话题素材——机器人
好词
1.automatic
adj.
自动的
2.artificial
adj.
人造的
3.shape
n.
形状
4.function
n.
功能
5.update
vt.
更新
6.be
used
for
被用来……
7.come
true
实现
8.follow
the
fashion
追随时尚
9.be
in
the
lead
领先
10.information
products
信息产品11.in
storage
储存
12.scientific
breakthrough
科学突破
13.positive
and
negative
aspects
of
robots
机器人的积极和消极方面
14.intelligent
terminal
智能终端
15.a
robot
design
competition
机器人设计大赛
佳句
1.As_is_known_to_all,_most
mobile
robots
are
still
in_the_design
stage.
众所周知，大多数移动机器人仍处在设计阶段。
2.With
the
development
of
science,
more
and
more
people
are
confused
that
whether_it_is_good_or_bad_to_make_robots.
随着科学的发展，越来越多的人怀疑制造机器人究竟是好还是坏。
3.Are
robots
going
to
take_the_place_of
human
beings？
机器人将会代替人类吗？
[精美语篇]
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology，
more
and
more
intelligent
robots
are
being
used
in
industrial
fields，
taking
the
place
of
humans
to
do
many
dangerous
tasks.
Besides，
with
the
price
of
robots
going
down，
they
have
begun
to
enter
families，
helping
people
do
some
housework
and
even
care
for
patients
or
read
books
for
babies.
All
of
these
suggest
that
robots
are
playing
a
big
part
in
our
life.
By
using
robots，
people
can
save
time
to
do
what
they
like.
Meanwhile，
they
reduce
the
rate
of
death
and
injury
in
dangerous
work.
But
can
people
be
out
of
work
because
of
the
existence
of
robots？
Certainly
not！
However
clever
robots
are，
they
are
made
by
humans
and
whatever
they
do，
they
just
follow
the
instructions
given
to
them
by
humans.
Therefore，
robots
will
never
completely
replace
humans.
Let's
enjoy
the
convenience
brought
by
robots.
高频单词
1．satisfaction
(n.)
满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfy
(vt.)
使满足；使满意→satisfying
&satisfactory
(adj.)
令人满意的→satisfied
(adj.)
满意的
2．alarm
(vt.)
使警觉；使惊恐；惊动
(n.)
警报；惊恐→alarmed
(adj.)
担心的；害怕的
3．sympathy
(n.)
同情(心)→sympathetic
(adj.)
同情的
4．favour
(n.)
喜爱；恩惠(vt.)喜爱；偏袒→favourable
(adj.)
赞成的；有利的→favourite
(adj.)
最喜爱的
5．accompany
(vt.)
陪伴；伴奏→company
(n.)
陪伴；伴随；公司→companion
(n.)
伙伴；伴侣；同伴
6．declare
(vt.)
宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration
(n.)
宣言；公布
7．talent
(n.)
天才；特殊能力；才干→talented
(adj.)
有才气的；有才能的
8．affection
(n.)
喜爱；爱；感情→affect
(vt.)
影响；感动→effect
(n.)
结果；作用；影响→effective
(adj.)
有效果的
9．obey
(vt.&vi.)
服从；顺从→disobey
(vt.&vi.)
不服从；违抗
10．assessment
(n.)
评价；评定→assess
(vt.)
估价；评定→assessable
(adj.)
可估价的；可征收的
11．junior
(adj.)
较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的
(n.)
年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→senior
(adj.)
年长的；资历较老的；地位较高的；高级的
(n.)
前辈；资历深者；年长者
12．imagination
(n.)
想象(力)；创造力；幻想物→imagine
(v.)
想象→imaginary
(adj.)
想象的→image
(n.)
形象；图片
13．divorce
(n.)
离婚；断绝关系 (vt.)
与……离婚；与……脱离→divorcee
(n.)
离婚的人→divorced
(adj.)
离婚的
14．desire
(n.)
渴望；欲望；渴求 (vt.)希望得到；想要→desirable
(adj.)渴望得到的；值得拥有的
15．envy
(vt.)
忌妒；羡慕→envious
(adj.)忌妒的；羡慕的
16．affair
(n.)事务；事情；暧昧关系→affairs
(pl.)事务
17．elegant
(adj.)
优雅的；高雅的；讲究的→elegance
(n.)
优雅；高雅
重点短语
1．test_out 考验出；检验完
2．or_rather
更确切地说
3．ring_up
给……打电话
4．turn_around
转向；回转
5．leave...alone
不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
6．set...aside
将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
7．in_all
一共；总计
8．be_bound_to_do
一定做……
9．search_for
寻找
10．compare...with
把……和……进行比较
11．take_sth._seriously
认真对待某事
12．prevent/stop/keep_sb._
阻止某人做某事
(from)_doing_sth.
13．have/feel_sympathy_for_sb.
同情某人
14．have__a_talent_for...
有……的天分
热点句型
1．more...than...“与其(说)……倒不如(说)……”
His
name
was
Tony
and
he
seemed
more_like_a_human_than_a_machine
(与其说像一台机器，倒不如说更像人)．(教材P11)
2．there
be/seems/stands...倒装句
As
she
turned
around,
there_stood
(站在那儿)
Gladys
Claffern.
(教材P11)
3．It
is/was...that/who...强调句结构
It_was_then_that
(就是在那个时候)
Claire
realized
that
Tony
had
opened
the
curtains
of
the
front
window.
(教材P12)
4．have
sb./sth.
doing
“容忍/允许某人/某物做某事”
But
even
though
Tony
had
been
so
clever,
he
would
have
to
be
rebuilt—you
cannot
have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines(允许女人与机器相爱)．(教材P12)
5．have
sth.
done“让……被做”
Asimov
began
having_stories_published
(发表小说)
in
science
fiction
magazines
in
1939.(教材P16)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It
was
going
to
be
tested
________
by
Larry's
wife,
Claire.
答案：out
2．On
the
second
morning
Tony,
________
(wear)
an
apron,
brought
her
breakfast.答案：wearing
3．As
a
favour
Tony
promised
to
help
Claire
make
herself
________
(smart)
and
her
home
more
elegant.
答案：smarter
4．As
he
was
not
allowed
________
(accompany)
her
to
the
shops,
he
wrote
out
a
list
of
items
for
her.
答案：to
accompany
5．Tony
told
her
and
suggested
that
she
________
(invite)
Gladys
and
her
friends
to
the
house.
答案：(should)
invite
6．She
fell
off
a
ladder
and
even
though
Tony
was
in
the
next
room,
he
managed
________
(catch)
her
in
time.
答案：to
catch
7．She
screamed,
________
(push)
him
away
and
ran
to
her
room
for
the
rest
of
the
day.
答案：pushed
8．________the
amused
and
surprised
look
on
her
face,
Claire
knew
that
Gladys
thought
she
was
having
an
affair.
答案：By
9．Asimov's
life
began
in
Russia,
________
he
was
born
on
2nd
January,
1920.
答案：where
10．Use
a
clear
simple
style
as
if
you
________
(be)
writing
to
younger
students
in
your
school.
答案：were
1 desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要
Do
you
think
it
is
possible
for
a
robot
to
have
its
own
needs
and
desires？(P10)
你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？
归纳拓展
(1)have
a
strong
desire
(2)desire
to_do
sth.
渴望做某事
desire
for
sb.
to_do
sth.
希望某人做某事
desire＋that从句(从句谓语动词为：should＋do,
should可以省略)
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]He
had_a_strong_desire_to_free
her
family
from
trouble.
他迫切渴望使她的家庭摆脱困境。
②We
always
desire_to_live
in
peace
with
all
the
other
countries
in
the
world.
我们一直希望与世界上其他国家和平相处。
③We
desire
that
immediate
help
(should)_be_given
to
the
local
villagers
who
have
been
trapped
by
the
flood.
我们希望能立刻救援那些被洪水围困的当地村民们。
④He
has_a_strong_desire_for
success
though
he
has
failed
many
times.
尽管他失败了多次，但是他仍然渴望成功。
2 favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；优惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒
As
a
favour
Tony
promised
to
help
Claire
make
herself
smarter
and
her
home
more
elegant.(P11)
托尼为了让克莱尔高兴起来，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。
归纳拓展
(1)ask
sb.
a
favour
请某人帮忙
do
sb.
a
favour
帮某人一个忙
owe
sb.
a
favour
欠某人的人情
(2)in
favour
of
赞同；支持
in
one's
favour
有利于某人
注：favor和favour两种拼写方法均可。
语境助记
①More
and
more
students
favor
laptops
for
note taking
because
they
can
write
more
notes.
越来越多的学生喜欢用电脑记笔记，因为他们能记录更多的内容。
②May
I
ask_a_favour_of
you
请您帮个忙好吗？
③I
owed_him_a_favour,_so
I
couldn't
say
no.
我欠他一个人情，所以无法拒绝。
④[牛津高阶]Could
you
do_me_a_favor
and
pick
up
Sam
from
school
today
今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？
⑤The
exchange
rate
is
in_our_favour
for
the
time
being.
汇率暂时对我们有利。
⑥Was
he
in_favour_of
the
plan
他赞成这个计划吗？
3 accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
As
he
was
not
allowed
to
accompany
her
to
the
shops,
he
wrote
out
a
list
of
items
for
her.(P11)
她不允许他陪她去商店，因此他为她列了一个物品清单。
归纳拓展
(1)accompany
sb.＝keep
sb.
company
陪伴某人
accompany
sb.
to
someplace
陪伴/陪同某人到某地
(2)accompany
sb.
at/on
sth.
用某物为某人伴奏
be
accompanied
by
由……伴奏/伴随
(3)companion
n.
同伴；伙伴
名师点睛
一般不使用accompany
sb.
to
do
sth.表示“陪伴某人做某事”。
语境助记
①He
accompanied_her_to_
the
station
and
saw
her
off.
他陪她去了车站并为她送行。
②[牛津高阶]His
wife
accompanied_him
on
the
trip.
那次旅行他由妻子陪同。
③[朗文高阶]Children
under
14
must
be_accompanied_by
an
adult.
14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪同。
④The
singer
was_accompanied_on
the
piano
by
Lang
Lang.
朗朗用钢琴给那位歌手伴奏。
⑤My
sister
has
come
from
America
to
keep_me_company
during
my
illness.
我妹妹从美国回来了，在我生病期间陪我。
4 sympathy n．同情(心)
Claire
thought
it
was
ridiculous
to
be
offered
sympathy
by
a
robot.(P11)克莱尔觉得机器人向她表示同情有点荒唐可笑。
归纳拓展
have/feel
sympathy
for
sb.对某人表示同情
get
sympathy
from
sb.获得某人的同情
out_of
sympathy
出于同情
express
sympathy
for(对……表示)慰问
in
sympathy
with
sb./sth.支持某人/某事；和……一致
语境助记
①All
of
a
sudden,
a
warm
feeling
of
sympathy
rose
up
in
my
heart.
突然，我的心中涌起一股同情的暖流。
②[朗文高阶]I
have_a_lot_of_sympathy_for
her;
she
had
to
bring
up
the
children
on
her
own.
我非常同情她——她得独自把孩子们抚养成人。
③Out_of_sympathy,_I
gave
the
beggar
five
dollars.
出于对乞丐的同情，我给了他5美元。
④I'm
sure
he'll
be
in_sympathy_with
your
proposal.
我确信他一定赞成你的建议。
5 declare vt.宣布；表明；声明；宣称
She
cried
out
“Tony”
and
then
heard
him
declare
that
he
didn't
want
to
leave
her
the
next
day
and
that
he
felt
more
than
just
the
desire
to
please
her.(P11)
她大叫“托尼”，接着她就听到托尼郑重地说第二天他不想离开她，并且他感到这样做不仅仅只是想让她开心。
归纳拓展
declare
sb./sth.
to_be...
宣布某人或某事……
declare
for/against...
表示赞成/反对……
declare
war
(on/against)．..(向……)宣战
declare
sth.
open/closed
宣布某事开始/结束
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]Natalie
declares,_“My
neighborhood
will
be
back,
even
stronger
than
before.”
纳塔利说：“我的邻里会回来，甚至比以前更强大。”
②The
U．N.
has
declared
it
to_be
a
safe
zone.
联合国已宣布它为安全区。
③The
accused
man
was_declared_to
be
innocent
by
the
court.
法庭宣布被告无罪。
④He
declared_that
he
would
fight
for
his
right.
他宣称要为他的权利而斗争。
⑤Do
you
know
the
time
when
America
declared_war_against/on_
Syria
你知道美国向叙利亚宣战的时间吗？
易混辨析
declare
通常指正式、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等，往往带有权威性。后面可跟复合宾语
announce
指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。需要接间接宾语时，要在间接宾语前加to
⑥[一言辨异]Our
country
has
declared
against
any
war
between
the
two
countries,
which
will
be
announced
to
the
nation.
我们国家已经声明反对两国间的任何战争，而且将会对全民宣布。
⑦选词填空(declare/announce)
a．We
have
time
and
time
again
declared
that
we
will
never
be
the
first
to
use
nuclear
weapons.
b．It
was
announced
that
there
would
be
a
celebration
on
Sunday.
6 envy n．&
vt.忌妒；羡慕
What
a
sweet
victory
to
be
envied
by
those
women！(P12)
受到那些女士的忌妒该是多么甜美的胜利！
归纳拓展
(1)envy
sb.
sth./doing
sth.
忌妒或羡慕某人某物/做某事
(2)become/be
the
envy
of...
成为……忌妒(或羡慕)的对象
feel
envy
at...
对……忌妒
out
of
envy/with
envy
出于忌妒/羡慕地
(3)envious
adj.
羡慕的；忌妒的
be
envious
of
忌妒
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]She
was
the_envy_of
the
whole
community.
她是整个社区人们羡慕的对象。
②[朗文高阶]He
envied
Rosalind
her
youth
and
strength.
他羡慕罗莎琳德的青春和活力。
③I
envy_you_having
such
a
close
family.
我羡慕你有这么一个亲密的家庭。
④They
looked
at
her
with_envy.
他们羡慕地看着她。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The
law
passed
in
Michigan
________
(declare)
too
late.
答案：was
declared 考查时态和语态。句意：密歇根通过的这项法律被宣告的太晚了。分析句子结构可知，空格处作谓语；且The
law与declare之间为被动关系，结合too
late可知，用一般过去时。
2．Tom
has
a
deep
________
(affect)
for
his
grandfather.
答案：affection 考查词性转换。由a
deep可知，此处应用名词。句意：汤姆深爱着他的祖父。
3．If
you
________
(obey)
the
law,
you
would
be
punished.
答案：disobey 考查词形转换。句意：如果你违法，你会受到惩罚。根据句意可知，此处应用反义词。
4．It
is
hard
to
see
how
the
issue
can
be
resolved
to
everyone's
________
(satisfy)．
答案：satisfaction 考查词性转换。to
one's
satisfaction意为“使某人满意”。
5．The
young
lady
dressed
________
(elegant)
when
she
went
to
work.
答案：elegantly 考查词形转换。此处副词elegantly修饰动词dressed。
6．He
was
right
in
his
________
(assess)
and
wrong
in
his
prediction.
答案：assessment 考查词性转换。根据空格前为物主代词可知，此处填名词。assessment意为“评估；评价”。
7．The
teacher
desired
that
all
the
exercises
________
(hand)
in
before
school
was
over.
答案：(should)
be
handed 考查虚拟语气及语态。句意：老师要求放学前把所有练习交上来。desire后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，构成为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。又因all
the
exercises与hand之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。8．Many
people
were
________
(alarm)
at
the
end
of
the
world
on
21st
December,
2012.
答案：alarmed 考查词性转换。句意：在2012年12月21日那天，很多人对世界末日感到担心。alarmed意为“担心的；害怕的”。
9．To
everybody's
surprise,
they
got
________
(divorce)
last
month,
though
they
had
been
married
for
only
two
months.
答案：divorced 考查词性转换。get
divorced意为“离婚”。
10．Everyone
knows
she
is
a
________
(talent)
girl
who
has
a
talent
________
singing.
答案：talented;
for 句意：每个人都知道她是一个对唱歌有天赋的女孩。第一空考查词性转换，talented“有天赋的”，修饰girl；第二空考查固定搭配，have
a
talent
for“对……有天赋”。
1 leave...alone
不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
She
shouted
“Leave
me
alone”
and
ran
to
her
bed.
(P12)
她高声嚷着：“让我独自待一会儿！”然后就跑上了床。
归纳拓展
leave
aside
把某事搁置一边
leave
out
省略；遗漏
leave
for...
动身到……
leave
behind
留下；把……丢在后面
语境助记
①[朗文高阶]Leave_the_boy_alone,_he
can
make
up
his
own
mind.
不要去打扰这孩子，他会自己作决定的。
②What's
your
opinion,
leaving_aside
the
question
of
expense
不考虑费用问题，你的意见如何？
③Take
care
not
to
leave
anything
behind.
当心别丢下东西。
④They
were
so
careless
that
they
left_out
an
important
detail.
他们如此粗心以至于漏掉了一个重要细节。
2 set
aside
将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
He
felt
happy
when
his
boss
stated
that
he
could
set
aside
some
time
for
exercise.(P13)
当他的老板说他可以留出一些时间进行锻炼时，他感到高兴。
归纳拓展
set
off
出发；动身；引爆
set
about
着手；开始做……(后接名词、动名词)
set
out
出发；开始做……(后接不定式)
set
down
放下；记下
set
up
建立；搭建
语境助记
①You
had
better
set_aside
some
time
every
day
for
sports
so
that
you
can
keep
yourself
energetic.
你最好每天都留出一些时间来锻炼，这样你就可以保持精力充沛。
②If
we
set_off
right
now,
we
ought
to
be
able
to
get
there
in
time.
如果我们马上出发，我们应该能够及时到达那里。
③After
supper,
Mary
set
about
clearing
the
table.
＝After
supper,
Mary
set
out
to_clear
the
table.
晚饭后，玛丽动手收拾餐桌。
④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]But
it
also
set_off
the
Montgomery
bus
boycott.
但是它也引发了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动。
3 ring
up
给……打电话
When
the
clerk
at
the
counter
was
rude
to
her,
she
rang
Tony
up
and
told
the
clerk
to
speak
to
him.
(P11)
柜台售货员对她很粗鲁，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。
归纳拓展
(1)call
sb./telephone
sb./phone
sb.
/give
sb.
a
call/give
sb.
a
ring
给某人打电话
(2)ring
back
回电话
(3)ring
off/hang
up
挂断电话
(4)hold
on
别挂断
语境助记
①[朗文高阶]I
rang_up
and
made
an
appointment.
我打电话预约了一下。
②[牛津高阶]He
rang_off
before
I
could
explain.
我还未来得及解释他就挂了电话。
③Can
you
hold_on
I'll
see
if
the
manager
is
in
the
office.
先别挂电话好吗？我去看看经理在不在办公室。
④Can
you
ask
him
to
ring
me
back
你能让他给我回电话吗？
过关演练
选词填空
turn
around；
be
bound
to；
set
aside；
ring
up；
leave
alone；
or
rather；
reach
for；
fall
in
love
with；
test
out，
in
favour
of
1．I
try
to
________
some
time
to
help
my
mother
do
the
housework.
答案：set
aside
2．Someone
had
called,
so
he
had
to
walk
________
run
to
the
office.
答案：or
rather
3．I've
been
trying
to
________
all
day
but
I
couldn't
get
through.
答案：ring
up
4．She's
asked
to
________
but
the
press
photographers
follow
her
everywhere.答案：be
left
alone
5．Don't
lie
to
her;
she
________
find
out
about
it.
答案：is
bound
to
6．He
quickly
________
when
he
heard
someone
asking
for
help
behind
him.
答案：turned
around
7．I
________
this
house
the
moment
I
saw
it.
答案：fell
in
love
with
8．The
hunter
________
his
gun,
aimed
at
the
tiger
and
fired.
答案：reached
for
9．In
our
city,
almost
everyone
is
________
bringing
down
the
housing
price
because
it
is
too
high
for
them
to
buy
one.
答案：in
favour
of
10．[2016·洛阳市统一考试]This
model
had
been
________
before
it
was
put
into
production.
答案：tested
out
But
even
though
Tony
had
been
so
clever,
he
would
have
to
be
rebuilt－you
cannot
have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines.(P12)
但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。
归纳拓展
have
在此为使役动词，意为“使……；让……”。常用结构如下：
(1)have
sb./sth.
doing“让……不停地做(某事处于某种状态)”；若用于否定句中，have表示“容忍；容许”之意。
(2)have
sth.
done
表示“请某人做某事”或“遭遇到某事”(宾语与宾补为被动关系)。
(3)have
sb.
do“让某人做……”(指一次性的具体的动作)，其中do前面不能带to。
(4)have
sth.
to
do，这一结构中have
意为“有”，即“有某事要做”，不定式作定语。主动表被动。
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]His
parents
always
had_him_weeding
the
garden,
carrying
out
the
garbage
and
delivering
newspapers.
他的父母让他在花园锄草，清理垃圾并且发报纸。
②Growing
up,
I
had_people_telling
me
I
was
too
slow,
though,
with
an
IQ
of
150＋at
17,
I'm
anything
but
stupid.
在我成长的过程中，人们不断地告诉我，我很迟钝，尽管我一点也不笨，17岁时智商就在150以上。
③[2016·北京高考]They
would
have_the_medicine_sent
by
rail
from
Anchorage
to
Nenana.
他们会通过铁路把药从安克雷奇送到尼纳纳．
④It's
important
to
have_your_eyes_examined
regularly.
定期检查眼睛是非常重要的。
⑤I
had_Mary_clean
my
bedroom
yesterday.
昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Look!
The
boys
are
playing
on
the
playground.
________
a
warm
scene
it
is!
答案：What 考查感叹句。句意：看，男孩们正在操场上玩耍。多么温馨的场景啊！结构为：What＋a(n)＋adj.＋n.＋主语＋谓语！
2．If
you
have
something
awful
________
(say),
have
the
courage
to
face
the
person
and
say
it.
答案：to
say 考查不定式作定语。句意：如果你有些极坏的话要说，那么，鼓足勇气去面对这个人并且说出来。
3．I'm
________
worried
than
angry
when
they
didn't
come
home.
答案：more 考查固定句式。more
A
than
B意为“与其说是B，倒不如说是A”。
4．The
patient
is
going
to
have
his
temperature
________
(take)．
答案：taken 考查have
sth.
done结构。have
sth.
done意为“请人做某事”，其中过去分词done用作宾补。句意：这个病人准备让人量体温。
5．In
the
picture,
there
________
(stand)
a
tree
full
of
fruit
on
one
side
of
the
stream.
答案：stands 考查倒装结构中的主谓一致。谓语动词的数与后面的名词保持一致。
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．这家饭店隔壁还有多栋大楼和另一家装修华丽的大酒店。
________________________________________________________
答案：Next
to
this
restaurant
stand
many
buildings
and
another
grand
hotel
which
is
beautifully
decorated.
2．在新的环境中学会和他人友好相处对每个人都很重要。
________________________________________________________
答案：It
is
important
that
everyone
should
learn
to
get
along
well
with
others
in
a
new
environment.
3．据说这座桥在两个月之后建成。
________________________________________________________
答案：It's
said
that
the
bridge
will
be
completed
in
two
months.
复习被动语态(包括to
do
不定式)
谓语动词的被动语态
1．其构成为“be＋done”，不同时态体现在助动词be上。
The
magazine
is
published
in
Shanghai.
2．含情态动词的被动语态构成为“情态动词＋be＋done”
It
is
required
that
the
work
(should)
be
finished
in
a
week.
3．短语动词的被动语态中，短语动词为一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
The
spelling
of
the
word
“expect”
must
be
paid
attention
to.
to
do不定式的被动形式
1．to
do
不定式一般式的被动形式为“to
be
done”。
We
have
had
a
good
start,
but
next,
more
work
needs
to
be
done
to
achieve
the
final
success.
2．to
do
不定式完成式的被动形式为“to
have
been
done”，表示此动作发生在谓语动词之前。
Look
at
the
pride
on
Tom's
face.
He
seems
to
have
been
praised
by
the
manager
just
now.
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．More
expressways
________
(build)
in
Sichuan
soon
to
promote
the
local
economy.
答案：will
be
built 考查时态和语态。句意：四川将很快修建更多的高速公路以促进地方经济(的发展)。expressways与build之间是动宾关系，且由soon可知，用一般将来时。
2．The
airport
________
(complete)
next
year
will
help
promote
tourism
in
this
area.
答案：to
be
completed 考查不定式的被动语态。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。不定式作定语时表将来，且机场应是“被建成”，故用to
be
completed。
3．The
professor
was
delighted
to
find
that
two
thirds
of
the
project
________
(finish)
by
the
students
independently.
答案：had
been
finished 考查时态和语态。分析可知finish这个动作发生在was
delighted
to
find之前，故应用过去完成时；又因project和finish之间是被动关系，故用had
been
finished。
4．The
dictionary
is
said
to
________
(translate)
into
many
languages.
答案：have
been
translated 考查时态和语态。句意：据说这本字典被译成很多种语言。translate动作发生在is
said之前，故应用不定式的完成时；且dictionary与translate之间存在被动关系，故用不定式完成式的被动形式。
5．Unless
some
extra
money
________
(find),
the
theatre
will
close.
答案：is
found 考查时态和语态。句意：除非我们能再弄到些钱，否则剧院将关闭。当主句为一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时表示将来。money和find之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
If
there
is
one
thing
I
have
learned
over
the
years,
it
is
that
life
in
this
world
is
bitter－sweet.
