2018年高考英语（全国通用）一轮复习课件：必修5（5份）

课件83张PPT。Great scientistsBook 5 Unit 1晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇
1.creative adj.富有创造力的
2.determination n.决心
3.humorous adj.幽默的
4.independent adj.独立的
5.profession n.职业
6.qualification n.资格；学历
7.be honored as被誉为……
8.be active in积极从事于
9.be admitted into a key university考上重点大学
10.think highly/well of对……高度评价话题佳作
　　请你结合下面提供的信息，给某英语晚报写一篇新闻报道，简单介绍研究油菜花的父子农民科学家。
　　1.沈克泉、沈昌健是湖南一对普通的农民父子；
　　2.40年前，沈克泉立志培育出优质杂交油菜(hybrid rape)；
　　3.父子二人靠自学、肉眼观察、记录总结规律，经1 000多次实验后
　　 培育出优质品种；
　　4.“油菜花父子”用实际行动证明农民也能变成科学家。佳作欣赏
　　Shen Kequan and his son Shen Changjian who used to be two common farmers in Hunan Province have become famous. 40 years ago Shen Kequan made up his mind to develop a kind of good hybrid rape. To reach his goal，the farmer and his son taught themselves agriculture knowledge，observed the rape with their eyes，kept records and drew conclusions all by themselves. Finally，they developed a kind of hybrid rape with rather good quality after more than 1,000 experiments. The father and his son’s achievement tells us that farmers can also become scientists.名师点睛
　　文章结构如下：1.指出文章要介绍的人物及事件——农民父子培育出优质杂交油菜。2.围绕要点进行细节报道：(1)40年前立志要培育出优质油菜；(2)自学、观察、记录、总结；(3)1 000多次实验后终于成功。3.总结性评价——农民也能成为科学家。文中使用了定语从句、不定式作目的状语、宾语从句等复杂句式和used to，make up one’s mind，teach themselves，draw conclusions等词汇，增强了文章的说明力。基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力内容索引教材升华　综合运用基础排查　点拨要点A.写作必记单词
1.conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出
(1) n.结论；结束
[填介词]
(2)He concluded his speech a famous saying.
(3)What can we conclude Stafford’s research?
(4) conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself
today.1conclusionwithfromIn2.attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
(1)attend 倾听；处理；照顾；关心
(2)By now paramedics had arrived，and were attending to the inju-
red woman.
现在急救人员已来，正在给受伤的妇女做护理。(2014·福建)to表示“护理某人”“侍候某人”“照顾某人”既可用attend sb.，也可用attend on sb.，还可用attend to sb.。3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
(1) (expose) to the sunlight for too long will be harmful
to your skin.
(2) (expose) to the rain and wind last night，he was ill.
(3)And the more birds (暴露于) light，the more active
they are at night.(2015·四川)Being exposedExposedare exposed to4.cure n.治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗
(1)cure sb. ...治好某人的病；改掉某人的(坏习惯等)
(2)Besides，empathy (同情) can be a cure loneliness，sadness，
anxiety，and fear.(填介词)offor5.challenge n.挑战；vt.向……挑战
(1) adj.挑战性的
(2)challenge sb.to do...向某人挑战做某事
(3)Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you
(be) better while loving you for who you are.(2016·浙江)
(4)Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge
the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.(填介词)challengingtobeto6.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
(1)When deeply (absorb) in work，which he often was，he
would forget all about eating or sleeping.
(2)After (absorb) enough water，the plants grow well.
(3)A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he
(专心致志于) his reading.(2015·福建)absorbedabsorbingwas absorbed in7.suspect vt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
suspect sb. ...怀疑某人……
8.blame vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备
(1)blame sb. ...因……而指责某人
blame sth. sb.把某事归咎于某人
(2)We went 10－1 and I was named the most valuable player，but I
often had crazy dreams in which I (为……受责备)
Miller’s accident.(2016·全国Ⅲ)offoronwas to blame for(1)be to blame这一习语中的blame通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
(2)blame后通常不接that从句。9.pollute vt.污染；弄脏
adj.被污染的
n.污染
10.announce vt.宣布；通告
(1) n.宣布；通告
(2)He announced the good news her.(填介词)
(3)I have an important announcement (make).pollutedpollutionannouncementto maketoannounce后不接双宾语，即不能说announce sb.sth.，而说成announce sth.to sb.。11.instruct vt.命令；指示；教导
(1) n.命令；指示；(pl.)说明书
(2)He instructed her (remain) where she was.(同义句转换)
→He instructed that she where she was.
12.contribute vt. & vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
(1) n.贡献；捐助
(2)We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives
the poor.(填介词)(2016·四川)
(3)Such rude riding (导致；促使) the disorder of traffic.
(2015·江苏)instructionto remain(should) remaincontributiontocontributes toB.阅读识记单词
13.characteristic n.
14.scientific adj.
scientist n.
15.analyse vt.
analysis n.
16. vt.打败；战胜；使受挫
n.失败特征；特性科学的科学家分析分析defeat17.expert n. ；
adj.
(1)be expert 擅长……
(2)He is an expert skin disease.
他是治疗皮肤病的专家。
18.physician n.
physical adj.
19.enquiry n.
enquire vt. 专家；行家熟练的；经验或知识丰富的at/inin/on/at医生；内科医师身体的；肉体的询问询问20.severe adj.
21.foresee vt. _
22. n.柄；把手
vt.处理；操纵
23.link vt.& n.
link... 把……与……连接起来
24.certainty n.
(1) certainty确定无疑地
certain有把握；肯定地
(2) is certain that he’ll come tomorrow.(填代词)严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 预见；预知handle连接；联系to/withwith确信；确实forIt25.responsible adj.
be responsible 为……负责；是……的原因
take for为……负责
26.construct vt.
(1)construction n.
(2) construction在建设中
27.positive adj.
negative adj. 有责任的；负责的forresponsibility建设；修建建设；建筑物under积极的；肯定的；确实的消极的；否定的；负面的28.enthusiastic adj.
(1)enthusiasm n.
(2)be enthusiastic 对……热心
29.cautious adj.
(1)caution n.
(2) caution＝cautiously小心地；谨慎地
30. vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃
n.拒绝热情的；热心的热情，热心about小心的；谨慎的谨慎withrejectrejectionreject后接名词、代词作宾语，不接不定式。31.universe n.
universal adj. 宇宙；世界宇宙的；全世界的；普遍的1. 提出；将……提前；将钟拨快
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assista-
nt. There is too much work to do.
经理提了个建议——我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。(2016·天津)
2. 得出结论
(总之)，I like being praised，but I know sometimes it’s
not always good.(2015·湖南)
3.apart from 2put forwarddraw a conclusionIn conclusion除……之外；此外apart from既可等于but，except，也可与besides同义。4. 对……严格的(后跟sb.)
be strict in sth.对某事要求严格
5. 讲得通；有意义
(1)make sense of 弄懂……的意思；理解
(2)See，your computer has broken down again！It doesn’t
to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
看，你的电脑又坏了！仅为了节省几美元而买最便宜品牌的电脑不
明智。(be) strict with...make sensemake sense1. its cause its cure understood.
人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
2.So many thousands of terrified people died
.
每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。
3. again，John Snow the
source of all the water supplies .
为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。3Neithernorwasevery time there was anoutbreakTo prevent this from happeningsuggested thatbe examined4. you put the sun there the movements of the other planets
in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得
清楚。
5.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system
and only the moon still going round the earth.
他把固定着的太阳放在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，
只有月球仍然绕着地球转。Only ifdidwith the planetsgoing round it6.He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church，so he only
published it as he lay in 1543.
他不想遭到基督教会的攻击，所以他直到1543年临终前才公布了这
一观点。dying形容词作状语：
(1)形容词dying在句中作状语，说明谓语动词lie发生时，主语所处的状态。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。[同义句改写](用形容词或形容词短语作状语改写)
(1)She suddenly appeared and seemed happy and satisfied.

(2)The boy ran home with fear filling him.
Happy and satisfied，she suddenly appeared.The boy ran home，full of fear.教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
John Snow，a well-known doctor in London，became 1.________
(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2.______
(expose) to cholera，a 3. (dead) disease of his day.
Thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak 4. no one knew the cause of it.John wanted to help solve 5. problem.inspiredwere exposeddeadlybecausetheHe got interested in two theories 6. (explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory that suggested that people 7. (absorb) the disease with their meals.In 1854,8. another outbreak hit London，he was ready to test the two theories.9. the help of the map he made，he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10. (blame).explainingabsorbedwhenWithto blameⅡ.教材与短文改错
There was time when the powerful Christian Church believed God had made the world.It was because that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system.Copernicus had thought long and hardly about it and tried to find an answer. But ，all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion what the earth was not the centre of the solar system.∧
a∧
ofhardHoweverthatWhen he placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system，the movement of the other planets made the sense.The Christian Church rejects his theory.But her theory is now the basis on that all our ideas of the universe are built.movementsrejectedhiswhichⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材 (关于医学)
1.布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。
2.专家用一切办法企图治愈他。
3.最后他们宣布病毒被打败了。
4.但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。
5.人们说这种病毒该受责备。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词短语作状语，宾语从句等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Being exposed to a deadly virus，Black was severely ill.Experts used all the ways to cure him.Finally they announced that the virus was defeated but he needed attending before he was fully recovered.People said that the virus was to blame. 语篇训练　提升能力Ⅰ. 阅读理解Ⅱ . 七选五Ⅲ . 完形填空Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2016·内蒙古宁城统考)
　　A new planet-hunting technique has detected the most earth-like pla-net yet around a star other than our sun，raising hopes of finding a space rock that might support life，astronomers(天文学家) reported recently.
　　“This is an important discovery to answer the question ‘Are we alone？’” said Michael Turner of the National Science Foundation.　　“The team has discovered the most earth-like planet yet，and more importantly，has proved the power of a new technique that is sensit-ive(灵敏的) to detecting planets that are fit for people to live on，” Turner said in a statement.
　　In the last decade，astronomers have detected more than 160 plan-ets moving around stars outside our solar system. Most of these have been gas giant planets like Jupiter，which are unfit for life.　　But an international team has detected a cold planet about 5.5 times more massive than the earth—still small enough to be considered earth-like—moving around a star about 20,000 light years away，close to the center of the Milky Way.
　　To find this new planet，the team used a technique called gravitational microlensing(引力微观透镜法).When a planet is circling the closest star，the planet’s gravity can add its own signature to the light. This kind of light signature was observed on July 11 by a group of telescopes in a project known as OGLE，short for Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment.　　“The main advantage of microlensing is the signals for low-mass planets：They’re not weak signals. They’re just rare，” Bennett of the University of Notre Dame in Indiana said by telephone.“If there happens to be a straight line between a foreground star with its planet and the background source star，then you’re able to detect that planet.”词义猜测题。由第一段第一句“A new planet-hunting technique has detected the most earth-like planet yet around a star other than our sun...”及第三段第一句中的“The team has discovered the most...”可知，这里detect与discover的含义相同，指的是“探测、发现”。故选A。1.The underlined word “detected” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”.
A.discovered B.destroyed
C.created D.searched√ 答案 解析1234写作意图题。文章主要讲述的是科学家用一种新的技术，找到了与地球最相似的行星，并研究其是否适合人类居住。故选D。2.The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to .
A.prove that scientists have a lot of difficulties in doing scientific research
B.explain why this planet moves around a star like our sun
C.teach the readers some basic knowledge about the universe
D.tell people about a new technique that finds the most earth-like planet
moving round another star√ 答案 解析12343.From the news report we can infer that .
A.the planet is like the earth because it is close to the center of the Milky
Way
B.it is quite possible that life may exist on other planets in the universe
C.people have no interest in finding a planet that might support life
D.the question “Are we alone？” is too difficult for scientists to answer√ 答案 解析12341234推理判断题。由第一段“...raising hopes of finding a space rock that might support life，astronomers(天文学家) reported recently.”及第二段“This is an important discovery to answer the question ‘Are we alone？’”可推知有生命可能存在于宇宙中的其他行星上。故选B。4.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.The signals coming from low-mass planets are too weak to be noticed.
B.Most of the discovered planets are not fit for people to live on.
C.If a star with its planet happens to be in line with the source star，then
the planet can be found.
D.The power of the new technique is proved by the discovery of the earth-
like planet. 答案1234√ 解析判断正误题。由最后一段“The main advantage of microlensing is the signals for low-mass planets：They’re not weak signals. They’re just rare...”可知低质量行星的信号不是弱而只是罕见。故选A。1234Ⅱ. 七选五(2016·重庆一中质检)
　　Traveling is what makes your life complete. Finding balance isn’t easy yet it is worth trying. There are hundreds of reasons why you should travel. Here are only 4 of them：
　　1. 1 答案 解析E[There is no tomorrow，take a break now.]从文章的结构看，本段的意思是：说走就走，只要对现在的生活感到枯燥就可以去作一次旅行，等待时机是错误的。 所以这里选E(没有明天，现在就休息一下吧。)。　　Be spontaneous and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine. Waiting for certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself is wrong.
　　2.Your company won’t bankrupt or disappear if you leave it for a week or two.　　There are plenty of people who can substitute you and do your job while you are away. 2 Here the point is to plan a week ahead. If you work hard you can play hard. Always remember that the quality of your work will improve if you have a good rest and let yourself relax and recharge with energy and positive emotions. 答案 解析G[But you can do some of it in advance or you can keep it in on hold.]空前的意思是：你离开期间，有很多人可以代替你做你的工作。 空后一句的意思是：这里重点是提前一周计划。所以选项G(你可以提前做一些，或者你可以暂时搁置。)与上下文一致。　　3.You cannot be a good employee if you are unhappy and tense.
