课件49张PPT。【话题词汇】
1.invention n. 发明
2.progress n. 进步
3.digital adj. 数字的
4.breakthrough n. 突破
5.technical adj. 技术的
6.automatic adj. 自动的7.make a study of 研究
8.shop online 网上购物
9.surf the Internet 网上冲浪
10.browse the web page 浏览网页
【经典语篇】
假如你是李华,最近老师向你们介绍了两种已灭绝的古代动物,并就哪一种动物更加适合被克隆举行了一次讨论。请你结合下表为你所在的小组写一篇发言稿,就选择理由及原因进行说明。注意:词数100左右。
【佳作欣赏】
Dear fellow students,
I'm so honored to speak here on behalf of our group.
After a heated discussion,we agreed that the dodo is the very animal that is well worth cloning.On the one hand,compared with the aurochs,the_dodo_is_much_smaller,which_means_that_the_ dodo_will_consume_much_less_food.①Besides,the dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.On_the_other_hand,the_aurochs_cannot_live_without_ grasslands,while_the_dodo_can_adapt_to_the_hot_climate_easily.②
If the dodo is cloned,that will be of great benefit to us.Because it can not only be a friendly animal but also be an ideal pet for families with children.What's more,it may produce large nutritious eggs and tasty meat for people.
All in all,the dodo would be the_best_choice_to_be_brought③ back to life!
That's all! Thank you.【思维发散】
1.将第①句中的定语从句改为非谓语形式
_______________________________________________________
2.仿照第②句用while...完成句子
北方的学校往往装备较好,而南方的学校相对较穷。
Schools in the north tend to be better equipped,______________
_______________________________________________________.3.仿照第③句用“最高级/序数词+to do...”完成句子
英格兰教会中学Walkwood被认为是英国第一所禁止13岁以下女生穿裙子的学校。
Walkwood Church of England Middle School is believed to be the first in England___________________________________________.
【答案】 1.The dodo is much smaller,meaning that the dodo will consume much less food.
2.while those in the south are relatively poor
3.to stop female pupils under the age of 13 from wearing skirts[词汇突破]
1.defend
(1)vt.防守;防护;防卫
He has two guns and laser eyes to help you defend yourself when you go outside with him.
他有两只枪和激光眼,当你与他外出时它们可帮助你保护自己。
White blood cells help defend the body against infection.
白血细胞帮助身体预防感染。【归纳拓展】(2)vt.辩护,[律]作……的辩护律师
The newspaper defended her against the accusations.
报纸为她辩护,驳斥对她的指责。?巧辨异同?
defend,guard,protect
defend,guard与protect 这组词的共同含义是“保护”。
(1)defend指积极地抵抗、防御或挫败迫在眉睫的危险或侵袭,也可指为某人或论点辩护,常与against连用。
(2)guard意为“保卫,警卫,看守”,指为了保证安全而站立守卫,含有警惕之意,常与against连用。
(3)protect指借用某种东西作为防御、保护工具,使人或物免受伤害,这种保护的成功率比defend,guard高,常与against,from连用。?根据句意选词填空(defend/guard/protect)
Soldiers are on ________ to ________ our country while our government ________ their legal rights.战士们在站岗保卫我们的国家,政府也在保护他们的合法权利。
【答案】 guard; defend; protects?高考链接
(2016·四川卷)They help the body ________(defend) itself against some kinds of infections.
【答案】 defend
2.attend
(1)vt.上学;参加;出席
A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience.
一位去过剧院的年轻人可能发现这次剧院之行是一次令人兴奋的经历。After attending church,the family would go home for dinner.
去教堂礼拜之后,这一家子人将要回家吃晚饭。
(2)vt.& vi.照顾,护理;处理(常与介词on或upon连用)
He has two nurses to attend (on)him.有两个护士看护他。
And she could not insist on the others attending to their duties when she so neglected hers.
她忽视了她自己的职责的时候,就不能坚持让别人履行他们的职责。(选自《乱世佳人》)巧学助记?巧辨异同?
attend,join,join in,take part in
(1)attend用来表示“出席,参加(会议、讲座、婚礼等)”,也指去听报告。
(2)join表示参加某一团体,并作为其中一个成员,如:入党、入团和参军等;如果后接人,则表示参加某人的活动。
(3)join in多指参加比赛或活动,参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏、谈话等某项具体活动,常用于口语。有时join in后不跟宾语。join...in中的join为及物动词,须接人称代词宾语;in后接表示某项活动的名词或动名词,意为“和……一起”。
(4)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等,重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用;part前有修饰语时,要用不定冠词a/an。?完成句子
①He________ the football club.
他加入了这个足球俱乐部。
②Will you ________ us ________ the discussion?
你参加我们的讨论吗?
③He did not ________ the meeting yesterday.
昨天他没有参加会议。
④We often ________ physical labour.
我们经常参加体力劳动。
【答案】 ①joined ②join ; in
③attend ④take part in
?高考链接
(2016·浙江卷,18)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to________(attend) many more in the coming years.
【答案】 attend3.deserve v.应受;值得
I heard the Queen say only yesterday you deserved to be beheaded!
我听到皇后说只有昨天你才应该被斩首。(选自《爱丽斯漫游记》)
I would never hit anyone,even if they deserved it.
我将永远不会打任何一个人,即使他们该打。【归纳拓展】【温馨提示】 deserve doing=deserve to be done,动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,类似用法的还有:need,want(需要),require,be worth等。?单句语法填空
①They didn't deserve ____________.(win)
②I think your suggestion deserves ____________.(try)
③This suggestion deserves ______.(consider)
【答案】 ①to win ②trying/to be tried
③consideration/considering/to be considered4.appoint
(1)vt.& vi.任命,委派
Who shall we appoint as chairperson?
我们选派谁担任主席呢?
(2)vt.约定,指定;安排
The committee appointed a day in June for celebrations.
委员会指定在六月份的某一天举行庆祝会。【归纳拓展】
(1)appoint...as...任命……为……;指定……
appoint sb.(to be)...任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事
(2)appointment n.任命,委派;约会,约定
make an appointment with sb.和某人有约
keep an appointment赴约
by appointment按事先约定的时间?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①The Prime Minister has appointed a civilian ______ the defence minister.
②I have made an appointment ______ Doctor Smith.
③Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ______(appoint) to guard her.(2)同义句改写
He was appointed as captain of the basketball team and led the players to the next session of the Olympic Games.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)①as ②with ③appointed
(2)Appointed as captain of the basketball team,he led the players to the next session of the Olympic Games.5.commit
(1)vt.犯(错误、罪行等)
If we don't understand this,we shall commit the serious mistakes.
我们如果不理解这一点,就会犯严重的错误。
(2)vt.使承担义务(常与介词to连用)
He has committed himself to support his brother's children.
他已答应抚养他弟弟的孩子。
(3)vt.把……交托给(常与介词to连用)
However,we committed our souls to God in the most earnest manner.
然而我们诚心地把我们的灵魂托付给上帝。(选自《鲁宾逊漂流记》)【归纳拓展】
committed adj.(对事业、 本职工作等)尽忠的,坚定的
commitment n.承诺;责任;义务
commit oneself to 使自己承担做某事;专心致志于
commit... to...把……委托给……
?完成句子
Women ________than men.