It
has
been
and
it
__1__
will
be.I
realized
this
early
and
every
day
I
see
further
__2__
of
it.It
is
something
that
we
all
just
have
to
__3__.
When
I
was
a
boy,
I
cherished
my
books
and
toys,
but
then
I
__4__
them
all
when
our
house
was
__5__
in
the
middle
of
one
night.
When
growing
up,
I
loved
the
isolated
(孤立的)
woodlands
and
meadows
that
were
my
__6__，
but
often
I
found
myself
playing
__7__.
At
school,
I
found
learning
fun
and
__8__，
but
I
was
never
as
popular
as
I
wanted
to
be.
In
college,
I
enjoyed
the
excitement
of
being
out
on
my
own,
yet
I
still
missed
the
love
and
__9__
of
home.
As
I
grew
into
adulthood
I
fell
in
love
and
had
my
heart
__10__.
I
graduated
from
college,
but
I
never
__11__
the
success
I
thought
I
would
get.
I
had
three
beautiful
__12__
that
taught
me
so
much
about
love,
yet
I
watched
my
two
sons
__13__
daily
with
Autism
(孤独症).
I
cherished
the
love
that
my
Mom
and
Dad
gave
me,
and
then
I
__14__
them
die
before
I
was
50.Life
is
bitter－sweet
which
is
full
of
ups
and
downs,
twists
and
turns,
successes
and
__15__.
Whether
life
makes
us
bitter
or
sweet,
__16__，
is
up
to
us.
Anyhow,
we
could
__17__
something
from
it.
It
is
during
the
__18__
times
that
we
grow
the
strongest
and
our
goodness
is
most
__19__.
Stay
strong.
Love
much.
Live
well.
Please
__20__
your
goodness
and
make
this
world
a
sweeter
place
for
all.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。人生喜忧参半，作者用自己的酸甜苦辣尽有的经历来证实这一点。
1．A．rarely
B.forever
C.almost
D.always
答案：D 根据下文作者讲述的自己的经历可知，人生的状况是酸甜都有，不仅现在如此，将来亦是如此。
2．A．information
B.action
C．experience
D.evidence
答案：D 通过下文可知，这样的生活证据(evidence)很多，每天皆是。
3．A．respect
B.accept
C.decline
D.fight
答案：B 根据语境可知，这是我们所有人都必须接受的事情，故填accept。
4．A．borrowed
B.picked
C.lost
D.destroyed
答案：C 根据上文“...cherished
my
books
and
toys,
but...”中but表转折及下文中半夜火灾的发生，可知此处用lost。
5．A．burned
down
B.built
up
C.
let
out
D.torn
apart
答案：A 根据下文中的“in
the
middle
of
one
night”以及上题中的讲述可知，此处表示某天半夜，“我们”的房子被烧毁。
6．A．laboratory
B.library
C.study
D.playground
答案：D 根据第7题前“found
myself
playing”可知，此处指林地和草地是我的游乐场。
7．A．fairly
B.badly
C.alone
D.well
答案：C 根据上文提到的“isolated”可知，作者发现自己独自(alone)一人在玩。
8．A．easy
B.rapid
C．formal
D.boring
答案：A 根据上文“found
learning
fun”可知，此处填与fun性质相同的答案。
9．A．conditions
B.comforts
C.reliefs
D．aids
答案：B 此处讲作者享受独自离开家的兴奋的同时，也怀念家的爱与舒适(comforts)。
10．A．won
B.stolen
C.broken
D.failed
答案：C 此处讲作者成人后恋爱了，心受伤害了。
11．A．judged
B.enjoyed
C.gained
D.proved
答案：C gain
success“获得成功”。句意：我从来未取得我曾经觉得我会取得的成功。
12．A．children
B.teachers
C.relatives
D.friends
答案：A 根据下文中的“watched
my
two
sons”可知，答案是children。
13．A．commit
B.undertake
C.operate
D.struggle
答案：D struggle
with“与……抗争”。此处指作者的两个儿子与孤独症抗争。
14．A．watched
B.sensed
C．heard
D.noticed
答案：A 根据语境可知，此处表示作者目睹着父母去世。
15．A．difficulties
B.failures
C.hardships
D.diseases
答案：B 根据上文中的“ups
and
downs,
twists
and
turns”可知，该空填failures对应successes。
16．A．however
B.therefore
C.though
D.otherwise
答案：A 根据上下文的语境可知，此处与上文是转折关系。
17．A．conclude
B.benefit
C.realize
D.learn
答案：D 根据首段内容可知，我们应从这些经历中学会一些东西。
18．A．perfect
B.sweet
C.tough
D.suitable
答案：C 根据下文中的“grow
the
strongest”可知，我们在困境中才会变得最强大，此时，我们的善良也是最被需要的。tough
times“艰难时期，困境”。
19．A．needed
B.showed
C.found
D.kept
答案：A 解析见上题。
20．A．divide
B.repay
C.receive
D.share
答案：D 根据下文中的“make
this
world
a
sweeter
place
for
all”可知，此处指应分享你的善良。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·宜宾模拟]Getting
more
followers
is
something
we
usually
associate
with
social
media
or
micro
messaging
apps,
but
soon
we
could
all
have
a
new
type
of
follower—a
robotic
one.
Dozens
of
robots
and
technology
fans
gathered
in
Boston,
US,
earlier
this
month
for
the
RoboBusiness
conference.
The
latest
developments
in
the
world
of
robotics
were
shown
to
the
public
and
this
time
the
trend
was
robots
following
people.
Perhaps
the
most
exciting
development
on
show
was
the
ability
of
drones
(无人机)
to
follow
you
from
the
air,
acting
as
your
own
personal
cameraman
or
photographer.
One
example
is
3 D
Robotics'
Iris
drone,
developed
by
a
US based
company.
The
drone
is
fitted
with
cameras
and
has
a
“follow
me”
function.
It
connects
with
your
GPS enabled
Android
device
(设备),
like
a
mobile
phone.
Then
it
flies
and
follows
you
around,
shooting
action
footage
(影片)
of
you
from
above.
The
soft ware
in
the
drone
makes
sure
that
you're
always
in
the
center
of
the
frame.
It
can
keep
working
for
15
minutes,
as
long
as
there
aren't
too
many
trees
for
it
to
crash
into.
This
could
be
exciting
for
anyone
who
loves
action
sports
or
wants
to
be
the
star
of
their
own
short
film.
But
what
if
you
want
to
be
one
of
those
celebrities
who
have
helpers
carrying
all
their
bags
and
doing
all
their
chores
A
robot
called
Budgee
can
help.
Budgee,
made
by
5
Elements
Robotics
is
literally
a
basket
on
wheels.
It
is
mainly
designed
to
help
elderly
and
disabled
people.
It
is
also
a
good
choice
for
anyone
who
doesn't
have
enough
arms
for
grocery
bag,
Wired
magazine
reported.
It
can
carry
up
to
22.7
kg
of
items.
To
make
Budgee
follow
them,
its
owner
will
have
to
wear
a
small
device
and
use
an
app
to
set
the
distance
between
themselves
and
the
robot.
Budgee
even
sends
a
text
message
when
it
can't
keep
up
with
its
owner.
“I
want
you
to
look
at
the
robot
like
he's
your
buddy,
he's
your
friend.
There's
a
relationship
you
develop
with
the
robot，”
Wendy
Roberts,
CEO
of
5
Elements
Robotics,
told
gigaom.
com.
It
might
not
be
quite
the
same
as
robotic
assistants
we've
seen
in
movies
such
as
Disney's
Wall E,
where
robots
cater
for
(满足)
our
every
need,
but
that
idea
doesn't
seem
quite
so
far fetched(不着边际的)
now.
篇章导读：文章主要介绍了两种最新发明的机器人的相关情况。
1．The
drone
developed
by
a
US based
company
can________.
A．decide
who
to
put
in
the
center
of
the
frame
B．fly
around
you
and
take
videos
from
above
C．be
used
to
take
pictures
and
make
phone
calls
D．keep
working
for
15
minutes
in
any
conditions
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句“Perhaps
the
most
exciting
development
on
show
was
the
ability
of
drones
(无人机)
to
follow
you
from
the
air,
acting
as
your
own
personal
cameraman
or
photographer.”可知，B选项的内容与之相符。故应选B。
2．According
to
the
article,
Budgee
is
most
likely
to
be
targeted
at
________.
A．staff
in
supermarkets
B．elderly
and
disabled
people
C．those
who
love
action
sports
D．celebrities
who
need
a
close
buddy
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第七段所讲的内容可知，这种机器人能帮人们提食品杂货袋，甚至能搬运重达22.7
公斤的东西。由此可知，它对于超市职员有利。故选A。本题易误选B，文中提到Budgee实际上是装在轮椅上的篮子，主要为帮助老人和残疾人而设计的，这是事实，而本题问的是最有可能的服务对象是谁。
3．The
main
purpose
of
the
article
is
to
________.
A．urge
people
to
buy
the
drone
and
Budgee
B．tell
the
reader
about
two
new
types
of
robots
C．call
on
people
to
develop
relationships
with
robots
D．analyze
why
the
two
types
of
robots
can
lead
a
trend
答案：B 推理判断题。纵观全文，文章主要讲述的是两种最新发明的机器人的相关情况。故选B正确。
1．latest
adj.
最近的；最新的
2.trend
n.
趋势；趋向
3．shoot
v.
拍摄；摄影；射击
4.frame
n.
框架；支架
5．device
n.
装置；设备
1．associate
with
联想；联系
2．keep
up
with
跟上；与……齐头并进
B
For
many
years,
machines
have
been
doing
work
that
people
once
did,
including
some
difficult
jobs.
Search
and
rescue
operations
in
dangerous
environments
are
often
seen
as
the
first
areas
that
will
employ
high
technology
robots.
But
there
is
another
area
where
they
may
soon
take
jobs
traditionally
held
by
human
beings:
the
restaurant
industry.
Teams
from
around
the
world
competed
in
early
June
at
the
DARPA
Robotic
Challenge
Finals
in
California.
A
team
from
South
Korea
and
its
robot,
called
DRC Hubo,
won
the
first
place
in
the
competition.
The
second
and
third
place
winners
were
from
the
United
States.
The
robots
were
required
to
drive
a
vehicle，
climb
up
stTIF
and
do
mechanical
work.
Such
activities
are
easy
for
humans
to
perform,
but
more
difficult
for
machines.
Not
all
of
the
competitors
were
successful.
The
failures
showed
how
difficult
it
is
to
design
effective
walking
machines.
Akihiro
Suzuki
works
at
Yaskawa
Electric,
a
company
that
develops
robots.
He
says
robots
cannot
do
everything
a
human
can,
but
they
are
able
to
work
without
becoming
tired.
He
says
robots
cannot
taste
food,
change
heating
levels
or
seasonings
to
get
the
best
flavor
(风味).
But
he
says
if
a
food
can
be
easily
prepared,
a
robot
can
repeat
the
same
movement
to
reproduce
the
same
meal.
One
Japanese
woman
who
saw
the
robots
working
wanted
to
bring
them
home.
Masayo
Mori
says
she
would
like
to
have
a
husband
who
could
work
like
a
robot.
Suzumo
Machinery
showed
its
sushi
(寿司)
maker
robot.
It
performs
the
often
difficult
work
of
wrapping
the
popular
Japanese
food.
Hiroshi
Monden
is
an
official
with
the
company.
He
says
people
all
over
the
world
now
eat
sushi,
but
there
are
not
enough
skilled
workers
to
prepare
it.
He
says
his
machine
can
help
anyone
make
sushi.
篇章导读：机器人已能够做很多人类可以做的事情，包括一些很难的工作。本文主要介绍了可以在餐饮业中应用的机器人。
4．In
Paragraph
1,
the
author
tells
us
________.
A．robots
just
do
difficult
jobs
B．robots
are
sometimes
dangerous
C．robots
are
widely
used
in
our
life
D．robots
are
gradually
replacing
humans
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“For
many
years,
machines
have
been
doing
work
that
people
once
did,
including
some
difficult
jobs.”及最后一句“...the
restaurant
industry.”可知，机器人正在做着以前由人类做的工作，包括一些困难的工作，且机器人还被应用于餐饮业。由此可知，机器人正被广泛应用于我们的生活中。故选C项。
5．Why
did
some
teams
fail
at
the
DARPA
Robotic
Challenge
Finals
A．Their
robots
cannot
be
applied
at
home.
B．Preparing
food
is
really
difficult
for
robots.
C．They
failed
to
design
effective
walking
robots.
D．Their
robots
can
just
repeat
the
same
movement.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“The
failures
showed
how
difficult
it
is
to
design
effective
walking
machines.”可知，有些参赛者的失败表明设计会走路的机器人有多难。故选C项。
6．We
can
infer
from
the
last
paragraph
that
________.
A．Japanese
men
are
lazy
B．robots
are
popular
in
Japan
C．Japan
has
advanced
high
technology
D．robots
usually
take
the
job
of
making
sushi
in
Japan
答案：B 推理判断题。文章最后一段举了两个事例，一是一位看到机器人工作的日本女士想要把它们带回家，二是日本人用机器人做寿司，这两个例子都表明机器人在日本是很受欢迎的。故选B项。
7．In
which
column
can
we
probably
see
the
text
A．Science.
B．Culture.
C．Health.
D．Education.
答案：A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍机器人在餐饮业中的应用，属于科技类，有可能来自于科学栏目。故选A项。
1．employ
vt.
雇用
2.vehicle
n.
交通工具；车辆
3．mechanical
adj.
机动的
4.wrap
vt.
包；裹(衣物等)
5．official
n．/adj.
官员/公务的
1．would
like
愿意；想要
2．all
over
the
world
遍及全世界
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
In
modern
society,
competition
is
everywhere.
No
wonder
a
English
philosopher
considers
competition
the
source
of
a
series
of
problem
such
as
frustration
and
anxiety.
Therefore,
if
we
stress
cooperation
too
much,
there
would
be
no
progress.
In
my
opinion,
all
are
important
and
necessary.
Let's
take
the
competition
at
school
for
example.
Even
a
gifted
student
won't
make
a
remarkable
progress
if
he
is
in
a
class
without
competition.
That's
because
competition,
and
rather,
challenge
is
a
driving
force
made
him
go
forward.
On
the
other
hand,
if
we
don't
cooperate
with
each
other,
it's
impossible
for
us
learn
from
each
other.
And
that's
why
most
of
the
great
discoveries
or
inventions
in
the
modern
world
are
the
result
of
cooperation.
To
conclude,
those
who
laugh
last
are
the
people
who
can
successful
cope
with
the
relationship
between
competition
and
cooperation.
答案：
In
modern
society,
competition
is
everywhere.
No
wonder
English
philosopher
considers
competition
the
source
of
a
series
of
such
as
frustration
and
anxiety.
，
if
we
cooperation
too
much,
there
be
no
progress.
In
my
opinion,
are
important
and
necessary.
Let's
take
the
competition
at
school
for
example.
Even
a
gifted
student
won't
make
remarkable
progress
if
he
is
in
a
class
without
competition.
That's
because
competition,
rather,
challenge
is
a
driving
force
him
go
forward.
On
the
other
hand,
if
we
don't
cooperate
with
each
other,
it's
impossible
for
us
learn
from
each
other.
And
that's
why
most
of
the
great
discoveries
or
inventions
in
the
modern
world
are
the
result
of
cooperation.
To
conclude,
those
who
laugh
last
are
the
people
who
can
cope
with
the
relationship
between
competition
and
cooperation.
第一处：English前的a→an English的发音第一个音是元音，因此用an。
第二处：problem→problems a
series
of
problems“一系列的问题”。
第三处：Therefore→However 由上下文的意思可知，此处表转折“然而”。
第四处：stress→stressed或would改为will 考查if引导的非真实条件句或“主将从现”原则。
第五处：all→both 由上下文可知，用both表示两者cooperation和competition。
第六处：去掉make之后的a progress为不可数名词，不用不定冠词。
第七处：and→or or
rather固定搭配，意为“更确切地说”。
第八处：made→making 考查现在分词作后置定语。a
driving
force和make之间是主动关系，故用making。
第九处：learn前加to It's
impossible
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
为固定句式，意为“某人不可能做某事”。
第十处：successful→successfully 此处副词successfully修饰动词cope。话题素材——国外旅游
好词
1.destination
n.
目的地
2.guidance
n.
引导；指导
3.aboard
prep.&adv.
在(船、飞机、火车等)上；上(船、飞机、火车等)
4.departure
n.
离开；启程
5.enjoyable
adj.
愉快的；有趣的
6.a
must see
place
必游之地
7.beyond
description
难以描述
8.major
in
主修
9.catch
one's
eye
吸引某人的眼球
10.appeal
to...
对……有吸引力
11.a
dream
trip
梦想之旅
12.be
struck
by...
被……迷住
13.in
terms
of
tuition
有关学费方面
14.put
up
提供住宿
15.go
sightseeing
去观光
佳句
1.The
dream
of
going
to
the
first class
university
abroad
attracts_us_greatly
and
we
have
made_up_our_minds_to_achieve
it.
去国外上一流大学的梦想极大地吸引着我们，我们已下定决心来实现梦想。
2.Students
who
have
studied
abroad
can
act_as
mediator
between
people
of
different
cultures.
留过学的学生们可以充当来自不同文化的人们的媒介。
3.More
and
more
parents
incline
to
send
their
children
abroad
to
get
higher
education,
which
is
quite
different
from
the
one
in
China.
越来越多的家长倾向于把孩子送到国外接受高等教育，国外的教育与国内有很大的不同。
[精美语篇]
With
the
improved
living
standard
and
China's
being
more
open
to
the
world,
more
and
more
young
people
choose
to
pursue
their
higher
education
in
English speaking
countries.
Frankly
speaking,
studying
overseas
has
both
advantages
and
disadvantages.
The
main
benefit
of
studying
abroad
is
the
academic
one.
Obviously
in
western
colleges
and
universities,
the
laboratories
and
book
resources
are
more
up to date.
More
importantly,
they
have
first rate
professors
who
are
aware
of
the
latest
developments
in
their
respective
field.
Hence,
the
standard
of
teaching
is
much
higher.
Besides,
traveling
abroad
can
broaden
their
mind
and
offer
them
greater
opportunities
to
develop
their
independence.
Despite
these
obvious
advantages,
we
should
not
overlook
negative
effects.
One
problem
is
the
difficulty
they
have
to
adjust
to
a
new
culture.
They
may
experience
loneliness
and
homesickness,
which
will
of
course
do
harm
to
them.
Another
is
the
financial
problem.
It
is
not
easy
for
ordinary
students
to
cover
high
college
cost.
While
overseas
study
has
its
drawbacks,
the
advantages
are
obvious.
Personally,
I
think
it
a
good
idea
to
study
overseas.
Something
different
can
be
learnt.
高频单词
1．recommend
(vt.)
推荐；建议→recommendation
(n.)
推荐；介绍；建议
2．lecture
(n.&
v．)
演讲；讲课→lecturer
(n.)
演讲者；(大学)讲师
3．comfort
(n.)
舒适；安慰 (vt.)
安慰→comfortable
(adj.)
舒适的；自在的；心安理得的→uncomfortable
(adj.)
(反义词)不舒适的；不自在的→comfortably
(adv.)
舒适地
4．requirement
(n.)
需要；需求→require
(vt.)
需要；需求→required
(adj.)
必修的
5．abundant
(adj.)
丰富的；充裕的→abundance
(n.)
丰富
6．govern
(v.)
统治；支配；管理→government
(n.)
政府；统治
7．preparation
(n.)
准备；预备→prepare
(vt.)
准备
8．contradict
(vt.)
反驳；驳斥→contradictory
(adj.)
相矛盾的→contradiction
(n.)
驳斥；矛盾
9．routine
(n.)
常规；日常事务
(adj.)
通常的；例行的
10．occupy
(vt.)
占用；占领→occupation
(n.)
居住；占用；职业→occupational
(adj.)
职业的
11．agent
(n.)
代理人；经纪人→agency(n.)
代理权；通讯社
12．quality
(n.)
品质；质量→qualify
(vt.)
取得资格；使合格→qualified
(adj.)
有资格的；能胜任的→qualification
(n.)
资格；资历
13．acknowledge
(vt.)
承认；确认；答谢→acknowledgement
(n.)
承认
14．substitute
(n.)
代用品；代替者(vt.)
用……代替……→substitution
(n.)代替的人(物)
15．qualification
(n.)
资格；资历→qualified
(adj.)
有资格的→qualify
(vt.)限制；使……具有资格
16．apology
(n.)
道歉；谢罪→apologize
(vi.)道歉
重点短语
1．keep_it_up
保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
2．fit_in
相适应；相融和
3．apply_for
申请
4．take_up
占据
5．as_far_as_sb._be_concerned
就……而言
6．refer_to
参考；涉及
7．be_occupied_with
忙着做……；忙于某事物
8．day_in_and_day_out
日复一日
9．out_of_the_question
不可能的；不值得讨论的
10．settle_in
(迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来
11．adjust_to
适应
12．in_the_company_of
在……陪伴下
热点句型
1．It/This
was
the
first
time
that...
“这是第一次……”
This_was_the_first_time(这是第一次)she
had
ever
left
her
motherland.(教材P38)
2．what
to
do结构在句中可作宾语
But
I
was
also
very
nervous
as
I
didn't
know
what_to_expect(期待什么)．(教材P38)
3．as
far
as...
is/was
concerned
“在……看来；就……而言”在句中作插入语
Besides
as_far_as_he_was_concerned
(就他认为)what
other
people
thought
was
not
the
most
important
thing.(教材P38)
4．“get
＋
过去分词”用作系表结构，表被动
When
I
got_lost_(迷路)and
had
to
ask
a
passer by
for
directions,
I
didn't
always
understand.(教材P38)
5．“after＋doing”结构是动词的 ing形式作介词的宾语
After_getting_my_visa
(拿到签证后)I
was
very
excited
because
I
had
dreamed
of
this
day
for
so
long.
(教材P38)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Six
years
ago
Xie
Lei
said
goodbye
to
her
family
and
friends
in
China
and
________
(board)
a
plane
for
London.
答案：boarded
2．Xie
Lei
told
me
________
she
feels
much
more
________
home
in
England
now.
答案：that;
at
3．Xie
Lei
lives
with
a
host
family
________
give
her
lots
of
good
advice.
答案：who
4．She
is
halfway
through
the
preparation
year,
________
most
foreign
students
complete
before
applying
________
a
degree
course.
答案：which;
for
5．The
preparation
course
is
the
most
________
(benefit)．
答案：beneficial
6．You
have
to
get
used
________
a
whole
new
way
of
life,
which
can
take
________
all
your
concentration
in
the
beginning.
答案：to;
up
7．“They
don't
talk
like
they
do
on
our
listening
tapes，”
she
said,
________
(laugh)．
答案：laughing
8．I
couldn't
write
what
other
people
had
said
without
________
(acknowledge)
them.
答案：acknowledging
9．I
should
give
my
own
opinion
and
explain
it
by
referring
________
other
authors.
答案：to
10．I
have
been
so
occupied
with
work
________
I
haven't
had
time
for
social
activities.
答案：that
1 recommend vt.推荐；介绍；劝告，建议
Xie
Lei
highly
recommends
it.(P38)
谢蕾非常看重它(预科课程)。
归纳拓展
(1)recommend
sb.
sth.＝recommend
sth.
to
sb.向某人推荐、介绍某物
recommend
sb.
as推荐某人为……
recommend
sth.
for推荐某物做某种用途
(2)recommend
doing建议做……
recommend
sb.
to_do
sth.
建议某人做某事
recommend
that...建议……(从句中用should＋do,
should可省略)
(3)recommendation
n．建议；推荐；介绍
语境助记
①[2016·天津高考]The
author
recommends_dealing
with
the
hardest
task
first
to
prevent
start up
fatigue.
为了预防启动疲劳，作者建议先处理最难的任务。
②The
doctor
recommended_his_patient_to_go
out
for
a
walk.
医生建议他的病人出去散散步。
③It
is
such
a
great
hotel
that
I
would
recommend
it
to
any
friend
of
mine
who
is
going
to
Beijing.
这家旅馆那么好，我会把它推荐给我的任何一位去北京的朋友。
④I
recommend
you
(should)
go
by
subway.
我建议你坐地铁去。
2 comfort n.
舒适；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事 vt.安慰
Also,
when
I
miss
my
family,
it's
a
great
comfort
to
have
a
substitute
family
to
be
with.
(P38)
还有，当我想家时，房东家就是我家的替代，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
归纳拓展
(1)comfort
sb.
with
sth.
用……来安慰某人/使某人舒适
comfort
sb.
for
sth.
因某事安慰某人
(2)give
comfort
to
安慰(某人)
in
comfort＝comfortably
舒适地；放松地
be
a
comfort
to
对……是安慰
take
comfort
in...
从……中得到安慰
(3)comfortable
adj.
舒适的；令人感到安慰的
uncomfortable
adj.
不舒适的；不舒服的
comfortably
adv.
舒适地
名师点睛
语境助记
①It's_a_comfort
to
know
that
she
is
safe.
得知她平安无事，这是一个安慰。
②Everybody
hurts.
Take_comfort_in
your
friends.
每个人都会受伤，从你的朋友那得到抚慰。
③Her
parents
comforted_her_for
her
failing
in
the
driving
test.
因她驾照考试没通过，她父母安慰她。
④His
large
income
enabled
him
to
live
comfortably.
