(共23张PPT)
高考英语
第一部分 语法知识及运用
专题14 短文改错
撬点·基础点
重难点
撬法·命题法
解题法
撬题·对点题
必刷题
vector
icons:
shiny
and
D-set
2
考纲展示命题探究
点击进入WORD文稿Correction
1
限时：7分钟
When
I
was
a
child,
I
hoped
to
live
in
the
city.
I
think
I
would
be
happy
there.
Now
I
am
living
in
a
city,
but
I
miss
my
home
in
countryside.
There
the
air
is
clean
or
the
mountains
are
green.
Unfortunately,
on
the
development
of
industrialization,
the
environment
has
been
polluted.
Lots
of
studies
have
been
shown
that
global
warming
has
already
become
a
very
seriously
problem.
The
airs
we
breathe
in
is
getting
dirtier
and
dirtier.
Much
rare
animals
are
dying
out.
We
must
found
ways
to
protect
your
environment.
If
we
fail
to
do
so,
we'll
live
to
regret
it.
答案
When
I
was
a
child,
I
hoped
to
live
in
the
city.
I
I
would
be
happy
there.
Now
I
am
living
in
a
city,
but
I
miss
my
home
in
countryside.
There
the
air
is
clean
the
mountains
are
green.
Unfortunately,
the
development
of
industrialization,
the
environment
has
been
polluted.
Lots
of
studies
have
shown
that
global
warming
has
already
become
a
very
problem.
The
we
breathe
in
is
getting
dirtier
and
dirtier.
rare
animals
are
dying
out.
We
must
ways
to
protect
environment.
If
we
fail
to
do
so,
we'll
live
to
regret
it.
Correction
2
限时：7分钟
One
day,
little
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
parent.
It
was
very
crowded.
Tony
saw
a
toy
on
a
shop
window.
He
liked
it
so
very
much
that
he
quickly
walked
into
the
shop.
After
looks
at
the
toy
for
some
time,
he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
Tony
was
scared
and
begun
to
cry.
A
woman
saw
him
crying
and
telling
him
to
wait
outside
a
shop.
Five
minutes
later,
Tony
saw
parents.
Mom
said,
“How
nice
to
see
you
again!
Dad
and
I
were
terrible
worried.”
Tony
promised
her
that
this
would
never
happen
again.
答案
One
day,
little
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
.
It
was
crowded.
Tony
saw
a
toy
a
shop
window.
He
liked
it
so
very
much
that
he
quickly
walked
into
the
shop.
After
at
the
toy
for
some
time,
he
turned
around
and
found
eq
\o(where,\s\do14(/that))
his
parents
were
missing.
Tony
was
scared
and
to
cry.
A
woman
saw
him
crying
and
him
to
wait
outside
shop.
Five
minutes
later,
Tony
saw
parents.
Mom
said,
“How
nice
to
see
you
again!
Dad
and
I
were
worried.”
Tony
promised
her
that
this
would
never
happen
again.
Correction
3
限时：7分钟
My
soccer
coach
retired
in
last
week.
I
wanted
to
do
anything
special
for
him
at
his
retirement
party.
My
mum
makes
the
better
biscuits
in
the
world,
so
I
decide
to
ask
her
for
help.
Mum
taught
me
some
basic
step
of
baking.
I
insisted
on
doing
most
of
the
baking
myself.
I
thought
the
biscuits
were
really
well.
My
only
mistake
was
that
I
dropped
some
on
the
floor
after
I
was
packing
them
up.
At
a
party,
my
coach,
with
a
biscuit
in
his
mouth,
asked
surprisingly
who
made
them
and
joked,
“I
might
have
to
retire
again
next
year
just
get
some
more
of
these
biscuits.”
My
favorite
picture
at
the
party
is
of
my
coach
and
me
enjoy
the
biscuits
with
happy
laughter!
答案
My
soccer
coach
retired
last
week.
I
wanted
to
do
special
for
him
at
his
retirement
party.
My
mum
makes
the
biscuits
in
the
world,
so
I
to
ask
her
for
help.
Mum
taught
me
some
basic
of
baking.
I
insisted
on
doing
most
of
the
baking
myself.
I
thought
the
biscuits
were
really
.
My
only
mistake
was
that
I
dropped
some
on
the
floor
I
was
packing
them
up.
At
party,
my
coach,
with
a
biscuit
in
his
mouth,
asked
surprisingly
who
made
them
and
joked,
“I
might
have
to
retire
again
next
year
just
get
some
more
of
these
biscuits.”
