A．单句填空
1．If
I
________(see)
it
with
my
own
eyes,
I
wouldn't
have
believed
it.
答案 hadn't
seen [句意：如果不是亲眼所见，我是不会相信的。根据主句谓语wouldn't
have
believed可知，这里考查的是if条件句中对过去情况的虚拟，if条件句中应用过去完成时，故用hadn't
seen。]
2．________
(be)
there
no
modern
telecommunications,
we
would
have
to
wait
for
weeks
to
get
news
from
around
the
world.
答案 were [句意：如果没有现代化的电讯，要想收到来自世界各地的消息，我们就不得不等几个星期。本题是if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反。当if省略时，要使用部分倒装。]
3．Ellen
is
a
fantastic
dancer.
I
wish
I
________(dance)
as
well
as
her.
答案 danced [句意：Ellen是一个极出色的舞者。我希望我能够跳得和她一样好。动词wish后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。再根据句意，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式，故用danced。]
4．They
were
abroad
during
the
months
when
we
were
carrying
out
the
investigation,
or
they
would
________
(come)
to
our
help.
答案 have
come [句意：我们在做调查的那几个月，他们在国外，否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。考查虚拟语气。由句意可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设。]
5．If
she
had
been
aware
that
the
mushroom
were
poisonous,
she
wouldn't
________(pick)
them
for
dinner.
答案 have
picked [句意：要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她不会采来做晚餐了。根据分析可知，if条件句是对过去情况的虚拟，因此主句用wouldn't
have
picked。]
6．—Who
do
you
think
could
have
done
such
a
foolish
thing
—It
________
(be)
Tom,
but
I'm
not
sure.
答案 may/might
have
been [句意：——你认为谁有可能做这样的蠢事？——可能是Tom，但我不确定。根据but
I'm
not
sure可知设空处填may/might
have
been，表示不确定的可能性。]
7．They
would________(arrive)
on
time
for
the
Winter
Olympics,
but
their
car
had
a
flat
tyre
on
the
halfway.
答案 have
arrived [句意：他们本可以按时参加冬奥会，但他们的轮胎在半路上破了。考查含蓄条件下的虚拟语气，根据but后的句子，可知此处表示与过去事实相反的情况。故用have
arrived。]
8．________anyone
phone,
tell
them
I'm
in
conference.
答案 Should [句意：要是有人打电话，就告诉他们我在开会。考查虚拟语气。本句为与将来事实相反的假设，从句用should
do,
were
to
do过去式，本句还省略了if,
可还原为If
anyone
should/were
to
phone/phoned...。]
9．The
examination
results
suggested
that
I________in
poor
health,
so
the
doctor
suggested
that
I________(take)
more
exercises
to
improve
it.
答案 was;
(should)
take [句意：检查结果表明我身体不好，所以医生建议我多锻炼来改善身体状况。第一空中的suggest是“暗示，表明”的意思，从句中不用虚拟语气；第二空中的suggest是“建议”的意思，故用should＋v.原形，should可省略。]
10．—You
failed
to
pass
the
English
test
again,
didn't
you
—Yeah,
if
only
I
________(work)
harder
at
school.
答案 had
worked [句意：——你英语测试又没及格，不是吗？——是的，要是我再努力些就好了。考查虚拟语气。根据上文可以判断此处表示过去的情境，if
only从句中表过去情况的虚拟语气用过去完成时。]
B．单句改错
1．I
would
go
to
my
cousin's
birthday
party
last
night,
but
I
was
not
available.
________________________________________________________
答案 go→have
gone [句意：要不是昨晚抽不出时间，我就去参加我堂弟的生日聚会了。结合句意和句中的“but
I
was
not
available”可知，题干前半句为含蓄条件句；由last
night可知，该含蓄条件句表示对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语形式为would/should/could/might＋have
done。]
2．Were
he
caught
the
morning
train,
he
would
not
have
been
late
for
the
meeting.
________________________________________________________
答案 Were→Had [句意：要是他赶上了早晨的火车，那他就不会开会迟到了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意，此处是与过去事实相反的假设，条件状语从句应该用过去完成时。本题为省略if的虚拟条件句，应把助动词had提到句首，变为倒装句式。]
3．It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
done
it
________________________________________________________
答案 在done前加had [句意：是约翰打坏的窗户，你为什么和我说呢？好像是我打坏的一样。本题考查虚拟语气。第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户，所以第二句中as
if后面要用虚拟语气，而且是对过去的虚拟，故用had
done。]
4．I
should
not
have
laughed
if
I
have
thought
you
were
serious.
________________________________________________________
答案 have→had [句意：如果我(当时)认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。主句中谓语动词使用should
not
have
laughed，表明与过去的事实相反，从句谓语动词应该使用had
done形式。]
5．If
Mr
Dewey
been
present,
he
would
have
offered
any
possible
assistance
to
the
people
there.