女性比男性的犯罪率低。
【答案】 commit fewer crimes
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷)First,we decided to buy the resources. But more importantly,we made a ________(commit)to grow together as a couple.
【答案】 commitment[短语聚焦]
1.draw one's attention to引起某人的注意
I like the fact that the article draws attention to...我喜欢这篇文章吸引了人们注意……这个事实
The article was intended to draw attention to the situation in Iraq.
这篇文章旨在呼吁人们关注伊拉克的局势。【归纳拓展】
come to/catch/attract one's attention吸引某人的注意
bring sth.to one's attention吸引某人注意某事
pay attention to注意
devote one's attention to专心于
focus one's attention on把注意力集中在……
turn/direct one's attention to将注意力转向……He drew his attention to the rising unemployment.
失业率日渐升高引起了他的注意。
The TV was on but Di wasn't paying much attention to it.
电视开着,可是黛没怎么注意看。
The statistics reported by the United Nations brought it to our attention that many people are still living in poverty.
联合国报道的这些统计数字让我们关注许多人还生活在贫困之中。
Charlie tried to catch/get/attract our attention.
查理努力想引起我们的注意。 ?完成句子
①The article was intended to ________ the situation in Syria.
这篇文章旨在呼吁人们关注叙利亚的局势。
②Ad writers were starting to ________ the design of the ad text.
广告作家开始更加注重广告词的设计了。
【答案】 ①draw attention to ②pay more attention to
2.take possession of占有(占领)
Joe immediately took possession of the ball and ran,...乔立即控制了球,跑了起来,……
We didn't take possession of the car until a few days after the auction.
拍卖会过后几天,我们才真正拥有了那辆汽车 【归纳拓展】
in possession of sth.占有某物
in one's possession=in the possession of sb.
(某物)为某人所占有(持有)
have possession of 拥有
come into the possession of sb.=come into sb.'s
possession被某人占有;落入某人手中
The merchant is in possession of the land.
=The land is in the possession of the merchant.
=The land is in the merchant's possession.
这块地为该商人所有。 ?同义句改写
He is in possession of the company.
①_____________________________(用the company作主语改写)
②___________________(用he作主语并用possession短语改写)
③____________________________________________(用possess短语改写)
④____________________________________(用possess v.改写)
【答案】 ①The company is in the possession of him/in his possession.
②He takes possession of the company.
③He is possessed of the company.
④He possesses the company.3.be based on/upon以……为基础
The exact origin of baseball is unknown,but it is probably based on an old English game called rounders.
尽管棒球的确切起源不为人所知,但或许它是根据一种叫做圆场棒球的古老的英国游戏变化而来的。
This play is based on a true story.
这个戏剧基于一个真实的故事。
Actually teaching is an art based on science.
事实上,教学是建立在科学基础上的一门艺术。【归纳拓展】One should always base his ideas on the fact.
一个人应当把观点建立在事实的基础上。
?完成句子
①The researcher's conclusion____________ a study of the African elephant's DNA.
调查者的结论是以研究非洲大象的DNA为基础的。
②They found the plane ________ the mountain.
他们在山脚下发现了这架飞机。
【答案】 ①was based on ②at the base of[句型精析]
But there_is_no_doubt_that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”.
但是毫无疑问,他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
there is no doubt that...……毫无疑问。这是一个固定句型,doubt多作不可数名词,that引导的是同位语从句,用来说明doubt的具体内容。
There is no doubt that the fresh,strong,pure air from the moor had a great deal to do with it.
毫无疑问来自荒野中的新鲜的,浓浓的而又纯洁的空气与此有很大的关系。
There is no doubt that Americans are deep in love with the computer.毫无疑问,美国人已深深爱上了电脑。 【归纳拓展】
I don't doubt that...我确信……
I doubt whether/if...我怀疑……
in doubt不肯定,不确定
without doubt无疑,确定
be doubtful about对……怀疑的
be doubtful whether/if...怀疑是否……
I'm doubtful whether she will agree to this point.
我不能肯定她是否会同意这点。
I doubt if/whether we will make a profit out of it.
我认为我们不大可能从此事中获利。?巧辨异同?
There is no doubt that...,It is no wonder that...
(1)There is no doubt that...毫无疑问地。该句型中doubt常和there be句型连用。
(2)It is no wonder that...=No wonder(that)...难怪,一点都不奇怪。该句型常用it作形式主语。?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①I don't doubt ______ he can finish the task on time.
②I doubt ______ they can swim across the river.
③There is no doubt ______ she will come in time.
④I have some doubt ______ he will be elected.
⑤When ______ doubt,we're here for you.Give us a call.
(2)同义句改写
There is no doubt that our experiment will succeed.
There is no doubt ______.
【答案】 (1)①that ②if/whether ③that ④whether
⑤in (2)about the success of our experiment课件39张PPT。[词汇突破]
1.settle
(1)vt.& vi.解决
After her husband's death,Jackie went to the city to settle her husband's affairs.
杰茜的丈夫死亡之后,她去市里处理她丈夫的有关事宜。
(2)vt.& vi.安放;(使)定居
He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.
他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。(3)vt.& vi.(使)平静
After the excitement I tried to settle myself.
激动过后,我设法平静下来。
【温馨提示】 settle可用来表示具体的安顿,也指精神的安静,常用settle oneself短语表达。【归纳拓展】?巧辨异同?
settle,solve
(1)settle意为“解决,处理”,其对象通常是某种争端,后常接affair,matter,business,argument,disagreement,dispute等词。
(2)solve意为“解答,解决”,侧重的是给出一个答案,后常接problem,difficulty,riddle,puzzle等词。 ?完成句子
①那个班一上课总得过一会儿才能安静下来。
It always takes the class a while to________at the start of the lesson.
②现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。
It's time you________your differences with your father.
③咱们得把见面的地点定下来。
We must________ a place to meet.
【答案】 ①settle down ②settled ③settle on
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅲ,B)They ________(settle) in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,another customer was approaching their table.
【答案】 settled2.suit
(1)vt.& vi.合适;适合;适宜于(主语多为衣服、时间、地点、气候等)
It doesn't suit you to have your hair cut short.
你不适合剪短发。
There's a range of restaurants to suit all tastes.
有各种档次的饭店适合各种各样的口味。
If you want to go by bus,that suits me fine.
你要是想坐公共汽车去,那对我很方便。
(2)n.一套衣服
Bob was wearing a business suit.
鲍勃当时穿着一套制服。【归纳拓展】?巧辨异同?
suit,match,fit
三个词作动词时,均有“适合”之意,但用法有别。
(1)suit 主要指合乎口味、性格、地位、条件等,从而使人感到愉快、满意。如:
It's difficult to find time that suits everyone.
很难找到一个人人都适合的时间。
(2)match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面相配、不相上下、势均力敌。如:
The curtains and the carpets match perfectly.
窗帘和地毯十分协调。
(3)fit指适合环境、条件、目的、要求等 (即某人某物具有在工作、用途上必须的品质);也可用于衣服、鞋帽等合身、合脚。如:
I couldn't find a key which fitted the lock.
我找不到适合这把锁的钥匙。 ?多维训练
(1)用suit,match,fit的正确形式填空
The size of the shirt ________ me well and its color ________ my tie,so it ______ me.