他那丰厚的收入使他可以生活得舒适。
⑤[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]She
gave
me
a
comforting_smile,_nodded
while
listening
patiently.
她边耐心地听边冲我安慰地笑了笑，点了点头。
3 requirement n．要求；必要条件；需要
Xie
Lei's
preparation
course
is
helping
her
to
get
used
to
the
academic
requirements
of
a
Western
university.
(P38)
谢蕾的预科课程还帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。
归纳拓展
(1)meet/satisfy
one's
requirement
达到/满足某人的要求
(2)require
vt.
需要；要求
sth.
require
doing/to_be_done
某事需要被……
require
sb.
to_do
sth.
要求某人做某事
require
that...(should)_do
sth.
要求……
require
sth.
of
sb.
要求某人某事
名师点睛
1 require表示“需要”接含有被动意义的非谓语动词时，不定式表示被动结构，而动名词表示主动结构，即require
to
be
done或require
doing。
2 require接that从句时从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即 should＋ do的形式；其名词requirement后的表语从句或同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气。
语境助记
①[2016·四川高考]Students
must
meet_all_of_the_following_requirements.
学生必须要符合以下要求。
②[2016·天津高考]We_require
the
student's
full
flight
details
at
least
4
weeks
in
advance.
我们要至少提前4周了解学生的整个飞行细节。
③These
trees
are
so
young
that
they
require
looking/to_be_looked
after
carefully.
这些树太小了，它们需要细心照料。
④All
the
members
are_required_to_attend
the
meeting.
所有成员都被要求出席这次会议。
⑤The
situation
required
that
we
(should)_make
an
immediate
decision.
当时的情况需要我们立刻作出决定。
4 acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢
First
of
all,
he
told
me,
I
couldn't
write
what
other
people
had
said
without
acknowledging
them.(P38)
他告诉我，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。
归纳拓展
acknowledge
doing
sth.
承认做某事
acknowledge
that...
承认……
acknowledge
sb./sth.
as.../to
be...
承认某人/事为……
acknowledge
sb.
with...
用……对某人表示感谢
It's
universally
acknowledged
that...
……是大家所公认的
语境助记①[牛津高阶]He
is
widely
acknowledged_as
the
best
player
in
the
world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
②They
acknowledged_having_been_defeated.他们承认已被打败。
③It_is
now
generally
acknowledged_that
he
was
innocent.
现在大家普遍认为他是无辜的。
④I
was
sent
a
free
copy
in_acknowledgement_of
my
contribution.
我收到一本赠刊，表示对我投稿的谢意。
5 occupy vt.占有；占领；占据
I
have
been
so
occupied
with
work
that
I
haven't
had
time
for
social
activities.(P39)
我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间参加社会活动。
归纳拓展
(1)occupy
oneself
with
sth./in
doing
sth.忙于某事/做某事；专心于某事/做某事
occupy
one's_mind/thoughts/attention占据某人的头脑/思想/注意力
(2)be
occupied
in
(doing)
sth.忙于(做)某事
keep
sb.
occupied使人忙碌
be
occupied
with
sth.从事/忙于某事
(3)occupation
n．占领；职业；工作
(4)“忙于……的”其他表达
be
busy
(in)
doing
sth./with
sth.
be
engaged
in
doing
sth.
be
buried
in
sth.
be
employed
in
sth.
be
lost
in
sth.
语境助记
①Later
I
went
to
a
caf?
to
have
lunch,
but
all
the
tables
were_occupied.
后来我去了一家咖啡馆吃午饭，但所有的桌子都被占了。
②Helen
was_fully_occupied_with
business
matters,
so
we
didn't
want
to
bother
her.
海伦全身心地忙于公务，所以我们不想打扰她。
③Occupied_in
looking
after
three
children
at
home,
she
no
longer
has
time
to
enjoy
the
various
activities
in
the
club.
忙于在家照顾三个孩子，她再也无暇去俱乐部进行娱乐活动。
④[朗文高阶]Please
state
your
name,
address
and
occupation.
请写明你的姓名、地址和职业。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．She
patiently
explained
all
the
rules
to
the
students
and
required
everyone
________
(follow)
them.答案：to
follow 考查动词不定式。require
sb.
to
do...“要求某人做……”。
2．One
of
the
features
of
Jurassic
oceans
was
an
________
(abundant)
of
large
sharks
and
crocodiles.
答案：abundance 考查词性转换。句意：侏罗纪时期海域的特征之一是富含大鲨鱼和鳄鱼。由空格前an可知，此处应填abundant的名词形式。
3．Eye
doctors
recommend
that
a
child's
first
eye
exam
________
(be)
at
the
age
of
6
months
old.
答案：(should)
be 考查虚拟语气。recommend
that...从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，构成为“(should)＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
4．Nothing
can
substitute
________
the
advice
your
doctors
is
able
to
give
you.
答案：for 考查介词。句意：医生所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。substitute
for...“代替/取代”。
5．A
young
man
can
write
and
make
music
on
a
computer
________
(comfort)
in
his
bedroom.
答案：comfortably 考查词性转换。修饰write
and
make
music动词短语应用副词。
6．It
is
widely
________
(acknowledge)
that
students
should
be
evaluated
in
terms
of
overall
quality.
答案：acknowledged 考查固定句式。句意：广泛认为应根据全面素质来评价学生。It
is
acknowledged
that...“广泛认为……；……是大家公认的”。
7．The
family
began
making
________
(prepare)
immediately
after
one
of
the
members
saw
the
boat.
答案：preparations 考查固定搭配。make
preparations
for...“为……作好准备”。
8．I
think
you
should
________
(apology)
to
him
for
your
rudeness.
答案：apologize 考查词性转换。should后接动词原形。apologize
to
sb.
for
sth.“因某事向某人道歉”。
9．To
the
delight
of
the
headmaster,
the
young
teacher
had
all
the
________
(qualify)
she
hoped
for.
答案：qualifications 考查词形转换。由冠词the可知，应用名词qualification“资格；资质”。
10．My
fingers
were
numb
________
cold
after
standing
outside
for
a
long
time.
答案：with 考查介词。句意：在外面站了很久，我的手指都冻麻了。with介词“因为；由于”。
1 keep
it
up
保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
KEEP
IT
UP,
XIE
LEI(P38)
谢蕾，再接再厉
归纳拓展
语境助记
①You're
doing
great.
You
just
keep_it_up!
你做得很好。继续努力！
②Walking
alone
in
the
dark,
the
boy
whistled
to
keep_up
his
courage.
独自在黑暗中行走，男孩吹口哨壮胆。
③The
modern
world
has
been
developing
very
fast.
Every
country
must
keep_up_with
the
time.
现代世界一直在飞快地发展变化。每个国家都需要与时俱进。
④In
face
of
the
challenge
for
the
moment,
it's
the
most
important
to_keep_up
a
good
state
of
health.
面对目前的挑战，最重要的是保持良好的身体状态。
⑤They
keep_in_touch_with_each_other
through
the
Internet.
他们彼此通过因特网保持联系。
⑥Keep_in_mind_that
in
life
we
often
get
a
chance
to
choose
to
do
or
not
do
something.
时刻牢记，人生中我们经常得到一个机会来选择做什么或者不做什么。
2 fit
in
相适应；相融合
Chinese
student
fitting
in
well...(P38)
中国学生适应性强……
归纳拓展
(1)fit
sb.
(大小)适合某人
fit
in
(with
sb./sth.)适应；与……合得来
(2)be
fit
to
do
sth.
适合做某事be
fit
for
胜任；适合……
keep
fit
保持健康
语境助记
①He
has
never
done
this
type
of
work
before;
I'm
not
sure
whether_he'll_fit_in.
他以前从未做过这种工作，我不确定他是否能适应。
②She
seldom
communicates
with
others
so
she
doesn't
fit_in_with
the
class.
她很少与其他人交流，因此她没融入班级。
③She's
not
fit_to
look
after
children.
她不适合照看小孩。
④Sports
can
help
you
keep_fit
and
get
in
touch
with
nature.
运动有助于你保持健康，接触大自然。
过关演练
选词填空
settle
in；
out
of
the
question；
keep
it
up；
adjust
to；
get
used
to；
refer
to；
as
far
as
I'm
concerned；
fit
in；
be
occupied
with；
day
in
and
day
out
1．To
finish
the
job
in
an
hour
is
________
for
a
child.
答案：out
of
the
question
2．But
how
could
I
help
her
________
with
us
There
had
to
be
a
way.
答案：fit
in
3．—I
get
at
least
half
an
hour
of
exercise
almost
every
day.—Oh
great！________.
答案：Keep
it
up
4．________，
this
is
the
most
important
point.
答案：As
far
as
I'm
concerned
5．Arriving
in
the
Sunshine
State
was
rather
tiring,
but
I
managed
to
catch
a
taxi
to
my
accommodation
and
________.
答案：settle
in
6．It
is
difficult
for
the
old
to
________
another
country's
customs.
答案：get
used
to
7．His
mind
________
this
important
task,
so
he
couldn't
go
out
for
a
walk.
答案：was
occupied
with
8．Let
me
just
________
my
notes
for
the
exact
figures.
答案：refer
to
9．________
you
can
hear
them
arguing
about
the
same
silly
questions.
答案：Day
in
and
day
out
10．It
was
a
few
moments
before
his
eyes
________
the
bright
glare
of
the
sun.
答案：adjusted
to
Besides,
as_far_as_he_was_concerned,_what
other
people
thought
was
not
the
most
important
thing.(P38)
此外，就他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。
as
far
as本意为“和……一样远”，此处“as/so
far
as
sb./sth.
is
concerned”是固定句式，意为“在某人看来；就某人或某事而言”。
归纳拓展
so/as
far
as
I
can
see
依我看来
so/as
far
as
I
know
就我所知
as
far
as
the
eye
can
see
就视线所及
so/as
far
as
I
can
remember
据我所记得的
as...as
possible＝as...as
sb.
can/could
尽可能……/尽某人所能……
as
long
as
只要；像……一样长
as
soon
as
一……就……
as
much/many
as
与……一样多；多达……
as
far
as
远到；就……；至于
语境助记
①As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_change
your
attitude
when
you
find
the
environment
unchangeable.
在我看来，当你发现环境不可改变时，就改变你的态度。
②As/So_far_as_I_can_see,_that's
high
unlikely.
依我看，那是极不可能的。
③I
love
my
motherland
as_much_as
you
love
yours.
我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。
④[2016·天津高考]Every
way
I
practiced
reading
and
writing,
which
I
used
to
avoid
as_much_as_possible.
我想方设法练习阅读和写作，这些都是我以前尽可能躲避的。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Person's
life
is
limited.
In
a
limited
life,
we
should
read
good
books
as
________
as
possible.
答案：many 考查固定搭配。as
many
as
possible
“尽可能多的……”。
2．The
new
library
is
so
well
equipped
________
many
citizens
in
Wuhan
can
go
there
to
read
and
borrow
books.
答案：that 考查结果状语从句。句意：新的图书馆设备如此完善，以至于许多武汉市民都可以去那里借阅图书。so...that引导结果状语从句。
3．It
was
the
second
time
that
she
________
(win)
the
prize
in
the
English
Speaking
Contest.
答案：had
won 考查动词时态。“It
was＋the
first/second/...
time
that...”结构中，从句的谓语用过去完成时。
4．As
________
as
I
could
remember,
I
did
return
him
the
book.
答案：far 考查固定搭配。as
far
as
I
can/could
remember“据我所记得的”。
5．________
(try)
some
of
this
juice—perhaps
you'll
like
it.
答案：Try 考查祈使句。句意：尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．就我所知，在那座小城市里购物很方便。
________________________________________________________
答案：As
far
as
I
know,
it's
convenient
to
go
shopping
in
that
small
town.
2．我们可以一直走到海边去。
________________________________________________________
答案：We
can
walk
as
far
as
the
beach.
3．正当我们疑惑该做什么的时候，经理走了出来。
________________________________________________________
答案：When
we
were
wondering
what
to
do,
the
manager
came
out.
复习非限制性定语从句
概念：非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分进行进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后，其他部分仍可成立。
Yesterday
I
met
Li
Lei,
and
he
seemed
to
be
very
busy.
(用非限制性定语从句改写)
→Yesterday
I
met
Li
Lei,
who
seemed
to
be
very
busy.
先行词：注意在非限制性定语从句中先行词既可以是一个词，也可以是一个句子，这时关系词选择as
或which。
In
the
presence
of
so
many
people,
he
was
a
little
tense
and
that
was
understandable.(用定语从句改写)
→In
the
presence
of
so
many
people,
he
was
a
little
tense,
which
was
understandable.
非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．which代替物，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能使用that，且不可省略。
I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week.
My
classmates
recommended
it
to
me.(用定语从句合并)
→I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,
which
my
classmates
recommended
to
me.
2．指人时，主格用who,
宾格用whom。
After
the
flooding，people
were
suffering
in
that
area.
They
urgently
needed
clean
water,
medicine，and
shelter
to
survive.(用定语从句合并)
→After
the
flooding,
people
were
suffering
in
that
area,
who
urgently
needed
clean
water,
medicine
and
shelter
to
survive.
3．表示所属用whose。
Li
Ming
is
absent
from
school
today.
His
mother
has
been
ill
for
2
days.(用定语从句合并)
→Li
Ming,
whose
mother
has
been
ill
for
2
days,
is
absent
from
school
today.
4．关系副词when,
where引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作状语，why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
Last
Sunday,
he
reached
Nanjing
and
a
conference
was
to
be
held
there.(用定语从句改写)
→Last
Sunday,
he
reached
Nanjing,
where
a
conference
was
to
be
held.
5．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导非限制性定语从句。
I
finished
my
work
ahead
of
time
and
after
that
I
went
home.(用定语从句改写)→I
finished
my
work
ahead
of
time,
after
which
I
went
home.6．“数词/代词＋of
which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句。
The
buses
were
surrounded
by
old
men.
Most
of
the
buses
were
already
full.(用定语从句合并)
→The
buses,
most
of
which
were
already
full,
were
surrounded
by
old
men.
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．[2016·四川高考]Previous
studies
have
also
indicated
that
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep
because
of
the
cakium
content,
________
helps
people
to
relax.
答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语，并且是非限制性定语从句，故应用which，不用that。
2．The
children,
all
of
________
had
played
the
whole
day
long,
were
worn
out.
答案：whom 考查whom引导的定语从句。句意：玩了一天的孩子们累坏了。先行词为the
children，且作介词of的宾语，故填关系代词whom。
3．If
the
earth
is
poisoned,
the
water,
the
food
and
the
animals
will
be
poisoned,
________
means
that
we
who
poison
the
earth
will
be
poisoned
too.
答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：如果土地被污染了，水、食物和动物就会被污染，这意味着将土地污染了，我们也将被污染。先行词为设空处前的内容，联系词在定语从句中充当主语。故用which引导非限制性定语从句。
4．They
went
to
London,
________
they
lived
for
six
months.
答案：where 考查where引导的定语从句。定语从句中缺少地点状语，故应填where。
5．There,
lying
in
the
muddy
river
bed
was
a
little
dog
about
two
months
old,
________
front
legs
were
tightly
tied
with
ropes.
答案：whose 考查whose引导的定语从句。句意：那里，在泥泞的河床里躺着一只大约两个月大的小狗，它的前腿被绳子紧紧地拴在一起。先行词为a
little
dog，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The
little
dog's
front
legs
were
tightly
tied
with
ropes.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose引导。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
All
I
did
last
month
did
make
me
feel
so
good
inside.
I
had
a
lot
of
__1__，
pretty
much
at
my
waist
and
I
loved
it
and
my
friends
loved
it.
They
were
all
saying
how
__2__
I
was
to
have
such
long
hair
and
how
good
it
was
for
doing
different
__3__.
But
it
also
brought
me
a
lot
of
__4__.
It
was
heavy
and
was
always
getting
in
the
way.
Sometimes
it
would
attempt
to
__5__
out
of
the
window
when
I
put
the
car
window
down.
__6__，
I
wanted
to
get
a
fair
amount
__7__，
because
I
thought
it
was
time.
I
was
talking
to
my
friends
about
it
and
one
of
them
__8__
that
her
older
sister
used
to
have
really
long
hair
like
mine,
and
she
__9__
over
half
of
it
to
charity.
This
sparked
a(n)
__10__
in
me
so
I
started
looking
at
different
charities
online.
I
came
across
the
AAAF
website
and
__11__
this
was
something
I
really
wanted
to
do.
So
I
booked
a
hairdresser's
__12__
and
went
there
to
have
35
cm
of
my
hair
cut
off.
I
put
my
hair
in
(a)n
__13__
with
a
letter
and
sent
it
off,
feeling
__14__
that
I
could
help
someone
else's
life.
The
hair
I
was
sending
off
would
be
made
into
a
wig
for
a
child
whose
hair
was
__15__
due
to
cancer.
I
wasn't
__16__
anything
back,
and
I
was
just
pleased
to
be
doing
this
small
thing
for
someone
else.
But
last
week
I
received
a
letter
in
the
post
thanking
me
for
my
__17__
of
hair
and
letting
me
know
how
much
they
__18__
the
gesture.
Now
I
am
finding
that
I
don't
even
miss
my
hair
and
can't
__19__
until
my
hair
is
long
enough,
so
I
can
__20__
to
do
it
over
and
over
again!
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者头发很长，既有优势，又有麻烦，在朋友的提醒下，作者把自己的一部分头发捐给了一家慈善机构，后来收到感谢信。作者希望自己的头发快点再长长，再次捐出。
1．A.hair
B．toys
C．hobbies
D．clothes
答案：A 根据上下文可知，作者有很多头发并且很长。
2．A.hard
B．lucky
C．interested
D．amazed
答案：B 根据下文“...and
how
good
it
was
for
doing
different
__3__.”可知，此处表示朋友们认为作者有那么长的头发是一件幸运的事情。
3．A.displays
B．exhibitions
C．hairstyles
D．designs
答案：C 此处承接上文，作者头发很长，因此朋友们认为作者梳不同的发型会非常好看。hairstyle“发型”。
4．A.pleasure
B．sorrow
C．convenience
D．trouble
答案：D 结合下文“It
was
heavy
and
was
always
getting
in
the
way.”可知，此处指作者的长头发所带来的麻烦。
5．A.jump
B．escape
C．slide
D．fly
答案：D 此处描述有长头发的烦恼，即坐车放下车窗时，头发都飘到窗外了。
6．A.Besides
B．Also
C．Anyway
D．Meanwhile
答案：C 由上文可知，有长头发既有好处，又有不利的一面。此处承接上文，不管怎样(anyway)，作者都想剪掉一部分头发。
7．A.sold
out
B．cut
off
C．cut
up
D．sold
up
答案：B 根据后文“So
I
booked
a
hairdresser's
__12__
and
went
there
to
have
35
cm
of
my
hair
cut
off.”可知，作者想剪掉自己的一部分头发。cut
off“剪掉”。
8．A.mentioned
B．recommended
C．suggested
D．believed
答案：A 此处是作者的一位朋友提到她的姐姐有过类似的长头发经历。mention“提到”。
9．A.donated
B．sent
C．collected
D．distributed
答案：A 此处是朋友的姐姐把头发捐给了一家慈善机构。donate“捐献；捐赠”。
10．A.doubt
B．interest
C．anxiety
D．sympathy
答案：B 根据下文“...so
I
started
looking
at
different
charities
online.”可知，朋友姐姐的所作所为激发了作者的兴趣(interest)。
11．A.decided
B．ensured
C．checked
D．insisted
答案：A 根据上一句可推知，当作者找到一家合适的慈善机构时，决定(decided)这正是她想做的事情。
12．A.order
B．appointment
C．experiment
D．try
答案：B 由语境可知，做出决定后，作者与理发店进行了预约。appointment意为“预约；约定”。
13．A.case
B．jar
C．envelope
D．mailbox
答案：C 根据后文“...with
a
letter
and
sent
it
off.”可知，作者把头发和信放到了信封(envelope)里面。
14．A.pity
B．anxious
C．ordinary
D．great
答案：D 根据下文“...that
I
could
help
someone
else's
life.”可知，作者因为能帮助他人而感到自己很伟大(great)。
15．A.produced
B．lost
C．replaced
D．cut
答案：B 此处指由于癌症而失去(lost)头发的儿童。
16．A.expecting
B．requiring
C．requesting
D．receiving
答案：A 由语境可知，作者在做这件事的时候并没有期待任何回报。expect“期待；盼望”。
17．A.determination
B．share
C．contribution
D．decision
答案：C 因为作者把头发捐赠给一家慈善机构，这家慈善机构寄给作者一封感谢信，感谢作者捐赠了头发。contribution“捐赠；捐献”。
18．A.valued
B．appreciated
C．desired
D．understood
答案：B 承接上文，这家慈善机构同时想让作者知道他们是多么欣赏(appreciated)作者的行为。
19．A.dream
B．worry
C．wish
D．wait
答案：D 此处表示作者迫不及待地等待着头发再次长长，以使自己能够继续捐赠头发。wait“等待”。
20．A.begin
B．stop
C．determine
D．continue
答案：D 参见上题解析。continue“继续”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
FIVE DAY
ANTARCTIC
EXPLORATION
TRIP
Leaving
from
Ushuaia,
Ocean_Nova
takes
you
through
the
Beagle
Channel
to
Cape
Horn.
Cross
the
Drake
Passage
and
explore
one
of
the
most
mysterious
places
on
earth,
the
coldest
and
farthest
continent—Antarctica.
Itinerary(行程)
Day
1：Your
journey
begins
in
Ushuaia,
Argentina.
Board
Ocean
Nova
and
sail
along
the
Beagle
Channel
towards
Puerto
Williams,
Chile,
the
southernmost
town
in
the
world.
Explore
the
surroundings
before
setting
sail
for
Cape
Horn.
Day
2：After
an
overnight
crossing
of
Nassau
Bay,
you
awake
in
full
view
of
beautiful
Cape
Horn!
Weather
permitting,
board
a
boat
and
be
one
of
the
adventurers
to
step
foot
on
this
famous
and
rarely visited
island.
Day
3：Sailing
through
the
Drake
Passage
along
the
route
to
King
George
Island,
in
the
South
Shetland
Islands,
you
can
watch
for
wildlife.
You
may
spot
attractive
sea
birds,
such
as
albatrosses
(信天翁)
and
petrels
(海燕)．
Day
4：After
the
journey
crosses
the
Antarctic
Convergence,
the
environment
changes
greatly.
Keep
your
camera
ready,
as
this
is
the
time
to
watch
for
the
first
icebergs
(冰山)
and
the
first
sight
of
Antarctic
land.
Reaching
the
South
Shetland
Islands,
you
can
sail
in
ice filled
bays,
while
enjoying
the
company
of
sea
birds,
penguins,
seals
and
whales.
Day
5：Upon
reaching
King
George
Island,
disembark
(上岸)
at
Fildes
Bay
and
explore
the
area.
Say
goodbye
to
Antarctica
before
boarding
the
flight
back
to
Punta
Arenas,
Chile.
篇章导读：本文详细介绍了为期五天的南极之旅，包括从哪里出发、如何前往南极以及每日的活动安排。
1．In
which
place
the
tourists
will
begin
their
five day
trip
A．The
Beagle
Channel.
B．Cape
Horn.
C．Ushuaia,
Argentina.
D．Puerto
Williams,
Chile.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Leaving
from
Ushuaia,
Ocean
Nova
takes
you...”可知，游客们将从阿根廷的乌斯怀亚出发。故选C项。
2．On
which
day
will
the
tourists
see
the
attractive
sea
birds
A．Day
1.
B．Day
2.
C．Day
3.
D．Day
4.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文中提示词“albatrosses(信天翁)
and
petrels(海燕)”很容易定位attractive
sea
birds出现在Day
3。故选C项。
3．What
does
the
underlined
words
“Ocean
Nova”
refer
to
A．A
ship.
B．A
bird.
C．A
place.
D．A
channel.
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据原句中Channel一词有“海峡”之意，可猜测画线词与航行有关；再根据文章Day
1部分第二句“Board
Ocean
Nova
and
sail...”可知，Ocean
Nova应该是一艘船的名字。故选A项。
4．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
A．The
trip
will
last
five
days.
B．The
introduction
of
the
trip
aims
to
attract
tourists
to
take
part
in
the
trip.
C．The
tourists
will
disembark
at
Fildes
Bay
and
explore
the
area
and
then
board
the
flight
back
to
Chile.
D．The
tourists
can
keep
a
camera
in
order
to
take
photos
of
sea
birds.
答案：B 推理判断题。A、C两项为原文细节，不是推断的内容；根据文章Day
4部分第二句“Keep
your
camera
ready,
as
this
is
the
time
to
watch
for
the
first
icebergs
and
the
first
sight
of
Antarctic
land.”可知，带相机的目的是为了拍摄南极的冰山和陆地，故D项错误；再根据文章第一段中的“the
most
mysterious
places”以及作者描述行程时的语气可推测，介绍这些行程的目的是希望吸引游客去南极旅行。故选B项。
1．continent
n.
大陆；陆地；洲
2.Antarctica
n.
南极洲
3．route
n.
路线；路途
4.spot
vt.
看出；看见
5．company
n.
陪伴；陪同；公司
1．set
sail
启航
2．in
full
view
of
完全看得见；在眼皮底下
B
Families
should
not
waste
their
money
on
organic
food,
the
government
has
warned.
They
should
instead
spend
their
money
on
whatever
they
can
afford,
even
if
it
means
eating
frozen
vegetables.
