(共111张PPT)
高考总复习首选用卷·英语
专题一 语法基础
考点八 并列句和状语从句
第1步
刷基础·刷经典
第2步
刷高考·刷模拟
点击进入WORD文稿考点八 并列句和状语从句
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．He
has
plenty
of
money
________
he
can
spend
it
freely.
答案 and 考查并列句。句意：他有许多钱并能够自由地支配。根据句意可知，应填and，表示并列关系。
2．Jim
said
he
was
ill,
________
I
saw
him
in
the
street
just
now.
答案 yet 考查并列句。句意：吉姆说他生病了，然而我刚才在大街上看到了他。yet“然而”，表转折关系。
3．—Did
Jack
come
back
early
last
night
—Yes.
It
was
not
yet
eight
o'clock
________
he
got
home.
答案 when 考查时间状语从句。答句句意：是的，当他到家时还不到八点钟。when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
4．The
bike
hit
the
tree
________
I
could
get
off.
答案 before 考查时间状语从句。句意：我还没来得及下自行车，就撞到树上了。before“在……之前；还没来得及，就……”。
5．In
time
of
serious
accidents,
________
we
know
some
basic
things
about
first
aid,
we
can
save
lives.
答案 if 考查条件状语从句。句意：在出现严重的事故的时候，如果我们知道一些基本的急救知识的话，就能挽救很多生命。if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。
6．The
shops
were
closed
________
I
didn't
get
any
milk.
答案 so 考查并列句。句意：商店关门了，因此我没有买到牛奶。
so“所以，因此”，表因果关系。
7．Leave
it
with
me
________
I
will
see
what
I
can
do
with
it.
答案 and 考查并列句。句意：把它留给我，我看看能怎么处理。“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”是固定句式。
8．He
was
about
to
tell
me
the
secret
________
someone
patted
him
on
the
shoulder.
答案 when 考查并列句。句意：他正要告诉我那个秘密，就在那时，有人拍他的肩膀。when在此处是并列连词，相当于and
at
that
time。
9．As
we
all
know,
some
people
waste
food
________
others
haven't
enough.
答案 while 考查并列句。while是并列连词，表示两种情况的对比，意为“而”。
10．It
will
be
many
years
________
the
doctors
and
medical
scientists
can
find
cures
for
cancer.
答案 before 考查时间状语从句。句意：要过很多年，医生和医学家们才能找到癌症的治疗方法。“It
will
be＋一段时间＋before从句”意为“要过多长时间才……”。
11．It
is
difficult
for
us
to
learn
a
lesson
in
life
________
we've
actually
had
that
lesson.
答案 until 考查时间状语从句。句意：对我们来说，从生活中吸取经验教训很难，直到我们真正有过那次教训。until“直到……才”，符合句意。
12．Bad
habits,
________
formed,
are
difficult,
and
sometimes
impossible
to
shake
off.
答案 once 考查时间状语从句。句意：坏习惯一旦形成，就很难去掉，而且有时候不可能去掉。once“一旦……”，符合句意。
13．We
won't
give
up
even
________
we
should
fail
100
times.
答案 though/if 考查让步状语从句。句意：即使我们将失败100次也不会放弃。even
though/if“即使”。
14．________
the
worker
has
limited
technical
knowledge,
he
has
a
lot
of
experience.
答案 Though/Although 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管技术知识有限，但是这位工人却有丰富的经验。though/although“虽然；尽管”。
15．—How
much
did
he
charge
you
for
repairing
your
iPhone
—I
don't
remember,
________
it
was
quite
a
lot.
答案 but'考查并列句。句意：——他修你的苹果手机要了你多少钱？——我不记得了，但钱很多。设空处前后两个分句是转折关系，故用并列连词but。
16．You
may
use
the
room
as
you
like
as
long
________
you
clean
it
up
afterwards.