(2)同义句改写
They are finding suitable partners for them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)fits;matches;suits (2)They are finding partners that suit them.
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅲ,C)There are also varieties developed to ________(suit) specific local conditions.
【答案】 suit3.keen adj.渴望的;热切的;热心的;激烈的,强烈的;敏锐的;敏捷的
He is keen to have a look at the Great Wall.
他很想去看看长城。
They are rather keen to purchase Chinese goods.
他们渴望购买中国货。【归纳拓展】
be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事
be keen about 喜爱;对……着迷
be keen on (doing) sth. (口)喜爱;渴望
be eager for sth./to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious about sth. 渴望某物
keenly adv. 渴望地;激烈地
keenness n. 渴望;热心
?完成句子
If you like astronomy,you may ________ collecting stamps describing the stars,planets,spacecraft,spacemen,etc.
如果你喜欢天文学,你可能会热衷于收集画有恒星、行星、宇宙飞船、宇航员等的邮票。
【答案】 be keen on 4.consider
(1)vt.认为(常接sth./sth.to be...)
She is considered to be one of the finest pianists of her generation.
她被认为是她那一代人中一位最优秀的钢琴家。
(2)vt.考虑(后接v.-ing形式或“疑问词+to do”作宾语)
I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school.
我知道我要做什么,从来没有考虑留在学校里。
Have you considered how to get there?
你考虑过如何到达那里吗?【归纳拓展】(3)considerable adj.(数量,程度等)可观的
take...into consideration考虑到……,顾及到……
considering prep.考虑到I've begun to consider what to do next.
我已在考虑下一步该做些什么。
All things considered.I'm sure we made the right decision.
从各方面考虑起来,我相信我们的决定是正确的。
I'm considering buying a new car.
我正在考虑着买一辆新车。
The students consider me as the best friend.
学生们都把我当做最好的朋友。
Your teacher will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams.
给你的考试评分时,你的老师会考虑你最近生病的事。 ?用consider及其派生词的适当形式填空
①________ what she had done for us,we ________ her to be a very ________ and caring person.
②Taking everything into ________,we can say that our plan has worked out well so far.
③The Internet is ________ to have changed most people's life.
【答案】 ①Considering;consider;considerate
②consideration ③considered
?高考链接
(2016·上海卷)It is time you________(consider)that if there were no stress in your life,you would achieve a little.
【答案】 considered[短语聚焦]
1.look back at回顾,回忆
You could tell just by looking at the horse that it had been well looked after.
你只要看一下这匹马就会知道它得到了精心照料。
Mr.Green looks down on anyone who hasn't had a college education.
格林先生看不起任何未受过大学教育的人。
I'm really looking forward to meeting you.
我正期盼着见到你。
Police are looking into the disappearance of three children.
警察正在调查三个孩子失踪的事。
I've looked through all my papers but I still can't find the contract.
我翻阅了所有文件,但依然没有找到那份合同。
I've always looked up to Jack for his courage and determination.
我一直很敬重杰克,他既勇敢又果断。【归纳拓展】
look after 照料,关心
look down on/upon 轻视,看不起
look forward to 盼望,期待
look into 调查
look on 旁观
look out 小心,留神
look over 把……看一遍,检查
look through 浏览,核查
look up 查找,查阅
look up to 仰慕;尊敬(某人)?用look的相关短语填空
①Have you ________ to your future?What are you going to be?
②When I________those days I feel I was desperately unhappy.
③Do________ spelling mistakes in your work.
④We________the house again before we decided to rent it.
【答案】 ①looked ahead
②look back on
③look out for
④looked over2.have fun玩得高兴,过得愉快
...,and since two good friends came on the trip,we had great fun racing each other down the ski slopes.
……,而且由于我的两个好朋友也一起去了,我们比赛着冲下雪坡,实在痛快。
The children were having so much fun and I hated to call them inside.
孩子们玩得这么开心,我舍不得把他们叫进来。【归纳拓展】
have fun doing sth. 干某事很开心
for fun 为了好玩,闹着玩
in fun 开玩笑似的,闹着玩地
make fun of sb. 嘲弄某人,开某人的玩笑
We had great fun swimming in the river.
我们在河里游泳,玩得很开心。
We drove all the way to the beach just for fun.
我们从老远开车到海边去,只是为了好玩。
People make fun of her because she is wearing such a strange hat.
人们取笑她是因为她戴着一顶奇怪的帽子。 ?完成句子
①He ________ with several friends yesterday evening.
昨天晚上他和几个朋友开心地在一起打扑克牌。
②We will ________ all of it.
我们将会感觉到它的全部乐趣。
③It's cruel to ________ people who stammer.
嘲笑口吃的人是很不人道的。
④We ________ at Sarah's party.
我们在萨拉的聚会上玩得很开心。
【答案】 ①had fun playing cards ②have fun doing
③make fun of ④had a lot of fun[句型精析]
1.It's a great pity that... 很可惜……
It was a pity that Mr.Brocklehurst could not see them too.
Brocklehurst先生也没有看到他们真是遗憾。(选自《简·爱》)
It's a pity that Earnshaw is not his match in strength.
在力气方面Earnshaw不是他的对手,这真遗憾。(选自《呼啸山庄》)
【温馨提示】 a pity表示“令人遗憾的一件事”,这时pity是可数名词;pity表示“怜悯;同情”时,是不可数名词。 【归纳拓展】
What a pity!多么遗憾呀!
out of pity出于同情
have pity on sb.可怜某人
?同义句改写
①It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.(改为简单句)
____________________________________________________
②Obviously,we don't want to spend too much money.(改为it作形式主语的复合句)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 ①It is necessary for him to be sent there at once.
②It is obvious that we don't want to spend too much money.2.It was not_until the 1920s that pompoms began to play an important part in cheerleading.
直到20世纪20年代,彩线球才在拉拉队队员的表演中发挥重要作用。
not until表示“直到……才……”。引导时间状语从句。其强调句型是It is/was not until...that...其倒装句型是Not until+从句+did/do/does/have+主句。
①It was not until I had received his letter that I understood how anxious he was to see me.
=Not until I had received his letter did I understand how anxious he was to see me.
直到收到他的信,我才明白他是多么渴望见到我。②It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘掉墨镜我才认出她是著名影星。
?句型转换
Not until the 1990s did readers begin sending letters saying they liked the book.
→________the 1990 s________readers began sending letters saying they liked the book.
【答案】 It was not until;that
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷,34)Not until recently ________ they_______ (encourage) the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.
【答案】 did;encourage课件40张PPT。[词汇突破]
1.serve
(1)vt.& vi.端上(饭菜等);侍候(顾客等);供应(饭菜)
When you had your heart set on the toast beef,but your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece.
当你急不可待、专心致志地享受烤牛肉的时候,你的服务生却快活地告诉你他端上来的只不过是最后一块。
As soon as they sat down they were served with steaming bowls of soup.
他们一坐下,服务员立刻端上了热气腾腾的几碗汤。(2)vt.& vi.为……服务;为……服役
McKay was included in a list of university alumni (校友) who had served during the First World War.
McKay被包含在第一次世界大战中服役过的校友的名单中。
(3)vt.& vi.适合(特定用途或目的);对……有用;适应
It's not exactly what I wanted but it will serve my purpose.
