(共47张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题6 动词的时态和语态
考点一 动词的时态
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
icons:
shiny
and
D-set
2
考纲展示命题探究
点击进入WORD文稿A．单句填空
1．To
my
delight,
I________(choose)
from
hundreds
of
applicants
to
attend
the
opening
ceremony.
答案 was
chosen [句意：令我高兴的是，在几百个申请者中我被选中参加开幕式了。首先，句子主语I和choose是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；其次，本句是对过去所发生事情的客观描述，所以用一般过去时，故用was
chosen。]
2．It
is
reported
that
a
space
station________(build)
on
the
moon
in
years
to
come.
答案 will
be
built [句意：据报道在未来的几年里(人们)将在月球上建立空间站。根据分析可知，a
space
station与build之间是被动关系，又由in
years
to
come“在未来的几年里”可知，用一般将来时，故用will
be
built。]
3．More
expressways________
(build)
in
Sichuan
soon
to
promote
the
local
economy.
答案 will
be
built [句意：四川将很快修建更多的高速公路以促进地方经济(的发展)。题干中的soon表明空格处用一般将来时，且句子的主语expressways
是谓语动词build的承受者，故用一般将来时的被动语态will
be
built。]
4．The
professor
was
delighted
to
find
that
two
thirds
of
the
project________(finish)
by
the
students
independently.
答案 had
been
finished [句意：教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目的三分之二。根据分析可知，finish这个动作发生在was
delighted
to
find之前，应该用过去完成时，又因project和finish之间是被动关系，故用had
been
finished。]
5．Unless
some
extra
money________(find)，the
theatre
will
close.
答案 is
found [句意：除非我们能再弄到些钱，否则剧院将关闭。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，money和find之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。]
6．—What's
up
The
house
is
in
a
mess.
—Oh,
I
forgot
to
tell
you.
It________(paint)．
答案 is
being
painted [句意：——怎么回事？屋子里乱糟糟的。——哦，我忘了告诉你，房子正在被粉刷。此处表示说话时正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时的被动语态，表示“正在被粉刷”。]
7．“Remember
to
put
on
more
clothes，”
Mother
said
on
the
phone.
“Cold
weather
________
(expect)
to
come
tomorrow
morning.”
答案 is
expected [句意：妈妈在电话中说：“记得多穿点衣服，寒冷天气预计明天早晨就到了。”根据句意可知“预计”这一行为发生在直接引语语境中的“现在”，故用一般现在时；cold
weather与expect为被动关系，故用被动语态。]
8．—Excuse
me,
is
the
book
Gone
with
the
Wind
by
Margaret
Mitchell
available
now
—Sorry,
but
it
________
(sell)
so
well
that
we
don't
have
any
in
store.
答案 sells [句意：——玛格丽特·米切尔写的《飘》现在有现货吗？——对不起，它这么畅销，我们没有任何存货了。sell在此处意为“卖得……”，sell
well表示“畅销”不用被动语态。]
9．—That
must
have
been
a
terrible
experience.
—Yeah.
I
________
(stick)
in
the
damaged
car,
unable
to
move.
答案 was
stuck [句意：——那一定是一次可怕的经历。——是的。当时我被卡在破损的车里动不了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。]
10．This
brand
of
knife
is
quite
popular
with
customers,
for
it
________
(cut)
well.
答案 cuts [句意：因为这个品牌的刀子很好用，所以它在顾客中很受欢迎。本句表示主语的某种属性特征，故用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义，此外主语it为单数第三人称，故cut后需加“s”。]
B．单句改错
1．Despite
the
previous
rounds
of
talks,
no
agreement
has
reached
so
far
by
the
two
sides.
________________________________________________________
答案 reached前加been [agreement和reach是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
2．I
had
a
strong
desire
to
reach
in
and
play
with
the
toy,
but
held
back
thankfully
by
the
shop
window.
________________________________________________________
答案 held前加was [主语I与hold之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
3．In
my
hometown,
there
is
always
a
harvest
supper
for
the
farmers
after
all
the
wheat
has
cut.
________________________________________________________
答案 cut
前加been [主语wheat与cut之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
4．Tai
Chi
called
“shadow
boxing”
in
English.
