(共53张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题3 介词、介词短语和动词短语
考点一 介词和介词短语
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
icons:
shiny
and
D-set
2
考纲展示命题探究
点击进入WORD文稿A．单句填空
1．Tom
had
to
turn
________
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
答案 down [句意：汤姆上周末因为太忙了不得不推掉晚会的邀请。根据语境可知，汤姆不能参加晚会，turn
down
sth.意为“拒绝某事”，为固定搭配，符合句意，故填down。]
2．My
parents
always
attach
great
importance
________
my
getting
a
good
education.
答案 to [句意：我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。attach
importance
to为固定搭配，意为“重视；强调”。]
3．I've
been
trying
to
phone
Charles
all
evening,
but
there
must
be
something
wrong
with
the
network;
I
can't
seem
to
get
________.
答案 through [根据．..there
must
be
something
wrong
with
the
network...可知电话网络出了问题，“我”无法接通他的电话。句意：我整晚都在给查尔斯打电话，但一定是网络出了问题，好像就是接不通。get
through意为“接通”，为固定搭配。]
4．The
two
countries
are
going
to
meet
to
break
________
some
barriers
to
trade
between
them.
答案 down [句意：这两个国家打算会晤商讨打破两国贸易的障碍。break
down意为“打破”，为固定搭配。]
5．—How
long
have
you
been
learning
English
—About
four
months.
—You
can't
________
serious!
Your
English
is
so
good.
答案 be [句意：——你学英语有多长时间了？——大约四个月了。——你不可能是认真的吧！你的英语那么好。设空处后为形容词，前有情态动词，故此处用系动词be的原形。]
6．—Reading
is
the
best
way
to
pass
time
on
the
train.
—That
________
true.
I
never
go
traveling
without
a
book.
答案 is [空格后为形容词true，所以应填系动词。答语的后半部分使用的是双重否定，即为肯定含义，相当于I
always
go
traveling
with
a
book./I
go
traveling
with
a
book
every
time.与第一个人说的话意思相同，说明其认可第一个人的话。主语that是单数，故用is表示现在的状态。]
7．—Why,
this
is
nothing
but
common
vegetable
soup!
—So
it
________，
madam.
It's
our
soup
of
the
day.
答案 is [句意：——啊，这只不过是普通的蔬菜汤！——夫人，的确的。这是我们今天的汤。此处是对上一句的赞同，上一句中使用了系动词is，所以此处也应该填is。so
it
is意为“的确是”。]
8．—I'm
afraid
you
have
the
wrong
number.
—Sorry!
I
hope
I
________(not)
bother
you.
答案 didn't [由语境可知，此处表示对已发生事情的歉意，所以用助动词did构成一般过去时的否定形式。]
9．—The
town
is
so
beautiful!
I
just
love
it.
—Me
too.
The
character
of
the
town
has
________
well
preserved.
答案 been [句意：——这座城市如此美丽啊！我很爱它。——我也是。这座城市的特征得到了很好的保存。这里用助动词been构成现在完成时的被动语态结构。well为副词，作状语。]
10．She
set
________
the
new
laptop
which
she
bought
for
her
brother
on
the
table
and
went
out
for
supper.
答案 down [句意：她把给她弟弟买的新笔记本电脑放在桌子上，然后出去吃饭了。set
down意为“放下”，为固定搭配。]
11．Please
tell
me
how
the
accident
came
________.
I
am
still
in
the
dark.
答案 about [句意：请告诉我这个事故是如何发生的，我还不清楚。came
about意为“形成；产生；发生”，为固定搭配。]
12．Hong
Kong
residents
say
they
can
no
longer
put
up
________
the
ongoing
Occupy
Central
protests
which
greatly
influenced
their
daily
life
and
local
business,
and
ask
the
protestors
to
withdraw
from
the
streets.
答案 with [句意：香港居民说他们不能再忍受持续进行的“占中抗议”，这大大影响了他们日常生活和当地商业，他们要求示威者撤出街道。put
up
with意为“容忍；忍受”，为固定搭配。]
13．Mary
picked
________
a
lot
of
Spanish
by
playing
with
the
native
boys
and
girls.
答案 up [句意：玛丽通过和当地的女孩和男孩在一起玩，学会了很多西班牙语。pick
up意为“(无意中)获得；学到”，为固定搭配。]
14．A
Beijing
resident
was
arrested
________
posting
false
information
on
a
foreign
website
to
get
high
payment,
seriously
harming
the
country's
image.