The
government
now
faces
calls
to
end
￡20
million
of
subsidies
to
organic
farming.
A
recent
study
in
the
British
Journal
of
Nutrition
found
organic
crops
have
up
to
60
percent
more
antioxidants
(抗氧化物)
than
non organic
crops.
But
critics
claim
there
is
still
no
evidence
that
organic
food
is
a
healthier
option.
Amid
growing
concern
that
too
few
people
are
eating
enough
fruit
and
vegetables,
the
government
is
at
pains
to
stress
that
families
should
not
waste
their
money
on
organic
food.
Just
30
percent
of
people
meet
the
recommendation
to
eat
five
or
more
portions
of
fruit
and
vegetables
a
day.
Government
frontbencher
(前座议员)
Baroness
Jolly
said，“Organic
products
provide
a
useful
extension
of
consumer
choice,
but
it
is
worth
emphasizing
that,
nutritionally,
they
are
no
better
and
no
worse
than
conventional
products.
The
only
benefit
of
organic
farming
was
enjoyed
by
birds,
insects,
mammals
and
plants.”“It
is
up
to
the
consumers
to
decide
how
they
spend
their
money
on
their
fruit
and
vegetables.
There
are
many
reasons
why
an
individual
might
wish
to
choose
organic
products
but
nutritional
benefit
should
not
be
one
of
them，”she
added.
Chief
Executive
Helen
Browning
said,
“We
know
that
people
choose
organic
food
because
they
believe
it
is
better
for
them,
also
well
as
for
wildlife,
animal
welfare
and
the
environment,
and
this
research
backs
up
what
people
think
about
organic
food.”
篇章导读：本文说明了有机食物与普通食物一样，营养价值上两者差别不大。因此，人们无需介意食用的是否是有机食物。
5．The
government
is
encouraging
people
to________.
A．eat
more
fruit
and
vegetables
B．do
more
research
on
food
C．pay
attention
to
their
health
D．protect
the
environment
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Just
30
percent
of
people
meet
the
recommendation
to
eat
five
or
more
portions
of
fruit
and
vegetables
a
day.”可知，政府是鼓励人们吃更多的水果和蔬菜。故选A。
6．According
to
Baroness
Jolly，________.
A．organic
products
are
better
than
common
food
B．organic
products
can't
provide
better
nutrition
C．people
should
be
urged
to
buy
organic
products
D．organic
foods
are
good
for
environment
protection
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段“...nutritionally，they
are
no
better
and
no
worse
than
conventional
products.”可知营养上讲，有机食物和普通食物差别不大。故选B。
7．What's
Helen
Browning's
attitude
to
organic
food
A．Mixed.
B．Doubtful.
C．Positive.
D．Worried.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段Helen
Browning发表的看法“他认为人们选择有机食品有利于人类、野生动物及环境”，因此他对有机食物持积极乐观的态度。故选C。
1．warn
vt.
警告；提醒
2．frozen
adj.
冻结的；冷酷的
3．concern
n．/vt.
担心；关切/使担心；与……相关
4．extension
n.
延长；延期；电话分机
5．emphasize
vt.
强调；加强……的语气
1．up
to
多达；至多
2.back
up
支持；援助
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2017·山东枣庄高三月考]
Dear
Grace，
How
is
everything
going
with
you
I've
been
in
Russia
for
two
months.
This
is
the
first
time
that
I've
been
away
my
family
for
such
a
long
time.
With
the
help
of
Katia,
a
roommate
of
me,
I
soon
get
used
to
live
without
my
parents
around.
Katia,
like
many
other
Russian
girls,
are
nice
and
lively.
We
became
friend
shortly
after
we
met
each
other.
Although
her
English
is
a
little
hardly
to
understand,
we
enjoy
chatting
and
we
usually
talk
a
lot
about
our
own
family.
We're
both
surprising
that
Chinese
culture
and
Russian
culture
were
so
different.
Now,
we
are
planning
a
small
party
for
the
next
Sunday.
There,
Katia
will
introduce
me
to
some
of
her
friends,
one
of
who
has
been
to
China
several
times.
I
just
can't
wait.
Write
back
to
me
as
soon
as
possible.
Yours，
Betty
答案：
第一处：away后加from 考查固定短语。be
away
from...“离开……”。
第二处：me→mine 考查名词性物主代词。a
roommate
of
mine“我的一名室友”。
第三处：live→living 考查固定搭配。get
used
to
doing...“习惯于做某事”。
第四处：are→is 考查主谓一致。主语是Katia，因此用is。
第五处：friend→friends 考查名词复数。由该句结构可知，应用friend的复数形式。
第六处：hardly→hard 考查形容词。此处混淆了hard“困难的”与hardly“几乎不”。
第七处：surprising→surprised 考查形容词。因主语是人，应用surprised作表语。
第八处：were→are 考查动词的时态。由上下文可知，应用一般现在时。
第九处：去掉next前的the 考查零冠词。next,
last等词修饰名词时，其前通常不用冠词。
第十处：who→whom 考查关系代词。介词之后应跟代词宾格，故将who改为whom。选修7
话题素材——好好生活
好词
1.sympathy
n.
同情 2.overcome
vt.
克服
3.determination
n.
决心
4.optimistic
adj.
乐观的
5.progress
n.
进步
6.be
confident
of
sth.
对某事有信心
7.work
together
共事；共同努力
8.be
active
in
积极从事于
9.dream
of/about
梦想……
10.be
sorry
for
为……感到难过/愧疚
11.make
it
a
rule
to
do
sth.
做某事成为规定
12.be
skilled
in/at
sth.
在……方面熟练
13.be
available
可以利用的；有空的；可获得的
14.be
in
the
lead
领先
15.live/lead
a．..life
过……的生活
佳句
1.It_is_also_a_virtue_to
forgive
and
forget,
especially
in
such
a
competitive
and
stressful
society.
原谅和宽恕也是一种美德，尤其是在这样充满竞争和压力的社会。
2.In
the
past
decades,
advances
in
medical
technology
have
made_it_possible_for_people_to_live
longer
than
in
the
past.
在过去的几十年，医疗技术的进步已经使人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
3.In
fact,
we
have
to
admit
the
fact
that
the
quality
of
life
is
as_important_as
life
itself.
事实上，我们必须承认，生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
[精美语篇]
Wang
Hong
is
my
classmate.
She
is
a
lovely
girl.
But
at
the
age
of
ten，
she
became
disabled
in
a
big
fire，
which
made
her
left
eye
blind
and
right
arm
lost.
She
didn't
give
up
anything
in
spite
of
her
disability.
Not
only
has
she
learned
to
take
care
of
herself，but
also
she
encourages
other
disabled
people
to
face
life
bravely
and
lead
an
active
life.
Wang
Hong
learns
hard
and
takes
the
head
in
our
class.
And
we
are
all
inspired
by
her.
We
hope
other
people
don't
look
down
upon
the
disabled.
What
healthy
people
should
do
is
do
what
we
can
to
help
them，
such
as
making
public
equipment
more
convenient
for
them
to
use.
高频单词
1．disability
(n.)
伤残；无力；无能→disabled
(adj.)
伤残的
2．adapt
(vt.)
使适应；改编→adaptation
(n.)
适应；改编；改写本
3．annoy
(vt.)
使……不悦；惹恼→annoyed
(adj.)
颇为生气的→annoying
(adj.)
令人生气的→annoyance
(n.)
烦恼4．access
(n.)
(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性→accessible
(adj.)
可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
5．absence
(n.)
缺席；不在某处→absent
(adj.)
缺席的；不在的
6．beneficial
(adj.)
有益的；受益的→benefit
(n.)
利益；好处
(v.)
有益于
7．ambition
(n.)
雄心；野心→ambitious
(adj.)
有雄心的；有野心的
8．approval
(n.)
赞成；认可→approve
(v.)
通过；批准；赞成→disapprove
(vt.)
(反义词)不赞成
9．congratulate
(vt.)
祝贺；庆贺→congratulation
(n.)
祝贺；贺词
10．graduation
(n.)
毕业；毕业典礼→graduate
(vt.)
毕业
11．encouragement
(n.)
鼓励；奖励→encourage
(vt.)
鼓励；鼓舞→courage
(n.)
勇气；胆量→discourage
(vt.)
(反义词)使灰心；使泄气；阻止→discouragement
(n.)
(反义词)泄气；灰心；阻止；劝阻
12．assistance
(n.)
协助；援助→assist
(v.)
帮助；援助→assistant
(n.)
助手
13．conduct
(n.)
行为；品行
(vt.)
指挥；管理；主持→conduction
(n.)
(热或电等能量的)传导→conductive
(adj.)
具有传导性的→conductor
(n.)
指挥；售票员；导体
14．resign
(vi.
&
vt.)
辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)→resignation
(n.)辞职；辞职书；辞呈；顺从
15．exit
(n.)
出口；离开；退场→entrance
(n.)
(反义词)入口；进入；登场
重点短语
1．in_other_words 换句话说
2．adapt_to
适合
3．cut_out
切去；省略；停止(做某事)
4．out_of_breath
上气不接下气
5．all_in_all
总而言之
6．sit_around/about
闲坐着
7．as_well_as
和；也
8．in_many_ways
在很多方面
9．make_fun_of
取笑
10．never_mind
不必担心
11．all_the_best
(口语)(祝你)一切顺利
12．meet_with
遇到；经历；会晤
13．in_particular
尤其；特别
热点句型
1．be
proud
to
have
done“非常骄傲做过某事”，其中to
have
done不定式的完成式表示此动作发生在谓语动词之前
She
is_proud_to_have_taken_part_in
(非常骄傲参加了)
competitions
and
to
have
broken
a
record
by
running
two
laps
(800
metres)
this
year.(教材P1)
2．used
to
do
sth.表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在
I
used_to
(过去常常)
climb
trees,
swim
and
play
football.(教材P2)
3．every
time引导的时间状语从句Every_time_I_returned_after_an_absence
(每次我在缺课后回来),
I
felt
stupid
because
I
was
behind
the
others.(教材P2)
4．现在分词短语作伴随状语
I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling_sorry_for_myself
(顾影自怜)．(教材P2)
5．as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...“和……一样……”
Just
accept
them
for
who
they
are,
and
give
them
encouragement
to_live_as_rich_and_full_a_life_as_you_do
(像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满).
(教材P3)
6．be
supposed
to
have
done
“本应该做……”
I
was_supposed_to_have_finished
(本应该完成)
all
my
shopping
by
now
but...(教材P5)
7．It
is
convenient
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth..“对某人而言做……是方便的。”
For
disabled
customers
it_would_be_more_convenient
(会感觉更加方便)
to
place
the
toilets
near
the
entrance
to
the
cinema.(教材P8)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Although
some
may
think
the
cinema
is
noisy,
it
is
suitable
________
Sally's
condition.
答案：for
2．You
see,
I
have
a
muscle
disease
________
makes
me
very
weak.
答案：which/that
3．All
in
all
I
have
a
good
life,
I
am
happy
________
(find)
many
things
I
can
do,
like
writing
and
computer
programming.
答案：to
have
found
4．Until
I
was
ten
years
old
I
was
the
same
________
everyone
else.
答案：as
5．No
one
could
give
my
disease
a
name
and
it
is
difficult
to
know
________
the
future
holds.
答案：what
6．One
problem
is
________
I
don't
look
any
different
from
other
people.
答案：that
7．I
was
too
weak
________
(go)
to
school
so
my
education
suffered.
答案：to
go
8．The
cause
________
attracted
him
most
was
the
abolition
of
the
slave
trade.
答案：which/that
9．I
read
in
the
newspaper
today
that
you
are
________
(be)
the
architect
for
the
new
Bankstown
cinema.
答案：to
be
10．I
hope
you
will
not
mind
me
________
(write)
to
ask
if
you
have
thought
about
the
needs
of
disabled
customers.
答案：writing
1 adapt vt.使适应；改编
Unfortunately,
the
doctors
don't
know
how
to
make
me
better,
but
I
am
very
outgoing
and
have
learned
to
adapt
to
my
disability.(P2)
不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。
归纳拓展
(1)adapt
to...
适应于……
adapt
oneself
to...
使某人适应于……
adapt
sth.
from...
根据……改编某物
be
adapted
for...
为……而改编；适宜
(2)adaptable
adj.
能适应的；可修改的
(3)adaptation
n.
适应；改编；改写本
语境助记
①Children
adapt_to
a
new
environment
more
easily
than
adults.
儿童比成人更容易适应新环境。
②This
new
film
is
said
to
be_adapted_from
a
novel
by
Jane
Austen.
据说这部新影片是根据简·奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。
③These
teaching
materials
can
be_adapted_for
older
children.
这些教材可以修改一下供大龄孩子使用。
易混辨析
adapt
“修改；改变”；常指通过自身调节逐渐适应外界某种情况。有时可与adjust互换
adjust
“调整；调节(使之适合)”；常指通过调整达到某种要求或标准，多指机械类的调校
adopt
“采纳；收养”
④用adapt,
adjust,
adopt的正确形式填空
a．In
no
way
am
I
going
to
adopt
any
of
his
methods.
b．He
found
some
difficulty
adapting
to
the
local
culture.
c．You
can
adjust
this
desk
to
the
height
of
any
child.
2 annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼
The
few
who
cannot
see
the
real
person
inside
my
body
do
not
make
me
annoyed,
and
I
just
ignore
them.(P2)
少数几个看不到我内心世界的人并不能使我生气，我只是不去理会他们。
归纳拓展
(1)annoy
sb.
with
sth./by
doing
sth....使某人不高兴
(2)annoyed
adj.
感到恼火的；生气的
be
annoyed
with/at
sb.
对某人生气be
annoyed
by/about
sth.
因某事生气
(3)annoying
adj.
令人不高兴的；恼人的
it
is
annoying
that...令人恼火的是……
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]To
be
honest,
voters
sometimes
feel_annoyed,_not
because
they
hate
voting,
but
because
they
are
divided
between
emotion
and
fairness.
说实话，投票者有时会感到恼火，并不是由于他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们在情感和公正之间存在分歧。
②He
got
very
annoyed_with
me
about
my
carelessness.
他因我的粗心大意而对我很生气。
③I
was_annoyed_with
him
because
he
kept
interrupting
me.
我对他烦透了，因为他不停地打断我的话。
④Mr
Davies
was_annoyed_that
the
books
were
missing.
那些书不见了，戴维斯先生很懊恼。
⑤It
really
annoys_me
when
people
forget
to
say
thank
you.
当有人连谢谢都忘记说时，我确实感到不愉快。
3 absence n.
缺席；不在某处
Every
time
I
returned
after
an
absence,
I
felt
stupid
because
I
was
behind
the
others.(P2)
每次缺课之后回来，我都觉得自己很笨，因为我比别人落后了。
归纳拓展
(1)absence
from
school
class
lecture
逃学/缺课
absence
of
mind
心不在焉；精神恍惚
in
the
absence
of(人)不在；缺席；(物)不存在；缺少
in
one's
absence在某人不在时；在某人缺席时
(2)absent
adj.缺席的；不在的
be
absent
from...未出席……；缺席……
absent minded
adj.心不在焉的
语境助记
①The
decision
was
made
in_my_absence.
这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。
②However,
learning
English
as
a
foreign
language
is
very
difficult
in_the_absence_of
a
native
language
environment.
然而，在缺乏英语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。
③It
was
his
absence_of_mind
during
driving
that
resulted
in
a
terrible
accident.
正是他开车心不在焉导致了一起可怕的事故。
④John
has
been_absent_from
school
for
three
days
now.
约翰到现在已经旷课3天了。
4 conduct n．行为；品行(behaviour) vt.指挥；管理；主持；实施；带领；引导
Why
has
his
fellow
students'
conduct
changed
towards
Marty？(P3)
为什么他的那群同学对待马蒂的表现变了呢？
归纳拓展
conduct
sb.
around
(＝show
sb.
around)
带领某人参观
conduct
sb.
in/out/to
the
door
领某人进来/出去/到门口
conduct/do/make/perform/carry
out
an
experiment
做实验
conduct
a
concert
指挥音乐会
conduct
a
survey/an
investigation
开展调查
under
the
conduct
of
在……的指导(管理)下
语境助记
①The
surveys
were_conducted
every
year
from
1993
to
2003.
这些调查从1993年到2003年每年都会进行。
②[牛津高阶]The
guide
conducted
us
around
the
ruins
of
the
ancient
city.
导游带领我们参观了古城遗迹。
③Under_the_conduct_of
the
general,
the
parade
went
smoothly.
在将军的指挥下，阅兵进行得很顺利。
5 congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺
Listen
to
the
latter
part
of
Barry's
story
where
Joan
congratulates
Barry
and
wishes
him
future
success...(P7)
听巴里故事的后部分，在这部分里琼祝贺巴里并祝愿他未来成功……
归纳拓展
(1)congratulate
sb.
on就……向某人祝贺
congratulate
oneself
on
(doing)
sth.
为……感到自豪；为……感到高兴
(2)congratulation
n.
祝贺；恭喜
congratulations
to
sb.
on
sth.
祝贺某人某事
Congratulations！(口语)祝贺你！
语境助记
①You
can
congratulate_yourself_on
having
done
an
excellent
job.
你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
②I
want
to
express
my
sincere
congratulations
on
your
success.
我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。
易混辨析
celebrate
举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语
congratulate
“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on
(upon)，构成congratulate
sb.
on
(upon)
sth.
③用celebrate,
congratulate的正确形式填空
a．Let
me
congratulate
you
on
your
winning
the
first
place
in
the
100 meter
dash.
b．We
held
a
party
to
celebrate
his
birthday.
6 access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性；权利等(常与to连用)
I
am
sure
many
people
will
praise
your
cinema
if
you
design
it
with
good
access
for
disabled
people.(P8)
我相信很多人会表扬你的电影院，如果你把它设计得非常适合残疾人使用的话。
归纳拓展
(1)have/get/obtain/gain
access
to...拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入
give
access
to...准许进入/接近……
(2)accessible
adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易相处的
be
accessible
to...
……可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
语境助记
①[2016·四川高考]Gin
says
“I've
been
able
to
keep
firm
friendships
with
them.
Thus
I
have
been
allowed
to
gain_access_to
their
living
environment.”
金说：“我一直与他们有着密切的友情。这样，我就被允许接近他们的居住环境。”
②Before
the
Project
Hope
was
carried
out
in
this
poor
area,
children
had_no_access_to
education.
在这个贫困地区实施希望工程之前，孩子们无法接受教育。
③[朗文高阶]Computers
should
be
made
readily
accessible_to
teachers
and
pupils.
应当让老师和学生可以随时使用电脑。
④A
manager
should
be_accessible_to
his
staff.
一个管理人员应该让职员感到平易近人。
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I
hope
that
these
arrangements
meet
with
your
________
(approve)．
答案：approval 考查词性转换。根据空格前的物主代词可知，此处应用名词。meet
with
one's
approval意为“达到某人满意”。
2．Everybody
is
required
to
attend
the
meeting.
Be
sure
not
to
be
late
or
________
(absence)．
答案：absent 考查词性转换。be
absent
(from)意为“缺席……”。
3．The
research,
________
(conduct)
by
St.
George
University,
shows
that
different
parents
have
different
approaches
to
these
problems.
答案：conducted 考查过去分词作定语。句意：由圣乔治大学开展的这项研究表明，对这些问题，不同父母有不同的方法。过去分词形式作定语表被动。
4．Without
his
________
(encourage)
to
me,
I
would
have
been
defeated
in
the
game.
答案：encouragement 考查词性转换。encouragement名词，意为“鼓励”。
5．As
we
all
know,
fresh
air
is
________
(benefit)
to
our
health.
答案：beneficial 考查词性转换。句意：众所周知，新鲜的空气有益健康。根据句意可知，应用形容词。
6．On
the
long
journey,
Peter
proved
to
be
a
most
interesting
________
(company)．
答案：companion 考查词形转换。根据句意可知，应用名词。companion意为“同伴；伙伴”。
7．You
need
a
password
to
get
access
________
the
computer
system.
答案：to 考查固定搭配。get
access
to意为“可以使用/接近/进入……”。
8．—I
got
that
job
I
wanted
at
the
public
library.
—________
(congratulate)!
That's
good
news.
答案：Congratulations 考查词形转换。congratulation意为“祝贺”，常用于口语中，且常用复数形式。
9．He
is
so
________
(ambition)
that
he
wants
to
play
at
the
highest
level.
答案：ambitious 考查词性转换。此处形容词ambitious“雄心勃勃的”作表语。10．The
young
________
(assist)
often
helps
us
in
preparing
tools
for
experiments.
答案：assistant 考查词性转换。此处名词assistant“助手；助理”作主语。
1 in
other
words
换句话说
In
other
words,
there
are
not
many
people
like
me.(P2)
换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。
归纳拓展
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]They
asked
him
to
leave—in_other_words
he
was
fired.
他们请他走人，换句话说，他被解雇了。
②On
my
holidays,
I
will
travel
around
the
world.
In_a_word,_my
life
will
be
much
richer
and
more
colorful.
在假期，我会游览世界。总之，我的生活会更加丰富多彩。
③Word_came_that
three
Chinese
astronauts
had
been
successfully
sent
into
space.
有消息传来说三名中国宇航员已成功被送入太空。
④He
broke_his_word
so
many
times
that
I
cannot
trust
him
any
more.
他经常食言，我再也不能相信他了。
2 out
of
breath
上气不接下气
So
sometimes
some
children
in
my
primary
school
would
laugh,
when
I
got
out
of
breath
after
running
a
short
way
or
had
to
stop
and
rest
halfway
up
the
stairs.(P2)
当我跑了很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此上小学时有的孩子见到我这种情况就会笑话我。
归纳拓展
hold
one's
breath
屏住呼吸
lose
one's
breath
喘不过气来；喘息
take
a
deep
breath
深呼吸
catch
one's
breath
喘息；恢复正常呼吸
语境助记
①They
climbed
to
the
top
of
the
mountain,
out_of_breath.
他们气喘吁吁地爬到山顶。
②If
you
don't
mind,
I'll
stop
and
take_a_deep_breath.
如果你不介意，我要停下来深吸一口气。
③[朗文高阶]How
long
can
you
hold_your_breath
underwater
你在水里能憋气多长时间？
[联想] 根据汉语，补全下列out
of＋名词短语
out
of
sight
看不见
out
of
reach
够不着
out
of
control
失控
out
of
date
过期
out
of
fashion
不再流行；过时
out
of
order
次序颠倒；发生故障
out
of
work
失业
out
of
patience
失去耐心；不能忍受
out
of
question
没问题；毫无疑问
out
of
the_question
不可能的；办不到的
3 never
mind
不必担心；没关系；不要紧
Never
mind.(P5)
没关系，别担心。
归纳拓展
make
up
one's
mind
(to
do
sth.)
下定决心(做某事)
change
one's
mind
改变主意
keep/have...in
mind
记住；想到；考虑到
on
one's
mind
挂在心头；惦念
语境助记
①[朗文高阶]—We
haven't
done
very
well,
have
we
——我们做得不太好，是不是？
—Never_mind.
At
least
we
tried.
——没关系，至少我们尝试过了。
②He
changed_his_mind
after
a
phone
call
at
the
last
minute.
他在打完电话后的最后一分钟改变了主意。
③[2016·浙江高考]I
made_up_my_mind
I
would
find
out
what
was
good
in
my
present
situation.
我决定要找到我目前处境中的优势。
④[2016·江苏高考]On
the
Internet,
we
could
quickly
and
easily
locate
the
details,
and
check
facts,
without
keeping_them_in_mind.
在网上，我们能快速地、容易地确定细节，检查事实，而不需要记住它们。
⑤[牛津词典]Don't
bother
your
father
tonight—he's
got
a
lot
on_his_mind.
今晚就别打扰你父亲了，他的烦心事儿已经够多了。
过关演练
选词填空
in
other
words；
in
particular；
sit
around；
meet
with；
cut
out；
at
a
time；
as
well
as；
out
of
breath；
all
in
all；
in
many
ways
1．By
the
roadside
several
young
girls
were________
looking
bored.
答案：sitting
around
2．No
matter
what
difficulty
you________，
you
must
carry
out
your
plan.
答案：meet
with
3．________，
old
habits
die
hard,
even
in
the
best designed
eco home.
答案：In
other
words
4．We
ran
all
the
way
to
the
cinema,
arriving
there
quite
________.
答案：out
of
breath
5．The
little
boy
tossed
the
peanuts
into
his
mouth
one________.
答案：at
a
time
6．You
should
________
the
unimportant
details.
答案：cut
out
7．Is
there
anything________you'd
like
for
dinner
答案：in
particular
8．________
writing
stories,
I
love
reading
and
listening
to
music.
答案：As
well
as
9．He
looks
like
his
father
________，
such
as
eyes,
the
nose
and
so
on.
答案：in
many
ways
10．The
book
has
some
weak
points,
but
________，
I
consider
it
a
success.
答案：all
in
all
1 I
used_to_climb
trees,
swim
and
play
football.(P2)
我过去常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。
used
to
do意为“过去常常做……”，表示过去经常发生的动作或状态。
归纳拓展
used
to
do/be...过去常常做……/过去是……
be/get
used
to
doing
sth.
习惯于(做)……
be
used
to
do...
被用来做……
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]Such
activities
fill
the
spaces
that
used_to_be
dead
time
(such
as
waiting
for
somebody
to
arrive
for
a
lunch
meeting)．
这种活动填补了过去是空段时间的空间(比如等人一起去参加午餐会)。
②[牛津高阶]I
am
not
used_to_eating
so
much
at
lunchtime.
