结构，意为“和……一样……”。
归纳拓展
(1)so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that...
如此……以致于……
＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that...
(2)so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...
和……一样……
(3)as＋adj.＋as...
和……一样……
(4)too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋to
do...
太……而不能……
语境助记
①I
hope
you
can
quit
smoking
and
live
as_healthy_a_life_as
I
have.
我希望你能戒烟并能像我一样过一种健康的生活。
②It's
too_high_a_price
for
us
to
pay.
这个价格太高，我们付不起。
③[牛津高阶]He
was
not
so_quick_a_learner_as
his
brother.
他学东西不像他哥哥那样快。
④This
is
so_difficult_a_problem_that
no
one
can
work
it
out.＝This
is
such_a_difficult_problem_that
no
one
can
work
it
out.
这道题太难，没有人能解答出来。
2　I
knew
it_was_time_to_quit
smoking.(P18)
我知道是我该戒烟的时候了。
归纳拓展
It's
time
to_do
sth.
到了做……的时间了
It's
time
for
sth.
到了……的时间了
It's
(high/about)
time
that
sb.
did/should
do...到了某人做……的时间了
It/This/That
is/was
the
first/second...time
that
sb.
have/had
done
sth.
这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事
语境助记
①[2016·四川高考]It
was
time
for
her
to_have
a
new
baby,
and
it
was
also
time
for
the
young
panda
to_be
independent.
是她怀孕的时候了，同时也是小熊猫独立的时候了。
②It's_time_for_dinner.
Mother
keTIF
the
knives
with
the
forks.
到吃晚饭的时间了，妈妈将刀叉放到一起。
③It's
high
time
that
we
students
worked/should_work
even
harder
at
our
lessons
as
the
exam
is
coming
nearer.
到了我们学生们更加努力学习的时候了，因为考试越来越临近了。
④It
was
the
third
time
that
Lin
Dan
had_took_part/participated
in
the
Olympic
Games.
这是林丹第三次参加奥运会了。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．________is
shown
in
the
picture,
many
animals
are
in
danger
now.
答案：As　考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。
2．The
young
man
hopes
to
live
as
simple
a
life
________
his
grandpa.
答案：as　考查固定句型。句意：这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as“和……一样”。
3．It
is
high
time
that
the
children
________
(go)
to
bed.
答案：went/should
go　考查虚拟语气。句意：孩子们该上床睡觉了。该句型中that从句中谓语形式为：did/should
do。
4．He
is
________
experienced
an
artist
to
be
worried
by
what
the
critics
say.
答案：too　考查“too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋to
do”结构。句意：他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会为批评家们的议论而担忧。
5．If
you
have
a
job,
________
devote
yourself
to
it
and
finally
you
will
succeed.
答案：do　考查“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成的强调句，意为“确实；的确”。用来加强谓语动词的语气。句意：如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Write
down
the
telephone
number
________
it.
记下电话号码以免忘记。
答案：before
you
forget
2．I
feel
________
that
I
should
devote
myself
to
teaching.我感到致力于教学是我的责任。
答案：it
my
duty
3．He
left
me
a
deep
impression
________
I
saw
him.
我第一次见到他，他就给我留下非常深刻的印象。
答案：the
first
time
it的用法(1)
it作人称代词
1．it的最基本的用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复。
Xi'an
is
a
beautiful
city,
isn't
it
2．也可以指动物或婴儿(有时也可指未知性别的人)。
The
baby
cried
because
it
was
hungry.
it作非人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it。
It
is
a
long
way
to
the
factory.
it作形式主语
it替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句首，而把真正的主语置于句尾。
1．代替不定式作主语
(1)It
be＋adj.＋(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.
(此处的adj.多为描述事件的形容词)
It
is
illegal
for
a
teenager
to
drive
a
car
without
a
license.
(2)It
be＋adj.＋of
sb.
to
do
sth.
(此处adj.多为描述人的形容词)
It's
kind
of
you
to
help
me
with
the
problem.
2．代替动名词作主语
常见句型为：
It
is
no
good/use
doing...　做……是没有好处/没用的
It's
worthwhile
doing...　做……是值得的
It's
useless/no
use
doing...　做……是没用的
It's
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.
3．代替主语从句作主语
(1)It
is＋adj.＋that从句
此句型中常见的形容词为：clear,
obvious,
true,
possible,
certain等。
It's
very
clear
that
he
made
a
mistake.
(2)It
is＋v.?ed＋that从句
＝sb./sth.
is＋v.?ed＋to
do
此句型中常见的过去分词为：said,
reported,
learned,
believed,
thought,
known,
told,
hoped等。
It
is
said
that
he
has
gone
to
Beijing.
＝He
is
said
to
have
gone
to
Beijing.
(3)It
is＋n.＋that从句
此句型中常见名词为：a
pity,
a
shame,
an
honour,
a
good
thing,
a
fact,
a
surprise等。
名师点睛
此句型中，that后从句常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，其中should可省，表示出乎意料。若无此意义时，则无需用虚拟语气。
It's
a
pity
that
such
a
thing
should
happen
(happen)
in
your
class.
It's
a
pity
that
he
is
(be)
ill.
it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语置于宾补之后，用it作形式宾语。此句型中常见动词有：think,
believe,
make,
find,
consider,
feel等。
I
think
it
no
use
arguing
with
them.
He
made
it
clear
that
he
was
not
interested
in
the
subject.
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．[2016·天津高考]I
hate
________
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I'm
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.
答案：it　考查it作形式宾语。句意：我讨厌在我工作时她打电话过来，我总是忙得不能和她交谈。hate/like/appreciate等词后跟从句时，通常要用it作形式宾语。
2．Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
trees
around
________.
答案：it　考查代词。it指代上文提到的公园。
3．—Who's
that
at
the
door
—________is
the
milkman.
答案：It　考查代词。it在本句中用来指代未知性别的人。句意：——门口那人是谁？——是送奶工。
4．________is
generally
acknowledged
that
young
people
from
poorer
socio economic
backgrounds
tend
to
do
less
well
in
our
education
system.
答案：It　考查it作形式主语。句意：人们普遍认为，在我们的教育体制里，来自比较贫困的社会经济背景下的年轻人往往会表现不佳。“that
young
people
from
poorer
socio economic
backgrounds
tend
to
do
less
well
in
our
education
system”为主语从句，是真正的主语。
5．________
was
considerate
of
Michael
to
inform
us
of
his
delay
in
case
we
got
worried.
答案：It　考查“It
is/was＋adj.＋of
sb.
to
do
sth.”句式。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2016·北京高考]
December
15,2014
Dear
Alfred，
I
want
to
tell
you
how
important
your
help
is
to
my
life.
Growing
up,
I
had
people
telling
me
I
was
too
slow,
though,
with
an
IQ
of
150＋
at
17,
I'm
anything
but
stupid.
The
fact
was
that
I
was
found
to
have
ADHD
(注意力缺陷多动障碍).
Anxious
all
the
time,
I
was
unable
to
keep
focused
for
more
than
an
hour
at
a
time.
However,
when
something
did
interest
me,
I
could
become
absorbed.
In
high
school,
I
became
curious
about
the
computer,
and
built
my
first
website.
Moreover,
I
completed
the
senior
course
of
Computer
Basics,
plus
five
relevant
pre college
courses.
While
I
was
exploring
my
curiosity，
my
disease
got
worse.
I
wanted
to
go
to
college
after
high
school,
but
couldn't.
So,
I
was
killing
my
time
at
home
until
June
2012
when
I
discovered
the
online
computer
courses
of
your
training
center.
Since
then,
I
have
taken
courses
like
Data
Science
and
Advanced
Mathematics.
Currently，
I'm
learning
your
Probability
course.
I
have
hundreds
of
printer
paper,
covered
in
self written
notes
from
your
videos.
This
has
given
me
a
purpose.
Last
year,
I
spent
all
my
time
looking
for
a
job
where,
without
dealing
with
the
public,
I
could
work
alone,
but
still
have
a
team
to
talk
to.
Luckily,
I
discovered
the
job—Data
Analyst—this
month
and
have
been
going
full
steam
ahead.
I
want
to
prove
that
I
can
teach
myself
a
respectful
profession,
without
going
to
college,
and
be
just
as
good
as,
if
not
better
than,
my
competitors.
Thank
you.
You've
given
me
hope
that
I
can
follow
my
heart.
For
the
first
time,
I
feel
good
about
myself
because
I'm
doing
something,
not
because
someone
told
me
I
was
doing
good.
I
feel
whole.
This
is
why
you're
saving
my
life.
Yours，
Tanis
篇章导读：本文是一封书信，属于应用文。文章主要讲述了塔尼斯因患有注意力缺陷多动障碍而无法上大学，后来在一个网上培训中心的帮助下发现了自己的价值，在信中她表达了对培训中心的感激之情。
1．Why
didn't
Tanis
go
to
college
after
high
school
A．She
had
learned
enough
about
computer
science.
B．She
had
more
difficulty
keeping
focused.
C．She
preferred
taking
online
courses.
D．She
was
too
slow
to
learn.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知，作者患了ADHD；而由文章第四段第一句“...my
disease
got
worse.”可知，作者病情加重，无法上大学。故选B。
2．As
for
the
working
environment,
Tanis
prefers
________.
A．working
by
herself
B．dealing
with
the
public
C．competing
against
others
D．staying
with
ADHD
students
答案：A　细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“I
could
work
alone”可知，作者更喜欢一个人工作，故选A。
3．Tanis
wrote
this
letter
in
order
to
________.
A．explain
why
she
was
interested
in
the
computer
B．share
the
ideas
she
had
for
her
profession
C．show
how
grateful
she
was
to
the
center
D．describe
the
courses
she
had
taken
so
far
答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章全文以及第七段中的“Thank
you.
You've
given
me
hope...”可知，在作者不能上大学后，是培训中心给了她希望，因此她写信是为了表达感激之情。故选C项。
1．absorb
vt.
吸引(某人)；吸收(气体、液体等)
2．relevant
adj.
紧密相关的；切题的
3．curiosity
n.
好奇心；求知欲
4．currently
adv.
现时；目前；当下
5．steam
n.
水蒸气；蒸汽
1．at
a
time
每次；逐一；依次
2．become
curious
about....
对……感到好奇的
B
When
you've
seen
a
couple
fighting
or
having
a
pity
argument，
what
is
the
first
thing
that
comes
in
your
mind
Probably
you
think
that
you
will
never
allow
arguments
to
set
in
your
relationship,
especially
when
you
get
married,
or
will
never
think
to
start
one,
but
arguments
seem
to
come
naturally.
You
argue
about
the
brand
of
coffee,
or
what
to
eat
at
lunch,
who
will
do
the
dishes,
etc.
Sometimes,
more
than
that,
but
regardless
of
your
reasons
for
the
argument
(or
fight),
fixing
a
troubled
relationship
and
having
a
solution
is
very
important.
Our
partners
are
our
most
valuable
fortunes.
Companions
provide
a
listening
ear
for
our
troubles,
support
for
our
dreams,
and
a
safety
net
when
we
fall.
They
give
us
love,
even
when
we
are
unlovable.
They
are
and
must
be
our
friends.
Inevitably,
though,
sometimes
we
go
through
troubled
periods
and
a
solution
should
be
sought
through
the
following
stTIF:
Address
the
situation.
Admit
to
your
partner
that
something
is
wrong
and
needs
to
be
fixed.
Determine
the
problem.
Together,
discuss
what
problems
we
are
facing.
Be
honest
and
let
your
honesty
be
in
its
proper
place.
Remember,
you
are
talking
to
your
partner,
another
half
of
yourself.
Apologize.
We
accept
responsibility
for
our
actions
and
seek
forgiveness.
Refuse
to
blame.
In
addition,
we
must
avoid
defending
ourselves.
There
could
be
a
temptation
to
argue
over
who
did
what;
however,
the
goal
is
not
proving
who
is
right
but
saving
the
relationship.
Begin
repairs.
Ask,
“What
can
I
do
to
rebuild
our
relationship？”
The
key
here
is
to
do
willingly
whatever
is
requested.
Commit
to
rebuilding.
Immediately
start
investing
your
time,
energy,
and
love
in
restoring
the
relationship.
In
order
to
have
a
good
relationship
with
a
partner
who
accepts
and
loves
us,
we
must
be
willing
to
pay
the
high
price
of
patching
up
the
broken
relationship.
Walking
away
might
seem
easier,
but
in
the
long
run,
we
would
lose
a
valuable
treasure.