这个跟我想要的不太一样,但也算可以。【归纳拓展】 ?完成句子
①We should ________(全心全意为人民服务).
②Dinner ________(上好了).
③The box can ________(当作)a desk.
【答案】 ①serve the people heart and soul ②is served
③serve as?2.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
She was eager for success.她渴望成功。
Clara was eager to tell her side of the story.
克莱拉急于讲述她的看法。
I can't hide my eagerness to get back home.
我无法掩饰想回家的渴望。【归纳拓展】
(1)be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for sth. 盼望,想得到
be eager for sb.to do 渴望某人做……
be eager that... 热切希望……
(2)eagerly adv. 渴望地;殷切地
eagerness n. 热心,渴望
with eagerness 殷切地?巧辨异同?
eager,anxious
(1)eager指“渴望”,强调对成功的期望和进取的热情,含有积极的意义。
(2)anxious指“担心,焦急”,强调对结果感到不安。
?完成句子
①It's human that everyone________success.
人人都渴望成功,这是人之常情。
②He was so________to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door.他急切地想扩大他的农场结果没有注意到河水慢慢流向他的家门口。
【答案】 ①is eager for ②eager 3.reward
(1)n.酬谢;奖赏;赏金
Several of the parents were giving their children rewards for passing exams.
一些家长因为他们的孩子通过了考试而给他们一些奖赏。
(2)vt.酬谢
God keep you from harm and wrong—direct you,solace you—reward you well for your past kindness to me.
上帝保佑你不受到伤害和冤枉,它指引着你,安慰你,为你过去对我的善意酬谢你。(选自《简·爱》)【归纳拓展】
rewarding adj.有价值的;有益的
as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬
in reward of 为酬答……;作为奖励
reward sb.for sth.为某事报答某人?巧辨异同?
award,reward,prize
(1)award和reward都可以用作名词和动词。作名词时,二者意义相近,但不是同义词:award的意思是“奖品,奖金”。与prize近似,都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖;reward意为“赏金,酬金,奖励,报酬”。
(2)用作动词时,award的意思是“授予,颁发,判给”;reward则表示“报答,酬谢”,构成的搭配有reward sb.for sth./doing sth.意思是“因为某事而奖励某人”。
(3)reward也可以用于比喻义。
(4)prize作名词,意为“奖励,奖赏,奖品,奖金”;作动词,意为“珍视,高度重视”;作形容词,意为“优秀的,典范的”。?多维训练
(1)用reward,award,prize的正确形式填空
①He received a ______ of $9 00 from the police for catching the criminal.
②He won the first ______ in the singing contest.
③He was ______ a scholarship as an ______,which was also a ________ of his diligence.(2)单句语法填空
①His efforts,I'm sure,____________(reward) with remarkable success in time.
②What can I do in reward ____________ your help?
③She started singing to the baby and was rewarded ____________ a smile.
【答案】 (1)①reward ②prize ③awarded;award;reward (2)①will be rewarded ②for ③with
?高考链接
(2016·北京卷)However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and ________(reward).
【答案】 rewards4.intend vt.想要; 打算
I meant it to be an informal discussion,but it didn't turn out as I intended.
我本想随便商量一下,结果却事与愿违。
I don't intend to listen to this rubbish any longer!
我再也不想听这种无稽之谈了!
I didn't intend her to see the painting until it was finished.
我打算直到我画完这幅画才让她看到它。
The book is intended for children aged 5~7.
这本书是打算供5至7岁的儿童阅读的。【归纳拓展】【温馨提示】
intend的主要考查范围是be intended to do/for sth.,这个短语的表达习惯与汉语有冲突,所以同学很可能出错。另外had intended to(intended to have done)与前面所学过的had meant to(meant to have done)都可表示过去未曾实现的打算,都具有很浓厚的交际色彩,尤其听力考试中要注意听力材料中的此类表达方式。
?一句多译
我本来打算赶早班车,但是没能及时起床。
①____________,but I didn't get up early.
②____________,but I didn't get up early.
【答案】 ①I had intended to catch the early bus ②I intended to have caught the early bus.
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷,D)She ________(intend) to fight to make it a woman's as well as a man's world.
【答案】 intends5.feed v.喂养,饲养,养活,提供
The room in which the boys were fed was a large stone hall,with a large pot at one end.
孩子们进食的场所是一间宽敞的大石厅,一口大锅放在大厅一侧。 巧学助记feed on (动物)以……为主食
feed...on/with sth. 给……食物
feed A with B=feed B into A 提供B给A
be fed up with 感到厌烦
Feed the food to the baby in small pieces.
用小块食品喂婴儿。
What do you feed your dog on?
你用什么喂你的狗?
The data is then fed into a computer.
数据随后被输入电脑。
I'm fed up with this dull life!
我受够了这种枯燥的生活!?完成句子
①________ the wheat ________ the cow,then drink the milk.
用麦子喂奶牛,然后喝牛奶。
②Birds ____________________ worms and grains.
鸟以虫和谷物为食。
③I'm really ____________________ my roommate!
我真是受够了我的室友。
④Since they aren't mammals,they can't ________ their babies ________ milk.
因为它们不是哺乳动物,所以它们不能用奶喂自己的孩子。
【答案】 ①Feed;to ②feed on ③fed up with ④feed;with[短语聚焦]
1.a huge amount of大量的
He got a huge amount of help from his friends.
他从朋友那里得到很多帮助。
There is a great deal of traffic on the road.
路上车辆很多。
A large number of mistakes were made in the composition.
作文中出现了许多错误。
The number of the students in my class is 50.
我班有50位同学。【归纳拓展】
英语中有些表示“许多,大量”的短语,后接可数名词与不可数名词情况不同,归纳如下: 【温馨提示】 the number of虽与a number of只有一词之差,但它表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数。?多维训练
(1)同义词语替换
A_huge_amount_of information was lost because of the breakdown of the system.
_______________________________________________________
(2)用be的适当形式填空
①Quantities of food ______ on the table.
②A huge amount of money ______ spent on the project.
【答案】 (1)A great deal of/A huge quantity of
(2)①were ②was?2.in astonishment惊讶地
He stared in complete astonishment at the child and held on to the pot for support.
他瞪着那个孩子,完全惊呆了,手抓着锅以求站稳。
I looked round in astonishment.
我惊愕地环视四周。【归纳拓展】
in surprise 吃惊地
in silence 寂静地
in private 私下地;秘密地
in anger 发怒地
in satisfaction 满意地
in anxiety 焦急地
in despair 绝望地
in excitement 激动地The children looked at the animal in surprise.
孩子们吃惊地看着这个动物。
He gave up the struggle in despair.
他绝望地放弃了斗争。
?完成句子
①____________ the three-year-old child,Zhang Junhao should be so clever.
最令我吃惊的是三岁的张俊豪竟然如此聪明。
②I ____________ being so familiarly addressed(称呼).
我对别人对我如此熟悉的称呼感到吃惊。
【答案】 ①What astonishes me most is ②was astonished at [句型精析]
1.No_sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
孩子的话刚出口,大师傅就操起汤勺狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
(1)no sooner...than...也表示“一……就……;刚……就……”,主句常用过去完成时,than从句中常用一般过去时。当no sooner位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。
(2)类似句型:hardly...when...意思是“一……就……;刚……就……”,主句常用过去完成时,when引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.
