考点二 代词和介词
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Raise
your
leg
and
let
________
stay
in
the
air
for
seconds.
答案 it 句意：抬起腿，让它在空中待一会儿。let的宾语指的是上文提到的your
leg，故填it。
2．They
intend
to
sell
their
house
to
move
to
a
smaller
________.
答案 one 句意：他们打算卖掉房子，搬到一个小点儿的住处。one指代上文提到的house，表同类异物，且表泛指。
3．One
of
the
most
important
questions
they
had
to
consider
was
________
of
public
health.
答案 that that通常指代表示特指的名词，通常后面有后置定语，在这里相当于the
question，指公众健康问题。
4．Treat
________
to
a
glass
of
wine
to
help
you
relax
at
the
end
of
the
day.
答案 yourself treat
oneself
to
sth.“用某物款待自己”。
5．Many
farmers
prefer
to
work
in
Guangdong
Province
because
they
think
salaries
are
higher
there
than
________
in
other
places.
答案 those 句意：许多农民工更喜欢在广东省打工，因为他们认为那里的工资比其他地方都要高。此处的those指代salaries，用于比较结构，in
other
places作后置定语。
6．I
can
meet
you
next
Saturday
or
Sunday.
Would
________
of
these
days
be
convenient
for
you
答案 either 句意：我可以下周六或周日去见你。这两天你哪一天方便？either指“两者中的一个”。
7．I
went
to
bookshops
and
libraries
to
seek
information
but
found
________.
答案 none 句意：我去了书店和图书馆查找资料，但什么也没找到。所填词表示全部否定，故用none。
8．A
few
hours
before,
I'd
been
at
home
in
Hong
Kong,
with
________
(it)
choking
smog.
答案 its 句意：几小时之前，我待在香港的家，那儿的雾霾令人窒息。根据句意可知，此处的smog为香港的雾霾，所以需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰。
9．What
seems
to
be
a
good
thing
to
one
person
may
be
a
bad
thing
to
________.
答案 another 句意：同样一件事对于一个人来说似乎是好事，而对于另外一个人来说可能就是坏事。another指三个或三个以上中的另外一个，符合题意。
10．I'd
appreciate
________
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.
答案 it I'd
appreciate
it
if/when...属于固定句式，表示“假如/当……我将不胜感激”，故应填it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是if引导的宾语从句。
11．In
some
countries,
people
eat
with
chopsticks,
while
in
________，
knives
and
forks.
答案 others 句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃东西，而在另外一些国家，用的是刀叉。此处与some相呼应，构成“some...others...”，意为“一些……另外一些……”，others是泛指，表示的是复数含义。
12．The
windows
and
the
tables
were
shaking
as
if
there
was
an
earthquake
or
________
similar.
答案 something 句意：窗户和桌子都在晃，好像有地震或诸如此类的什么事情发生似的。or
something
similar“诸如此类的什么”，符合句意。
13．My
feet
had
hardly
touched
the
sandy
bottom
when
the
two
men
jumped
down,
one
on
each
side
of
________
(I)．
答案 me 句意：我的双脚刚刚接触到沙子底部，这时那两个人就跳了下来，我左右两侧各有一个人。介词后需用代词宾格形式，故答案为me。
14．Make
sure
you've
got
the
passports
and
tickets
and
________
before
you
leave.
答案 everything 句意：在你离开之前，请务必带好护照、机票等所有东西。此处everything＝everything
that
you
need。
15．She'd
lived
in
London
and
Manchester,
but
she
liked
________
and
moved
to
Cambridge.
答案 neither 句意：她曾经在伦敦和曼彻斯特生活过，但是她哪个也不喜欢，就搬到了剑桥。由句意可知，她对这两座城市都不喜欢，故用否定代词neither，表示“两者都不”。
16．________
is
clear
that
our
school
is
the
best
in
the
city.
答案 It 句意：很明显，我们学校是全市最好的学校。it作形式主语，指代后面that引导的从句。
17．On
weekends
I
like
to
get
my
mind
off
my
work
________
reading
good
books.
答案 by 句意：在周末，我喜欢通过读好书让我从工作中放松下来。by表示方式或手段。
18．The
decision
was
made
________
the
wishes
of
the
party
leader.