篇章导读：本文提出我们应该珍视夫妻关系，并论述了在出现矛盾时如何修补这种破裂关系。
4．It
is
essential
to
fix
a
troubled
relationship
in
that
________.
A．arguments
seem
to
come
naturally
B．arguments
are
not
allowed
in
a
good
relationship
C．companions
provide
us
with
comfort
and
support
D．sometimes
we
inevitably
go
through
troubled
periods
答案：C　细节理解题。通过第三段可知，配偶是我们最宝贵的财富，给予我们安慰与支持。故选C。第二段和第三段是相互呼应、前后衔接的。注意：in
that意思是“因为”。
5．The
solutions
to
fixing
a
troubled
relationship
do
NOT
include
________.
A．asking
for
forgiveness
of
the
mistakes
B．bravely
facing
the
existing
problems
C．being
honest
when
discussing
the
problems
D．trying
to
speak
for
ourselves
to
protect
our
rights
答案：D　细节理解题。A、B、C三项分别在第七、五、六段找到答案。D项与第八段中的“avoid
defending
ourselves”矛盾。
6．The
author
does
NOT
agree
that
________.
A．our
partners
are
our
most
valuable
treasures
B．it's
sensible
to
ignore
the
heated
argument
for
a
while
C．proving
who
is
to
blame
has
nothing
to
do
with
the
solution
D．it
takes
time,
energy,
and
love
to
rebuild
the
broken
relationship
答案：B　细节理解题。从文章最后一段最后一句可知，作者不赞同回避问题，因为长期这样下去，会失去生命中宝贵的财富。
7．The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to
________.
A．tell
how
to
sensibly
deal
with
troubled
relationships
B．confirm
that
arguments
are
common
in
daily
life
C．encourage
people
to
invest
love
in
a
relationship
D．persuade
people
not
to
blame
those
who
make
mistakes
答案：A　主旨大意题。文章第一至三段是引入论述主题，都是为第四至十段“如何修补关系裂痕”作铺垫的。因此选A。其他选项过于片面，仅仅是文章提及的某个方面而已。
1．argument
n.
争辩；辩论
2．solution
n.
解决问题的方法
3．apologize
vi.
道歉
4．blame
vt.
责备
5．treasure
n．/vt.
珍宝/珍惜
1．regardless
of
不管；不顾
2.go
through
经受；仔细检查
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2017·河南八市高中质检]Everybody
knows
about
lots
of
relatively
easy
things
on
weight
loss.__1__
However,
if
you
have
ever
tried
some
before
without
success,
then
the
following
guides
could
be
more
useful
for
your
life.
There's
no
magical
diet.
We
often
think
that
if
we
can
just
discover
the
“right”
kinds
of
foods,
we'll
magically
lose
weight
or
maintain
what
we've
lost.
In
fact
there
doesn't
seem
to
be
any
“right”
diet,
and
there
doesn't
seem
to
be
any
evidence
that
one
particular
diet
will
work
better
with
an
individual's
body.
__2__
Dieting
gets
the
better
of
exercising.
It
is
said
that
exercise
is
the
key
to
weight
loss—taking
the
stairs
instead
of
the
elevator
will
make
a
difference,
for
instance.
__3__
Decreasing
food
intake
is
much
more
effective
than
increasing
physical
activity
to
achieve
weight
loss.
Of
course,
both
together
would
be
even
better.
Work
harder
than
other
people.
Exercise
may
not
help
go
back
to
what
it
was
before
you
gained
weight.
So
if
you've
been
overweight
and
you
lose
weight,
maintaining
that
loss
means
you're
probably
going
to
have
to
work
harder
than
other
people.
Building
muscles
can
help
your
body
burn
a
few
more
calories.
__4__
It
seems
unfair,
but
that's
the
way
it
is.
__5__
For
energy
balance,
it's
the
number
of
calories
that
counts.
It's
certainly
true
at
least
in
theory
and
sometimes
in
practice.
You
can
gain
weight
eating
too
much
healthy
food
as
well
as
unhealthy
food.
So
the
point
is
not
to
question
what
a
calorie
is,
but
rather
to
understand
that
we
need
to
exchange
the
calorie packed
foods
for
foods
that
are
less
calorie dense
and
more
nutritionally
dense.
A．All
calories
are
created
equal.
B．Some
of
them
are
also
extremely
effective
when
actually
carried
out.
C．A
calorie
is
a
calorie!
D．We
know
pretty
much
that
any
diet
will
work
if
you
follow
it.
E．However,
it's
much
more
efficient
to
cut
calories.
F．Some
of
the
calories
we
burn
come
from
our
basic
exercise.
G．However,
it's
also
likely
that
you'll
have
to
do
more
in
the
long
run.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了减肥的四条建议。
1．B　由下文“However,
if
you
have
ever
tried
some
before
without
success”中的转折连词however可知，此处意思完全相反，即尝试之后有效果，所以答案是B。
2．D　前文提到事实上并没有正确的节食方法，而且并没有证据证明某种节食方法的功效更明显。此处是做一个总结：任何的节食方法都会有作用，只要我们坚持下去，所以答案是D。
3．E　前文提到锻炼是减肥的关键，此处说明的是锻炼的好处。符合题意的只有E，即锻炼可以消耗更多的卡路里。
4．G　根据下文“It
seems
unfair,
but
that's
the
way
it
is.”可知，前一句及此处是讲锻炼肌肉会帮助你消耗更多一些卡路里，但从长远来看，这也可能是你更需要做的，所以答案是G。
5．C　此处是下文的标题。根据段意可知，此处讲的是有关卡路里在保持能量平衡上的作用。符合题意的只有C选项。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do
you
have
sleeping
problems？Then
these
tips
may
help
you
fall
asleep
fast.
Set
aside
the
thought
__1__
you
have
to
fall
asleep.
The
more
you
think
__2__
it,
the
more
you
can't
sleep.
The
foods
you
eat
also
play
__3__
important
part.
Avoid
eating
or
drinking
foods
or
things
like
chocolates,
coffee,
tea
and
energy
drinks.
If
you
have
to,
then
have
them
in
the
morning
and
never
in
the
afternoon,
__4__
(especial)
before
going
to
bed.
Don't
eat
too
much
at
night.
A
full
stomach
will
make
you
more
difficult
__5__
(fall)
asleep
because
your
body
is
working－time
to
digest
the
food
you
ate.
Make
a
__6__
(fix)
time
when
to
go
to
bed.
For
example,
by
9
o'clock
in
the
evening
you
should
already
be
in
bed.
Do
this
even
if
you're
not
sleepy
yet.
Once
__7__
(follow)
this
routine,
you
will
gradually
see
that
you
feel
__8__
(sleep)
when
it's
9
o'clock.
Make
your
room
comfortable
for
sleeping.
You
should
also
take
note
that
the
sleeping
environment
also
affects
your
sleep.
It
must
be
in
the
room
__9__
it's
not
noisy.
Otherwise,
you
will
find
__10__
difficult
to
fall
asleep
again
after
waking
up.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文为说明文。文中讲述的是如何解决睡眠问题。
1．that　考查同位语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，也不缺少语义，故填that。
2．of/about　考查固定搭配。think
of/about意为“考虑；思考”。
3．an　考查固定搭配。play
an
important
part意为“起重要作用”。
4．especially　考查词性转换。此处修饰介词短语，故用副词。
5．to
fall　考查非谓语动词。此处不定式用作状语，修饰形容词。
6．fixed　考查词性转换。空格后为名词，因此应用形容词fixed，表示“固定的”。
7．following　考查省略句。follow与you之间为主动关系，Once为连词，“连词＋非谓语”作状语。
8．sleepy　考查词性转换。feel作为系动词，其后应跟形容词，故填sleepy。
9．where　考查定语从句。先行词为room，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
10．it　考查代词。it为形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After class
Activities”的栏目。请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。
1．你校开展课外活动的情况；
2．你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；
3．为同学选择课外活动提出建议；
4．为学校开展课外活动提出建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．文中不得提及人名、校名及地名；
3．稿件的开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
After class
Activities
Nowadays,
after class
activities
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular
in
high
schools.　
　
[标准范文]
After class
Activities
Nowadays,_after class_activities_are_becoming_more_and_more_popular_in_high_schools.
In
our
school,
there
are
various
kinds
of
activities,
for
example,
arts
and
sports.
We
enjoy
them
very
much.
Playing
football
and
reading
stories
are
my
favorites
which
do
me
lots
of
good.
Besides
building
my
body
and
enriching
my
knowledge,
they
also
free
me
from
the
heavy
work
of
study.
Here
I
have
some
suggestions.
To
students,
you'd
better
choose
the
activities
which
interest
you
and
suit
you;
to
schools,
they
should
organize
more
activities
for
students
and
leave
students
more
time
for
activities
by
giving
them
less
homework.
Dear
friends,
please
actively
take
part
in
after class
activities,
which
will
not
only
make
your
school
life
colourful,
but
also
improve
your
learning.话题素材——全球变暖
好词
1.atmosphere
n.
大气；气氛
2.recycle
v.
回收利用
3.unbearable
adj.
难以忍受的
4.decline
vi.
减少；降低；下降
5.undertake
vt.
承担；从事；负责
6.arouse
people's
awareness
of
environmental
protection
提高人们的环保意识
7.bring...under
control
控制……
8.die
out
灭绝
9.white
pollution
白色污染
10.from
bad
to
worse
每况愈下
11.be
faced
with
面临
12.do
what
we
can
做我们能做的一切
13.reduce
pollution
减少污染
14.throw
away
丢弃
15.in
harmony
with
nature
与自然和谐相处
佳句
1.There_is_no_doubt_that
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
that
it_is_human_activities_that
have
caused
this
global
warming.
毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，全球变暖正是人类活动所致。
2.We'll
have
nowhere
to
live
in
the
future
unless
we
take_action_to_protect
the
earth
now.
如果我们现在不采取措施来保护地球，将来我们会无处生存。
3.It_is_well known_that
the
global
water
shortage
is
becoming
increasingly
severe
mainly
due
to
global
warming.
众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺问题正变得日益严重。
[精美语篇]
Dear
David，
I'm
glad
to
receive
your
letter.
I
have
learned
from
your
letter
that
you
are
concerned
about
the
smog
which
frequently
appears
in
some
areas
of
China.
Thank
you
for
your
concern.
I'm
also
very
worried
about
such
terrible
weather
because
it
has
brought
much
inconvenience
or
rather
harm
to
people's
health
such
as
traffic
jam,
road
accidents,
bad
coughs,
throat
hurts
and
even
lung
cancers
and
so
on.
As
everybody
knows,
a
good
environment
comes
from
good
protection.
So
we
should
do
what
we
can
to
make
a
difference.
Try
to
drive
less
and
choose
air friendly
products.
Only
when
everyone
has
the
environmental
awareness
can
we
have
cleaner
air.
I
hope
to
hear
from
you
soon
and
share
your
good
ideas.
Yours，
Li
Hua
高频单词
1．consume
(vt.)
消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→consumer
(n.)
消费者→consumption
(n.)
消费；消耗量
2．phenomenon
(n.)
现象→phenomena
(pl.)
现象3．quantity
(n.)
量；数量→(形近词)quality
(n.)
质量
4．tend
(vi.)
趋向；易于；照顾
(vt.)
照顾；护理→tendency
(n.)
倾向；趋势
5．oppose
(vt.)
反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed
(adj.)
反对的；对立的
6．mild
(adj.)
温和的；温柔的；淡的→mildly
(adv.)
温柔地；温和地
7．consequence
(n.)
结果；后果；影响→consequent
(adj.)
随后发生的；作为结果的→consequently
(adv.)
因此；所以
8．state
(vt.)
陈述；说明→statement
(n.)
说明；说法；表现
9．steady
(adj.)
平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily
(adv.)
平稳地；持续地
10．existence
(n.)
生存；存在→exist
(vi.)
存在
11．commitment
(n.)
承诺；交托；信奉→commit
(v.)
承诺；保证
12．pollution
(n.)
污染；弄脏→pollute
(vt.)
弄脏；污染
13．growth
(n.)
增长；生长→grow
(v.)
生长；增长；留长(头发/指甲)
14．contribution
(n.)
贡献→contribute
(v.)
贡献；投稿
15．electrical
(adj.)
电的；与电有关的→electricity
(n.)
电；电能
重点短语
1．come_about　　　　　发生；造成
2．rather_than
而不是
3．subscribe_to
同意；赞成；订购
4．quantities_of
大量的
5．go_up
上升；增长；升起
6．result_in
导致
7．be_opposed_to
反对……
8．even_if/though
即使
9．keep_on
继续
10．on_the_whole
大体上；基本上
11．on_behalf_of
代表……一方；作为……的代言人
12．put_up_with
忍受；容忍
13．so/as_long_as
只要
14．and_so_on
等等
热点句型
1．连词＋分词(when
compared
to/with)
That
probably
does
not
seem
much
to
you
or
me,
but
it
is
a
rapid
increase
when_compared_to(当与……相比的时候)
other
natural
changes.(教材P26)
2．There
is
no
doubt
that...“毫无疑问……”
There_is_no_doubt_that
(毫无疑问)
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer...(教材P26)
3．even
if引导让步状语从句
Even_if
(即使)
we
start
reducing
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gases,
the
climate
is
going
to
keep
on
warming
for
decades
or
centuries.(教材P27)
4．as/so
long
as引导条件状语从句；if
not省略句
It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so_long_as
(只要)
you
are
using
it－if_not
(如果不),
turn
it
off！(教材P30)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Get
your
parents
________
(buy)
things
that
are
economical
with
energy.
答案：to
buy
2．All
scientists
subscribe
to
the
view
________
the
increase
in
the
earth's
temperature
is
due
to
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels.
