课件64张PPT。【话题词汇】
1．victim n．受害者
2．bleeding n． 流血
3．slippery adj. 滑的
4．first aid skills 急救技能
5．turn/go white 变白6．rescue breathing 人工呼吸
7．be under treatment 在治疗中
8．stick to 粘住
9．out of place 不适当
10．check for a pulse 检查脉搏
【经典语篇】
一天放学后，张磊和凌峰看到一位骑车的老人摔了下来，伤了腿，流着血，不少人围了过去。有人建议将老人抬到树下，张磊不同意，说不能动，要检查一下。这时老人没有呼吸了，张磊让凌峰给急救中心打电话，他为老人做人工呼吸，另一年轻人帮助止血。没过十分钟，老人开始动弹了。急救中心的医生们赶到，说张磊做得对。
请你按照上述内容，写一篇100词左右的短文。【佳作欣赏】
One day，after school was over，Zhang Lei and Ling Feng were_walking_in_the_street_when① they suddenly saw_an_old_ man_fall_off_his_bicycle.② One_of_the_old_man's_legs_was_ injured_and_it_was_bleeding.③ Many people crowded around him.Someone_suggested_the_old_man_be_taken_somewhere_in_the_shade_of_a_tree.④ But Zhang Lei strongly disagreed.He had learned some knowledge about first aid before.He said that they ought to leave_the_old_man_where_he_was⑤ and check him.Just then the old man was not breathing.Zhang Lei asked Ling Feng to telephone the First Aid Center and then quickly opened the old man's mouth and tried to start his breathing using the mouth－to－mouth way. Another young man helped press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point.Within ten minutes，the old man began to move a little and the doctors and nurses from the First Aid Center arrived.They all said that Zhang Lei had done the right thing.
【思维发散】
1．仿照第①句翻译句子
我正在洗澡这时电话响了。
____________________________________________________2．仿照第②句完成句子
有人看见她在案发时进入了该建筑物。
Someone________________________________________________
about the time the crime was committed.
3．将第③句改为含有定语从句的复合句
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________4．仿照第④句完成句子
我向他建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。
I suggested to him that we_________________________________
______in another way.
5．仿照第⑤句完成句子
别让她在外边雨中等着。
Don't____________________________________________outside
in the rain.
【答案】 1.I was taking a bath when the telephone rang.
2．saw her enter the building
3．One of the old man's legs was injured，which was bleeding.
4．(should) deal with the problem
5．leave her waiting[词汇突破]
1．confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的
The confusing directions on the bottle made me not take the medicine.
药瓶上的说明令我困惑，所以我没有吃药。【归纳拓展】?多维训练
(1)用confuse的正确形式填空
①This is a very ________ experience.
②We felt ________ with the difficult question.
③The uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much ________.
④What ________ us most was the result.
(2)同义句改写
He was confused with the present Situation so he didn't know what to do next.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)①confusing ②confused ③confusion ④confused
(2)Confused with the present situation，he didn't know what to do next.2．compare vt.比较
My English cannot compare with his.
我的英语水平不如他。
Man's life is often compared to a candle.
人生常被比作蜡烛。
【温馨提示】 compare作状语时，如果与主语是被动关系，要用过去分词形式。如果与主语是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。如：
Compared with them，I'm lucky.
与他们相比，我算是幸运的。Comparing your handwriting with his，you should see his is better.
把你的书写与他的比较一下，你就应当看出他的要比你的好。 【归纳拓展】 (2)beyond/without compare无与伦比的，不可及的 Don't compare your disadvantages with others' strong points.
不要拿自己的缺点与别人的优势相比。
Walking can't compare with flying.
走不能和飞相提并论。
Compared to/with her mother，she is tall.
和她妈妈比较起来，她算是很高了。
The two men look over the papers，compare notes and make several telephone calls.
两人浏览文书，商量了一番，打了几个电话。?完成句子
①Surprisingly，________(与……相比) those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.
令人吃惊的是，与身体不健康或是收入不高的回答者相比，身体好或收入高的回答者与预期更大的身体器官功能衰退联系在一起。
②To our surprise , the beauty of the West Lake is ________。令我们吃惊的是，西湖的美是无与伦比的。
【答案】 ①compared with ②beyond compare?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，B)A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive(认知的)skills，at least when ______ (compare) with chimps.
【答案】 compared
3．differ vi.不同，有区别；相异；意见不同
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.
这两大类英语还在拼写和发音两个领域不同。【归纳拓展】British English and American English differ in many ways.
→British English differs from American English in many ways.
→British English is different from American English in many ways.
→There are differences between British English and American English in many ways.
英国英语和美国英语在很多方面有区别。??多维训练
(1)介词填空
①Tomorrow's world will be very different ______ the world of today.
②The two theories differ ______ each other in many ways.
③Tom differs ______ Mike on/about the plan made yesterday.(2)一句多译
美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。
①___________________________________________(difference)
②____________________________________________(differ in)
③___________________________________________(differ from)
④____________________________________________(different)
【答案】 (1)①from ②from ③with
(2)①There are many differences between Americans and Chinese in managing time.
②Americans and Chinese differ in managing time.
③Americans differ from Chinese in managing time.
④Americans are different from Chinese in managing time.
?高考链接
(2016·北京卷，D)Because a college community(群体)________(differ) from the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.
【答案】 differs4．add vt.
(1)加；增加
Add legs to the snake after you have finished drawing it.
画蛇添足。
Add up all the money I owe you.
把我欠你的钱都加在一起。
The wonderful view added to our pleasure.
美丽的景色增添了我们的乐趣。
(2)补充说
“And don't come back again，” he added.
“别再回来了，”他补充说。 【归纳拓展】
add...to...把……加到……之上
add to增添了……
add up把……加起来
add up to加起来总共是……
?用add相关短语的适当形式填空
①Now try to ________ all the figures.
②The figures ________ 100.
③The fine weather ________ our pleasure.
④Please ________ some sugar ________ the milk.
【答案】 ①add up ②add up to ③added to ④add；to
?高考链接
(2016·天津卷，2)The dictionary is out of date：many words have been ________(add) to the language since it was published.
【答案】 added5．present
(1)vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)
Will you present your ideas to the whole class?
你可不可以把你的想法向全班同学陈述一下呢？
He presented a suggestion to the headmaster.
他向校长提出了一项建议。
(2)vt.赠送；颁发
They presented flowers to their teacher.
他们献花给老师。(3)vt.介绍；呈现
May I present Mr.Robinson to you?
我可以向你介绍罗宾逊先生吗？
He had to present a smiling face though heavy-hearted.
虽然忧心忡忡，但他还得露出一副笑容。
(4)n.[C]礼物，赠品
He often gave his neighbor's kids little presents.
他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。
(5)n.现在，目前
At present，he is on holiday.
目前，他正在度假。(6)adj.目前的；出席的
How many people were present at the meeting?
会议有多少人出席？【归纳拓展】 巧学助记 【温馨提示】 present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时常用作前置定语。 ?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①The boy was punished ______ the presence of all his classmates.
②We were present _____ the concert while Tom was absent from it.
③The mayor presented him ____ a gold medal at an official city reception.
④I will leave the matter as it stands ______ the present.
(2)完成句子
①What he said at the meeting astonished ______(所有在场的人)．
②They are optimistic about ______(目前的形势)．
【答案】 (1)①in ②at ③with ④for (2)①everybody present ②the present situation
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷，C)His black－and－white pictures ________ (present) a world almost lost in time.
【答案】 present?6．attempt
(1)n.努力；尝试
He made an attempt to pass the exam，but it was too difficult.
他试图通过考试，但考试太难了。 This is my first attempt at English composition.
这是我第一次尝试写英语作文。
(2)vt.& vi.试图；企图
He is attempting to swim from England to France.
他正试图从英国游到法国。 【归纳拓展】 ?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①I passed my driving test ______ the first attempt.
②Someone has made an attempt ______ the president's life.
③He attempted ______(escape) from the prison，but he couldn't find anybody to help him.
(2)一句多译
他们试图攀登那座小山。
①______________________________________(attempt n．)
②________________________________________(attempt v．)
【答案】 (1)①at ②on ③to escape
(2)①They made an attempt to climb/(at) climbing that hill.
②They attempted to climb/(at)climbing that hill.
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅰ，D)Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore________(attempt) may be made to fill every gap (间隙)with conversation.
【答案】 attempts[短语聚焦]
1．make a difference 有影响，使不相同
Our nation makes a big difference to the peace and development of the whole world.
我们国家对于整个世界的和平和发展有重要的影响。
What difference will it make if she doesn't come to help us?
如果她不来帮助我们，这有影响吗？
【温馨提示】 difference在这个短语中作可数或不可数名词皆可，常被a，a big，a great，much，no，any，some等词修饰。?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Humans differ ______ other animals ______ their ability to speak.
②The two things are the same in their appearance，but different ______ kind.
③What you have told me may make a difference ______ my own position.
④They are twins，so it's hard for me to tell ______ difference between them.(2)一句多译
英式英语和美式英语在单词的发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。
①________________________________________________(differ)
②____________________________________________(different)
③__________________________________________(difference)
【答案】 (1)①from；in ②in ③to ④the
(2)①British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling.
②British English is obviously different from American English in pronunciation and spelling.
③There are obvious differences between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷，B)They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to________(有影响) in the lives of others.
【答案】 make a difference2．have...in common在……方面有相同之处
We found that we had a lot in common and got on well.