________________________________________________________
答案 been前加had [句意：如果杜威先生在场的话，他肯定会给那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。结合句意可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，是对过去情况的虚拟和假设，故在been前加had。]
6．Had
he
predicted
the
disaster,
he
wouldn't
taken
his
girlfriend
to
the
2015
New
Year's
celebration
at
the
Bund,
Shanghai.
________________________________________________________
答案 在wouldn't后加have [句意：如果他预料到这场灾难，他就不会带他女朋友去上海外滩参加2015年的新年庆祝活动了。本句中的条件状语从句采用了倒装形式，正常语序为：If
he
had
predicted
the
disaster,
he
wouldn't
have
taken
his
girlfriend
to
the
2015
New
Year's
celebration
at
the
Bund,
Shanghai.根据语境可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故改为wouldn't
have
taken的形式。]
7．—How
I
wish
I
have
passed
the
geography
exam!
—So
you're
sorry
that
you
didn't
work
hard.
________________________________________________________
答案 have→had [句意：——我多么希望通过了地理考试啊！——这么说你对没有努力学习后悔了。考查wish后的宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。由语境可知此处表示对过去的愿望，故应用过去完成时。]
8．—It
will
be
cool
if
I
won
this
contest.
I
don't
think
I'm
good
enough,
though.
—Give
it
a
shot.
You
never
know.
________________________________________________________
答案 will→would [句意：——我要是能赢这场比赛就太好了。但是我想我不够出色。——试试看，很难说。通过句意和won得知，本句为表示将来的虚拟，所以把will改为would。]
9．—Did
you
make
it
at
last
—Yes.
But
for
your
help,
it
have
caused
a
serious
loss.
________________________________________________________
答案 have前加would/could [句意：——最后你成功了吗？——是的，要不是你的帮助，将/可能会有很大的损失。考查虚拟语气。本句为与过去事实相反的假设，所以可用should/would/could/might
have
done的形式。但should常用于第一人称，might表示的可能性很小。]
10．—Max
looks
nervous.
—So
will
you
if
you
had
so
fierce
a
competition.
________________________________________________________
答案 will→would [句意：——马克斯看上去很紧张。——如果是你参加这么激烈的比赛，你也会紧张的。本句中主句和if条件从句都表示和现在事实相反的假设，可改为：You
would
also
look
nervous
if
you
had
so
fierce
a
competition.然后考虑采用“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”句型替换主句形式。]
易错题一：几个情态动词的误用
[例1] —Who
is
the
girl
standing
over
there
—Well,
if
you
________
know,
her
name
is
Mabel.
[错解] will
[错因分析] 考生对must的基本用法掌握不清，而误填其他情态动词。
[答案] must
[心得体会]
[例2] One
of
our
rules
is
that
every
student
________
wear
school
uniform
while
at
school.
[错解] must
[错因分析] 不了解shall的用法的考生此题就填不出来。
[答案] shall
[心得体会]
易错题二：对一些虚拟语气结构的混淆与误用
[例1] —It's
a
pity
that
you
miss
the
lecture
on
nuclear
pollution.
—I________
(attend)
it,
but
I
was
busy
preparing
for
a
job
interview.
[错解] should
attend
[错因分析] 一些考生没有弄明白此处考查含蓄虚拟语气，因而容易误填。
[答案] would/could/should/might
have
attended
[心得体会]
[例2] Teachers
strongly
recommend
parents
________
(allow)
their
children
under
12
to
ride
bicycles
to
school
for
safety.
[错解] don't
allow
[错因分析] 本题考查了虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法，考生若是对这方面的语法知识掌握得不牢固就很有可能误填。
[答案] not
allow
[心得体会](共40张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题7 情态动词和虚拟语气
考点一 情态动词的用法
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
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考纲展示命题探究
点击进入WORD文稿A．单句填空
1．—Can't
you
stay
a
little
longer
—It's
getting
late.
I
really________
go
now.
My
daughter
is
home
alone.
答案 must [句意：——你就不能多待一会儿吗？——天越来越晚了。我现在真的必须走了。我女儿一个人在家里呢。根据答语中的“It's
getting
late.”以及“My
daughter
is
home
alone.”可知，这里表示必须离开，故用must。]
2．You________
be
careful
with
the
camera.
It
costs!
答案 must [句意：你一定要小心这个相机。它很贵的！根据语境可知，此处表示“一定”，故用must。]
3．You________
feel
all
the
training
a
waste
of
time,
but
I'm
a
hundred
percent
sure
later
you'll
be
grateful
you
did
it.
答案 may [句意：你可能感觉到所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百的确信最后你将感谢你所做的这一切。根据句子中的“but
I'm
a
hundred
percent
sure
later
you'll
be
grateful
you
did
it”可判断出，表示对前面情况的一种推测，表示“也许，可能”，故用may。]
4．—I've
prepared
all
kinds
of
food
for
the
picnic.