My
favorite
picture
at
the
party
is
of
my
coach
and
me
the
biscuits
with
happy
laughter!
Correction
4
限时：7分钟
Hi,
Janice，
It's
been
a
month
since
I
came
to
this
new
school
and
I
really
want
share
with
you
some
of
the
problems
I
have
been
experiencing.
As
I
tell
you
last
time,
I
made
three
new
friend
here.
We
hang
out
together
during
lunch
and
after
school.
We've
been
spending
a
lot
of
time
sing
in
karaoke
bars.
It's
been
three
Saturdays
now
and
it
really
costs
me
many.
And
I
started
to
see
this
as
a
time wasting
activity!
In
fact,
I
don't
like
to
go
anymore,
so
I'm
afraid
I'll
lose
their
friendship.
How
do
you
think
I
should
do
If
you
are
me,
would
you
talk
to
him
Please
help
with
me
and
give
me
some
advice.
Grace
答案
Hi,
Janice，
It's
been
a
month
since
I
came
to
this
new
school
and
I
really
want
share
with
you
some
of
the
problems
I
have
been
experiencing.
As
I
you
last
time,
I
made
three
new
here.
We
hang
out
together
during
lunch
and
after
school.
We've
been
spending
a
lot
of
time
in
karaoke
bars.
It's
been
three
Saturdays
now
and
it
really
costs
me
.
And
I
started
to
see
this
as
a
time wasting
activity!
In
fact,
I
don't
like
to
go
anymore,
I'm
afraid
I'll
lose
their
friendship.
do
you
think
I
should
do
If
you
me,
would
you
talk
to
？
Please
help
me
and
give
me
some
advice.
Grace
Correction
5
限时：7分钟
My
old
classroom
was
interesting
because
three
side
of
the
classroom
were
made
from
glass.
I
enjoyed
sit
close
to
the
windows
and
looking
at
the
view.
On
the
left hand
side
of
the
class,
I
could
easy
see
the
football
field.
In
the
mornings,
it
was
full
of
students
exercising.
The
view
from
the
back
of
the
classroom
is
also
splendid.
Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
tress
around
them.
Farther
in
the
distance,
I
could
not
enjoy
the
view
of
snowy
mountains.
On
the
right
side
of
the
class
was
the
road.
I
was
always
interested
to
see
the
drivers
in
hurry
in
the
morning.
The
position
of
the
classroom
with
its
view
made
me
felt
like
I
was
dreaming.
If
I
was
only
a
child
when
I
studied
in
the
classroom,
I
will
never
forget
it.
答案
My
old
classroom
was
interesting
because
three
of
the
classroom
were
made
glass.
I
enjoyed
close
to
the
windows
and
looking
at
the
view.
On
the
left hand
side
of
the
class,
I
could
see
the
football
field.
In
the
mornings,
it
was
full
of
students
exercising.
The
view
from
the
back
of
the
classroom
also
splendid.
Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
tress
around
.
Farther
in
the
distance,
I
could
enjoy
the
view
of
snowy
mountains.
On
the
right
side
of
the
class
was
the
road.
I
was
always
interested
to
see
the
drivers
in
hurry
in
the
morning.
The
position
of
the
classroom
with
its
view
made
me
like
I
was
dreaming.
I
was
only
a
child
when
I
studied
in
the
classroom,
I
will
never
forget
it.
Correction
6
限时：7分钟
Travelled
abroad,
you
should
follow
the
customs
of
the
country
where
you
are
visiting.
When
you
invited,
it
is
good
manners
to
refuse
or
accept
an
invitation,
either
by
writing
or
by
telephoning.
If
you
go
to
the
party,
it
is
polite
to
reach
on
time.
It
is
good
manners
to
shake
hand
with
your
host.
You
can
take
a
present
if
you
like,
possibly
a
bottle
of
wine,
a
box
of
chocolates
and
some
flowers.
However,
it
was
not
bad
manners
to
take
nothing.
It
is
not
polite
to
stay
too
late
before
the
other
guests
have
gone.
Also,
it
is
suggested
to
write
or
telephone
a
day
or
two
late
to
thank
your
host.
答案
abroad,
you
should
follow
the
customs
of
the
country
eq
\o(where,\s\do14(/which/that))
you
are
visiting.
When
you
invited,
it
is
good
manners
to
refuse
or
accept
invitation,
either
by
writing
or
by
telephoning.
If
you
go
to
the
party,
it
is
polite
to
on
time.
It
is
good
manners
to
shake
with
your
host.
You
can
take
a
present
if
you
like,
possibly
a
bottle
of
wine,
a
box
of
chocolates
some
flowers.
