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高考总复习首选用卷·英语
专题一 语法基础
考点四 名词和主谓一致
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点击进入WORD文稿考点四 名词和主谓一致
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Whenever
I
made
mistakes,
the
teacher
pointed
them
out
with
________
(patient)．
答案 patience
句意：无论什么时候我犯错，老师都耐心地把它们指出来。介词with后应接名词，patience“耐心”。
2．The
US
government
has
taken
________
(measure)
to
prevent
the
campus
violence
from
taking
place.
答案 measures
句意：美国政府已经采取措施阻止校园暴力的发生。take
measures“采取措施”，为固定搭配。
3．Does
anyone
know
the
title
________
the
novel
答案 of 句意：有人知道这部小说的书名吗？该句考查of短语构成的名词所有格。
4．Don't
try
to
persuade
your
boss;
he
won't
have
the
________
(intent)
of
employing
me—a
fresh
student.
答案 intention
句意：不要试图说服你的老板，他不会打算聘用我这样一个应届毕业生的。intention“打算，意图”；have
the
intention
of
doing
sth.“有干某事的打算”。
5．—Do
you
think
I
should
wear
a
hat
to
the
party
—It
all
depends
on
your
own
________
(prefer)．
答案 preference 句意：——你认为我应该戴顶帽子去参加聚会吗？——这完全取决于你的个人喜好。preference“偏爱，优先权”，符合句意。
6．In
fact,
the
renovation
is
just
one
move
in
a
huge
project
to
improve
Chinese
teachers'
housing
________
(conditional)
in
recent
years.
答案 conditions 句意：事实上，这项变革只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目的一小步。condition表示“条件，状况”，且根据句意可知，应用名词复数形式conditions。
7．Bob's
________
(sister)
birthday
is
May
1st.
答案 sister's 句意：鲍勃姐姐的生日是5月1日。根据句意可知，应用所有格形式。
8．One's
dream
and
________
(ambitious)
greatly
depend
on
one's
experience.
答案 ambition
句意：一个人的梦想和抱负很大程度上取决于他的经历。ambitious形容词“有野心的”。这里应填其名词形式ambition“抱负”，作主语。
9．Simple
________
(direct)
for
fitting
the
model
together
are
printed
on
the
box.
答案 directions
句意：安装这个模型的简要说明印在了盒子上。由simple可知空格处填名词，且根据后面的are可知，空格处应填名词复数directions。directions“用法说明，操作指南”。
10．Many
a
teacher
________
(have)
been
serving
students
heart
and
soul.
答案 has
句意：许多教师一直在全心全意为学生服务。many
a后加单数可数名词，其后谓语动词用单数形式。句子时态为现在完成进行时表示“一直在……”。
11．After
that
incident
she
started
to
devote
all
her
________
(energetic)
to
teaching
rather
than
performing.
答案 energy
句意：那起事件过后，她开始将所有精力投入到教学中而不是表演。energy“体力，精力”；
devote
one's
energy
to...“把精力投入……中”。
12．There
are
two
________
(woman)
doctors
in
the
emergency
room.
答案 women 句意：在急救室里有两位女医生。woman作定语时，其单复数根据被修饰词的单复数变化。
13．A
modern
library
is
being
built
in
our
school
so
that
we
students
will
have
________
(accessible)
to
good
books.
答案 access
句意：我们学校正在建设一个现代化的图书馆，以便学生能够阅读到好书。access“入口，机会，进入”；have
access
to固定词组，意为“可接近……；可获得……”，符合句意。故空格处填access。
14．Each
man
and
each
woman
in
the
neighbo(u)ring
villages
________
(have)
a
bad
opinion
of
him,
but
he
is
spoken
better
of
by
the
village
leaders.
答案 has
句意：邻近村庄的每个人都对他印象不好，但是村领导对他的评价颇高。“every...and
every...”，“each...and
each...”等结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；且根据后面的is可知，应用一般现在时。故空格处应填has。
15．Studies
show
that
75
percent
of
women
________
(consider)
themselves
overweight.