答案 as 考查条件状语从句。句意：你可以随意使用这间屋子，只要你在用完之后把它打扫干净。
as
long
as“只要”。
17．All
the
dishes
in
this
menu,
________
otherwise
stated,
will
serve
two
to
three
people.
答案 unless 考查条件状语从句。句意：除非特别说明，否则这张菜单上的所有菜都够2至3人吃。unless“除非，如果不”。
18．Don't
drive
so
fast
________
you'll
have
an
accident.
答案 or 考查并列句。句意：不要开得那么快，否则会出车祸的。“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”为固定句式。
19．Peter
was
so
excited
________
he
received
an
invitation
from
his
friend
to
visit
Chongqing.
答案 when 考查时间状语从句。句意：当彼得收到朋友请他去重庆的邀请信时非常激动。句中when引导时间状语从句。
20．Leave
your
key
with
a
neighbor
in
________
you
lock
yourself
out
one
day.
答案 case 考查让步状语从句。句意：留一把钥匙给邻居，以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。in
case“以防，万一”。
21．He
got
up
early
so
________
he
could
catch
the
first
bus.
答案 that 考查目的状语从句。句意：他起得很早，目的是赶上早班车。so
that引导目的状语从句。
22．He
made
a
mistake,
but
he
corrected
the
situation
________
it
got
worse.
答案 before 考查时间状语从句。句意：他犯了个错误，但是在形势还没变得更糟糕之前就纠正了。before“在……之前；趁着”。
23．Not
only
does
the
sun
give
us
light
________
also
it
gives
us
heat.
答案 but 考查并列句。句意：太阳不仅为我们提供光而且为我们提供热量。not
only...but
also...“不但……而且……”，表并列关系。
24．It's
been
five
years
________
he
left.
答案 since 考查时间状语从句。“It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since...”句式意为“自从……以来已经多长时间了”。
25．Hardly
had
I
walked
into
the
house
________
the
phone
rang.
答案 when 考查时间状语从句。句意：我一走进房子电话就响起来了。hardly...when...“一……就……”。
26．You
must
do
the
work
________
you
are
told.
答案 as 考查方式状语从句。句意：你必须按照被告知的那样来完成这份工作。as在句中引导方式状语从句。
27．Neither
can
I
speak
French
________
can
I
write
it.
答案 nor 考查并列句。句意：我既不会说法语也不会写。neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，表并列关系。
28．Tom
plays
the
violin
better
________
Peter
does.
答案 than 考查比较状语从句。句意：汤姆拉小提琴比彼得好。than在句中引导比较状语从句。
29．In
peace,
too,
the
Red
Cross
is
expected
to
send
help
________
there
is
human
suffering.
答案 wherever 考查地点状语从句。句意：在和平时期，人们也希望红十字会能把帮助送给有人受难的地方。wherever“无论哪里”。
30．He
tried
his
best
to
solve
the
problem,
________
difficult
it
was.
答案 however 考查让步状语从句。句意：他竭尽全力去解决这个问题，无论问题有多难。however“无论怎样”。however
引导让步状语从句时，经常用“however＋
形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语”结构。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．They
wrote
to
the
boss
in
order
they
could
improve
their
working
conditions.
________________________________________________________
答案 order
后加that in
order
that...“为了……”，固定用法，引导目的状语从句。
2．How
long
do
you
suppose
it
is
when
he
arrived
there
________________________________________________________
答案 when→since 句意：你估计他到那儿多长时间了？“It
is
＋一段时间＋since从句(一般过去时)”意为“自从……到现在已经有……时间了”，是固定句式。
3．We
were
having
a
meeting
while
someone
broke
in.
________________________________________________________
答案 while→when “sb.was
doing
sth.when...”为固定句型，其中when用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and
at
this/that
time。
4．It
won't
matter
even
he
refuses.
________________________________________________________
答案 even后加if/though 句意：即使他拒绝了也没关系。even
if/though“即使”。
5．He
was
looking
for
the
dictionary
whenever
he
thought
he
might
have
put
it.