我刚离开家就下雨了。
Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.
他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。
??多维训练
(1)同义句改写
No sooner had he returned home than he called me and asked about my work.
①_____________________________________(用陈述语序改写)
②_________________________(用hardly...when...倒装句改写)(2)单句改错
Hardly had we got home than it began to rain.________
【答案】 (1)①He had no sooner returned home than he called me and asked about my work.
②Hardly had he returned home when he called me and asked about my work. (2)than→when2.Only_then_did_Oliver_understand his situation.
只有在那时,奥利弗才明白自己的处境。
only修饰状语放在句首时句子要用倒装语序。
Only by this means can we finish our task ahead of time.
只有用这种方法我们才能提前完成任务。
Only when she had a child of her own did she realize how hard it was to be a mother.
只有当她自己有了孩子,她才意识到做母亲不容易。
【温馨提示】 only修饰主语时不倒装。
Only_the_president_can authorize a nuclear attack.
只有总统才能授权发动核攻击。 ?完成句子
①昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他,这对他来说真是个令人吃惊的消息。
Only yesterday ________ tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him.
②他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。
Only by shouting ________ able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.
【答案】 ①did his father ②was he
“课下练习”见“课时作业”
课件46张PPT。【话题词汇】
1.breakthrough n.突破;重大进展
2.convenience n. 便利;方便
3.electronic adj. 电子的
4.intelligent adj. 智能的
5.invention n. 发明;创造
6.technical adj. 技术的;工艺的
7.be in the lead 领先8.follow the fashion 追随时尚
9.in the field of science 在科学领域
10.with the development of 随着……的发展
【经典语篇】(2014·湖南卷)
学校正在组织科技创新大赛,你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“My Magic______”为题写一篇英语短文,介绍你的创意。
内容:1.说明设计理由;
2.介绍新功能。
注意:1.词数不少于120个;
2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。【佳作欣赏】
My Magic Water Bottle
My magic water bottle will be a replacement of the traditional one which can change the temperature of the inside water automatically according to the changes of the outer environment.
There are certain factors I take into account on my new invention.For one thing,traditional_water_bottle_makes_it_ inconvenient_for_travelers_to_have_a_comfortable_drink_anytime_and_anywhere.① For another,drinking_too_cold_or_too_hot _water_does_nothing_but_harm_to_our_health,② so my magic water bottle can serve as an assistant or a doctor. The new functions will win my magic water bottle enormous love and popularity.On the one hand,the automatic temperature-controlling system mentioned above can adjust the water temperature.On the other hand,we can set a desirable temperature for the inside water,and what_surprises_us_most_is_that_ the_water_can_remain_at_that_temperature_for_about_20_hours.③
【思维发散】
1.仿照第①句用it作形式宾语翻译句子
他们过去形成一个规则,每月底在一起聚会一次。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________2.仿照第②句用动名词作主语翻译句子
早睡早起对年轻人来说是个好习惯。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
3.按要求改写第③句
(1)_______________________________________________________
the water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours.(it作形式主语)
(2)The water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours,______________________________________.(非限定性定语从句)
【答案】 1.They used to make it a rule to meet and have a party at the end of a month.
2.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit for the young.
3.(1)It surprises us most that
(2)which surprises us most[词汇突破]
1.approach
(1)n.方法;步骤
Today's approach to raising children is very different from 40 years ago.
如今养育儿女的方法与40年前有很大的不同。
Your approach to teaching differs nothing from hers.
你的教学方法同她的教学方法并无不同之处。(2)n.通路;通道
Soldiers were guarding the approaches to the city.
士兵们正在护卫着通往这座城市的通道。
(3)n.接近;靠近
At the approach of night I slept in a tree,for fear of wild creatures;but slept soundly,though it rained all night.
夜幕降临,我睡在树上,这是因为我害怕野生动物,但是我睡得很香,虽然整夜都在下雨。(选自《鲁宾逊漂流记》
(4)vt.& vi.走近;靠近;接近
As he hesitatingly approached the bed she spoke in a hoarse whisper.
当他犹豫不决地靠近床边,她嘶哑地小声说话。(选自《乱世佳人》)【归纳拓展】
approachable adj.可接近的,平易近人的
at the approach of 在……快到的时候
be difficult of approach (指地方)难到达的;(指人)难于接近的
be easy of approach (指地方)容易到达的,交通方便的;(指人)容易接近的
approach to接近,约等于;(做某事)的方法/途径
?介、副词填空
①Did she approach you ________ the matter?
②At the approach ________ the cinema,I stopped and waited for my friend.
③I like his approach ________ the problem.
【答案】 ①about/on ②of ③to
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅲ,B)They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,another customer was________(approach) their table.
【答案】 approaching2.decline
(1)n.衰退;下降;减少
There's a widely held belief that educational standards are in decline.
人们普遍认为教育水平在下降。
(2)vi.衰退;下降
Her influence declined after she lost the election.
她落选后其影响力大为降低。
(3)vt.谢绝;婉谢;辞谢
But if it's to buy a new pair of breeches for Ashley Wilkes,I fear I must decline to lend it.
但是如果是为Ashley Wilkes买一条裤子的话,我恐怕一定要拒绝借钱了。(选自《乱世佳人》)【归纳拓展】【温馨提示】 (1)表示“增加”的动词或动词短语常见的有:rise,increase,go up等;表示“减少”的动词或动词短语常见的有:fall,drop,decrease,go down,decline。
(2)表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by;表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to。 ?完成句子
①The spokesman ________the problem.
发言人拒绝对那个问题加以评论。
②Do you think standards of education have been ________ in recent years?
你是否觉得近年来教育水准在下降?
③The town ________ after the incident.
这个城镇在那次事件之后开始衰落。
【答案】 ①declined to comment on ②on the decline
③fell into a decline
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷,B)Even chimp mothers regularly________(decline) to share food with their children,who are able from a young age to gather their own food.
【答案】 decline3.arise v.(由……)引起,产生;起床
From a region of seven million people has arisen some of the greatest pop music in the world.
从一个人口七百万的地方出现了一些世界上最伟大的流行音乐【归纳拓展】Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。
The children arose from their seats to salute the flag.
孩子们从座位上起立向国旗致敬。?巧辨异同?
raise,rise,arise?
写出下列黑体部分的含义
①When you break promises,some problems will arise.________
②Misunderstanding arising from/out of the lack of communication can be cleared up.________
③We arose early on Christmas morning.________
④When I arose from the chair,my father and Eleanor's father were in deep conversation.________
【答案】 ①出现 ②由于……而产生 ③起床 ④起身4.harmony n.协调,融洽
But Cantopop expresses only harmony and virtue,and Hong Kong is blessed with the most conventional music scene in the world.
但粤语音乐表达的不仅是和谐和美德,而且香港也成了世界上最传统的音乐胜地。
The harmony of sea and sky makes a beautiful picture.
海天一色构成一幅美丽的图画。 【归纳拓展】His suggestions are in harmony with the aims of the project.
他的建议和本项目的目标相符。
What you did yesterday was out of harmony with our plan.你昨天的所作所为与我们的计划不一致。
Everyone wishes to have a harmonious family.