我们发现彼此有很多共同点，很合得来。
In common with her sister，Amy likes singing very much.
艾米和她的妹妹一样非常喜欢唱歌。
We have very little in common in our taste.
我们的品味很少相同。
It was common for children to play in the street.
孩子们在街上玩是很平常的事。【归纳拓展】
have a lot/much/a great deal in common with
与……有很多共同之处
have not much/nothing/little in common with
与……没多少/没有共同之处
in common with sb./sth.与……一样
out of the common非凡的，非同寻常的
be common to/for sb.
对某人来说是共有(同)的/常见的
for the common good为了公共利益?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Britain，in common ______ many other industrialized countries，has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.
②It is considered that girls are ________(common) better at languages than boys.
③The two sisters have nothing ________ common.(2)完成句子
①Though they're twins，they ________ in appearance.
尽管是双胞胎，他们俩在相貌上毫无共同之处。
②Children all know ______________—washing hands before lunch.
孩子们都知道这个常识——饭前洗手。
【答案】 (1)①with ②commonly ③in (2)①have nothing in common ②the common sense3．get around四处走动；传播
When we stayed in the city of Huangshan.I got around the downtown.
当我们在黄山市停留时，我到市区各处逛了逛。
Word has got around that the world record of the male 100-metre race was broken again.
消息已经传出：男子百米世界纪录再次被打破。
I tried calling you several times，but I couldn't get through.
我试着给你打了几次电话，但没有打通。 【归纳拓展】
get around＝get about (到)各处走动；(到)各处旅行
get around＝spread(vi.) (消息、谣言等)传开
get across 理解，明白，把……传达，表达出来
get along(with) 进展(行)；相处
get away(from) 逃掉
get down to 开始认真(做某事)
get rid of 去掉，处理
get back 回来；收回
get off 下来，下车；起飞；脱掉，除去
get through 做完，通过；接通
get close to 接近?完成句子
News soon ________ that Rupert Murdoch and WendiDeng had got divorced officially on November 20th,2013.
邓文迪和默多克在2013年11月20日正式离婚的消息很快传开了。
【答案】 got around
4．lead to引起；导致；通向
But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.
但它也导致了大量的美语单词和结构进入英式英语中，以至于现在许多人认为英式英语将会消失。【归纳拓展】 The street leads you to the station.
你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.
食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。
Our English teacher has a strange way of leading us to study English actively.
我们的英语老师有一种奇特的方法促使我们很积极地学习英语。
The evidence leads me to a different conclusion.
这个证据使我得出一个不同的结论。 ?根据提示语填空
With him ①______(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.But for him，we would have been lost，which ②______(导致)serious consequences.His action ③______(使我们相信) that he was our true friend.
【答案】 ①leading the way ②would lead to ③led us to believe
?高考链接
(2016·北京卷，C)This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds，and can________(导致) kidney(肾) failure and death.
【答案】 lead to[句型精析]
1．whether...or...
(1)是……还是……。引导名词性从句。
I don't know whether they will come for our help or not.
我不知道他们是否要来求我们帮助。(宾语从句)
It is uncertain whether she will pass or fail.
她过关还是不过关，还不确定。(主语从句)
(2)无论……还是……。引导让步状语从句。
The moon is a moon whether it shines or not.
(谚)或明或暗，月亮总是月亮。?完成句子
①I don't know ________________________________.我不知道他是否来帮我们。
②It is uncertain _______________________________________.
我们是成功还是失败，还不确定。
③_______________________________，the thing is true.
不管你相信与否，这件事是真的。
【答案】 ①whether he will come to help us or not
②whether we will succeed or fail
③Whether you believe it or not
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，B)If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or，with no greater effort，a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage，he will pull at random—he just doesn't care ________his neighbor gets fed or not.
【答案】 whether2．have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
Did you have any difficulty (in) passing the exam?
你通过这次考试遇到困难了没有？
He had no difficulty (in) finding my home.
他没有费劲就找到了我的家。
【温馨提示】 difficulty在此短语中是不可数名词，前面常由much，some，a lot of，a little，little，any，no等词修饰。difficulty作可数名词用时，表示“一件困难的事”。【归纳拓展】I have difficulty(in)telling the difference between the twin sisters.辨别这对双胞胎姐妹对我来说很困难。
There is no difficulty for you in_being_admitted into a teachers' college.
对你来讲，被一所师范学院录取没什么困难。
With difficulty，we hauled it up the stairs.
我们费力地把它拖上了楼梯。
I had to sell my sewing machine when we got into difficulty_with an electric bill.
我们付不起电费时，我不得不把缝纫机卖掉。
Wall Street has much difficulty in dealing with finance.
华尔街在财政方面遇到好多困难。 ?介、副词填空
①Can you imagine the trouble I had ________ settling the problem?
②I've been having trouble ________ my knee.
③I have a hard time ________ paying attention in class.
【答案】 ①in ②with ③in
“课下练习”见“课时作业” 课件47张PPT。【话题词汇】
1．abstract adj. 抽象的
2．exhibition n． 展览
3．style n． 风格
4．traditional adj. 传统的
5．typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的
6．inspiration n． 灵感；启发7．art gallery 画廊；美术馆
8．work of art 艺术作品
9．under the influence of 受……的影响
10．break away from 脱离；放弃
【经典语篇】
假如你是一名中学生，一个名叫杰克的美国交换生来中国过暑假。你邀请他去你所在的城市参观国画画展，可他不想去。因为他不知道如何去欣赏和理解中国画。请你写一封电子邮件建议他跟你一起去。词数100左右。
【佳作欣赏】
Dear Jack，
I just saw an advertisement for a special free exhibition of Chinese art at the Beijing International Exhibition Center.It's not far from your hotel，so I_think_that_after_dinner_we_could_walk_to_the_center_and_that_you_could_get_to_know_a_little_about_Chinese_art.① The exhibition has been organized especially for the Olympic Games in Beijing so there are some volunteers to help explain the art to visitors.In_front_of_the_center_there_is_a_club② where_many_people_from_around_the_world_often_gather_together_to_talk_about_art.③ After_we_go_to_the_exhibition，we_could_go_there_for_a_cup_of_coffee，④get to know a little more about art around the world and maybe make friends.I hope it will be a special experience for us.I'm looking forward to it，since I really don't know much about Chinese art myself，except that there are four basic kinds of Chinese paintings：figures，landscapes，flowers and birds，and folklore.So you see you don't have to worry that you're not familiar with Chinese art.That doesn't mean you can't understand pictures—remember，art crosses cultures!
I hope you'll join me at the exhibition and experience some of China's great art on your last day in China.I'm sure you'll find it's worth the time.
Regards，
Yang【思维发散】
1．将第①句改为含有定语从句的复合句
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2．将第②句改为倒装句
_______________________________________________________
3．仿照第③句完成句子
昨天我阿姨给我发了一份电子邮件，其中她告诉我她下周要来看我。
Yesterday my aunt sent me an email_______________________
______next week.4．将第④句改为简单句
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 1.I think that after dinner we could walk to the center，in which you could get to know a little about Chinese art.
2．In front of the center is a club.
3．where she told me she would come to see me
4．After going to the exhibition，we could go there for a cup of coffee.[词汇突破]
1．offer
(1)vi.(主动)提出(愿意做某事)
They offered to help me.
他们主动提出要帮助我。
(2)vt.提供；出价
I'll offer you 10 pounds for this book.
我出10 镑钱买你这本书。(3)n.提供；提议；出价
Thank you for your offer of help.
谢谢你提供的帮助。
He made me an offer of 500 pounds for the house.
他出价五百英镑要买我那所房子。
【归纳拓展】
offer后可接双宾语，但一般不接动名词作宾浯。
offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.提供给某人某物
offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
offer sb.some money for sth.出价买某物
offer sb.sth.for some money要价卖某物
accept one's offer接受某人的建议 ?巧辨异同?
offer，provide，supply
(1)offer“提供”，侧重主动给予，多指具体的事物。多用于：offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.
(2)provide“供应，供给”，表示为应付某种需要而提供某物，所提供的东西一般是具体的事物，也可以是帮助、经验、机会、答案、例子等抽象的东西。一般用于：provide sth.for sb.与provide sb.with sth.
(3)supply“补给，供给，提供”，只用于具体事物，侧重补充所需要的东西，有时可以与provide互换。经常用于：supply sth.to sb.或supply sb.with sth.。 ?句型转换
She offered to lend me her bike.
①She __________________________. (用offer改写)
②She _______________________________. (用offer改写)
③She ________________________. (用provide改写)
④She ____________________________. (用provide改写)
⑤She __________________________. (用supply改写)
⑥She _________________________. (用supply改写)
【答案】 ①offered me her bike ②offered her bike to me
③provided me with her bike ④provided her bike for me
⑤supplied me with her bike ⑥supplied her bike to me
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，D)He decided to ________(offer) Shelly－Ann a place in his very strict training sessions.
【答案】 offer2．direct
(1)vt.指挥；指导；指引
Excuse me，can you direct me to the station?
对不起，你能不能告诉我去火车站怎么走？
(2)vt.命令
The policeman directed the crowd to move back for safety.