________________________________________________________
答案 called前加is [Tai
Chi与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
5．We
told
that
our
rooms
hadn't
been
reserved
for
that
week.
________________________________________________________
答案 told前加were [we与told之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
6．Experiments
on
animals
had
conducted
long
before
the
medicine
was
applied
to
patients.
________________________________________________________
答案 conducted前加been [experiments和conduct之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]
7．—Can
he
get
the
first
prize
for
running
in
this
sports
meeting
—Impossible
now.
He
expected
to
do
so,
but
he
has
just
hurt
his
leg.
________________________________________________________
答案 expected前加was [expect和he之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
8．Do
you
have
any
problems
if
you
offered
this
job
________________________________________________________
答案 offered前加are [根据语境可知，you
和offer之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
9．Every
answer
I
gave
received
by
a
frown
from
the
manager.
________________________________________________________
答案 received前加was [every
answer与receive之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
10．Paris's
cultural
diversities
presented
widely
by
the
fact
that
many
worldwide
designers
are
pleased
to
show
up
with
their
new
designs.
________________________________________________________
答案 presented前加are [diversities与present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]
易错题一：一般过去时与过去完成时的混用
[例] He
walked
very
fast.
I
could
hardly
keep
up
with
him.
Soon
he
disappeared
in
the
crowd.
I
stood
there
puzzled.
Suddenly
I
realized
the
handsome
young
fellow
________
(cheat)
me.
[错解] cheated
[错因分析] 考生很容易受到句子中出现的动词stood和realized的干扰，认为此处应用一般过去时，因而误填cheated。
[答案] had
cheated
[心得体会]
易错题二：一般过去时与现在完成时的混用
[例1] We
would
like
to
go
and
thank
him
ourselves,
but
we
________
(find)
out
his
address
yet.
[错解] found
[错因分析] 考生没有理解现在完成时的具体含义而误用一般过去时。
[答案] haven't
found
[心得体会]
[例2] I
am
teaching
in
a
school
in
Guangzhou
now.
I
________
(work)
in
the
countryside
for
nearly
ten
years.
[错解] have
worked
[错因分析] 考生易受句中的时间状语“for
nearly
ten
years”的影响，误用现在完成时have
worked，认为“for＋一段时间”为现在完成时的标志。
[答案] worked
[心得体会]
易错题三：及物与不及物动词的误用
[例1] If
you
want
to
know
what
________
(happen)
afterwards,
read
the
next
chapter.
[错解] was
happened
[错因分析] 由于受汉语思维的影响，很多考生认为happen为及物动词，所以误填was
happened。
[答案] happened
[心得体会]
[例2] You
wash
them
in
the
clear
stream
and
cook
them
without
oil
or
salt,
but
still
they
________
(taste)
delicious.
[错解] are
tasted
[错因分析] 由于受汉语思维的影响，很多考生认为taste为及物动词，所以误填are
tasted。
[答案] taste
[心得体会](共15张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题6 动词的时态和语态
考点二 动词的语态
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
icons:
shiny
and
D-set
2
点击进入WORD文稿A．单句填空
1．—Where
is
Peter
I
can't
find
him
anywhere.
—He
went
to
the
library
after
breakfast
and________
(write)
his
essay
there
ever
since.
答案 has
been
writing [句意：——彼特在哪？我哪也找不到他。——早饭后他去了图书馆，从那以后他一直在那写论文。根据句中的时间状语ever
since可知，write
这一动作从过去某一时刻一直持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时has
been
writing。]
2．At
college,
Barack
Obama
didn't
know
that
he________(become)
the
first
black
president
of
the
United
States
of
America.
答案 was
to
become [句意：在上大学时，巴拉克·奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一位黑人总统。根据句意可知，“上大学”发生在过去，从过去的时间看将来，要用过去将来时，故用was
to
become。]
3．The
reports
went
missing
in
2012
and
nobody
________(see)
them
since.
答案 has
seen [句意：这些报告在2012年就丢失了，此后再也没人见到过它们。由题干中的since可知，本题应用现在完成时。]
4．—Hi,
let's
go
skating.
—Sorry,
I'm
busy
right
now.
I
________(fill)
in
an
application
form
for
a
new
job.