答案 consider
句意：研究表明75%的女性认为自己超重。分数或百分数充当主语的时候，其谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其代替的相应名词的单复数来确定。此处的名词是women，故应在空格处填consider。
16．The
fire
was
finally
brought
under
control,
but
not
before
heavy
________
(lose)
had
been
caused.
答案 loss
句意：大火终于被控制了，但是在此之前已造成了严重的损失。loss名词“损失”，在句中作主语。
17．—Is
everyone
here
—Not
yet.
Look,
there
________
(come)
a
guest!
答案 comes 空格处所在句子为倒装句，a
guest作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式；此处叙述的又是现在的事实，所以用一般现在时。故空格处应填comes。
18．Listening
to
loud
music
at
rock
concerts
________
(have)
caused
hearing
loss
in
some
teenagers.
答案 has 句意：在摇滚音乐会上听很吵的音乐已造成了一些青少年的听力丧失。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
19．Nowadays,
either
21st
Century
or
other
English
newspapers
________
(be)
increasingly
popular
among
us
students.
答案 are'either...or...连接两个主语时，按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数形式。故此处谓语应用复数形式。再根据句中的Nowadays可知，此处应填are。
20．It's
said
that
a
singer
and
TV
star
________
(be)
coming
to
give
us
a
wonderful
performance
next
Saturday.
答案 is
句意：据说一位歌唱家兼电视明星下星期六要来给我们做精彩的表演。and连接两个名词，如果指同一人或者同一事物时，句子的谓语动词要用单数。故答案为is。
21．The
head
teacher,
together
with
his
students,
________
(be)
planning
to
post
the
winning
poems
on
the
Campus
Network.
答案 is 主语后接由with,
except,
as
well
as,
no
less
than,
rather
than,
besides,
together
with,
like,
including,
in
addition
to等构成的短语时，谓语仍保持与原主语的一致关系。故空格处应填is。
22．Some
fruits
are
so
easily
harvested
in
this
area
that
they
are
never
of
great
________
(valuable)．
答案 value 句意：有些水果在这个地区是如此容易收获以至于它们从来都没有太大的价值。be
of
great
value意为“很有价值”，相当于be
very
valuable。
23．The
factory
used
65
percent
of
the
raw
materials,
the
rest
of
which
________
(be)
saved
for
other
purposes.
答案 were 句意：这家工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的节省下来以作他用。后半句中的the
rest
of
which中的which指的是raw
materials，所以谓语动词用复数；再结合前半句中的时态可判断，正确答案为were。
24．The
fact
that
so
many
people
still
smoke
in
public
places
________
(suggest)
that
we
may
need
a
nationwide
campaign
to
raise
awareness
of
the
risks
of
smoking.
答案 suggests 句意：目前许多人仍然在公共场所吸烟的这一事实表明我们可能需要开展一场全国范围的运动来提高人们对吸烟危险性的意识。根据句意可知，此处应使用一般现在时，本句的主语是The
fact，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填suggests。
25．The
________
(similar)
between
Mars
and
Earth
are
enough
to
keep
alive
hopes
of
some
form
of
Martian
life.
答案 similarities
句意：火星和地球之间的诸多相似之处足以让人们对火星上存在某种生物抱以希望。similarity“类似，相似点”，符合句意。谓语动词是are，故用名词复数形式。
26．The
course
aims
to
develop
the
children's
________
(appreciate)
of
music.
答案 appreciation
句意：该课程旨在培养孩子对音乐的欣赏能力。appreciation名词“欣赏，鉴别”，符合句意。
27．The
writer
and
the
teacher
________
(be)
to
give
us
a
talk
on
American
history.
答案 are 那位作家和那位老师指两个人，谓语动词用复数，故填are。
28．At
the
graduation
ceremony,
the
headmaster
required
the
graduates
to
raise
their
competitive
________
(aware)
in
modern
society.