　　Your family suffers too. When your mind is free you can perform at 200 percent. 3 You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress，perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities. Take care of yourself. Make sure that your well-being does not suffer. 答案 解析D[But you are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great.]空前的意思是：当你的思想解放的时候，你的表现就是200%。空后的意思是：如果你承受太多的压力，……你会失去平衡和和谐。所以选项D(但是当你的身体感觉不好的时候，你干活也就干不好。)与上下文一致。4. 4 [Have a richer life if you want to be a better leader.]C 答案 解析本段的意思是：我们都想在自己的行业中出类拔萃。即使在家我们也想做主宰者。我们喜欢被社会赞赏。做这样的人需要几个重要的品质。你必须是一个有着多重性格的人。所以这里选C(想做一个好领导，就要有更加丰富的生活。)。　　We all want to excel in our profession. We want to be in charge even at home. We like to be appreciated by the community. Being such a person requires several important qualities. To gain the required qualities you must have a multi-dimensional personality. 5 Be a mentor，inspire others and do what you would like others to do.[The more new activities you practice，the more chances you can beco-me a better leader.]A 答案 解析空前的意思是：你必须是一个有着多重性格的人。空后的意思是：做一个导师，激励他人，做你想让他人做的事。 所以选项A(你实践得越多，你就越有机会成为一个更好的领导者。)与上下文一致。A. The more new activities you practice，the more chances you can beco-
me a better leader.
B. Making excuse is much easier than acting.
C. Have a richer life if you want to be a better leader.
D. But you are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great.
E. There is no tomorrow，take a break now.
F. How exciting and fun your life is depends only on you.
G. But you can do some of it in advance or you can keep it in on hold.Ⅲ. 完形填空　　Yesterday I was shopping with my 5-year-old daughter 1 a group of punk rockers walked by with orange spiked hair and tattoos 2 much of their bodies.while当……的时候；until直到……才；since自从；when这时，当……的时候。be doing... when...是固定用法，意为：正在做某事这时……。1.A.while B.until
C.since D.when√ 答案 解析 Yesterday I was shopping with my 5-year-old daughter 1 a group of punk rockers walked by with orange spiked hair and tattoos 2 much of their bodies.show展示；cover覆盖；paint绘画；present呈现。“大部分的皮肤上有纹身”可以理解成：纹身覆盖在身体上。2.A.showing B.covering
C.painting D.presenting√ 答案 解析At the sight of them，my daughter immediately asked me，“Daddy，why are they 3 like that？” Years ago I would have felt very 4 with such young people.try on试穿；take up拿起，占有，从事；act out把……付诸行动，表演出来；dress up化妆，打扮。孩子很好奇他们为什么打扮成那样。 答案 解析3.A.tried on B.taken up
C.acted out D.dressed up√At the sight of them，my daughter immediately asked me，“Daddy，why are they 3 like that？” Years ago I would have felt very 4 with such young people.delighted高兴的；interested感兴趣的；bored厌烦的；obsessed着迷的。根据下文However之后的“我不确定，不过这很有意思……”推断这里是指数年前我会对这样打扮的年轻人感到厌烦。be bored with对……感到厌烦。 答案 解析4.A.delighted B.interested
C.bored D.obsessed√I would have given a judgmental explanation and passed along to her my 5 .view观点；question问题；advice建议；plan计划。我会给出一个批判性的解释并表达我的观点。 答案 解析5.A.views B.questions
C.advice D.plan√However，that day I said to my daughter，“I’m not really sure，but it’s interesting how 6 we all are，isn’t it？” She said，“Yeah， 7 I like my own hair.”similar类似的；confident自信的；humorous幽默的；different不同的。句意为：我们有多么不同，这很有意思，不是吗？ 答案 解析6.A.similar B.confident
C.humorous D.different√However，that day I said to my daughter，“I’m not really sure，but it’s interesting how 6 we all are，isn’t it？” She said，“Yeah， 7 I like my own hair.”and和，而且；but但是，不过；so因此；or或者。孩子回答，是很不一样，但是我还是很喜欢我自己的头发。前后之间为转折关系，故选B。 答案 解析7.A.and B.but
C.so D.or√　　Actually，I was pretending to be an anthropologist. Anthropology(人类学) is a science which deals with man and his social habits. I think of anthro-pology here as “being interested，wi-thout 8 ，in the way other people ch-oose to live and 9 .”agreement同意；judgment判断；improvement提高；entertainm-ent娱乐。我认为人类学在这里的意思是不去判断，而只是感兴趣于人们选择生活和行为的方式。 答案 解析8.A.agreement B.judgment
C.improvement D.entertainment√　　Actually，I was pretending to be an anthropologist. Anthropology(人类学) is a science which deals with man and his social habits. I think of anthro-pology here as “being interested，wi-thout 8 ，in the way other people ch-oose to live and 9 .”behave行为；speak说话；grow成长；seek寻求。根据下一句中的“when you are curious about the way someone behaves...”可知，选A项。 答案 解析9.A.behave B.speak
C.grow D.seek√When you are curious about the way someone behaves or the way they feel about something，it’s 10 that you will be annoyed.natural自然；certain当然；obvious明显；impossible不可能。只是好奇而不是评论判断，就不会生气，这里是对前面的话的解释，所以和前面一致，用表示否定意思的词，故选D。 答案 解析10.A.natural B.certain
C.obvious D.impossible√　　When someone acts in a way that seems 11 to you，rather than react in your usual way，such as “I can’t believe they would do that，”passive被动的；common普通的；conventional常见的，传统的；abnormal反常的，异常。根据后面的“rather than react in your usual way such as ‘I can’t beli-eve they would do that’”可知，此处指别人的行为在自己看来是不正常的，故选D。 答案 解析11.A.passive B.common
C.conventional D.abnormal√ 12 say something to yourself like “I see，that must be the way they 13 things in their world.just仅仅；also也；still仍然；never从不。根据前面的“rather than react in your usual way”可知，如果觉得别人的行为不正常，不要对他们反感，只是对自己说，我理解，那一定是他们眼中的世界，很有
趣。故选A。 答案 解析12.A.just B.also
C.still D.never√ 12 say something to yourself like “I see，that must be the way they 13 things in their world.make制造，使；find发现；see看；get得到。见上题解析。 答案 解析13.A.make B.find
C.see D.get√Very interesting.” In order for this 14 to help you，you have to be genuine as I tried that day.person人；way方式，方法；interest兴趣；word词，话。句意为：为了让这种方法来帮助你，你就要像那天我努力做到的那样。 答案 解析14.A.person B.way
C.interest D.word√I 15 my perspective from the bottom of my heart.block阻挡；change变化，改变；enlarge变大；raise提高，举起。从上文可知，我从心底里改变了我的视角。故选B。 答案 解析15.A.blocked B.changed
C.enlarged D.raised√And that made me 16 .soft柔软，温和；high高；narrow窄；angry生气。根据上文可知，当我改变了自己看问题的方式后，我就会变得更加温和。 答案 解析16.A.softer B.higher
C.narrower D.angrier√　　When you are interested in other perspectives，it doesn’t mean you’re 17 them.as 当作；for为了，支持；beside而且；against反对。句意为：你感兴趣于别人的视角时，并不意味着你赞同他们。 答案 解析17.A.as B.for
C.beside D.against√I certainly wouldn’t choose a punk rock lifestyle or 18 it to anyone else.adapt适应；connect联系；fault 挑错；decide决定。句意为：我不会选择朋克风格也不会让别人选择这个风格。故选D。 答案 解析18.A.adapt B.connect
C.fault D.decide√At the same time，however，it’s really not my 19 to judge it either.place地方，职位；attempt 企图；fault 过错；decision决定。It’s not one’s place to do sth.做某事不该由某人来管。19.A.place B.attempt
C.fault D.decision 答案 解析√One of the most important rules of joyful living is that judging others takes a great deal of energy and 20 you away from where you want to be.give给；bring带来；pull拉，牵扯；put放。快乐生活的一个最重要法则就是，评判他人需要大量的精力，还会让你远离你想成为的人。pull away(把……)开走，(使)离开，符合语境。20.A.gives B.brings
C.pulls D.puts√ 答案 解析 以上语篇训练之　
素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1.detect v.查明，发现；洞察
n.侦探
2.massive adj.大的；大规模的；大量的
3.annoyed adj.恼怒的，气恼的
(1)be annoyed sth.对某事生气
be annoyed sb.对某人生气detectiveat/aboutwith (2)To be honest，voters sometimes feel (annoy)，not because
they hate voting，but because they are divided between emotion
and fairness.(2016·江苏)
(3)It was really (annoy); I couldn’t get access to the data
bank you had recommended.(2016·天津)
4.other than除了；而不是；不同于
Mailboxes were sometimes used for things other than mail.
邮箱有时候是作他用而不是(放)信。annoyedannoying5.happen to do...碰巧做……
(1)It happens that...碰巧……
(2)She happened to be out when he called.(同义句转换)
→ she was out when he called.It happened that6.at the sight of一看见……
sight 看得见；在视线内
sight看不见；在视线外inout of7.from the bottom of one’s heart真诚地；衷心地
from top to bottom从头到脚；彻底地
the bottom of在……底部atⅡ.句式升级
1.A new planet-hunting technique has detected the most earth-like plan-
et yet around a star other than our sun，raising hopes of finding a sp-
ace rock that might support life.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)
→

A new planet-hunting technique has detected the most earth-like
planet yet around a star other than our sun，which raises hopes of
finding a space rock that might support life.2.In the last decade，astronomers have detected more than 160 planets
moving around stars outside our solar system. Most of these have been
gas giant planets like Jupiter.(用定语从句把两句合为一句)
→

In the last decade，astronomers have detected more than 160 planetsmoving around stars outside our solar system，most of which have been gas giant planets like Jupiter.3.Traveling is what makes your life complete.(用强调句型强调划线部分)
→ It is traveling that makes your life complete.课件80张PPT。The United KingdomBook 5 Unit 2晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇
1.country n.乡下；农村
2.discover v.发现
3.distance n.距离
4.explore v.探险
5.immigration n.移居；移民
6.primitive adj.原始的；远古的
7.worldwide adj.世界范围的
8.be made up of由……组成
9.be famous for以……闻名
10.lie in位于；在于话题佳作
　　假如你是李明，正在陕西省会西安旅游。你的朋友彼得发来电子邮件，让你介绍一下当地的情况。请根据下表所提供的要点作出回复，并希望他也能来此旅游。参考词汇：秦始皇兵马俑Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses；起源地origin；文明civilization佳作欣赏
Dear Peter，
　　I am very glad to tell you about my trip in Xi’an. Its beautiful scenery is really a feast for the eyes and its long history has impressed me so much.
　　There is no denying that Xi’an is the origin of Chinese civilization. Maybe “the eighth major miracle of the world” alone，Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses，is enough to explain why it enjoys the title of “Natural History Museum”.Furthermore，with Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. Huashan Mountain in particular makes me love it at the first sight. Xi’an is well worth visiting.　　I look forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Ming名师点睛
　　本文结构完整，思路清晰，字里行间体现并符合了描写地点类说明文的基本格式和要求。文章分为两部分来介绍西安，即风景和历史古迹，条理很清楚。短文运用了不少高级短语和句型，如a feast for the eyes，at the first sight以及there is no denying that...，宾语从句，过去分词作状语等，这些使文章语言地道而且丰富。基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力内容索引教材升华　综合运用基础排查　点拨要点A.写作必记单词
1.consist vi.组成；在于；一致
(1) adj.一致的；连续的
(2)consist 在于
consist 和……一致
(3)The text (由……组成) four parts.
(4)For high--end homes in this valley，this entirely
(和……一致) what they cost.1consistentinwithconsists ofisconsistent withconsist of没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。2.conflict n.矛盾；冲突
conflict with和……有冲突
come conflict with和……冲突
3.convenience n.便利；方便
(1) adj.便利的；方便的
(2)Looking forward to your reply (在你方便时).
(2015·重庆)
(3) in London by underground.
坐地铁在伦敦旅行很方便。inintoconvenientat your convenienceIt is very convenient to travel(1)convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，因为它的意思是“使人方便的”，多用于It is convenient for sb.to do...这一句型中。
(2)convenience意为“方便；便利”时，为不可数名词；意为“便利的事物；便利设施”时，为可数名词。4.attract vt.吸引；引起注意
(1) n.吸引力；吸引
adj.有吸引力的
(2) (attract) by the beauty，he didn’t want to leave right now.
(3)In ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract
customers his shop simply by making changes to its environment.
(填介词)(2015·重庆)attractionattractiveAttractedto5.description n.描写；描述
(1) v.描写；描述
(2) description无法形容describebeyonddescribe后不接双宾语，若语义需要，要用介词to或for来引出间接宾语，即可说describe sth. to/for sb.。6.quarrel n.争吵；争论；吵架；vi.争吵；吵架
(have a) quarrel sb. sth.就……和某人吵架
7.arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理
(1)I’ll make (arrange) for you to be met at the airport.
(2)I got a taste of that dream in 2001，when my husband arranged
me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.(填介词)
(3)The Jibo robot， (arrange) to ship later this year，is desi-
gned to be a personalized assistant.(2015·天津)witharrangementsforarrangedabout/over“安排某人做某事”英语不能说arrange sb.to do sth.，而应说arrange for sb.to do sth.。8.delight n.快乐；高兴；喜悦；vt.使高兴；使欣喜
(1)take delight /delight 以……为乐
delight高兴地
(2)I (对……高兴) the presence of such a student.
(2016·全国Ⅱ)
(3)It’s (delight) to see so many beautiful flowers.
(2016·全国Ⅱ)inwithdelightfulinwas delighted atdelightful使人高兴的，现在英语不存在delighting这个形容词，所以不要用delighting来表示delightful的意思。 9.thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊
(1)Tabloids(小报) publish (thrill) stories about their personal
lives.