答案 against 句意：这个决定违背了该党领导人的意愿。against
one's
wishes“违背某人的意愿”。
19．Studying
abroad
is
quickly
becoming
the
key
________
success
in
our
global
economy.
答案 to 句意：出国留学正迅速地成为我们全球化经济中取得成功的关键。the
key
to...“……的关键”。
20．The
ceilings
of
the
Forbidden
City
are
covered
________
detailed,
carved
designs.
答案 with 句意：故宫的天花板上覆盖着精致的雕刻图案。be
covered
with“被……覆盖”。
21．Our
school
has
developed
various
beneficial
sports
activities
________
classes
to
refresh
students.
答案 between 句意：在课间休息时，我们学校开展了各种各样的有益的体育活动来让学生放松。between用于两者之间，也可指多个事物中的两者之间；among用于三者或三者以上。课间是指两节课之间，因此应用between。
22．She
taught
English
literature
at
my
old
high
school
and
we've
kept
________
touch
through
letters
over
the
years.
答案 in 句意：她在我的高中母校教英国文学，这些年我们一直通过书信保持联系。keep
in
touch“保持联系”。
23．To
be
a
good
story
writer,
one
needs,
________
other
things,
a
very
vivid
imagination.
答案 among
句意：一个人要想成为一名好的小说作家，在众多因素中，首先要具有形象生动的想象力。among意为“在……当中”，指三者以上，故为正确答案。
24．________
all
the
animals
I've
ever
had,
these
two
dogs
are
the
most
sensitive
to
the
spoken
word.
答案 Of 句意：在所有我养过的动物中，这两只狗对口头语言最敏感。此处of用来表示范围，意为“在……之中”。
25．That
young
man
is
honest,
cooperative,
always
there
when
you
need
his
help.
________
short,
he's
reliable.
答案 In 句意：那个年轻人诚实且有合作精神，当你需要他帮忙的时候，他总是在那儿。简言之，他是值得信赖的。in
short“简言之”。
26．The
Scottish
girl
________
blue
eyes
won
first
prize
in
the
Fifth
Chinese
Speech
Contest.
答案 with 句意：在第五届汉语演讲比赛中，那位有着一双蓝色眼睛的苏格兰姑娘获得了一等奖。with意为“有，具有”。
27．The
driver
managed
to
escape
________
the
vehicle
and
gave
a
warning—please
bypass
the
accident
car.
答案 from 句意：那名司机设法从车里逃了出来并发出警告——事故车辆，请绕行。escape
from“从……逃出”。
28．The
Smiths
are
praised
________
the
way
they
bring
up
their
children.
答案 for
句意：史密斯夫妇因为养育孩子的方式而受到了赞扬。根据固定搭配praise
sb.
for
sth.可知答案为for。因句中的“are
praised...”，学生很容易理解为“被……表扬”而误用by。
29．Although
the
price
has
gone
up
by
5%,
it's
still
________
the
limit
set
by
the
government.
答案 within
句意：虽然价格已经上涨了5%，但是仍然在政府设定的限度之内。within“在……之内”，符合句意。
30．A
serious
study
of
physics
is
impossible
________
some
knowledge
of
mathematics.
答案 without 句意：没有一定的数学知识，进行严肃的物理学研究是不可能的。without“没有”。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．Sad
and
angry,
Peter
started
aiming
the
stones
into
the
lake,
trying
to
calm
oneself
down.
________________________________________________________
答案 oneself→himself oneself表示泛指“某人自己”，根据句意是彼得自己想让自己冷静下来，故应改用himself。
2．Clothing
made
of
man made
fibers
has
certain
advantages
over
one
made
of
natural
fibers
like
cotton,
wool
or
silk.
________________________________________________________
答案 one→that one指代可数名词单数，表泛指，而that既可指代可数名词单数又可指代不可数名词，表特指。此处指代的clothing为不可数名词，且有定语修饰，为特指，故应用that。
3．There
are
shops
on
all
sides
of
the
street.
________________________________________________________
答案 all→both all表示“(三者或三者以上)都”，both表示“(两者)都”。在道路两侧应用both。
4．I
would
appreciate
you
if
you
come
to
my
grandma's
birthday
party
and
say
“Hello”
to
her.
