Lesson 3
Compound Words复合词
1.把两个或两个以上的词结合在一起构成新词的方法叫复合法。用复合法构成的词叫复合词。复合词种类繁多,从词性上看有复合介词,复合连词,复合副词,复合代词,复合数词等,而数量最多的是复合名词,其实是复合形容词,再次是复合动词。
2.复合名词
(1)名词+名词
Lipstick,classroom,newspaper,workshop,bookstore,bloodtest
(2)形容词+名词
Highway,dark glasses, easy chair,broadcast,blackboard,freeway,mainland,newcomer,gentleman
(3)副词+名词
Overwork, upgrade,outhouse,outcomer,overcoat,afternoon,inland
(4)动词+名词
Chopstick,pickpocket,breakwind
(5)动词-ing+名词
Readingroom, sleepig-pill, dining-car,swimming-pool
(6)名词+动词
Snowfall,waterway
(7)动词+副词
Break-down,break-through,get-together,breakup
(8)副词+动词
Output,onflow,downfall
(9)名词+介词+名词
Son-in-law,father-in-law
3.合成形容词
(1)名词+形容词
World-famous,homesick,snow-white,worldwide
(2)形容词+形容词
Light-yellow,red-hot
(3)现在分词+形容词
Steaming hot,cold biting
(4)名词+现在分词
Peace-loving,man-eating,earth-shaking,fun-loving
(5)名词+过去分词
Man-made,hand-made,snow-covered
(6)形容词+现在分词
Good-looking,easygoing,hard-working
(7)形容词+过去分词
Half-baked,hard-won
(8)名词+名词+-ed
Chicken-hearted,iron-hearted
(9)形容词+名词+-ed
Short-sighted,warm-hearted,kind-hearted,blue-eyed,simple-minded,cold-blooded
(10)形容词+名词
New-type,everyday
(11)动词+名词
breakneck
(12)副词+形容词
evergreen
(13)数词+名词+形容词
Seven-year-old,eight-foot-high,three-meter-wide
(14)副词+现在分词
Hardworking,far-seeing
(15)副词+过去分词
Well-written, well-known
(16)副词+名词
Outdoor,indoor,underground
(17)数词+名词+-ed
Four-footed, two-faced,three cornered
(18)数词+名词
400-merer,second-hand
4.复合动词
(1)名词+动词
Sunbathe,sleep-walk
(2)形容词+动词
White-wash,blacklist
(3)副/介词+动词
Understand,overcome,overeat,underline
5.合成副词
(1)名词+副词
Head-on
(2)名词+名词
sideways
(3)形容词+名词
meanwhile
(4)副/介词+名词
Inside,downstairs,downtown,outdoors