答案：that
3．It
means
that
more
heat
energy
tends
to
________
(trap)
in
the
atmosphere
causing
the
global
temperature
to
go
up.
答案：be
trapped
4．It
is
the
burning
of
more
and
more
fossil
fuels
________
has
resulted
in
this
increase
in
carbon
dioxide.
答案：that
5．Greenhouse
gases
continue
to
build
________
in
the
atmosphere.
答案：up
6．I
am
doing
a
project
on
behalf
________
my
school
about
global
warming.
答案：of
7．Together,
individuals
can
make
a
difference.
We
do
not
have
to
put
up
________
pollution.
答案：with
8．It
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming
rather
________
a
random
but
natural
phenomenon.
答案：than
9．It
takes
a
lot
of
energy
________
(make)
things
from
new
materials.
答案：to
make
10．Talk
with
your
family
and
friends
about
global
warming
and
tell
them
________
you
have
learned.
答案：what
1　quantity　n．量；数量；大量
The
problem
begins
when
we
add
huge
quantities
of
extra
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere.(P26)
当我们向空气中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始了。
归纳拓展
名师点睛
a
quantity
of与quantities
of这两个短语后均可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。“a
quantity
of＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities
of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数形式。
语境助记①As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
it
is
quality_rather_than_quantity
that
really
counts.就我个人而言，重要的是质量而不是数量。
②[朗文高阶]Large
quantities_of
oil
were
spilling
into
the
sea.
大量石油正溢入大海。
③A_quantity_of
vegetables
have
been
supplied
for
the
citizens.
已为市民提供了大量的蔬菜。
④[牛津高阶]It's
cheaper
to
buy
goods
in_quantity.
大量购物比较便宜。
2　oppose　vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
On
the
other
hand,
there
are
those,
like
George
Hambley,
who
are
opposed
to
this
view
and
believe
that
we
should
not
worry
about
high
levels
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air.(P27)
在另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治·汉布利，反对上面的观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。
归纳拓展
(1)oppose
(doing)
sth.
反对(做)某事
(2)opposed
adj.
相反的；对立的
be
opposed
to
反对……
(3)opposite
adj.
相反的；对立的
prep.
与……相反；在……对面
be
opposite
to
在……对面；与……相反
名师点睛
(1)oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，动词要用动名词形式。be
opposed
to结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动词的 ing形式。
(2)表示反对的其他表达：disagree
with,
object
to,
be
against等。
语境助记
①[朗文高阶]Congress
is
continuing
to
oppose
the
President's
health
care
budget.
国会继续反对总统的医疗保健预算。
②The
parents
strongly
opposed
their
daughter
going_there
alone.
那对父母极力反对他们的女儿单独去那里。
③[牛津高阶]She
remained
bitterly
opposed_to
the
idea
of
moving
abroad.
她仍然强烈反对移居国外。
④We
live
further
down
on_the_opposite_side_of
the
road.
我们住在马路对面再远一点的地方。
3　range　n．种类；范围；幅度；界限　v．(在一定范围内)变化；变动；排列
It
will
make
plants
grow
quicker;
crops
will
produce
more;
it
will
encourage
a
greater
range
of
animals－all
of
which
will
make
life
for
human
beings
better.(P27)
它会使植物长得更快；庄稼产量更丰富，并且它会促进各种动物的生长——所有这些都能更好地改变人类的生活。
归纳拓展
(1)a
wide
range
of...
范围广泛的；各种各样的
in/within
range
在射程以内；在范围内
beyond/out
of
range
在射程外；在范围外
beyond/out
of
one's
range
某人能力达不到的；某人知识以外的
(2)range
from...to...在……范围内变动；包括(由……到……之间的)各类事物
range
between...and...
在……和……范围内变动
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]As
a
result,
humans
developed
a_range_of
character
types
that
still
exists
today.
结果，人类形成的一系列的性格类型延续至今。
②They
will
include
introductions
to
a_wide_range_of
writing
styles,
from
poetry
to
play
writing.
它们将介绍不同的写作风格，从诗歌到戏剧创作。
③The
price
of
the
house
is
well
beyond_our_range.
这栋房子的价格远远超出了我们能承受的范围。
④The
listeners
are
mostly
middle
school
students,
ranging_from
12
to
18.
听众大多是中学生，其年龄从12岁到18岁不等。
4　glance　vi.看一下；瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视　n．一瞥；扫视
Glance
quickly
at
the
magazine
article
and
answer
the
questions.(P27)
迅速看一下杂志上的文章并回答问题。
归纳拓展
(1)glance
at/over/through
浏览；匆匆地看一眼
glance
off
擦过；掠过
(2)at
a
glance立刻；一眼；(只)看一眼
at
first
glance乍一看；乍看之下
take
a
glance
(at
sb./sth.)(朝某人/某物)一瞥；看一眼
语境助记
①She
glanced
down
at
me
through
her
glasses.
她透过眼镜低头瞥了我一眼。
②At_first_glance,_the
problem
seems
easy.
However,
later
you'll
find
it
difficult
to
work
out.
乍一看，这问题似乎很简单，然而，随后你就会发现它很难解决。
5　average　adj.平均的；普通的　n．平均；平均数　vt.&
vi.算出……的平均数；平均为
The
greenhouse
effect
gives
the
earth's
surface
the
average
temperature
of
15℃.(P29)
温室效应使地球表面的平均温度保持在15℃。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]She
was
just
an
average
high
school
athlete.
她只是一个普通的高中运动员。②[2016·四川高考]Both
men
and
women
are
living
longer
these
days
in
industrialized
countries.
However,
women,
on_average,_live
longer.
男性和女性在如今的工业化国家下活的时间都更长。然而，平均来看，女性活得更长于男性。
③It's
said
that
the
newspaper
office
receives
an_average_of
nearly
100
articles
a
day.
据说这个报社平均每天要收到接近一百篇稿件。
④To
their
great
joy,
their
son's
schoolwork
is
well
above_average.
令他们十分高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。
6　circumstance　n．(一般用复数)环境；情况
Recycle
cans,
bottles,
plastic
bags
and
newspapers
if
circumstances
allow
you
to.(P30)
如果情况允许的话，回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸。
归纳拓展
in/under
the
circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此
in/under
no
circumstances
决不；无论如何都不(置于句首时，句子倒装)
语境助记
①[朗文高阶]Prisoners
can
only
leave
their
cells
under_certain_circumstances.
只有在某些特定情况下囚犯才可以离开牢房。
②It's
dangerous,
so
don't
touch
it
under_any_circumstances.
(电)很危险，所以在任何情况下都不要去碰它。
③Under_no_circumstance
would
we
give
up
the
principle.
在任何情况下我们都不会放弃我们的原则。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Waste
water
from
the
factory
is
the
main
cause
of
the
________
(pollute)．
答案：pollution　考查词性转换。pollution名词，意为“污染”。
2．Large
________
(quantity)
of
water
have
been
polluted,
________
has
a
bad
effect
on
people's
health.
答案：quantities;
which　第一空考查固定搭配，large
quantities
of“许多；大量的”；第二空考查which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一句话的内容。
3．On
the
other
hand,
the
cost
of
everything
from
housing
to
education
has
risen
________
(steady)
in
recent
decades.
答案：steadily　考查词性转换。此处副词steadily修饰动词rise。
4．I'm
strongly
________
(oppose)
to
your
plan.
答案：opposed　考查固定搭配。be
opposed
to意为“反对”。
5．The
president
made
a
________(state)
announcing
new
policies
to
deal
with
the
new
situation.
答案：statement　考查词性转换。make
a
statement意为“发表声明”。
6．He
had
been
ill
for
a
long
time
and
________
(consequence)
he
was
behind
in
his
work.
答案：consequently　考查词性转换。句意：他病了很久，结果他工作滞后了。根据句意可知，此处用副词consequently。
7．Many
people
do
not
believe
the
________
(exist)
of
the
ghosts.
答案：existence　考查词性转换。句意：许多人不相信鬼魂的存在。由句意及空格前的the可知，应填名词形式。
8．If
something
bad
happens
on
a
particular
day,
people
have
a
________
(tend)
to
associate
that
day
with
negative
events.
答案：tendency　考查固定搭配。have
a
tendency
to
do
sth.意为“倾向/趋于做某事”。
9．I
took
a
glance
________
the
hall
and
found
many
familiar
faces
among
the
audience.
答案：at　考查固定搭配。take
a
glance
at意为“瞥一眼；看一眼”。
10．We
must
make
a
contribution
to
________
(protect)
the
environment.
答案：protecting　考查固定搭配。make
a
contribution
to
sth./doing意为“为……做贡献”。
1　come
about
发生；造成
So
how
has
this
come
about
and
does
it
matter？(P26)
那么，这种温度的上升是怎么产生的呢？它要紧吗？
归纳拓展
How
did
it
come
about
that...
……是怎样发生的？
come
across偶遇
come
into
being形成；产生；出现
come
into
power上台执政；当权
come
into
effect生效
come
out出版；结果是；发芽
come
up
with提出；想出
when
it
comes
to...当谈到……时
come
on跟着来；跟上来；[口]得啦；快点
come
to总计；达到；归纳为
名师点睛
come
about,
happen,
take
place和break
out这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词(短语)，不可用于被动语态。
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]She
has
a
mental
toughness
that
did
not
come_about
by
chance.
她的坚强精神并不是偶然发生的。
②How
did
it
come
about
that
he
knew
where
we
were
他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？
③In
fact,
when_it_comes_to
the
art
of
war,
ants
have
no
equal.
事实上，当谈到战争的艺术时，蚂蚁是无与伦比的。
④When
reading
articles
related
to
science,
we
often
come_across
difficult
or
unfamiliar
words.
阅读与科学相关的文章时，我们常常碰到难词或生词。
⑤I
was
amazed
that
he'd
come_up_with
such
a
sweet
idea.
我很吃惊他会想出如此好的主意。
⑥Come_on,_
we'll
be
late!
快点儿，我们要迟到了！
⑦用come
about,
happen,
take
place,
break
out的正确形式填空
a．No
one
can
understand
how
it
came_about.
b．Luckily
the
earthquake
didn't
happen
in
the
center
of
the
city.
c．A
war
broke_out
between
two
countries.
d．Great
changes
have
taken_place
in
our
hometown.
2　result
in导致
They
also
agree
that
it
is
the
burning
of
more
and
more
fossil
fuels
that
has
resulted
in
this
increase
in
carbon
dioxide.(P26)
他们还赞同下述观点，正是由于越来越多地燃烧化石燃料才导致了二氧化碳的增加。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]Their
wings
can
bridge
the
gap
between
lines,
resulting_in
electrocution
(电死)
if
they
touch
two
lines
at
once.
它们的翅膀能像桥梁一样架在两根线之间，因此如果它们碰到两根线，会立即被电死。
②However,
pollution
and
other
serious
problems
have
also
resulted_from
human
progress.
但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。
③As
we
all
know,
his
success
resulted_from
his
hard
work.
＝As
we
all
know,
his
hard
work
resulted_in
his
success.
众所周知，努力工作使他取得了成功。
④The
exam
was
of
vital
importance
for
me;
as_a_result,_I
had
no
choice
but
to
completely
focus
on
my
study.
那次考试对我来说非常重要，因此，我别无选择只好集中全部精力学习。
3　put
up
with
容忍；忍受
We
do
not
have
to
put
up
with
pollution.(P30)
我们没有必要忍受污染。
归纳拓展
put
aside
节省；储蓄；储存
put
away
收起来
put
forward
提出建议；把……向前拨
put
off
延期；推迟
put
out
熄灭；扑灭；伸出
put
on
穿上；上演
put
up
建造；张贴；供给……住宿
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]A
week
before
Earth
Day,
posters
were
put_up
around
our
school
calling
upon
us
to
join
in
the
actions
for
a
greener
earth.
在地球日的前一周，学校四处张贴海报，呼吁我们加入共建一个更加绿色的地球的行动。
②[朗文高阶]She
put_up_with
his
violent
temper.
她忍受了他暴躁的脾气。
③The
doctor
told
him
to
put_out
his
tongue.
医生要他伸出舌头。
④Who
put_forward
a
theory
about
black
holes
谁提出了黑洞理论？
⑤We
once
put_on
a
performance
of
Hamlet.
我们曾上演过《哈姆雷特》。
过关演练
选词填空
(put
up
with；
subscribe
to；
result
in；
go
up；
and
so
on；
be
opposed
to；
come
about；
under
no
circumstances；
on
the
whole；
on
behalf
of
1．We
simply
weigh
too
much,
________
a
lot
of
pressure
that
makes
us
sink.
答案：resulting
in
2．The
farm
grows
various
kinds
of
crops,
such
as
wheat,
corn,
cotton________.
答案：and
so
on
3．________________
should
you
leave
the
house.
答案：Under
no
circumstances
4．We
want
to
know
how
it
________
that
humans
speak
so
many
different
languages.
答案：came
about
5．Noise
is
coming
to
the
point
where
we
can't
________
it.
答案：put
up
with
6．The
other
day,
he
________
many
magazines
for
the
poor
children.
答案：subscribed
to
7．Prices
of
food
in
that
area
have
been
________
sharply
since
word
came
that
the
war
would
break
out
soon.