________________________________________________________
答案 第一个you→it 动词appreciate不能直接接从句，需要借助于代词it，然后再接从句。
5．In
the
villages,
many
of
the
men
have
gone
off
to
cities
in
search
of
higher
pay.
All
but
the
aged
and
the
women
stay
at
home.
________________________________________________________
答案 All→None 句意：在村庄里，很多男人都去城市寻找挣钱更多的工作。只有老年人和妇女待在家里。none表示全部否定，意为“没有”，既可指人又可指物。none
but...“除了……以外没有……”。
6．We
must
find
ways
to
protect
your
environment.
________________________________________________________
答案 your→our/the 句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。根据句子结构及语意可知，这里指保护“我们的”环境，与we相对应，故应用our。也可填定冠词the，特指我们生活的大环境。
7．Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
trees
around
them.
________________________________________________________
答案 them→it 句意：靠近学校的地方有一个绿树成荫的美丽的公园。由于此处指公园周围有许多树，应用it指代前面的公园。
8．Tony
saw
a
toy
on
a
shop
window.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→in 句意：托尼看见了橱窗中摆设的玩具。玩具应该是在橱窗里面，故应用in。
9．Please
help
with
me
and
give
me
some
advice.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉with 句意：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。help为及物动词，故去掉with。
10．I
wanted
to
do
anything
special
for
him
at
his
retirement
party.
________________________________________________________
答案 anything→something 句意：我想在他退休聚会上为他做些特别的事情。肯定句中用something。
11．We
went
to
swim
in
the
river
in
a
very
hot
day.
________________________________________________________
答案 第二个in→on 表示具体的某一天用介词on。
12．Shanghai
is
on
the
east
of
China.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→in in表示在某范围之内；on表示与某地区接壤；to则表示不相接。
13．I
arrived
at
New
York
in
July.
________________________________________________________
答案 at→in at用来表示到达较小的地方，而in用来表示到达较大的地方。
14．He
made
quite
clear
that
he
wouldn't
change
his
mind.
________________________________________________________
答案 made后加it make
it
clear
that...为固定句型，意为“表明……”，其中it作形式宾语，指代后面that引导的从句。
15．The
new
railway,
due
to
be
completed
at
the
end
of
2020,
is
still
on
construction.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→under 句意：预计在2020年底竣工的新铁路仍在建设中。“介词＋名词”表示动作正在进行。under
construction为固定搭配，意为“在建设中”。
代词
一、代词的分类
用来代替名词或起名词作用的词、短语、分句或句子的词叫作代词。英语中的代词可分为九类。
分类
代词
人称代词
主格：I,
you,
he,
she,
it,
we,
they
宾格：me,
you,
him,
her,
it,
us,
them
物主代词
形容词性：my,
your,
his,
her,
its,
our,
their
名词性：mine,
yours,
his,
hers,
its,
ours,
theirs
反身代词
myself,
yourself,
himself,
herself,
itself,
yourselves,
themselves,
ourselves
指示代词
this,
that,
these,
those,
such,
so
不定代词
one,
some,
any,
each,
none,
all,
both,
neither,
either,
other,
another,
no,
many,
much,
(a)
few,
(a)
little,
something,
anything,
nothing,
everything
相互代词
each
other,
one
another
疑问代词
who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what，whoever,
whichever,
whatever
连接代词
who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what,
whoever,
whichever,
whatever
关系代词
that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as
二、常考代词的用法
1．it,
one,
that
代词
用法
it
指代上文提到的同一事物，复数用they/them
that
that特指同类异物的可数名词单数或不可数名词，只指物，通常有范围限定
复数those相当于the
ones，只指可数名词复数，可指人，也可指物
one
泛指同类异物的可数名词，单数用one，复数用ones
I
cannot
find
my
watch.
I
must
have
lost
it.
The
weather
here
is
much
better
than
that
in
Beijing.
My
pen
is
broken.
I
must
buy
one.
2．both,
all,
either,
any,
neither,
none,
no
one
My
sister
likes
both
English
and
Chinese.
You
can
take
either
of
the
pictures,
whichever
you
like.
Neither
of
us
could
understand
German.
All
are
happy
to
know
the
news.
We
had
three
cats
once
but
none
(of
them)
is
alive
now.