答案 for [句意：一位北京居民因为在外国网站上发布虚假信息获取高额报酬，严重损害了国家的形象，而被逮捕。be
arrested
for意为“因……被逮捕”，为固定搭配。]
B．单句改错
1．We
tend
to
have
a
better
memory
for
things
that
excite
our
senses
or
appeal
of
our
emotions
than
for
straight
facts.
________________________________________________________
答案 of→to [句意：相比于直接事实而言，我们更倾向于记住那些令我们的感官兴奋和对我们的情绪有感染力的事物。appeal
to意为“对……有感染力”。故把of改为to。]
2．Body
language
can
give
off
a
lot
about
your
mood,
so
standing
with
your
arms
folded
can
send
out
a
signal
that
you
are
being
defensive.
________________________________________________________
答案 off→away [句意：肢体语言可能会泄露你的很多情绪，所以抱臂而立有可能传达一种信息——你存有戒心。give
away意为“泄露”。]
3．Peter
will
take
in
his
post
as
the
head
of
the
travel
agency
at
the
end
of
next
month.
________________________________________________________
答案 in→up [句意：Peter将于下个月末就职成为该旅行社的主管。take
up
one's
post意为“就职”。故把in改为up。]
4．When
the
sports
hero
turned
to
at
our
party,
he
was
welcomed
with
open
arms.
________________________________________________________
答案 to→up [句意：当这位体育健将出现在我们的聚会上时，他受到了大家的热烈欢迎。turn
up意为“出现，到场”。故把to改为up。]
5．Although
we've
been
delighted
to
have
you
as
neighbors,
we're
hoping
to
settle
something
that
bothers
to
us.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉bothers后的to [bother为及物动词，后直接加宾语，不用介词。bother
sb.
意为麻烦某人。]
6．If
you
hear
the
alarm,
stand
in
line
at
the
door
and
wait
your
teacher
to
lead
you
outside.
________________________________________________________
答案 wait后加for [wait为不及物动词，后加宾语表达等某人时需加介词for。]
7．Suddenly
the
arrows
were
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky—they
were
looked
like
rain!
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉were或looked [look
like意为“看起来像……”，为不及物动词，没有被动形式，故删除were。也可删除looked，构成be
like的结构，意为“像……”。]
8．—I
don't
think
that
they
will
reach
an
agreement
in
such
a
short
time.
—Neither
am
I.
It
will
take
time
to
find
a
win win
solution.
________________________________________________________
答案 am→do [句意：——我认为他们在如此短的时间内不会达成协议。——我也这样认为。找到一个双赢的解决办法是需要时间的。结合语境可知，答语指“我也认为他们不会达成协议”，与上文的I
don't
think...相对应，故将am改为do。]
9．The
good
thing
about
children
is
that
they
adapt
very
easily
new
environments.
________________________________________________________
答案 easily后加to [句意：关于孩子的好的方面就是他们能很轻松地适应新的环境。adapt
to意为“适应”，为固定搭配。]
10．—What
happened
to
him
—He
was
suspected
about
stealing
the
ring
at
the
party
last
night,
and
the
police
were
looking
into
the
matter.
________________________________________________________
答案 about→of [答语句意：他被怀疑昨天晚上在聚会上偷了戒指，警察正在调查此事。suspect
sb.
of
doing
sth.意为“怀疑某人做某事”，为固定搭配。]
11．Be
careful.
Don't
let
the
false
information
on
your
mobile
phone
take
you
out.
________________________________________________________
答案 out→in [句意：当心。别被你手机上的虚假信息给骗了。take
in意为“欺骗”，为固定搭配。]
12．They
have
become
friends
since
they
met
in
Shanghai.
________________________________________________________
答案 become→been [句意：他们自从在上海见面后就成了朋友。时间状语表示一段时间，谓语应该用延续性动词，故将become改为been。]
易错题一：表示方式的介词的误用
[例1] He
usually
goes
to
work
________
the
bus.
Sometimes
he
rides
a
bicycle.
[错解] by
[错因分析] 考生易误用介词by，认为表示乘坐某种交通工具时要用介词by。
[答案] in
[心得体会]
[例2] There
are
plenty
of
books
that
have
been
rewritten
________
simple
language
and
shortened
too,
if
necessary.
[错解] with
[错因分析] 考生易受汉语思维方式的影响，认为只有介词with表示“用”的意义，从而误用with。
[答案] in
[心得体会]
易错题二：表示时间的介词的误用
[例1] You
must
arrive
here
________9
o'clock;
otherwise
it
will
be
too
late.
[错解] until
[错因分析] 考生对介词的用法不清而误用。
[答案] by/at
[心得体会]
[例2] ________
the
morning
of
one
Friday
________
November,
my
brother
together
with
me
visited
my
uncle
in
prison.