(2)The audience were (thrill) when they heard his music.thrillingthrilledB.阅读识记单词
10.unite vi.& vt.
union n.
united adj.
11.clarify vt.
12.accomplish vt.
accomplishment n.
13.rough adj.
14.nationwide adj. 联合；团结联合；联盟；结合；协会联合的；团结的澄清；阐明完成；达到；实现成就粗糙的；粗暴的全国性的；全国范围的15.administration n.
16.countryside n.
the countryside在农村；在乡下(countryside前常用定冠词)
17.enjoyable adj.
18.possibility n.
(1)—Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport?
—No problem.(填连词)
(2)On horseback is possible to get quite close to elephants，giraffes
and many other animals.(填代词)(2015·重庆)管理；行政部门乡下；农村in令人愉快的；使人高兴的可能(性)thatit19.alike adj.
Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike?
为什么年轻的孩子和科学家看起来如此相似？(2016·浙江)相同的；类似的alike为表语形容词，但其前可用very修饰，也可用much，very much修饰。20.wedding n.
21.fold vt.
22.sightseeing n.
23.royal adj.
24.splendid adj.
25.statue n. 婚礼折叠；对折观光；游览王室的；皇家的；高贵的壮丽的；极好的；辉煌的塑像；雕像26.imaginary adj.
(1)imagine v.
imagination n.
(2)“I can’t imagine (live) anywhere but Rockaway，” Nata-
lie declares.(2016·北京)
27.error n. 想象中的；假想的；虚构的想象想象living错误；过失；谬误1. 把……分成
(1)divide... two/ half/ halves把……分成两半
divide... 在……之间分配
(2)With its focus (divide)，the lion becomes confused and is
unsure about what to do next.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)2divide...intoininintoamong/betweendivided2. 挣脱(束缚)；脱离
Johnny broke away and ran outside，determined never to go to anoth-
er dance.
约翰尼脱身并跑了出去，决定再也不去舞会。
3. 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
4. 省去；遗漏；不考虑
Today，we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will
be left out.
今天我们从昨天停下来的地方开始，这样不会漏掉要点。break away (from)to one’s creditleave out5. 代替
(1)in place of代替
代替；就坐
(2)TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children；it takes the
place of similar sorts of recreation，such as listening to the radio
and playing sports.
对于大部分孩子来说，电视不会代替读书，它会代替其他相似的娱
乐，例如听收音机和运动。(2015·广东)take the place oftake one’s place6. (机器)损坏；破坏；打破
The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to
trade between them.
这两个国家打算会面来打破双方之间的一些贸易壁垒。(2014·天津)break down1. the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do
not attract visitors.
真遗憾这些建于19世纪的工业城市并不吸引游客。
2. the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the
sites she wanted to see in London.
由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。3It is a pity thatWorried about3.It looked splendid !
刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌！
4. was the longitude line.
她最感兴趣的是那条(通过天文台的)经线。
5. the man who had developed communism
.
这似乎是一件怪事，这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过并在
那里去世。when first builtWhat interested her mostIt seemed strange thatshou-ld have lived and died in LondonIt＋seems/seemed＋adj.＋that...好像……，似乎……
(1) seems to be a kind of gravitational pull toward God.(填副词)
(2) seemed as if an invisible wall had been built between us overnight.
(填代词)
(3)Look at the sky！It seems (rain).ThereItto rain教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
If you study British history，you may find the country went 1._______
several different names.The first name England referred to England and Wales,2. when the two countries joined Scotland in the seventeenth century，the name Great Britain 3. (give) to represent the country.
4. the joining of Northern Ireland，the country got the name the United Kingdom,5. was shown to the world in a new flag 6. (call) the Union Jack.throughbutwas givenWithwhichcalledOf 7. four countries，England is the 8. (large) and is divided into three zones：the South，the North and the Midlands. 9. capital London，which has been influenced by some invaders，like the Romans，the Vikings，the Anglo--Saxons and the Normans，is the greatest 10. (history) treasure of all with its museums，art collections，theatres，parks and buildings.largesttheItshistoricalⅡ.教材与短文改错
Worry about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.Her first delightful was going to the Tower.It built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Therefore ，the building had expanded around it.It is remained part of a royal palace and prison combined.To my great surprise，Zhang Pingyu found theWorrieddelight∧
wasHoweverbuildingsherQueen’s jewels guarded by special royal soldiers，that still wore the four--hundred--year--old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ on special occasions.She finishes the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace，the Queen’s house in London.Oh，she had so many to tell her friends!whofinishedmuchⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材 (关于参观博物馆)
1.上周日我们班很幸运能有机会参观博物馆。
2.博物馆有三部分组成，分别为建筑艺术、收藏画和雕塑。这三部分都会给人们带来无限乐趣。
3.我们分为三组去参观。
4.如果这周我们方便的话，我们还会再去参观。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，if引导的条件状语从句等。连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Last Sunday，we were so lucky to have the opportunity to visit the museum.The museum consists of three parts，one for architecture，another for painting collections and the third for statues，all of which can bring you much delight.All of us were divided into 3 groups to see them.If it is convenient for us this week，we’ll visit it again. 语篇训练　提升能力Ⅰ. 阅读理解Ⅱ . 七选五Ⅲ . 完形填空Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2016·浙江建人高复月考)
　　It is widely known that any English conversation begins with the weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet，their first talk is about weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago，most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather--speak.　　Bill Bryson，for example，concludes that，as the English weather is not at all exciting，the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider，the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply，the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.　　Jeremy Paxman，however disagrees with Bryson，arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive.“Bryson is wrong，” he says，“because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.” “The interest is less in the phenomena them-selves，but in uncertainty.” According to him，the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.　　Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators，somehow，are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs，which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather，they are routine greetings，conversation starters or the blank “fillers”.In other words，English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.推理判断题。根据文章第一段前两句可知，作者提到Dr. Johnson的评论是为了阐明“英国人会话通常以天气开始”。1.The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that .
A.most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson
B.Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation
C.the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D.English conversations usually start with the weather√ 答案 解析1234词义猜测题。Bill Bryson认为英国的天气一点也不让人兴奋，而人们见面总是以天气开始谈话，因而这是一种“痴迷，着迷”，是一种情感状态。2.What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?
A.A social trend.
B.An emotional state.
C.A historical concept.
D.An unknown phenomenon.√ 答案 解析12343.According to the passage，Jeremy Paxman believes that .
A.Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B.there is nothing special about the English weather
C.the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D.English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty√ 答案 解析1234细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句话“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves，but in uncertainty.”可知Jeremy Paxman认为对天气谈论的兴趣不在于天气这一现象本身，而在于它的不确定性。4.What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?
A.To explain what English weather-speak is about.
B.To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.
C.To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D.To convince people that the English weather is changeable. 答案1234√写作意图题。本文主要围绕“英国人的会话总是以天气开始的原因”展开的。 解析Ⅱ. 七选五(2016·四川天全中学月考)
Four Ways to Be a Great Roommate
　　Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences in college or, easily, one of the worst. 1 Follow these tips to avoid the common mistakes that turn good roommate relationships sour. 答案 解析E[It all starts with you to have a good relationship with your roommate.]根据上一句“Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences in college or，easily，one of the worst.”可知，有个室友可能是大学最棒的经历也有可能是最糟糕的经历，故选E(这一切要看你怎么开始和室友保持友好关系)。　　·Talk things out.
　　Communication is key. If something happens, sit down with your roommate and have a face-to-face conversation. I’ve seen roommate relationships fall apart because something happens and, instead of talking to each other, the two start complaining about their roommates behind backs. 2 　　 答案 解析B[This creates nothing but awkward situations and unhappiness.]根据上一句“I’ve seen roommate relationships fall apart because something happens and，instead of talking to each other，the two start complaining about their roommates behind backs.”可知选B，指的是如果互相在背后指责对方的话，那么这只会使你们越来越难堪、不开心。　　·Don’t expect to be best friends.
　　Some roommates become the best of friends, and some don’t. Don’t put pressure on yourself or your roommate, especially when you first meet. 3 And if your roommate doesn’t end up being your best friend, don’t worry. 答案 解析G[Remember, you’re trying to make a new friend, not to scare your roommate away.]根据上一句“Don’t put pressure on yourself or your roommate，especially when you first meet.”可知，第一次见面时，不一定就要成为好朋友，不要给双方太多压力，故选G(你是在交朋友，不要把室友吓跑)。　　·Ask before you take.
　　This applies to food, clothes and anything else. If you want to keep a relationship going, show your roommate that you have respect for what is his or hers by asking first. 4 答案 解析C[Even if you both agree to share everything, you should still ask.]根据本段主题“Ask before you take”及根据上一句“If you want to keep a relationship going，show your roommate that you have respect for what is his or hers by asking first.”可知，一定要尊重对方，拿别人东西时一定要询问，故选C(即便你们已同意分享一切，也要先询问)。　　·Clean up after yourself.
　　This should go without saying. Don’t be lazy. Or, at least, don’t bury your roommate in your clothes and garbage. Most people I’ve come across in college are messy. 5 But being considerate with where you put your stuff will help you avoid conflict.[You don’t have all the time to clean your room and keep it organized.]D 答案 解析根据下一句“But being considerate with where you put your stuff will help you avoid conflict.”可知，要把自己的物品放好，故选D(你不需要一直打扫房间使得房间井井有条)，这样才能和下文的But构成一致。A. So you need to think twice before you help your roommate out.
B. This creates nothing but awkward situations and unhappiness.
C. Even if you both agree to share everything, you should still ask.
D. You don’t have all the time to clean your room and keep it organized.
E. It all starts with you to have a good relationship with your roommate.
F. Sometimes you get stuck with someone who has tons of negative energy.
G. Remember, you’re trying to make a new friend, not to scare your
　roommate away.Ⅲ. 完形填空　　I went to a group activity，“Sensiti-vity Sunday”，which was to make us m-ore 1 the problems faced by disabled people.根据空格处后面的“the problems faced by disabled people”可知，活动的目的是为了让我们更加“了解(be aware of)”残疾人面临的问题，故选C项。1.A.curious about B.interested in
C.aware of D.careful with√ 答案 解析We were asked to “ 2 a disability” for several hours one Sunday.根据下文“Some members... chose...Others wore...”及第二段最后一句中的adopting a wheelchair可知，作者被要求“挑选”一种残疾，而不是“治愈、阻止或分析”，故选C项。2.A.cure B.prevent
C.adopt D.analyze√ 答案 解析Some members， 3 ，chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs(耳塞) or blindfolds(眼罩).根据下文可知，作者选择了使用轮椅，故选D项。 答案 解析3.A.instead B.strangely
C.as usual D.like me√　　Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 4 experience.根据后句“I had never considered before how...”和本段最后一句的感慨可知，作者认为坐在轮椅上就是一次“学习”的经历，故选A项。 答案 解析4.A.learning B.working
C.satisfying D.relaxing√I had never considered before how 5 it would be to use one.根据第二段的全段描述可知，活动前作者从未意识到使用轮椅有多么的笨拙，故选B项。 答案 解析5.A.convenient B.awkward
C.boring D.exciting√As soon as I sat down，my 6 made the chair begin to roll.根据“as soon as I sat down”提示，轮子动起来发生的时间是当作者一坐下去的时候，显然能让轮子动起来的不可能是作者的身高、力量或技巧，而是作者的体重，故选D项。 答案 解析6.A.height B.force
C.skill D.weight√Its wheels were not 7 .后句Then提示，本句是对上句轮子为什么会转动的解释，显然因为轮子未被锁住，故选A项。 答案 解析7.A.locked B.repaired
C.powered D.grasped√Then I wondered where to put my 8 .根据下文“费了好长时间我才让金属footrest (脚蹬)归位”可知，这时的作者不知道把自己的脚放在哪里，毕竟是健康人在模拟残疾人的生活，故选B项。 答案 解析8.A.hands B.feet
C.keys D.handles√It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 9 .作者是健康人，他/她刚坐到轮椅上不会驾轻就熟，所以即便将脚蹬归位这样简单的动作，竟然用了很长时间。put...into place把……归位，符合语境。 答案 解析9.A.place B.action
C.play D.effect√I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 10 for several hours.作者参加的是使用轮椅几小时的体验活动，而轮椅是一种交通工具，故最佳答案是C。means of transportation 交通工具，运输方式。 答案 解析10.A.operation B.communication
C.transportation D.production√For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的) 11 .根据第一段可知，作者参加的是残疾体验活动，使用轮椅只不过是个实验，但对残疾人而言，使用轮椅可不再是个实验，而是一辈子的生活，故选C项。 答案 解析11.A.exploration B.education
C.experiment D.entertainment√　　I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful， 13 kind of nice，to be 14 around for a while.根据and后面的“thought it might be restful”可知，作者努力要找一个舒服的姿势，从而使被人推着四处逛逛是件让人放松的事，所以要找的不是“灵活的、安全的或开始的”姿势，故选D项。 答案 解析12.A.flexible B.safe
C.starting D.comfortable√　　I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful， 13 kind of nice，to be 14 around for a while.相比空格前面的restful，空格后面的kind of nice显然递进了一步，所以最佳答案是even，意思是“甚至”。 答案 解析13.A.yet B.just
C.still D.even√　　I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful， 13 kind of nice，to be 14 around for a while.上文的“adopting a wheelchair”提示，作者坐着轮椅，自然希望被人推，而不是开车接送或引导，更不会是被人带领四处逛逛，故选
B项。 答案 解析14.A.shown B.pushed
C.driven D.guided√Looking around，I 15 I would have to handle the thing myself.通过四下张望，“我”自己得搞定这件事是作者意识到的，故选A项。 答案 解析15.A.realized B.suggested
C.agreed D.admitted√My hands started to ache as I 16 the heavy metal wheels.上句中提到作者意识到没人帮他/她推轮椅，只能自己搞定这件事，故选B项。turn转动。 答案 解析16.A.lifted B.turned
C.pressed D.seized√I came to know that controlling the 17 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 18 task.轮椅是一种交通工具，而交通工具最重要的是掌控方向，这是生活常识，故选C项。 答案 解析17.A.path B.position
C.direction D.way√I came to know that controlling the 17 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 18 task.上句提到，拨动沉重的轮子的时候，作者的手开始疼，可推断拨动轮椅不是件容易的工作，故选A项。 答案 解析18.A.easy B.heavy
C.major D.extra√　　My wheelchair experiment was soon 19 .It made a deep impression on me.由后面内容知，作者要感慨残疾人的不易，自然要到体验结束，而不是实验被遗忘、重复或很快实施的时候，故选D项。 答案 解析19.A.forgotten B.repeated
C.conducted D.finished√A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 20 ，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.几个小时的残疾体验，对于作者无论在生理上还是心理上都是一种挑战，而这种挑战是残疾人必须克服的。 答案 解析20.A.weaknesses B.challenges
C.anxieties D.illnesses√ 以上语篇训练之　
素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1.preference n.偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
(1)have a preference 偏爱；更喜欢……
in preference 优先于；胜过
(2)People develop a preference a particular style of learning at an
early age and these preferences affect learning.(填介词)fortofor2.uneasy adj.心神不安的；不稳定的
Still uneasy this digital-wallet business？(填介词)
3.begin with以……开始
(1)to begin with (独立不定式)首先；第一
以……结束
(2)Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer.