3．another,
other,
the
other,
the
others,
others
代词
用法
another
三者或三者以上中的另一个，用作代词或形容词
other
“其他的”，只作定语，常与复数名词连用。other
students其他的学生
the
other
两者中的另一个。常与one连用，构成：one...the
other...“一个……，另一个……”
the
others
为the
other的复数形式，特指其余的人或物
others
泛指别的人或物
Will
you
show
me
another
I
don't
like
its
color.
She
has
two
sisters.
One
is
Mary
and
the
other
is
Joan.
Why
are
only
three
of
you
here
Where
are
the
others
Don't
cut
in
when
others
speak.
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2016·天津高考]I
was
wearing
a
seatbelt.
If
I
hadn't
been
wearing
________，
I
would
have
been
injured.
答案 one 句意：我当时系着安全带。如果没系的话，我可能已经受伤了。one指代上文提到的seatbelt，泛指同类异物。
2．[2016·福州十三中期中]All
of
them
complained
about
the
stone
but
not
tried
to
remove
________.
答案 it 句意：他们都抱怨那块大石头，但都不去将它搬开。根据句意可知，此处指前面提及的那块大石头，故用it。
3．[2016·浙江高考]In
many
ways,
the
education
system
in
the
US
is
not
very
different
from
________
in
the
UK.
答案 that 句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。这里指代前面的名词education
system，后面有in
the
UK修饰，所以用that。
4．[2016·福州十三中期中]Once
there
lived
a
rich
man
who
wanted
to
do
________
for
the
people
of
his
town.
答案 something 句意：城里曾经有个想为市民做些事情的富翁。结合句意可知，此处表示想要为人们做某事，故填something。
5．[2016·福州十三中期中]Instead,
with
some
difficulty
he
passed
around
the
stone
and
continued
on
his
way.
________
man
came
along
and
did
the
same
thing;
then
another
came,
and
another.
答案 Another 句意：然而，他艰难地绕过石头继续前行。另一个人过来了，同样如此。然后，另一个，又另一个，都是这样。根据前后句意可知，指在前面那个人之后的又一个人，即另一个人，故填another。
6．[2016·四川高考]By
that
time,
the
panda
no
longer
needed
________
(it)
mother
for
food.
答案 its 句意：到那时，这只熊猫不再需要从它的母亲那里获取食物。此处用形容词性物主代词its修饰mother。
7．[2016·山东师大附中检测]She
must
be
shy.
You
may
be
shy
________
(you)．
答案 yourself 句意：她一定很害羞，你自己可能也会害羞。反身代词在句中起强调作用。
8．[2016·江西九江高三一模]We
valued
every
chance
we
have
to
keep
________
(we)
both
on
the
right
track.
答案 us 句意：我们珍惜每一次我们两人能够在正轨上的机会。空格处作动词keep的宾语，指人，所以用人称代词宾格。
9．[2015·四川高考]Niki
is
always
full
of
ideas,
but
________
is
useful
to
my
knowledge.
答案 none 句意：妮基总是充满想法，但是，据我所知，没有一个是有用的。此句中代替物、表示否定且有范围，故应用none。
10．[2015·重庆高考]The
meeting
will
be
held
in
September,
but
________
knows
the
date
for
sure.
答案 nobody 句意：会议将在九月举行，但是没有人知道确切的日期。根据句中的转折词but可知，后面的句子应为否定含义，所以用nobody。
11．[2016·湖南衡阳八中二模]________
changed
colour,
one
white,
the
other
red.
答案 Both 句意：两人的脸色都变了，一人的脸白了，另一人的脸红了。根据后面的“one
white,
the
other
red”可知，此处指两人，应填both。
12．[2017·山东肥城二中月考]At
the
end
of
the
five
minutes,
no
one
could
find
________
(they)
own
balloon.
答案 their 句意：在五分钟结束时，没有人能够找到自己的气球。与起强调作用的own一起作名词balloon的定语，one's
own“某人自己的”。
13．[2017·广西南宁检测]Dasiree's
paintings
catch
your
eyes
immediately,
and
then
your
eyes
lock
on
________.
答案 them 句意：德西里的画立刻吸引了你们的视线，然后你们的视线就锁定在这些画上。介词on的宾语指的是前面提到的paintings，故用them代替。
14．[2016·江西南昌高三联考]Nowadays,
school
violence
is
a
hot
issue.