答案 awareness 句意：毕业典礼上校长要求毕业生们在现代社会中要增强竞争意识。competitive
awareness“竞争意识”。
29．—Each
of
the
students,
working
hard
at
his
or
her
lessons,
________
(hope)
to
go
to
university.
—So
do
I.
答案 hopes 句子主语是each
of
the
students，谓语动词应用单数形式；再根据下文do可知，应用一般现在时。
30．Mary
is
the
only
one
of
the
teachers
who
________
(know)
a
little
Chinese.
答案 knows 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词的单复数一致。从句的先行词是the
only
one
of
the
teachers，强调唯一的老师，谓语动词应用单数。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．More
than
one
worker
have
been
sent
to
the
training
center
to
improve
their
working
skills
in
the
past
three
years.
________________________________________________________
答案 have→has 句意：在过去的三年中，不止一个工人被送到培训中心去提高他们的工作技能。more
than
one意为“不止一个”，从意义上讲它表示复数，但作主语时，谓语习惯用单数。
2．A
recent
survey
shows
that
the
number
of
children
who
come
from
the
countryside
with
their
parents
are
nearly
320,000
in
Beijing.
________________________________________________________
答案 are→is 句意：最近的一项研究表明，在北京和父母一起从农村来的孩子的数量将近320000。“the
number
of＋名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数；而“a
number
of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
3．The
computer
system
crashed
and
I
lost
three
hour's
worth
of
work.
________________________________________________________
答案 hour's→hours' 句意：电脑系统瘫痪了，我失去了三个小时的工作价值。三个小时为复数概念，因此hour应用复数形式。
4．On
the
contrary,
I
think
it
is
Truman,
rather
than
you,
are
to
blame.
________________________________________________________
答案 are→is 当主语是介词with,
together
with,
along
with,
as
well
as,
like,
but,
rather
than,
including等连接的两个名词或代词时，谓语动词应与第一个名词或代词的数保持一致。
5．Bill
was
standing
at
the
side
of
the
car,
talking
to
two
men
who
was
helping
him
to
repair
it.
________________________________________________________
答案 第二个was→were 因先行词two
men是复数，所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数。
6．Playing
football
not
only
makes
us
grow
up
tall
and
strong
but
also
give
us
a
sense
of
fair
play
and
team
spirit.
________________________________________________________
答案 give→gives 由not
only及but
also可知，gives与makes为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词。
7．I
have
an
appoint
with
Dr
Smith,
but
I
need
to
change
it.
________________________________________________________
答案 appoint→appointment have
an
appointment
with
sb.意为“与某人有个约会/预约”。
8．[2016·福建南平质检]Often
she
buys
some
toy
for
him
to
play
with,
especially
on
his
birthday.
________________________________________________________
答案 toy→toys 句意：她经常为他买一些玩具来玩，尤其是在他的生日那天。some意为“一些”，故需将后面的名词toy改为复数形式。
9．Now
my
picture
and
prize
is
hanging
in
the
library.
________________________________________________________
答案 is→are 因为主语是my
picture
and
prize，故谓语动词要用复数。
10．If
I
listen
to
my
own
records,
there
are
no
need
to
spend
money.
________________________________________________________
答案 are→is there
be结构中的be动词是由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定，此处no
need是单数，所以用is。
11．Her
parents
were
in
Shanghai,
and
so
was
his.
________________________________________________________
答案 was→were 后一分句中主语his为his
parents的省略形式，为复数，所以应用were。
12．As
is
known
to
us
all,
remembering
English
words
are
not
easy.
________________________________________________________
答案 are→is 句子主语为动名词短语remembering
English
words，故其谓语动词要用单数。
13．In
the
last
25
years,
the
population
of
Singapore
have
doubled
to
more
than
five
million.
________________________________________________________
答案 have→has
句意：在过去的25年里，新加坡的人口翻了一番，达到500多万人。此处的population为集合名词，可以看成一个整体，故谓语动词用单数。
14．Each
student
should
make
good
preparation
for
the
college
Entrance
Examination.