为了安全那个警察命令人群往后退。
(3)adj.直的；直率的
He took a direct flight to New York.他直飞纽约。
(4)adv.直接地
The train goes there direct.火车一直开往那里。 【温馨提示】 direct可构成 direct sb.to do sth.指引某人做某事。也可接宾语从句，表示命令时，宾语从句要用虚拟语气。从句谓语要用should＋动词原形或省略should。
【归纳拓展】
direction n．指导；说明(常用复数)；方向
directly adv.直接地；立刻 conj.一……就……
in the direction of...朝……方向
?巧辨异同?
direct，directly
(1)direct主要表示“直接”，如行程中途不停顿、不绕道和其他的直接活动。
(2)directly可以表示“直接”，通常用在借喻里；还可以表示“正好地”、“立即”。在口语里用作连词，等于 as soon as表示“一……就……”的意思。 ?选词并用其适当形式填空(direct / direction / directly)
After school, she ________ went to the ________ of the cinema to see the new film ________ by Zhang Yimou.
放学后，她径直向电影院方向走去，去看张艺谋导演的新电影。
【答案】 directly; direction; directed
3．apply
(1)vi.申请
I will apply for the job today.
今天我将申请那份工作。
(2)vt.& vi.应用；适用
We should apply theory to practice.我们应当把理论运用到实践中去。
This does not apply to you.这与你无关。【归纳拓展】 ??多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①The new technology，if ________(apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.
②His ________(apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.
③If the ________(apply) is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.
④The book doesn't apply ________ beginners.
⑤More than 30 people applied ________ the position.(2)同义句改写
If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.
①_______________________________________________(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②____________________________________________(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
【答案】 (1)①applied ②application ③applicant ④to
⑤for
(2)①Applying yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.
②Applied to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.
?高考链接
(2016·天津卷，D)The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to ________(apply)：always handle the most difficult job first.
【答案】 apply
4．require v．需要；要求；命令；坚持(多用被动)
The situiation there requires that I (should) be present.
那边的情况需要我到场。lt is required that you arrive at 8 am.
你必须上午8点到达。(命令)
The girl required an autographed picture of Zhang Liangying.那个女孩向张靓颖要了一张亲笔签名的照片。
The teacher requires his students to pay attention to their handwriting.这位老师要求自己的学生要注意书写。
My mobile phone requires mending at once.
我的手机需要马上修一下。【归纳拓展】【温馨提示】 require/want/need doing表示“需要做……”时相当于require/want/need to be done的用法，两种用法在句型转换时可互换。?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Our goal is to satisfy every ______(require) of our users.
②You are required ______(pay) the money by next Saturday.
(2)同义句改写
①This wall requires repairing.(用不定式作宾语改写)
_______________________________________________________
②The situation required us to make an immediate decision.(改为复合句)
_______________________________________________________【答案】 (1)①requirement ②to pay
(2)①This wall requires to be repaired.
②The situation required that we(should) make an immediate decision.
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅱ)Others are concerned about using gardening methods that ______ (require) less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)．
【答案】 require5．demand
(1)n.要求；需要
It is impossible to satisfy all demands.
有求必应是不可能的。
Qualified teachers are always in great demand.
合格的老师总是很需要的。
(2)vt.要求；需要
She demanded to see the headmaster.
她请求见校长。
The policeman demanded that the gate should be shut.
警察命令把大门关上。
This work demands care and patience.
这份工作需要细心和耐心。 【温馨提示】 demand后接宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用should＋动词原形或省略should。【归纳拓展】?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①______ demanded in our company，these goods should sign the order in Shenzhen and be paid in RMB.
②My demand is that the information referred to in my report ______(email) to Mr. Brown without delay.
③He found he could no longer cope with his ______(demand) job.
④Passengers must show their tickets ______ demand.(2)一句多译
她要求他归还向她借的书。
①_______________________________________________(that从句)
②________________________________________________(简单句)
【答案】 (1)①As ②(should) be emailed ③demanding
④on (2)①She demanded that he(should) return the books he borrowed from her. ②She demanded of him to return the books he borrowed from her.[短语聚焦]
1．take...for granted认为……理所当然
He always takes it for granted that his parents can buy him whatever he likes.
他总是认为父母给他买他喜欢的任何东西是理所当然的。
His sister comes to see him every week and he takes her for granted.他姐姐每周都来看他，他认为她是理所当然。
You shouldn't take your parents' financial support for granted.你不应该认为父母的财力支持是理所当然的。?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
He took ______ for granted that his parents should love him.
(2)短语填空
take...for granted，take after，take to，take for
①I ______ John immediately I got to know him.
②I ______ it ________ that he will succeed.
③Jane seems to _______ her grandmother more than her mother.
④She looks so young that I ________ her ________ her sister.
【答案】 (1)it (2)①took to ②take；for granted
③take after ④took；for2．in response to作为……的回应
I am writing in response to your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter.
我现在写信是为了应聘你们登广告要招的临时服务生的工作。 【归纳拓展】The film star made no response to the question asked by that reporter.这位电影明星对那个记者的问题未作回答。
The law was passed in response to public pressure.
在公众压力下该法规获得通过。
He responded to his boss，“I have given John a month's notice.”
他回答老板：“我已经通知约翰一个月后他将被辞退。” ?介、副词填空
①The product was developed in response ________ customer demand.
②His question failed to get a response ________ any of the students.
③The US responded ________ sending troops into Afghanistan.
【答案】 ①to ②from ③by
?完成句子
④The film star ________ the question asked by that reporter.这位电影明星对那个记者的问题迅速作出了回答。
【答案】 ④made a quick response to3．take up占据；从事；继续
That boy took my time up with his questions.
那个男孩的问题占用了我的时间。
He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English.
他开始学习英语之前已经学了一年半日语了。
We took up the lesson where we left off yesterday.
我们从昨天停下的地方继续学功课。【归纳拓展】
take in接受，吸收；包括；理解；欺骗
take on承担；呈现；开始雇佣
take over占据；接任(职位)
take away拿走，夺去
take down取下；记下；拆卸
take off拿走；脱下(衣帽等)；起飞
take out拿出；去掉；扣除
take back收回(说错的话)；使回忆起?写出下列句中take up的含义
①Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？________
②Important people don't often have much free time as their work takes up all their time.________
③After he retired from office, Royers took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest.________
④She took up the story where Tim had left off.________
【答案】 ①接受 ②占用 ③从事 ④继续[句型精析]
He was_driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.
他正开着装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道，突然他连人带车翻到了300米深的山崖下。
句中He was driving a lorry load of bananas when...表示“正在做……这时突然……”。when为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。
①We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.
我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。【归纳拓展】
be about to do... when...
正在做……这时(突然)……
be (just) going to do... when...
正要做……这时(突然)……
be on the point of doing... when...
正要做……这时(突然)……
had just done... when...
刚做了……这时(突然)……②My little daughter had just pat away all her things when the lights went out.
我的小女儿刚把她的东西收拾好，突然灯灭了。
??多维训练
(1)完成句子
①We ______ suddenly the storm started.
我们正在湖里游泳这时突然暴风雨来了。
②She ______ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
昨天她刚刚完成作业这时母亲叫她练习弹钢琴。(2)单句改错
①We had just begun to work while the machine broke down.______
②I was about to informing you of the sudden change when an unexpected visitor came.______
【答案】 (1)①were swimming in the lake when ②had just finished her homework when
(2)①while→when ②informing→inform
“课下练习”见“课时作业”
课件60张PPT。【话题词汇】
1．poetry n． 诗歌
2．poet n． 诗人
3．rhyme n． 韵脚；押韵
4．transform v． 转化；改造
5．appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的
6．be popular with 受……欢迎7．take one's advice 接受某人的建议
8．be made up of 由……构成
9．give sb.a deep impression 给某人一个深刻的印象
10．translate...into... 把……翻译成……
【经典语篇】
Wendy是你的美国笔友，非常喜欢中国文化，故给你(张伟)写信想了解唐诗。请你根据下列要点提示给她写一封信，对唐诗加以介绍。 要点：
1.形式多样：有古体诗和近体诗。就字数来看基本上有五言和七言两种；
2.题材广泛：反映社会状况，描绘祖国风景等；
3.著名诗人：……
注意：1.根据提示适当发挥，不能逐字翻译；
2.词数100左右；
3.文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：揭露expose
Dear Wendy，
I'm so glad to receive your letter.And it is really a coincidence that you asked me about the Tang poems，and I just have learnt something about them.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Zhang Wei【佳作欣赏】
Dear Wendy，
I'm so glad to receive your letter.And_it_is_really_a_coincidence _that_you_asked_me_about_the_Tang poems，and I just have_learnt_something_about_them.①
The Tang poems are various in forms and subjects.Generally speaking，they can be divided into two groups—classical poems and modern poems.Not_only_the_length_of_a_line_but_also_the_length _of_a_poem_is_limited_to_a_certain_number_of_words.② There are often four or eight or twelve lines with five or seven words in each line.Poets wrote poems for different purposes，for example，exposing the darkness of the society and describing the beautiful scenes. There were many famous poets during the Tang Dynasty，such as Li Bai，Du Fu and Bai Juyi.If_you_want_to_read_more，the_book_300_Tang_Poems_is_a_good_choice，which_includes_ poems_of_many_well－known_poets.③ _After_reading_them，you_will_have_a_better_understanding_of_the_Tang_poems.④
Yours sincerely，
Zhang Wei【思维发散】
1．仿照第①句用it作形式主语完成句子
试图说服他改变主意简直是浪费时间。众所周知，他是如此的固执。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________As is known to us
all，he is so stubborn.2．仿照第②句用not only...but also...完成句子
在过去的几年里我们见过很多这样的案例：辛苦的工作以及良好的交际能力增加了一个人成功的机会。
(2017·江西八校联考)
We have many cases where________________________________
_______________________________________________________
one's chances of success in the past years.