答案：going
up
8．Her
parents
________
the
program
at
first.
But
now
they
begin
to
support
it.
答案：were
opposed
to
9．________
everyone
here,
I
wish
you
a
pleasant
journey
back
to
your
country.答案：On
behalf
of
10．________，
Brooks's
story
is
acceptable.
答案：On
the
whole
1　It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so_long_as
you
are
using
it—if
not,
turn
it
off！(P30)
只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]As_long_as
there
have
been
codes,
people
have
tried
to
break
them.
只要有密码的存在，人们就试图破解它们。
②As_long_as
there
is
kindness
and
virtue,
the
world
will
become
more
beautiful.
只要有善良和美德，世界将变得更加美丽。
③It
took
three
times
as_long_as
I
had
expected.
这件事比我预料的多花了两倍的时间。
[联想]　根据as
long
as的本义“与……一样长”和引申义“只要”，理解记忆下面的含义。
短语
本意
引申义
as
well
as
和……一样好
也；和
as
far
as
远至……
就……而言
as
good
as
和……一样好
差不多；几乎
2　Even_if
we
start
reducing
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gases,
the
climate
is
going
to
keep
on
warming
for
decades
or
centuries.(P27)
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。
归纳拓展
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：
(1)用although,
though,
even
though,
even
if等引导让步状语从句需置于句首，意思是“尽管；虽然”。
(2)用while引导让步状语从句需置于句首，意思是“尽管；虽然”。
(3)用whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论……还是……”。
(4)用whatever,
whoever,
however,
whenever,
wherever等引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样/何时/哪里……”。
(5)用as引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然；尽管”。用作此意时必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]Such
start up
fatigue
is
very
real,
even_if
not
actually
physical,
but
something
in
our
muscles
and
bones.
即使不是真的身体的原因，而是我们肌肉和骨骼中某种东西的原因，这种启动疲劳也是很真实地存在的。
②Though
we're
born
stupid,
only
the
stupid
remain
that
way.
虽然我们生来就愚蠢，但只有愚蠢的人仍然这样。
③[牛津高阶]While
I
am
willing
to
help,
I
do
not
have
much
time
available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但没有多少时间。
④[朗文高阶]Try
as
she
might,
Sue
couldn't
get
the
door
open.
无论苏怎样努力，她就是打不开门。
⑤He
does
whatever
she
asks
him
to
do.
无论她要求他做什么，他都会去做。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．________
breaks
the
law
will
be
punished.
答案：Whoever　考查连接代词whoever。句意：无论谁违法都要受到惩罚。whoever引导让步状语从句且在从句中作主语。
2．There
is
no
doubt
________
he
will
be
elected.
答案：that　考查固定句式。there
is
no
doubt
that...意为“毫无疑问……”。
3．Whether
go
out
________
stay
in
the
dorm
depends
on
the
weather.
答案：or　考查固定搭配。whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”。
4．When
I
was
a
child,
I
could
watch
TV
________
I
wanted
to.
答案：whenever　考查whenever引导状语从句。句意：我小的时候，无论什么时候想看电视都能看。
5．Our
products
are
of
higher
quality
and
lower
prices
when
________
(compare)
to
those
of
our
competitors.
答案：compared　考查省略句。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省去从句的主语与be动词。when
compared
to...“当与……相比的时候”省去了they
are。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________
you
have
direct
control
over
your
goal,
you
have
a
much
higher
chance
of
success.
只要你可以掌控自己的目标，你成功的机会就会更大。
答案：As/So
long
as
2．Hard
________________，
he
makes
little
progress.
尽管他工作努力，但进步很小。
答案：as
he
works
3．You
have
to
study
hard
________________
you
are
very
clever.
即使你很聪明，也得努力学习。
答案：even
if/though
it的用法(2)
It用于强调句型中
1．It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他，这个句型可以强调主语、宾语、介词短语及状语。
I
met
Tom
in
the
park
yesterday.
→It
was
in
the
park
that
I
met
Tom
yesterday.
2．强调句的特殊疑问句句型为：特殊疑问词＋is/was
it
that/who＋陈述句
What
did
you
want
to
find
yesterday
→What
was
it
that
you
wanted
to
find
yesterday
3．强调句与名词性从句的结合
I
want
to
know
what
you
wanted
to
find
yesterday.
→I
want
to
know
what
it
was
that
you
wanted
to
find
yesterday.
4．It
is/was
not
until＋被强调部分＋that...
I
didn't
realize
she
was
a
famous
film
star
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses.
→It
was
not
until
she
took
off
her
glasses
that
I
realized
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
It常用的固定搭配
1．make
it
(1)在口语中相当于succeed，表示“成功做到；及时到达”等。
(2)在口语中相当于fix
the
date
for，表示“约定好时间”。
No
matter
how
hard
it
is,
I
will
make
it
one
day.
2．Take
it
easy.
口语中相当于“Don't
worry.”或“Don't
hurry.”，用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌、沉住气、别担心”。
Take
it
easy!
He
will
do
it
well!
3．It
all
depends./That
all
depends.
口语中相当于“It
hasn't
been
decided
yet.”表示“那得看情况，还未定下来。”－Are
you
going
to
the
countryside
for
a
holiday
－It
all
depends.
4．It's
up
to
sb.
口语中，相当于“It's
decided
by
sb.”表示“由……决定/由……负责/取决于……”。
－Shall
we
go
out
for
dinner
－It's
up
to
you.
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．________
wasn't
until
two
days
ago
that
Dad
allowed
me
to
drive
on
the
motorway.
答案：It　考查强调句型。句意：直到两天前父亲才允许我驾车上高速公路。It
is/was
not
until...that...为not...until...句型的强调句形式。
2．Andy
is
content
with
the
toy.________
is
the
best
he
has
ever
got.
答案：It　考查代词。句意：安迪很满意这个玩具。这是他至今得到的最好的玩具。It指代the
toy。
3．________
is
up
to
you
to
decide
whether
we
should
go
or
not.
答案：It　考查固定句式。句意：由你决定我们是去还是不去。be
up
to
sb.意为“由某人决定”。
4．________
has
been
a
month
since
I
came
to
this
new
school
and
I
really
want
to
share
with
you
some
of
the
problems
I
have
been
experiencing.
答案：It　考查固定句式。句意：自从我来到这所新学校已经一个月了，我真想和你分享一下我经历的一些问题。“It
has
been＋时间段＋since...”意为“自从……已经多久了”。
5．I
thought
he
would
be
too
old
to
get
to
the
top
of
the
mountain,
but
he
made
________
at
last.
答案：it　考查固定搭配。句意：我原以为他年纪大爬不到山顶，但最后他做到了。make
it意为“成功做到；及时到达”。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
Imagine
waking
up
in
a
hospital
bed.
And
the
entire
left
side
of
your
body
isn't
movable.
This
was
the
__1__
I
found
myself
in
after
my
crash.
I
__2__
so
severely
for
my
head
and
neck
were
twisted
(扭曲)
to
one
side
and
stuck
in
that
disturbing
__3__.
The
prognosis
(预断)
for
my
__4__
was
not
good.
The
doctor
told
my
family,
“I
__5__
to
say
this,
but
he'll
be
lucky
to
survive
the
next
48
hours.”
__6__
as
my
family
was
at
the
news,
the
one
thing
that
had
been
holding
them
together
was
the
__7__
that
with
the
proper
medical
treatment,
I
could
recover.
The
doctor's
prognosis
hit
them
like
a
hammer,
__8__
any
hope.
The
__9__
that
I
might
die
touched
each
of
them
deeply.
For
the
next
two
days,
my
parents
kept
waiting
outside
my
room.
They
could
__10__
eat
or
sleep.
The
doctor's
prognosis
__11__
heavily
on
their
hearts.
Yet
with
each
passing
hour
they
became
slightly
more
hopeful
that
my
chances
of
__12__
were
a
little
bit
better.
With
the
__13__
48
hours
passing,
although
I
was
once
__14__
to
the
limit
of
my
life,
I
__15__
to
quit
my
life,
so
they
felt
somewhat
__16__.
Maybe
the
doctor
had
made
a(n)
__17__.
After
all,
doctors
aren't
necessarily
right.
Bit
by
bit,
hope
began
to
return
to
them.
__18__，
they
still
had
no
idea
what
the
future
held
for
me.
My
survival
surprised
everyone.
It
would
not
have
been
__19__
if
not
for
my
determination
not
to
quit
my
life.
__20__
will
always
happen
around
you
as
long
as
you
don't
give
up.
篇章导读：这是一篇记叙文。作者在一次车祸中险些丧生，医生认为他只能活48个小时，而他奇迹般地活下来，这要归功于他的坚定意志。通过本文，作者告诉大家只要我们不放弃，奇迹在任何时候都会出现。
1．A．despair　B．situation　C．place　　
D．pain
答案：B　上文提到作者醒来时在医院躺着，并且整个左半身不能移动，这是作者出车祸后的一种处境(situation)。
2．A．choked
B．trembled
C．enjoyed
D．suffered
答案：D　根据上文的描述可知，作者遭受(suffered)了巨大的痛苦。
3．A．position
B．action
C．behavior
D．height
答案：A　由上文提到的作者的头和脖子被扭到了一边可知，这里是指处于一种令人不安的姿势(position)。
4．A．spirit
B．disability
C．recovery
D．treatment
答案：C　由下文提及的作者只能幸运地活48小时可知，医生对作者康复(recovery)的预断是不乐观的。
5．A．regret
B．decide
C．tend
D．wish
答案：A　下文是提及不好的事情，所以这里是遗憾(regret)地去说这件事情。
6．A．Impatient
B．Angry
C．Confused
D．Upset
答案：D　尽管家人听到这个消息是伤心的(upset)，但是他们还是抱有一丝希望。
7．A．desire
B．intention
C．hope
D．lie
答案：C　此处表示通过恰当地医治，作者可能会康复是家人对作者的一丝希望(hope)。
8．A．offering
B．destroying
C．raising
D．abandoning
答案：B　句意：医生的预断对我的家人来说尤如当头一棒，摧毁(destroy)了他们的希望。
9．A．exception
B．choice
C．fact
D．acceptance
答案：C　此处是指作者可能会因车祸丧生的事实(fact)深深地触动了家中的每个人。
10．A．barely
B．gradually
C．hopelessly
D．slightly
答案：A　由上文可知，接下来的两天，作者的父母一直等在门外，此处表示他们很少(barely)吃饭和睡觉。
11．A．reacted
B．weighed
C．froze
D．expanded
答案：B　由语境可知，医生对作者病情的预断让作者的家人感到心碎。weigh
on
sb.
/sth.
“加重……的思想负担；使焦虑不安”。
12．A．promotion
B．escape
C．improvement
D．survival
答案：D　根据下文提到的作者活了下来可知，这里是家人对作者的存活(survival)抱有希望。
13．A．convincing
B．disappointing
C．exciting
D．frightening
答案：D　医生估计作者只能活48小时，所以这48小时是令人害怕的(frightening)。
14．A．directed
B．pushed
C．ordered
D．guided
答案：B　根据上文描述的作者病情很严重可知，虽然作者被推(pushed)到了生命的边缘，但是作者拒绝放弃生命。
15．A．refused
B．pretended
C．struggled
D．attempted
答案：A　作者意志坚定，拒绝(refused)放弃生命。
16．A．confident
B．satisfied
C．relieved
D．stressful
答案：C　作者度过了48小时，家人看到了希望，所以感到宽慰(relieved)。
17．A．joke
B．guess
C．apology
D．mistake
答案：D　由上文医生说作者只能活48小时可知，医生犯了一个错误(mistake)。空格后的“After
all,
doctors
aren't
necessarily
right.”也有提示。
18．A．However
B．Therefore
C．Instead
D．Besides
答案：A　虽然看到了希望，但他们不知道作者的未来会怎么样，前后构成转折关系，故用“但是”(however)。
19．A．alarming
B．possible
C．reasonable
D．pessimistic
答案：B　由上下文可知，如果不是作者顽强地不放弃生命，作者的存活是不可能(not
possible)的。
20．A．Accidents
B．Coincidences
C．Miracles
D．Successes
答案：C　由语境可知，只要不放弃，奇迹(miracles)就会发生在我们身上。一个医生预测只能活48小时的车祸伤员，竟凭着顽强的意志活了下来，堪称奇迹。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·河北枣强中学检测]Even
if
trees
cannot
walk,
they
are
still
on
the
move.
In
parts
of
the
Arctic,
entire
forests
are
moving
northward.
Across
the
Arctic,
temperatures
are
rising
faster
than
anywhere
else
in
the
world.
As
that
happens,
the
tree
line
that
marks
where
forests
stop
and
the
treeless
tundra
(冻原)
starts
has
been
moving
northward.
Trees
growing
along
the
tree
line
must
protect
themselves
from
the
cold
wind.
To
do
this,_plants
tend
to
grow
horizontal
(水平的)
branches
low
to
the
ground.
The
energy
it
takes
for
trees
to
grow
this
way
means
they
don't
have
enough
energy
to
make
seeds.
But
as
Earth's
climate
has
been
warming,
trees
no
longer
have
to
just
grow
horizontally.