让我们从为什么人们愿意做志愿者这个问题开始。(2015·江苏)aboutend with4.fail to do sth.未能做某事
5.have nothing to do with与……无关
(1)have to do with和……有关
(2)John’s success good luck. It is years of hard
work that has made him what he is today.
约翰的成功和好运气没有关系，正是多年的努力工作才使他有了
今天。somethinghas nothing to do with6.put pressure on施压；迫使
(1) pressure在压力下；承受压力
(2)The movements put harmful pressure Grace’s backbone.(填
介词)underonⅡ.句式升级
1.It is widely known that any English conversation begins with the weath-
er.(用非限制性定语从句改写)
→

2.It attracts the English as well as the outsider.(用not only...but also...改写)
→ As is widely known，any English conversation begins with theweather.It attracts not only the outsider but also the English.3.Follow these tips to avoid the common mistakes that turn good roomm-
ate relationships sour.(改为并列句)
→
Follow these tips，and you can avoid the common mistakes that turngood roommate relationships sour.课件80张PPT。Life in the futureBook 5 Unit 3晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇
1.civilization n.文明
2.milestone n.里程碑
3.disastrous adj.灾难性的
4.substitute v.取代
5.innovative adj.创新的
6.advanced science尖端科学
7.technical innovation科技创新
8.sustainable development可持续发展
9.make progress取得进步
10.compared with/to和……相比话题佳作
　　请你(Kate)结合下列要点给你美国的笔友Helen写一封电子邮件，描述你对未来职业的畅想——做一名救死扶伤的医生。
　　1.你的祖父是位名医，是你的榜样；
　　2.医生可以救治伤者，对社会贡献很大；
　　3.你自信可以通过努力成为一名优秀的医生。佳作欣赏
Dear Helen，
　　How is it going? Today I’m writing to share my dream with you.
When I was a little kid，I made up my mind to become a good doctor. My grandfather，who is a famous doctor in our city，is always my idol. I would like to contribute my high medical skills to serving more people. By curing and saving patients，a doctor is able to help more families live a happy life. It is really a noble job for me. Of course，at first I have to pass the entrance examination to a good medical college. With great effort，I believe I can make my dream come true.
　　Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Kate名师点睛
　　本文结构分为三部分：开篇交待写信目的——简述自己的梦想；正文——详细描述自己的梦想，及拥有这个梦想的原因；最后是结束语。文中用定语从句来介绍自己的榜样——我的祖父；用would like to do...表达自己为他人服务的愿望，用“by＋动词-ing”形式表述医生的作用，文中高级词汇有：make up one’s mind to do...，contri-bute...to...，be able to do...，with great effort，come true等。基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力内容索引教材升华　综合运用基础排查　点拨要点A.写作必记单词
1.impression n.印象；感想；印记
(1) v.使……有印象；影响；n.印记，印象
adj.给人深刻印象的
(2)impress sb. sth./impress sth. sb.使某人铭记……
(3)Sedate though they are，rides at this time of day are still very
(impress).(2015·重庆)
(4)My wheelchair experiment was soon finished. It made a deep imp-
ression me.(填介词)1impressimpressivewithonimpressiveon2.previous adj.在前的；早先的
previous 在……之前
3.guide n.指导；向导；导游
vt.指引；指导
(1) n.指导
(2)Practise the guidance of some experienced writers and teac-
hers who can help you with basic writing skills.(填介词)(2014·湖南)
(3)This is a good guide studying birds.(填介词)toguidanceunderin(1)表示“指引某人到某地”习惯用guide sb. into a place，不能用guide sb.to go into a place。
(2)表示“做某事的指南”习惯用a guide in doing sth.，不能用a guide to do sth.。4.surroundings n.周围的事物；环境
(1) v.环绕
adj.周围的
(2)That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from
the (surround) air or water.(2015·北京)
(3)In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree
(surround) by stumps，but in vain.surroundsurroundingsurroundingsurrounded5.tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
(1)If/When neighbors want to get along well with each other，they
have to show their (tolerate).(2014·湖南)
(2)He won’t tolerate anyone (question) his decisions.
(3)He is tolerant small errors.(填介词) tolerancequestioningoftolerate后接动词作宾语时，该动词常用动名词形式。6.lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有；n.缺乏；短缺的东西
(1) adj.没有的；缺乏的
(2)Since she is young，she (缺乏) experience.
(3) (缺乏) confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.
(4)More and more high--rise buildings have been built in big cities
(因缺乏) space.lackingis lacking inA lack offorlack of7.adjustment n.调整；调节
(1) v.调整；调节
(2)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement
with the national soccer reform.(2015·江苏)
(3)Obviously，students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles
their daily schedule.(填介词)(2014·四川)
8. n.沙漠；荒原adjustadjustmentstodesert9.instant n.瞬间；片刻；adj.立即的；立刻的
(1) adv.立即；conj.一……就……
(2)the instant一……就……(引导时间状语从句)
(3)The instant he met Cuddles，he knew he was making the right
choice.
他一遇到Cuddles，他就知道自己做出了正确的选择。instantly10.greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
(1) n.贪吃；贪婪；贪心
(2)be greedy 渴望……
be greedy ...渴望做……greedforto do表示“某人做某事是贪婪的”习惯用It’s greedy of sb.to do sth.，而不能用sb.is greedy to do sth.。B.阅读识记单词
11.aspect n.
12.constant adj.
13.mask n.
14.carriage n.
15.press vi.& vt.
n.
(1)pressure n.
(2)press sb. ...催促某人做……
press sth. sb.敦促某人接受某物方面；层面时常发生的；连续不断的面具；面罩；伪装运输工具；四轮马车；客车按；压；逼迫按；压；印刷；新闻压力to doon16.fasten vt.
The students wrote down their names and fastened them their
breast pockets as I required.(填介词)系牢；扎牢to表示“把某物系于另一物上”，通常与介词to连用。17.flash vt.& vi.
18.switch n.
vt.
switch 打开
switch 关掉
switch 换台；转换频道
19.timetable n. (使)闪光；(使)闪现开关；转换转换onoffover时间表；时刻表20.optimistic adj.
My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic my
future and about what I can do here.(填介词) (2014·安徽)
21.mud n.
muddy adj.
22.swallow vt.
23.material n.
24.recycle vt.
25.goods n. 乐观(主义)的about泥(浆)泥泞的吞下；咽下原料；材料回收利用；再利用货物；商品(1)goods只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词也要用复数。
(2)goods可以与these，many，few等连用，但不与数词连用。若要表示“几件货”，可借用piece。26.representative n.
adj.
represent v.
27.settlement n.
v.解决；安定
28.motivation n. 代表；典型人物典型的；有代表性的代表定居；解决settle动机1. 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续
Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of
next month.
彼得将于下个月底就任旅行社负责人的职位。(2015·陕西)
2. 立刻
at no time
3. (困境后)恢复；完全复原2take upin no time决不be back on one’s feet4. 看不见……
sight of...瞥见……
失明
the sight of一看见……
5. 打扫；横扫
6. (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……lose sight of...catchlose one’s sightatsweep upslide into7. 加速
(1) down 减速
a speed of以……速度
(2)They are broadening the bridge to speed up the flow of traffic.
他们正拓宽桥面来加快车流速度。speed upslowat1.At first my new surroundings .
一开始我周围新的环境让人难以忍受。
2.The air seemed thin， its combination of gases
.
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中氧气剩下的很少。
3. ，my head ached.
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。3were difficult to tolerateas thoughhad littleoxygen leftHit by a lack of fresh air过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等情况，表示被动与完成。使用时应注意两点：一是过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致；二是过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语为被动或完成关系。[将下列句子改为简单句]
(1)Because his business was well managed，it soon took off.

(2)The woman scientist entered the room，who was followed by her
assistants.

(3)He was caught in a heavy rain，so he was late for work again.
Well managed，his business soon took off.The woman scientist entered the room，followed by her assistants.Caught in a heavy rain，he was late for work again.4.However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached
because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
然而，当我们到达了一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多车子
朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
5.Just at that moment I had a “time lag” flashback and saw the area
again in the year AD 2008.
就在这个时候，我得到一次“时间滞后”的闪回，这样就再次看到了
似乎是2008年的那个地方。
6. ，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。what looked likea large marketas it had beenExhausted教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
Li Qiang couldn’t believe that he had traveled to the year AD 3008 in 1. time capsule.
2. this was his first trip，he was worried and 3. ________
(settle) so that he suffered 4. “time lag”.Besides，he was hit by the lack of fresh air.His guide，Wang Ping，who was very 5. (understand)，gave him some green tablets and a mask,6. helped him overcome the 7. (problem).aBecauseunsettledfromunderstandingwhichproblemsThen，Li Qiang experienced something new.He flew above the ground in a hovering carriage.8. (arrive) home，he 9. (show) into a large，bright clean room with a wall of trees.After eating something，he fell sound 10. (sleep) in the bed that was produced from the floor.Arrivingwas shownasleepⅡ.教材与短文改错
It was my first visit a space station considered the most modern in space. Describing as an enormous round plate，it spins slowly in space to imitate a pull of the earth’s gravity.Inside were an exhibition of the more up--to--date inventions of the 31st century.A guide showed us around three stop.In the first stop，I saw the “thoughtpad” used for send messages.∧
toDescribedthewasmoststopsto或I saw the “thoughtpad” used for send messages.sendingIn the second stop，we were on the “environment area”．There was a waste machine which could swallow all the waste availably.The third stop showed us to how the goods were manufactured by robots.inavailableⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于工作)
1.前几年我从事了不同的工作。
2.为了做好工作，我要不断地作出调整。
3.我努力给大家留下好印象。
4.可是我发现难以忍受那些环境， 然后就没有动力工作下去了。
5.从现在起，我将调整心态然后乐观地工作和生活。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用“find＋宾语＋宾补”等结构。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)I took up different jobs in the previous years.In order to do my work well，I had to constantly make adjustments.I tried to leave a good impression but I found the surroundings hard to tolerate and then I lacked motivation for work.From now on，I will adjust my attitude and be optimistic about work and life. 语篇训练　提升能力Ⅰ. 阅读理解Ⅱ . 七选五Ⅲ . 完形填空Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2016·辽宁大连二十中月考)
　　The world is changing so fast that English，perhaps the most worldly of languages，is struggling to keep up.
　　Learners in the future are likely to be much younger. Young children are often said to be better at language learning than older learners but they also have special challenges. Young children don’t usually have the kind of instrumental motivation and determination for learning English that older learners often have. English lessons must therefore be fun and rewarding.　　The reasons why people learn English are also changing. Globaliz-ation is bringing together more people than ever who speak different languages and who are turning to English as the means of communi-cation. The English learners of the future may be less worried about sounding exactly like a native speaker and more concerned about how to use English effectively in cross-cultural communication. We may be hearing more non-native speakers in dialogues and a wider range of the “New Englishes” now used around the world.　　Technology will allow English to come to you，rather than you having to go to a special place to learn English.
　　Learning English has always involved both pain and pleasure，private effort and social activity. Traditional learning provided take-it or leave--it mixes of these as well as of content but in future learners will be able to choose a plan which suits their cultural and psychological dispositions(性情)，or their particular needs at that moment. They，rather than their teachers，will decide how，what and when they will learn.　　Above all，learning English is about communication and an important benefit of learning English is being able to exchange views and make friends with people all over the world. Despite the growing independence of learners，trusted institutions and brand names will remain important.细节理解题。由第二段第三句“Young children don’t usually have the kind of instrumental motivation and determination for learning English that older learners often have.”可知，孩子们在英语学习方面的动力和决心不如年龄大的英语学习者强，故D项正确。1.Compared to older learners，young English learners .
A.are more active in learning
B.are more hard-working in learning
C.have more difficulties in learning
D.have less lasting determination in learning√ 答案 解析1234细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“We may be hearing more non-native speakers in dialogues and a wider range of the ‘New Englishes’ now used around the world.”可以判断，未来将会出现更多种类的英语。2.What can we learn about the future English language?
A.British English will be more popular.
B.American English will be more popular.
C.Most people will speak standard English.
D.Many different kinds of Englishes will appear.√ 答案 解析12343.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Future English lessons will be more interesting.
B.Old people won’t have to learn English in the future.
C.People will pay more attention to English pronunciation.