3．将第③句中的which从句改为短语作定语
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
4．同义句改写第④句
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 1.It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to change his mind.
2．not only hard work but also good communication skills have multiplied
3．If you want to read more，the book 300 Tang Poems including poems of many well－known poets is a good choice.
4．After reading them，you will understand the Tang poems better.[词汇突破]
1．account
(1)n.叙述；描写；报道
This gives a first hand account of the war.
这是战争的直接报道。
(2)n.账目
Please put the price of the meat on my account.
请你把肉钱记在我的账上。
(3)vt.& vi.说明；解释
I can not account for his failure.
我不能解释他为何失败。
His illness accounts for his absence.
他因为有病才缺席。 【归纳拓展】The two accounts of the accident do not agree.
有关这次事件的两篇报道不一致。
We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.
由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。
We should also take account of difficulties.
我们也应该考虑到困难。
On no account must you tell him about our plans.
你决不能把我们的计划告诉他。
We had to account to our boss for every penny we spent.
我们得向老板交代清楚我们花的每一分钱。?多维训练
(1)短语填空
account for，take account of，on no account，on
account of
①At first he hesitated ______ the expense.
②Who will ______ my chickens when I am out?
③You should ______ tell him，for it's a secret.
④We must ______ every penny we spend on business trips.
(2)同义句改写___________________(把上题句③改为倒装句)
【答案】 (1)①on account of ②take account of ③on no account ④account for (2)On no account should you tell him，for it's a secret.2．lie
(1)vi.说谎；撒谎
It's a very bad thing to lie.说谎是很不好的。
(2)n.谎言
You are lying and lies can not cover up facts.
你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。
(3)vi.(平)躺；位于
Ireland lies to the west of England.
爱尔兰位于英格兰的西部。 【归纳拓展】 【温馨提示】?完成句子
①She ________ (放) the baby gently down on the bed a moment ago.
②He never ________ (说谎) in his life.
③John ________ (躺) on his back again when I came in.
④The tables were ________ (摆放) lengthwise.
⑤_______ (躺) down on the couch there. Let me examine your belly.
【答案】 ①laid ②lied ③lay ④laid ⑤Lie
高考链接
(2016·浙江卷，A)Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute ________(lie)．
【答案】 lie3．panic
(1)vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)恐慌；(使)惊慌失措
The crowd panicked at the sound of the explosion.
爆炸声一响，人群便惊慌起来。
(2)n.恐慌；惊慌
There was a panic in the shop when a fire started.
商店里失火时一片慌乱。
The crowd ran out in a panic.
群众惊慌失措地跑出去。
【温馨提示】 panic作名词用时，前面常用不定冠词a。如：cause a panic导致惊慌。?完成句子
①我发觉门锁上了，十分惊慌。
I________________________________________________________________________when I found the
door was locked.
②蜜蜂飞近了，他更加恐慌。
As the bees came closer，his ________ increased.
【答案】 ①got into a panic ②panic4．warn vt.警告，告诫；预告，提醒
【经典例句】We were warned not to cheat again or she would need to see our parents.
我们被警告不要再作弊，否则她将需要见我们的家长。
【归纳拓展】
(1)warn sb.(not) to do sth.
提醒/警告某人(不)做某事
warn sb.of/against sth.
提醒/警告某人提防某事
warn sb.that...
提醒某人……，预先通知……
(2)warning(就可能发生的意外等提出的)警告，先兆 ①They were warned not to climb/against climbing the mountain in such bad weather.
已经劝过他们天气这么坏不要攀登那座山。
②The bridge broke down without any warning.
那座桥在没有任何先兆的情况下坍塌了。
?单句语法填空
①They were warned not ______(climb) the mountain in such bad weather.
②She has been warned ______ the danger of driving the car in the state.
③The bridge broke down without any ______(warn)．
【答案】 ①to climb ②of/about ③warning
?高考链接
(2016·北京卷)Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without ________(warn). If that happened，Seppala might fall into the icy water below.
【答案】 warning5．disturb vt.打扰；打乱
I heard you talking and I didn't like to disturb you，so I went away.
我听见你们在谈话，觉得不该打扰你们，就走开了。
He put his oars in the water and disturbed the smooth surface of the lake.他把桨放入水中，搅乱了平静的湖面。
【归纳拓展】
disturbance n．骚动，打扰
disturbing adj.令人不安的
disturbed adj.精神紊乱的；烦恼的 ?巧辨异同?
disturb，interrupt
(1)disturb有“打扰，扰乱，使(人)心神不宁”之意。如：
disturb one's plan扰乱了计划
be mentally disturbed精神上受到影响
(2)interrupt有“打断，打扰”之意，侧重打断。如：
Don't interrupt me while I'm busy.不要打扰我，我正忙着呢。
?语境填词
She ________ their talking，telling them not to ________ the baby's sleeping.
【答案】 interrupted；disturb6．determined adj.坚决的；有决心的；意志坚定的
He left school early，and as an adolescent，determined to make his fortune in South America，set off from his home in Hannibal，Missouri，for New Orleans.
他很早就离开了学校，作为青少年，他决定到南美洲发财。他从位于密苏里州的家乡汉尼拔出发到新奥尔良。She is a determined young woman.＝She is a young woman of great determination.
她是一位意志坚强的年轻女子。
I'm determined to find out who is responsible for this.
我决心查清楚谁应该为此事负责。
Her encouragement determined me to carry on with the work.
她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。 ?多维训练
(1)用determine的正确形式填空
①From his ______ look，we can know his confidence.
②This work needs long patience and ______.
(2)一句多译
他们决定早些出发。
①________________________________________(determine to do)
②____________________________________(determine on/upon)【答案】 (1)①determined ②determination
(2)①They determined to start early.
②They determined on/upon starting early.
?高考链接
(2016·天津卷，D)Applying my own rule，I ________(determine) to write them in alphabetical order(按字母顺序)，never letting myself leave out a tough idea.
【答案】 determined[短语聚焦]
1．make up
(1)编造(说法、解释等)
The student made up an excuse for his being late.
那个学生为他的迟到编造了一个借口。
Their father is good at making up bedtime stories.
他们的父亲很擅长睡觉前编些故事讲给他们听。
(2)组成，形成
They make up one-third of the province's population.
他们占全省人口的三分之一。 (3)化装，打扮
The girl made up carefully before going to meet James.
这位女孩在与詹姆斯会面之前，精心地打扮了一番。
(4)补偿，弥补
They made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson.他们每课都仔细准备，以此弥补自己的经验不足。【归纳拓展】
make for移向，走向；攻击(＝make at)；造成
make it成功；按时到达
make of懂得，了解；解释
make off匆匆离去，逃走
make over更改，修改
make up for补偿，弥补
make up one's mind下决心
make out理解，弄清楚
make into将……制成
be made up of由……组成?多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中make up的汉语意思
①North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country.________
②I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him.________
③She spent too much time making herself up.________
④Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？________
⑤They had a violent quarrel yesterday，but quickly make up again.________(2)完成句子
①Is there any way that I can ____________ my forgetfulness?
有没有办法可以让我为我的善忘弥补过失呢？
②Let's ____________ at three，OK?
让我们定在三点，好吗？
③The windows ____________ hardened glass.
这些窗户都是由钢化玻璃制成的。
(3)同义句改写
Johnny broke away and ran outside and he was determined never to go to another dance.(用形容词作状语改写)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)①组成；构成 ②编造 ③化妆 ④补上 ⑤和好 (2)①make up for ②make it ③are made out of (3)Johnny broke away and ran outside，determined never to go to another dance.
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，C)Since the poorest are least likely to ________(补偿) for their losses from disasters linked to El Ni?o，reducing their losses needs to be the priority.
【答案】 make up2．set off
(1)出发；启程
Having said farewell to their friends，they set off for home.
向朋友们告别后，他们动身回家了。
What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?
你打算明天几点钟启程？
(2)点燃；使爆炸；引起
The village members set off firecrackers to celebrate the successful completion of the railroad.
为庆祝铁路的胜利建成，村民们放起了鞭炮。
Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.
股票市场上人心惶惶，掀起抛售浪潮。【归纳拓展】
set down放下；记下；登记
set about doing sth.着手做某事
set out出发；开始(后接to do)；陈列；阐述
set up建立
set back把(钟表指针)往回拨；延期
set aside留出；不顾；取消
set to sth./doing sth.开始做…… ?多维训练
(1)介、副词填空
①Difficulties in raising money have set___our building program.
②She set ______ on a trip across Europe.
③He set ______ the heavy box and took a rest for a while.
④It is now our aim to set ______ a factory.
(2)句型转换
The government set about solving the problem of rehousing the victims in the earthquake.
＝The government ______ ______ ______ ________ the problem of rehousing the victims in the earthquake.
【答案】(1)①back ②off ③down ④up (2)set out to solve
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅰ，A)Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also ________(引起)the Montgomery bus boycott.
【答案】 set off3．(be) set in以……为背景
【归纳拓展】
set in(疾病、坏天气)开始来临/盛行
set up设立；创立；建立
set about doing/set out to do sth.着手做某事
set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样
set down放下，记下
set oneself against反对，与……对抗?多维训练
(1)短语填空
set off，set an example，set about，be set in
①The novel ______ the 18th century's Paris.
②He ______ to us in study.
③I will ______ for work.
④We need to ______ finding a solution.