________________________________________________________
答案 preparation→preparations preparation为可数名词；make
preparations
for...“为……做准备”，固定搭配。
15．As
a
consequent,
he
was
sentenced
to
death
for
murder.
________________________________________________________
答案 consequent→consequence consequent形容词“随之发生的，必然的”；consequence名词“结果”。as
a
consequence“因此”，为固定短语。
名词
一、可数名词单数变复数规则
1．规则变化
一般情况下，在词尾直接加 s；以s,
x,
sh,
ch结尾的在词尾加 es；以辅音字母＋y结尾的，把y变成i，再加 es；以f或fe结尾的多数变f或fe为v再加 es。
2．不规则变化
(1)变内部元音
foot—feet
脚 man—men
男人
woman—women
女人
tooth—teeth
牙
mouse—mice
老鼠
goose—geese
鹅
gentleman—gentlemen
绅士
(2)单复数同形的名词
sheep
绵羊
deer
鹿
spacecraft
太空船
aircraft
飞行器
Chinese
中国人
Japanese
日本人
Swiss
瑞士人
means
方法
crossroads
十字路口
headquarters
总部
series
连续
species
种类
works
工厂
head
头(量词)
(3)常以复数形式出现的名词
clothes
衣服 glasses
眼镜 chopsticks
筷子
trousers
裤子
goods
商品，货物
contents
目录
sands
沙滩
woods森林，树林
times时代
lines
台词
surroundings
环境
belongings
财产
earnings
收入
arms
武器
manners
礼貌
forces
军队
(4)有两种复数形式的名词
people fish
(5)集体名词的数
①只表示复数意义的集体名词
people
人，人们 police
警察 cattle
牛
②侧重成员时表示复数意义，侧重整体时表示单数意义的集体名词
这类集体名词侧重于成员时，表示复数意义，不再变复数形式；侧重整体时表示单数意义，表示多个这样的整体时有复数变化形式。
class
班级
family
家庭
team
队
public
大众
army
军队
government
政府
二、名词所有格
1．'s所有格
表示人或其他有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's或'，表示所有关系。
my
sister's
telephone
number
我姐姐的电话号码
(1)表示两者或多者各自的所有关系时，分别在每个名词的词尾加's或'；表示两者或多者共有时，在最后一个名词词尾加's或'。
Tom's
and
Jim's
father
汤姆的父亲和吉姆的父亲
Tom
and
Jim's
father
汤姆和吉姆的父亲
(2)表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时，名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。
at
the
barber's
在理发店
at
my
uncle's
在我叔叔家
2．of所有格
表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系；名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。
the
window
of
the
room
房间的窗户
3．双重所有格
构成用法
名词＋of＋'s所有格/名词性物主代词
a
friend
of
Jack's
some
friends
of
mine
表示部分概念，被修饰词前通常有限定词a(n),
one,
some,
many等
Some
friends
of
my
sister's
will
join
us
in
the
game.
带's所有格的名词必须是明确限定的、指人的
a
book
of
Mary's
三、名词作定语
名词作定语往往是说明被修饰词的材料、用途、类别等，作定语的名词通常用单数。
gold
chain
金链子
coffee
cup
咖啡杯
mountain
village
山村
winter
holiday
寒假
注意：常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时用复数；man和woman作定语时，其单复数根据被修饰词的单复数变化。
sports
meeting
运动会
sales
manager
销售经理
men
doctors
男医生
women
teachers
女教师
限时25分钟
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]But
for
tourists
like
me,
pandas
are
its
top
________
(attract)．
答案 attraction 句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”，后面跟名词形式。
2．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]The
nursery
team
switches
him
every
few
________
(day)
with
his
sister
so
that
while
one
is
being
bottle fed...
答案 days 句意：护理团队每隔几天就把他和他的妹妹互换一下，这样当他们中的一个在被人工喂养的时候……。every
few
days“每隔几天”。
3．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Then,
handle
the
most
important
tasks
first
so
you'll
feel
a
real
sense
of
________
(achieve)．
答案 achievement 句意：然后，首先处理最重要的任务，那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。介词of后应用名词作宾语。
4．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Recent
________
(study)
show
that
we
are
far
more
productive
at
work
if
we
take
short
breaks
regularly.
