(共108张PPT)
高考总复习首选用卷·英语
专题一 语法基础
考点九 定语从句
第1步
刷基础·刷经典
第2步
刷高考·刷模拟
点击进入WORD文稿考点九 定语从句
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．Can
you
lend
me
the
novel
________
you
talked
about
the
other
day
答案 which/that 分析句子成分可知，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词为novel，因此用关系代词which/that。
2．A
football
fan
is
a
person
________
has
a
strong
interest
in
football.
答案 who/that 句意：球迷是对足球有强烈兴趣的人。分析句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，指人可用that/who。
3．Is
there
anyone
in
your
class
________
family
is
in
the
country
答案 whose whose引导定语从句，在从句中作主语family的定语。
4．The
reason
________
Tom
invented
for
his
being
late
made
no
sense
to
the
boss.
答案 that/which 空格处在定语从句中作invented的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导。
5．His
best
movie,
________
won
several
awards,
was
about
the
life
of
Gandhi.
答案 which 空格前有逗号与主句分开，是非限制性定语从句的标志，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。
6．I
shall
never
forget
those
years
________
I
lived
on
the
farm
with
the
farmers.
答案 when 句意：我永远也不会忘记和农夫一起住在农场的那些年。years是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语。
7．Is
this
the
school
________
some
German
friends
went
last
week
答案 where 改为陈述语序为：This
is
the
school
where
some
German
friends
went
last
week.
不难看出，作表语的the
school是先行词。因为空格处在从句中作状语，所以应用关系副词where。
8．We
all
know
that
this
is
the
second
book
________
he
has
ever
written.
答案 that 句意：我们都知道这是他曾经写的第二本书。当先行词前有序数词修饰时，要用that引导定语从句。
9．________
is
often
the
case
in
China,
foreign
firms
will
face
big
barriers.
答案 As 此处为as引导的定语从句，as在从句中作主语，指代逗号后面的内容。
10．Those
________
have
six
or
more
close
friends
are
described
as
“very
happy”．
答案 who 句意：那些有六个或更多亲密朋友的人常被认为是非常幸福的。此处用关系代词who代指先行词those，并作定语从句的主语。
11．Facebook
provides
a
networking
platform
________
communic-
ation
is
faster
and
easier.
答案 where 空格处在从句中作地点状语，因此应用关系副词where引导定语从句。
12．Michel
Croz,
with
________
help
Daisy
passed
the
exam,
was
one
of
the
straight
A
students
of
the
school.
答案 whose 句意：米歇尔·克罗是学校全优生之一，在他的帮助下黛西通过了考试。根据题干结构和句意可知，本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Michel
Croz，并且与从句中的名词help之间构成所属关系，故用关系代词whose。
13．The
house,
the
roof
of
________
was
destroyed
in
the
terrible
fire,
has
been
repaired.
答案 which the
roof
of
which相当于whose
roof，意思是“房子的房顶”。
14．Li
Lei,
for
________
English
was
once
difficult,
can
speak
English
fluently
as
though
he
were
a
native
speaker.
答案 whom 句意：曾经英语对李磊而言还有点难，而现在李磊可以流利地说英语，好像他是一个以英语为母语的人。根据题干结构和句意可知，介词for后面是一个非限制性定语从句，从句的主语是English，先行词为Li
Lei，空格处在从句中作for的宾语，故用宾格whom。
15．I
am
looking
for
a
position
________
my
research
and
writing
skills
can
be
made
good
use
of.
答案 where 句意：我正在找一份能充分利用我的研究和写作才能的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a
position，在从句中作抽象地点状语，因此应用关系副词where。
16．They
arrived
at
a
farmhouse,
in
front
of
________
sat
a
small
boy.
答案 which in
front
of
which还原即in
front
of
the
farmhouse。in
front
of
which在从句中作状语。
17．I
want
to
use
the
same
tools
________
were
used
in
your
factory
a
few
days
ago.
答案 as as引导定语从句时通常构成such...as或the
same...as结构，其中such和the
same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语。
18．My
neighbors
used
to
give
me
a
hand
in
time
of
trouble,
________
was
very
kind
of
them.
答案 which which代替前面整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。
19．In
our
factory
there
are
2,000
workers,
two
thirds
of
________
are
women.