________________________________________________________
答案 whenever→wherever 句意：他在他认为可能放过的任何地方去找字典。wherever引导地点状语从句。
6．Next
time
that
I
plan
to
travel
in
London,
I'm
going
to
take
a
plane.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉that或that改为when next
time可视为连词，也可以视为时间状语。
7．Though
the
work
was
difficult,
but
we
managed
to
finish
it
in
time.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉but 在although和though引导的让步状语从句中，主句里不可用but。
8．I
have
not
missed
a
play
or
a
concert
when
I
was
seventeen
years
old.
________________________________________________________
答案 when→since since“自从”，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
9．She
is
American,
and
she
knows
little
about
American
history.
________________________________________________________
答案 and→but 逗号前后两个句子为转折关系。
10．She
said
to
me,
“I'll
tell
you
the
result
of
the
test
at
the
moment
I
know
it.”
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉at the
moment为连词，意思是“一……就……”，相当于as
soon
as。类似用法的词还有：the
minute/instant；instantly/immediately/directly等。
11．Read
the
text
a
second
time,
the
meaning
will
become
clearer
to
you.
________________________________________________________
答案 第二个the前加and 本句属于“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”固定句式。
12．Much
since
I
like
all
the
books,
I
can't
afford
to
buy
them.
________________________________________________________
答案 since→as/though 当as表示“虽然，尽管”时，其引导的让步状语从句应用倒装句。即将让步状语从句中作表语的名词或形容词、作状语的副词、作谓语的实义动词提前。though也有此用法。
13．She
has
such
little
education
that
she
is
unfit
for
the
job.
________________________________________________________
答案 such→so 当修饰little(少),
few,
many,
much时，只能用so，不能用such。so...that结构中that引导结果状语从句。
14．It
was
quite
a
long
time
since
I
made
it
out
what
had
happened.
________________________________________________________
答案 since→before 在“It＋be＋一段时间＋before/since从句”句型中，连词before与since极易混淆。用before引导时，句意是“过了多久才……”；用since引导时，其句意是“自从……以后已经多久了”。根据句意判断，这里应用before。
15．Online
shopping
is
very
convenient
that
it
has
made
our
life
colorful.
________________________________________________________
答案 very→so'so...that...“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句，应将very改为so。
并列句
并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。并列连词主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。
一、表示并列关系的连词
表示并列关系的连词有and,
both...and...,
not...but...,
not
only...but
also,
neither...nor...,
either...or...等。
I
came
here
in
2001,
and
I
have
lived
here
ever
since.
Not
only
was
the
city
polluted
but
also
the
streets
were
crowded.
二、表示选择关系的连词
表示选择关系的连词有or,
either...or...等。
Now
you
can
have
a
rest
or
you
can
go
to
the
cinema.
三、表示转折关系的连词
表示转折关系的连词有but,
yet,
while等。
It's
an
old
car,
but
it's
very
reliable.
I
drink
black
coffee
while
he
prefers
it
with
cream.
四、表示因果关系的连词
表示因果关系的连词有for,
so,
therefore等。
It
must
have
rained
last
night,
for
it
is
wet
all
over.
He
got
up
late,
so
he
didn't
catch
the
early
bus.
五、when也可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时，那时”，相当于and
at
this/that
time。常用于下列句式：①Sb.was/were
doing
sth.when...②Sb.was/were
about
to/going
to
do/on
the
point
of
doing
sth.when...③Sb.had
just
done
sth.when...。
We
were
having
a
meeting
when
someone
broke
in.
They
were
about
to
set
off
when
it
began
to
rain.
六、while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比
He
likes
pop
music,
while
I
am
fond
of
folk
music.
七、“祈使句＋and/or/or
else＋陈述句”固定句式
Study
hard
and
you
will
succeed.
Follow
your
doctor's
advice,
or
your
cough
will
get
worse.