D.Teachers will play a more important role in one’s English learning.√ 答案 解析1234细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“English lessons must therefore be fun and rewarding.”可以判断未来的英语课程将会更加有趣。4.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Learning English means no pain in the future.
B.English training schools will not be popular with young people in the
future.
C.English learners will become less independent in the future.
D.More attention will be paid to personal needs in English learning in the
future. 答案1234√ 解析1234推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...in future learners will be able to choose a plan which suits their cultural and psychological dispositions(性情)，or their particular needs at that moment.”可判断，在未来将会更加注重个人的特殊需求，英语学习将会更加个性化。Ⅱ. 七选五(2016·江西宜春奉新一中月考)
Facing the Enemies Within
　　We are not born with courage，but neither are we born with fear. Fears，even the most basic ones，can totally destroy our ambitions. Fear can destroy fortunes. Fear can destroy relationships. Fear，if left unchecked，can destroy our lives. Fear is one of the many enemies living inside us. 1 答案 解析C[Let me tell you about two of the other enemies we face from within.]根据下文“The first enemy we face is indecision.”以及“The second enemy inside is doubt.”可知下面介绍我们所面临的两个内在的敌人，故选C。　　The first enemy we face is indecision. Indecision is the thief of oppor-tunity. 2 Take a sword to this enemy. 答案 解析F[It will steal your chances for a better future.]根据上一句“Indecision is the thief of opportunity.”可知它是窃取机会和事业的贼，故选F。　　The second enemy inside is doubt. 3 But you also can’t let doubt take over. Many people doubt the past，doubt the future，doubt each other，doubt the government，doubt the possibilities and doubt the opportunities. Worst of all，they doubt themselves. I’m telling you，doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart. 4 答案 解析A[Sure，there’s room for healthy doubt. You can’t believe everything.]根据上一句“The second enemy inside is doubt.”及下一句“But you also can’t let doubt take over.”可知，选A。　　The second enemy inside is doubt. 3 But you also can’t let doubt take over. Many people doubt the past，doubt the future，doubt each other，doubt the government，doubt the possibilities and doubt the opportunities. Worst of all，they doubt themselves. I’m telling you，doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart. 4 答案 解析E[Doubt is an enemy. Go after it.Get rid of it.]根据前两句“I’m telling you，doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart.”可知，选E。　　Do battle with the enemies.Do battle with your fears. 5 Be courageous in your life and in your pursuit of the things you want and the person you want to become. 答案 解析B[Build your courage to fight what’s holding you back，what’s keeping you from your goals and dreams.]根据前两句“Do battle with the enemies.Do battle with your fears.”可知，选B。A. Sure，there’s room for healthy doubt. You can’t believe everything.
B. Build your courage to fight what’s holding you back，what’s keeping
you from your goals and dreams.
C. Let me tell you about two of the other enemies we face from within.
D. Below are the ways which might be useful for us to overcome our fears.
E. Doubt is an enemy. Go after it. Get rid of it.
F. It will steal your chances for a better future.
G. Some people doubt everything.Ⅲ. 完形填空(2016·江苏扬州中学月考)
　　The New York Times published an ar-ticle recently that shows great regret for the “death of conversation”.It suggests that while technology such as cell phones，e-mails，and Internet posting makes us feel more 1 than ever，they’re also driving us 2 from people around us.receive接受；share分享；connect联系；respect尊敬。句意为：尽管手机、网络等让我们感觉和别人的联系比以前更紧密，但是它们也让我们身边的人远离我们。故选C。1.A.received B.shared
C.connected D.respected √ 答案 解析drive sb. away from...使人远离……，符合语境。故选C。2.A.off B.back
C.away D.down√ 答案 解析(2016·江苏扬州中学月考)
　　The New York Times published an article recently that shows great regret for the “death of conversation”. It suggests that while technology such as cell phones，e-mails，and Internet posting makes us feel more 1 than ever，they’re also driving us 2 from people around us.　　Users get final connectivity 3 the price of 4 face--to--face conversation. Sherry Turkle，author of the article in The New York Times says people are 5 to a different way of being “alone together”.at the price of以……为代价。让 人们以牺牲面对面的交流为代价。故选B。 答案 解析3.A.beyond B.at
C.for D.above√　　Users get final connectivity 3 the price of 4 face--to--face conversation. Sherry Turkle，author of the article in The New York Times says people are 5 to a different way of being “alone together”.见上题解析。sacrifice牺牲，符合语境。 答案 解析4.A.having B.risking
C.sacrificing D.sharing√　　Users get final connectivity 3 the price of 4 face--to--face conversation. Sherry Turkle，author of the article in The New York Times says people are 5 to a different way of being “alone together”.be accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事，符合语境。 答案 解析5.A.related B.committed
C.devoted D.accustomed√　　Actually， 6 text messages or writing micro-blogs allows us to 7 thoughts.人们发送短信及写微博让我们可以交流思想。“发短信”用英语表达为send text messages，故选A。 答案 解析6.A.sending B.getting
C.reading D.taking√　　Actually， 6 text messages or writing micro-blogs allows us to 7 thoughts.见上题解析。exchange thoughts交流思想。 答案 解析7.A.change B.exchange
C.deliver D.raise√　　 　8 bits and pieces of online cannot 9 a “real conversation.” Guo Lan, 19，a freshman English major from Changsha University，said that she would like to hear people’s tone of voice and see their faces in a(n) 10 .此处指虽然短信和网络能让我们交流思想，但是它们并不能真正代替面对面的交流。前后为转折关系，故选D。 答案 解析8.A.So B.And
C.Or D.But√　　 　8 bits and pieces of online cannot 9 a “real conversation.” Guo Lan, 19，a freshman English major from Changsha University，said that she would like to hear people’s tone of voice and see their faces in a(n) 10 .见上题解析。replace代替，符合语境。 答案 解析9.A.indicate B.replace
C.cover D.involve√　　 　8 bits and pieces of online cannot 9 a “real conversation.” Guo Lan, 19，a freshman English major from Changsha University，said that she would like to hear people’s tone of voice and see their faces in a(n) 10 .在对话中听见对方的语调，看见对方的脸。conversation对话，符合语境。 答案 解析10.A.conversation B.computer
C.party D.Internet√“The give and take of ideas in a conversation sharpens our minds，” she said. She also mentions that 11 ourselves in mobile technology reduces our chance of starting conversations with strangers and 12 people.bury sb. in...让某人专注于……。此处指专注网络会让我们失去和陌生人交流以及遇见别人的机会。故选C。 答案 解析11.A.abandoning B.joining
C.burying D.attaching√“The give and take of ideas in a conversation sharpens our minds，” she said. She also mentions that 11 ourselves in mobile technology reduces our chance of starting conversations with strangers and 12 people.见上题解析。meet相遇，相识，符合语境。 答案 解析12.A.interviewing B.introducing
C.knowing D.meeting√　　Turkle mentioned the popular 13 of “I share，therefore I am” among this generation. Liu Xuan，a young writer from Taiwan and psychology graduate from Harvard University，thinks it’s a mindset adopted by most young people.Turkle提出一个很流行的新概念：我分享，我存在。concept概念，符合语境。 答案 解析13.A.feeling B.concept
C.fact D.truth√They are so busy creating or polishing their online persona(网络人格) that they forget how to live a(n) 14 life.人们忙于树立网络人格而忘记了如何过真正的生活。real真实的，符合语境。 答案 解析14.A.colorful B.interesting
C.real D.meaningful√For example，They may 15 more about blogging about attending a party rather than enjoying being 16 .care about在乎，在意。他们在意的是网络上的微博聚会而不是真正聚在一起。故选B。 答案 解析15.A.worry B.care
C.ask D.debate√For example，They may 15 more about blogging about attending a party rather than enjoying being 16 .见上题解析。 答案 解析16.A.there B.out
C.down D.in√　　However，experts remind us th-at it’s unfair to 17 mobile techn-ology.complain抱怨；adore崇拜， 爱慕；worship崇拜，尊崇；blame责备。句意为：然而，专家说责备移动技术是不公平的，因为真正的原因在于我们自身，而不是这些现代化的技术。是我们自己不愿意与人进行面对面的交流。故选D。 答案 解析17.A.complain B.adore
C.worship D.blame√Chen Chen，a sociology expert at China Youth & Children Research Center，points out that it is still owners of gadgets，such as cell phones and tablets，who’re avoiding personal 18 .是装置的主人避免面对面地与人交流。contact交流，符合语境。 答案 解析18.A.information B.space
C.contact D.management√We take advantage of these devices to hide ourselves 19 others.hide...from...把……藏起来，不让……发现。我们利用这些设备来隐藏自己。故选A。 答案 解析19.A.from B.of
C.behind D.under√Texting messages or calling may be a(n) 20 to avoid contact with others，such as having eye contact.“Only by strengthening conversation can we understand each other. Simply throwing away the mobile gadgets is not a solution.” she said.发短信或者打电话只是人们避免与人接触的借口而已。excuse借口，符合语境。 答案 解析20.A.approach B.source
C.result D.excuse√ 以上语篇训练之　
素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1.involve vt.牵涉；涉及；包括；使参与(卷入)……
(1)It was not until I (参与……) student government
that I gained the confidence to handle projects.(2016·浙江)
(2)Being a soldier can involve (get) killed.became involved ingetting动词involve后跟动词时，用动名词形式。2.pursuit n.追求，追赶；爱好
v.追求，追赶；继续；从事
3.conversation n.交谈，会话；交往，交际
The new bucket made conversations with the old one mainly to laugh
at the old one.
新桶和旧桶的对话主要是嘲笑那个旧桶。pursue4.mention vt.提到；说起
(1)Don’t mention .不用谢；没关系。
not to mention更不用说
(2)He mentioned (see) her often.
(3)He never mentioned his girlfriend me.(填介词)itseeingto(1)mention后不跟双宾语，即不能说mention sb. sth.，而要说mention sth.to sb.。
(2)mention后跟动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。5.solution n.解决(办法)；答案；溶液
I have tried very hard to find a solution the problem，but in vain.
(填介词)
6.worst of all最糟糕的是
(1) worst在最坏的情况下
worse /what’s worse更糟的是
(2)Worst of all，I get a larger quantity of homework，compared to them.
最糟糕的是，和他们相比，我有了更多的家庭作业。toatstillⅡ.句式升级
1.Young children are often said to be better at language learning than
older learners.(用it作形式主语改写)
→

2.They，rather than their teachers，will decide how，what and when
they will learn.(用强调句型和not...but...改写)
→
It is often said that young children are better at language learningthan older learners.It is not their teachers but they that will decide how，what and when they will learn.3. ，trusted institutions
and brand names will remain important.(把划线部分改为从句)
→ ，trusted
institutions and brand names will remain important.
4.Fear，if left unchecked，can destroy our lives.(用过去分词短语作状语
改写)
→ Despite the growing independence of learnersThough/Although the learners’ independence is increasingLeft unchecked，fear can destroy our lives.课件80张PPT。Making the newsBook 5 Unit 4晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇
1.cover v.采访；采写
2.headline n.新闻标题；内容提要
3.contributor n.投稿人
4.unforgettable adj.难忘的
5.arrange v.安排
6.take photographs拍照片
7.get a scoop抢独家新闻
8.an exchange visit回访
9.press conference新闻发布会
10.have an eye for对……有鉴别力话题佳作
　　5月1日，高三(3)班的学生志愿者李悦和张华去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫、聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一篇题为“Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly”的新闻报道。
　　1.时间、地点、任务、活动；
　　2.老人们的反应；
　　3.简短评论。佳作欣赏
Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly
　　On May Day，two high school students—Li Yue and Zhang Hua，from Class Three，Grade Three，went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. Upon arriving，Li Yue and Zhang Hua presented the elderly with flowers and fruits. Then，they started working at once，cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. Everything done，they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.　　When they were to leave，the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.名师点睛
　　本文是一篇新闻报道，写作前须先细读给出的内容信息，并据此进行构思和组织语言。通览全文，要点齐全，重点突出，结构合理，语言朴实简洁。文中运用了诸如现在分词短语作状语、独立主格结构、时间状语从句、主语从句等高级句式；同时使用了present sb. with sth.，thank sb. for sth.等高级词汇，使文章亮点纷呈。基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力内容索引教材升华　综合运用基础排查　点拨要点A.写作必记单词
1.assist vt.帮助；协助；援助
(1)His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching
(assist) in class whose creativity would infect other students.
(2016·全国Ⅱ)
(2)Despite his cries no one (来帮助他).
(3)He assisted his father (wash) the car.1assistantcame to his assistanceto wash2.concentrate vi. & vt.集中；聚集
(1) n.专心
(2)Previous generations concentrated getting children to school on
time，fed，dressed and ready to learn.(填介词)(2015·陕西)
(3)With his mind (concentrate) on his work，he didn’t
notice my appearance.
3.assess vt.估价；评定；评估
n.评估；评定concentrationonconcentratedassessment4.inform vt.告知；通知
(1)keep sb. of/about...通知某人……；让某人知道……
(2)The manager put up a notice to keep the staff informed of what to
do this week.
经理贴了个通知以告知大家这周该做什么。
(3)They would inform him any progress they had made.
(填介词)informedof/about(1)inform既不接双宾语，也不用于inform sth.to sb.结构，要表示“告诉某人某情况”，通常用inform sb. of/about sth.。
(2)没有inform sb.to do...结构，可将其中的不定式改为从句。5.accuse vt.指责；控告；谴责
accuse sb. ...(＝charge sb. ...) 指责某人……；控告某人……
6.demand n.需求；要求；vt.强烈要求
(1) adj.要求很高的；费力的
(2)demand sb.to do...要求某人做……
demand有需求的
(3)She demanded that I (pay) for her loss.ofwithdemandingofin(should) paydemand后不接不定式的复合结构，即不能说demand sb.to do...，但可说demand of sb.to do...。7.approve vt.赞成；批准；认可
(1) n.赞成；认可
(2)approve 赞成；同意approvalof不要将汉语的“赞成某人做某事”直译成approve sb.to do...可改为approve of sb.’s/sb. doing sth.。
She didn’t approve of her daughter going out at night.