答案 whom two
thirds
of
whom即two
thirds
of
the
2,000
workers。关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，因此用宾格whom。
20．Perhaps
each
of
us
has
moments
in
our
lives
________
we
desperately
search
for
something
everywhere
but
it
is
just
under
our
noses.
答案 when 分析题干可知，moments是先行词，
“we
desperately
search
for
something
everywhere”是其定语从句，定语从句中缺少时间状语，因此应用关系副词when作为引导词。
21．This
restaurant
has
an
inviting,
homelike
atmosphere
________
many
others
are
short
of.
答案 which/that 句意：这家饭店有一种其他饭店所缺少的吸引人的、像家一样的氛围。根据题干结构和句意可知，空格处引导的句子是定语从句，用来修饰先行词atmosphere，并且在从句中作are
short
of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which/that。
22．He
filled
his
leather
container
so
that
he
could
bring
some
back
to
an
elder
________
had
been
his
teacher.
答案 who/that 空格处代替先行词an
elder，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，故用who/that。
23．I
don't
know
the
reason
________
he
came
so
late.
答案 why 句意：我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。先行词为the
reason，且定语从句中缺少原因状语，故用why。
24．Smoking,
________
is
a
bad
habit,
is,
however,
popular.
答案 which “________
is
a
bad
habit”
是非限制性定语从句，空格处在从句中作主语，因此用which。
25．Is
oxygen
the
only
gas
________
helps
fire
burn
答案 that 先行词gas被only修饰，关系词要用that，而不用which。
26．Suddenly
I
heard
a
man
shouting
at
a
driver,
________
car
was
blocking
the
street.
答案 whose 句意：突然我听到一个人对一个司机喊了起来，那个司机的车挡住了路。whose引导定语从句，在从句中作car的定语，修饰先行词a
driver。whose
car也可改写成：the
car
of
whom。
27．The
way
________
he
looks
at
problems
is
wrong.
答案 that 先行词是way且定语从句中缺少方式状语时，定语从句的关系词可以是that,
in
which或者略；若先行词是way且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，则关系词用that或which，作宾语时也可省略关系词。
28．Last
summer
we
visited
the
West
Lake,
for
________
Hangzhou
is
famous
in
the
world.
答案 which 空格处在定语从句中作介词for的宾语。for
which
引导定语从句，使用介词for，是来自于从句中的固定短语
be
famous
for
“以……而闻名”。
29．They
talked
about
the
persons
and
things
________
they
remembered
at
school.
答案 that 当先行词既有人又有物时，应用that引导该定语从句。
30．He
said
that
he
had
never
seen
her
before,
________
was
not
true.
答案 which 句意：他说以前从未见过她，这不是真的。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代“he
had
never
seen
her
before”这件事。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．We
still
remember
the
day
on
which
we
spent
in
the
old
house.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉on 关系代词which在从句中作spent的宾语，因此去掉介词on。
2．Nancy
enjoyed
herself
very
much
last
week
where
she
visited
her
friends
in
Sydney.
________________________________________________________
答案 where→when 先行词last
week是表示时间的名词，因此用表时间的关系副词when来引导定语从句。
3．That
scientist
who
work
is
successful
has
been
made
a
model
worker.
________________________________________________________
答案 who→whose 先行词为scientist，且关系词后面是work，为名词，因此应用形容词性的关系代词whose来引导定语从句。
4．His
new
car,
for
it
he
paid
7,000
pounds,
has
already
had
to
be
repaired.
________________________________________________________
答案 it→which 中间部分为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用which。
5．In
our
school
there
are
200
computers,
of
them
60%
need
replacing.
________________________________________________________
答案 them→which 逗号后为定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，指代物computers，因此用关系代词which。
6．Mr.
Green
is
a
man
with
rich
experience,
that,
obviously,
makes
others
respect
him.
________________________________________________________
答案 that→which that不能引导非限制性定语从句，应该用which，指代整个主句的内容。
7．The
Voice
of
China
has
set
up
a
stage
which
some
people
can
achieve
their
dreams.
________________________________________________________
答案 which→where 先行词stage意为“舞台”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where。
8．She
brought
with
her
three
friends,
none
of
them
I
had
met
before.
________________________________________________________
答案 them→whom 先行词为人，关系词作介词of的宾语，故应用whom。
9．That
weekend,
what
I
have
more
to
tell
you
about,
I
ended
up
with
a
happy
hike.