Many
can
instead
grow
up
toward
the
sky.
This
takes
less
energy.
This
happens
especially
in
places
where
white
spruce
(白云杉)
grows.
White
spruce,
which
is
a
North
American
tree,
is
quite
able
to
produce
a
lot
of
seeds,
which
can
move
long
distances
in
the
wind.
When
wind blown
seeds
end
up
on
the
tundra
beyond
the
tree
line,
they
finally
sprout
(发芽)
new
trees.
This
explains
how
a
forest
can
move.
Of
course,
the
process
would
work
only
if
the
tundra
were
warm
enough.
But
in
recent
years,
the
whole
planet
has
been
warming.
New
trees
will
provide
shelter
for
some
snow.
Keeping
the
sun's
rays
from
making
the
white
surface
disappear.
Instead,
the
trees
absorb
the
sun's
heat.
This
warms
the
air
around.
The
extra
warmth
encourages
even
more
trees
to
produce
seeds.
That
further
increases
a
forest's
ability
to
expand.
What's
more,
more
trees
will
trap
more
snow,
preventing
much
of
it
from
being
blown
away.
Snow
can
trap
heat
in
the
soil
below,
which
encourages
trees
to
grow.
The
recent
rise
of
temperatures
has
helped
more
trees
grow
past
the
tree
line.
People
worry
about
effects
on
the
animals
that
depend
on
frozen
conditions
for
food
and
shelter.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文中讲述的是即使树不能走路，它们仍然在移动。文章介绍了树移动的原因，以及全球变暖对树木的影响。
1．What
is
the
main
cause
of
the
trees
in
the
Arctic
moving
northward
A．The
reducing
of
northern
tundra.
B．The
rising
temperature.
C．The
cold
and
strong
wind.
D．The
rich
resources
in
the
north.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“Across
the
Arctic,
temperatures
are
rising
faster
than
anywhere
else
in
the
world.
As
that
happens,
the
tree
line
that
marks
where
forests
stop
and
the
treeless
tundra
(冻原)
starts
has
been
moving
northward.”(在北极地区，温度比世界上任何地方都要上升得快。当这一切发生时，标志着森林结束和寸木不生的冻原开始的树线就一直向北移动。)可知，在北极树木向北移动的主要原因是温度升高。故选B。
2．What
does
the
underlined
word
“this”
in
Paragraph
2
mean
A．To
produce
more
seeds.
B．To
move
northward.
C．To
respond
to
the
climate
change.
D．To
protect
themselves
from
the
cold
wind.
答案：D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“Trees
growing
along
the
tree
line
must
protect
themselves
from
the
cold
wind.”可知，沿着树线生长的树木必须保护自己免受寒风的袭击。由此可知，此处this指的是保护它们免受寒风的袭击。故选D。
3．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph
A．New
trees
can
trap
the
snow,
which
may
make
the
soil
colder.
B．The
trapped
snow
prevents
new
trees
from
producing
more
seeds.
C．New
trees
can
make
the
air
around
warmer.
D．New
trees
can
bring
more
food
and
shelter
to
local
animals.
答案：C　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“New
trees
will
provide
shelter
for
some
snow.”(新的树木将为一些雪提供庇护。)和第三、四句“Instead,
the
trees
absorb(吸收)
the
sun's
heat.
This
warms
the
air
around.”(相反，树木吸收太阳的热量，这温暖了周围的空气。)可知，新的树木可以使周围的空气更温暖。故选C。
1．seed
n.
种子
2.distance
n.
距离
3．shelter
n．/vt.
庇护所；躲避；避难
4．trap
vt./n.
使陷入困境；陷阱
5．frozen
adj.
冷冻的；结冰的
1．end
up
最终来到；最后处于
2.blow
away
吹走；吹跑
B
[2016·江苏高考]El
Ni o,
a
Spanish
term
for
“the
Christ
child”，
was
named
by
South
American
fishermen
who
noticed
that
the
global
weather
pattern,
which
happens
every
two
to
seven
years,
reduced
the
amount
of
fishes
caught
around
Christmas.
El
Ni o
sees
warm
water,
collected
over
several
years
in
the
western
Pacific,
flow
back
eastwards
when
winds
that
normally
blow
westwards
weaken,
or
sometimes
the
other
way
round.
The
weather
effects,
both
good
and
bad,
are
felt
in
many
places.
Rich
countries
gain
more
from
powerful
Ni os,
on
balance,
than
they
lose.
A
study
found
that
a
strong
Ni o
in
1997 98
helped
America's
economy
grow
by
$15
billion,
partly
because
of
better
agricultural
harvests:
farmers
in
the
Midwest
gained
from
extra
rain.
The
total
rise
in
agricultural
incomes
in
rich
countries
is
greater
than
the
fall
in
poor
ones.
But
in
Indonesia
extremely
dry
forests
are
in
flames.
A
multi year
drought
(干旱)
in
south east
Brazil
is
becoming
worse.
Though
heavy
rains
brought
about
by
El
Ni o
may
relieve
the
drought
in
California,
they
are
likely
to
cause
surface
flooding
and
other
disasters.
The
most
recent
powerful
Ni o,
in
1997 98,
killed
around
21,000
people
and
caused
damage
worth
$36
billion
around
the
globe.
But
such
Ni os
come
with
months
of
warning,
and
so
much
is
known
about
how
they
happen
that
governments
can
prepare.
According
to
the
Overseas
Development
Institute
(ODI),
however,
just
12%
of
disaster relief
funding
in
the
past
two
decades
has
gone
on
reducing
risks
in
advance,
rather
than
recovery
and
rebuilding
afterwards.
This
is
despite
evidence
that
a
dollar
spent
on
risk reduction
saves
at
least
two
on
reconstruction.
Simple
improvements
to
infrastructure
(基础设施)
can
reduce
the
spread
of
disease.
Better
sewers
(下水道)
make
it
less
likely
that
heavy
rain
is
followed
by
an
outbreak
of
the
disease
of
bad
stomach.
Stronger
bridges
mean
villages
are
less
likely
to
be
left
without
food
and
medicine
after
floods.
According
to
a
paper
in
2011
by
Mr
Hsiang
and
co authors,
civil
conflict
is
related
to
El
Ni o's
harmful
effects—and
the
poorer
the
country,
the
stronger
the
link.
Though
the
relationship
may
not
be
causal，
helping
divided
communities
to
prepare
for
disasters
would
at
least
reduce
the
risk
that
those
disasters
are
followed
by
killing
and
wounding
people.
Since
the
poorest
are
least
likely
to
make
up
for
their
losses
from
disasters
linked
to
El
Ni o,
reducing
their
losses
needs
to
be
the
priority.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文中主要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象名称的由来、发生的时间、造成的影响，督促人们加强风险前资金的投入，改进基础设施，为厄尔尼诺现象的发生做好准备。
4．What
can
we
learn
about
El
Ni o
in
Paragraph
1
A．It
is
named
after
a
South
American
fisherman.
B．It
takes
place
almost
every
year
all
over
the
world.
C．It
forces
fishermen
to
stop
catching
fish
around
Christmas.
D．It
sees
the
changes
of
water
flow
direction
in
the
ocean.
答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“El
Ni o
sees
warm
water,
collected
over
several
years
in
the
western
Pacific,
flow
back
eastwards
when
winds
that
normally
blow
westwards
weaken,
or
sometimes
the
other
way
round.”可知，厄尔尼诺现象见证了大海中水流方向的变化。故选D。
5．What
may
El
Ni os
bring
about
to
the
countries
affected
A．Agricultural
harvests
in
rich
countries
fall.
B．Droughts
become
more
harmful
than
floods.
C．Rich
countries'
gains
are
greater
than
their
losses.
D．Poor
countries
suffer
less
from
droughts
economically.
答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Rich
countries
gain
more
from
powerful
Ni os,
on
balance,
than
they
lose.”可知，总的来说富裕国家从强有力的厄尔尼诺现象中收获的比失去的多。故C项正确。
6．The
data
provided
by
ODI
in
Paragraph
4
suggest
that
________.
A．more
investment
should
go
to
risk
reduction
B．governments
of
poor
countries
need
more
aid
C．victims
of
El
Ni o
deserve
more
compensation
D．recovery
and
reconstruction
should
come
first
答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章第四段第三句“According
to...
(ODI),
however,
just
12%
of
disaster relief
funding
in
the
past
two
decades
has
gone
on
reducing
risks
in
advance...”可知，在过去二十年里仅有12%的灾难救济资金用于提前降低风险，因此第四段旨在说明应该投入更多的资金来降低风险。
7．What
is
the
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
passage
A．To
introduce
El
Ni o
and
its
origin.
B．To
explain
the
consequences
of
El
Ni o.
C．To
show
ways
of
fighting
against
El
Ni o.
D．To
urge
people
to
prepare
for
El
Ni o.
答案：D　推理判断题。综合全文内容并结合文章最后一段可知，本文旨在督促人们为厄尔尼诺现象做好准备。
1．term
n.
术语；学期；条款
2.flame
n.
火苗；火焰
3．reconstruction
n.
重建；改造
4．causal
adj.
因果关系的；有原因的
5．priority
n.
优先事项；首要事情
1．the
other
way
round
相反；反过来
2．bring
about
导致；引起
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
Mrs
White
was
in
hurry
to
visit
her
grandson
because
she
missed
her
very
much.
It
was
nearly
three
months
when
she
last
saw
her
grandson.
When
she
was
walking
by
a
playground,
a
football
fly
in
her
direction.
She
was
already
in
her
seventy.
Should
she
kick
the
ball
back
and
should
she
just
go
past
leave
it
where
it
was？Finally
she
gave
it
a
kick
with
greatly
effort
and
the
ball
went
straight
on
into
the
goal.
What
amazing
it
was!
She
helped
them
win
the
game.
答案：
Mrs
White
was
in
hurry
to
visit
her
grandson
because
she
missed
very
much.
It
was
nearly
three
months
she
last
saw
her
grandson.
When
she
was
walking
by
a
playground,
a
football
in
her
direction.
She
was
already
in
her
.
Should
she
kick
the
ball
back
should
she
just
go
past
it
where
it
was
Finally
she
gave
it
a
kick
with
effort
and
the
ball
went
straight
into
the
goal.
amazing
it
was!
She
helped
them
win
the
game.
第一处：hurry前加a　in
a
hurry为固定搭配，意为“匆匆忙忙地”。
第二处：her→him　人称代词指代前后要一致。
第三处：when→since　根据句意可知，用since“自从”。
第四处：fly→flew　根据上下文可知，用一般过去时。
第五处：seventy→seventies　in
her
seventies意为“在她七十几岁的时候”。
第六处：and→or　本句为选择疑问句，应用or。
第七处：leave→leaving　考查现在分词作伴随状语。
第八处：greatly→great　用形容词great修饰名词effort。
第九处：去掉on　go
straight
into...意为“直接进入；径直走进……”。
第十处：What→How　考查感叹句“How＋adj.＋主语＋系动词”句型。选修6
话题素材——艺术
好词
1.appreciation
n.
欣赏
2.inspiration
n.
灵感；启发
3.vivid
adj.
栩栩如生的；鲜艳的
4.works
n.
著作；作品
5.typical
adj.
典型的；有代表性的
6.on
exhibition
在展示中
7.sense
of
beauty
美感
8.work
of
art
艺术作品9.under
the
influence
of
受……的影响
10.break
away
(from)
脱离；放弃
11.enrich
one's
life
丰富某人的生活
12.for
sale
待售
13.show
one's
talent
for...
展现对……的天赋
14.shape
one's
character
塑造某人的品格
15.art_gallery
画廊；美术馆
佳句
1.Both
his
paintings
and
his
passion
for
art
have_given_me_endless_inspiration.
他的画作和他对艺术的热爱都给了我无尽的灵感。
2.The
exhibition
gives
local
artists
an_opportunity_to_display_their_works.
这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。
3.As_for
art,
there
are
so
many
great
artists
that_I_just_admire.
关于艺术，有那么多我崇拜的艺术家。
[精美语篇]
Dear
John，
I
have
good
news
to
tell
you.
A
famous
Shaoxing
Opera,
Butter
fly
Lovers,
will
be
put
on
in
Tianjin
Grand
Theater
at
2：00
p．m.
on
August
the
fifth.
I
know
you
take
a
great
fancy
to
Chinese
culture,
especially
the
local
operas.
I
hope
this
opportunity
will
not
only
make
you
happy,
but
also
satisfy
your
interest
in
Chinese
operas.
If
you
can
come,
I
suggest
we
have
a
look
at
the
Museum
of
the
Traditional
Opera
near
the
theater
after
the
performance.
There,
I
believe,
you
can
know
the
history
of
many
Chinese
operas,
which
can
increase
your
knowledge
about
Chinese
culture.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
高频单词
1．faith
(n.)
信任；信心；信念→faithful
(adj.)
忠实的→faithfully
(adv.)
忠实地
2．typical
(adj.)
典型的；有代表性的→type
(n.)
种类；类型
(v.)
打字
3．consequently
(adv.)
所以；因而→consequent
(adj.)
作为结果的；随之发生的→consequence
(n.)