每个人都希望有一个和睦的家庭。?完成句子
①His tastes are ________ mine.
他的爱好和我的相同。
②Rules help us ________ together ________,because they show us the right way to treat others.
规则帮助我们和谐地生活在一起,因为它们告诉我们怎样正确地对待他人。
【答案】 ①in harmony with
②live in harmony5.devote v.投入;献身;专心
He wanted to devote his energies to writing.
他想把精力投入于写作。
Everybody knows that our director is very devoted to his wife.
人人都知道我们的主管对他的妻子十分忠诚。
【温馨提示】 devote作及物动词,后面的宾语可以是time,life,money,energy,也可以是oneself,还可以用于系表结构be devoted to。【归纳拓展】?多维训练
(1)用devote的正确形式填空
①He is highly thought of because of his ________ to duty.
②His life is one ________ to the people.
(2)同义句改写
He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.
①___________________________(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②__________________________(用过去分词短语作状语改写)【答案】 (1)①devotion ②devoted
(2)①Devoting himself to community activities,he was praised by the people around.
②Devoted to community activities,he was praised by the people around.
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷,B)But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you ________(devote)some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.
【答案】 devote[短语聚焦]
1.rather than
(1)rather than与would 连用时,构成would rather...than...句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。如:
She'd rather die than lose the children.
她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
(2)rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式。如:
You rather than I are going to go camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.
我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing.
她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
We should help him rather than he should help us.
是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.
我决定写信而不打电话。 【温馨提示】 (1)rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。
Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad,he sold them at half price.
他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。【归纳拓展】
more than 超过,不仅仅是
more...than...(相当于rather than)与其说后者,倒不如说前者,是……而不是……
other than 除了……之外(相当于except);不同于
连接两个名词或代词作主语时.谓语动词应与rather than前面的词在人称和数上一致。
would rather do...than do...
=would do...rather than do...宁愿……而不愿……
would rather(that)...宁愿……
(从句中用一般过去时表示和现在、将来事实相反的虚拟,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的虚拟)
prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿……而不愿……
or rather更确切地说 ?多维训练
(1)完成句子
①If I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV______ my cellphone or cut off the Internet.
如果我必须放弃其中的一个,我宁愿关上电视而不关掉手机或切断因特网。
②I always prefer to start early, ______ everything to the last minute.
我总是愿意早开始,而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。
③I would rather (that) you ______ that thing.
我宁愿你没做那件事。(2)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Rather than ____(work)in such bad condition,he would give up.
②John wants to see me today.I would rather he ______(come)tomorrow than today.
③We'd rather he ______(pay)us the money tomorrow.
④I'd rather that you _____(not,tell)him about the news that day.
⑤I would rather ______(have)a picnic than climb hills.
【答案】(1)①rather than switch off ②rather than leave
③hadn't done (2)①work ②came ③paid ④hadn't told ⑤have
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅰ,D)However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority (宁愿……而不愿……)be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
【答案】 rather than2.as well as既……又;以及,又;(除……之外)也
As well as attracting huge audiences in its Hong Kong home,Cantopop has spread offshore,and its stars are known in Beijing,London and New York.
粤语流行音乐不仅仅吸引了香港本地的大量听众,而且传到海外的其他国家,香港的歌星在北京、伦敦和纽约都很有名。
【归纳拓展】
(1)as well as作“和,同”讲,具有连词性质,常用来连接两个并列成分。如果其后加名词或代词作主语的附加成分时,谓语动词应当与as well as之前的主语在人称和数上保持一致,若连接两个动词,第二个as后常用动名词形式。
(2)在表达“不但……而且……”之意时,as well as侧重前者,而not only...but also...侧重后者。连接并列主语时,not only...but also...按照就近原则确定谓语动词的形式。We have received your e?mail as well as your gift.
我们不仅收到了你的邮件,也收到了你的礼物。
Lin Tao,as well as I,wants to do it.
林涛,还有我,想做这件事情。
Not only Lin Tao but also I want to do it.
不仅林涛,我也想做这件事情。
【温馨提示】 as well as,as good as,as far as,as long as都有不止一个意思。
as well as和……一样好;除了……还
as good as和……一样好;几乎和……一样
as far as和……一样远;就……范围而论
as long as和……一样长;只要?句型转换
①He is a worker as well as a writer.
He is a worker and a writer ________.
②Not only he but also his friends are responsible for it.
His friends ________ he are responsible for it.
【答案】 ①as well ②as well as
?高考链接
(2016·江苏卷,D)She intends to fight to make it a woman's ______ (既……又……) as a man's world.
【答案】 as well
[句型精析]
“My message is that it_doesn't_matter if you're black,white,fat,thin,old and young...”
“我想告诉大家的是,不管你是黑人还是白人,肥胖还是瘦小,年长还是年幼,这些都不重要……”【归纳拓展】 I don't care what it looks—what matters is that it works well.
我不在乎它好看不好看——要紧的是它要好用。
It matters a lot to her what other people think of her.
其他人怎么看她对她来说极为重要。
I knew him when we were in junior high school;as_a_matter_of_fact,we were in the same class.
我们在初中就认识——事实上我们那时在同一个班里。
—I've spilled some coffee on the carpet.
“我把一些咖啡洒在地毯上了。”
—It_doesn't_matter.“没关系。”
The car had broken down.And to make matters worse,it began to rain.车子坏了,更糟糕的是,天开始下雨了。 单句语法填空
①I don't care what it looks—______ matters is that it works well.
②It doesn't matter ______ she will come or not.
③What matters ______ me most is time and money.
④To make matters ______(bad),they were caught in a storm.
⑤—What's the matter ______ you?
—I caught a bad cold and had to stay in bed.
【答案】 ①what ②whether ③to ④worse ⑤with课件30张PPT。[词汇突破]
1.custom n.风俗,习惯,传统
For example,in the United States,it is the custom to have salad (色拉)before the main course at dinner,not after.
举例说明,在美国,在主饭之前吃色拉,而不是在其后,这是传统。
In those days it was the custom for farmers to give part of their crops to the lord of the manor.
在那些日子里,有一个风俗,农民把一部分他们的庄稼给予庄园主。【温馨提示】 custom常指一个集体的风俗,而habit则只能表示个人的习惯。
?完成句子
①________ in that country for women to marry young.
女子早婚是那个国家的习俗。
②As ________,he knocked three times.
他敲了三下,这是他的习惯。
③________ have seized large quantities of smuggled heroin.
海关查获了大量走私的海洛因。
【答案】 ①It is the custom ②was his custom ③The Customs
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷,C)Surprisingly,these people live largely by their own laws and their own social ________(custom).
【答案】 customs2.adjust vt.调整;校准;vi.调整;校准;适应于
Check and adjust the brakes regularly.
定期检查和调节刹车装置。
The body quickly adjusts(itself)to changes in temperature.
身体迅速(自行)调节以适应气温的变化。
We've had to make some adjustments to our original calculations.我们不得不对我们最初的计算作一些调整。【归纳拓展】
adjust to 使适应,适应
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于
adjustable adj. 可调节的,可调整的
adjustment n. 调节;适应
make adjustments 调整,调节;校正
?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①It takes him quite a while to adjust to _____(work) night shifts.
