中考复习----被动语态

课件24张PPT。中考复习
---被动语态Passive voice What is the Passive Voice? 英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态 (the Active Voice)
被动语态(the Passive Voice)What is it?A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 StudentA cleaned the blackboard.The blackboard was cleaned by studentA
.How to change主动语态转化为被动语态的三部曲:1.主动结构宾语变为被动结构主语。2.谓语动词变为被动语态。3.主动结构主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介 词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动词执行者无须说明或强调时，by短语可以省略。主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变，
原主变宾by后见，
时态人称be关键。StudentA cleaned the blackboard today.主谓宾(受动者)Theblackboard wascleaned by Student A todayHow to use it?When to use it? （1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或 没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
（2）当我们需要强调动作承受者，而不是
动作的执行者。
这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的) 。这些恐龙蛋是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。
（强调恐龙蛋被发现而不是强调由谁发现） The dictionary is well kept. These dinosaur eggs were found in the 1920s.(3)汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… … It is well known that …
据推测说… … It is supposed that … the Structure is助动词be+及物动词的过去分词
(be+V.P.P) 以 be为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone主动语态变为被动语态时注意含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:
(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:
(2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for.
He gave the boy an apple. →
An apple was given to the boy.
The boy was given an apple
(give, pass, show, send--- to )
(buy, draw, make, ----for )2.He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch…)
3.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个
整体，不可把它们分隔开来。4. 用主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况： （1）一些由及物动词转化而来的不及物 动词加well, easily等副词，如：clean, read, sell, wash, write, cook, cut等。e.g. 1.This shirt _________ ( clean ) easily.
2.Her novels ________ ( sell ) well.
3. The new pen ________ ( write ) well.cleanssellwrites（2）某些感观动词和系动词加形容词作表语，如：feel, look, smell, sound, taste等.eg. 1.The water _______ (feel) very cold.
2. The food ______ ( taste) very delicious. (3)表示开始、结束、持续、发生等的动词，如：begin, close, end, open, last, happen, take place 1.The meeting _____ (last) two hours yesterday.
2.Great changes ______________( take place) in the past 10 years.

feelstasteslastedhave taken place
注意被动语态中介词的搭配： 1. All the chairs in the room are made
_______wood.
2. The wine is made ________ grapes.
3. The machine was made __________ Uncle Wang.
4. This kind of bike is made____China.
5. The radio is used _____ Mike ____ learning English.
offrombyinbyfor
6. English is used____the second language
in some countries.
7. Some of the letters are written _____ French.
8. The song was written _____a teacher.
9. The article was written _____ a pen.
asinbywith中考挑战中考被动语态考题
1.The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty thing
into it.(南京市中考题）
A be stopped to throw
B be stopped from throwing
C stop to throw
D stop from throwing

2.This book __ often __from the library.(北京市中考题）
A aren’t take away B taken away
C isn’t taken away D be taken away
3.He ____ _____ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）
was told5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题）
—— —— —— another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态
7.People there planted many trees last year.
Trees _____ _____ by people there last year.
(青岛市中考题）
8. They grow vegetables on the farm.
The vegetables _______ ______on the farm（上海市中考题）
TThey sent upwere planted are grownThank you !Goodbye!