________________________________________________________
答案 what→which 这是个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语且指先行词That
weekend，因此用关系代词which。what不能引导定语从句。
10．Cheer
up!
Everyone
may
have
periods
in
their
lives
that
everything
seems
tough.
________________________________________________________
答案 that→when 先行词为period，关系词在从句中作状语，因此用关系副词when。
11．My
friend
showed
me
around
the
town,
where
was
very
kind
of
him.
________________________________________________________
答案 where→which 从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which，指代前面提到的整件事情。
12．Which
we
know,
China
is
a
country
with
a
long
history.
________________________________________________________
答案 Which→As which引导非限制性定语从句，一般跟在主句之后，所以此处应用As。as
we
know“众所周知”。
13．English
is
the
only
one
of
the
subjects
which
I
am
interested
in.
________________________________________________________
答案 which→that 先行词subjects前有the
only
one修饰，且从句中缺少宾语，故定语从句应用that来引导。
14．In
seven
years,
she
wrote
four
scripts
and
a
play,
none
of
that
has
seen
the
light
of
day.
________________________________________________________
答案 that
→which 先行词为物，故应用which引导定语从句且充当介词of的宾语。
15．The
eggs
you
bought
them
are
bad.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉them 先行词为the
eggs，指物，故定语从句中应用that或which充当动词bought的宾语，且可以省略。故去掉them。
定语从句(一)
一、关系词的用法
引导定语从句的关系词(也称为引导词)包括关系代词和关系副词两类。关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语成分。
关系词
被修饰的先行词
关系词在从句中充当的成分
that
指人或物的词
主语、宾语、表语
which
指物的词或整个主句
主语、宾语
who
指人的词
主语、宾语
whom
指人的词
宾语
whose
指人或物的词
定语
as
指人或物的词或整个主句
主语、宾语
when
表示时间的名词
时间状语
where
表示地点的名词
地点状语
why
表示原因的名词reason
原因状语
The
work
that/which
has
just
been
finished
is
very
important.
She
is
the
girl
who/that
lives
next
door.
This
is
the
house
whose
window
broke
last
night.
Tom
was
late
for
work
again
this
morning,
which
made
the
boss
angry.
As
is
known
to
all,
China
is
the
biggest
developing
country
in
the
world.
I
still
remember
the
day
when
(on
which)
I
first
came
to
this
school.
This
is
the
small
village
where
(in
which)
he
was
born.
The
reason
why
(for
which)
he
refused
the
invitation
is
not
clear.
注意：①关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但作介词的宾语时不能省略；②关系副词一般可用“介词＋关系代词”来代替。
二、只能用关系代词that的几种情况
1．当先行词既有人又有物时。
They
are
talking
about
the
director
and
his
films
that
I
like
best.
2．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。
It
is
the
first/best
film
that
I
have
ever
seen.
3．当先行词被the
only/the
very修饰时。
This
is
the
only
book
that
is
worth
reading.
4．当先行词是不定代词，或先行词被不定代词修饰时。
Have
you
taken
down
everything
that
Mr.
Li
said
5．当主句是以which或who开头的疑问句时。
Who
is
the
man
that
is
standing
there
三、只能用关系代词which的几种情况
1．“介词＋关系代词”结构中指物的关系代词只能用which(指人时用whom)。
This
is
the
school
in
which
I
studied
10
years
ago.
2．在非限制性定语从句中指物的关系代词只能用which。
The
meeting
was
put
off,
which
was
actually
what
we
wanted.
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
________
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
B．C.,
influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
答案 who 句意：一些人认为生活在大约公元前551年到479年之间的中国的伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展进程。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who。
2．[2016·北京高考]I
live
next
door
to
a
couple
________
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
答案 whose 句意：我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们家的孩子们总是很喧闹。此处用关系词whose在定语从句中作定语修饰children。
3．[2016·天津高考]We
will
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
________
the
weather
may
be
better.
答案 when 句意：我们将把在公园里进行野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能更好。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少状语，先行词是表示时间的名词next
week，故用when引导。
4．[2015·北京高考]Opposite
is
St.
Paul's
Church,
________
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
答案 where 句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
5．[2015·福建高考]China
Today
attracts
a
worldwide
readership,
________shows
that
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
want
to
learn
about
China.