②With the continuous changes of job market,I made ______(adjust) to my job expectations time and again.
③He stopped to try to adjust his eyes ______ the light.(2)单句改错
I will adjust me to the new environment.______
(3)用adjust的适当形式填空
①Moving to the city has been a difficult______for us.
②My parents had trouble______to living in an apartment.
③The height of the bicycle seat is______.
【答案】 (1)①working ②adiustments ③to (2)me→myself (3)①adjustment ②adjusting ③adjustable3.furnish vt.陈设;布置;装修;提供,供应
The room was furnished with antiques.
房间里摆放了古董。
Will these findings furnish more information on prehistoric man?
这些发现能否提供更多有关史前人类的资料呢?
The house was furnished entirely with handmade items.
这间房子陈列的全是手工制作的东西。【归纳拓展】
furnish sth.with sth.用……布置……
furnish sb./sth.with sth.;furnish sth.to sb./sth.为某人/某物提供某物
be furnished with备有;安装有,陈设有
furnishings n.一个房间的陈设物(包括家具和用品等)
furniture n.家具(总称,不可数名词;当指一样家具时,要用piece或article等表示)
a piece of furniture/an article of furniture一件家具?完成句子
①The gardener ______ me ______ the necessary information.
那园丁向我提供了必要的信息。
②The government ______ food and shelter ______ those homeless people.
政府为那些无家可归的人们提供食宿。
③The room _____ the simplest essentials, a bed,a chair,and a table.
房间里只配置了最基本的家具,一张床、一把椅子和一张桌子。
【答案】 ①furnished;with ②furnished;to ③is furnished with4.minority n.少数民族;少数
Yunnan is the home to 25 ethnic minorities,most diverse region of China.
云南是25个少数民族的家园,中国有最多民族的地区
Yunnan is the home to 25 ethnic minorities,most diverse region of China.云南是25个少数民族的家园,是中国有最多民族的地区【归纳拓展】A minor fault shouldn't be neglected.
小错也不应该被忽略。
Only a minority of British households do not have a car.
只有很少的英国家庭没有汽车。
【温馨提示】 the majority/minority of...作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数,也可用复数。
The majority of the students were/was indifferent to the political meeting.
大多数学生对政治集会漠不关心。?写出下列句子中minority的含义
①Boys are very much in the minority at the dancing class.____________
②There are 55 minorities in our country.____________
③He is in his minority.____________
【答案】 ①少数,小部分 ②少数民族 ③未成年[短语聚焦]
1.set off
(1)出发;动身
This seemed to Alice a good opportunity for making her escape;so she set off at once,and ran till she was quite tired and out of breath.
这对爱丽斯来说是一个逃脱的好机会,所以她立刻动身了,一直跑到疲惫不堪,上气不接下气。(选自《爱丽斯漫游记》)
(2)点燃;使爆炸;引起
Any movement could have set off the bomb.
任何一个动作都会使炸弹爆炸。【归纳拓展】
set about(doing)开始为……忙碌;着手工作
set aside保留;储蓄;搁置
set down卸下;写下
set out出发;动身
set out to do sth.着手做某事
set up竖立;搭起;开办;建立
set fire to/set...on fire放火烧
set...free释放?写出下列句中set off的含义
①Having said farewell to their friends,they set off for home.____________
②Hong Kong's stock market fell,setting off a global financial crisis.____________
③On New Year's Eve,the company set off many fireworks,which made the children excited.____________
④Her plain blue dress was set off by a feather-trimmed(羽毛装饰的)hat.____________
【答案】 ①出发,动身 ②引起 ③燃放(烟花、鞭炮等)
④衬托;使更漂亮
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅰ,A)But it also ______ (引起) the Montgomery bus boycott.
【答案】 set off2.in use 被使用,在使用中
All the machines are in use at the moment.
眼下所有的机器都在用着。
New printing techniques have recently come into use.
新的印刷技术最近已经投入使用。
It's an opportunity to put her medical training to good use.
这是将她所受的医学培训很好地付诸实践的机会。
We must make the best possible use of the resources we have.
我们必须尽可能充分利用我们现有的资源。【归纳拓展】
come into use 开始被使用
make use of sb./sth. 利用或使用某人/某物
make the best use of sth. 充分利用某事物
put sth.to good use 从某事物中获益
use sth.for sth./doing sth. 用……来干……
be used to do sth. 被用来干……
used to do sth. 过去经常干某事
be used to doing sth. 习惯,适应……
use sth.up 用尽,耗尽
It's no use doing... 做……没用?短语填空
in use,make use of,come into use,put...to use
①Why doesn't she ______ her singing talent?
②He'll be able to______ his experience ________ in the new job.
③Computers first ____________ in the early 1950s.
④Many works are borrowed from churches where they are still ________.
【答案】 ①make use of ②put;to use ③came into use
④in use[句型精析]
...I don't think I've ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life.……我认为我一生从未见过如此美景。
这是一个否定转移的句式。其意思相当于:I think I haven't ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life.这个句式的规则是:当动词think,suppose,believe等动词后接宾语从句时,如果这个宾语从句是否定句,要把否定词放到主句中,形成否定前移现象。
I don't think you will be pleased to hear what I'll say.
我想,你听了我说的话之后不会高兴的。
The teacher didn't believe Tom would get full marks in the English test.
老师认为汤姆在英语测试中不会得满分的。【归纳拓展】
句中don't...ever...so...结构表示最高级的意思。
下列结构均表示最高级意义: China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.
中国是亚洲最大的国家。
She's more careful than anyone else.
她比任何人都仔细。
Nobody can do the work better than he did.
这项工作他做得最好。
No one is so deaf as those who won't listen.
最聋者莫过于不听劝说的人。
I've never read a more_interesting book.
我从来没有读过比这更有趣的书。?完成句子
①I ______________ before.
我从来没有遇到过这么好心的人。
②He studies ______________ in his class.
他比班上其他任何学生学习都要刻苦。
③As far as I'm concerned,nothing is________.
就我个人而言,身体健康最重要。
【答案】 ①have never met such a kind?hearted person
②harder than any other student
③more important than health课件35张PPT。[词汇突破]
1.contribute v.促成;捐助;贡献
His work has contributed to our understanding of this difficult task.他的工作有助于我们对这个困难问题的了解。
Most people contributed some money towards/to the new church buildings.大部分人都为教堂的新建筑捐献了点钱。
Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?
吸烟会导致肺癌吗?
He has made great contributions to the space development program.他对太空发展计划有很大的贡献。 【归纳拓展】
contribute to 促成;有助于;为……作贡献
contribution n. 贡献;捐献;捐助;稿件
make a contribution to/make contributions to
对……作出贡献
contributor n. 捐助者;投稿者
【温馨提示】 contribute to与make a contribution to中的to为介词,其后要跟名词、代词或动名词来作宾语。 巧学助记?完成句子
①We hope your suggestion__________________.
我们希望你的建议有助于解决问题。
②Everyone is willing to _________the homeless people.
每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
【答案】 ①will contribute to solving the problem
②contribute food and clothes to
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷,B)We're not saying that everyone needs to ________(contribute) their lives to the poor.