答案 studies 句意：最近的研究显示，如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话，我们工作的效率会更高。study“研究”为可数名词，本句的谓语动词为show，说明主语应用名词复数studies。
5．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
who
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
B．C.,
influenced
the
________
(develop)
of
chopsticks.
答案 development 句意：一些人认为，大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。根据空格前面的the及空格后面的介词短语of
chopsticks作名词的后置定语可知，所填词应用名词形式。
6．[2016·四川高考]Any
smell
might
attract
natural
________
(enemy)
that
would
try
to
eat
the
little
panda.
答案 enemies 句意：任何气味都有可能吸引那些想要吃掉熊猫宝宝的天敌。根据常识可知，此处表示吸引了天敌，故填可数名词enemy的复数形式。
7．[2016·浙江高考]It
is
important
to
pay
your
electricity
bill
on
time,
as
late
________
(pay)
may
affect
your
credit.
答案 payments 句意：准时付电费很重要，因为支付晚了会影响你的信用。前面有形容词late修饰，此处应用名词形式；payment可用作可数名词，根据句意及句子结构，所以用复数形式。
8．[2016·浙江高考]We
can
achieve
a
lot
when
we
learn
to
let
our
________
(different)
unite,
rather
than
divide
us.
答案 differences 句意：当我们学会求同存异，而不是分崩离析的时候，我们就能获得很多。物主代词our后面接名词，这里是指“我们的差异”，所以用复数形式。
9．[2015·江苏高考]Some
schools
will
have
to
make
________
(adjust)
in
agreement
with
the
national
soccer
reform.
答案 adjustments 句意：为了与国家的足球改革保持一致，一些学校将必须作出调整。adjustment“调整，适应”，符合句意。make
adjustments意为“做出调整”，固定用法。
10．[2015·江苏高考]—Go
and
say
sorry
to
your
Mom,
Dave.
—I'd
like
to,
but
I'm
afraid
she
won't
be
happy
with
my
________
(apologize)．
答案 apology/apologies 句意：——戴夫，去向你妈妈道歉。——我想去，但我害怕她对我的道歉不会满意。空格处应用apologize的名词apology，也可用其复数形式。
11．[2015·浙江高考]One
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
reduce
________
(stressful)
is
to
talk
about
feelings
with
someone
you
trust.
答案 stress
句意：减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈感受。设空处作动词reduce的宾语，故用名词形式。reduce
stress“减压”。
12．[2015·安徽高考]There
is
no
need
to
tell
me
your
answer
now.
Give
it
some
________
(think)
and
then
let
me
know.
答案 thought 句意：现在没有必要把你的答案告诉我。考虑一下，然后告诉我。give
sth.
some
thought意为“考虑一下某事”。thought
为think的名词形式。
13．[2015·湖北高考]When
he
was
running
after
his
brother,
the
boy
lost
his
________
(balance)
and
had
a
bad
fall.
答案 balance 句意：男孩在追赶他哥哥的时候失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。根据句意可知，这里应用balance表示“平衡”，此处用作名词。lose
one's
balance“失去平衡”。
14．[2015·湖北高考]He
gave
himself
a
new
name
to
hide
his
________
(identify)
when
he
went
to
carry
out
the
secret
task.
答案 identity 句意：当他去执行这项秘密任务时，他给自己取了个新名字以掩盖他的身份。形容词性物主代词(his)之后应跟名词。identity，意为“身份”。
15．[2015·湖南高考]It
is
important
to
remember
that
success
________
(be)
a
sum
of
small
efforts
made
each
day
and
often
________
(take)
years
to
achieve.