[错解] In;
in
[错因分析] 很多考生由于基础知识掌握得不牢固，分不清楚in,
at
on的用法。
[答案] On;
in
[心得体会]
易错题三：动词短语在句中的误用
[例] Much
attention
should
be
paid
to
________
(improve)
people's
living
conditions.
[错解] improve
[错因分析] 考生对短语pay
attention
to认识不清，误认为to为不定式而误填答案improve。
[答案] improving
[心得体会](共96张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题3 介词、介词短语和动词短语
考点二 动词和动词短语
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
icons:
shiny
and
D-set
2
点击进入WORD文稿A．单句填空
1．When
a
new
day
breaks,
the
walls
have
given
up
their
heat
and
are
now
cold
enough
to
cool
the
house
during
the
hot
day;
________
the
same
time,
they
warm
up
again
for
the
night.
答案 at [句意：当新的一天到来时，这些墙已经释放完了它们的热量，现在足够冷，能让房子在炎热的白天保持凉爽；与此同时，它们在晚上又会变得温暖。根据句意可知此处考查固定搭配at
the
same
time，意为“与此同时”。]
2．Our
club
is
open
to
everyone
regardless
________
age,
sex
or
educational
background.
答案 of [句意：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless
of意为“不管；
不顾”，为固定搭配。]
3．In
addition
________
the
school,
the
village
has
a
clinic,
which
was
also
built
with
government
support.
答案 to [句意：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to,
in
addition
to意为“除了……之外(还)”。]
4．While
staying
in
the
village,
James
unselfishly
shared
whatever
he
had
with
the
villagers
without
asking
for
anything
________
return.
答案 in [句意：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in
return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。]
5．Tom
always
goes
jogging
in
the
morning
and
he
usually
does
push ups
to
stay
________
shape.
答案 in [句意：汤姆总是要晨跑，还经常做俯卧撑，以保持体形。stay
in
shape表示“保持体形”。]
6．Last
year
was
the
warmest
year
on
record,
with
global
temperature
0.68
℃
________
the
average.
答案 above [句意：去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年，全球气温超过了平均气温0.68摄氏度。根据语境可知此处表示“在……之上，高于”，所以要用介词above。]
7．Many
of
the
things
we
now
benefit
from
would
not
be
around
but
________
Thomas
Edison.
答案 for [句意：要不是Thomas
Edison，许多现在让我们获益的东西都不会存在。根据句意和该句中的虚拟语气可知答案为for。but
for要不是。]
8．A
common
memory
they
all
have
________
their
schooldays
is
the
school
uniform.
答案 of [句意：他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。本句包含一个定语从句“they
all
have
________
their
schooldays”，将先行词memory代入定语从句后为：They
all
have
a
common
memory
________
their
schooldays.由此可见设空处填of。of可用于说明动作的名词之后，表示动作的对象。]
9．________
the
first
week,
do
not
think
about
distance,
but
run
five
minutes
longer
each
day.
答案 During [句意：在第一周期间内，不要考虑距离，但要每天多跑5分钟。during表示“在……期间内”，符合语境。]
10．It
is
unbelievable
that
Mr
Lucas
leads
a
simple
life
________
his
great
wealth.
答案 despite [句意：真是难以相信啊！尽管卢卡斯先生有很多钱，但他还过着简朴的生活。根据语境可知此处存在着转折关系。despite意为“尽管”，符合句意。]
11．I
didn't
know
you
had
any
interest
________
painting.
答案 in [句意：我不知道你对绘画感兴趣。名词interest与介词in搭配，have
interest
in意为“对……有兴趣”。]
12．If
I
were
short
________
cash
and
couldn't
afford
to
do
anything
much,
which
in
those
days
were
usually
the
case,
I
could
always
go
outside
and
take
a
look
round.
答案 of [句意：如果我缺钱，负担不起任何东西，我会经常去外面逛逛，这些日子一直是这种情况。be
short
of“缺少……”，为固定短语。]
13．—Why
do
you
think
he
is
feeling
spiritless
—Because
staying
up
late
makes
him
at
his
worst
in
terms
________
physical
situation.
答案 of [句意：——你认为他为什么会无精打采的？——因为熬夜使他的身体处在最糟糕的状态。in
terms
of为固定短语，意为“在……方面”。]
14．Don't
you
think
this
shirt
is
too
tight
________
the
shoulders
答案 across [句意：难道你不认为这件衬衫在肩部太紧吗？across
the
shoulders意为“在肩部”。]
15．The
closer
the
blood
relationship
between
two
people,
the
closer
they
are
in
intelligence.
If
we
take
two
unrelated
people
________
random,
their
degree
of
intelligence
might
be
completely
different.