【答案】 contribute2.recommend vt.推荐,介绍;建议;劝告
The manufacturers recommend changing the oil after 500 km.制造商建议在行驶500公里之后更换机油。
Oh,that book? Mary recommended it to me.
噢,那本书吗?是玛丽推荐给我的。
Our English teacher recommends that we (should) buy an English-English dictionary.
我们的英语老师建议我们买英语词典。
I recommended him as a manager.
我推荐他当经理。
I recommended him to go by ship.
我劝他坐船去。【归纳拓展】?单句语法填空
①Teachers recommend that parents ____________(prevent) their children under 12 from reading these books.
②We'd recommend you ____________(book) your flight early.
③We strongly recommend ____________(report) the incident to the police.
【答案】 ①(should) prevent ②to book ③reporting
?高考链接
(2016·天津卷,5)It was really annoying;I couldn't get access to the data bank you had ________(recommend).
【答案】 recommended3.ignore v.忽视;不理;不管
Older people are easily forgotten or ignored in a country like the USA.在一个像美国这样的国家里,老年人很容易被遗忘或忽略的。【归纳拓展】I can't ignore his rudeness any longer.
他粗暴无礼,我再也不能不闻不问了。
I said hello to her,but she ignored me completely!
我向她打招呼,可她根本不理我!
We are in complete ignorance of your plan.
我们对你的计划一无所知。
Some of the members demanded to know why they had been kept ignorant of the true facts until they reached the present critical stage.
有些成员要求知道为什么直到现在最关键的时刻才让他们知道事实。 ?用ignore填空
①She saw him coming but she______ him.
②George______his doctor's advice about drinking and smoking less.
【答案】 ①ignored ②ignored
?高考链接
(2016·四川卷,C)However,their remote locations mean that the French law is often________(ignore) or unknown,thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.
【答案】 ignored
4.remains n.遗迹;遗体;剩余物
The remains were...three teeth!
残留的就是……三颗牙齿!
The remains of the supper were taken away.
晚餐吃剩的东西被收去了。【归纳拓展】It remains to be seen when Yao Ming can play basketball with his teammates again.
姚明何时能与队友再一次打篮球还有待观察。
He remained happy after hearing the news.
听到这个消息后他仍然很高兴。
The only remaining question is whether we can raise the money.惟一剩下的问题是我们能否筹到这笔钱。【温馨提示】 (1)remains作主语时,谓语动词常用复数。
(2)remain常作系动词用,无被动与进行时。只有一般现在时和一般过去时。
?完成句子
①That remains ________.
那还有待观察。
②________she explained ________ unreasonable.
她的解释仍不合理。
③It ________ whether you are right.
你是否正确,以后可见分晓。
【答案】 ①to be seen ②What; remains ③remains to be seen [短语聚焦]
1.apart from除去,除了;只是;除了……以外
Apart from his school work,he takes interest in anything.除了学校的功课之外,他对任何事都感兴趣。
I can't tell these two things apart.
我对这两件东西无从区分。
Apart from their house in London,they also have a villa in Spain.
他们在伦敦有一座房子,此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
John enjoys taking old clocks apart.
约翰喜欢拆卸旧钟。【归纳拓展】
(1)apart from除……以外(都),要不是(相当于except);除……外(还),此外(相当于besides)
(2)表示“除……之外”的还有as well as,besides,besides that,other than,in addition to,except,except for等。
用apart from,besides,except,except for填空
①All the students took part in the sports meeting ______ Tom.
②We need three more chairs ________________ these two.
③________________ the ending,it's a really good film.
【答案】 ①except/apart from ②besides/apart from
③Apart from/Except for2.go through
(1)获准,经过程序
The law has now gone through.
这项法律已获通过。
At the meeting the managers went through the items one by one.在会上,经理们把研究的项目逐一讨论通过了。
(2)经历;检查
She struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again.
她努力把靴子脱掉,无聊的做着再次穿上的任务。
Let's go through the whole thing again,from the beginning.我们现在把整体情况从头到尾再检查一遍。 【归纳拓展】
go for竭力想取得,喜爱,适用于
go with与……协调
go against反对;对……不利
go about着手做,处理,忙于
go up上升,增加,建起;(物价等)上涨
go over检查,审查;复习,重温
go down下降,降低;传下去;(船等)下沉
go ahead开始,前进;领先?写出下列句子中go through的汉语意思
①I went through the same thing last year.______
②Someone had broken into the office and gone through all the drawers.______
③He'd gone through all his money by the end of the first week of his holiday.______
④Go through the whole text and you'll find the main idea of it.________
⑤As soon as my divorce goes through,we'll get married.________
【答案】 ①经历 ②仔细查看 ③用完 ④浏览 ⑤(法律等)通过3.remind sb.of sth.使某人想起……
Your hair and eyes remind me of your mother.
你的头发和眼睛使我想起你的妈妈。
【归纳拓展】
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind sb.that...提醒某人……?多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Back home,I reminded ______(me) that what my mother could do,I could,too.
②Please remind me ______(buy) some milk tonight.
③The pictures reminded me ______ my school days.
(2)同义句改写
I was reminded of the mistake I made and I apologized to her.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】 (1)①myself ②to buy ③of (2)Reminded of the mistake I made,I apologized to her.
?高考链接
(2016·新课标卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would________ (remind) people of killings and were too violent for use at the table.
【答案】 remind4.in return反过来,作为报答/回报/交换
He is always helping people without expecting anything in return.
他总是帮助别人而不图回报。
I bought him a drink in return for his help.
我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。
?完成句子
①She gave us food and clothing and asked for ________.
她给了我们食物和衣服,没有要求任何回报。
②The teacher asked the students to speak ______________.
老师要求学生轮流在大众面前发言。
【答案】 ①nothing in return ②in public in turn[句型精析]
The site is extremely expensive to_maintain and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it.这个遗址保护起来是极其昂贵的,要花三至五百万元来修缮。
本句中不定式to maintain主动形式表示被动意义。
常见的主动表示被动句型归纳:
(1)不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系,不定式要用主动表被动含义。
I have much work to do.
我有许多要做的事情。(与work有动宾关系,与I有主谓关系)(2)不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,其结构是:
主语+系动词+形容词+不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义,如:difficult,easy,comfortable,convenient,hard,cheap,expensive等,不定式用主动表被动。
The work is_easy_to_do.这项工作很好做。
I found the car comfortable to ride in.
我觉得这车坐着很舒服。
(3)need,want,require(要求,需要),deserve(应得,值得),be worth(值得),后面接doing,主动表被动。
My hair needs washing.我的头发该洗了。 (4)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到),look(看起来),smell(闻起来)等。
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来很合理。
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。
(5)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open(打开),act(上演),write(写),cut(砍,切),wear(穿,戴)等,用作不及物动词时,用主动表被动。
The door won't open.这门打不开。(6)一些动词如sell(销售),wash(洗),clean(打扫),burn(燃烧),cook(煮)等与well(好),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等副词连用,描述事物的特性时,用主动表被动,其结构是“主语+动词+副词”。
The book sells_well.这种书很畅销。
?完成句子
①The door________________.
这门容易锁上。
②The chair is very comfortable____________.
这椅子坐起来很舒服。
【答案】 ①locks easily ②to sit on
“课下练习”见“课时作业(三十八)”
(单击进入电子文档)