答案 is;
takes 句意：成功是每一天作出的小小的努力的总和，而且常常需要很多年才能获得，记住这一点是重要的。that引导的宾语从句的主语是单数名词success，两个空是并列的谓语，谓语动词都需用单数形式，又因句子的主体时态是一般现在时，故填is和takes。
16．[2016·石家庄二模]The
offer
of
talks
with
Moscow
________
(mark)
a
significant
change
from
the
previous
western
position.
答案 marks
句意：与莫斯科举行会谈的提议标志着先前的西方立场的一个重大转变。主语为the
offer，所以谓语mark应用第三人称单数形式。
17．[2016·青岛一检]One third
of
the
country
is
covered
with
trees
and
the
majority
of
the
citizens
________
(be)
black
people.
答案 are 句意：这个国家的三分之一被树覆盖，而且大多数公民是黑人。the
majority后面的citizens为复数意义，故谓语动词用复数形式。
18．[2016·合肥三检]It
is
no
________
(useful)
trying
to
persuade
him
to
have
a
holiday
because
he
always
puts
the
work
first.
答案 use
句意：努力说服他去度假是没用的，因为他总是把工作放在第一位。It
is
no
use
doing
sth.
是固定句型，意为“做某事是没用的”。
19．[2016·天津一模]Among
the
members
of
the
committee
those
who
are
in
favour
of
the
plan
are
in
the
________
(major)．
答案 majority 句意：在委员会的成员中，支持这个计划的人占大多数。in
the
majority意为“占大多数”。
20．[2014·安徽高考]—Why
not
buy
a
second hand
car
first
if
you
don't
have
enough
money
for
a
new
one
—That's
a
good
________
(suggest)．
答案 suggestion 因其前有不定冠词a及形容词good，故此处用单数名词形式suggestion。
21．[2014·湖北高考]Her
________
(motivate)
for
writing
was
a
desire
for
women
to
get
the
right
to
higher
education.
答案 motivation 形容词性物主代词后用名词形式，此外后面的谓语动词为was，故此处用名词单数形式。
22．[2016·山西联考]If
we
make
enough
________
(prepare),
we
will
succeed.
答案 preparations make之后应跟名词作宾语，同时preparation通常使用复数形式。
23．[2016·陕西一模]We
should
look
up
to
him
as
a
shining
example
of
________
(devote)
to
duty.
答案 devotion 句意：他是一个忠于职守的模范，我们应该尊敬他。介词of后面接动词?ing或名词形式，由其后的to可知，应该用名词形式。
24．[2017·山东检测]At
some
point
we
need
to
make
sure
that
our
________
(expect)
are
the
same
as
our
________
(friend)
expectations.
答案 expectations;
friends' 句意：在某种意义上来讲，我们需要确保我们的期望与朋友们的期望相同。根据前面的our可知，此处填expect的名词复数形式，另谓语are是复数，故应用复数名词的所有格修饰复数名词expectations。
25．[2016·唐山二模]People's
________
(choose)
of
colo (u)rs
is
also
influenced
by
their
bodies'
reactions
towards
them.
答案 choice 句意：人们对颜色的选择也受身体对颜色的反应的影响。根据前面的people's可知，此处应该用choose的名词形式为choice。
26．[2016·银川二模]I
have
got
to
buy
some
new
clothes
and
then
finish
my
________
(apply)．
答案 application 句意：我必须买些新衣服，并完成我的申请表。根据my可知，此处应填apply的名词形式application。
27．[2016·石家庄一模]I
watch
people
passing
by
and
start
my
________
(imagine)．
答案 imagination 句意：我看着人们一个个经过，开始了我的想象。根据前面的my可知，此处应填imagine的名词形式imagination。
28．[2014·湖南高考]All
we
need
________
(be)
a
small
piece
of
land
where
we
can
plant
various
kinds
of
fruit
trees
throughout
the
growing
seasons
of
the
year.
答案 is
句意：我们所需要的就是一小片土地，我们可以在一年中播种的季节里在那儿种植各类果树。根据题干可知，all指代的是a
small
piece
of
land，所以谓语动词要用单数形式；整句话的语境为一般现在时，故填is。
29．[2016·湖南联考]Our
school
along
with
many
other
brother
middle
schools
________
(be)
to
take
another
joint
test
next
month.