I
think
this
is
a
phenomenon,
________
calling
for
our
great
concern.
答案 something 句意：目前，学校暴力是个热点问题。我认为这是一个现象，需要我们极大的关注。从句子结构分析可以看出，空格后面的内容对phenomenon进行了解释说明，故用something作phenomenon的同位语。
15．[2016·河南开封二模]Only
human
beings
can
choose
where
and
how
they
want
to
live
and
then
improve
the
physical
environment
to
help
________
(they)
realize
these
choices.
答案 themselves 句意：只有人类可以选择生活的地方和生活的方式，然后提高客观环境来帮助自己实现这些选择。本空所填词作help的宾语，而help的主语是they，主语与宾语互指，故宾语用反身代词。
16．[2015·陕西高考]To
warm
himself,
the
sailor
sat
in
front
of
the
fire
rubbing
one
bare
foot
against
the
________.
答案 other 句意：为了让自己暖和，那位水手坐在火堆前面，用一只光脚摩擦另外一只脚。表示两者之间的“一个……另一个……”要用one...the
other...。
17．[2016·山东东营一模]________
is
generally
acknowledged
that
young
people
from
poorer
socio economic
backgrounds
tend
to
do
less
well
in
our
education
system.
答案 It 句意：人们普遍认为，在我们的教育体制里，有比较贫困的社会经济背景的年轻人往往会表现不佳。it作形式主语，“that
young
people
from
poorer
socio economic
backgrounds
tend
to
do
less
well
in
our
education
system”为主语从句，是真正的主语。
18．[2015·浙江高考]How
would
you
like
________
if
you
were
watching
your
favorite
TV
program
and
someone
came
into
the
room
and
just
shut
it
off
without
asking
you
答案 it 句意：如果你在看你最喜欢的电视节目时，有人进来，并且未经允许就把电视关掉，你会怎么想？it在此作形式宾语，指代后面if从句的内容。“动词＋it＋when/if＋从句”结构中，it作形式宾语，常见的动词有enjoy,
hate,
love,
like,
dislike,
appreciate等。
19．[2016·四川资阳一诊]________
wasn't
until
two
days
ago
that
Dad
allowed
me
to
drive
on
the
motorway.
答案 It 句意：直到两天前父亲才允许我驾车上高速公路。“It
is/was
not
until...that...”为“not...until...”句型的强调句形式。
20．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Chopsticks
are
not
used
everywhere
in
Asia.
In
India,
for
example,
most
people
traditionally
eat
_________
their
hands.
答案 with 句意：筷子并非被亚洲的每个地方(的人们)使用。例如，在印度，大部分的人习惯用手吃饭。with“用……”，符合句意。
21．[2016·四川高考]The
mother
continued
to
care
for
the
young
panda
________
more
than
two
years.
答案 for 句意：这位母亲持续照顾熊猫幼崽两年多。“for＋一段时间”作时间状语，表示持续了一段时间。
22．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Most
of
us
are
more
focused
________
our
tasks
in
the
morning
than
we
are
later
in
the
day.
答案 on 句意：我们大多数人在早晨时对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。be
focused
on意为“集中于……”。
23．[2014·广西高考]September
30
is
the
day
________
which
you
must
pay
your
bill.
答案 by 句意：九月三十日之前你必须缴付账单。该介词与关系代词which一起引导定语从句，which指代the
day；再根据“到……为止”可知用by。
24．[2014·广东高考]．..and
my
credit
card
had
already
been
charged
________
the
reservation.
答案 for 句意：……我的信用卡已经为这次预订付钱了。charge...for...“因……向……收费”，是固定搭配。
25．[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]Instead,
I'd
headed
straight
for
Yangshuo.
For
those
who
fly
to
Guilin,
it's
only
an
hour
away________
car
and
offers
all
the
scenery
of
the
better known
city.
答案 by 句意：然而，我直接去了阳朔。对于那些飞往桂林的人来说，坐车只需要一个小时的路程并能欣赏到所有知名城市的风景。乘坐交通工具常用“by＋单数可数名词”，名词前不加冠词，by
car“坐小汽车，乘汽车”。
26．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]When
a
new
day
breaks,
the
walls
have
given
up
their
heat
and
are
now
cold
enough
to
cool
the
house
during
the
hot
day;
________
the
same
time,
they
warm
up
again
for
the
night.