答案 which 本句使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，其中which指代前面整个句子的内容。
6．[2016·天津高考]When
walking
down
the
street,
I
came
across
David,
________
I
hadn't
seen
for
years.
答案 whom 先行词为David，且非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语，故填whom。
7．[2016·四川高考]One
important
biological
factor
________
helps
women
live
longer
is
the
difference
in
hormones
between
men
and
women.
答案 that/which 先行词为factor，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故应用that/which引导该定语从句。
8．[2016·天津高考]I
wrote
down
all
the
reasons
________
this
problem
could
not
be
solved.
答案 why 句意：我写下了问题不能得以解决的所有原因。先行词为reasons，定语从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
9．[2015·江苏高考]The
number
of
smokers,
________
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
答案 as
句意：正如报道的那样，吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。本句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填as。as
is
reported“正如报道的那样”。
10．[2015·四川高考]The
books
on
the
desk,
________covers
are
shiny,
are
prizes
for
us.
答案 whose 句意：桌子上的那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。先行词为books，它与定语从句的主语covers是所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导定语从句。
11．[2016·福建龙岩质检]At
the
request
of
some
English
learners,
he
has
published
a
lot
of
books,
one
of
________
is
about
English
idioms.
答案 which 句意：应一些英语学习者的要求，他出版了许多书，其中有一本是关于英语习语的。先行词为books，将先行词代入从句后为“One
of
the
books
is
about
English
idioms.”。由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，故答案为which。
12．[2016·绵阳三校联考]Peter
talked
about
the
books
and
teachers
________
influenced
him
greatly
in
the
school.
答案 that'先行词为the
books
and
teachers，在定语从句中作主语，既有人又有物，所以用关系代词that引导定语从句。
13．[2015·湖南高考]It
is
a
truly
delightful
place,
________
looks
the
same
as
it
must
have
done
100
years
ago
with
its
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages.
答案 which
句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，它看上去和100年前的样子一样，有蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的村舍。本句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为place，将先行词代入定语从句后为“The
place
looks
the
same
as...”。由此可见，关系词在定语从句中作主语且指事物，故用which。
14．[2015·陕西高考]As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time________he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
答案 when 句意：作为家里孩子中最小的一个，亚历克斯一直渴望着他能够独立的时间。根据句子结构来判断，此句中the
time后面是一个定语从句，且空格处在从句中作状语，表示时间，所以要用关系副词when。
15．[2017·合肥质检]The
mother
thanked
the
young
man
again
and
again,
without
________
help
her
son
would
have
been
killed
by
the
passing
car.
答案 whose
句意：这位母亲一次又一次地感谢这个年轻人，如果没有他的帮助，她的儿子就被经过的汽车撞死了。分析句子成分可知，此处应用whose修饰名词help，引导非限制性定语从句。
16．[2016·南昌三校联考]—Where
did
you
meet
Mr.
Green
—It
was
in
the
hotel
________
he
stayed.
答案 where
句意：——你是在哪里见到格林先生的？——在他住的那家宾馆。先行词为the
hotel，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
17．[2017·绵阳诊断]We
expect
you
to
become
someone
of
________
we'll
feel
very
proud
in
the
future.
答案 whom
句意：我们期望将来你能成为我们为之骄傲的人。先行词为someone，关系词在定语从句中作of的宾语，且指人，故填whom。
18．[2016·重庆南开月考]According
to
Beijing
Review,
Beijing
was
attacked
by
such
a
sandstorm
________
few
citizens
have
experienced
before.
答案 as
句意：据《北京周报》报道，北京遭受了沙尘暴的袭击，没有多少市民以前经历过这样的沙尘暴。由such可知，此处应用as引导定语从句。
19．[2016·潍坊模拟]Life
is
like
an
onion,
________
sometimes
makes
you
weep
when
you
try
opening
it.
答案 which
句意：生活就像一个洋葱，当你尝试着剥开它时，它有时候会让你流泪。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词an
onion，在从句中作主语。
20．[2016·浙江高考]Scientists
have
advanced
many
theories
about
why
human
beings
cry
tears,
none
of
________
has
been
proved.
答案 which 句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个是被证实的。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句用“代词＋介词＋关系代词which”引导。
21．[2016·浙江高考]When
the
time
came
to
make
the
final
decision
for
a
course,
I
decided
to
apply
for
the
one
________
reflected
my
interest.