答案 is 句意：我们学校和许多其他兄弟中学计划在下个月举行一次联考。主语由along
with等介词(短语)连接时，谓语取决于其前面的主语，故填is。
30．[2017·长沙月考]He
has
donated
some
money
to
those
who
live
in
poverty,
which
________
(be)
of
great
help.
答案 is 句意：他已捐些钱给那些生活在贫困中的人，这是非常有帮助的。which引导的非限制性定语从句，说明前面一件事，故谓语动词用单数形式。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]My
uncle
tells
me
that
the
key
to
his
success
is
honest.
________________________________________________________
答案 honest→honesty 句意：我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键就是诚实。此处是指诚实是他成功的关键，应用名词形式。
2．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]The
teenage
year
from
13
to
19
were
the
most
difficult
time
for
me.
________________________________________________________
答案 year→years 句意：13到19岁的青春期是我最艰难的一段时光。根据句中的13
to
19
were可知，year应该用复数形式。
3．[2016·四川高考]Mom
has
a
full time
job,
but
she
has
to
do
most
of
the
houseworks.
________________________________________________________
答案 houseworks→housework 句意：妈妈有一份全职工作，但还是要做大部分的家务。housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
4．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]One
day,
little
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
parent...he
turned
around
and
found
that
his
parents
were
missing.
________________________________________________________
答案 parent→parents 句意：一天，小托尼跟父母亲去购物中心……。由下文的“...he
turned
around
and
found
that
his
parents
were
missing.”可知，是父母两个人，所以此处用复数形式。
5．[2015·四川高考]As
I
told
you
last
time,
I
made
three
new
friend
here.
________________________________________________________
答案 friend→friends 句意：正如我上次跟你说的，我在这儿交了三个新朋友。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，故用复数形式。
6．[2014·浙江高考]A
passenger
realized
he
couldn't
find
his
ticket...Yet,
they
had
so
quickly
offered
the
strangers
their
help.
________________________________________________________
答案 strangers→stranger 后面一句句意：然而，他们迅速地给陌生人提供了帮助。本句中的陌生人就是指上文中提到的那个丢了车票的乘客，是一个人，应用单数形式。
7．[2014·四川高考]Stay
close
to
your
teacher
and
classmate.
________________________________________________________
答案 classmate→classmates 句意：靠近老师和同学们待着。从句意可知，此处表示同班同学应为复数形式。
8．[2014·广西高考]The
understanding
between
two
friends
mean
both
of
them
have
similar
ideas
and
trust
each
other.
________________________________________________________
答案 mean→means 句意：两位朋友之间的理解意味着两个人有相似的想法及相互信任。本句的主语是the
understanding，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
9．[2014·辽宁高考]The
early
morning
barking
have
been
disturbing
us
as
we
are
often
up
all
night
with
the
baby.
________________________________________________________
答案 have→has 句意：由于我们夜晚常要照顾小孩，因此清晨的狗叫一直在打扰着我们。本句的主语是动名词短语the
early
morning
barking，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
10．[2014·陕西高考]Suddenly
the
arrows
was
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky.
________________________________________________________
答案 was→were 句意：突然，许许多多的箭从天上朝我们飞来。本句的主语是复数名词arrows，所以谓语动词使用复数形式were。
11．[2016·浙江金丽衢十二校联考]She
took
the
lift
to
the
eleventh
floor,
and
the
secretary
showed
her
where
her
desk
and
her
computer
was.
________________________________________________________
答案 was→were 句意：她乘电梯到十一楼，秘书指给她看她的办公桌及电脑的所在地。在where引导的宾语从句中，主语是desk和computer，谓语动词用复数形式。
12．[2016·甘肃兰州一中高三月考]Each
student
learn
a
foreign
language,
mostly
English,
from
Day
One
of
their
compulsory
education.