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．[2013·重庆高考]It's
not
easy
to
change
habits,
________
with
awareness
and
self
control,
it
is
possible.
答案 but 句意：改变习惯不容易，但是有了意识和自制力，它是可能的。此处是转折关系，所以填but。
2．[2016·四川高考]It
was
time
for
her
to
have
a
new
baby,
________
it
was
also
time
for
the
young
panda
to
be
independent.
答案 and 句意：那是她要孕育一个新宝宝的时候，也是年轻的熊猫独立的时候。前后句为顺承关系，故用and连接。
3．[2016·北京高考]I
am
not
afraid
of
tomorrow,
________
I
have
seen
yesterday
and
I
love
today.
答案 for 句意：我不害怕明天，因为我见证了昨天，热爱今天。语境表示因果关系，故用并列连词for，说明原因。
4．[2015·北京高考]He
is
a
shy
man，________
he
is
not
afraid
of
anything
or
anyone.
答案 but 句意：他是一个害羞的人，但他不惧怕任何人和事。空格处前后两个分句之间为转折关系，故用连词but。
5．[2014·全国卷Ⅰ]But
the
river
wasn't
changed
in
a
few
days
________
even
a
few
months.
答案 or 句意：但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意判断，此处要填一个表示递进含义的词，故用or。
or
even“甚至”。
6．[2014·辽宁高考]It
asks
you
to
act
like
water:
to
be
flexible
as
well
________
strong.
答案 as 句意：它要求你表现得像水一样：坚强又柔韧。as
well
as“除……之外，以及，和”，是固定短语，用来连接两个并列成分，但强调前者。
7．[2014·北京高考]Some
animals
carry
seeds
from
one
place
to
another,
________
plants
can
spread
to
new
places.
答案 so 句意：一些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方，所以植物可以传播到新的地方。前后句之间存在因果关系，故填so“因此”。
8．[2014·天津高考]Give
me
a
chance,
________
I'll
give
you
a
wonderful
surprise.
答案 and 句意：如果你给我一个机会，我会给你一个惊喜。此处为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。
9．[2016·新疆师大月考]Should
we
choose
a
good
major
________
a
good
university
first
答案 or 句意：我们应该先选好的专业还是好的大学？根据choose判断，a
good
major和a
good
university是选择关系，故填or。
10．[2016·安徽高中联考]Many
colleges
have
club
sports
available
________
to
meet
a
special
interest
or
fill
a
gap
where
an
inter collegiate
(校际的)
team
is
not
available.
答案 either 句意：许多大学有俱乐部体育运动不是为了满足特别的兴趣需要，就是为了填补校际联队不在的空缺。根据对句子中or前后意思的分析可知，either...or...说明大学里进行俱乐部体育运动的两个作用。
11．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Over
time,
________
the
population
grew,
people
began
cutting
food
into
small
pieces
so
it
would
cook
more
quickly.
答案 as/when 句意：经过一段时间，随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样熟得更快。as/when引导时间状语从句。
12．[2016·四川高考]________
it
cried,
she
rocked
it
back
and
forth
and
gave
it
little
comforting
pats.
答案 When/If 句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭时，她来回摇晃它并且安慰地拍拍它。此处可用when来引导时间状语从句，或用if引导条件状语从句。
13．[2016·北京高考]I
really
enjoy
listening
to
music
________
it
helps
me
relax
and
takes
my
mind
away
from
other
cares
of
the
day.
答案 because 句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它能帮助我放松，让我不去想一天中别的烦心事。根据句意可知，这里用because引导原因状语从句。
14．[2015·北京高考]________
the
damage
is
done,
it
will
take
many
years
for
the
farmland
to
recover.
答案 Once/If 句意：一旦/如果造成损害，农田恢复将需要很多年的时间。once意为“一旦”。
15．[2015·江苏高考]It
is
so
cold
that
you
can't
go
outside
________
fully
covered
in
thick
clothes.