—Do
you
mean
we
________bring
anything
with
us
答案 needn't
[句意：——我已经为野餐准备好了各种食物。——你的意思是说我们不必再带任何东西了吗？根据上下文可知此处表示“不必”，故用needn't。]
5．My
book,
The
House
of
Hades,
is
missing.
Who________have
taken
it
答案 could [句意：我的书《哈迪斯的房子》丢了，谁会把它拿走呢？根据句意可知此处表示推测，又因是疑问句，故用could。]
6．She
often
appears
as
a
young
girl
on
stage
although
she
________be
at
least
55
years
old.
答案 must [句意：在舞台上，她经常像小女孩，虽然至少有55岁了。此处表示肯定推测，故用must。]
7．Being
constantly
exposed
to
advertisement
is
annoying,
but
it________be
pleasant
sometimes.
答案 can [句意：经常接触广告很烦人，但有时也令人愉快。此处表示客观的可能性，“有时会”，故用can。]
8．Liza________well
not
want
to
go
on
the
trip—she
hates
traveling.
答案 may/might [句意：莉莎很可能不想去旅游——她讨厌旅游。根据设空处后的well可知本空填may/might。may/might
well
do
sth.意为“很可能做某事”。]
9．One
of
the
National
Health
Regulations
is
that
public
schools
________actively
create
conditions
for
sports
facilities
opened
to
the
public.
答案 shall [句意：全民健身条例内容之一是公立学校需积极创造条件向公众开放体育设施。根据句意可知，此处表示规则、规定，且用于第三人称肯定句中，故用shall。]
10．—Amazing!
You________wear
slippers
at
school.
—Don't
you
know
it's
a
fashion
答案 should [句意：——太奇怪了，你竟然在学校穿拖鞋。——难道你不知道这很时尚吗？根据语境表示一种惊讶，故用should。]
B．单句改错
1．—Sorry,
Mum!
I
failed
the
job
interview
again.
—Oh,
it's
too
bad.
You
must
have
made
full
preparations.
________________________________________________________
答案 must→should [句意：——对不起，妈妈，我工作面试又失败了。——哦，太糟糕了，你本应该做充分准备。根据句意可知，此处表示“本应该做某事而实际上没做”暗含对对方的责备，故用should，而must
have
done表示“过去一定做了……”，与句意不符。]
2．Sometimes
people
simply
mustn't
trust
anymore.
________________________________________________________
答案 mustn't→can't [句意：有时候人们只是不能再相信(他人)了。can't不能，符合句意。mustn't不准；禁止。]
3．Although
you
must
find
bargains
in
London,
it's
not
generally
a
cheap
place
to
shop.
________________________________________________________
答案 must→can [句意：虽然你在伦敦可能会买到减价品，但通常那儿不是一个能买到便宜货的地方。must意为“一定”，此处表示客观的“可能性”，故把must改为can。]
4．Should
I
have
a
word
with
you
It
won't
take
long.
________________________________________________________
答案 Should→Can/May [句意：我可以和你说句话吗？不会耽误很长时间。根据句意可知此处表示请求，“可以”，should为应该，故把Should改为Can/May。]
5．Life
is
unpredictable;
even
the
poorest
must
become
the
richest.
________________________________________________________
答案 must→may/might [句意：生活是不可预测的，即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。根据句意可知本空表示把握性不大的推测，故把must改为may/might可能。]
6．—These
grapes
look
really
beautiful.
—They
can!
See
the
price
$3.99
a
pound.
Very
expensive,
aren't
they
________________________________________________________
答案 can→should [句意：——这些葡萄看起来很漂亮。——它们应该这样！看价钱，3.99美元一磅，太贵了，是不是？根据句意可以猜出葡萄看起来好是应该的，因为价格贵。]
7．I
mustn't
thank
you
too
much
because
without
your
help
I
wouldn't
have
won
the
first
prize.
________________________________________________________
答案 mustn't→can't [句意：我都不知道该怎么谢你了。没有你的帮助我不会获得一等奖。can't与too连用，意为：再……也不为过。]
8．Nuclear
energy
must
be
really
dangerous
at
times
even
though
it's
a
kind
of
nice
energy
in
general.
________________________________________________________
答案 must→can [句意：尽管核能在总体上是一种不错的能源，但它有时可能真的会很危险。can用于肯定句可表示客观上的可能性，意为：有时会，可能会。]
9.We
can't
imagine
that
two
children
shall
be
killed
by
the
washing
machine
of
their
house.
________________________________________________________
答案 shall→should [句意：我们无法想象两个孩子竟然被家里的洗衣机绞死了。should表示“竟然”。]
10．One
of
our
rules
is
that
every
student
must
wear
school
uniform
while
at
school.
________________________________________________________
答案 must→shall [句意：我们的规定之一是学生在学校时需要穿校服。在明文规定中，常使用shall来表示规定做的事情。](共30张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题7 情态动词和虚拟语气
考点二 虚拟语气
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
icons:
shiny
and
D-set
2
点击进入WORD文稿