我不习惯午饭吃那么多。
③Coal
can
be_used_to_produce
power.
煤能被用来发电。
2 As_well_as
going
to
the
movies
and
football
matches
with
my
friends,
I
spend
a
lot
of
time
with
my
pets.(P2)
除了同我的朋友们一起去看电影和足球比赛外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物们在一起。
as
well
as意为“除……之外；和；也”，连接两个并列成分，如：名词、形容词、动词、介词等。此时，as
well
as连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面，意为“不但……而且……”、“既……又……”和“除了……之外，还有……”。
归纳拓展
(1)as
well
as用来表示同级比较，指“和……一样好”。
(2)用作介词，相当于besides/in
addition
to，意为“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。
名师点睛
as
well
as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式要和前面的主语保持一致；连接两个谓语时，两个动词的时态要保持一致。
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]She
intends
to
fight
to
make
it
a
woman's
as_well_as
a
man's
world.
她打算为了使它成为一个除了男性世界之外也是一个女性的世界而奋斗。
②Ellen
is
a
fantastic
dancer.
I
wish
I
danced
as_well_as
her.
埃伦是一个极出色的舞者。我希望我能够跳得和她一样好。
③Helen
as_well_as
I
is
eager
to
see
the
performance.
海伦和我一样急于要看演出。
④As_well_as
breaking
his
leg,
he
hurt
his
arm.
他不但摔断了腿，而且还伤了胳膊。
3 I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling_sorry_for_myself.(P2)
我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
归纳拓展
现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随情况，所表示的动作与谓语同时发生，且与句子的主语即逻辑主语之间是主动关系。
语境助记
①Lin
Xinru
and
Huo
Jianhua
have
got
married
making
a
hot
topic
in
the
entertainment
industry.
林心如和霍建华结婚了，这成了娱乐界的一个热门话题。
②As
the
light
turned
green,
I
stood
for
a
moment,
not
moving,_and
asked
myself
what
I
was
going
to
do.
当交通信号灯变绿灯时，我站了一会儿，一动不动，自问要做什么事。③He
made
the
boy
sit
there,
promising
they
would
not
hurt
him.
他让那个男孩坐在那儿，保证他们不会伤害他。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]People
probably
cooked
their
food
in
large
pots,
________
(use)
twigs
(树枝)
to
remove
it.
答案：using 考查分词作状语。此处people与use构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用using。
2．It
used
________
(be)
a
well known
maze.
答案：to
be 考查固定搭配。句意：这过去曾是一座著名的迷宫。used
to
do/be...意为“过去常常做/是……”。
3．The
teacher
as
well
as
the
students
________
(enjoy)
listening
to
English
songs.
答案：enjoys 考查主谓一致。as
well
as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式要和前面的主语保持一致。
4．You
are
late
again,
you
are
supposed
________
(be)
here
five
minutes
earlier.
答案：to
have
been 考查固定搭配。be
supposed
to
have
done
sth.，意为“本应该做某事(事实上未做)”。
5．Wood
is
often
used
________
(make)
desks
and
chairs.
答案：to
make 考查固定搭配。句意：木头常被用来制作桌椅。be
used
to
do...意为“被用来做……”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I
think
of
the
happy
hours
we
spent
together
________.
每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们在一起度过的美好时光。
答案：every
time
I
see
the
photos
2．I
am
too
busy,
____________________.
我很忙，没有时间闲坐着。
答案：having
no
time
to
sit
around
3．The
man
hopes__________________
as
his
grandpa.
这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。
答案：to
live
as
simple
a
life
复习动词不定式
to
do不定式作主语
1．单个不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
To
play
with
fire
is
dangerous.
2.不定式作主语时，若结构较长，谓语较短，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在后面。
It
is
our
duty
to
take
good
care
of
the
old.
to
do不定式作表语
不定式作表语，表示将来要发生的动作。常用在系动词be,
seem,
appear,
get,
remain等后。
Your
task
today
is
to
wash
the
curtains.
to
do不定式作宾语
1．不定式可作某些动词的宾语，常见的动词有afford,
agree,
ask,
decide,
desire,
expect,
fail,
hope,
manage,
promise,
pretend,
plan,
intend,
refuse,
wish等。
We
agreed
to
meet
here
but
so
far
she
hasn't
turned
up
yet.
2．介词but/except后接不定式作宾语时，如果前面有实义动词do的任何一种形式，不定式就要省略to。
We
could
do
nothing
but
wait
for
the
next
bus.
to
do不定式作定语
不定式作定语常放于被修饰词之后，一般表示将来的动作；但修饰有序数词或形容词最高级限定的名词时，则表示已完成的动作。
The
airport
to
be
completed
next
year
will
help
promote
tourism
in
this
area.
to
do不定式作补足语
to
do不定式可以充当一些动词后的宾语补足语；也可以作介词with后的宾补；还可以形成be
said/thought/known/considered...
to
do这一结构。
The
boy
is
said
to
have
been
admitted
into
a
famous
university
in
Qin
Huangdao.
to
do不定式作状语
to
do不定式可以充当目的状语或意料之外的结果状语。
Anxiously,
she
took
the
dress
out
of
the
package
and
tried
it
on,
only
to
find
it
didn't
fit.
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．________(learn)
more
about
Chinese
culture,
Jack
has
decided
to
take
Chinese
folk
music
as
an
elective
course.
答案：To
learn 考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克已决定选修中国民间音乐。
2．We
think
it
quite
important
for
us
________
(learn)
a
foreign
language
well.
答案：to
learn 考查不定式作宾语。句意：我们认为学好一门外语很重要。it为形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。
3．It's
standard
practice
for
a
company
like
this
one
________
(employ)
a
security
officer.
答案：to
employ 考查不定式作主语。句意：对于像这样的一家公司来说，雇用保安是一种惯例。it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。
4．One
day
a
young
man
was
walking
along
the
road
when
he
heard
a
cry.
It
seemed
________
(come)
from
underneath
a
bridge.
答案：to
be
coming 考查不定式作表语。句意：一天，一个年轻人正沿着道路行走，这时他听到了一阵哭声。那哭声似乎来自桥下。seem后应用不定式形式作表语，设空处表示正在进行，故用to
be
coming。
5．Let
those
in
need
________
(understand)
that
we
will
go
all
out
to
help
them.
答案：understand 考查不定式作宾语补足语。句意：让那些需要帮助的人们明白我们将全力以赴去帮助他们。此处为省略to的动词不定式作使役动词let的宾语补足语。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
[2017·河南省八市质检]My
dad
always
collected
coins.
He
was
delighted
when
the
new
U．S.
state
coins
were
__1__.
He
would
walk
to
his
long time
bankers
and
make
sure
they
put
at
least
a
__2__
of
new
coins
aside
for
him.
He
gave
them
to
every
family
member.
It
gradually
became
a
special
family
__3__
to
get
coins
from
Dad.
When
my
dad
__4__，
I
felt
such
a
sense
of
emptiness.
My
father
and
I
had
been
so
close.
I
was
lost
without
his
__5__
and
support.
I
wondered
if
I
would
ever
feel
my
dad
around
me
again,
__6__
me.
It
was
right
after
Hurricane
Katrina
and
I
was
doing
a
motivational
meeting
for
about
three
hundred
volunteers.
At
the
end
of
the
event,
I
felt
so
grateful
as
I
looked
at
these
__7__
individuals.
To
my
__8__，
when
I
glanced
at
the
floor,
I
saw
nothing
__9__
a
coin,
from
North
Carolina,
the
state
in
which
my
dad
was
born
and
__10__.
Then
two
months
later,
I
went
back
to
visit
my
mom.
While
I
was
there,
I
went
to
the
bank
to
__11__
a
check.
The
bank
manager,
who
had
known
me,
called
me
into
her
office,
showing
me
the
coins
for
all
the
states
my
dad
had
__12__.
Ever
since
that
time,
I
have
always
found
coins
at
the
most
__13__
times,
when
I
needed
support
the
most.
Amazingly,
nowadays
when
I
need
emotional
support
during
a
__14__
time,
a
coin
will
always
show
up
in
a(n)
__15__
place.
It
has
now
become
a
tradition
in
my
family.
Every
time
a
coin
appears
in
our
house,
one
of
my
kids
says,
“Oh,
it's
__16__！”
We
all
feel
a
sense
of
__17__
every
time
a
single
coin
turns
up
in
an
unexpected
place.
We
have
all
__18__
it
as
a
__19__
of
love,
guidance
and
support
from
Dad—and
every
new
coin
we
find
makes
us
__20__.
篇章导读：文章讲述了爸爸是一个爱收集硬币的人，他的爱好渐渐地感染了“我”。爸爸去世后，每当“我”看到钱币后，就会想起他，从而给予“我”克服困难的勇气。
1．A．delivered
B．sold
C．discovered
D．issued
答案：D delivered“传送”；sold“销售”；discovered“发现”；issued“发行”。根据文意可知，爸爸是一个爱收集硬币的人，每当美国的新硬币发行的时候，他就会很高兴，所以答案是D。
2．A．pack
B．roll
C．bunch
D．pile
答案：B pack“包裹”；roll“一卷”；bunch“簇”；pile“一堆”；a
roll
of是固定搭配，表示“一打”的意思。根据文意可知，他会走很长时间到银行并且确定他们为他放出至少一打新硬币，所以答案是B。
3．A．tradition
B．memory
C．decision
D．interest
答案：A tradition“传统”；memory“记忆”；decision“决定”；interest“利益”。根据文意可知，从父亲那里得到硬币渐渐地成为了我们家的传统，所以答案是A。
4．A．missed
B．disappeared
C．died
D．dropped
答案：C missed“想念；错过”；disappeared“消失”；died“死亡”；dropped“落下”。根据文意可知，父亲去世后，我感到了一种空虚感，所以答案是C。
5．A．guidance
B．promise
C．expectation
D．belief
答案：A guidance“指导”；promise“承诺”；expectation“期待”；belief“信念”。根据文意可知，没有了父亲的指导和支持，我迷茫了，所以答案是A。
6．A．watching
over
B．bringing
up
C．waiting
for
D．listening
to
答案：A watching
over“看守；监护”；bringing
up“抚养”；waiting
for“等待”；listening
to“听着”。根据文意可知，我想知道我能否像曾经那样感到父亲在我身边，并且看着我，所以答案是A。
7．A．concerned
B．devoted
C．embarrassed
D．relaxed
答案：B concerned“关心的”；devoted“专注的”；embarrassed“窘迫的”；relaxed“放松的”。根据文意可知，当这件事情结束后之后，看到这些专注的志愿者们我感到很感激，所以答案是B。
8．A．delight
B．confusion
C．astonishment
D．relief
答案：C to
one's
astonishment是固定搭配，表示“令某人震惊的是”。根据文意可知，令我感到震惊的是当我瞥见地板时，我看到了一枚硬币，这枚硬币来自卡罗莱纳州北部，是爸爸出生和成长的地方，所以答案是C。
9．A．from
B．but
C．with
D．for
答案：B nothing
but“只有；只不过。”根据文意可知，我什么也没看见除了一枚硬币，所以答案是B。
10．A．raised
B．brought
C．grown
D．played
答案：A 根据第8题的解析可知，此处表示“被抚养”，所以答案是A。
11．A．spend
B．sign
C．pay
D．cash
答案：D spend“花费”；sign“签约”；pay“支付”；cash“将……兑现”。根据文意可知，两个月之后，我回去看望母亲。当我到达那里的时候，我去银行兑付支票，所以答案是D。
12．A．ordered
B．collected
C．received
D．shared
答案：A ordered“预定”；collected“收集”；received“收到”；shared“分享”。根据文意可知，银行的经理认识我，带我来到她的办公室，向我展示爸爸所预定的所有的硬币，所以答案是A。
13．A．boring
B．adventurous
C．precious
D．extraordinary
答案：D boring“无聊的”；adventurous“冒险的”；precious“珍贵的”；extraordinary“不同寻常的”。根据文意可知，从那以后，我会经常在我特殊时期——最需要支持的时候看到硬币，所以答案是D。
14．A．complicated
B．nervous
C．disturbed
D．tough
答案：D complicated“复杂的”；nervous“紧张的”；disturbed“打扰的”；tough“困难的”。根据文意可知，使我感到惊奇的是当我处在艰难时期需要精神支持的时候，一枚硬币总会在奇怪的地方出现，所以答案是D。
15．A．strange
B．annoying
C．satisfying
D．hard
答案：A 根据上题解析可知，此处指“奇怪的”地方，所以答案是A。
16．A．money
B．grandpa
C．toy
D．belief
答案：B 根据文意可知，现在这已经是我们家的传统，每当家里出现硬币的时候，一个孩子就会说那是爷爷，所以答案是B。
17．A．proud
B．comfort
C．success
D．inspiration
答案：B proud“自豪”；comfort“安慰；舒适”；success“成功”；inspiration“鼓舞”。根据文意可知，每当硬币在一个不经意的地方出现时，我们就会有一种安慰，所以答案是B。
18．A．thought
B．explained
C．accepted
D．consulted
答案：C thought“认为”；explained“解释”；accepted“接受”；consulted“查询”。根据文意可知，我们都接受了这是父亲传递的信息，这信息包括爱、指导和支持，所以答案是C。
19．A．result
B．praise
C．message
D．need
答案：C 根据上题解析可知，此处表示“信息”，所以答案是C。
20．A．change
B．gain
C．improve
D．smile
答案：D change“改变”；gain“获得”；improve“提高”；smile“微笑”。根据文意可知，我们发现的每个新硬币都使我们感到很高兴，所以答案是D。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
A
middle aged
man,
dressed
in
an
old
brown
coat,
sat
quietly
on
a
park
bench
with
a
newspaper.
He
lost
his
job
and
life
just
seemed
so
pointless.
A
dark
cloud
of
hopelessness
hung
over
his
head.
A
little
girl
with
a
toy
bear
in
hand
was
playing
nearby,
whose
parents
were
busy
talking
with
other
people.
To
his
surprise,
he
witnessed
the
girl
stray
from
the
playground
in
the
opposite
direction
of
her
parents.
But
her
parents
had
no
idea
their
daughter
was
running
off
in
pursuit
of
a
butterfly.
“Maybe
there
was
a
danger，”
the
man
abandoned
his
paper
and
walked
in
the
girl's
direction.
His
walk
turned
into
a
jog.
He
didn't
know
what
he
did,
but
he
knew
he'd
have
to
move
more
quickly.
The
girl's
back
was
turned
as
she
continued
after
the
butterfly.
He
went
into
a
full
speed
after
the
child.
“Look
out!
A
speeding
car！...”
Luckily,
she
was
within
grasp.
The
man
reached
out，
grabbed
her
arm
quickly
and
pulled
her
back.
The
girl
screamed
in
terror.
But
the
noise
of
the
busy
streets
served
to
mute
her
cries
to
those
nearby.
“Let
me
go！”
the
girl
shouted.
The
man
kept
hold
of
her,
knelt,
and
looked
her
in
the
eyes.
“You
should
be
more
careful!
Never
play
near
the
streets.”
“I'm
sorry
I
frightened
you.
Just
get
back
to
your
parents,
kid.”
He
let
go,
fully
expecting
the
girl
to
run
away
in
tears,
however,
she
stayed,
staring
fixedly
at
the
ground.
“I'm
sorry,
mister.
I
had
thought
you
were
a
bad
man.
My
toy
is
now
for
you.”
“Look，”
the
man
sighed,
“No
need
to
apologize.
You
are
safer
from
now
on.”
She
started
off,
and
then
turned
to
wave
before
she
continued
back
to
her
folks.
The
man
kept
his
eyes
on
her
until
she
reached
her
parents.
“Maybe
life
isn't
so
bad
after
all.
At
least
there's
still
some
beauty
left
in
this
city.”He
thought
and
regained
confidence
towards
life.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个失去工作且对生活失去信心的中年男子，在自己绝望的时候，救了一个面临危险的小女孩，之后感到这个世界上还是有很多值得珍惜的东西的故事。
1．Why
did
the
man
feel
depressed
at
the
beginning
A．No
one
bought
his
newspaper.
B．He
wanted
a
higher
position.
C．People
ignored
him.
D．He
was
out
of
work.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“He
lost
his
job
and
life
just
seems
so
pointless.
A
dark
cloud
of
hopelessness
hung
over
his
head.”可知，这个人失去了工作，因此感到很失望。
2．What
did
the
girl's
parents
do
when
a
danger
appeared
A．They
had
a
chat
with
their
friends.
B．They
read
newspapers
on
a
bench.
C．They
tried
to
catch
the
butterfly.
D．They
witnessed
a
terrible
accident.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“A
little
girl
with
a
toy
bear
in
hand
was
playing
nearby,
whose
parents
were
busy
talking
with
other
people.”可知，小女孩的父母正与他们的朋友聊天，因此当小女孩面临危险的时候，他们根本没注意到。
3．How
did
the
little
girl
feel
after
realizing
the
man's
behavior
A．Annoyed.
B．Thankful.
C．Terrified.
D．Excited.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第八段“I'm
sorry,
mister.
I
had
thought
you
were
a
bad
man.
My
toy
is
now
for
you.”可知，小女孩因为误解了他而感到羞愧，并把她的玩具送给他以表达感激之情。
4．What
can
we
learn
from
the
story
A．Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
B．A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
C．Helping
others
means
helping
oneself.
D．It's
never
too
late
to
learn.
答案：C 推理判断题。绝望的人在拯救了一个小女孩后又对生活充满了希望，暗示出帮助他人也就是帮助自己。
1．hopelessness
n.
绝望；无望
2．witness
vt./n.
目睹/目击证人
3．pursuit
n.
追求；追赶
4．abandon
vt.
放弃；抛弃
5．scream
v．/n.
尖叫/尖叫声
1．reach
out
伸出
2．keep
one's
eyes
on
盯着
B
[2017·长沙模拟]Why
elephants
rarely
get
cancer
is
a
mystery
that
has
confused
scientists
for
decades.
A
study
was
led
by
researchers
at
Huntsman
Cancer
Institute
(HCI)
at
the
University
of
Utah
and
Arizona
State
University,
including
researchers
from
the
Ringling
Bros.
Center
for
Elephant
Conservation
may
have
found
the
answer.
According
to
the
results,
elephants
have
38
additional
modified
copies
of
a
gene
(基因)
that
encodes
p53,
a
well defined
tumor(肿瘤)
suppressor,
as
compared
to
humans,
who
have
only
two.
Further，
elephants
may
have
a
more
powerful
mechanism
for
killing
damaged
cells
that
are
at
risk
for
becoming
cancerous.
In
isolated
elephant
cells,
this
activity
is
doubled
compared
to
healthy
human
cells,
and
five
times
that
of
cells
from
patients
with
Li Fraumeni
Syndrome,
who
have
only
one
working
copy
of
p53
and
more
than
a
90
percent
lifetime
cancer
risk
in
children
and
adults.
The
results
suggest
extra
p53
could
explain
elephants'
increased
resistance
to
cancer.
“Nature
has
already
figured
out
how
to
prevent
cancer.
It's
up
to
us
to
learn
how
different
animals
overcome
the
problem
so
we
can
adapt
those
strategies
to
prevent
cancer
in
people，”
says
co senior
author
Joshua
Schiffman,
M．D.,
pediatric
oncologist
(肿瘤学家)
at
Huntsman
Cancer
Institute,
University
of
Utah
School
of
Medicine,
and
Primary
Children's
Hospital.
According
to
Schiffman,
elephants
have
long
been
considered
a
walking
problem.
Because
they
have
100
times
as
many
cells
as
people,
they
should
be
100
times
more
likely
to
have
a
cell
slip
into
a
cancerous
state
and
cause
the
disease
over
their
long
life
span
of
50
to
70
years.
And
yet
it's
believed
that
elephants
get
cancer
less
often,
a
theory
confirmed
in
this
study.
Analysis
of
a
large
database
of
elephant
deaths
estimates
a
cancer
death
rate
of
less
than
5
percent
compared
to
11
to
25
percent
in
people.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了通过对大象的研究，科学家得知了预防和防止癌症发生的方法。
5．Why
do
humans
often
get
cancer
compared
to
elephants
according
to
the
passage
A．Elephants
are
bigger
than
humans.
B．Elephants
have
more
p53
than
humans.
C．Elephants
are
not
as
clever
as
humans.
D．Elephants
eat
more
than
humans.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第四句可知，答案为B。
6．Which
of
the
following
is
right
according
to
the
passage
A．Some
damaged
cells
may
be
dangerous.
B．Some
damaged
cells
are
not
dangerous.
C．Some
damaged
cells
can't
be
cancerous.
D．Some
damaged
cells
in
elephants'
bodies
are
more
dangerous
than
those
in
humans'
bodies.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段可推知，选项A正确。本题易误选D。选项A中的dangerous和文中的“at
risk
for
becoming
cancerous”相对应。文中提及大象强有力的杀死受损细胞的能力是人的两倍，但并没有比较两者的受损细胞哪个更危险。
7．What
can
we
know
from
the
last
paragraph
A．Elephants
have
more
cells
than
people.
B．Elephants
can
get
cancer
easily.
C．Elephants
seldom
die
from
cancer.
D．Elephants
often
die
from
cancer.
答案：C 推理判断题。从最后一段可知，大象死于癌症的百分比是比较少的，和选项C意思相近。故选C。
8．Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．Elephants
Help
Us
B．Learn
from
Nature
C．How
to
Deal
with
Cancer
D．Nature
Helps
Us
Prevent
Cancer
答案：D 主旨大意题。根据文章所述，人们研究大象得知了如何预防和防止癌症发生的办法。故选D。
1．further
adv.
进一步地；而且
2．double
v.
(使)加倍；是……的两倍
3．resistance
n.
抗拒；反对
4．span
n.
跨度；范围
5．estimate
v．/n.
估价；估计
1．at
risk
有危险；冒风险
2.figure
out
弄懂；弄清楚
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
Once,
when
I
was
a
teenager,
my
father
and
I
were
standing
in
line
to
buy
tickets
for
the
circus.
Finally,
there
was
only
one
family
among
us
and
the
ticket
counter.
This
family
made
deep
impression
on
me.
There
were
eight
children,
both
probably
under
the
age
of
twelve.
You
could
tell
they
didn't
have
a
lot
of
money.
Their
clothes
was
not
expensive,
and
they
were
clean.
The
children
were
well behaved,
all
of
us
standing
in
line,
two by two
behind
their
parents,
held
hands.
They
were
excitedly
talking
about
the
clowns,
elephants
and
another
performances
where
that
they
would
see
that
night.
Everyone
could
sense
they
have
never
been
to
the
circus
before.
答案：
Once,
when
I
was
a
teenager,
my
father
and
I
were
standing
in
line
to
buy
tickets
for
the
circus.
Finally,
there
was
only
one
family
us
and
the
ticket
counter.
This
family
made
deep
impression
on
me.
There
were
eight
children,
probably
under
the
age
of
twelve.
You
could
tell
they
didn't
have
a
lot
of
money.
Their
clothes
not
expensive,
they
were
clean.
The
children
were
well behaved,
all
of
standing
in
line,
two by two
behind
their
parents,
hands.
They
were
excitedly
talking
about
the
clowns,
elephants
and
performances
that
they
would
see
that
night.
Everyone
could
sense
they
never
been
to
the
circus
before.
第一处：among→between 由后边的and可知，用between。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。
第二处：deep前加冠词a make
a
deep
impression
on
sb.意为“给某人以深刻印象”。
第三处：both→all all指三者或三者以上。
第四处：was→were 主语为clothes，故此处应用were。
第五处：and→but 由句意可知，此处应为转折关系。
第六处：us→them them指前边主语the
children。
第七处：held→holding 此处应为非谓语动词，且hold与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，因此用现分词。
第八处：another→other other表示“其他的”，后接名词复数。
第九处：去掉where 由that引导定语从句，where多余。
第十处：have→had 由全文时态及before可知，此处应用过去完成时。话题素材——分享
好词
1.friendly
adj.
友好的
2.honest
adj.
诚实的
3.cherish
vt.
珍惜
4.mature
adj.
成熟的
5.build
vt.
创建
6.care
for
each
other
互相关心
7.take_an_active_part_in
积极参与
8.be
in
order
有序的
9.trust
each
other
彼此信任
10.in
need
在困难中；在危急中
11.show
love
and
concern
for
sb.爱护和关心某人
12.learn
from
sb.向某人学习
13.improve
the
relationship
改善关系
14.build
a
good
relationship
建立良好的关系
15.help
each
other
互助
佳句
1.We
should
be
kind
to
one
another,
which
is
essential
to
enjoy
a
harmonious
life.
我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐生活是绝对重要的。
2.He
is
generous
with
his
time
in
offering_help_to_us,_for_which_we_feel_grateful.
他毫不吝惜自己的时间，主动为我们提供帮助，所以我们都非常感激。
3.Just_as_the_saying_goes,_“one
tree
doesn't
make
a
forest”，
our
success
is_based_on
cooperating
with
others.
正如谚语所说：“独木难成林”，我们的成功是建立在与别人合作的基础上的。
[精美语篇]
In
order
to
meet
the
arrival
of
International
Children's
Day，
our
school
called
on
the
students
to
make
some
donations
for
the
Project
Hope.
Project
Hope
is
a
good
way
to
promote
the
education
in
the
rural
areas，
but
it
is
far
from
being
sufficient.
By
now，
only
a
small
portion
of
the
children
has
benefited
from
it.
As
is
known
to
all，
China
has
the
largest
population
in
the
world
and
most
of
them
live
in
the
countryside.