她不同意女儿晚上出去。8.process vt.加工；处理；n.过程；步骤；程序
As high school students，we run into one difficulty after another
(在……过程中) learning.
9.appointment n.约会；约定；任命
(1)I (和……约会) Dr. Smith，but I need to
change it.in theprocess ofhave an appointment with(2)She asked me where I was staying and next morning she was waiting
at my apartment at the (appoint) time to take me to Disney
World.(2014·安徽)
(3)Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by
a nurse (appoint) to guard her.(2014·浙江)
(4)President Clinton then appointed him the office of director of spe-
echwriting.(填介词)appointedappointedto表示“委任某人担任某职务”时，要分清两种情况：若指的是抽象的职位(如position，office，presidency，chairmanship等)，则用“appoint sb.to＋抽象职位”；若指的是具体的某职位(如headmaster，manager，chairman，president等)，则用“appoint sb.to be/as＋具体职位”。B.阅读识记单词
10.admirable adj.
(1)I admire him his success in business.(填介词)
(2)I have great (admire) for his courage.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的foradmirationadmire后不接双宾语或that引导的宾语从句，也不接带不定式的复合结构。11.submit vt.
12.profession n.
professional adj.
n.
13.colleague n.
14.amateur n.
15.update vt.
16.acquire vt. 递交；呈递(文件等)职业；专业专业的；职业的专业人员同事业余爱好者；外行更新；使现代化获得；取得；学到17.deadline n.
a deadline按时完成
a deadline未按时完成
18.meanwhile adv.
the meanwhile在此期间；与此同时
19.case n.
(1)I’ll be out for some time. In case anything important
(happen)，call me up immediately.最后期限，截止日期meetmiss同时；其间in情况；病例；案例happens/(should) happen(2) (这是常有的事)，she is punctual.
(3)Today，we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English
fail to use the language properly.(填连接词)As is often the casewhere(1)in case可单独使用，也可后接从句；接从句时可用虚拟语气“(should) do”，也可不用虚拟语气。
(2)当case作先行词且定语从句中不缺少主要成分时，要用where引导。20.deliberately adv.
deliberate adj.
21.guilty adj.
(1)guilt n.
(2)He (犯……罪) theft.
22.dilemma n.
a dilemma左右为难故意地故意的犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的罪行is guilt of窘境；(进退两难的)困境in23.gifted adj.
(1)She (有……天赋) creating an atmosphere for her stu-
dents which allows them to communicate freely with each other.
(2)She is a beautiful girl who is gifted language.(填介词)
24.crime n.
criminal n.
adj.
25.department n. 有天赋的；有才华的has a gift forin罪行；犯罪罪犯犯罪的部；部门；处；系26.accurate adj.
27.senior adj.
(1)be senior 比……高级；比……年长
(2)His wife is five years senior to him.(同义句转换)
→His wife .
28.chief adj. ；
n. 精确的；正确的；准确无误的高级的；年长的；高年级的tois senior to him by five years主要的；首席的首领；长官1. 渴望做某事
2. 依靠；依赖
(1)In most cases，they tend to meet a few hours every week
(depend) on their schedules.
(2)You may depend on that he will turn up in time.(填代词)
(3) all depends. I have certain doubts about it.(填代词)2be eager to do sth.depend ondependingitIt/Thatdepend on后跟that从句时，需要在从句前加it。3. 为了(做)……
4. 在……前面
ahead of time提前ahead ofso as to (do sth.)1.Never his first assignment at the office of a
popular English newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家知名的英语报社第一天上班的工作任务。3will Zhou Yang(ZY) forget否定词置于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，not until，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，no sooner...than...，hardly...when...，in no sense，in no way，in no case，by no means，on no account/consideration，at no time，under no circumstances等。 Not until I failed in the exam .
直到考试不及格我才意识到自己已浪费了很多时间。
2.His discussion with his new boss，Hu Xin(HX)， strongly
his life as a journalist.
他与新上司胡昕的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
3.Not only in photography，but I took an amateur
course at university to update my skills.
我不但对摄影感兴趣，而且在大学期间还参加了一个业余课程来提高
我的摄影技术。did I realize how much time I had wastedwas toinfluenceam I interested4. my list of dos and don’ts...
下面是我的行为准则……当here，there，up，down，away，off，now，then，in，out等表示方位或位置变化的副词放在句首，且谓语是表示存在的动词(如lie，live，sit，stand)或come，go，rise等动词，主语是名词时，句子一般要全部倒装，即把谓语动词整个提到主语前。这类句子比自然语序的句子更为生动、形象。但如果主语是代词时，即使把这些词放在句首，也不倒装。Here comes For a moment nothing happened. all shouting together.
有一会儿什么都没有发生，然后传来了众人齐喊的声音。
5.Have you ever had a case someone accused your journalists of ge-
tting the wrong end of the stick?
你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完
全失实？ Then came voiceswhere教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
It is Zhou Yang’s first day at the office of a popular English newspaper.He is excited and eager 1. (go) out on a story on 2. (he) own，but he can’t 3. he isn’t experienced enough.His new boss，Hu Xin，is sharing with him 4. to be a good reporter.to gohisbecausehowTo be a good reporter,5. needs to be curious，6. enables one to ask many different questions and acquire all the information he needs to know.Besides，it’s important for a reporter to have a nose 7. a story，knowing if someone is telling the truth.And while interviewing people，a reporter has to listen to the answers carefully because he has to listen for the 8. (detail) facts and prepare the next question depending on what people say.If 9. (possibly)，a reporter can record the interview in case he might 10. (accuse) of printing lies.onewhichfordetailedpossiblebe accusedⅡ.教材与短文改错
Do you know the writing and printing process for article? First，a journalist goes to an interview to get the informations.Then he does some research to see that the story is true or not.After that，he writes the story used the notes from the interview.The first person which reads his article is an editor from my department. Lately ，the article is given to a native speaker to check the use of English and improve the style. ∧
aninformationwhetherusinghisLaterwhoThe article was approved by the chief editor.All the stories and photos are set and the color negatives for the printing are made them ready. Final ，the first edition of the newspaper is printed.isFinallyⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于职业选择)
1.我的叔叔是一名记者，从他那里，我了解了做记者的一些事情。
2.做一名专业记者很费力但是令人羡慕。
3.你必须要得到最新的消息，编辑报道并在最后期限之前上交。
4.我的父母说我有这方面的天赋并支持我将来做一名记者的决定。
5.我很欣喜他们支持我。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，动名词作主语等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)My uncle is a journalist，from whom I know something about being a journalist.Being a professional journalist is demanding but admirable.You have to acquire the latest information，edit the stories and submit them before the deadline.My parents say I’m gifted for that and approve of my decision to be a journalist in future.I’m very delighted that they support me. 语篇训练　提升能力Ⅰ. 阅读理解Ⅱ . 七选五Ⅲ . 完形填空Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2016·云南师大附中月考)
　　BEIJING—Starting today，all indoor public places and many outdoor public places in Beijing are required to be 100-percent smoke-free，including primary and middle schools，seating areas of sports stadiums and hospitals that treat women or children.　　Those who break the law will face fines of up to 200 yuan(　32)，and owners of the establishment will be fined up to 10,000 yuan. The Bei-jing government is training several thousand inspectors to be responsible for inspecting and issuing fines，and thousands of community volunt-eers will also come to help. But it would be difficult to carry out the law in some areas where smoking is common，such as nightclubs.　　“Relying on punishment to control smoking is not enough. We hope that more smokers are willing to quit not because of strict rules，but because of their awareness of the harm caused by smoking，” said Wang Benjin，deputy director of the Beijing Health Inspection Bureau.
　　China has more than 300 million smokers，and more than 1 million people die each year due to smoking-related diseases. Beijing is home to about 4.2 million smokers，accounting for 23.4 percent of people. They smoke an average of 14.6 cigarettes per day，according to a survey conducted by the Beijing Center for Disease Control last year.　　Just ahead of the regulation taking effect，Beijing MTR Corpora-tion(地铁公司) put up tobacco control posters on all trains on Subway Line 4 as part of the smoke-free campaign by the WHO.
　　“Beijing was honored with the World No Tobacco Day Award for its leadership in adopting a tough new tobacco control law. The award is a wonderful gift to people of Beijing and a wonderful gift to children of Beijing on International Children’s Day—the gift of air free from secon-dhand smoke，” said Shin Young--soo，regional director for the WHO.数字计算题。从第二段第一句“Those who break the law will face fines of up to 200 yuan( 32)，and owners of the establishment will be fined up to 10,000 yuan.”可知违反禁烟令的人罚200元，店主罚10 000元，合计10 200元，故选D。1.If a person smokes in a nightclub，the owner and the person will face fines of up to .
A.200 yuan B.10,000 yuan
C. 32 D.10,200 yuan 答案 解析1234√代词指代题。联系上一句“Beijing is home to about 4.2 million smokers，accounting for 23.4 percent of people.”可知They 指代的是北京的吸烟者，故选B。2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Smokers in China.
B.Smokers in Beijing.
C.Smokers in nightclubs.
D.Smokers who died of smoking-related diseases.√ 答案 解析12343.Which is NOT the benefit of the new tobacco control law?
A.Giving smokers in Beijing a lesson.
B.Limiting the number of smokers in Beijing.
C.Protecting people from breathing secondhand smoke.
D.Getting wonderful gifts on International Children’s Day.√ 答案 解析1234推理判断题。读完全文可以判断出A项“警示吸烟者”，B项“限制吸烟者的数量”，C项“保护人们免受二手烟的危害”，都是北京禁烟令带给人们的好处，故选D。4.We can probably read this passage in .
A.a textbook
B.a newspaper
C.a travel magazine
D.a personal journal 答案1234√文章出处题。从文章开头“BEIJING—Starting today，all indoor public places...”的写作风格可知，这是一篇新闻报道，故选B。 解析Ⅱ. 七选五 Learning English can be a difficult task. While many people learn English in the classroom，the vast majority of English learning takes place outside of it.
　　 1 ，it is important to know how it is used in everyday life. 答案 解析B[To better understand a language]根据该空后的句子可知，要知道在日常生活中如何使用一门语言，就要更好地理解它。这样的表述衔接比较合理，故选B。One of the best things you can do is to read. First ask yourself what you enjoy reading in your native language. If the subject matter is interesting to you，you will be more likely to keep going. Read a variety of different media in English，from magazines to novels. 2 . 答案 解析G[The content and writing styles vary with the group of readers]根据该空前一句可知，阅读英语时选择面要广，因为内容和写作风格因所面向的读者群体而有所不同，故选G。New York Times takes a more formal approach to the English language than somebody’s personal blog.
　　Consider your English level when selecting reading material. 3 ，but do not frustrate yourself needlessly by selecting a complex text. 答案 解析A[Challenge yourself]根据该空后的句子可知，需根据自己的英语水平选择阅读材料，可以挑战自己，但不必选择复杂的文章而使自己沮丧，故选A。You can choose to be a side--by--side reader，with the English text on one page and its translation on the other page，if you have only been studying English for a couple of years.
　　 4 .So do not look up every word you don’t know as you read. 答案 解析F[Your reading goal is to briefly understand what the piece is saying]根据该空后面的信息可知，阅读时查字典会减慢速度而且会使阅读无趣，你要根据已有知识来阅读文章，学会用上下文猜测生词，重要的是了解文章大意，故选F。It will only slow things down and make the reading process much less fun. Instead，rely on what you have already known. When you come across a difficult word or phrase，use context clues to guess at its meaning. Write down or underline any words or phrases you cannot figure out. When you have finished reading，go to your list of new words. Now you can get your dictionary and look them up one by one. 5 . You will be more likely to keep reading the interesting subject.
答案 解析D[Turn them into flash cards，keep them in mind and use them]根据该空前两句可知，阅读后可以查阅和学习单词，并把它们加以运用，故选D。A. Challenge yourself
B. To better understand a language
C. When you want to learn English，try New York Times
D. Turn them into flash cards，keep them in mind and use them
E. Putting a dictionary at hand is a good way of learning English
F. Your reading goal is to briefly understand what the piece is saying
G. The content and writing styles vary with the group of readersⅢ. 完形填空(2016·吉林扶余一中月考)
　　Janelle used the phone of the helpful woman to call Cliff. Cliff played golf with a medical doctor almost every Saturday.
Cliff， 1 but glad his wife was alive，said he would be there 2 .surprised吃惊的；angry愤怒的，生气的；unbelievable难以置信的；rough粗糙的，艰苦的。Cliff很生气，但是也很高兴他的妻子还活着。根据下文可知，他的妻子被人袭击。所以他的反应应该是生气。故选B项。1.A.surprised B.angry
C.unbelievable D.rough√ 答案 解析(2016·吉林扶余一中月考)
　　Janelle used the phone of the helpful woman to call Cliff. Cliff played golf with a medical doctor almost every Saturday.