答案 unless
句意：天太冷了，你不能出去，除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得严严实实。根据句意可知，应用unless。此处unless
fully
covered＝unless
you
are
fully
covered。
16．[2015·天津高考]We
need
to
get
to
the
root
of
the
problem
________
we
can
solve
it.
答案 before
句意：在能够解决这个问题之前，我们需要找到它的根源所在。根据句意可知，应用before。
17．[2015·浙江高考]Just
________
a
single
word
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
sentence,
a
single
sentence
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
paragraph.
答案 as
句意：正如一个词可以改变一个句子的意思一样，一个句子可以改变一个段落的意思。根据句意可知，应用as。
18．[2015·安徽高考]________
scientists
have
learned
a
lot
about
the
universe,
there
is
much
we
still
don't
know.
答案 Although/Though/While
句意：虽然科学家已经了解了很多有关宇宙的东西，但是还有很多我们不知道的。根据句意可知，应填Although/Though/While，引导让步状语从句。
19．[2015·安徽高考]________
he
once
felt
like
giving
up,
he
now
has
the
determination
to
push
further
and
keep
on
going.
答案 Where 句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在决心再往前推进，持续不懈努力。根据前后句的语境可知，此处应用where
引导地点状语从句。
20．[2016·陕西渭南模拟]Allow
children
space
to
voice
their
opinions
even
________
they
are
different
from
yours.
答案 if/though 句意：即使孩子们的观点与你的不同，也要给孩子们表达他们观点的自由空间。even
if/though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
21．[2016·洛阳统考]I
used
to
love
that
film
________
I
was
a
child,
but
I
don't
feel
it
that
way
any
more.
答案 when 句意：当我小的时候我经常爱看那部电影，但现在已经不爱看了。此句中when引导时间状语从句。
22．[2015·重庆高考]If
you
miss
this
chance,
it
may
be
years
________you
get
another
one.
答案 before 句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能过很多年才能再有一次机会。该句为“it
will/may
be＋一段时间＋before...”句式，意为“将/可能过多久才……”。
23．[2017·辽宁质检]The
medicine
works
more
effectively
________
you
drink
some
hot
water
after
taking
it.
答案 if 句意：如果吃药后再喝点热水，药物的效果会更好。此处if引导条件状语从句。
24．[2016·山西期末调研]I
was
so
nervous
________
I
didn't
catch
the
manager's
name.
答案 that 句意：我太紧张了以致于没有听到经理的名字。so...that...“如此……以致于……”，引导结果状语从句。
25．[2016·山东高三模拟]________
it
is
happiness
or
sorrow,
it
would
finally
become
memories
of
life.
答案 Whether 句意：无论是开心还是悲伤，最终都会成为生命中的回忆。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是一个让步状语从句，再根据后面的or可知，应用whether。
26．[2016·广西南宁测试]You
have
to
move
out
of
the
way
________
the
truck
cannot
get
past
you.
答案 or 句意：你得让让路，不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知，空格处应用or，意为“否则，不然”。
27．[2016·福建漳州质检]The
government
should
attach
great
importance
to
the
economic
development
________
environmental
protection.
答案 and
句意：政府应该非常重视经济发展和环境保护。the
economic
development和environmental
protection为并列关系，故用and连接。
28．[2016·山东威海模拟]Thanks
for
your
advice,
________
this
is
something
I
have
to
figure
out
myself.
答案 but
句意：谢谢您的建议，但这是只有我自己才能解决的事情。根据句意可知，此处表示转折，所以填but。
29．[2016·山东威海期中]My
partner
wants
to
keep
the
company
small
________
I'd
like
to
expand
it.
答案 while
句意：我的合伙人想把公司保持在一个小的规模，而我却想扩大它。空格前后两个分句之间是对比关系，应该用while连接，意为“而，然而”。
30．[2016·甘肃会宁联考]One
can
always
manage
to
do
more
things,
no
matter
________
full
one's
schedule
is
in
life.