结果；影响
4．aim
(n.)
目标；目的
(vi.&vt.)
瞄准；(向某方向)努力→(反义词)aimless
(adj.)
无目的的
5．evident
(adj.)
明显的；明白的→evidence
(n.)
证据
6．possess
(vt.)
拥有；具有；支配→possession
(n.)
(尤作复数)所有；财产
7．predict
(vt.)
预言；预告；预测→prediction
(n.)
预言；预测→predictable
(adj.)
可预见的→predictor
(n.)
预言者
8．exhibition
(n.)
展览；陈列；展览会→exhibit
(vt.&vi.)
陈列；展览
9．civilization
(n.)
文明；文化；文明社会→civilize
(vt.)
使文明；使开化→civilized
(adj.)
文明的；开化的
10．preference
(n.)
喜爱；偏爱→prefer
(vt.)
宁愿；更喜欢
11．visual
(adj.)
视觉的；看得见的→vision
(n.)
视力；视觉；洞察力→visually
(adv.)
视觉上地；真实地
12．contemporary
(adj.)
当代的；同时代的
(n.)
同辈人；同代人
13．technique
(n.)技术；方法；技能→technical(adj.)技术的；工艺的；与技术有关的
14．coincidence
(n.)巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident
(adj.)巧合的15．adopt
(vt.)采用；采纳；收养→adoption
(n.)收养；采取→adopted
(adj.)收养的，领养的
16．attempt
(n.)努力；尝试；企图
(vt.)尝试；企图→attempted
(adj.)未遂的
17．appeal
(vi.)有感染力；呼吁；求助
(vt.)将……上诉
(n.)呼吁；恳求→appealing
(adj.)有吸引力的
重点短语
1．concentrate_on　　　　集中
2．as_well_as
也；还；而且
3．by_coincidence
巧合地
4．in_the_late_19th_century
在19世纪晚期
5．a_great_deal
大量
6．lead_to
导致
7．scores_of...
大量的……
8．on_the_other_hand
(可是)另一方面
9．in_the_flesh
活着的；本人
10．have_a_preference_for
偏爱
11．appeal_to
(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
12．lie_in
在于；位于
热点句型
1．It
is/was＋adj.＋that...(主语从句)
But
it_was_evident_that
(很显然)
ideas
were
changing
in
the
13th
century
when
painters
like
Giotto
di
Bondone
began
to
paint
religious
scenes
in
a
more
realistic
way.(教材P2)
2．without短语用于含蓄虚拟条件句
Without_the_new_paints
(没有新的颜料)
and
the
new
technique,
we
would_not_be_able_to_see
(就不能看到)
the
many
great
masterpieces
for
which
this
period
is
famous.(教材P2)
3．表语提前引起的倒装句
Among_the_painters
(在那些画家中)
who
broke
away
from
the
traditional
style
of
painting
were_the_Impressionists
(是印象派画家)，who
lived
and
worked
in
Paris.(教材P2)
4．On
the
one
hand...,
on
the
other
hand...“一方面，另一方面……”
On_the_other_hand
(另一方面),
some
paintings
of
modern
art
are
so
realistic
that
they
look
like
photographs.(教材P3)
5．would
rather
do...
than
do...
“宁愿干……而不愿干……”
Many
art
lovers
would_rather_visit
(宁愿参观)
this
small
art
gallery
than
(而不参观)
any
other
in
New
York.(教材P6)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．A
typical
picture
at
this
time
was
full
of
religious
symbols,
________
created
a
feeling
of
respect
and
love
for
God.
答案：which
2．Consequently,
this
text
will
describe
only
the
most
important
ones,
________
(start)
from
the
sixth
century
AD.
答案：starting
3．You
can
also
explore
Frick's
beautiful
home
and
garden
which
________
(be)
well
worth
a
visit.
答案：are
4．The
reputation
of
this
museum
lies
________
the
variety
of
its
art
collection.
答案：in
5．It
is
amazing
that
so
many
great
works
of
art
from
the
late
19th
century
to
the
21st
century
________
(house)
in
the
same
museum.
答案：are
housed
6．The
Impressionists
were
the
first
painters
________
(work)
outdoors.
答案：to
work
7．Today
they
are
accepted
as
the
beginning
of
________
we
call
“modern
art”．
答案：what
8．Some
paintings
of
modern
art
are
so
realistic
________
they
look
like
photographs.
答案：that
9．It
will
appeal
to
those
________
love
Impressionist
and
Post Impressionist
paintings.
答案：who
10．This
covers
more
than
5,000
years
of
civilization
from
many
parts
of
the
world,
________
(include)
America,
Europe,
China,
Egypt.
答案：including
1　aim　n．目标；目的；瞄准　vt.&
vi.瞄准；对准；旨在
During
the
Middle
Ages,
the
main
aim
of
painters
was
to
represent
religious
themes.(P2)
在中世纪，画家们的主要目的是表现宗教主题。
归纳拓展
(1)aim
at
向……瞄准；对准
aim
at
doing
力争做到；目的在于
aim
to_do
sth.
旨在做某事
be
aimed
at＝be
intended
for
目的是；旨在
(2)achieve/realize
one's
aim
达到目的
with
the
aim
of
带着……的目的
take
aim
at...
把目标对准……
(3)aimless
adj.
没有方向的；无目标的；无计划的
语境助记
①This
activity
is_aimed_at
improving
the
students'
ability
of
listening
and
speaking.
这项活动的目的是提高学生们的听说能力。
②[牛津高阶]She
went
to
London
with_the_aim_of
finding
a
job.
她去伦敦是为了找工作。
③Teamwork
is
required
in
order
to
achieve_these_aims.
要达到这些目的需要团队协作。
④It
is
evident
that
his
life
seems_aimless.
显而易见他的生活似乎没有目标。
2　adopt　vt.采用；采纳；收养
People
began
to
concentrate
less
on
religious
themes
and
adopt
a
more
humanistic
attitude
to
life.(P2)
人们开始淡化宗教主题，并且采纳更人性化的人生态度。
归纳拓展
(1)adopt
an
idea
采纳建议
adopt
an
approach/a
policy/an
attitude
采取方法/政策/态度
(2)adopted
adj.
被收养的；被采用的
(3)adoption
n.
采纳；采用；收养
名师点睛
adopt和adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差，应特别注意其含义上的差别。
语境助记
①It
is
said
that
the
headmaster
has_adopted_our_suggestion.
据说校长已采纳了我们的建议。
②Another
peasant
family
adopted_him_as
their
own
son.
另一户农民把他收养起来，作为自己的儿子。
③His
adopted
son
went
abroad
last
week.
他的养子上周出国了。
易混辨析
adopt
表示“采纳(意见、计划、方法等)，采用；收养”等
adapt
表示“适应”，常用adapt
oneself
to表示“适应……”
④[一言辨异]The
young
couple
had
no
children
of
their
own
and
adopted
an
orphan.
After
a
few
months,
the
child
came
to
adapt
to
his
new
life.
这对年轻夫妇没有自己的儿女，他们收养了一个孤儿。几个月后，这个孩子逐渐适应了新的生活。
3　possession　n．(尤作复数)所有；财产
They
paid
famous
artists
to
paint
pictures
of
themselves,
their
house
and
possessions
as
well
as
their
activities
and
achievements.(P2)
他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。
归纳拓展
(1)in
possession
of
拥有；占有
in
the
possession
of
sb.＝in
one's
possession
为某人所有；归某人所有
take/have
possession
of
拥有；占有
(2)possess
vt.
拥有；具有；支配
be
possessed
of
有；拥有
名师点睛
语境助记
①My
most
valuable
possessions
were
my
relationships
with
my
neighbors.
我最宝贵的财富就是和邻居的关系。
②[朗文高阶]She
was
found
in_possession_of
stolen
goods.
她被发现窝藏赃物。
③Although
he
doesn't
possess
much
money,
he
is
possessed_of
good
health.
虽然他没有很多钱，但是他拥有健康的身体。
④We've
already
bought
the
house
but
we
won't
take_possession_of
it
until
May.
我们已经买了这座房子，但要到五月份才能拿到。
⑤[2016·四川高考]They
have
a
different
kind
of
superpower
that
all_of_us_possess:_the
power
to
make
a
difference
in
the
lives
of
others.
他们有一种不同于我们都具备的超能力：那种能对他人生活产生影响的能力。
4　attempt　n．努力；尝试；企图　vt.尝试；企图
On
the
one
hand,
some
modern
art
is
abstract;
that
is,
the
painter
does
not
attempt
to
paint
objects
as
we
see
them
with
our
eyes...(P3)
一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来……
归纳拓展
(1)attempt
sth.
尝试某事
attempt
to_do/at
doing...
尝试/试图做……
(2)make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing...
尝试做……
at
one's/the
first
attempt
第一次尝试
(3)attempted
adj.
未遂的
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]I
will
attempt_to_answer
all
your
questions.
我将努力回答你的全部问题。
②I
passed
my
driving
test
at_the_first_attempt.
我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。
③I've
made
an_attempt_to_convince
her
of
his
honesty,
but
in
vain.
我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
5　figure　n．数字；身材；画像　v．计算；认为；估计
The
art
of
making
figures,
objects,
etc
out
of
stone,
wood,
clay
etc.(P4)
从石头、木材、黏土等中制作模型、物件等的艺术。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Sitting
back
in
the
car
on
the
way
to
the
airport,
I
figured_it
all
out.
坐在去机场的车里，我想明白了一切。
②It
didn't
take
the
children
long
to
figure_out
the
correct
answer.
孩子们没有花很长时间就算出了正确答案。
③She
does
exercise
every
morning
to
keep_her_figure.
她每天早上做运动以保持身材。
④[2016·北京高考]As
for
my_favorite_figure
in
Chinese
history,
it
must
be
Wei
Yuan,
a
great
thinker
in
the
late
Qing
Dynasty.
关于中国历史上我最喜欢的人物，那一定非魏源莫属——一个清末的伟大思想家。
过关演练
单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．She
refused
to
allow
the
________(exhibit)
of
her
husband's
works.答案：exhibition　考查词性转换。句意：她不允许展出她丈夫的作品。exhibition
名词“展览；展出”。2．One
reason
for
her
________(prefer)
for
city
life
is
that
she
can
have
easy
access
to
places
like
shops
and
restaurants.
答案：preference　考查词性转换。preference“喜爱；偏爱”。
3．Dale
took
his
mother's
advice,
tried
desperately
and
after
several
________
(attempt)
finally
made
it.
答案：attempts　考查名词复数形式。句意：戴尔采纳了他母亲的建议，不顾一切地尝试，几次努力之后终于成功了。由句意及空格前的several一词可知，应填attempts。
4．The
project
________
(aim)
to
get
kids
to
a
stage
called
“deep
reading”，
where
they
can
read
to
learn.
答案：aims　考查固定短语。aim
to
do
sth.“旨在做某事，目的在于”。
5．Nobody
believed
his
________(predict)
then
but
later
it
turned
out
to
be
true.
答案：prediction　考查词性转换。句意：那时没有人相信他的预测，但是后来证实是正确的。prediction名词“预测；预计”。
6．This
is
an
animal
that
is
specific
________
this
part
of
Africa.
答案：to　考查固定短语。句意：这种动物是非洲这个地区特有的。be
specific
to...“是……特有的”。
7．Nowadays
________
is
typical
of
a
young
generation
to
take
it
for
granted
that
parents
should
meet
whatever
they
desire.
答案：it　考查固定句型。It
is
typical
of
sb.
to
do
sth.“做某事是某人的特点；某人一向如此(做某事)。”
8．We
need
to
repair
our
________
(possess)
instead
of
throwing
them
away.
答案：possessions　考查词性转换。possession意为“所有物”时常用复数形式。句意：我们需要维修我们的东西而不是把它们扔掉。
9．Though
treated
poorly,
the
dog
remained
________(faith)
to
his
master.
答案：faithful　考查词性转换。be
faithful
to...“对……忠诚的”。
10．It
was
________(evidence)that
she
was
greatly
shocked
by
the
scene
before
her.
答案：evident　考查词性转换。句意：很显然，眼前的情景让她极为震惊。It
was
evident
that...
“……是显而易见的”。
1　a
great
deal
大量
In
the
late
19th
century,
Europe
changed
a
great
deal,
from
a
mostly
agricultural
society
to
a
mostly
industrial
one.(P2)
19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。
归纳拓展
(1)a
great
deal
(名词短语)“大量，许多”，作主语、宾语。
(2)a
great
deal
(副词短语)“大量地，非常多地”，修饰动词或比较级。
(3)a
great
deal
of修饰不可数名词表示“大量的，非常多的”。
(4)修饰不可数名词的还有：an
amount
of,
large
amounts
of等。
语境助记
①Joan
passed
the
exam,
which
surprised
me
a_great_deal.
琼通过了考试，这让我很惊讶。
②[牛津高阶]I'm
feeling
a
good
deal
better.
我感觉好多了。
③It
took
a_great_deal_of_
time
and
effort.
那需要花费大量时间和精力。
④Think
about
the
things
in
life
that
require
large
amounts_of_money.