答案 at [句意：两个人的血缘关系越近，他们的智商越接近。如果我们随意挑出无亲缘关系的两个人，他们的智力水平可能会完全不同。at
random为固定搭配，意为：随意，随机。]
B.单句改错
1．Most
people
work
because
it's
unavoidable.
In
contrast,
there
are
some
people
who
actually
enjoy
work.
________________________________________________________
答案 In→By [句意：大多数人工作是因为那是不可避免的，相比这下，还有一些人是真的喜欢工作。by
contrast相比之下，对比而言。]
2．These
comments
came
in
response
of
specific
questions
often
asked
by
local
newsmen.
________________________________________________________
答案 of→to [句意：对于当地新闻记者常常问起的特定问题，这些评论正好作出了回复。in
response
to意为“作为对……的回应”。]
3．Have
you
ever
heard
of
the
trees
that
are
homes
of
animals
both
on
land
and
sea
________________________________________________________
答案 第二个of→to [句意：你听说过成为在陆地上和海里的动物的栖息地的树吗？be
home
to为固定短语，意为“是……的栖息地”。]
4．Human
life
is
regarded
as
part
of
nature
and,
as
such,
the
only
way
for
us
to
survive
is
to
live
in
harmony
by
nature.
________________________________________________________
答案 by→with [句意：人类生活被认为是大自然的一部分，严格说来，我们生存的唯一方式是与大自然和睦相处。in
harmony
with意为“与……协调”。]
5．This
meeting
room
is
a
non smoking
area.
I
would
like
to
warn
you
on
advance
that
if
you
smoked
here
you
would
be
fined.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→in [句意：这间会议室是无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果在这儿吸烟的话你会被罚款的。in
advance意为“提前，事先”。]
6．The
little
pupil
took
his
grandma
with
the
arm
and
walked
her
across
the
street.
________________________________________________________
答案 with→by [句意：那个小学生挽着奶奶的手臂带她过了马路。take
sb.
by
the
arm意为“挽着某人的手臂”。此处的by表示“抓着(物体或身体的某个部位)”。故把with改成by。]
7．She
drove
so
fast
at
the
turn
that
the
car
almost
went
from
the
road.
________________________________________________________
答案 from→off [句意：她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于车差点偏离公路。off离开，偏离。故把from改成off。]
8．A
schoolgirl
saved
her
father's
life
with
kicking
him
in
the
chest
after
he
suffered
a
serious
allergic
reaction
which
stopped
his
heart.
________________________________________________________
答案 with→by [句意：一个女孩的父亲因严重过敏而导致心脏停止跳动，这个女孩用踢他胸部的方法救了他的命。根据句意可知应用by，表示方法、方式、手段或媒介，意为“靠，用，通过”。]
9．Talking
to
other
mothers
later,
I
heard
about
other
children
from
stomachache
or
difficulty
sleeping
the
night
before.
________________________________________________________
答案 from→with [句意：与其他母亲交流之后，我听说前天晚上其他的孩子有胃疼或失眠的情况。根据句意可知应用with，意为“有，拥有”。]
10．Two
days
later,
Alice
got
a
call
by
Anne
Herbert,
a
woman
living
in
Marin.
________________________________________________________
答案 by→from [句意：两天后，艾丽斯接到了住在马林的一位名叫安妮·赫伯特的电话。根据句意可知，电话来自于安妮·赫伯特，故应用from，意为“从，来自”。]
11．Then
I
turned
to
my
teacher
and
he
gave
me
some
advice
of
how
to
cooperate
well
with
others.
________________________________________________________
答案 of→about/on [表示“关于……的建议”用about或on。]
12．I
take
pride
of
this
experience
because
it
not
only
helps
me
realize
that
I
can
achieve
my
potential
through
hard
work,
but
makes
me
know
the
proverb
“practice
makes
perfect”．
________________________________________________________
答案 of→in [考查固定搭配。take
pride
in，意为“以……自豪”。]
13．I
turned
to
my
grandpa
on
advice
when
I
got
home.
________________________________________________________
答案 on→for [考查固定短语。turn
to
sb.
for
advice，意为“向某人寻求建议”。故应把on改为for。]
14．Some
students
may
apply
to
a
bank
loan
and
others
will
try
to
find
part time
jobs
on
and
off
campus.
________________________________________________________
答案 第一个to→for [考查固定搭配。apply
for意为“申请某物”，apply
to意为“向某人申请”，后跟人作宾语。]
15．It
is
very
convenient
of
you
to
get
there
by
train.
________________________________________________________
答案 of→for [考查固定结构。It
is
convenient
for
sb.
to
do
sth.意为“某人做某事是方便的”。]