However,
it
not
bad
manners
to
take
nothing.
It
is
not
polite
to
stay
too
late
the
other
guests
have
gone.
Also,
it
is
suggested
to
write
or
telephone
a
day
or
two
to
thank
your
host.
Correction
7
限时：6分钟
A
little
girl
is
chasing
a
ball
on
the
road!
If
you
are
a
driver,
how
will
you
do
when
you
see
this
Slow
down.
Great!
That's
what
they
want!
A
3D
image
of
a
little
girl
chase
a
ball
was
painted
on
the
road
in
the
front
of
Ecole
Pauline
Johnson
Elementary
School
in
West
Vancouver.
It
is
also
a
sign
near
the
image
which
reads,
“You're
probably
not
expecting
a
child
run
into
traffic.”
It
is
part
of
the
project
knowing
as
“Preventable.
ca”.
The
project
is
to
promote
public
safe
and
to
tell
driver
to
slow
down
while
in
school
areas.
Eight－years－old
Lauren
Fisher
was
the
model
for
the
3D
image.
Lauren's
mother
said，“My
daughter
kept
saying,
‘We're
going
to
make
people
to
drive
slower
around
schools.’”
答案
A
little
girl
is
chasing
a
ball
on
the
road!
If
you
are
a
driver,
will
you
do
when
you
see
this
Slow
down.
Great!
That's
what
they
want!
A
3D
image
of
a
little
girl
a
ball
was
painted
on
the
road
in
front
of
Ecole
Pauline
Johnson
Elementary
School
in
West
Vancouver.
is
also
a
sign
near
the
image
which
reads,
“You're
probably
not
expecting
a
child
run
into
traffic.”
It
is
part
of
the
project
as
“Preventable.
ca”.
The
project
is
to
promote
public
and
to
tell
to
slow
down
while
in
school
areas.
Lauren
Fisher
was
the
model
for
the
3D
image.
Lauren's
mother
said，“My
daughter
kept
saying,
‘We're
going
to
make
people
drive
slower
around
schools.
’”
Correction
8
限时：7分钟
I'd
like
to
tell
you
what
our
school
had
worked
out
a
new
program.
The
purposes
of
the
program
is
to
make
our
school
more
beautiful,
and
to
turn
our
school
into
the
better
place
for
us
to
study
and
live
in.
According
on
the
program,
we
will
plant
different
kinds
of
trees,
flower
and
grass
around
our
school.
Beside,
we
will
build
a
small
garden
in
where
we
can
do
some
reading
and
take
a
rest.
What's
more,
some
statues
of
famous
people
will
set
up
to
encourage
us
to
working
harder.
Don't
you
think
it
a
wonderful
program
答案
I'd
like
to
tell
you
our
school
worked
out
a
new
program.
The
purposes
of
the
program
to
make
our
school
more
beautiful,
and
to
turn
our
school
into
better
place
for
us
to
study
and
live
in.
According
the
program,
we
will
plant
different
kinds
of
trees,
and
grass
around
our
school.
，
we
will
build
a
small
garden
或
we
can
do
some
reading
and
take
a
rest.
What's
more,
some
statues
of
famous
people
will
set
up
to
encourage
us
to
harder.
Don't
you
think
it
a
wonderful
program
Correction
9
限时：7分钟
The
other
day,
I
was
invited
my
friend
Sam's
home
for
dinner.
I
felt
a
bit
surprising
when
I
saw
Bill
there.
It
was
two
month
since
we
two
had
quarreled,
so
I
was
embarrassed
and
didn't
know
how
to
do.
I
sat
down
on
the
sofa
but
began
to
watch
TV.
Later
Sam
came
to
ask
me
to
make
up
with
Bill.
Until
then
I
realize
that
Sam
had
arranged
the
meeting
on
purpose.
He
went
up
to
Bill
and
greeted
him
warmly,
smiled
at
him.
He
looked
very
happily
and
talked
with
me
excitedly.
That
night,
we
had
a
great
fun
together.
答案
The
other
day,
I
was
invited
my
friend
Sam's
home
for
dinner.
I
felt
a
bit
when
I
saw
Bill
there.
It
was
two
since
we
two
had
quarreled,
so
I
was
embarrassed
and
didn't
know
to
do.
I
sat
down
on
the
sofa
began
to
watch
TV.
Later
Sam
came
to
ask
me
to
make
up
with
Bill.
Until
then
I
that
Sam
had
arranged
the
meeting
on
purpose.
went
up
to
Bill
and
greeted
him
warmly,
at
him.