考虑一下在生活中需要大量金钱的东西。
2　on
the
other
hand
(可是)另一方面
On
the
other
hand,
some
paintings
of
modern
art
are
so
realistic
that
they
look
like
photographs.(P3)
而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像一张张照片。
归纳拓展
(1)on
the
one
hand...,
on
the_other
hand...一方面……，另一方面……
(2)for
one
thing...
and
for
another...一来……；二来……(常被用来列举一些理由)
(3)first(ly)．..second(ly)．..第一……；第二……
语境助记
①On
the
one
hand
I
want
to
sell
the
house,
but
on_the_other_hand,_I
can't
bear
the
thought
of
moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。
②On_the_one_hand
I
admire
his
gifts,
but
on
the
other
hand
I
distrust
his
judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
③I'm
not
going
to
buy
it;
for_one_thing
I
don't
like
the
color,
and
for_another
it's
far
too
expensive.
我不打算买这件东西：一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。
3　appeal
to
(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；(向某人)呼吁
It
will
appeal
to
those
who
love
Impressionist
and
Post Impressionist
paintings.(P6)
它将会吸引那些喜爱印象派和后印象派作品的人。
归纳拓展
(1)appeal
to
sb.
吸引某人；(对某人)有吸引力
appeal
to
sb.
to_do
sth.
呼吁某人做某事
appeal
(to
sb.)
for
sth.
恳求某事；呼吁某事
(2)make
an
appeal
to
sb.
向某人呼吁
(3)appealing
adj.
吸引人的
语境助记
①This
job
rather
appeals_to
me.
这工作对我有吸引力。
②The
government
is
appealing_to
everyone
to
save
water.
政府呼吁人人都节约用水。
③The
sinking
ship
appealed_to
the
rescue
team
for
help.
正在下沉的船向救援队求助。
④[牛津高阶]Spending
the
holiday
in
Britain
wasn't
a
prospect
that
I
found
particularly
appealing.
在英国度假对我并不特别有吸引力。
过关演练
选词填空
a
great
deal；
figure
out；
in
the
flesh；
appeal
to；
look
through；
break
away
from；
in
possession
of；
on
the
other
hand；
lead
to；
scores
of
1．The
thief
managed
to
____________
the
policeman.
答案：break
away
from
2．I
was
________
a
magazine
in
the
bedroom
when
she
called
me.
答案：looking
through
3．You
can't
be
____________
the
house
until
all
the
papers
have
been
signed.
答案：in
possession
of
4．On
the
one
hand
I
valued
his
friendship,
but
______________
I
disliked
his
self pride
and
selfishness.
答案：on
the
other
hand
5．She
looked
very
pale
and
seemed
to
have
suffered
__________.
答案：a
great
deal
6．I
can't
________
why
my
mother
looks
so
angry.
答案：figure
out
7．To
be
honest,
his
singing
doesn't
________
me
much.
答案：appeal
to
8．I've
got
all
her
records
but
I've
never
seen
her
________.
答案：in
the
flesh
9．What
is
known
to
us
is
that
it's
human's
activities
that
________
global
warming.
答案：lead
to
10．There
are
________
different
kinds
of
football
shoes
which
can
satisfy
different
players.
答案：scores
of
1　This_is_because
the
Impressionists
encouraged
artists
to
look
at
their
environment
in
new
ways.
(P3)
这是因为印象派鼓励画家用崭新的视角看待他们的环境。
归纳拓展
This
is
because_...这是因为……(强调原因
，用来引导表语从句)
That's
why...那就是为什么……(强调结果)
The
reason
why...is
that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句；that引导表语从句)
语境助记
①From
space,
the
earth
looks
blue.
This_is_because
about
seventy one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water.
从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约71%的部分被水覆盖着。
②That_is_why
fish
prefer
shallow
water
to
deep
water.
那就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水胜过深水的原因。
③The_reason_why
she
must
stay
at
home
is_that
she
has
to
look
after
her
sick
mother.
她必须待在家里的原因是不得不照顾生病的母亲。
2　Without_the_new_paints_and_the_new_technique,_we
would_not_be
able
to
see
the
many
great
masterpieces
for
which
this
period
is
famous.
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
归纳拓展
(1)句中介词短语without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique取代了if引导的非真实条件状语从句，主句使用了虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。
(2)除了without之外，but
for,
otherwise,
but等也常用来表示暗含的非真实条件。
语境助记
①Without
your
ticket,
I
wouldn't_be_able_to
go
to
the
concert
tomorrow.
要是没有你的票的话，我明天就不能去听音乐会了。
②I
wish
to
thank
Professor
Smith,
without
whose
help
I
would
never
have_got
this
far.
我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不会有这样的成就。
③[牛津高阶]Without
air,
man
couldn't_exist
on
the
earth.
没有空气的话，人类将不能在地球上生存。
④But_for
your
help,
we
would_have_been
in
trouble
that
day.
要不是你的帮助，我们那天就有麻烦了。
⑤He
was
busy
yesterday,
or
he
would_have_helped
you
with
your
experiment.
昨天他很忙，要不然他就会帮助你做实验的。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Volunteering
gives
you
a
chance
________
(change)
lives,
including
your
own.
答案：to
change　考查不定式作后置定语。句意：做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。
2．That
was
________
he
had
bought
the
papers
with
all
his
money.
答案：why　考查固定句式。That
is
why...“那就是……的原因”。
3．There
is
no
need
________
(worry)
about
whether
our
traditional
culture
will
be
lost.
答案：to
worry　考查不定式作后置定语。句意：没有必要担心是否会失去我们的传统文化。There
is
no
need
to
do
sth.
“没有必要做某事”。
4．Present
at
the
evening
party
________
(be)
our
favorable
English
teacher.
答案：was　考查主谓一致。句意：出席晚会的有我们喜欢的英语老师。当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词位于句首时，句子要全部倒装。根据空格后的主语和句意可知应填was。
5．The
reason
________
I
was
late
for
class
is
________
I
didn't
catch
the
bus.
答案：why;
that　考查固定句式。The
reason
why...is
that...“……的原因是……”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I
wish
you
________________
any
longer.
我真希望你再也不要吸烟了。
答案：wouldn't
smoke
2．In
a
lecture
hall
of
a
university
in
England
________________.
英国一所大学的演讲大厅里坐着一位教授。
答案：sits
a
professor
3．The
students
are
looking
forward
to
having
an
opportunity
________________
society
for
real life
experience.
学生们期盼有一个探索社会以获得现实经验的机会。
答案：to
explore
虚拟语气(Ⅰ)
概念
　虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等；二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等。
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
1．与现在相反：从句用一般过去时(be用were)，主句用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”
If
I
won
the
lottery,
I
would
buy
an
expensive
car.2．与过去相反：从句用过去完成时，主句用“would/could/should/might＋have＋动词过去分词”
If
he
had
driven
more
carefully,
he
would
not
have
had
the
car
accident
yesterday.
3．与将来相反：从句用一般过去时(be用were)或were
to
do或should
do形式，主句用“should/would/could/might＋动词原形”
If
he
were
to
come,
what
should
we
say
to
him
4．混合条件句
主从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主从句中动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫作混合条件句。
If
he
had
asked
him
yesterday,
you
would
know
what
to
do
now.
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用
1．wish后的宾语从句
(1)表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句用一般过去时或过去进行时(be动词用were)
I
wish
I
were
a
bird
and
could
fly
in
the
sky.
(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词用“had＋过去分词”
I
wish
I
hadn't
eaten
so
much
watermelon.
(3)表示对将来的主观愿望：从句动词用“would/could＋动词原形”
I
wish
you
would
come
soon.
2．as
if/though
由as
if/though引导状语从句时，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)或“had＋过去分词”或“would/could/might＋动词原形”
He
looks
as
if
he
were
an
artist.
She
talks
about
Rome
as
though
she
had
been
there
herself
before.
He
learns
English
so
hard
as
if
he
would
go
to
the
USA.
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]If
it
________(be)
not
for
Rachel
Carson,
the
environmental
movement
might
not
exist
today.
答案：were　考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为雷切尔·卡森，现在的环保运动可能就不存在。
2．They
were
abroad
during
the
months
when
we
were
carrying
out
the
investigation,
or
they
________
(come)
to
our
help.
答案：would
have
come　考查对过去情况的虚拟。由前句中的were一词可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，故主句谓语应用would
have
come。
3．If
I
________(see)
it
with
my
own
eyes,
I
wouldn't
have
believed
it.
答案：hadn't
seen　考查if条件句中对过去情况的虚拟。句意：如果不是亲眼所见，我是不会相信的。根据主句谓语可知，应用过去完成时，故填hadn't
seen。
4．It
is
lucky
we
booked
a
room,
or
we
________
(have)
nowhere
to
stay
now.
答案：would
have　考查对现在情况的虚拟。句意：幸运的是我们预订了一间房，否则我们现在就没有待的地方了。or之前的句子是陈述语气，表示一种客观事实；or之后的句子是虚拟语气，与现在相反，故填would
have。
5．How
I
wish
I
________
(become)
an
astronaut
in
the
future!
答案：would/could
become　考查对将来情况的虚拟。句意：我多么希望将来我能够成为一名宇航员啊！wish后的宾语从句中表示对将来的主观愿望用“would/could＋动词原形”。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
25
years
ago
I
got
married;
little
did
I
know
I
would
commit
to
lifelong
household
renovations
(整修)!
My
wife
likes
__1__，
so
for
her,
renovations
are
just
part
of
life.
I
love
__2__
around
the
house,
and
it
becomes
a
project
that
we
work
on
together
and
it's
an
incredible
(不可思议的)
__3__
to
look
at
your
home
and
appreciate
all
the
hard
work
and
sweat
that
go
into
it.
We
really
do
get
a
sense
of
great
__4__.
This
past
week
I've
been
__5__
a
new
floor
from
our
dining
room
into
our
kitchen.
My
daughter
came
in
and
said
the
floor
looked
__6__
but
added,
“Why
is
it
taking
you
so
long？”
__7__
that
“so
long”
was
in
the
eyes
of
her,
I
told
her
that
I
had
__8__
twice
and
cut
once.
I
made
sure
that
all
my
measurements
were
__9__
so
that
I
was
not
wasting
materials
or
time.
I
explained
that
by
taking
the
appropriate
time
in
the
__10__，
the
project
was
much
faster
__11__
I
didn't
have
to
rework
piece
after
piece.
I
began
thinking
about
my
__12__
and
how
it
fits
into
our
everyday
life.
We
should
look
at
this
philosophy
in
different
aspects
of
our
life.
If
we
take
the
time
to
prepare
and
really
__13__
the
task
at
hand,
there
should
be
no
__14__
to
come
back
to.
Think
of
how
much
time
and
frustration
(沮丧)
would
be
saved
just
by
doing
it
right
the
first
time,
with
just
a
little
extra
__15__
paid
to
when
doing
preparations.
If
we
“measure
twice”，
we
will
begin
to
gain
confidence
and
__16__
forward
with
a
positive
attitude
because
we
know
we
__17__
have
to
“cut
once”．
Next
time
you
face
a
new
project,
try
double
__18__
your
work;
you
will
make
sure
you
understand
the
things
that
can
go
__19__
and
focus
on
the
things
you
can
do
right.
Your
project
will
run
__20__
and
you
will
be
less
stressed
while
doing
it.