答案 at 句意：天亮时，墙壁已放热，并且现在足够冷使房子在热天时凉爽；同时，夜晚它们又暖和起来。at
the
same
time“与此同时”，为固定短语。
27．[2016·天津高考]Mary
was
silent
during
the
early
part
of
the
discussion
but
finally
she
gave
voice
________
her
opinion
on
the
subject.
答案 to 句意：在讨论刚开始时，玛丽一言不发，但最后她就这个主题发表了自己的观点。give
voice
to“表达，吐露，发泄”，符合句意。
28．[2014·安徽高考]Terry,
please
look
up
________
your
cell
phone
when
Grandma
is
talking
to
you.
答案 from
句意：特里，奶奶和你说话时请不要低头玩手机。look
up
from“从……抬起头看”。
29．[2014·江西高考]It
is
unbelievable
that
Mr.
Lucas
leads
a
simple
life
________
his
great
wealth.
答案 despite 句意：真是难以置信，卢卡斯先生尽管很有钱可还是过着简朴的生活。despite“尽管”，符合句意。
30．[2014·北京高考]Jane
is
in
a
hurry
because
the
train
to
the
airport
leaves
________
half
an
hour.
答案 in
句意：简很着急，因为去飞机场的火车半小时后发车。“in＋一段时间”用于表示将来的句子中，意为“在……之后”。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．[2016·南昌二模]We've
been
looking
for
a
cheap
house
but
haven't
found
it
yet.
________________________________________________________
答案 it→one 句意：我们一直在寻找一个便宜的房子，但是还没有找到。此处one＝a
cheap
house，泛指任何一个便宜的房子，符合句意。it指上文出现的同一事物。
2．[2017·江苏月考]Jennifer
believes
she
will
move
out
on
her
own
when
she
is
financially
able
to
support
her.
________________________________________________________
答案 第二个her→herself 句意：詹妮弗相信，当她在经济上自己有能力养活自己时就会搬出去单住。这里强调的是主语本身，作宾语，故用反身代词herself。
3．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]If
we
go
on
a
trip
abroad,
we
can
broaden
your
view
and
gain
knowledge
we
cannot
get
from
books.
________________________________________________________
答案 your→our 句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就能拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。此处应该使用our，与本句的主语we在人称上保持一致。
4．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]It
does
not
cost
many,
yet
we
can
still
learn
a
lot.
________________________________________________________
答案 many→much 句意：那样花费不多，而我们仍然可以学到很多。此处代词much指代不可数名词much
money，作为动词cost的宾语，而many通常指代可数名词复数。
5．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]I
thought
I
knew
everything
and
could
make
decisions
by
myself.
However,
my
parents
didn't
seem
to
think
such.
________________________________________________________
答案 such→so 后一句句意：然而，我的父母看起来不那样认为。so作指示代词，可以代替前面句子的内容，而such不能指代前面的内容。
6．[2017·云南月考]We
asked
both
John
and
Mary
about
this
problem,
but
none
could
offer
a
satisfactory
suggestion.
________________________________________________________
答案 none→neither none指“三者或三者以上都不”，根据句意，此处是指两者都不，故应用neither。
7．[2016·湖南联考]“I
always
understood，”
said
Shelton
coldly,
“that
our
systems
were
better
than
that
of
other
countries.”
________________________________________________________
答案 第二个that→those 句意：“我一直认为，”谢尔顿冷冷地说，“我们的体制比其他国家的要完善。”此处those指代the
systems。而that只能指代可数名词的单数形式或不可数名词。
8．[2016·高新月考]As
there
was
no
main
topic
to
discuss,
the
conversation
changed
from
one
topic
to
other.
________________________________________________________
答案 other→another 句意：因为没有一个讨论的主题，所以谈话从一个话题转到另一个话题。another泛指三者或三者以上的另外一个，可用作代词和形容词，而other只能用作形容词，作定语。
9．[2017·西安联考]I
hate
that
he
always
tells
a
lie.
________________________________________________________
答案 hate后加it 句意：我讨厌他总是撒谎。本题it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。在这类句型中it常常接在动词appreciate,
hate,
like,
depend
on等词后面，再接that或when等引导的从句。
10．[2016·西安模拟]Except
the
school,
the
village
has
a
clinic,
which
was
also
built
with
government
support.