Cliff， 1 but glad his wife was alive，said he would be there 2 .shortly立刻，马上；gladly高兴地；suddenly突然；entirely全部。根据常识可知，Cliff的妻子被人袭击，他接到电话后，说的应该是“马上就到”。故选A。2.A.shortly B.gladly
C.suddenly D.entirely√ 答案 解析own自己的；other其他的；rest剩下的；spare备用的，多余的。车钥匙在被偷的钱包里，所以这里是拿备用的车钥匙。故选D。3.A.own B.other
C.rest D.spare√ 答案 解析She told him to bring their son and her 3 set of car keys，because her keys were in the 4 purse.missing失踪的；broken破损的；stolen被偷走的；damaged被损坏的。根据前文可知，钥匙在被偷走的钱包里。故选C。4.A.missing B.broken
C.stolen D.damaged√ 答案 解析She told him to bring their son and her 3 set of car keys，because her keys were in the 4 purse.Cliff and Donovan arrived just before the police officer finished 5 his report.make out辨别出，理解；set out出发，暴露；put out熄灭；fill out填写。警察询问情况，填完报告。故选D。 答案 解析5.A.making out B.setting out
C.putting out D.filling out√Cliff 6 his wife gently. He told Donovan to drive home in Janelle’s car.shake晃动；hug拥抱；help帮助；place放。Cliff轻轻地拥抱他的妻子。故选B。 答案 解析6.A.shook B.hugged
C.helped D.placed√Cliff then asked the officer what the 7 were of catching the attackers.chance可能性；robber强劫犯；police警察；thing事物。根据下一段内容可知，此处为Cliff问警察抓住抢劫犯的可能性有多大。故选A。 答案 解析7.A.chances B.robbers
C.police D.things√　　The officer told Cliff that 8 like this happened daily throughout south-ern California.criminal罪犯；robbery抢劫；situation情形，情况；scene场景。根据下文中的attackers及the two thugs可知选B。警察说像这样的抢劫在加利福尼亚南部每天都会发生。 答案 解析8.A.criminals B.robberies
C.situations D.scenes√Cliff 9 the officer what could be done.“I know this sounds ridiculo-us(可笑)，but we police can 10 prot-ect you law-abiding(守法的) citizens.inform通知；suggest建议；ask问；argue争论。Cliff问警察能做点什么。故选C。 答案 解析9.A.informed B.suggested
C.asked D.argued√Cliff 9 the officer what could be done.“I know this sounds ridiculo-us(可笑)，but we police can 10 prot-ect you law-abiding(守法的) citizens.or else否则；sort of有点；no longer不再；less than 少于。警察说抢劫犯太多，所以保护不了守法的公民。故选C。 答案 解析10.A.or else B.sort of
C.no longer D.less than √There are simply too many criminals.
Tell all your 11 relatives and friends one thing：Don’t go anywhere alone，day or night.male男性；close亲密的；familiar熟悉的；female女性。根据下文的介绍有woman一词，说明女性一个人不要外出。故选D。 答案 解析11.A.male B.close
C.familiar D.female√A woman by herself，even 12 ，might as well be carrying a bright neon(霓虹灯) sign that 13 ： ‘Victim here—Come and get me！’in public当众；at home在家；in secret秘密地；in need需要。一个女人甚至在公共场合，也可能会很显眼。故选A。 答案 解析12.A.in public B.at home
C.in secret D.in need√A woman by herself，even 12 ，might as well be carrying a bright neon(霓虹灯) sign that 13 ： ‘Victim here—Come and get me！’牌子上写着什么，用say。故选C。 答案 解析13.A.writes B.tells
C.says D.shows√I’m not 14 to be telling you this，because 15 the word gets out，tourism will suffer in southern California.” permit准许；adjust调整；advise建议；suppose假定。be supposed to应该。我不应该这么说。故选D。 答案 解析14.A.permitted B.adjusted
C.advised D.supposed√I’m not 14 to be telling you this，because 15 the word gets out，tourism will suffer in southern California.” whether是否；how如何；if如果，是否；why为什么。因为这些话泄露出去，加利福尼亚南部的旅游业就会受创。故选C。 答案 解析15.A.whether B.how
C.if D.why√　　The officer asked Janelle to 16 the police report.sign签字；carry携带；make使；break打破。警察让Janelle在报告上签字。故选A。 答案 解析16.A.sign B.carry
C.make D.break√He wished her a speedy 17 ，and promised to do his best to help put the attackers behind bars.move移动；recovery恢复；sense感官，意识；travel旅行。警察希望她能很快恢复，并承诺尽快将抢劫犯绳之以法。故选B。 答案 解析17.A.move B.recovery
C.sense D.travel√He 18 both of them that the two thugs(暴徒) now had their credit cards，address，car keys，and house keys.tell告诉；believe相信；guess推测；remind提醒。他提醒他们那两个暴徒现在有了他们的信用卡、地址、车钥匙和房子钥匙。故选D。 答案 解析18.A.told B.believed
C.guessed D.reminded√He suggested that they make the appropriate phone calls， 19 the locks to their house，and get new keys for her car.get得到；keep保持；change换；repair修。他建议他们家换房子和车的钥匙。故选C。 答案 解析19.A.get B.keep
C.change D.repair√Cliff told the officer that a couple of his friends were at his house，with guns， 20 for intruders. Cliff and Janelle thanked the officer and the helpful woman. Cliff drove Janelle straight toward their family doctor.search for搜查；watch for监视；take...for 把……当作……；wait for等待。有朋友在他们家拿着枪等候着入侵者。故选B。 答案 解析20.A.searching B.watching
C.taking D.waiting√ 以上语篇训练之　
素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1.fine n. & vt.罚款
He was fined 5 speeding.(填介词)for2.frustrate vt.挫败；阻挠；使受挫折
(1)be at/with对……感到沮丧
(2)It’s (令人沮丧的) to wait all day for a repairman who
doesn’t show up.frustratedfrustrating3.take effect生效，奏效
have an effect 对……有影响
bring/carry/put sth. effect开始实施
4.outside of在……外面oninto在美国英语中通常将介词outside写成outside of。Outside (of) the station a car was waiting.车站外面有一辆车在等着。5.rely on依赖；依靠
(1)They rely on the kindness of strangers (make) that happen.
(2014·福建)
(2)You may rely on that he will come to meet you.(填代词)
6.might/may as well do...不妨做……；还是做……好
7.sort of有点
sort 整理；清理
一种；某种to makeitouta sort ofⅡ.句式升级
1.The Beijing government is training several thousand inspectors to be
responsible for inspecting and issuing fines，and thousands of comm-
unity volunteers will also come to help.(用with复合结构改写)
→

The Beijing government is training several thousand inspectors tobe responsible for inspecting and issuing fines，with thousands ofcommunity volunteers also coming to help.2.If the subject matter is interesting to you，you will be more likely to
keep going.(用独立主格结构改写)
→

3.You will be more likely to keep reading the interesting subject.(用it作形
式主语改写)
→ The subject matter being interesting to you，you will be more likely tokeep going.It is more likely that you will keep reading the interesting subject.课件76张PPT。First aidBook 5 Unit 5晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇
1.victim n.受害者
2.bleeding n.流血
3.slippery adj.滑的
4.first aid skills急救技能
5.turn/go white变白
6.rescue breathing人工呼吸
7.be under treatment在治疗中
8.stick to粘住
9.out of place不适当
10.check for a pulse检查脉搏话题佳作
　　假如你是李华，是你校英语校报的小记者，近期校报开设了“急救知识”专栏，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语新闻稿，介绍被动物咬伤后如何进行急救。
　　1.先在流动的冷水下冲洗伤口若干分钟；
　　2.冲洗之后用酒精(alcohol)继续擦洗伤口；
　　3.伤口不宜包扎，尽量暴露伤口；
　　4.立即去医院注射狂犬疫苗(rabies vaccine)。佳作欣赏
　　Knowing a knowledge of first aid makes a difference to one’s life. If you’re bitten by an animal，here are some ways for you to deal with the wound.
　　First，you should wash the wound with cold running water for several minutes as soon as possible. After that，you should continue scrubbing the wound using alcohol to prevent it from being infected with bacteria. What’s more，you’d better not bandage the wound，leaving it exposed to the air as much as possible. The most important thing to do is go to a hospital imm-ediately to inject rabies vaccine.
　　Remember these tips and maybe you will save others’ lives some day.名师点睛
　　此类说明文多用到祈使句，但本文在表达的过程中尽量使用了一些复杂句代替，这是一个非常好的做法。其时态、语态均使用准确。而且非谓语动词也能运用自如，如using alcohol to prevent it from being infected with bacteria及leaving it exposed to the air as much as possible等；同时擅长运用句型、连接词来增加文章表达的多样性和连贯性，如first，after that，what’s more，the most important thing...等的使用。基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力内容索引教材升华　综合运用基础排查　点拨要点A.写作必记单词
1.aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助
(1) aid of作为……的帮助；为了……
the aid of在……帮助下
come/go to sb.’s aid来(去)帮助某人
(2)I aided him (manage) the factory.
2.poison n.毒药；毒害；vt.毒害；使中毒
adj.有毒的1inwithto managepoisonous3.variety n.变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
v.变化
adj.各种各样的varyvariousa variety of各种各样的，后接名词作主语时，谓语动词原则上与它所修饰的名词的数保持一致；the variety of……的种类，后接名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。A variety of animals survive there.
那里存留下来许多品种的动物。
There was a variety of fruit in the shop.
商店里有各种各样的水果。
The variety of goods in this shop is rich.
这家商店的货物品种丰富。4. adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的
5. adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的
adv.坚固地；稳定地
6. n.典礼；仪式；礼节
7.bravery n.勇敢；勇气
adj.勇敢的tightfirmfirmlyceremonybrave8.treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待；n.款待；招待
(1)treat... ...把……看作……
(2)Now，electric shock training and medical (treat) are
helping to rescue these big birds.(2016·北京)
(3)My friend treated me a birthday dinner.(填介词)
9.apply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用；vi.申请；请求；使用；有效
(1)apply sb. ...向某人申请……
apply oneself 专心于；专注……
apply to适用于，应用于astreatmenttotoforto (2)I’ve finished the (apply) form and personal resume.
(2016·全国Ⅰ)
(3)The book doesn’t apply beginners.(填介词)
(4)She applied herself to (learn) English.
10. n.压力；挤压；压迫(感)
v.(被)压，按applicationtolearningpressurepressB.阅读识记单词
11.temporary adj.
12.injury n.
v.损伤；伤害
adj.受伤的
13.bleed vi. & vt.
bleeding n.
14.choke vt. & vi. 暂时的；临时的损伤；伤害injureinjured流血流血(使)噎住；(使)窒息15.barrier n.
The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers
trade between them.(填介词)(2014·天津)
16.complex adj.
17.mild adj.
18.heal vt. & vi.
19.scissors n.
20.unbearable adj.
21.basin n. 屏障；障碍(物)to复杂的轻微的；温和的；温柔的(使)康复；(使)化解剪刀难以忍受的；不能容忍的盆；盆地22.vital adj.
It is vital that schools (teach) students to use computer
technology.
23.symptom n.
24.wrist n.
25.damp adj.
26.throat n.
27.ambulance n. 至关重要的；生死攸关的(should) teach症状；征兆手腕潮湿的咽喉；喉咙救护车1. 生病
2. 触电；电休克
3. 榨出；挤出
4. 反复；多次2fall illelectric shocksqueeze outover and over again5. 在适当的位置；适当
(1) place不合适的；不恰当的
(2)Firstly I collected all the books，newspapers and other things scatt-
ered in the rooms and put them in place.
首先，我把散落在这个房间里所有的书、报纸和其他东西都收集起
来，并把它们放在适当的位置。in placeout of6. 若干；许多
……的数量
7. 找到
8. 起(重要)作用；有影响；区别对待
(1) makes no difference to me whether he comes here or not.(填代词)
(2)Your age shouldn’t make any difference whether you get the job
or not.(填介词)a number ofthe number ofput one’s hands onmake a differenceItto1.The functions of your skin are also very complex：it keeps you warm
or cool；it prevents your body from losing too much water；it is
，heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.
皮肤的功能十分复杂。皮肤可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分；正是皮
肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。
2.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary .
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。如果需要的话，可以
使用剪刀。3whereyou feel coldunless it is stuck to the burn(1)unless除非；如果不，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
It is so cold that you can’t go outside unless fully (cover) in thick clothes.(2015·江苏)covered3.If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，
.
如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的
位置。
4.John in his room he heard screaming.
约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。if po-ssiblewas studyingwhenwhen作并列连词，意为“此时；这时”，用于下列句型中：
(1)be doing...when...正在做……这时……
(2)be about to do...when...正要做……此时……
(3)had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
(4)be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… (1)We in the lake when suddenly the storm started.
我们正在湖里游泳这时突然暴风雨来了。
(2)She her homework when her mother asked her
to practise playing the piano yesterday.
昨天她刚刚完成作业这时母亲叫她练习弹钢琴。
5. John’s quick thinking and the first aid
skills he learned at school saved Ms. Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术使得斯莱德
女士得救了。were swimminghad just finishedThere is no doubt that教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
First aid is the kind of help 1. (give) to someone who falls ill or gets injured 2. a doctor can be found.Of course，the illness or injury is not serious.