Since
the
economic
conditions
there
are
rather
poor，many
families，
especially
in
the
remote
areas，
cannot
afford
to
send
their
children
to
school，
and
many
children
have
to
drop
from
school.The
“Project
Hope”
is
aimed
at
solving
this
problem
so
that
every
child
of
school
age
can
receive
regular
education.
It
doesn't
matter
how
much
you're
going
to
donate.
Let's
help
them.
高频单词
1．otherwise
(conj.)
否则；不然
(adv.)
用别的方法；其他方面
2．adjust
(vi.&vt.)
调整；(使)适合→adjustable
(adj.)
可调整的→adjustment
(n.)
调整；调节；适应
3．participate
(vi.)
参与；参加→participation
(n.)
参加；参与→participant
(n.)
参与者
4．operate
(vi.)
工作；运转
(vt.)
操作→operation
(n.)
手术；运转→operator
(n.)
操作人员
5．relevant
(adj.)
有关的；切题的→irrelevant
(adj.)(反义词)
无关的；不切题的→relevance
(n.)
有关；切题→relevantly
(adv.)
有关地；切题地
6．voluntary
(adj.)
自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→voluntarily
(adv.)
志愿地→volunteer
(v.)
自愿
(n.)
志愿者
7．purchase
(vt.
&
n．)
买；购买→purchaser
(n.)
购买人
8．distribute
(vt.)
分配；分发→distribution
(n.)
分配；分发；分布状态
9．financial
(adj.)
财务的；金融的；财政的→finance
(n.)
财政；资金
10．donate
(vt.)
捐赠→donation
(n.)
捐赠；赠送→donator
(n.)
捐赠者
11．political
(adj.)
政治的；政党的→politics
(n.)
政治→politician
(n.)
政治家
12．security
(n.)
安全；保护；保障→secure
(adj.)
安全的
13．remote
(adj.)
遥远的；偏僻的→remotely
(adv.)
遥远地；偏僻地
14．arrangement
(n.)
安排；排列→arrange
(v.)
安排；排列
15．economic
(adj.)
经济的；经济学的→economy
(n.)
经济→economical
(adj.)
经济的；节约的；合算的
16．angle
(n.)
角；角度→angel
(n.)
(形近词)
天使
重点短语
1．(be)_dying_to 极想；渴望
2．be_relevant_to
与……有关
3．participate_in
参与……；参加……
4．in_need
在困难中；在危急中
5．stick_out
伸出
6．be_up_to...
多达……；取决于
7．hear_from
接到……的信
8．the_other_day
不久前的一天
9．dry_out
(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透
10．dry_up
(指河流、井等)干涸
11．make_any/a_difference_to
对……有影响；起作用
12．get_through
完成；穿过
13．operate_on
给……做手术
14．come_across
偶然遇到或发现；碰见
15．provide_for
养活；规定；为……作准备
热点句型
1．“名词/代词/数词＋of＋which/whom...”引导定语从句
Sometimes
I
wonder
how
relevant
chemistry
is
to
these
students,
most_of_whom
(他们中的大多数人)
will
be
going
back
to
their
villages
after
Year
8
anyway.(教材P29)
2．doubt
whether...意为“怀疑是否……”
To
be
honest,
I
doubt_whether
(怀疑是否)
I'm
making
any
difference
to
these
boys'
lives
at
all.(教材P29)
3．do/does/did＋动词原形，对句子的谓语进行强调
But
last
weekend
another
teacher,
Jenny,
and
I
did_visit
(确实拜访了)
a
village
which
is
the
home
of
one
of
the
boys,
Tombe.(教材P29)
4．“介词＋where”引导的定语从句
We
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there－first
up
a
mountain
to
a
ridge
from_where
(从那里)
we
had
fantastic
views
and
then
down
a
steep
path
to
the
valley
below.(教材P29)
5．“adj.＋enough”
结构
There
were
no
windows
and
the
doorway
was
just
big_enough_to_get_through
(足够大以进入).
(教材P30)
6．what
if“如果……将会怎样；即使……又怎么样”
She
was
dying
to
see
him
again
but
what_if_he_didn't_want_to_see_her(如果他不想见她怎么办)？(教材P32)
7.not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，连接并列成分
The
gift
you
give
is
not
(不是)something
your
loved
one
keTIF
but
(而是)a
voluntary
contribution
towards
the
lives
of
people
who
really
need
it.(教材P34)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Thanks
for
your
letter,
________
took
a
fortnight
to
arrive.
答案：which
2．The
boys
________
had
never
come
across
anything
like
this
before
started
jumping
out
of
the
windows.
答案：who
3．I
know
you're
dying
________
(hear)
all
about
my
life
here.
答案：to
hear
4．The
other
day
I
was
showing
the
boys
the
weekly
chemistry
experiment
________，
before
I
knew
it,
the
mixture
was
bubbling
over
everywhere!
答案：when
5．That's
________
(actual)
quite
difficult
as
I
don't
speak
much
of
the
local
English
dialect
yet.
答案：actually
6．There
were
no
windows
and
the
doorway
was
just
big
enough
to
get
________.
答案：through
7．Usually
Kiak
would
sleep
in
her
own
hut,
but
that
night
she
was
going
to
share
the
platform
________
us.
答案：with
8．He
then
covered
the
vegetables
________
banana
leaves
and
left
them
to
steam.
答案：with
9．We
ate
inside
the
hut
________
(sit)
round
the
fire.
答案：sitting
10．I
loved
listening
to
the
family
softly
talking
to
each
other
in
their
language,
even
though
I
could
not
participate
________
the
conversation.
答案：in
1 adjust vi.&
vt.调整；(使)适合
The
hut
was
dark
inside
so
it
took
time
for
our
eyes
to
adjust.(P30)
小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。
归纳拓展
(1)adjust
sth.
to
sth.
调整……以适应……
adjust
to
sth./doing
sth.
适应(做)某事
adjust
oneself
to
使自己适应于
(2)adjustment
n．调整；调节；适应
make
an
adjustment
作出调整
(3)adjustable
adj.可调整的
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]To
be
exact,
other
people
can
extend
our
intelligence
and
help
us
understand
and
adjust
our
emotions.
确切地说，其他人能扩展我们的智商并帮助我们理解和调整我们的情感。
②We
must
adjust_ourselves_to
the
new
life
as
soon
as
possible.
我们必须尽快适应新生活。
③When
a
child
is
studying
abroad,
he
must
learn
to
adjust/adapt
to
living
on
his
own.
当孩子出国留学时，他必须学会适应独立生活。
④I've
made_a_few_adjustments_to
the
design.
我已对设计作了几处调整。
2 participate vi.参加；参与
I
loved
listening
to
the
family
softly
talking
to
each
other
in
their
language,
even
though
I
could
not
participate
in
the
conversation.
(P30)
我很喜欢听这家人轻声细语地谈话，尽管我不能参与到他们的谈话中。
归纳拓展
(1)participate
with
sb.
in
sth.
与某人分担……；同某人一起参与某事
participate
in
(doing)
sth.参加(做)某事
(2)participant
n.
参加者；共享者
participation
n.
参与；分担；共享
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]From
the
earliest
ages,
they
desire
to
help
others,
to
share
information
and
to
participate_in
achieving
common
goals.
他们从很小的时候就渴望帮助他人，与他们分享信息并参与完成共同的目标。
②You
should
participate_with
your
friend
in
his
sufferings.
你应当分担朋友的苦恼。
③All
the
participants
in
the
debate
had
an
opportunity
to
speak.
所有参加辩论的人都有机会发言。
3 privilege n．特权；特别优待
It
was
such
a
privilege
to
have
spent
a
day
with
Tombe's
family.(P30)
能与Tombe一家度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。
归纳拓展
(1)have
the
privilege
to
do/of
doing
sth.有做某事的特权；有幸做某事
It
is
a
privilege
to
do
sth.
做某事是荣幸的
(2)privileged
adj.享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的
feel/be
privileged
to
do
sth.做某事是荣幸的
语境助记
①Ladies
and
gentlemen,
I
have_the_great_privilege/honor_of
introducing
our
speaker
for
tonight.女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。
②It_was_a_privilege_to
hear
her
sing.
能听她唱歌十分荣幸。
③We
consider
ourselves
privileged
to
have
been
invited
to
give
a
speech
here.
我们认为被邀请到这里作演讲很荣幸。
④I
was_privileged_to_have
the
opportunity
to
take
part
in
this
activity
and
it's_a_privilege_to
make
a
speech
here.
我很荣幸有机会参加这一活动，并有幸能在这里做演讲。
4 donate vt.捐赠；赠送
Would
you
like
to
donate
an
unusual
gift？(P34)
你愿意捐献一份不平常的礼物吗？
归纳拓展
(1)donate
sth.
to
sb.
向某人捐赠某物
(2)donation
n．捐赠
make/give/present
a
donation
to
sb.捐赠给某人
send
a
donation
to...
把捐款寄至……
语境助记
①[2016·北京高考]Volunteers
came
with
carloads
of
donated
clothing
and
toys.
志愿者们带着整车的捐助的衣服和玩具来了。
②He
frequently
donates
large
sums
of
money
to
charity.
他常常向慈善机构捐赠大笔钱款。
③All
donations
will
be
gratefully
received.
所有的捐赠将被心存感激地接受。
④Mr
Richey
makes
it
a
rule
to
make_a_big_donation_to
charity
once
a
year.
里奇先生固定每年一次捐一大笔钱给慈善机构。
5 distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
This
gift
covers
the
cost
of
production
and
distribution
of
seedlings,
as
well
as
training
in
tree
care
for
the
local
villagers...(P35)
这份礼物包括当地村民看护树木的培训费和籽苗的生产和分发费用……
归纳拓展
(1)have
a
wide
distribution
分布广泛
an
unfair
distribution
分配不公
the
distribution
of
the
magazine
这份杂志的发行量
(2)distribute
vt.
分配；分发
distribute
sth.
to...
把某物分配/分发给……
distribute
sth.
among
sb.
在……中进行分配
语境助记
①In
the
move
most
of
the
furniture
was
left
to
the
neighbors
or
distributed_among
friends.
大部分家具在搬家的时候都留给了邻居或分给了朋友。
②Clothes
and
blankets
have
been
distributed_to
the
refugees.
已经向难民分发了衣服和毯子。
③This
kind
of
plant
has_a_wide_distribution.
这种植物分布很广。
6 operate vi.工作；运转；动手术 vt.操作
This
gift
covers
the
cost
of
exercise
books
and
textbooks
for
community
primary
schools
that
operate
in
poor
or
remote
villages.(P35)
这份礼物包括贫穷或偏远村庄社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。归纳拓展
(1)operate
on
sb.
给某人做手术
(2)operation
n.
操作；手术；运转
in
operation
工作中；使用中；有效
perform
an
operation
做手术
put
sth.
into
operation
实施；使运转
come
into
operation
开始工作；开始生效
operating
system
(计算机)操作系统
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]Such
systems
do
not
need
to
operate_face to face.
这种系统不必面对面操作。
②[牛津高阶]We
will
have
to
operate_on
his
eyes.
我们得给他的眼睛动手术。
③It's
often
easier
to
make
plans
than
it
is
to
operate
them.
制订计划常比执行计划容易些。
④[一词多义]写出下列句中operate的含义
a．People
were
trapped
between
floors
because
the
lift
didn't
operate
properly.运转
b．No
matter
which
machine
he
operates,
he
will
deal
with
it
carefully.操作
c．If
the
doctor
had
operated
on
him
earlier,
he
wouldn't
have
died.
动手术
d．The
medicine
will
operate
in
ten
minutes.
起作用
e．The
people
operating
these
factories
are
deeply
concerned
about
the
environment.经营
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Our
school
will
donate
some
books
________
the
Chinese
class
of
the
friendly
exchange
school
in
the
US.
答案：to 考查固定搭配。donate...to...意为“向……捐赠……”。句意：我们学校将向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一些图书。
2．Last
spring,
I
was
fortunate
to
be
chosen
to
participate
________
an
exchange
study
program.
答案：in 考查固定搭配。participate
in...意为“参加……”。
3．What
he
needs
is
the
________
(secure)
of
a
happy
home.
答案：security 考查词性转换。由空格前的定冠词the可知，应用名词。4．He
fixed
the
faucet,
________
(adjust)
the
dishwasher
door,
and
replaced
a
showerhead.
答案：adjusted 考查动词时态。由句意及fixed，replaced可知，adjust也应用一般过去式。句意：他修好了水龙头，调整了洗碗机的门，并换了一个淋浴头。
5．I'm
________
(privilege)
to
be
here
delivering
my
speech.
答案：privileged 考查词性转换。be
privileged
to
do
sth.“做某事是荣幸的”。
6．The
United
Nations
Organization
(UNO)
could
undertake
to
direct
the
________
(distribute)
of
aid.
答案：distribution 考查词性转换。由空格前the一词可知，应填名词形式。句意：联合国组织承诺指导援助的分配问题。
7．The
typhoon
swept
the
________
(roof)
of
many
houses,
causing
great
damage
to
the
local
people.
答案：roofs 考查名词、复数形式。由空格后many
houses可知，应用名词复数形式。
8．He
was
willing
to
participate
in
the
________
(volunteer)
activity.
答案：voluntary 考查词性转换。修饰activity应用形容词，故填voluntary。
9．The
ad
strongly
encourages
people
________
(purchase)
the
silver
coins
by
making
a
phone
call.
答案：to
purchase 考查固定搭配。句意：这则广告强烈建议人们通过打电话购买银币。encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.“鼓励某人去做某事”。
10．You'd
better
not
walk
into
the
room
with
________
(mud)
boots
on
your
feet.
答案：muddy 考查词形转换。muddy
boots“沾满泥的靴子”。
1 (be)
dying
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
I
know
you're
dying
to
hear
all
about
my
life
here,
so
I've
included
some
photos
which
will
help
you
picture
the
places
I
talk
about.(P29)
我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，会帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。
归纳拓展
(1)
渴望得到某物
(2)
(3)die
of
死于……病或冻死、气死或死于过度悲伤
语境助记
①I'm_dying_to_know
what
happened.
我很想知道发生了什么事情。
②She
was_dying/eager/thirsty/anxious_for
a
holiday
to
relax
herself.
她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。
③Out
of
curiosity,
I
am_eager_to
know
the
truth.
出于好奇，我渴望知道事情真相。
④[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Scott's
last
journey,
completed
as
he
lay
in
a
tent
dying_of
cold
and
hunger,
caught
the
world's
imagination,
and
a
film
made
in
his
honor
drew
crowds.
当斯科特躺在帐篷里，死于寒冷和饥饿，他的最后旅程就这样结束了。这件事轰动了全世界，并且一部为他而制作的电影吸引了大批观众。2 in
need
在困难中；在危急中
...bring
hope
for
a
better
future
to
a
community
in
need.(P34)
……给急需帮助的社区带来改善未来的希望。
归纳拓展
(1)in
need
of
需要……
satisfy/meet
one's
needs
满足某人需要
There
is
no
need
to_do
sth.
没必要做某事
have
a
need
to_do
sth.
需要做某事
(2)in
danger
处在危险中
in
trouble
处于麻烦中
in
ruins
破败不堪；成为废墟
in
vain
徒劳
in
return
作为回报
in
turn
依次；轮流；反过来
语境助记
①As
the
saying
goes,
a
friend
in_need
is
a
friend
indeed.
俗话说，患难见真情。
②[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]She
encouraged
a
sense
of
community
(社区)
by
creating
shelters
and
promoting
education
and
services
for
people
in_need.
通过向困境中的人们提供暂时住所和推动教育及服务，她提升了人们的社区感。
③They
will
offer
more
books
to
satisfy/meet_the_students'_needs.
他们将提供更多的书来满足学生的需求。
④There_is_no_need
for
you
to
be
concerned
about
his
future.
你没有必要担心他的未来。
过关演练
选词填空
dry
out；
for
sure；
get
through；
be
dying
to；
in
need；
participate
in；
make
any
difference
to；
up
to；
be
relevant
to；
the
other
day
1．The
meeting
will
be
held
in
September,
but
nobody
knows
the
date
________.
答案：for
sure
2．The
passengers
________
know
when
the
plane
takes
off.
答案：are
dying
to
3．Water
the
plant
regularly.
Never
let
the
soil
________.
答案：dry
out
4．I
tried
calling
you
several
times
but
I
couldn't
________.
答案：get
through
5．If
we
could
show
concern
to
others
________，
the
world
would
be
a
better
place
to
live
in.
答案：in
need
6．I
came
across
the
problem
in
a
reference
book
________.
答案：the
other
day
7．I
don't
think
what
he
said
________
the
topic
we
are
discussing.
答案：is
relevant
to
8．It's
________
you
what
kind
of
life
you
will
lead
in
the
future.
答案：up
to
9．Besides
studying
at
school,
he
often
________
some
out of school
activities.
答案：participates
in
10．To
be
honest,
I
doubt
whether
I'm
________
these
boys'
lives
at
all.
答案：making
any
difference
to
1 We
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there—first
up
a
mountain
to
a
ridge
from_where
we
had
fantastic
views
and
then
down
a
steep
path
to
the
valley
below.(P29)
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊，从那里我们看到了奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
归纳拓展
from
where引导的定语从句修饰先行词a
ridge，在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom。而关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from
where和since
when。
语境助记
①I
have
bought
that
house
from_where_I_can_enjoy
the
beautiful
scene
of
Yangpu
Bridge.
我买下了那所房屋，从那里我可以欣赏到杨浦大桥的美丽风光。
②China
is
the
birthplace
of
kites,
from_where
kite
flying
spread
to
Japan,
Korea
and
India.
中国是风筝的故乡，放风筝从那里传到了日本、朝鲜和印度。
③The
book
was
written
in
1946,
since_when
the
education
system
has
witnessed
great
changes.
这本书写于1946年，自此教育体制发生了巨大变化。
④[2016·天津高考]I
went
to
a
special
school
where_I
got
plenty
of
extra
help.
我去了一个特别的学校，在那儿我得到了额外的帮助。
2 The
gift
you
give
is
not
something
your
loved
one
keTIF
but
a
voluntary
contribution
towards
the
lives
of
people
who
really
need
it.(P34)
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
归纳拓展
not...but...“不是……；而是……”，在句中连接两个表语。not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]There
are
several
reasons
to
believe
that
the
urges
to
help,
inform
and
share
are
not
taught,
but
naturally
possessed
in
young
children.
有几个理由让人相信，孩子们帮助、告知和分享的欲望不是教的，而是他们天生就具有的。
②[2016·北京高考]“I
can't
imagine
living
anywhere
but
Rockaway，”
Natalie
declares.
纳塔利说：“我不能想象住到除了洛克威以外的其他地方。”
③Not
passengers
but
the
driver
is
to
blame
for
the
accident.
不是乘客而是司机应对这次事故负责。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．It
is
not
your
words
________
what
you
did
that
made
your
parents
angry.
答案：but 考查not...but...结构。not...but...“不是……而是……”。句意：不是故事本身而是故事所反映出来的更重要。
2．He
hid
behind
the
tree,
from
________
he
came
out
after
a
while.
答案：where 考查from
where引导的定语从句。句意：他藏在了树后面，一会儿又从那里出来了。
3．Not
you
but
she
________
(be)
wanted
on
the
telephone.
答案：is/was 考查主谓一致。not...but...“不是……而是……”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数应遵循“就近一致”原则。句意：电话里找的是她而不是你。
4．He
________
realize
the
importance
of
English
after
he
goes
abroad.
答案：did 考查助动词表强调。句意：出国后，他确实意识到了英语的重要性。did此处强调谓语动词realize，有“的确；确实”之意。
5．To
be
honest,
I
doubt
________they
will
finish
the
hard
task
in
two
days.
答案：whether/if 考查连词。句意：老实说，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。doubt
whether...“怀疑是否……”。doubt用于肯定句时，后面常用whether/if引导宾语从句，用whether引导同位语从句。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________
who
you
are
________
what
you
have
done
for
the
society
________
matters.
重要的不是你是谁而是你为这个社会做了些什么。
答案：It
is
not;
but;
that
2．Through
the
course
of
my
schooling,
I
met
many
teachers,
two
__________________
me
greatly.
上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。
答案：of
whom
influenced
3．________we
can't
finish
the
work
tomorrow
要是我们明天完不成作业怎么办？
答案：What
if
复习定语从句
定语从句基本概念
在主从复合句中用作定语修饰名词或代词的句子，被称作定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面。
The
exact
year
was
2008.
Angela
and
her
family
spent
the
year
together
in
China.
→The
exact
year
which/that
Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
was
2008.
定语从句常用关系词
关系代词：that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as
关系副词：when,
where,
why
1．that/which关系代词指代物，在从句中充当主语或宾语，在介词后只能用which。
Maybe
you
have
a
habit.
The
habit
is
driving
your
family
crazy.
→Maybe
you
have
a
habit
which/that
is
driving
your
family
crazy.
2．that/who/whom
关系代词指代人，that/who在从句中充当主语或宾语；whom
在从句中充当宾语，在介词后只能使用whom。
Have
you
sent
thank?you
notes
to
the
receivers
You
received
gifts
from
them.
→Have
you
sent
thank you
notes
to
the
receivers
from
whom
you
received
gifts
3．whose
关系代词即可指人又可指物，在从句中作定语。
A
company
whose
profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad.
4．as关系代词引导限制性定语从句，当先行词前有so,
as,
such,
the
same等词修饰，而先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语，这时要用as代替that引导定语从句。
It's
wise
to
have
as
many
good
friends
as
we
can.
5．when引导定语从句，在从句中充当时间状语，相当于“in/at/on
which”，注意与which关系代词的不同。
I'm
looking
forward
to
the
day.
My
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her
on
the
day.
→I'm
looking
forward
to
the
day
on
which/when
my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her.
6．where
引导定语从句，在从句中充当地点状语，相当于“介词＋which”。
Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities.
In
the
activities
they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
→Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities
in
which/where
they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
7．why
引导定语从句，在从句中充当原因状语，相当于for
which。
This
is
the
reason.
I'm
in
favor
of
the
plan
for
this
reason.
→This
is
the
reason
for
which/why
I'm
in
favor
of
the
plan.
8．当先行词为the
way,
并且关系词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that，也可以用in
which，还可以省略。
What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way/that/in
which
he
said
it.
过关演练
单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．[2016·天津高考]In
the
weeks
________
followed,
the
solution
________
had
come
up
in
my
unconscious
mind
proved
correct
at
every
step.
答案：that;
which 考查定语从句。句意：在接下来的几周，我潜意识里的解决方案证明了每一步都是正确的。
2．This
is
the
scientist
________
achievements
are
well
known.
答案：whose 考查定语从句。句意：这就是那位成就卓著的科学家。定语从句的先行词为books，它与定语从句的主语是所属关系，故用关系代词whose引导定语从句。
3．Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
upon________
school
education
depends.
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。该句为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
4．As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time________he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
答案：when 考查定语从句。句意：作为家里最小的一个孩子，亚历克斯一直渴望他能够独立的时候。先行词为the
time，从句中缺少时间状语，故应填关系副词when。
5．I
was
impressed
by
the
way
________
which
she
did
it.
答案：in 考查定语从句。当先行词为the
way，且定语从句中缺少方式状语时，应用in
which引导该定语从句，也可用that，还可省略。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2016·江苏高考]Chimps
(黑猩猩)
will
cooperate
in
certain
ways,
like
gathering
in
war
parties
to
protect
their
territory.
But
beyond
the
minimum
requirements
as
social
beings,
they
have
little
instinct
(本能)
to
help
one
another.
Chimps
in
the
wild
seek
food
for
themselves.
Even
chimp
mothers
regularly
decline
to
share
food
with
their
children,
who
are
able
from
a
young
age
to
gather
their
own
food.
In
the
laboratory,
chimps
don't
naturally
share
food
either.
If
a
chimp
is
put
in
a
cage
where
he
can
pull
in
one
plate
of
food
for
himself
or,
with
no
greater
effort,
a
plate
that
also
provides
food
for
a
neighbor
in
the
next
cage,
he
will
pull
at
random—he
just
doesn't
care
whether
his
neighbor
gets
fed
or
not.
Chimps
are
truly
selfish.
Human
children,
on
the
other
hand,
are
naturally
cooperative.
From
the
earliest
ages,
they
desire
to
help
others,
to
share
information
and
to
participate
in
achieving
common
goals.
The
psychologist
Michael
Tomasello
has
studied
this
cooperativeness
in
a
series
of
experiments
with
very
young
children.
He
finds
that
if
babies
aged
18
months
see
an
unrelated
adult
with
hands
full
trying
to
open
a
door,
almost
all
will
immediately
try
to
help.
There
are
several
reasons
to
believe
that
the
urges
to
help,
inform
and
share
are
not
taught,
but
naturally
possessed
in
young
children.
One
is
that
these
instincts
appear
at
a
very
young
age
before
most
parents
have
started
to
train
their
children
to
behave
socially.
Another
is
that
the
helping
behaviors
are
not
improved
if
the
children
are
rewarded.
A
third
reason
is
that
social
intelligence
develops
in
children
before
their
general
cognitive
(认知的)
skills,
at
least
when
compared
with
chimps.
In
tests
conducted
by
Tomasello,
the
human
children
did
no
better
than
the
chimps
on
the
physical
world
tests
but
were
considerably
better
at
understanding
the
social
world.
The
core
of
what
children's
minds
have
and
chimps'
don't
is
what
Tomasello
calls
shared
intentionality.