________________________________________________________
答案 Except→Besides
句意：除了学校以外，这个村庄还有一个诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建造的。except表示在整体中除去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整体之内。besides意为“除了……之外(还有)”，即除去的部分也包括在整体之内。
11．[2016·太原月考]John
placed
a
wine
cup
on
the
table
in
his
reach.
________________________________________________________
答案 in→within 句意：约翰把酒杯放在桌子上他伸手可以够着的地方。within
one's
reach“在某人够得着的范围之内”。
12．[2016·龙岩质检]Do
you
really
want
to
rent
such
a
flat
which
is
empty
except
some
old
pieces
of
furniture
________________________________________________________
答案 except后加for 句意：你真想租一套除了旧家具之外几乎屋内很空的房子吗？except
for意为“除了……外，除去，要不是(由于)”，后面只接名词短语，表示不同类中的除此以外。
13．[2016·辽宁模拟]Nowadays
many
young
people
in
China
suffering
from
net
addiction
claim
that
they
can't
go
with
the
Internet.
________________________________________________________
答案 with→without 句意：现在在中国，很多有网瘾的年轻人声称，他们没有网络就没办法生活。without“没有”，符合句意。
14．[2016·天津联考]In
case
difficulty,
you
can
reach
me
at
this
number.
I'm
always
at
your
service.
________________________________________________________
答案 In
case后加of 句意：万一遇到困难的时候，你可以打这个号码联系我。我会一直为您服务。表示“万一，如果发生，假设”时，in
case
of是介词短语，后面要加名词，而in
case是连词，后面只能跟从句。
15．[2016·桂林一模]This
stranger
is
familiar
to
this
area.
________________________________________________________
答案 to→with 句意：这个陌生人对这个地区很熟悉。be
familiar
to
sb.表示“(某物)为某人所熟知”，而be
familiar
with
sth.表示“熟悉、精通某物”。
介词及代词it的特殊用法
一、介词的用法
1．表示时间：表示某一具体时刻前用at；表示在具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上用on；表示在某个较长的时间内，世纪、朝代或年月，泛指的上午、下午、晚上用in;
after表示“在……之后”；for常与时间段连用，意为“多长时间”。
2．表示地点、方位：at一般指在较小的地方；in一般指在较大的地方，或在某范围之内；on指在物体的表面，或相邻接壤；to表示不接壤；beside/by表示“在……的旁边”；between和among，前者表示“在两者之间”，后者表示“在三者或三者以上之间”。
3．其他介词
(1)表示交通方式的by,
in,
on
“by＋名词”表示交通方式时，名词前不加冠词；但是in，on后的名词必须有冠词或代词等修饰。
He
goes
to
work
by
car
every
day.
He
goes
to
work
in
his
car
every
day.
(2)表示“用……”的by,
in,
with
by侧重方式、方法，多用于表示无形的工具或手段的名词前；in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前；with多用于表示有形的工具、表示身体器官的名词前。
He
earned
his
living
by
selling
newspapers.
Please
write
the
answer
in
ink.
They
are
digging
with
spades.
二、代词it的特殊用法
1．指代时间、距离、天气等
It
is
just
five
o'clock
now.
After
September
23,
it
is
getting
dark
earlier.
In
mountainous
areas,
it
is
usually
cooler
in
summer.
2．性别或身份不明或被认为不重要的人或物
—Who
is
knocking
at
the
door
—It
is
the
milkman.
3．作形式主语或形式宾语
It
is
said
that
he
has
gone
abroad
to
receive
further
study.
I
find
it
very
useful
to
remember
plenty
of
English
idioms.
4．用于强调结构
it没有具体意义，可强调除谓语动词外的成分。其基本句型为：It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that(被强调的部分是人或物)/who(被强调的部分是人)＋其他。
It
was
not
until
ten
o'clock
that
we
got
home
last
night.
It
was
your
father
that/whom
I
met
in
the
street
yesterday.(共108张PPT)
高考总复习首选用卷·英语
专题一 语法基础
考点二 代词和介词
第1步
刷基础·刷经典
第2步
刷高考·刷模拟
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