(2)同义句改写
The film is set in prewar London and is popular with most people.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)____________________________
【答案】 (1)①is set in ②set an example ③set off
④set about
(2)Set in prewar London，the film is popular with most people.[句型精析]
1．It looks as_if it'll go under soon.
看起来它好像很快就要下沉了。
as if/as though用在look，seem，smell，taste，sound等连系动词后面，引导表语从句；也可用在行为动词之后，引导方式状语从句。无论是何种从句，当其所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气；当其所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，通常用虚拟语气。其动词时态的判断标准如下：It seems as if the boy has lost his way.
那个男孩好像迷路了。
The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.
那个长发的男青年看上去像个女的。
She loves the boy as if she were his mother.
她爱那个男孩，好像她是他的母亲。
He looked as if he had known something about it.
他好像已经知道了一些情况。
She talks and talks as if she would never stop.
她说了又说好像永远停不下来。【温馨提示】 as if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。如：
Tom dropped his head and didn't dare to say a word，as if not knowing the answer.
汤姆低垂着头不敢说话，好像不知道答案。
Tom raised his hand as if to say something.
汤姆举起手好像要说些什么。?单句语法填空
①The patient opened his mouth as if ________(say) something.
②He stared at me as if ________(see) me for the first time.
③Little Jackie looks after his younger sister as if he ________(be) an adult.
④It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ________(do) it?
⑤He talks about Hong Kong as if he ________(be) there before.
【答案】 ①to say ②seeing ③were ④had done
⑤had been
?高考链接
(2016·上海卷)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she________(be)their own mother.
【答案】 were2．He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only_to find that there were no boats for South America.
他身无分文地到新奥尔良后才知道没有去南美洲的船。
本句中的only to find that there were no boats for South America是动词不定式作结果状语。动词不定式常放在句末作结果状语，有时为了强调“出乎预料”的意思，前面常用副词only。
?巧辨异同?
分词和不定式作结果状语
(1)不定式作结果状语，通常表示继谓语动词动作之后发生的一个相反或出乎意料的结果，常表达“没想到……”、“结果却……”、“不料……”等意思。其前常加 only以强调这一意外结果。
(2)分词作结果状语，通常表示一个自然而然的、意料之中的结果，是主句谓语动词动作的直接结果。?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①I want to buy this，only ______(find) I have no money.
②It rained heavily in the south，______(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.
(2)翻译句子
他去附近的河里游泳，结果却再也没有回来。
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)①to find ②causing (2)He went to swim in the river nearby，never to come back again.
“课下练习”见“课时作业” 课件49张PPT。【话题词汇】
1．balance n． 平衡
2．strength n． 长处；力量
3．healthy adj. 健康的
4．energy n． 精力；活力
5．positive adj. 积极的
6．keep sb.fit/healthy 使某人保持健康7．win...back 赢回
8．take regular exercise 进行有规律的运动
9．keep a good mood 保持乐观心态
10．remove heavy burdens 减轻负担
【经典语篇】
你的网友Mike由于长期上网，出现了视力下降、病态肥胖等多种健康问题，并染上了一些疾病，住进了医院。现在请你以李明的身份给他写一封信，希望他早日康复，并给他一些保健的建议。
注意：1.语言通顺、连贯；
2．词数100左右。
参考词汇：病态肥胖：obesity【佳作欣赏】
Dear Mike，
I'm very sorry to hear that you are in hospital with_eyesight_decreasing① and obesity and some other diseases.I hope that you will recover soon.
You said that your illness was caused by surfing the Internet too much.That's true.Some of my friends，who often do such things，are beginning to feel bad too.They say that they can't see now as clearly as before.And my teachers often tell us that it's_bad_for_us_to_stay_late_surfing_the_Internet_every_day.② Therefore，I think that we should spend less time on the Internet from now on.Instead，we should work out to keep healthy，because nothing_is_more_important_than_health.③Only_when_we_are_healthy_can_we_study_better.④
Follow_the_doctor's_advice_and_don't_worry，and_you_will_be_well_soon.⑤
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Ming【思维发散】
1．仿照第①句用“with复合结构”完成句子
因为有那个男孩领路，我们很容易地找到了那座老房子。
_______________________________________________________
______we found the old house easily.
2．仿照第②句用it作形式主语翻译句子
对我们来说学好英语非常重要。
_______________________________________________________3．仿照第③句完成句子
—How about your trip to Hainan?
—_______________________________________________________
(不可能再好了)．Sometimes I went swimming in the sea；sometimes I lay on the sand.
4．仿照第④句“only＋状语从句”放于句首完成句子
只有当我们完成作业了，我们才能休息。
_______________________________________________have a rest.
5．仿照第⑤句用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”翻译句子
努力学习，你一定会成功。
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 1.With the boy leading the way
2．It is important for us to learn English well.
3．It couldn't have been better
4．Only when we finish the work can we
5．Work hard and you will succeed.[词汇突破]
1．hide vt.& vi.掩藏；躲藏；隐瞒
Hidden in a big jar，he was not found by other boys.
他藏在了一个大缸中，所以没有被其他的男孩子们发现。
I have nothing to hide from you.
我对你没有什么可隐瞒的。 【归纳拓展】
?多维训练
(1)完成句子
①I keep my private papers ______.
我藏起了我的私人文件。
②They claim that they have nothing ______.
他们声称他们没有什么可隐瞒的。
③They ______ in their attic.
他们把我藏在他们的阁楼上躲避警察。(2)单句改错
She felt sure that the letter had some hiding meaning.________
【答案】 (1)①hidden ②to hide ③hid me from the police (2)hiding→hidden
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，28)In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message ________(hide) within the work.
【答案】 hidden2．pretend vt.& vi.假装，装扮；伪称；假想
He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered.老板进来时他假装在看一份重要的文件。
He pretended that he was ill so that he could stay at home.他假装生病了以便能待在家里。
The young actor pretended to be Hamlet.
那个年轻演员扮演哈姆雷特。
She pretended illness as an excuse.
她佯称有病以为借口。
His pretended friendship was part of the deception.
他所谓的友谊是一种骗局。
She pretended(that)she was not at home when we rang the bell.我们按门铃时，她假装不在家。 【归纳拓展】
pretend to do sth. 假装干某事
pretend to be doing 假装正在干……
pretend to have done 假装干了……
pretend(that)．.. 假想……
pretence n. 假装，托辞
pretender n. 觊觎王位、爵位等者；佯装者； 冒充者
pretended adj. 假装的，虚伪的 ?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Don't pretend ______(understand) when you don't.
②When his mother came in，he pretended ______(study)．
③He pretended ______(know) the answer to the problem already.
(2)将下列复合句改为简单句
①She pretended that she was reading a book.
_______________________________________________________
②He pretended that he had known the news.
_______________________________________________________【答案】 (1)①to understand ②to be studying to have known (2)①She pretended to be reading a book.
②He pretended to have known the news.
?高考链接
(2016·浙江卷)He would ask who we were and ________(pretend) not to know us.
【答案】 pretend3．mark n．分数；记号；标志；得分；痕迹v.标明；标志；打分数，批改
I put a mark in the margin to remind me to check the figure.我在页边作了个记号来提醒我核对一下这个数字。
On the day of the funeral，business remained closed as a mark of respect.葬礼那天，各行业都停业以示敬意。
You can't afford to get another low mark in English.
你的英语不能再得低分了。
We entered through a door marked “Private”．
我们穿过一扇写着“闲人免进”的门。
Foods marked with a red star are included in the recipe section.标有一颗红星的食品被列入食谱。 【归纳拓展】
(1)mark sth.with sth. 用……作记号
mark sth.on sth. 在……上作记号
mark papers (给试卷)打分数
(2)get a high/low mark 得高/低分
top marks 最高分
full marks 满分?写出下列句子中mark的含义
①He made marks with a pencil.________
②The festival is to mark the city's 200th anniversary.________
③He was marking essays in his small study.________
④He did well to get such a good mark.
________
【答案】 ①记号，符号 ②纪念；庆祝 ③给(作业)评分(或打分) ④考试或竞赛的成绩，分数 4．extend vt.&vi.延长；继续；延伸；扩大；伸出；伸展(身体的一部分)；给予
As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.
然而，随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间被延长了，这样它就正好在圣诞节以后开始。 【归纳拓展】 The school is extending the range of subjects taught.
学校正在拓宽授课学科的范围。
The River Nile extends as far as the Lake Victoria.
尼罗河一直延伸至维多利亚湖。
The road extends for miles and miles.
这条路向远方绵延伸展。
He extended his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God.
他向前伸出双臂，好像在向上帝祷告求助。?巧辨异同?
expand，extend，spread，stretch
(1)expand展开，扩大。不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。
(2)extend伸出，延伸。指空间范围的扩大以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。
(3)spread伸开，传播。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如：传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
(4)stretch伸展，拉长。一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。 巧学助记?完成句子
①The show has been ________ another six weeks.
展览会又延长了六周。
②Fruit trees ________ over the fences.
果树枝伸出篱笆外。
【答案】 ①extended for ②extended out
?高考链接
(2016·北京卷，D)However，now they are becoming an ________(extend) period of adolescence，during which many of today's students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.
【答案】 extended[短语聚焦]
1．come to an end完结，结束，告终
Don't worry too much of it.All the matters will come to an end.不要过于担心，所有的事情都会结束的。
All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席。
The rainy days have finally come to an end.