________________________________________________________
答案 learn→learns 句意：每个学生从义务教育第一天起就学一门外语，主要是英语。主语是each
student，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
13．[2016·长春外国语学校检测]You
are
the
most
considerate
person
who
know
exactly
what
I
need
in
our
class.
________________________________________________________
答案 know→knows 句意：你是我们班上最体贴的人，很了解我需要什么。know是定语从句中的谓语动词，其形式由先行词person确定。由于person是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
14．[2016·浙江嘉兴一中高三测试]He
get
easily
frustrated
when
they
play
with
his
favorite
toy
cars.
________________________________________________________
答案 get→gets 句意：当他们玩他最喜欢的玩具车时，他很容易变得沮丧。由于主语是He，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
15．[2016·福建福州期中]About
one
thousand
graduates
took
exams
for
it,
but
only
a
few
was
chosen
and
I
was
one
of
them.
________________________________________________________
答案 第一个was→were 句意：大约一千名毕业生参加了考试，但是只挑选了几个人，而我就是被选上的人之一。根据主语only
a
few可知，谓语动词用复数形式。
主谓一致
一、主谓一致的概念及原则
主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：语法一致原则(主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数)、意义一致原则(形单意复的名词或形复意单的名词，要根据其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数)、就近一致原则(谓语动词的单复数取决于离它最近的主语)。
二、主谓一致常考考点
1．表示一类人的the
poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The
rich
are
to
help
the
poor.
2．“主语＋with/along
with/together
with/as
well
as/rather
than/but/except＋名词”，谓语动词的形式与主语一致。
A
gift
together
with
many
flowers
was
sent
to
me
on
Teachers'
Day
by
my
students.
3．由either...or...,
neither...nor...,
not
only...but
(also)．..,
or,
nor连接的并列成分作主语，以及there
be句式中，谓语动词的形式与最靠近的主语一致。
Either
you
or
I
was
wrong
in
this
matter.
4．被every,
each,
many
a,
more
than
one等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Every
boy
and
(every)
girl
has
adapted
to
the
new
teacher.
More
than
one
student
wants
to
join
the
army.
5．复合不定代词anyone,
somebody,
everything,
nothing,
each等作主语，谓语动词用单数。
If
anyone
sees
Lisa,
ask
her
to
call
me.
6．两个单数名词由and连接表示同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数。
The
scientist
and
professor
has
made
great
contributions
to
the
research.
7．class,
family,
crew,
team,
group,
crowd,
government等集体名词作主语时，若侧重整体，谓语动词常用单数；若侧重成员，谓语动词用复数。
The
football
team
is
made
up
of
22
members.
The
football
team
are
taking
their
training
course
on
the
playground.
8．表示由两部分构成的物体的名词，如：trousers,
pants，jeans,
glasses,
shorts等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前用了a
pair
of或two/three/...pairs
of来修饰，谓语动词在数上要与pair的数保持一致。
These
trousers
need
cleaning.
This
pair
of
glasses
is
mine.
9．表示时间、距离、重量、体积、价格等的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
I
think
$5,000
is
a
large
sum
of
money
for
him.
10．分数或百分数作主语，谓语动词根据分数或百分数所指代的名词而定。
Two
thirds
of
his
income
has
been
spent
on
books.
Seventy
percent
of
the
population
in
that
country
are
still
in
poverty.
11．“a
number
of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the
number
of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
A
number
of
new
products
have
been
successfully
produced.
The
number
of
people
doing
fitness
training
is
on
the
increase.
12．a
large
quantity
of与large
quantities
of修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词根据quantity的单复数形式而定。
A
large
quantity
of
trees
has
been
planted
on
either
side
of
the
road.
13．从句、不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
When
the
meeting
will
be
held
has
not
been
decided
yet.
Reading
in
the
sun
does
harm
to
our
eyes.
14．定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。
Mr.
Smith,
who
is
now
downstairs,
is
asking
to
see
you.
The
Smiths,
who
are
now
downstairs,
are
asking
to
see
you.