Part
of
this
ability
is
that
they
can
infer
what
others
know
or
are
thinking.
But
beyond
that,
even
very
young
children
want
to
be
part
of
a
shared
purpose.
They
actively
seek
to
be
part
of
a
“we”，
a
group
that
intends
to
work
toward
a
shared
goal.
篇章导读：本文是一篇研究报告。科学家通过比较黑猩猩和小孩子的行为得出结论，黑猩猩很自私，而很小的孩子就会帮助别人，与人合作和分享，这是人的本性。
1．What
can
we
learn
from
the
experiment
with
chimps
A．Chimps
seldom
care
about
others'
interests.
B．Chimps
tend
to
provide
food
for
their
children.
C．Chimps
like
to
take
in
their
neighbors'
food.
D．Chimps
naturally
share
food
with
each
other.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的实验得知，黑猩猩不关心、不在乎同类。故A项正确。其中C项干扰性较大，黑猩猩只是自私，而不是喜欢那么做。
2．Michael
Tomasello's
tests
on
young
children
indicate
that
they
________.
A．have
the
instinct
to
help
others
B．know
how
to
offer
help
to
adults
C．know
the
world
better
than
chimps
D．trust
adults
with
their
hands
full
答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一、二句得知，小孩帮助他人是出于本能。故A项正确。B项太片面；C、D两项文中没提到。
3．The
passage
is
mainly
about
________.
A．the
helping
behaviors
of
young
children
B．ways
to
train
children's
shared
intentionality
C．cooperation
as
a
distinctive
human
nature
D．the
development
of
intelligence
in
children
答案：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过对黑猩猩和小孩进行的实验证实了助人、与别人合作是人独有的本能。A项干扰性较大，文章不是简单地介绍了小孩子的助人行为。
1．minimum
adj.
最低的；最小的
2．decline
vt.
谢绝；婉言拒绝；下降；衰退
3．cooperative
adj.
合作的；同心协力的
4．unrelated
adj.
无关联的；不相关的
5．considerably
adv.
很；非常；相当多地
1．no
better
than
与……(几乎)一样；和……(几乎)一样坏
2．intend
to
do
打算做……
B
Children's
lives
have
changed
greatly
over
the
last
50
years.
But
do
they
have
a
happier
childhood
than
you
or
I
did
It's
difficult
to
look
back
on
one's
own
childhood
without
some
element
of
nostalgia
(怀旧的).
I
have
four
brothers
and
sisters,
and
my
memories
are
all
about
being
with
them,
playing
board
games
on
the
living
room
floor,
or
spending
days
in
the
street
with
the
other
neighborhood
children,
racing
up
and
down
on
our
bikes,
or
exploring
the
nearby
woods.
My
parents
scarcely
appear
in
these
memories,
except
as
providers
either
of
meals
or
of
severe
blame
after
some
particularly
risky
adventure.
These
days,
in
the
UK
at
least,
the
nature
of
childhood
has
changed
dramatically.
Firstly,
families
are
smaller,
and
there
are
far
more
only
children.
It
is
common
for
both
parents
to
work
outside
the
home
and
there
is
the
feeling
that
there
just
isn't
time
to
bring
up
a
large
family,
or
that
no
one
could
possibly
afford
to
have
more
than
one
child.
As
a
result,
today's
boys
and
girls
spend
much
of
their
time
alone.
Another
major
change
is
that
youngsters
today
tend
to
spend
a
huge
amount
of
their
free
time
at
home,
inside.
More
than
anything
this
is
due
to
the
fact
that
parents
worry
far
more
than
they
used
to
about
real
or
imagined
dangers,
so
they
wouldn't
dream
of
letting
their
children
play
outside
by
themselves.
Finally,
the
kind
of
toys
children
have
and
the
way
they
play
is
totally
different.
Computer
and
video
games
have
replaced
the
board
games
and
more
interesting
activities
of
my
childhood.
The
irony
(令人啼笑皆非的事情)
is
that
so
many
ways
of
playing
games
are
called
“interactive”.
The
fact
that
you
can
play
electronic
games
on
your
own
further
increases
the
sense
of
loneliness
felt
by
many
young
people
today.
Do
these
changes
mean
that
children
today
have
a
less
relaxing
childhood
than
I
had
I
personally
believe
that
they
do,
but
perhaps
every
generation
feels
exactly
the
same.
篇章导读：本文回顾了50年以来儿童生活发生的变化，辩证地比较了当前儿童的生活与过去儿童生活上的差异。
4．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
direct
question
given
in
the
first
paragraph
A．To
get
people's
attention
and
lead
in
the
topic.
B．To
gather
people's
opinions
on
childhood.
C．To
show
who
the
passage
is
written
for.
D．To
compare
the
childhood
lives
of
two
generations.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据下文讲述的内容可知，第一段提出的问题主要是引起人们的注意并导入话题。
5．Which
is
NOT
a
reason
for
the
changes
A．Families
are
smaller
today.
B．Parents
worried
too
much
about
their
children.
C．Toys
can
be
played
by
children
alone
at
home.
D．It's
too
dangerous
to
play
outside.
答案：B 细节理解题。利用排除法，根据第三段“Firstly,
families
are
smaller，”“...more
than
they
used
to
about
real
or
imagined
dangers.”以及第四段第一句中“the
kind
of
toys
children
have
and
the
way
they
play
is
totally
different.”可知，A、C、D均是童年生活发生改变的原因，而B项中的内容并非是导致童年生活改变的原因。
6．What
has
the
writer
focused
on
in
the
fourth
paragraph
A．Young
people
today
shouldn't
play
electronic
games.
B．Some
games
that
young
people
play
today
aren't
really
good.
C．Computer
and
video
games
have
replaced
the
board
games.
D．Board
games
are
much
more
interesting
than
computer
games.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“The
irony
is
that
so
many
ways
of
playing
games
are
called
‘interactive’.
The
fact
that
you
can
play...increases
the
sense
of
loneliness
felt
by
many
young
people
today.”可知，作者认为如今青少年玩的一些游戏真的不太好。故选B。
7．The
writer's
attitude
towards
the
childhood
changing
is
________.
A．approving
B.unconcerned
C．objective
D.optimistic
答案：C 推理判断题。本文在论述童年生活上的变化时，均是很客观地列举事例来证明。故选C。
1．explore
vt.
探索；探测
2．severe
adj.
严峻的；严厉的
3．afford
vt.
担负得起；足以买得起
4．replace
vt.
取代；代替
5．relaxing
adj.
轻松的；放松的
1．bring
up
养育；培养；呕吐；提出
2．a
huge
amount
of
大量的(修饰不可数名词)
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists
and
educators
in
the
US
and
China
say
it's
important
to
introduce
very
young
children
to
new
technologies.
__1__
They
say
that
with
the
right
approach,
children
learn
not
to
be
frightened
of
abstract
thinking.
Even
before
children
learn
to
read
and
write,
they
can
manipulate－move
and
control
images.
__2__
Mitchel
Resnick
is
co developer
of
a
code learning
program
called
Scratch
Jr.
He
says
that
is
exactly
what
programming
is
all
about.
“Each
block
tells
the
character
what
to
do.
You
snap
the
blocks
together,
and
you've
made
a
computer
program.
__3__
This
block
make
the
cat
go
to
the
right.
This
one
makes
the
cat
jump.
By
snapping
them
together
I
make
a
computer
program
that
makes
it
move
and
then
jump.”
Parents
decide
how
much
time
their
children
can
spend
using
modern
technology.
But
Sandra
Calvert,
director
of
the
Children's
Digital
Media
Center
at
Georgetown
University,
says
it's
all
around
us.
“__4__
Just
as
it's
a
worry
that
there
may
be
too
much
screen
time,
there
is
also
a
concern
that
our
children
will
be
left
behind
if
they
don't
know
how
to
use
the
technologies
that
are
going
to
shape
the
21st
century
careers,
jobs
and
how
we
are
going
to
succeed
as
a
nation.”
Children
between
the
ages
of
4
and
15
use
tools
and
machines
at
so called
“maker
spaces”
in
Beijing.
The
maker
space
basically
serves
as
an
open access
workshop.
__5__
The
young
people
are
part
of
the
so called“maker
movement，”a
do it yourself
community
connecting
people
who
like
to
make
things
with
their
hands.
A．There,
children
use
tools
and
machines
like
3D
printers
to
create
and
build
projects.
B．Each
block
has
a
different
behavior.
C．Computer
scientists
perform
lots
of
research
in
computer
theory
and
systems.
D．They
advise
developing
skills
from
computer
programming
to
designing
electronic
circuits.
E．Tablet
computers
with
touch－sensitive
screens
are
perfect
for
lining
up
simple
commands.
F．The
education
and
development
of
our
children
are
extremely
important.
G．We
live
in
the
digital
age.
篇章导读：本文介绍的是让小孩子尽早了解新科技，可以使孩子们不会对抽象思维感到恐惧。
1．D 上文介绍的是中美科学家及教育家的观点，下文介绍的是尽早了解新科技带来的好处，故该空应是他们提出的建议。
2．E 根据上文中的“move
and
control
images”可知，此空应填写的内容与执行命令有关系。E项中的lining
up
simple
commands符合语境。故选E。
3．B 根据上下文中的关键词Each
block，blocks及This
block可知，答案是B。
4．G 根据下文中“...that
there
may
be
too
much
screen
time.”可知，答案是G(我们生活在数码时代)。
5．A 根据上文“The
maker
space
basically
serves
as
an
open access
workshop.”可知，A项中的there为关键词。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2017·成都龙泉高三测试]An
old
proverb
says,
“Friends
are
like
wine;
the
older,
the
better.”
So,
nowadays
many
people
consider
old
friends
to
be
__1__
(important)
than
new
friends.
For
example,
if
two
pieces
of
advice
are
given
to
solve
a
problem,
one
from
a
new
friend
and
the
other
from
__2__
old
friend,
people
always
tend
to
adapt
the
latter
one,
__3__
the
new
friend's
advice
may
be
better.
__4__
(disagree)
with
the
old
proverb,
I
believe
that
new
friends
are
not
__5__
(necessary)
worse
than
old
friends.
Why
Because
the
__6__
(long)
of
time
cannot
determine
whether
your
friendship
is
better
or
not.
Once
you
call
someone
friend,
he
must
be
a
reliable
person,
__7__
interests
are
in
common
with
__8__
(you).
As
time
goes
by,
a
friend's
outside
look
may
change,
but
the
inside
characters
of
him
and
his
interests
__9__
(change).
It
is
just
these
unchangeable
characters
and
interests
that
make
him
a
friend
to
you.
__10__，
on
this
point,
there
is
no
difference
between
old
friends
and
new
friends.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本篇为议论文。俗话说，朋友似酒，愈久弥香。可作者却提出了这样的观点，他认为新朋友并不比老朋友差。
1．more
important 考查形容词的比较级。由空格后的than可知，应用形容词的比较级。
2．an 考查不定冠词。由空格前的“a
new
friend”可知，此处也应用不定冠词，表泛指。
3．though/although 考查连词。由句意“虽然新朋友的建议可能更好，可人们总是倾向于采纳后者(老朋友)的建议”可知，应该填though或although。
4．Disagreeing 考查分词作状语。因disagree与逻辑主语I之间为主谓关系，且表示主动含义因此用现在分词。
5．necessarily 考查副词。此处副词修饰形容词worse。
6．length 考查名词。定冠词the之后应跟名词length，介词短语of
time是length的后置定语。the
length
of
time
“时间的长度”。
7．whose 考查定语从句。从句中interests是主语，其前缺少定语，故用whose，表示“……的”。
8．yours 考查代词。此处用名词性物主代词yours，相当于your
interest。
9．will
not
change 考查动词的时态。句意：随着时间的流逝，朋友的外貌会变，可他内在的性格及他的兴趣不会变化。由句意可知，应用一般将来时的否定形式。
10．Thus/Therefore/So 考查副词。由上下文可知，此处是对以上内容的总结。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
假设你是李华，你的外国朋友彼得听说你暑假期间在社区医院做义工，给你发来邮件询问相关情况。请根据下面文字信息给他回封邮件。
1．工作时间：7月15日～7月31日，上午6：30～11：30；
2．工作内容：为55岁以上老人免费体检时提供帮助，包括组织排队，引路，帮助填表格等；
3．你的收获。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
可能用到的单词：社区医院community
hospital
Dear
Peter，
Nice
to
hear
from
you.
Yours，
Li
Hua
[标准范文]
Dear_Peter，
Nice_to_hear_from_you.
In
this
mail,
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
my
volunteer
experience
in
my
community
hospital
during
the
summer
vacation.
I
worked
from
July
15
to
July
31,
during
which
time
people
over
55
were
given
a
free
medical
examination.
Every
day
I
arrived
before
6：30
and
helped
organize
the
people
who
came.
Then
I
would
help
them
fill
in
the
forms.
Leading
them
to
the
different
departments
was
also
part
of
my
duties.
Often,
by
the
time
their
examinations
were
over
at
11：30
a．m.,
I
was
already
bathed
in
sweat.
Tired
as
I
was
in
those
days,
I
benefited
a
lot
from
the
experience.
My
confidence
built
up
and
my
communication
skills
improved.
How
was
your
holiday
Yours，
Li_Hua话题素材——海底世界
好词
1.beach
n.
沙滩 2.surface
n.
水面；表面
3.serious
adj.
严重的
4.wave
n.
波浪
5.shallow
adj.浅的
6.still
adj.平静的；静止的
7.fresh
water
淡水
8.freezing
point
冰点
9.off
the
coast
of...在……海岸附近
10.sea
animals
and
plants
海洋动植物
11.ocean
environmental
protection
海洋环保
12.the
depth
of
the
sea
海洋深处
13.be
abundant
in
……丰富；富含……
14.be
greatly
surprised/astonished
惊奇不已
15.World
Ocean
Day
世界海洋日
佳句
1.The
sea
water
is
mainly
composed_of
water
and
salt.
海水主要是由水和盐组成。
2.The
sea
looks
beautiful
on
a
fine
day.
But
it_can_be_very_rough
when
there
is
a
strong
wind.
在晴朗的日子，大海看起来很美，可是在刮大风时，大海很粗暴。
3.Let
us
take_you_deep_into
the
ocean,
discover_mysterious_wild_life
and
face
the
challenges
that
come
in
front
of
you.
让我们带你去到海洋深处，发现神秘的野生动植物，面对出现在你面前的任何挑战。
[精美语篇]
The
sea
near
my
hometown
has
been
polluted
badly—water
is
black
and
a
lot
of
rubbish
is
floating
on
the
sea.
As
a
result，
we
often
find
dead
fish
on
the
beach.
What's
worse，
many
sea
animals
are
dying
out.
I
think
it's
human
beings
who
are
responsible
for
the
result.
First，
tourists
often
throw
rubbish
everywhere.
Second，
the
factories
near
the
sea
always
dump
polluted
water
directly
into
the
sea.
Now
people
are
afraid
to
swim
in
the
sea.
It's
time
for
us
to
make
people
fully
aware
of
the
importance
of
protecting
the
sea.
Only
when
we
live
in
harmony
with
the
sea
animals
can
we
live
a
happy
life
on
the
planet.
高频单词
1．accommodation
(n.)
住所；住宿→accommodate
(vt.)
提供住宿
2．abandon
(vt.)
放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned
(adj.)
被遗弃的；放纵的
3．reflect
(vi.)
思考
(vt.)
映射；反射；思考→reflection
(n.)
反射；反映
4．aware
(adj.)
意识到的；知道的→unaware(adj.)
(反义词)没有意识到的；不知道的→awareness
(n.)
意识；觉悟
5．conservation
(n.)
保存；保护→conserve
(vt.)
保存；保藏
6．scare
(vt.)
恐吓
(vi.)
受惊吓→scared
(adj.)
恐惧的；害怕的→scary
(adj.)
引起恐慌的7．tasty
(adj.)
好吃的；可口的→taste
(v.)
品尝；有……味道
(n.)
味道；喜好→tasteless
(adj.)
(反义词)无味的；不可口的8．annual
(adj.)
每年的；按年度计算的(n.)
年刊；年鉴→annually
(adv.)
每年地；年度地→anniversary
(n.)
周年纪念日
9．depth
(n.)
深(度)；深处→deep
(adj.)
深的→deepen
(v.)
加深
10．relationship
(n.)
关系；血缘关系；交往→relation
(n.)
关系；联系；交往；亲戚(关系)；亲属(关系)→relate
(vt.)把……联系起来；讲述 (vi.)
有联系；理解→relative
(adj.)
与……有关的；相比较的
11．urge
(vt.)
催促；极力主张；驱策 (n.)强烈的欲望；冲动→urgent
(adj.)
急迫的；催促的；强求的→urgency
(n.)
紧急；迫切
12．sharp
(adj.)
锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen
(vt.&vi.)
(使)变锋利；削尖；磨快→sharpener
(n.)
削刀；磨床；磨器；磨具
13．narrow
(adj.)
狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的→narrowly
(adv.)
仅仅；勉强地
重点短语
1．sort_out 分类；整理
2．be_about_to
即将；将要
3．ahead_of
优于；在……前面
4．aim_at
瞄准
5．in_the_meantime
在此期间；与此同时
6．help...out
帮助……摆脱困境或危难
7．be/become_aware_of
对……知道、明白；意识到……
8．upside_down
上下翻转
9．get_close_to
靠近
10．(be)_scared_to_death
吓死了
11．hold_up
阻挡
12．reflect_on
认真思考；沉思
13．be_abandoned_by...
被……遗弃
热点句型
1．a
time＋when引导的定语从句
It_was_a_time_when(那是一个……时期)the
killer
whales,
or
“killers”
as
they
were
then
called,
helped
the
whalers
catch
the
baleen
whales
that
were
on
their
annual
migration.(教材P19)
2．be
about
to＋动词原形，表示即将发生的事情
This
was
the
call
that
announced
there_was_about_to_be
(即将有)a
whale
hunt.(教材P20)
3．v. ing的被动式作宾语补足语
As
we
drew
closer,
I
could
see
a
whale
being_attacked
(正在被袭击)by
a
pack
of
about
six
other
killers.
(教材P20)
4．with的复合结构作状语
I'm
sitting
in
the
warm
night
air
with_a_cold_drink_in_my_hand
(手持一杯冷饮)and
reflecting
on
the
day－a
day
of
pure
magic！(教材P24)
5．“where...,
there
be...”意为“在……的地方，有……”，where
引导地点状语从句
The
water
was
quite
shallow
but
where_the_reef_ended,_there_was
(在珊瑚礁尽头的地方，有)
a
steep
drop
to
the
sandy
ocean
floor.(教材P24)
6．动名词的复合结构作宾语
The
fish
didn't
seem
to
mind_me_swimming_among_them(介意我在它们中间游动)．(教材P24)
巩固训练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．We
ran
down
to
the
shore
in
time
to
see
an
enormous
animal
opposite
us
________
(throw)
itself
out
of
the
water
and
then
crashing
down
again.
答案：throwing
2．I
looked
down
into
the
water
and
could
see
Old
Tom
swimming
by
the
boat,
________
(show)
us
the
way.
答案：showing
3．From
Jame's
face,
I
could
see
he
was
terrified
of
________
(abandon)
by
us.
答案：being
abandoned
4．It
took
over
half
an
hour
________
(get)
the
boat
back
to
James.
答案：to
get
5．And
then
Old
Tom
was
off
and
back
to
the
hunt
________
the
other
killers
were
still
attacking
the
whale.答案：where
6．________
(see)
such
extraordinary
beauty,
I
think
every
cell
in
my
body
woke
up.
答案：Seeing
7．A
large
wise looking
turtle
was
passing
so
close
to
me
________
I
could
have
touched
it.
答案：that
8．The
first
thing
I
became
aware
________
was
all
the
vivid
colours
surrounding
me.
答案：of
9．Then
there
were
two
grey
reef
sharks,
each
about
one
and
a
half
metres
long,
________
suddenly
appeared
from
behind
some
coral.
答案：which
10．I
told
myself
they
weren't
dangerous
but
that
didn't
stop
me
________
(feel)
scared
to
death
for
a
moment!
答案：feeling
1 witness vt.当场见到；目击 n．目击者；证人；证据
I
thought,
at
the
time,
that
this
was
just
a
story
but
then
I
witnessed
it
with
my
own
eyes
many
times.(P20)
当时我以为这只是个故事，但是后来我却多次亲眼目睹了这样的事情。
归纳拓展
(1)a
witness
to
sth.某事的证人/证明
in
witness
of
作为……的证据
bear/give
witness
to
sth.为……作证；证明
(2)witness
for为……作证
witness
to
(doing)
sth.作证证明(做)某事
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]Police
have
appealed
for
witnesses_to
the
accident.
警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。
②The
driver
witnessed_to_having_seen
the
man
enter
the
building.
司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。
③The
witness
who
witnessed_the_accident_gave_witness
to
the
police
and
promised
to
be
a
witness.
这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警方提交了证据并答应作证人。
2 urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n．强烈的欲望；冲动
“Man
overboard!
Turn
the
boat
around！”
urged
George,
shouting
loudly.
(P20)
乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”
归纳拓展
(1)urge
sb.
to_do
sth.
催促某人做某事
urge
sb.
into
doing
sth.
怂恿某人做某事
urge
that...
(should)
do
sth.
极力主张；强调……
It
is
urged
that...(should)
do
sth.
坚决要求……
(2)have
the
urge
to_do
sth.
有做某事的欲望
(3)urgent
adj.
紧迫的；迫切的；非常重要的
(4)urgency
n.
紧急；迫切
语境助记
①[2016·江苏高考]There
are
several
reasons
to
believe
that
the
urges_to_help,_inform
and
share
are
not
taught,
but
naturally
possessed
in
young
children.
有几个理由让人相信，孩子们帮助、告知和分享的冲动不是教的，而是他们天生就具有的。
②[2016·江苏高考]The
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
passage
is
to
urge_people_to
prepare
for
El
Ni o.
作者写这篇文章的目的在于提醒人们要对厄尔尼诺现象做好准备。
③[牛津高阶]The
report
urged_that
all
children
be_taught
to
swim.
这份报告呼吁教所有的儿童游泳。
④It
is
urged_that
the
government
(should)_take
immediate
action
to
prevent
such
thing
happening
again.
人们极力主张政府应该立即采取措施阻止此类事情再度发生。
⑤Every
minute
of
the
day
is
filled
with
urgent
matters.
一天中的每分钟都排满了急待解决的事情。
3 abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃
From
James's
face,
I
could
see
he
was
terrified
of
being
abandoned
by
us.
(P21)
从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
归纳拓展
(1)abandon
one's
hope/plan/idea/post
放弃希望/计划/主意/职位
abandon
oneself
to...
沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon
doing
sth.
放弃做某事
(2)with
abandon
放纵地；放任地
(3)abandoned
adj.
无约束的；被遗弃的；废弃的
语境助记
①The
bad
weather
forced
them
to
abandon_their_search.
恶劣的天气迫使他们终止了搜寻工作。
②They
abandoned_carrying_out
the
plan
because
of
the
lack
of
money.
因为缺少资金，他们放弃了实施这项计划。
③It
was
not
until
then
that
I
realized
how
foolish
it
was
of
me
to
abandon_myself_to
computer
games.
直到那时我才意识到自己迷恋电脑游戏是多么地愚蠢。
④He
owned
a
farm,
which
looked
almost
abandoned.
他有一座农场，看起来几近荒芜。
4 opposite prep.与……相对 adj.相反的；不同的 n．相反的事物；对立的人/物/反面
We
ran
down
to
the
shore
in
time
to
see
an
enormous
animal
opposite
us
throwing
itself
out
of
the
water...(P20)
我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面……
归纳拓展
(1)be
opposite
to在……对面
just
the
opposite
恰恰相反
(2)oppose
vt.反对；反抗
oppose
sb./sth.反对……
oppose
doing
sth.反对做某事……
(3)opposed
adj.反抗的；抵抗的
be
opposed
to
(doing)
sth.
反对做某事
be
opposed
to...与……相反
(4)opposition
n．抵抗；反对
语境助记
①Opposite
is
St.
Paul's
Church,
where
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。
②He
lives
in
the
house
opposite_to
ours.
他住在我们对面的那栋房子里。
5 reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考
I'm
sitting
in
the
warm
night
air
with
a
cold
drink
in
my
hand
and
reflecting
on
the
day—a
day
of
pure
magic！(P24)
我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——这是神奇的一天！
归纳拓展
(1)be
reflected
in
被反映在……；被映照在……中
reflect
on/upon
sth.
仔细考虑/思考某事
reflect
that...
思考……
(2)reflection
n.
反射；反映；沉思；倒影；影像
be
lost
in
reflection
陷入沉思中
a
reflection
of
……的反映
语境助记
①[牛津高阶]His
face
was_reflected
in
the
mirror.
他的脸映照在镜子中。
②You
should
set
aside
some
time
to
reflect_on/upon
your
successes
and
failures.你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
③When
the
sun's
rays
hit
the
earth,
a
lot
of
heat
is_reflected
back
into
space.
太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热量被反射到太空。
④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]In
these
cultures,
silence
is
a
call
for
reflection.
在这些文化中，沉默是要求沉思的一种征兆。
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．It
is
not
the
story
itself
but
what
________
(reflect)
in
the
story
that
counts.
答案：is
reflected 考查被动语态。句意：重要的不是故事本身，而是故事中所反映出来的内容。分析句子结构可知，reflect与what之间构成被动关系。
2．Our
city
________
(witness)
four
different
seasons,
plenty
of
sunshine
and
good
rainfall,
but
in
winter
you
may
feel
a
little
cold.