Now let’s talk about first aid for burns.You have three layers of skin that protect 3. (you) against disease，poisons and the 4. (harm) rays from the sun.Your skin also gives you your sense of touch. First aid is a very important step in the treatment of burns. givenbeforeyourselfharmfulPeople can get burned by many things,5. as hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.6. are three types of burns，which 7. (call) first，second or third degree burns, 8. (depend) on which layers of the skin are burned.Different degree burns can be treated in 9. different way.Let’s keep these things 10. mind.Thereare calleddependingainsuchⅡ.教材与短文改错
John Janson，a seventeen-years -old teenager，was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night.He was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognizing the bravery of ten people.All of us had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room while he heard screaming. yearrecognizedthemwhenHe discover that Anne Slade，mother of three，had been stabbed repeated with a knife. This was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that had saved Ms. Slade’s life.He is proud of that he did.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make real difference.what∧
aItdiscoveredrepeatedlyⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于急救)
1.毫无疑问，懂得一些急救知识至关重要，因为危险无处不在，事故时时发生。
2.例如，我们经常切伤我们的手。
3.手流血时，一定要及时处理。
4.如果伤口不严重，紧紧按住伤口，很快就不流血了。
5.如果伤口很深，先用绷带包扎，然后让医生敷药治疗。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用there is no doubt that...，条件状语从句等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)There is no doubt that it is vital to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.For example，we often cut our hand.When it bleeds，treat it in time.If the cut is not serious，press it firmly and soon it will stop bleeding.If the cut is deep，first tie a bandage around it.Then ask a doctor to apply medicine to it. 语篇训练　提升能力Ⅰ. 阅读理解Ⅱ . 七选五Ⅲ . 完形填空Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2016·湖南衡阳八中月考)
　　Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos(1969) suggested that primitive(原始的) humans were closer to the animals because they，too，relied upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans recognized a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating(减轻) symptoms of a disease or improving the condition of a wound.Since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body，magic became an integral component(不可或缺的成分) of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders. So it is not surprising that early humans thought that illness was caused by evil spirits. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were always used in combination with some form of ritual(礼仪) to drive harmful spirits away from a diseased body.　　One of the earliest attempts in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational(理性的) thought and rejection of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. Little is known of Hippocrates who lived around 400 B.C.，not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name. Nevertheless，the writings attributed to him have provided a number of principles underlying modern medical practice. One of his most famous contributions，the Hippocratic Oath，is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics(道德).Among other things，it requires a physician to swear that he or she will help the sick，keep oneself from intentional wrong-doing or harm，and keep secret all matters to keep the doctor-patient relationship.　　Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived(源自于) from an understanding of the natural sciences and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this classic thesis(论点)，On Airs，Waters，and Places，Hippocrates pointed out that human-being is influenced by the totality of environmental factors: living habits or lifestyle，climate，geography of the land，and the quality of air and food. Interesting enough，concerns about our health and the quality of air，water，and places are still very much written in the twentieth century.推理判断题。第一段主要告诉我们对于人类行为和健康之间关系的研究在古代就已经开始了，所以第一句“Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history.”是这一段的中心句。故A正确。1.The topic of the first paragraph is summarized in .
A.Sentence 1 B.Sentence 2
C.Sentence 3 D.the last sentence√ 答案 解析12342.Why did primitive humans rely on magic in their beliefs about the causes and cures of diseases?
A.Because magic was an inseparable part of their life.
B.Because they had little knowledge about the body.
C.Because the diseases were caused by the evil spirits.
D.Because magic must be used in going through the rituals to drive out the
evil spirits.√ 答案 解析1234细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body，magic became an integral component(不可或缺的成分) of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders.”可知正是因为人们对于自己的身体很不了解，所以才会相信有超自然的力量存在。故B正确。12343.Considering Hippocrates’ background，we can see from the second paragraph that .
A.he was the forefather of modern medicine
B.experts are sure that the books bearing his name were not written by him
C.he had a rational mind aided by supernatural instincts
D.experts do not know much about him except when and where he lived√ 答案 解析1234细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Little is known of Hippocrates who lived around 400 B.C.，not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name.”可知，人们对于Hippocrates几乎是一无所知，故D正确。4.All of the following are included in the Hippocratic Oath EXCEPT .
A.helping patients
B.keeping oneself from harming patients
C.keeping secret all matters to maintain a good relationship with the
patients
D.obeying rules for modern medicine practice 答案1234√ 解析1234细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Among other things，it requires a physician to swear that he or she will help the sick，keep oneself from intentional wrong-doing or harm，and keep secret all matters to keep the doctor-patient relationship.”可知A、B、C三项内容在文章中都有所涉及，只有D项没有谈到，故选D项。Ⅱ. 七选五　　As a father who works outside the home，I recognize that it is easy for me to get caught up in stress at work. Indeed，sometimes it is difficult to turn off my work focus and turn on my family focus so that I can come home and be the loving husband my wife needs and the playful father my kids want. 1 Good fathers provide stability and strength to the family. 答案 解析A[Fathers have such an important and irreplaceable role in the family.]前句提出：作为一个男人，既要做好工作又要做一个好丈夫和好父亲很难。后句提到：好父亲为家庭提供稳定和力量。由此判断空格处要提到父亲对一个家庭的重要性，而A选项的意思(父亲在家庭中有着如此重要和不可替代的作用。)恰好符合语境，起到承接作用，故选A。As fathers，we do not let the pressures and worries of work get in the way of being there for our kids. 2 答案 解析D[Here are some thoughts to help fathers keep their little ones in mind.]前文提到父亲对于家庭的重要性。下文又提出三条，由此可知这里是给父亲支招，所以D选项(这里有一些想法可以帮助父亲们把孩子记在心间。)符合语境。　　· 3 It doesn’t need to be a lot of time，but if you are able，have one-on-one time with each of your kids. 答案 解析G[Make a plan to spend time each day with your kids.]空后的意思是：不需要很多时间，但如果你能，还是要和孩子有一对一的时间。由此判断G选项(计划一下每天陪孩子的时间。)和下文意思一致。　　·Be goofy(滑稽的) with your kids. The more voices you do，the more expressive you are when you play with them，the more they will feel your love and your acceptance of them.
　　·Spend time reading to them. Allow your kids to choose a book and spend time reading some of it to them before bed. If you put more effort into it，they will feel your love more. 4 答案 解析C[Reading stories is an excellent time for dads to practice voice imitations.]前文的意思是：花些时间阅读。比如睡前给孩子读一些书。而C选项的意思(读故事是一个父亲练习模仿声音的很好的时间。)与前文意思一致，故选C。　　As a therapist(临床医学家) who works with children and their families，I have noticed that the better the relationship that a father has with his child，the more influence that father will have on his child. As fathers work on developing a strong link with their kids through positive interactions，they can have a positive effect in the lives of their children. 5 答案 解析F[And the confidence can give their children a great advantage to succeed in the future.]前文的意思是：良好的父子互动会使父亲和孩子的关系密切，对孩子以后的生活有积极的影响。而F选项(自信心能使他们的孩子未来很可能取得成功。)与前文意思一致，故选F。A. Fathers have such an important and irreplaceable role in the family.
B. Sometimes books can help you deal with children.
C. Reading stories is an excellent time for dads to practice voice imitations.
D. Here are some thoughts to help fathers keep their little ones in mind.
E. As a father he must involve hardships in all his life.
F. And the confidence can give their children a great advantage to succeed in the future.
G. Make a plan to spend time each day with your kids.Ⅲ. 完形填空(2016·江苏运河中学月考)
　　Teaching second grade is always a challenge. Each student arrives at school with his own needs and difficulties. One year a student called Billy 1 me with his behavior as well as his academic requirements.根据文章的首句和下文可知，Billy同学给“我”带来了“挑战”，故选A。1.A.challenged B.cheated
C.benefited D.betrayed√ 答案 解析从本句中的“often became angry or violent”可知，他的情绪常常“难以控制”。故选B。第一段最后一句中的“his emotions needed controlling”也是提示。2.A.unforgettable B.uncontrollable
C.unconscious D.unfortunate√ 答案 解析He struggled daily with his 2 emoti-ons and often became angry or violent. I knew that，to make 3 progress，his emotions needed controlling.从上文中的academic requirements可知，他的学习成绩也不好，因此他要在学习上(academic)取得进步，就必须控制好他的情绪。故选C。3.A.physical B.mental
C.academic D.authentic√ 答案 解析He struggled daily with his 2 emoti-ons and often became angry or violent. I knew that，to make 3 progress，his emotions needed controlling.　　One 4 I tried to help Billy was to have him come directly into the classroom when he arrived at school.从本段内容可知，作者在叙述他帮助Billy的“方法”。故选D。 答案 解析4.A.advantage B.agenda
C.reason D.way√Billy’s mom would 5 me to alert(警告) me to a particularly emotional morning at home.这里指Billy的母亲给老师“打电话”，告知老师Billy早晨在家时有不好的情绪。故选B。 答案 解析5.A.awake B.call
C.visit D.sign√Then，I would focus on 6 his anger and calming him down before the other students arrived.Billy到校后，老师通常会想方设法让他释放怒气。故选C。 答案 解析6.A.tolerating B.observing
C.relieving D.ignoring√　　One week our class was studying 7 .I thought one way to bring learning into the classroom was to bring my dog Rocky to school for the day.根据空后的dog及下一段的内容可知，他们要学习“宠物”。故选B。 答案 解析7.A.emotions B.pets
C.botany D.diet√　　That day began as normal.I was preparing activities focused on dog themes 8 I was told that Billy had a 9 morning at home and I might need to get him 10 .be doing...when...是一个常见的结构，意思是“正在做……这时……”。故选C。 答案 解析8.A.after B.as
C.when D.before√　　That day began as normal.I was preparing activities focused on dog themes 8 I was told that Billy had a 9 morning at home and I might need to get him 10 .从第二段可知，每当Billy在家里情绪不好时，作者就会接到电话通知。故选D。 答案 解析9.A.boring B.fantastic
C.busy D.rough√　　That day began as normal.I was preparing activities focused on dog themes 8 I was told that Billy had a 9 morning at home and I might need to get him 10 .根据第二段可知，每当这时作者都要帮他释放怒气，并且让他安定下来。本题中的get him settled就是此意。故选A。 答案 解析10.A.settled B.punished
C.treated D.excited√As I was talking to his mom，Billy 11 into the classroom.To Billy’s 12 ，Rocky immediately ran up to his new 13 ，wagging his tail and licking Bil-ly’s face with doggy affection.Billy couldn’t 14 Rocky’s charm(魅力) and began laughing as his anger mel-ted away.storm into冲进来。故选B。 答案 解析11.A.fled B.stormed
C.jogged D.floated√As I was talking to his mom，Billy 11 into the classroom.To Billy’s 12 ，Rocky immediately ran up to his new 13 ，wagging his tail and licking Bil-ly’s face with doggy affection.Billy couldn’t 14 Rocky’s charm(魅力) and began laughing as his anger mel-ted away.Rocky跑到Billy跟前，和他“亲热”，这出乎Billy的预料，让他很惊奇。故选A。 答案 解析12.A.surprise B.delight
C.shame D.fear√As I was talking to his mom，Billy 11 into the classroom.To Billy’s 12 ，Rocky immediately ran up to his new 13 ，wagging his tail and licking Bil-ly’s face with doggy affection.Billy couldn’t 14 Rocky’s charm(魅力) and began laughing as his anger mel-ted away.狗把Billy当作“朋友”。故选C。 答案 解析13.A.protector B.trainer
C.friend D.owner√As I was talking to his mom，Billy 11 into the classroom.To Billy’s 12 ，Rocky immediately ran up to his new 13 ，wagging his tail and licking Bil-ly’s face with doggy affection.Billy couldn’t 14 Rocky’s charm(魅力) and began laughing as his anger mel-ted away.couldn’t resist...无法拒绝……，抑制不住……。故选A。 答案 解析14.A.resist B.describe
C.reduce D.forget√　　Throughout the day，Billy never left Rocky’s side，feeding him，being gentle with him and even 15 the other students while Rocky was sleeping.Billy在Rocky休息时让其他同学“安静”下来。故选D。 答案 解析15.A.educating B.envying
C.comforting D.quieting√　　Billy was known for doing anyth-ing he could to avoid 16 ，but on this day he found a good dog story，“Cli-fford’s Puppy Days”，and read it to Rocky.Billy不读书是出了名的，可是今天却一反常态，找了一个有关狗的故事读给Rocky听。故选B。 答案 解析16.A.exploding B.reading
C.arguing D.apologizing√How 17 I was at the sight of Billy reading happily！My little dog was able to 18 Billy’s day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter，gentleness and 19 .看到Billy如此高兴地读书，“我”当然感到很“惊讶”，故选A。 答案 解析17.A.surprised B.disappointed
C.amused D.confused√How 17 I was at the sight of Billy reading happily！My little dog was able to 18 Billy’s day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter，gentleness and 19 .小狗居然让原本情绪不好的Billy转怒为喜。transform...from...to把……从……转变成……。故选C。 答案 解析18.A.urge B.shorten
C.transform D.expand√How 17 I was at the sight of Billy reading happily！My little dog was able to 18 Billy’s day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter，gentleness and 19 .从laughter和gentleness可以判断应该选择love，体现了Billy对小狗的关爱之心。故选D。 答案 解析19.A.admiration B.curiosity
C.anxiety D.love√　　That day Rocky more than helped me with my 20 ； he helped to chan-ge the life of a child! After that Billy’s behavior definitely improved.根据第三段可知，作者原本是把狗带来进行“教学”的。故选B。 答案 解析20.A.family B.teaching
C.housework D.performance√ 以上语篇训练之　
素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1.primitive adj.原始的；落后的
2.nevertheless adv.不过；然而；尽管如此
3.attribute vt.认为……是；把……归于
(1)attribute... 把……归因于……
(2)An increase in students applying to study economics at university is
(归因于) the global economic crisis awakening
a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.
(3)His great age is attributed to (eat) properly.tobeing attributed toeating4.academic adj.学院的；学术的
5.alert adj.警觉的；注意的；活泼的；n.警报；警戒状态；vt.向……报警
alert sb. sth.警告某人注意某事
the alert for警戒着；密切注意toon6.affection n.喜爱；感情
have an affection 喜爱……
7.get in the way of阻碍某事；防止某事发生
the way of...养成做某事的习惯
go out of one’s way to do...不怕麻烦做……forget intoⅡ.句式升级
1.Since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand
about the functioning of the body，magic became an integral
component of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders.
(把划线部分改为独立主格结构)
→__________________________________________________________
_____________________________，magic became an integral
component of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders.There being so much that primitive humans did not understandabout the functioning of the body2.So it is not surprising that early humans thought that illness was
caused by evil spirits.(改为“it is ＋形容词＋不定式”结构)
→___________________________________________________________
____________.So it is not surprising for early humans to think that illness wascausedby evil spirits3.If you put more effort into it，they will feel your love more.(用“the＋
比较级，the＋比较级”结构改写)
→ The more effort you put into it，the more they will feel your love.