答案 how 句意：无论一个人的生活日程有多么满，他总能设法做更多的事情。“no
matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句，no
matter
how“无论多么……”。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Though
not
very
big,
but
the
restaurant
is
popular
in
our
area.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉but 句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎。
though不和but连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。
2．[2013·全国卷Ⅱ]I
was
glad
to
meet
Jenny
again,
or
I
didn't
want
to
spend
all
day
with
her.
________________________________________________________
答案 or→but 句意：我很高兴再一次见到詹妮，但是我不想一整天时间都陪她。从句意判断前后是转折关系，故把or改为but。
3．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]If
we
stay
at
home,
it
is
comfortable
but
there
is
no
need
to
spend
money.
________________________________________________________
答案 but→and 句意：如果我们待在家里，会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱。前后句之间是并列关系，而非转折关系。
4．[2016·四川高考]Mom
has
a
full time
job,
so
she
has
to
do
most
of
the
housework.
________________________________________________________
答案 so→but 句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她得干大部分家务活。前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接。
5．[2016·安徽合肥八中段考]Unfortunately
I
won't
be
able
to
meet
you
at
the
airport
although
I
have
classes
in
the
afternoon.
________________________________________________________
答案 although→because/as 句意：不幸的是，我不能去机场接你，因为我下午有课。根据句意可知，前后两个句子是逻辑上的因果关系。
6．[2017·洛阳统考]She
kept
on
turning
back
to
see
me
unless
we
couldn't
see
each
other
any
longer.
________________________________________________________
答案 unless→until/till'
until/till“直到”，引导时间状语从句。
7．[2017·沈阳模拟]The
people's
life
here
has
become
rich
or
colorful.
________________________________________________________
答案 or→and'
rich与colorful为并列关系，故将or改为and。
8．[2015·陕西高考]I
dropped
some
on
the
floor
after
I
was
packing
them
up.
________________________________________________________
答案
after→when/while
句意：我正在打包的时候掉了一些到地上。根据句意可知，将after改为when/while。
9．[2015·浙江高考]If
I
was
only
a
child
when
I
studied
in
that
classroom,
I
will
never
forget
it.
________________________________________________________
答案 If→Although/Though
句意：尽管当我在那个教室读书时还只是个孩子，但我永远不会忘记它。根据句意可知，这是一个让步状语从句，故将If改为Although或Though。
10．[2016·南昌模拟]One
day,
I
was
cooking
in
the
kitchen
as
the
telephone
rang.
________________________________________________________
答案 as→when'
be
doing
sth.when...“正在做某事这时……”。
11．[2016·河北七校联考]Work
hard,
you
will
make
much
progress
and
realize
your
dream.
________________________________________________________
答案 you前加and'这是一个“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。and表顺承关系。
12．[2016·衡水模拟]The
short
play
was
not
funny
but
also
instructive.
________________________________________________________
答案 not后加only'
not
only...but
also...“不但……而且……”，其中only不可省略，also可以省略。
13．[2016·拉萨模拟]It
isn't
very
cold,
but
you
needn't
bring
many
clothes
with
you.
________________________________________________________
答案 but→so'
由语境可知，前后两句为前因后果的关系，故用so连接。
14．[2016·衡阳八中二模]Some
people
think
one
should
live
to
make
money,
and
others,
make
money
to
live.
________________________________________________________
答案 and→but/while 句意：有些人认为人生活就得赚钱；而另一些人认为赚钱就是为了生活。分析前后两个句子的意思可知，后面句子与前面句子的意思相反。
15．[2015·陕西高考]I
believe
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time
here
and
you
get
to
know
everyone
else.
________________________________________________________
答案 and→once 句意：我相信，一旦你慢慢认识了其他人，你就会在这儿玩得很开心。once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”，符合语境。
状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1．when,
while和as
when引导的从句的谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词；while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比；as引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词，有“随着”之意，多用于主从句动作同时发生。
When/While
my
mother
was
cleaning
the
room,
I
was
reading
a
novel.