阴雨天终于结束了。
The meeting came to an end.会议结束了。【归纳拓展】
bring sth.to an end 使停止；结束
make an end of 把……结束
put an end to sth. 结束；停止
be at an end 完成；结束
to an end 徒劳；无益
to the end 到底
to the end of time 永久
in the end 最后；结果
make ends meet 使收支相抵，量入为出
end up with/in 以……结束【温馨提示】 come to an end为不及物动词短语，后面不能接宾语。接宾语时须用put an end to sth.或bring sth.to an end。
??多维训练
(1)一句多译
那一仗使战争终告结束。
①______________________________________________
②_______________________________________________(2)完成句子
①Only political solution could ______ the violence.
只有政治解决方案才能结束暴力．
②Smell the flowers before you go to sleep，and you may just ______ sweet dreams.
你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，即可终得美梦。
【答案】 (1)①The battle finally brought/put an end to the war. ②The battle finally brought/put the war to an end.
(2)①put an end to ②end up with2．dress up装扮；打扮
The girls all dressed up to take part in the evening party.
姑娘们全都打扮起来去参加晚会。【归纳拓展】
be dressed in穿着
dress sb.up as把某人打扮成……
dress up (in) sth.穿上盛装，化妆，打扮
You needn't dress up and go as you are.
你用不着穿讲究的衣服，就穿平时的衣服去吧。
We dressed (ourselves) up for wedding.
我们为婚礼而盛装打扮。
The boys were all dressed up as pirates.
这些男孩子都装扮成了海盗。
?多维训练
(1)用wear，have on，dress，put on的正确形式填空
①She bathed her and ______ her in clean clothes.
②You don't have to get ______ up for this party.
③They like to ______ their colorful national dresses.
④You'd better ______ more clothes，for it is so cold outside.
⑤She was ______ a black dress.(2)同义句改写
She dressed herself in a warm coat and went to school.
①________________________________________(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②__________________________________________(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
【答案】 (1)①dressed ②dressed ③wear/have on
④put on ⑤wearing
(2)①Dressed in a warm coat，she went to school.
②Dressing herself in a warm coat，she went to school.
3．consist of由……组成；由……构成
Most people are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms.大多数人熟悉一切物质都是由原子组成的这一概念。【归纳拓展】
consist in在于……
consist with与……一致
be made up of＝consist of由……组成
?完成句子
What you say now ________ what you said last week.
你现在说的话与你上星期说过的话不相符。
【答案】 is not consistent with[句型精析]
1．prefer的句式
(1)prefer sth.
“Which do you prefer，rice or bread？” “Either will do.”“你比较喜欢吃什么，米饭还是面包？”“随便哪一个都行。”
【温馨提示】 prefer是“比较喜欢，更喜欢”的意思，即like better，因此就不能再与better，more等比较级词语连用。
(2)prefer to do sth.
They prefer to spend the rest of the morning wandering in the streets.
他们比较喜欢把早上剩下的时间都用来在街上闲逛。 (3)prefer doing sth.
So you prefer speaking without referring to your notes?
这么说，你更喜欢不看稿子演讲了？
(4)prefer A to B
I prefer the original book of The Legend of the Condor Heroes to the adapted TV play series.
我觉得《射雕英雄传》的原书比改编的电视连续剧更好。
(5)prefer doing A to doing B
Even on holidays Professor Wang preferred reading to doing nothing.即使在假日，王教授宁愿读书而不愿闲着。 【温馨提示】 在这种结构中，to为介词，而不是不定式符号，故其后应当接动名词形式，不能接动词原形。另外，为了保持前后对应关系，prefer后面也应当接动名词形式。
(6)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.
These workers preferred to work extra hours at night rather than leave the work until the next week.
这些工人宁愿加班干，也不愿把工作留到下一个星期。
【温馨提示】 这种结构中的rather than可以置于句首。
Rather than go on holiday to the seaside I prefer to work days and go to school nights.
我宁愿白天工作，晚上上学，而不愿到海边度假。 (7)prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事
I prefer you to spare some time to come to our art exhibition next week.
我宁愿你们下星期抽出点时间来看看我们的美术展览会。
(8)prefer＋ that-clause。在that宾语从句中，我们应当用虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”，其中的should可以省略。
We prefer that each new student take a science course.
我们希望每位新生修一门理科课程。?完成句子
①I________ live simply ________ waste the limited resources.
我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿去浪费有限的资源。
②I________ my English classes ________ in English only. (句型转换)
＝I prefer that my English classes ________________ in English only.
我愿意我的英语课仅用英语来教授。
【答案】 ①prefer to; rather than
②prefer; to be taught; should be taught
?高考链接
(2015·北京卷)And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—________(prefer) something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
【答案】 preferably2．...there_was_an_immediate_need_for_people_to_work on them.……急需人手干活。
本句中含有“there is a(n)．..need/no need (for sb.)to do sth.”结构，意为“(对某人来说)做……是有/没有必要的”。need也可以被some，any，(not) much，little等修饰。
Is there any need to explain further?
有必要进行更进一步的说明吗？
【归纳拓展】
there is no time to do...没有时间做……
there is no sense/point (in) doing sth.做……没有意义
There is no time for us to think over.没有时间容我们仔细考虑。
There's not much sense/point (in) arguing any further.
再争论下去也没有多大意义。
【温馨提示】 it is no wonder (that)．..＝no wonder (that)．..(难怪……，……一点儿也不奇怪)。在这两个句式中，只能用it作形式主语，而不能用there。
?完成句子
①____________ so much salt.
我们购买那么多的食盐是没有必要的。
②There is ________ in getting upset about it.
用不着为这事心烦意乱的。
【答案】 ①There is no need for us to buy ②no poin
“课下练习”见“课时作业” 课件47张PPT。【话题词汇】
1．environmentally friendly 环保的
2．pollutant n． 污染物
3．recycle v． 回收
4．non－renewable adj. 不可再生的
5．disastrous adj. 灾难性的
6．alternative energy 替代能源
7．endangered species 濒危物种
8．limited natural resources 有限的自然资源
9．global warming 全球变暖
10．arouse people's awareness of environmental protection
提高公众的环保意识【经典语篇】
你所在的班级正在准备办一期英语墙报，主题为“保护环境，控制污染”，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。
1.工业快速发展的同时也造成了环境污染；
2.增强环保意识和控制人口增长可以减少污染；
3.号召人们共同努力，参与环保。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【佳作欣赏】
We are happy to see that the world economy is developing fast，but with_the_fast_development_of_industry_come_different_ kinds_of_pollution.①We have been surrounded by polluted air，water and soil.It is clear that they_have_become_the_problems_ which_worry_nearly_everyone_and_the_government.②
How to prevent pollution? We must both strengthen people's sense of environmental protection and control the increase of population.We should know that destroying the environment means destroying our own home—the earth.
I hope all the people in the world will join hands to protect the environment.Only_in_this_way_will_we_have_a_good_future.③【思维发散】
1．将第①句改为正常语序
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2．将第②句改为简单句
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________3．仿照第③句用倒装句完成句子
只有认真观察每个雨滴是怎样汇成小溪的，你才能理解如何用许多小的成就实现梦想。
(2017·湖南长沙模拟)
Only by watching how each raindrop comes down in a stream____how it takes many small accomplishments to realize a dream.
【答案】 1.Different kinds of pollution come with the fast development of industy.
2．They have become the problems worrying nearly everyone and the government.
3．can you understand
[词汇突破]
1．perform
(1)vi.表现；表演。常与badly或well连用。
Their football team performed very well in the match yesterday.
他们的足球队在昨天的比赛中表现突出。
The dance was performed with great skill.
舞蹈表演得很高明。
(2)vt.执行；完成；实现
Be slow to promise and quick to perform.
(谚)不轻诺，诺必果。
The young doctor performed the heart operation.
这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。【归纳拓展】 巧学助记??多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中perform的汉语意思
①We're looking for people of all ages who have performed outstanding acts of bravery，kindness，or courage.______
②An engine has many parts，each performing a different fun_ction.______
③This play was first performed in 411 BC.______
④He had not performed well in his exams.______(2)用perform的正确形式填空
The ______ is giving a ______.
【答案】 (1)①做 ②执行 ③演出 ④表现 (2)performer；performance
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，D)At the Beijing Olympics she swept away any doubts about her ability to ________(perform) consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 metres Olympic gold.
【答案】 perform2．advantage n．优势；长处
Her rich experience gave her an advantage over other applicants for the job.
她丰富的经验使她比其他求职者具有有利条件。 【归纳拓展】Take advantage of class time，or you will miss what the teacher says.
利用好课堂上的时间，要不然你会错过老师讲的内容。
A man who can think will always have an advantage over others.
一个会思考的人总是有胜过别人的优势。
It is to our advantage to do more reading.
多阅读对我们有好处。?单句语法填空
①We gain an advantage ______ them because of much more resources.
②They saw a new opportunity and took advantage ________ it.
③He knew it was ______ his advantage to raise the first objection.
④Handsome men are always ______ an advantage.
【答案】 ①over ②of ③to ④at
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅲ，C)If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take________(advantage) of Apple Day to see what's around.
【答案】 advantage3．guarantee vt.& n．保证
I guarantee that you'll enjoy yourself.
我保证你玩得高兴。
This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire.
这项保险保证你在发生火灾时不受金钱上的损失。
This radio has a two-year guarantee.
这台收音机保修两年 【归纳拓展】 ?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①I guarantee ______(pay) off his debts.