答案 that 句意：当到了最后决定课程的时候，我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。先行词为the
one，所以关系词要用that。
22．[2014·陕西高考]Please
send
us
all
the
information
________
you
have
about
the
candidate
for
the
position.
答案 that 句意：请你把你手头的有关这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为all
the
information，由于先行词有all修饰，故必须填that。
23．[2014·四川高考]Until
now,
we
have
raised
50,000
pounds
for
the
poor
children,
________
is
quite
unexpected.
答案 which 句意：直到现在，我们已经为贫困的孩子筹集到了五万英镑，这真的出乎意料。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的关系词，指代上文提到的整件事情，故填which。
24．[2016·江苏高考]Many
young
people,
most
of
________
were
well educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
答案 whom 句意：许多年轻人都前往边远地区去追逐梦想，他们中的大多数都受过良好的教育。先行词为young
people，故填whom作介词of的宾语。
25．[2016·福建福州期中]Once
there
lived
a
rich
man
________
wanted
to
do
something
for
the
people
of
his
town.
答案 who/that 句意：城里曾经有个想为市民做些事情的富翁。根据空格处前后的结构分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰a
rich
man，由于从句中缺少主语，故用who/that引导。
26．[2017·四川联考]He
was
educated
at
the
local
high
school,
after
________
he
went
on
to
Peking
University.
答案 which 句意：他在当地一所高中接受教育，后来考上了北京大学。指代“he
was
educated
at
the
local
high
school”，且作after的宾语，应用which。
27．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]But
my
connection
with
pandas
goes
back
to
my
days
on
a
TV
show
in
the
mid 1980s,
________
I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter...
答案 when 先行词为the
mid 1980s，空格处在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用when。
28．[2016·陕西渭南模拟]I'm
sorry
not
to
have
replied
to
your
letter
earlier,
for
________，
I
must
say,
I
apologize.
答案 which 句意：很抱歉没能早点给你回信，对此我必须道歉。关系词在从句中充当for的宾语，指“not
to
have
replied
to
your
letter
earlier”这件事，应用which。
29．[2015·天津高考]The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere________his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
答案 where 句意：公司老板正在尽力营造一个员工们可以在其中快乐工作的轻松的氛围。空格处替代先行词atmosphere，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。在定语从句中，如果先行词为case,
point,
situation,
stage,
activity,
occasion等表示抽象意义的名词作先行词，定语从句多用关系副词where引导。
30．[2015·安徽高考]Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
upon________
school
education
depends.
答案 which 句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。在名词skill之后是一个由“介词upon＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，此处应填入关系代词which。
二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。
1．[2016·四川高考]The
dishes
what
I
cooked
were
Mom's
favorite.
________________________________________________________
答案 what→that/which或去掉what 句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故应用that，which或省略关系词。
2．[2014·安徽高考]The
exact
year
when
Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
was
2008.
________________________________________________________
答案 when→that/which或去掉when 句意：安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切的年份是2008年。本句中先行词是the
exact
year，关系词在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故应用关系代词that/which或省略关系词。
3．[2016·重庆模拟]I
can't
find
my
diary,
what
is
a
real
headache
for
me.
________________________________________________________
答案 what→which what不能用来引导定语从句。由逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句内容，在从句中作主语。
4．[2017·怀化模拟]The
men
their
names
were
called
left
the
room
and
were
taken
to
the
village.
________________________________________________________
答案 their→whose 先行词men和names为所属关系，而their不能引导定语从句，故将their改为whose。
5．[2017·绵阳诊断]I
was
lucky
enough
to
have
a
teacher
which
did
not
take
my
bad
grades
as
a
judgment
of
my
abilities.
________________________________________________________
答案 which→that/who 先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，而which不能指人，故将其改为that或who。
6．[2016·重庆模拟]This
isn't
the
train
on
that
I
normally
travel.
________________________________________________________
答案 that→which “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，先行词指物，故介词后用which不用that。
7．[2016·成都月考]The
letter
that
I
opened
it
wasn't
for
me.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉it 关系代词that替代先行词the
letter在定语从句中作open的宾语，故将多余的it去掉。
8．[2016·陕西模拟]The
reason
because
I
didn't
know
was
that
no
one
had
told
me.