The
students
took
notes
as
they
listened.
2．as
soon
as,
immediately,
directly,
the
moment,
the
minute,
no
sooner...than,
hardly/scarcely...when等引导时间状语从句时，常译为“一……就……”。
3．before和since
before常译为“在……之前；还未来得及……就……；多久之后……才……；趁着”，句式为“It
was/will
be＋时间段＋before...”；since意为“自从……”，句式为“It
is/has
been＋时间段＋since...”。
You'd
better
write
the
phrases
down
before
you
forget
them.
It's
been
ten
years
since
we
came
here.
4．until和till
主句为肯定句时，主句谓语用延续性动词，指动作一直持续到从句谓语动作发生，意为“直到……”；主句为否定句时，主句谓语用短暂性动词，指动作一直到从句谓语动作发生时才开始，意为“直到……才……”。
I
waited
for
him
until
school
is
over.
The
boy
didn't
go
to
bed
until
his
mother
came
back.
注意：名词(短语)each
time,
every
time,
next
time,
the
first
time等也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
二、原因状语从句
原因状语从句一般用because,
as,
since等来引导。
because语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问。since语气稍弱，表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”。as语气最弱，从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。它表示的原因是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因。
He
didn't
go
to
school
because
he
was
ill.
Since
it
was
late,
I
shall
go
home
now.
As
he
wasn't
there,
we
left
a
message.
三、结果状语从句
结果状语从句用so...that...，such...that,
so
that引导。
It
was
such
delicious
food
that
they
ate
it
up.
The
teacher
spoke
loud
so
that
everybody
heard
him.
四、目的状语从句
目的状语从句用so
that,
in
order
that,
in
case引导，从句谓语常含有may,
might,
can,
could,
will,
would等情态动词。当主从句主语一致时，可以把从句转化成不定式。
We
turned
on
the
light
so
that
we
could
see
clearly
what
it
was.
→We
turned
on
the
light
so
as
to
see
clearly
what
it
was.
I
don't
think
Susan
will
be
sad
but
I'll
go
and
comfort
her
in
case
she
is.
五、让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句一般用(al)though,
as,
while,
even
though/if,
no
matter＋疑问词，疑问词 ever引导。
Though
he
had
a
cold,
he
still
worked
in
his
office.
He
will
come
on
time
even
if
it
rains.
2．as引导让步状语从句时，从句的表语、状语、谓语部分的实义动词应置于句首；若表语是可数名词单数，其前不能有冠词。
Try
as
he
might,
he
still
couldn't
lift
the
big
case.
Child
as
he
is,
he
learns
many
things
from
the
books.
3．疑问词 ever与“no
matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时可以互换。
Keep
calm,
whatever/no
matter
what
happens.
Wherever/No
matter
where
you
go,
I'll
go
with
you.
注意：疑问词 ever既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句，而“no
matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。
六、地点状语从句
地点状语从句用where，wherever引导。
Where
there
is
smoke,
there
is
fire.
You
can
put
the
book
wherever
you
like.
七、条件状语从句
条件状语从句用if,
unless,
as/so
long
as等引导，unless相当于if...not。
I
will
buy
a
computer
if
I
am
able
to
save
up
enough
money.
I'm
happy
as
long
as
you
are
happy.
八、方式状语从句
方式状语从句用as,
as
if/though引导。as
if/though引导的从句常用虚拟语气(但是当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as
if从句要用陈述语气)。
The
worker
finished
his
work
as
the
boss
told
him.
She
treats
her
husband
as
if
he
were
a
stranger.
九、比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as,
than引导，从句中通常省略与主句相同的部分，或用助动词do,
does,
did代替与主句部分相同的谓语。
There
are
as
many
people
in
our
town
as
(there
are)
in
your
town.
She's
a
better
player
than
(she
was)
last
year.