②This broken watch is still ______ guarantee.
(2)完成句子
①保证书还有效，所以厂家会给修理的。
It's still ______，so the manufacturer will repair it.
②我不能保证工作一年多。
I_______________________________work for more than a year.
【答案】 (1)①to pay ②under (2)①under guarantee ②cannot guarantee to
?高考链接
(2016·天津卷，A)Our Standard Course________(guarantee) a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language，with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas—speaking，listening，reading and writing.
【答案】 guarantees4．score
(1)vi.& vt.得分
Liu Xiang scored the highest marks in the men's 110m Hurdles final in the 11th National Games.
在十一届全运会的男子110米跨栏决赛中，刘翔得分最高。
(2)n.(比赛时)得分；成绩
The score was five-zero with five minutes left in the game.
离比赛终场还有五分钟时，双方比分为五比零。
Our class made a high score in the last test.
我们班上次测验得了高分。(3)n.二十
At least two score (of ) students have dropped out of school this year.
今年至少有四十个学生辍学。
There are scores of websites offering service of online shopping now.
现在有大量的网站提供网上购物服务。 【归纳拓展】【温馨提示】 score意为二十，它与dozen，hundred，thousand，million等词一样，前面有确定数字时，不加-s，但score可以与介词of连用，hundred，thousand和million前面有确定数词时，不能跟of短语。没有确定数词时加-s及of表示许许多多。如：
a dozen pencils 一打铅笔
dozens of pencils 几十只铅笔
two score years later 四十年后
a score of eggs 二十个鸡蛋
three hundred students 三百个学生
hundreds of students 数百个学生
?完成句子
①He's been to Hong Kong ________ times.
他曾多次去过香港。
②Arsenal ________ a goal in the final minute of the game.
阿森纳队在比赛的最后一分钟进了一球。
【答案】 ①scores of ②scored?高考链接
(2016·天津卷，C)Under Vaillant，the researchers compared the men's mental－health ________(score) with their boyhood－activity scores.
【答案】 scores
5．declare v．宣告，宣布，宣称；声明
【经典例句】 Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional(情感的)attitudes.一些科学家宣称我们的大部分疲劳来自我们的精神和情感态度。【归纳拓展】
declare sb./sth.to be 宣布某人或某事……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war(on/against) (向……)宣战
declare sth.open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
The accused man was declared(to be)innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告无罪。?
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Only a month earlier，Mr.Stenholm had declared ________ the tax cut.
②It was the year when Britain declared war ________ Germany.
③It ______(declare) already that the contract is illegal.
(2)一句多译
他断言那是真的。
①__________________________________________(declare that...)
②_________________________________________(declare...to be...)
【答案】 (1)①for/against ②on ③has been declared
(2)①He declared that it was true. ②He declared it to be true.[短语聚焦]
1．on the increase正在增长
Crime in our big cities is on the increase.
大城市里的犯罪率呈增长趋势。
The poverty of the lower classes was on the increase.
下层社会的贫困有增无减。
He went to Hong Kong on business.
他到香港出差去了。【归纳拓展】
(1)在该短语中，介词on表示“在……情况下，处于……状态中”，类似的短语有：
on fire 着火 on sale 在出售
on holiday 在度假 on show 在展出
on duty 在值班 on leave 在休假
on business 在出差 on strike 在罢工?单句语法填空
①Their salaries increase ______ years of service，education，or promotion.
②The country has increased ______ population.
③The population of this town has increased ______ zero point three percent in the last three years.
④My salary has been increased ______ one thousand yuan.
⑤Our demand for this product is ______ the increase.
【答案】 ①with ②in ③by ④to ⑤on2．rise to one's feet站起身
Steve pushed the blanket aside and rose to his feet.
史蒂夫把毯子推到一边，站了起来。
I'm exhausted—I've been on my feet all afternoon!
我已经精疲力竭了——我站了整整一下午！
The bus didn't come，so we set off on foot.
公共汽车没来 ，所以我们步行出发了。
Despite her sudden wealth and fame，she manages to keep her feet firmly on the ground.
尽管突然名利双收，她仍然设法做到脚踏实地。 【归纳拓展】
get/leap/rise to one's feet 站起来/跳起来/站起来
on one's feet 站着
on foot 走，步行
have/keep one's feet on the ground注重实际；脚踏实地
have a foot in both camps 脚踏两只船
set foot on 进入；踏上
stand on one's feet 自立；经济上独立
struggle to one's feet (挣扎着)站起来?完成句子
①__________ when the visitor comes in.
来宾进来时请大家站起来。
②He can't yet __________.
他尚不能自立。
③It's nice to sit down after __________ all day.
站立一整天之后坐下来真舒服。
【答案】 ①Rise to your feet
②stand on his own feet
③being on my feet[句型精析]
1．So what？那又怎么样？
这是一个表示不以为然或是不值得大惊小怪的常用句式。如：
—I get ninety-five in my test.
我考试得了九十五分。
—So what? I get ninety-nine.
那又怎么样？我得了九十九分。?完成句子
①—Her father is very rich.
—So ______？She wouldn't accept his help even if it were offered.
②How about the two of us ______(go) out for a walk?
③______ if I fail the test next week?
④You look blue.______ is up?
【答案】 ①what ②going ③What ④What2．If you go into a school or university anywhere，the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。
本句中的the chances are (that)．..是一个常见的句型，意为“有可能……”。
【归纳拓展】
这是一个常见的句型，意为“有可能……”。
chance的有关句型：?完成句子
①There are chances ____________.
我有可能考试不及格。
②____________ I will be looking for a new job soon.
我有可能很快就会去找一份新的工作。
③It is ______________ English.
这是我们学习英语的一个好机会。
【答案】 ①that I will fail the exam
②The chances are that
③a good chance for us to study
“课下练习”见“课时作业”
课件55张PPT。【话题词汇】
1．earthquake n．地震
2．tsunami n． 海啸
3．famine n． 饥荒
4．shelter n． 避难所
5．victim n． 受灾者
6．natural disaster 自然灾害7．stricken area 受灾地区
8．a state of emergency 紧急状态
9．the caring donation 爱心捐赠
10．donate blood 义务献血
【经典语篇】
近年来地震的频繁发生给人类的生存带来了严重影响，为此你所在的学校要求学生平时多了解关于地震逃生的方法。现在，请你用英语为班里的同学做一次地震时在室内如何逃生的讲解，请结合下面要点写一篇英语发言稿。
1.来不及跑时可迅速躲到坚固的家具下面或卫生间里面；
2.趴下，闭目，并用毛巾等捂住口鼻，以阻挡灰尘；
3.尽量关掉煤气开关或电器开关；
4.不要外逃或从楼上跳下，不能使用电梯。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．短文要求包含以上要点，但不必逐条翻译；
3.可以适当发挥，增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【佳作欣赏】
My dear classmates，we all know that life is precious.Then how can we protect ourselves when we come across a horrible earthquake? Now let me give you some advice on_how_to_survive_an_earthquake.①When a serious earthquake takes place，we should hide in a bathroom or under some strong furniture immediately.At the same time we'd better fall on the ground and close our eyes with_a_towel_on_our_nose_and_mouth② to stop the dust.If_it_is_possible，please_turn_off_the_gas_stop③ and the electric power switch.But you mustn't try to run out or jump off a building.And do_remember_not_to_use_the_elevator.④
That's all.Thank you!【思维发散】
1．仿照第①句用“介词＋疑问词＋to do...”翻译句子
你们决定好什么时候去上海了吗？
_______________________________________________________
2．仿照第②句用with复合结构完成句子
有一些问题尚待解决，因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。(2017·江西九江模拟)
________________________________________________，we still needed to hold another meeting as soon as possible.3．将第③句改为省略句
_______________________________________________________
4．仿照第④句用do表示强调翻译句子
务必请帮我解答这道数学题。
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 1.Have you decided on when to go to Shanghai?
2．With several problems remaining to be solved
3．If possible，please turn off the gas stop.
4．Do help me with this maths problem.[词汇突破]
1．reserve
(1)n.保护区；保护圈
American Native Indians live in their own reserves.
美国土著印第安人生活在他们自己的保护区中。
(2)n.储备(物)；保存(物)
The city's reserve of water is low.
市内水的贮藏量不多。
(3)vt.& vi.储备；保存
We must reserve money for emergencies.
我们应当储备钱留着急用。(4)vt.留作专用
All the front seats are reserved for foreign guests.
前排的座位全是给外宾留的。
I have reserved the best seats for you.
我已经替你预定了最好的座位。
【归纳拓展】
reserved adj.保留的；预订的；冷淡的；矜持的
reservation n．保留；保留意见；预约；预订
reserve sth.for sb.为某人保留某物
be reserved for留作；(专)供……之用
in reserve储备；备用
with/ without reserve有/无保留 ?巧辨异同?
conserve，reserve，preserve
(1)conserve侧重“为了减少浪费”而进行的保护；
(2)reserve则是为“留作后用”的保留、预订；
(3)preserve侧重“为了不至于灭绝、损坏”而进行的保护。
??单句语法填空
①Frankly speaking，I have little money ______ reserve.
②She told me all about it ______ reserve.
③I reserve my favorable comments ______ my former monitor.
④I reserve the right ______(make) my own decision.
【答案】 ①in ②without ③for ④to make2．protect vt.保护
Try to protect your skin from the sun.
尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒。
Kids should be protected from all that violence.
应保护孩子们免受所有暴力的侵害。
Wear a bullet-proof vest as a protection against snipers.