He
looked
very
and
talked
with
me
excitedly.
That
night,
we
had
great
fun
together.
Correction
10
限时：7分钟
We
hold
a
discussion
on
the
English
learning
fever
in
China.
Some
agree
that
English
plays
important
role
in
our
lives.
It
is
learning
English
which
can
help
us
understand
the
rest
of
the
world.
Because
of
English,
we
can
travel
abroad
with
tour
guides,
study
abroad
and
understand
the
instructions
of
import
goods.
But
others
say
that
no
everyone
needs
to
use
English
in
the
future.
Only
those
who
like
English
or
need
to
use
it
for
his
work
should
learn
it
enthusiastically.
Other
just
need
to
learn
daily
words
and
properly
pronunciation.
Personally,
English
is
important,
but
connecting
it
to
tests
have
brought
too
much
stress
to
students
and
been
taken
away
the
delight
of
learning
a
language.
答案
We
hold
a
discussion
on
the
English
learning
fever
in
China.
Some
agree
that
English
plays
important
role
in
our
lives.
It
is
learning
English
can
help
us
understand
the
rest
of
the
world.
Because
of
English,
we
can
travel
abroad
tour
guides,
study
abroad
and
understand
the
instructions
of
goods.
But
others
say
that
everyone
needs
to
use
English
in
the
future.
Only
those
who
like
English
or
need
to
use
it
for
work
should
learn
it
enthusiastically.
just
need
to
learn
daily
words
and
pronunciation.
Personally,
English
is
important,
but
connecting
it
to
tests
brought
too
much
stress
to
students
and
taken
away
the
delight
of
learning
a
language.
易错题一：谓语动词与非谓语动词的误用
[例1] My
favorite
picture
at
the
party
is
of
my
coach
and
me
enjoy
the
biscuits
with
happy
laughter!
[错因分析] 考生不注意分析句子结构，做题时受汉语的影响。
[答案] enjoy→enjoying。考查非谓语动词。在介词of之后要用动词 ing形式。
[心得体会]
[例2] But
now
we
often
discuss
and
try
to
solve
the
problems
raising
by
the
teachers
or
ourselves.
[错因分析] 这属于非谓语动词的误用，考生忽略了作定语时现在分词表示主动意义而过去分词表示被动意义。
[答案] raising→raised。分析句子结构可知，raising
by
the
teachers
or
ourselves在句中作定语修饰the
problems，又因为the
problems和raise之间的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词raised。
[心得体会]
易错题二：主谓一致的误用
[例1] Good
night
and
remember,
you,
my
dear
diary,
is
my
only
souvenir
from
my
past
life
and
my
only
friend.
[错因分析] 考生误认为句子的主语为my
dear
diary，其实you才是句子真正的主语。
[答案] is→are。考查主谓一致。此处主语是you，而my
dear
diary为you的同位语，所以系动词用are。
[心得体会]
[例2] Bill
was
standing
at
the
gate
of
the
car，talking
to
two
men
who
was
helping
him
to
repair
it.
[错因分析] 考生忽略了定语从句中的主谓一致问题。
[答案] 第二个was→were。因先行词two
men是复数，所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数。
[心得体会]
易错题三：动词时态及语态的误用
[例1] ...Lots
of
studies
have
been
shown
that
global
warming
has
already
become
a
very
seriously
(应改为
serious)
problem...
[错因分析] 有些考生忽视了谓语动词show和主语Lots
of
studies之间为主谓关系。
[答案] 去掉been。句子主语Lots
of
studies和谓语动词之间为主谓关系，应用主动语态。
[心得体会]
[例2] ...Since
then—for
all
these
year
(应改为years)—we
had
been
allowing
tomatoes
to
self seed
where
they
please...
[错因分析] 考生忽略了动词的现在完成时和过去完成时的区别。
[答案] had→have。本句中出现的Since
then和for
all
these
years都是现在完成时态的标志词。
[心得体会]
易错题四：并列连词的误用
[例1] We
were
warned
not
to
cheat
again
so
she
would
need
to
see
our
parents.
[错因分析] 忽略了语境而导致的连词的误用。
[答案] so→or。根据语境可知，此处应用连词or表示“否则，要不然”。
[心得体会]
[例2] He
had
a
deep
voice，which
set
himself(应改为him)apart
from
others
in
our
small
town,
he
was
strong
and
powerful.
[错因分析] 没有弄清句子结构而导致做错。
[答案] 在he前加and。根据语境并分析句子成分可知，本句含有两个并列的分句，此处应用并列连词and连接。
[心得体会]