篇章导读：作者从自己铺地板的经历中总结出这样一个道理：做任何事情都要提前准备好、规划好，这样可以事半功倍。
1．A．art
B．beauty
C．change
D．peace
答案：C
由空格后的“renovations
are
just
part
of
life”可知，妻子喜欢生活中的变化(change)。
2．A．stopping
B．looking
C．walking
D．working
答案：D　根据下文中的“it
becomes
a
project
that
we
work
on
together”可知，此处指作者喜欢在房子周围干活。
3．A．feeling
B．method
C．taste
D．plan
答案：A
句意：这是一种不可思议的感觉，看着自己的房子，欣赏着自己对它所付出的心血和汗水。故选A。
4．A．humour
B．accomplishment
C．motivation
D．gratitude
答案：B　整修房屋凝结了作者夫妻俩无限心血，自然有一种成就感。唯有B项有此意。
5．A．laying
B．cleaning
C．moving
D．mending
答案：A
联系下文可知，上周，“我”把餐厅到厨房的地板铺(laying)了一下。
6．A．shocking
B．great
C．simple
D．organised
答案：B
联系空格后的but
added可知，女儿进来后说地板看起来很漂亮，但是补充说不应该花费这么长的时间。故选B。
7．A．Hoping
B．Remembering
C．Believing
D．Realizing
答案：D
根据语境，即女儿说“太长时间”的语气，可知，选D。realize表示“意识到，体会到”。
8．A．watched
B．swept
C．measured
D．repaired
答案：C
根据下文中的“I
made
sure
that
all
my
measurements”可知，在动手之前，“我”量了(measured)两遍尺寸。
9．A．easy
B．actual
C．quick
D．perfect
答案：D
联系空格后的“I
was
not
wasting
materials
or
time”可知，“我”确保测量的所有尺寸都十分完美，准确无误，这样既不会浪费材料，也不会浪费时间。perfect“完美的”，符合语境。
10．A．distance
B．journey
C．process
D．preparation
答案：D
在准备(preparation)阶段花适当的时间，工作进行起来就会更快。下文中的take
the
time
to
prepare也是提示。
11．A．but
B．though
C．as
D．while
答案：C
根据空格前后内容可知，空格后的内容(不必一件一件重新翻工)是前面的原因，因此选C。
12．A．suggestion
B．response
C．determination
D．concern
答案：B
上文是“我”对女儿问题的回答，因此选B。
13．A．understand
B．conduct
C．complete
D．accept
答案：A
句意：如果我们精心准备，并且认真地了解(understand)手头的工作，那么我们就会少犯错误。下文中的“you
understand
thethings”也是提示。
14．A．ideas
B．mistakes
C．dangers
D．senses
答案：B
由语境可知，事前作好精心准备，结果自然是少犯错误(mistakes)。
15．A．attention
B．courage
C．respect
D．wisdom
答案：A
由语境可知，在准备阶段稍加注意(attention)，在工作进行中你就可以节省时间，减少麻烦。
16．A．take
B．look
C．continue
D．climb
答案：C
根据空格前的gain
confidence可判断，只要准备充分，我们就会获得自信，以一种积极的态度继续这项工作。故选C。
17．A．also
B．still
C．even
D．only
答案：D
此处表示因为我们知道，准备充分之后，我们只需要“切割一次”就能成功。
18．A．seeking
B．performing
C．checking
D．finishing
答案：C
句意：下次，当你面临一项新的工作时，一定要反复审视它。故选C。
19．A．wrong
B．wild
C．suitable
D．crazy
答案：A　此处与本句中的right构成对比，表示这样你就能确保自己理解可能会出错的地方。
20．A．rapidly
B．smoothly
C．safely
D．readily
答案：B　由本空后的less
stressed可知，此处表示你的工作就会进展得非常顺利，你也会感到非常轻松。故选B。
　
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
When
I
was
a
baby,
I
entertained
you
and
made
you
laugh.
Whenever
I
was
“bad”，
you'd
shake
your
finger
at
me
and
ask,
“How
could
you？”—but
then
you'd
give
up,
and
roll
me
over
for
a
belly
scratch
and
I
believed
that
life
could
not
be
any
more
perfect.
My
housetraining
was
a
long
process,
because
you
were
terribly
busy,
but
we
worked
on
that
together.
We
went
for
long
walks,
runs
in
the
park
and
car
rides.
We
stopped
for
ice
cream.
I
took
long
naps
in
the
sun
waiting
for
you
to
come
home
at
the
end
of
the
day.
Gradually,
you
began
spending
more
time
at
work
and
on
your
career,
and
more
time
searching
for
a
human
mate.
Eventually，
you
fell
in
love.
She,
now
your
wife,
is
not
a
dog
person,
but
I
still
welcomed
her
into
our
home.
I
was
happy
because
you
were
happy.
Then
the
human
babies
came
along
and
I
shared
your
excitement,
I
was
fascinated
by
their
pinkness,
how
they
smelled,
and
I
wanted
to
mother
them
too.
Your
wife
was
afraid
I
would
bite
them.
But
nevertheless,
as
they
began
to
grow,
I
became
their
friend.
Now,
you
have
a
new
job
in
another
city
and
you
and
they
will
be
moving
to
an
apartment
that
does
not
allow
pets.
You've
made
the
right
decision
for
your
“family”，
but
there
was
a
time
when
I
was
your
only
family.
I
was
excited
about
the
car
ride
until
we
arrived
at
the
dog
pound.
It
smelled
of
dogs
and
cats,
of
fear,
of
hopelessness.
You
filled
out
the
paperwork
and
said,
“I
know
you
will
find
a
good
home
for
her.”
They
shrugged
and
gave
you
a
pained
look.
The
children
were
in
tears
as
they
waved
me
goodbye.
And
“How
could
you？”
were
the
only
three
words
that
swept
over
my
mind.
Is
it
better
to
live
with
hope
or
without
hope
At
first,
whenever
anyone
passed
my
pen
(围栏),
I
rushed
to
the
front,
hoping
it
was
you,
that
you
had
changed
your
mind
and
that
this
was
all
a
bad
dream.
My
beloved
master,
I
will
think
of
you
and
wait
for
you
forever.
I
hope
you
receive
more
faithfulness
from
your
family
than
you
showed
to
me.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，文中通过一只小狗的自述，讲述自己与主人相处以及离别后的感受。
1．Who
tells
this
story
A．A
dog.
B．A
child.
C．A
dog's
owner.
D．A
dog
trainer.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She,
now
your
wife,
is
not
a
dog
person.”以及第六段中的“whenever
anyone
passed
my
pen
(围栏)”可知，答案为A。
2．Why
did
the
dog's
owner
take
his
dog
to
the
pound
A．He
had
a
newborn
baby.
B．His
wife
did
not
like
the
dog.
C．He
was
moving
into
a
new
building.
D．He
thought
the
dog
too
troublesome.
答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一句“Now,
you
have
a
new
job
in
another
city
and
you
and
they
will
be
moving
to
an
apartment
that
does
not
allow
pets.”可知，狗的主人搬到一幢新楼里。故选C。
3．Which
is
TRUE
about
the
dog
when
it
lived
at
the
pound
A．It
hoped
to
be
adopted
by
another
family.
B．It
continued
to
love
its
former
owner.
C．It
did
not
trust
humans
any
more.
D．It
was
excited
about
the
pound.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据第五段小狗对新生活的描述，尤其“And
‘How
could
you？’
were
the
only
three
words
that
swept
over
my
mind.”可知，答案为B。
4．What
is
the
theme
of
the
story
A．Be
ready
for
changes.
B．Never
expect
too
much.
C．Never
complain
about
your
life.
D．Be
faithful
to
those
who
love
you.
答案：D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段的理解，这个故事的主题为要忠实于爱你的人(物)，可知。
1．shake
vt.
摇晃；摇动
2.scratch
n.
抓；搔
3．eventually
adv.
终于；最终
4．fascinated
adj.
迷人的；吸引人的
5．sweep
vt.
横扫；打扫
1．fall
in
love
(with)
爱上；喜欢上；恋爱
2．change
one's
mind
改变主意
B
A
water
lily
painting,
Water
Lily
Pond,
by
Claude
Monet,
the
French
impressionist
artist,
was
sold
for
more
than
$80
million
Tuesday,
breaking
the
auction(拍卖)
record
for
himself.
Water
Lily
Pond
was
part
of
a
four work
collection
of
water
lily
paintings
that
Monet
put
up
for
sale
during
his
lifetime.
The
four
paintings
of
Monet's
water
lily
garden
were
signed
and
dated
by
the
artist
in
1919.
One
of
the
other
paintings
is
at
the
Metropolitan
Museum
of
Art
in
New
York,
while
another
was
sold
at
auction
in
1992
for
$12.1
million
and
is
in
a
private
collection
now.
The
final
painting
in
the
series
was
cut
into
two
before
World
War
Ⅱ.
“After
a
fierce
bidding
battle
between
a
number
of
buyers
in
the
room
and
on
the
telephone,
the
painting
finally
was
sold
to
a
collector
for
$80.4
million,
setting
a
new
world
record
price
for
the
artist
at
auction，”
said
Olivier
Camu,
a
scholar
of
impressionist
art.
The
last
record
for
a
Monet
work
was
set
in
May
when
Le
Pont
du
Chemin
de
fer
a
Argenteuil
sold
for
$41.4
million.
The
painting
sold
Tuesday
was
bought
at
a
1971
New
York
auction
for
$320,000.
It
has
not
been
exhibited
since.
Monet's
later
works
had
unique
characteristics，
especially
Grandes
Decorations,
another
good
example,
which
was
bedded
in
Musee
de
I'Orangerie
in
Paris
five
months
after
Monet's
death
in
1926.
Monet
created
his
water
lily
garden
in
Giverny,
France.
He
selected
different
water
lilies
in
an
effort
to
get
as
many
different
colored
flowers
as
possible,
specially
creating
the
garden
as
a
base
for
his
paintings.
篇章导读：《睡莲池》是莫奈的著名画作，在周二以超过8000万美元的高价拍卖，打破了莫奈本人画作的最高纪录。本文介绍了莫奈以及他的一系列睡莲画作。
5．According
to
the
passage,
Water
Lily
Pond
broke
the
last
rocord
for
Monet's
paintings
by
________.
A．$12
million
B．$39
million
C．$41.4
million
D．$0.32
million
答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The
last
record
for
a
Monet
work
was
set
in
May
when
Le
Pont
du
Chemin
de
fer
a
Argenteuil
sold
for
$41.4
million.”可知，莫奈画作的上一个纪录是4140万美元，而《睡莲池》的拍卖价格是8040万美元，因此《睡莲池》比上一次最高拍卖价高出3900万美元。故选B项。
6．What
can
we
learn
about
Water
Lily
Pond
A．It
was
once
auctioned
in
America.
B．It
was
cut
into
halves
before
World
War
Ⅱ.
C．It
had
been
kept
in
New
York
for
over
40
years.
D．It
was
once
put
in
Musee
de
I'Orangerie.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The
painting
sold
Tuesday
was
bought
at
a
1971
New
York
auction
for
$320,000.
It
has
not
been
exhibited
since.”可知，这幅《睡莲池》1971年曾在纽约拍卖过，从此以后再也没有被展出过。故选A项。
7．What
does
Olivier
Camu
think
of
the
auction
A．Exciting.
B．Inspiring.
C．Disappointing.
D．Frightening.
答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章第三段奥利维耶·卡米说的话可知，经过现场买家和电话买家一番激烈的竞价之后，这幅画最终以8040万美元被一个收藏家买走，创造了一个新纪录。由此可推测，他觉得这场拍卖会非常令人激动。故选A项。
8．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．Monet
and
His
Water
Lily
Paintings
B．Monet—a
Great
Impressionist
Artist
C．Monet's
Carden
and
Its
Characteristics
D．Water
Lily
Pond—Monet's
Best known
Painting
答案：A　主旨大意题。文中不仅提到了《睡莲池》这一幅画作，而且介绍了莫奈其他的睡莲作品，并在文章最后描述了莫奈创作睡莲图的过程。因此A项(莫奈和他的睡莲画作)最符合文章主旨。
1．date
vt.
注明日期
2.exhibit
vt.
展览；展出
3．characteristic
n.
特色；特点
4.select
vt.
选拔；挑选
5．base
n.
基地；来源；源泉
1．put
up
推荐；提名
2．be
set
in
把……安排在；以……为背景
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时9′)
[2016·浙江高考]When
I
was
a
very
young
children,
my
father
created
a
regular
practice
I
remember
well
years
late.
Every
time
he
arrived
home
at
end
of
the
day,
we'd
greet
her
at
the
door.
He
would
ask
who
we
was
and
pretend
not
to
knowing
us.
Then
he
and
my
mother
would
have
had
a
drink
while
she
prepared
dinner
and
they
would
talk
about
his
day
and
hers.
While
they
chat,
my
father
would
lift
my
sister
and
me
up
to
sit
in
the
top
of
the
fridge.
It
was
both
excited
and
frightening
to
be
up
there!
My
sister
and
I
thought
he
was
so
cool
for
putting
us
there.
答案：
When
I
was
a
very
young
，
my
father
created
a
regular
practice
I
remember
well
years
.
Every
time
he
arrived
home
at
end
of
the
day,
we'd
greet
at
the
door.
He
would
ask
who
we
and
pretend
not
to
us.
Then
he
and
my
mother
would
have
a
drink
while
she
prepared
dinner
and
they
would
talk
about
his
day
and
hers.
While
they
，
my
father
would
lift
my
sister
and
me
up
to
sit
the
top
of
the
fridge.
It
was
both
and
frightening
to
be
up
there!
My
sister
and
I
thought
he
was
so
cool
for
putting
us
there.
第一处：children→child　考查名词单复数。句中主语是I，为第一人称单数，故对应的表语应用child。
第二处：late→later　考查副词。late
adj.迟到的，晚的；later
adv.后来，以后。
第三处：end前加上the　考查冠词。at
the
end
of...是固定短语，意为“在……结束的时候”，故填冠词the。
第四处：her→him　考查代词。此处指的是my
father，故应用him。
第五处：was→were　考查主谓一致。句中主语是we，为第一人称复数，故应该是were。
第六处：knowing→know　考查非谓语动词。pretend
not
to
do
sth.“假装不做某事”，所以know应该用动词原形。
第七处：去掉would
have
had中的had　考查时态。根据上文every
time和句中would可知，父母经常这么做。would后加上动词原形，表示过去经常做某事。
第八处：chat→chatted　考查时态。此句是时间状语从句，讲述的是父母过去的事情，故chat应改为过去式chatted。
第九处：in→on　考查介词。on
the
top
of...为固定短语，意为“在……顶部，在……上面”，此处指在冰箱的顶部。
第十处：excited→exciting　考查形容词。此句主语是it，指孩子们被父亲放在冰箱顶部这件事是令人兴奋的，exciting常用来描述事物本身的特征，故用exciting。excited常用来描述人的主观心理(活动)。