答案 am
filling [句意：——嗨！让我们去滑冰吧！——很抱歉，我现在很忙。我正在填申请新工作的表。此处表示正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时。]
5．She
________(phone)
someone,
so
I
nodded
to
her
and
went
away.
答案 was
phoning [句意：她当时正在给别人打电话，因此我朝她点了一下头就走开了。根据句意可知，此处表示“当时她正在打电话”，所以用过去进行时。]
6．—Sunny
Taxi
Service.
Can
I
help
you
—My
plane________(take)
off
at
11：30
in
the
morning.
Can
you
send
a
taxi
no
later
than
9
o'clock
答案 takes [句意：——阳光出租车服务。我能帮您吗？——我要乘坐的航班上午11：30起飞，你能在9点前派一辆出租车吗？介绍飞机、火车等公共交通工具的时刻表常用一般现在时。]
7．Jack
doesn't
smoke
now,
but
he
________(smoke)
for
almost
twenty
years.
答案 smoked [句意：杰克现在不抽烟了，但他(曾经)抽了近20年。题干中有延续性的时间状语for
almost
twenty
years，表示的是与现在无关的过去动作，应该用一般过去时。]
8．I________(drink)
a
cup
of
coffee
when
a
new
idea
occurred
to
me.
答案 was
drinking [句意：我正在喝咖啡时突然想出来一个好主意。从occurred可知主句表示过去的动作正在进行，故用过去进行时。]
9．I'm
afraid
I
can't
recognize
Ann
when
we
meet,
for
I
________(see)
her
for
30
years.
答案 have
not
seen [句意：恐怕当我们相见时我都认不出Ann了，因为我30年没见她了。此处指从过去到现在已经30年了，故用现在完成时。]
10．In
order
to
make
up
the
missing
notes,
he
________(try)
his
best
to
spend
as
much
spare
time
as
possible
doing
this
job
these
days.
答案 has
been
trying [句意：为了补丢失的笔记，他这些天一直在努力用尽可能多的业余时间做这项工作。根据句意及these
days可知，此处强调从过去某个时间开始到现在一直在做的事情，因此用现在完成进行时。]
B．单句改错
1．In
the
last
few
years,
China
made
great
achievements
in
environmental
protection.
________________________________________________________
答案 made前加has [根据时间状语in
the
last
few
years用现在完成时。]
2．—Dr
Jackson
is
not
in
his
office
at
the
moment.
—All
right.
I
call
him
later.
________________________________________________________
答案 call前加will [表示“临时决定”。]
3．—Is
Peter
coming
—No,
he
had
changed
his
mind
after
a
phone
call
at
the
last
minute.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉had [根据语境可知，改变主意发生在过去某一时间，故用一般过去时。]
4．—What
time
is
it
—I
have
no
idea.
But
just
a
minute,
I
check
it
for
you.
________________________________________________________
答案 check前加will [表示接下来要发生的动作。]
5．The
twins,
who
finished
their
homework,
were
allowed
to
play
badminton
on
the
playground.
________________________________________________________
答案 finished前加had [“完成家庭作业”发生在“被允许打羽毛球之前”是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。]
6．The
Russian
rocket
designer
has
died.
For
many
years,
he
had
served
as
a
deputy
to
the
father
of
the
Soviet
space
program.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉had [由语境可知，当助手应该为过去的事，故用一般过去时。]
7．—Have
you
got
the
sleeping
bag
needed
for
the
camping
this
weekend
—Yes,
I
have
bought
it
almost
the
moment
I
heard
the
news.
________________________________________________________
答案 去掉have [此处应与heard保持一致，故用过去时。]
8．—Do
you
still
remember
the
name
of
the
company
—I'm
really
sorry.
The
name
escaped
from
my
mind.
________________________________________________________
答案 escaped前加has [根据语境可知，此处指过去的动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。]
9．—How
is
your
grandma
recently
—She
feels
quite
good
after
the
operation,
but
her
health
has
taken
a
turn
for
the
worse.
________________________________________________________
答案 feels→felt [此处说的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]
10．—Can
I
help
you,
madam
—No,
thank
you.
I
wait
for
my
order.
________________________________________________________
答案 wait→am
waiting [根据上下文语境可知答话者正在等待，故用现在进行时。]