穿上一件防弹背心以防狙击手。【归纳拓展】
protect sb./sth.from sth. 保护……使不受；
使……免于
protect sb./sth.against sth. 防止……遭受
protect sb.from danger 保护某人免遭危险
protection n. 保护
under the protection of 在……的保护下
a protection against rain 雨具?巧辨异同?
protect，defend，guard
(1)protect vt.一般指借用东西来保护、防御，使人或物免受危害。
Protect the baby's eyes from the sun.
保护婴儿的眼睛，不要让太阳照到。
(2)defend vt.指对紧急危机或侵袭采取武力手段来防御。
Their duty is to defend the country against its enemy.
他们的职责是保卫国家不受敌人的侵犯。
(3)guard vt.指小心谨慎地对可能的危险进行防御，以维护安全，含警戒之意。
Please guard against pickpockets on the bus.
在公共汽车上要谨防扒手。巧学助记【温馨提示】 (1)protect against 和 protect from意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较大的事情，如敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用 protect against；对于较小的事情常用protect from。
(2)在protect...from/against...结构中，from和against 后面常跟sth.，有时against后跟being done来强调动作的被动性。
(3)prevent/keep/stop sb./sth.from doing 阻止某人做某事/阻止某事发生。主动句中prevent/stop...from...中的from可省略，在被动句中from不可省略，且keep...from...中的from也不能省略。?完成句子
①We young people should do something we can to keep the sea from ________.
为保护海洋免遭污染我们年轻人应该做些事情。
②The heavy rain prevented us ________ on time.
大雨阻止我们按时到达。
③Use the umbrella ________ yourself from the rain.
用伞来防雨。
【答案】 ①being polluted ②arriving ③to protect
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷，B)Chimps(黑猩猩)will cooperate in certain ways，like gathering in war parties to ________(protect)their territory.
【答案】 protect3．involve vt.
(1)涉及；包括
Painting the room involved moving out the piano.
粉刷房间就要把钢琴搬出去。
(2)使忙于……；使专注……
He was involved in writing a news report.
他在聚精会神地写一篇新闻报道。
I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students in learning.我喜欢能使学生积极参与学习的教学方法。
(3)使某人卷入
Don't involve me in your quarrel!
不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中！【归纳拓展】
involved adj.有关的
involvement n．卷入；牵连；包含；困难
be involved in包含在……；与……有关；被卷入；专心地(做)；参与
be involved with涉及?完成句子
①It's best not to ____________(使你自己牵涉到)other people's private affairs.
②The test will ____________(包含回答问题)about a photograph.
③I ________ so ________(专心)my book that I didn't hear you knock.
【答案】 ①involve yourself in
②involve answering questions
③was；involved in
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷，B)Whatever you do，don't be a bystander. Get ________(involve). You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you're older.
【答案】 involved4．wonder
(1)n.[C]奇迹；奇事
Computer is one of the wonders of modern science.
电脑是现代科学奇迹。
(2)n.[U]惊异；惊奇；惊叹
No wonder people say that computers are taking over the world.
难怪有人说电子计算机正渐渐接管世界。
(3)vt.& vi.想知道；惊奇
I wonder whether you would mind helping me for a few minutes.不知你是否能帮我一会儿忙。
I wonder at her rudeness.
我对她的粗鲁感到惊讶。【归纳拓展】
It's a wonder...难得；奇怪的是……
(It's) no wonder难怪；并不奇怪；当然
What a wonder！多么令人惊异！真想不到！
wonder at对……感到奇怪
??多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①It's ______ wonder that you didn't lose your way in the dark.
②As he welcomes me into his home，I wonder ______ he feels like easing off a little.
③She looked at the boss ______ wonder.
④I assure you that this medicine will work ______(wonder) for your cold.
⑤______ is no wonder the children are excited—this is the first time they've been abroad.(2)单句改错
It's wonder you recognized me since we hadn't seen each other for so long.______
【答案】 (1)①a ②if/whether ③in ④wonders ⑤It (2)wonder前加a
?高考链接
(2015·北京卷)Finally, you never know what ________ (wonder)idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.
【答案】 wonderful5．struggle n．挣扎；斗争；vi.奋斗，挣扎，斗争，抗争
【归纳拓展】
(1)struggle against 与……斗争
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle with 和……斗争；和……并肩奋斗
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle to do sth. 挣扎着干某事
(2)carry on a struggle 进行斗争
a life-and-death struggle 你死我活的斗争
in the struggle against... 在与……的斗争中They struggled for possession of the gun.
他们争着抢那支枪。
He is struggling to bring up a family on a very low income.
他靠着微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。
In the struggle against the disasters which happened in 2008 Chinese people showed great courage.
2008年，在与灾难斗争的过程中，中国人表现出了巨大的勇气。?多维训练
(1)根据要求完成下列练习
It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.
译文：_______________________________________________
(2)在下列句中填入恰当的介词或所给词的适当形式
①The workers have been struggling _____ bad conditions for too long.
②The two men have been struggling ____ the leadership since last year.
③The wounded young man struggled ______ his feet.
④He struggled ______ (control v． )his temper.
【答案】 (1)为使工作按时完成，我做了一番努力。
(2)①against ②for ③to ④to control
?高考链接
(2016·北京卷，D)Because a college community(群体)differs from the family，many students will________(struggle) to find a sense of belonging.
【答案】 struggle6．focus n．& v．焦点，焦距，中心；对准焦距；把……集中于
【归纳拓展】
(1)the focus of attention 注目的焦点
the focus of the argument 议论的中心
bring...into focus 调准……的焦距，使(事物)明确
(2)focus the camera on 把照相机的焦点对准……
focus one's attention on 把注意力集中于……
focus on/upon 集中于……Recently people focus their attention on food safety.
近来人们把注意力集中在了食品安全上。
He was too shortsighted to focus on the object.
他由于近视过深而无法把视力焦点对准在该物体上。
The case has brought the problem of child abuse sharply into focus.
这个案子已经引起了人们对儿童被虐待问题的高度重视。
?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①______(focus) his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.
②Bring the subject ______ focus if you want to have a good picture.
③With his attention ______(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.(2)一句多译
他集中精力学习。
①______________________________________________(focus)
②________________________________________________(fix)
③____________________________________________(absorb)
④______________________________________________(apply)
⑤_________________________________________(concentrate)
【答案】 (1)①Having focused ②into ③focused
(2)①He focused his attention on his study.
②He fixed his attention on his study.
③He was absorbed in his study.
④He applied himself to his study.
⑤He concentrated his attention on his study.
?高考链接
(2016·天津卷，A)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language，with ________(focus) teaching in all 4 skill areas—speaking，listening，reading and writing.
【答案】 focused[短语聚焦]
1．be concerned about sth.
关心某事，担心某事
My brother is concerned about your health.
我哥哥非常担心你的健康。
It shows that your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you.
这表明你的朋友一直在关心你。
Please don't be concerned about me.
请不要为我担心。【归纳拓展】?完成句子
①Premier Li Keqiang ____________ the plight of the refugees in Syria in his speech.
李克强总理在演讲中对叙利亚难民的悲惨处境表示很担忧。
②He asked several questions ____________ the future of the company.
他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
【答案】 ①showed much concern about
②concerning
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅱ)Others________(担心某事)using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)．
【答案】 are concerned about2．stand for是……的意思；代表，支持；主张；容忍；忍受(用于否定句)
【归纳拓展】
stand against反对
stand by袖手旁观
stand down辞职
stand in暂时代替
stand out显眼，突出，醒目
stand up for支持，保卫，维护The letters WTO stand for World Trade Organization.
字母WTO代表世界贸易组织。
We will not stand for this sort of behavior，young man!
小伙子，我们不会容忍这种行为！
His height makes him stand out in the crowd.
他身材高大，因此在人群中突出。
How can you stand by and see him accused of something he didn't do?
你怎么能眼睁睁地看着他遭人诬陷而袖手旁观呢？?用stand的相关短语填空
①The symbol %________ percent.
②Don't just ________.Can't you lend a hand?
③The new road sign is easy to read；the words ______ well.
【答案】 ①stands for ②stand by ③stand out
[句型精析]
But today the government seems_to_be_winning the battle.
但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。【归纳拓展】 He seems (to be) a very sensible person.
他看上去像是个非常明智的人。
He seemed to_have_forgotten my name.
他似乎忘了我的名字。
It seems to me that this is his most important novel.
我觉得这好像是他最重要的小说。
It seems as if everybody else knew about it except me.
看上去好像除了我之外别人都知道此事。?巧辨异同?
seem，appear
(1)seem指说话人主观的判断，但接近事实。
You seem (to be) very strong.你好像很强壮。
(2)appear侧重指从外表上看似乎如此，但实际上并非如此，不与like连用。
Mary appears very rich，for she always wears very expensive clothes.
玛丽显得很有钱，她常穿很贵的衣服。(但实际上她并不富裕)?完成句子
①The children ________ something in the room.
孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。
②Susan ____________a very sensible person.
苏珊看上去像是个非常明智的人。
③________ Mr.Brown will not come again.
在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。
④________lots of things to learn in the work.
看起来在工作当中还有很多需要学习的东西。
【答案】 ①seemed to be eating ②seems(to be) ③It seems to me that ④There seems(to be)
?高考链接
(2015·北京卷)They annoy us because they seem________(ignore) us and missing the important things.
【答案】 to be ignoring
“课下练习”见“课时作业”