答案：witnesses 考查主谓一致。句意：我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，日照充分和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。主语为单数形式，故应填witnesses。
3．We
urged
that
he
________
(apology)
to
Mary.
答案：(should)
apologize 考查虚拟语气。当urge后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
4．Tony
was
________(scare)
and
begun
to
cry.
答案：scared 考查词形转换。句意：托尼很害怕，开始哭起来。修饰人，应用形容词scared，意为“害怕的”。
5．We
were
all
________
(scare)
to
death
when
we
found
the
ground
was
shaking.
答案：scared 考查固定搭配。be
scared
to
death意为“吓死了”。
6．If
you
want
to
join,
there's
an
annual
membership
fee
of
10RMB
and
the
organization
publishes
its
list
of
members
________
(annual)．
答案：annually 考查词性转换。此处副词annually修饰动词publishes。
7．He
________
(pause)
for
breath
and
then
continued
climbing.
答案：paused 考查时态。句意：他暂停下喘口气然后继续爬。由句意及continued一词可知，应用一般过去时，故填paused。
8．The
final
score
of
the
basketball
match
was
93∶94.
We
were
________
(narrow)
beaten.
答案：narrowly 考查词性转换。副词narrowly“勉强地；差一点”，修饰动词beaten。
9．The
villagers
planned
to
________
(deep)
the
well
so
as
to
get
more
water
from
it.
答案：deepen 考查词性转换。deepen
the
well意为“将井挖更深”。
10．He
spent
six
months
in
prison
before
________
(flee)
the
country.
答案：fleeing 考查固定搭配。before
doing
sth.意为“(时间上)在做……以前”。此处before应为介词，故填fleeing。
1 help
(...)
out
帮助……摆脱困境或危难
What
evidence
was
there
that
Old
Tom
was
helping
the
whalers
out？(P21)
有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？
归纳拓展
(1)help
sb.
with/(to)
do
sth.
帮助某人某事/做某事
can't
help
doing
sth.
忍不住做某事
can't
help
but
do
sth.
只得做某事；不得不做某事
help
yourself
(to
sth.)
随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
(2)with
the
help
of
sb.＝with
one's
help在某人的帮助下
语境助记
①We'd
better
sometimes
talk
with
our
parents,
teachers
or
friends,
who
may
help_us_out
when
we're
in
trouble.我们最好偶尔同父母、老师或朋友交流，在我们有困难时，他们可能会帮助我们脱离困境。
②A
home
environment
in
blue
can
help_people_reduce
food
intake.
蓝色家居环境能帮助人们减少食物摄入量。
③Faced
with
so
much
trouble,
I
can't_help_but_turn_to
my
parents
for
help.
面对这么多困难，我不得不向我父母求助。
④I
can't_help_wondering
what
happened
to
that
little
girl.
我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。
⑤I
can't
thank
him
too
much,
with_the_help_of
whom
I
have
achieved
my
dream.
我十分感谢他，在他的帮助下我实现了自己的梦想。
2 be/become
aware
of
意识到
The
first
thing
I
became
aware
of
was
all
the
vivid
colours
surrounding
me—purples,
reds,
oranges,
yellows,
blues
and
greens.(P24)
我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。
归纳拓展
(1)be
aware
that...
知道；体会到……
make
sb.
aware
of/that...
使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意……
as
far
as
I'm
aware
据我所知
(2)awareness
n.
意识；认识；察觉
develop
an
awareness
of...
培养……的意识
raise
awareness
提高认识
语境助记
①[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]For
this
courier
job,
you're
consciously
aware_that
in
that
box
you've
got
something
that
is
potentially
going
to
save
somebody's
life.
对于这个快递工作，你得清醒地意识到在那个盒子里有某个可能会拯救别人生命的东西。
②Drivers
should
be_aware_of
the
danger
of
driving
after
drinking.
司机应当清楚酒后开车的危险。
③We
must
take
measures
to
raise_everyone's_awareness
of
protecting
our
environment.
我们必须要采取措施提高每个人的环保意识。
④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Her
popular
1962
book
Silent
Spring
raised_awareness_of
the
dangers
of
pollution
and
the
harmful
effects
of
chemicals
on
humans
and
on
the
world's
lakes
and
oceans.
她1962年出版的畅销书《寂静的春天》提升了人们对污染危害以及化学药品对人类及地球上的湖泊和海洋的有害影响的认识。
过关演练
选词填空
be
scared
to
death；
upside
down；
help
out；
aware
of；
in
the
meantime；
sort
out；
hold
up；
reflect
on；
ahead
of；
get
close
to
1．Looking
for
his
lost
wallet,
the
man
turned
the
whole
room
________.
答案：upside
down
2．—Do
you
work
in
this
office
—No,
as
a
clerk
in
this
office
is
on
vacation,
I'm
just
________
here
for
about
a
week.
答案：helping
out
3．After
I
heard
the
terrifying
news,
nothing
could
have
stopped
me
from
feeling
________.
答案：scared
to
death
4．We
should
often
________
our
past
mistakes.
答案：reflect
on
5．The
building
work
has
been
________
by
the
bad
weather.
答案：held
up
6．Looking
at
her
large
empty
apartment,
I
became
________
how
lonely
my
mother
must
have
been
in
Brazil
herself.
答案：aware
of
7．She
told
me
to
________
the
papers
that
could
be
thrown
away.
答案：sort
out
8．I
like
skiing
and
________，
I
know
it
is
very
dangerous.
答案：in
the
meantime
9．A
punctual
person
always
finishes
everything
________
time.
答案：ahead
of
10．He
didn't
want
to
________
the
tiger
because
he
thought
it
dangerous.
答案：get
close
to
1 It_was_a_time_when
the
killer
whales,
or
“killers”
as
they
were
then
called,
helped
the
whalers
catch
the
baleen
whales
that
were
on
their
annual
migration.(P19)
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
归纳拓展
It/There
was
a
time
when...意为曾经一度 那时 ……，其中a
time表示一段时间，后接when引导的定语从句。
语境助记
①It_was_a_time_when
motorcars
were
rare.
那时汽车是很罕见的。
②There_was_a_time_when
this
style
of
dress
was
popular
with
young
girls.
曾经一度这种款式的连衣裙很受年轻女孩的欢迎。
③I
still
remember
a_time_when
I
lived
in
Germany.
我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。
2 The
water
was
quite
shallow
but
where_
the
reef
ended,
there_was
a
steep
drop
to
the
sandy
ocean
floor.(P24)
水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
归纳拓展
“where...，
there
be...”意为“在……的地方，有……”。where引导地点状语从句，另外wherever“在何处；无论何处”也可引导地点状语从句。
语境助记
①As
the
saying
goes,
where
there
is
a
will,
there_is
a
way.
常言道，有志者，事竟成。
②It
is
well
known
that
the
panda
lives
where_there_is
plenty
of
bamboo.
众所周知，熊猫生活在有大量竹子的地方。
③As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
you
are
free
to
go
wherever
you
like.
就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
④As
young
men,
we
should
learn
to
stand
up
where_we_fall.
作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。
过关演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Did
you
see
that
boy
________
(question)
by
the
police
答案：being
questioned 考查现在分词的被动语态。see
sb.
doing
sth.意为“看到某人做某事”，又因为boy与question是动宾关系，故用being
questioned。句意：你看见那个正在受警察盘问的男孩了吗？
2．You
have
to
trust
your
mind
that
it'll
take
you
________
you
want
to
go.
答案：where 考查where引导的地点状语从句。句意：你必须相信你的头脑，它会带你去你想去的地方。
3．I
was
about
________
(do)
an
important
piece
of
work
when
my
daughter
came
to
interrupt
me.
答案：to
do 考查固定句式。句意：我正要做一件重要工作这时女儿过来打断了我。sb.
be
about
to
do
sth.
when...意为“某人正打算做某事这时候……”。
4．I
strongly
believe
that
________
there
is
a
dream,
there
is
hope.
答案：where 考查where引导的地点状语从句。句意：我坚信有梦想，就有希望。
5．It
was
a
time
________
most
people
did
not
know
how
to
operate
a
computer.
答案：when 考查固定句式。It/There
was
a
time
when...意为“曾经一度(那时)……”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．As
the
saying
goes,
__________________，
there
is
a
fire.
常言道，无风不起浪。
答案：where
there
is
a
smoke
2．________________
when
I
felt
very
lonely.
曾经一度我感觉很孤独。
答案：There
was
a
time
3．________
years
to
get
back
on
my
feet.我花了好几年时间才重新找回自己。
答案：It
took
me
复习 ing
形式的被动语态
当动词 ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词 ing形式的被动语态，即being
done形式。它与其主动语态一样在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语、补语、状语。
1．作主语
being
done用于句首作主语，表示一个被动的动作。
Being
exposed
to
sunshine
for
too
much
time
will
do
harm
to
one's
skin.
2．作宾语
being
done
可以用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示一个被动的动作。
The
film
star
wears
sunglasses.
Therefore,
he
can
go
shopping
without
being
recognized.
3．作定语
being
done
作定语，只能置于被修饰的名词后，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。
The
problem
being
discussed
now
is
very
important.
4．作补足语
being
done
可以用在某些动词(see,
hear,
watch,
feel,
notice,
find,
keep...)后作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。
You'll
find
the
topic
being
discussed
everywhere
now.
5．作状语
being
done用作状语，是一个比较重要的用法，主要用于句首表示原因，有时也表示其他关系(如时间等)。
Being
repaired,
the
road
is
blocked
now.
being
done的完成式为“having
been
done”，通常在句中作宾语和状语。
Having
been
taught
many
times,
the
boy
still
didn't
know
how
to
do
the
exercises.
being
done的否定形式为“not
being
done”；其完成时的否定形式为“not
having
been
done”。
He
was
unhappy
for
not
being
invited
to
the
party.
过关演练
单句语法填空
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．After
only
six
months
of
________
(care)
by
25－year－old
woman
from
China,
the
boy
can
already
understand
basic
Chinese
daily
expressions.
答案：being
cared 考查being
done作宾语。介词of后接v.－ing形式，且由空格后的by可知，表示被动。故填being
cared。
2．As
a
student,
I
can
tell
you
that
there
is
nothing
better
than
________
(praise)
by
my
teacher
before
my
classmates.
答案：being
praised 考查being
done作宾语。than在此为介词，故后面接v. ing形式，且由空格后的by可知，表示被动。故填being
praised。
3．The
lecture
________
(give),
a
lively
question and answer
session
followed.
答案：having
been
given 考查独立主格结构。lecture与give之间为被动关系，且表示发生在谓语动词之前。
4．—What
do
you
know
made
Susan
so
upset
—________
(charge)
with
giving
away
state
secrets.
答案：Being
charged 考查being
done作主语。句意：——你知道是什么使苏珊这么烦恼？——被指控泄露国家秘密。Susan与charge是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因本句为省略句，回答部分在句中作主语，故用Being
charged。
5．The
building
________
(build)
now
will
be
used
as
our
reading
room.
答案：being
built 考查being
done作定语。句意：正在被修建的大楼将用作我们的阅览室。所填内容表示正在进行的被动动作。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
I
don't
think
I
can
recall
a
time
when
I
wasn't
aware
of
the
beauty
of
the
ocean.
Growing
up
in
Australia,
I
had
the
good
fortune
of
having
the
sea
at
my
side.
The
first
time
I
went
to
Halfmoon
Bay,
I_suddenly_had_the_feeling_of_not_being_able_to_feel_the_ground_with_my_feet_anymore.
For
my
10th
birthday,
my
sister
and
I
were
taken
out
to
the
Great
Barrier
Reef.
There
were
fish
in
different
colors,
caves
and
layers
of
coral.
They
made
such
an
impression
on
me.
When
I
learned
that
only
1
percent
of
Australia's
Coral
Sea
was
protected,
I
was
shocked.
Australian
marine
life
is
particularly
important
because
the
reefs
have
more
marine
species
than
any
other
country
on
earth.
But
sadly,
only
45%
of
the
world's
reefs
are
considered
healthy.
This
statistic
is
depressing，
so
it's
important
for
us
to
do
everything
to
protect
them.
The
hope
that
the
Coral
Sea
remains
a
complete
eco system
has
led
me
to
take
action.
I've
become
involved
with
the
Protect
Our
Coral
Sea
activity,
which
aims
to
create
the
largest
marine
park
in
the
world.
It
would
serve
as
a
place
where
the
ocean's
species
will
all
have
a
safe
place
forever.
Together,
Angus
and
I
created
a
little
video
and
we
hope
it
will
inspire
people
to
be
a
part
of
the
movement.
Angus
also
shares
many
beautiful
childhood
memories
of
the
ocean
as
a
young
boy,
who
grew
up
sailing,
admiring
the
beauty
of
the
ocean,
and
trying
to
find
the
secrets
of
ocean
species.
篇章导读：在澳大利亚长大的作者对海洋有着深厚的感情，当他得知珊瑚和海洋生物正处在非常危险的状态时，他决定为保护海洋环境作出自己的努力。
1．From
the
underlined
sentence
in
Para.
1,
we
can
learn
the
author
________.
A．seldom
went
surfing
at
the
sea
B．forgot
his
experiences
about
the
ocean
C．never
went
back
to
his
hometown
D．had
a
wonderful
impression
of
Halfmoon
Bay
答案：D 推理判断题。在文章第一段中作者提到，自己永远不会忘记海洋的美丽，当他第一次来到半月湾时，他有一种飘飘欲仙的感觉。由此可推断，半月湾给作者留下了非常美好的印象。故选D项。
2．According
to
the
second
paragraph,
Australian
marine
life
________.
A．is
escaping
from
the
Coral
Sea
gradually
B．depends
on
reefs
for
living
greatly
C．may
be
faced
with
danger
D．is
protected
better
than
that
in
other
oceans
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，在澳大利亚只有1%的珊瑚海受到保护，而且全世界只有45%的珊瑚是健康的。由此可知，澳大利亚的海洋生物正处在危险之中。故选C项。
3．The
Protect
Our
Coral
Sea
activity
is
intended
to
________.
A．contribute
to
a
complete
eco system
B．prevent
more
marine
species
being
endangered
C．set
up
a
large
nature
reserve
for
reefs
D．raise
more
teenagers'
environmental
awareness
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“It
would
serve
as
a
place
where
the
ocean's
species
will
all
have
a
safe
place
forever.”可知，该活动的目的是防止更多的海洋生物遭受危险。故选B项。
4．Angus
and
the
author
created
a
little
video
to
________.
A．urge
more
people
to
take
action
to
protect
the
marine
species
B．inspire
more
people
to
explore
the
secret
of
the
ocean
C．share
their
childhood
experiences
about
the
ocean
D．bring
back
to
people
their
memories
of
ocean
species
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Together,
Angus
and
I
created
a
little
video
and
we
hope
it
will
inspire
people
to
be
a
part
of
the
movement.”可知，安格斯和作者做了一段视频，希望它能激励人们参与到保护海洋生物的行动中。故选A项。
1．marine
adj.
海洋的
2.statistic
n.
数据；统计数字
3．depressing
adj.
令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的
4．inspire
vt.
激发；鼓舞
5．admire
vt.
钦佩；赞赏
1．take
action
采取行动
2.serve
as
充当；用作
B
La
Gomera
is
the
only
place
in
the
world
that
has
a
whistle
language.
We
do
not
know
how
and
why
it
began
because
we
do
not
know
the
complete
history
of
the
island.
But
we
can
certainly
imagine
the
reasons
for
the
beginning
of
the
whistle
language.
There
are
many
deep
valleys
on
the
island.
A
person
on
one
side
of
a
valley
can
not
easily
shout
to
a
person
on
the
other
side.
But
he
can
whistle
and
be
heard.
Some
of
the
best
whistlers
can
be
heard
from
four
miles
away
and
the
record
is
seven
miles.
The
people
who
live
on
the
island
usually
have
good
teeth,
and
this
helps
them
to
whistle
well.
They
must
also
have
good
ears
so
that
they
can
hear
other
whistlers.
We
can
understand
why
the
whistle
language
continues.
It
is
very
useful
on
the
island,
and
quite
easy
to
learn.
When
somebody
is
hurt
or
ill,
the
whistle
language
takes
the
place
of
telephone.
If
the
sick
person
is
quite
far
away
from
the
town,
people
pass
the
message
from
one
to
another.
A
boy
guarding
cattle
on
a
hillside
whistles
to
a
man
fishing
from
his
boat.
The
last
one
is
able
to
describe
the
trouble
fully
and
exactly
to
the
doctor
in
town.
People
help
one
another
in
the
same
way
when
a
car
breaks
down
or
a
cow
is
lost.
The
whistle
language
is
hundreds
of
years
old,
and
probably
it
will
continue
to
live
on
for
hundreds
of
years
more.
Radio
and
TV
often
kill
the
special
ways
of
speaking
in
different
parts
of
a
country.
But
on
La
Gomera
you
are
nobody
if
you
cannot
whistle.
Perhaps
soon
after
TV
arrives
on
the
island,
people
there
will
be
whistling
the
news
and
other
facts
and
opinions.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上的另外一种语言——口哨语言。主要分析了La
Gomera的口哨语言存在的原因及用途。
5．If
a
person
on
La
Gomera
is
ill,
________.
A．the
whistle
language
will
help
pass
the
message
to
the
doctor
B．people
will
take
him
to
town
by
carriage
C．his
family
will
take
him
to
the
hospital
D．others
will
phone
the
doctor
in
town
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“If
the
sick
person
is
quite
far
away
from
the
town,
people
pass
the
message
from
one
to
another.”可知，如果有人生病了，人们可以用哨音给他人传递这一信息。
6．La
Gomera
is
special
because
________.
A．we
don't
know
its
complete
history
B．people
have
to
shout
if
they
want
to
communicate
C．people
there
have
good
teeth
and
ears
D．people
there
use
the
whistle
language
to
communicate
with
each
other
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句及“There
are
many
deep
valleys
on
the
island.
A
person...can
not
easily
shout
to
a
person...But
he
can
whistle
and
be
heard.”可知，在这一地区，人们可以通过口哨语言进行交流。
7．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
according
to
the
passage
A．The
whistle
language
has
been
used
for
hundreds
of
years
on
the
island,
but
will
not
be
used
any
longer.
B．The
whistle
language
can
only
be
found
on
La
Gomera.
C．It
is
not
easy
for
a
person
to
live
on
La
Gomera
if
he
cannot
whistle.
D．The
record
shows
that
the
best
whistler
can
be
heard
by
others
from
seven
miles
away.
答案：A 细节理解题。利用排除法，根据第四段第一句“The
whistle
language
is
hundreds
of
years
old,
and
probably
it
will
continue
to
live
on
for
hundreds
of
years
more.”可知，A项错误。故选A。B、C、D三项与文中信息一致，均正确。
8．Which
of
the
following
will
be
the
best
title
of
this
passage
A．The
Secret
Language
B．Do
You
Know
the
Whistle
Language
C．The
Life
of
Islanders
D．La
Gomera－a
Mystery
答案：B 主旨大意题。根据每段讲述的内容可知，本文讲的内容是一种口哨语言，而不是介绍某个地方，排除D项。A项内容过于宽泛；C项文中并未介绍。故选B。
1．whistle
n.
口哨 v.
吹哨
2．certainly
adv.
当然；行；必定
3．guard
vt.
保卫；保护
4．exactly
adv.
正确地；恰好地
5．special
adj.
特别的；专门的
1．take
the
place
of
取代；代替
2．break
down
出故障；分解；累垮
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Everyone
knows
that
fish
is
good
for
health.
__1__
But
it
seems
that
many
people
don't
cook
fish
at
home.
Americans
eat
only
about
fifteen
pounds
of
fish
per
person
per
year,
but
we
eat
twice
as
much
fish
in
restaurants
as
at
home.
Buying,
storing,
and
cooking
fish
isn't
difficult.
__2__
This
text
is
about
how
to
buy
and
cook
fish
in
an
easy
way.
__3__
Fresh
fish
should
smell
sweet:
you
should
feel
that
you're
standing
at
the
ocean's
edge.
Any
fishy
or
strong
smell
means
the
fish
isn't
fresh.
__4__
When
you
have
bought
a
fish
and
arrive
home,
you'd
better
store
the
fish
in
the
refrigerator
if
you
don't
cook
it
immediately,
but
fresh
fish
should
be
stored
in
your
fridge
for
only
a
day
or
two.
Frozen
fish
isn't
as
tasty
as
the
fresh
one.
There
are
many
common
methods
used
to
cook
fish.
__5__
First,
clean
it
and
season
it
with
your
choice
of
spices
(调料).
Put
the
whole
fish
on
a
plate
and
steam
it
in
a
steam
pot
for
8
to
10
minutes
if
it
weighs
about
one
pound.
(A
larger
one
will
take
more
time.)
Then,
it's
ready
to
serve.
A．Do
not
buy
it.
B．The
easiest
is
to
steam
it.
C．This
is
how
you
can
do
it.
D．It
just
requires
a
little
knowledge.
E．The
fish
will
go
bad
within
hours.
F．When
buying
fish,
you
should
first
smell
it.
G．The
fats
in
fish
are
thought
to
help
prevent
heart
disease.
篇章导读：本文为说明文，介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。
1．G 上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益，本句是对上句的解释说明，G项符合语境，意为“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”。
2．D 上句指出购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。D项符合语境，本句承接上句，意为“它只需要一点儿知识”。
3．F 下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味，由此可判断F项为主题句，意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。
4．A 上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜。本句承接上句，指出不要购买这样的鱼，故A项正确。
5．B 上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种，根据下文出现的steam可知，此处讲述了清蒸的方法，故B项正确，意为“最简单的方法就是清蒸”。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today
I
spent
time
__1__
(talk)
to
an
old
friend
about
some
of
the
choices
that
we
have
made
in
our
lives.
We
both
agree
that
life
has
__2__
(basic)
been
good
to
us.
And
we
are
very
__3__
(appreciate)
of
what
we
have
been
blessed
with.
Today
I
would
like
you
to
think
about
your
journey
and
where
you
see
yourself
in
the
next
five
years.
Do
you
see
that
you
have
become
exactly
who
you
set
out
to
be
If
you
are
like
me,
you
are
working
daily
on
those
goals.
I
work
on
my
__4__
(aim)
because
I
am
excited
about
that
opportunity.
However,
I
do
realize
that
sometimes
life
can
get
__5__
the
way
of
our
goals.
I
remember
when
my
friend
__6__
(decide)
to
buy
her
first
home.
She
was
ready
and
had
everything
__7__
(line)
up.
But
during
this
time
her
father
died
and
she
had
to
move
home
__8__
(help)
take
care
of
her
mother.
Her
goal
was
delayed,
but
she
didn't
give
it
up
completely.
And
that's
exactly
__9__
key
to
this
all.
In
order
to
achieve
your
goals,
you
have
to
keep
working
on
__10__.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：有了理想，有了希望，你就会感到生活中充满了快乐，在你实现理想的过程中，你就会体验人生最伟大的幸福。
1．talking 考查固定搭配。根据spend
time
(in)
doing
sth.意为“花费时间做某事”可知，答案为talking。
2．basically 考查词性转换。此处用于修饰谓语“has
been
good
to
us”，应用basic的副词形式basically，表示“基本上”。
3．appreciative 考查词性转换。be
appreciative
of为固定搭配，意为“对……感激”。
4．aims 考查名词复数。根据语境可知，此处为复数意义，aim为可数名词，故此处应使用其复数形式aims作work
on的宾语。
5．in 考查固定搭配。get
in
the
way
of...意为“挡路；形成障碍”。
6．decided 考查动词的时态。根据句意，此处陈述的是过去的事实，故应用一般过去时。
7．lined 考查非谓语动词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处表示将一切事情都准备妥当，应使用have
sth.
done句型，意为“使某事被做”。
8．to
help 考查非谓语动词。此处表示的是“move
home”的目的，应用不定式来作目的状语。
9．the 考查冠词。根据句意，此处表示所有这一切的关键所在，为特指意义，故应用定冠词the修饰key。
10．them 考查代词。根据上文中的goals可知，应用代词them作working
on的宾语。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
你的美国笔友Bob对钓鱼很有兴趣，请你根据以下要点，写出你和你的爸爸暑假期间某天去钓鱼的经历，通过电子邮件发给Bob，让他分享你的经历。要点如下：
1．所带器具和食物等；
2．钓鱼过程；
3．一天的收获和感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：沙蚕clam
worms 鱼钩
fishhook
Dear
Bob，
How
are
you!
I'm
glad
to
write
the
letter
to
you.
Yours，
Li
Hua
[标准范文]
Dear_Bob，
How_are_you!_I'm_glad_to_write_the_letter_to_you.
On
a
sunny
morning
in
summer,
my
father
and
I
drove
to
the
seaside
to
fish.
We
took
some
clam
worms,
some
bread
and
water
as
well.
On
arriving
at
the
seaside,
I
felt
comfortable.
Bathed
in
the
sea
wind,
I
felt
relaxed.
Then
we
took
our
fishing
poles
out,
put
clam
worms
in
the
fishhooks
and
threw
them
into
the
sea.
Then
we
waited
patiently.
After
a
while,
father
got
a
fish.
However,
I
lacked
such
knowledge
of
fishing.
So
my
father
constantly
gave
me
some
advice,
which
benefited
me
a
lot.
Then
I
fished
a
lot.
At
five
o'clock,
we
returned
home,
feeling
very
happy.
Yours，
Li_Hua