________________________________________________________
答案 because→why because不能引导定语从句，故将其改为why，why在定语从句中作状语。
9．[2016·南昌三校联考]I
didn't
know
the
name
of
the
man
helped
me.
________________________________________________________
答案 helped前加who/that 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省，故应补出此定语从句的主语。
10．[2017·河北调研]He
was
the
only
one
of
those
students
who
were
learning
Chinese
at
that
time.
________________________________________________________
答案 were→was 定语从句的先行词是“one
of＋复数名词”时，该定语从句的谓语动词用复数；当one由the
only修饰时，定语从句谓语动词用单数。
11．[2013·湖南高考]Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
whom
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
________________________________________________________
答案 whom→who 先行词是those，指人，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词who引导定语从句。
12．[2013·四川高考]Nowadays
people
are
more
concerned
about
the
environment
which
they
live.
________________________________________________________
答案 which前加in或which→where 先行词是the
environment,
指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where/in
which引导定语从句。
13．[2013·陕西高考]It
is
often
the
case
with
children,
Amy
was
better
by
the
time
the
doctor
arrived.
________________________________________________________
答案 It→As as
is
often
the
case
with
sb.
“某人情况经常如此……”。
14．[2013·山东高考]Finally
he
reached
a
lonely
island
where
was
completely
cut
off
from
the
outside
world.
________________________________________________________
答案 where→which/that 先行词是a
lonely
island，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
15．[2016·福建南平质检]I
have
an
American
friend,
Marianne,
she
lives
alone
but
has
a
pet
dog,
Sparky.
________________________________________________________
答案 she→who 句意：我有一位美国朋友，Marianne，她独自生活却养了一条宠物狗Sparky。两句子之间无连词，由此可见，“she
lives
alone
but
has
a
pet
dog,
Sparky”应为非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故将she改为who并在从句中作主语。
定语从句(二)
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．介词的选择
该结构中的介词可用两种方法来选择：①与定语从句的谓语动词的习惯搭配；②与先行词的搭配。
Who
is
the
girl
with
whom
you
just
shook
hands？(根据shake
hands
with...确定)
The
room
in
which
we
took
the
photos
was
very
dusty.(根据先行词来确定，即in
the
room)
2．关系代词的选择
在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，指物时关系代词用which，指人时关系代词用whom，作定语时用whose。
This
is
the
pen
with
which
I
wrote
the
letter.
The
woman
to
whom
I
talked
just
now
is
my
English
teacher.
This
is
the
boy
without
whose
help
I
couldn't
have
passed
that
difficult
exam.
3．“不定代词/数词＋of
which/whom”结构
该结构常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
Tom
has
many
books,
some
of
which
are
from
his
father.
The
old
man
has
three
sons,
two
of
whom
are
doctors.
4．whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of
which/whom＝of
which/whom＋the＋名词
We
saved
the
boy
whose
hands
were
badly
injured.
＝We
saved
the
boy
the
hands
of
whom
were
badly
injured.
＝We
saved
the
boy
of
whom
the
hands
were
badly
injured.
五、which和as的用法区别
当先行词为整个主句时，关系代词用which或as均可，但二者的用法也有区别。
1．当先行词前面有the
same,
such,
so,
as等词修饰时，关系词常用as。
I've
never
heard
such
stories
as
he
tells.
She
is
so
nice
a
girl
as
we
all
like.
2．which通常意为“这，这一点”，as通常表示说话人的态度、看法、解释等，意为“正如，正像”。
He
sold
his
bicycle,
which
surprised
me.
As
we
know,
smoking
is
harmful
to
our
health.
＝Smoking
is
harmful
to
our
health,
as
we
know.
3．which引导的非限制性定语从句一般跟在主句之后，而as引导的从句可在主句前、主句后，也可以在主句中间。
I
failed
again
in
the
match,
which
was
a
great
pity.
As
we
had
expected,
he
opposed
the
plan.
六、以the
way为先行词的限制性定语从句
当the
way作先行词，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，则关系代词选用that/which，作宾语时还可省略；若定语从句中缺少方式状语，则用in
which或that引导，也可省略。
I
don't
like
the
way
that/which
were
taught
by
our
teacher.
I
don't
like
the
way
(that/in
which)
you
talk
to
me.
