课件19张PPT。Module 4Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．How many scientists can you name? Do you know their
inventions or discoveries?
2．What makes a person a scientist? What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter (木匠). You will probably agree too, that knowing how to investigate (调查), how to gather information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further: he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his question and that his answer can be made certain by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works. The scientist's knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist sees and notices in an act of proving must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason why investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics or maths. Theaccuracy (正确性) of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einstein's ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations (计算) that may test his investigations.Introduction Are you familiar with the scientists in the following pictures？Do you know their main achievements？Please match the following information with the scientists.1．Marie Curie a．The Secret of Success: A ＝ X＋Y
＋Z.X stands for hard work, Y for
good methods, and Z means
stopping talking and getting
down to work.
2．Archimedes b．Father of China's aerospace;
King of rockets
3．Newton c．If I have seen a little further it is
by standing on the shoulders of
giants.4．Albert Einstein d．Give me a lever long enough and
a place to stand, and I will move
the world.
5．Qian Xuesen e．Science is beyond nationalities,
classes and races.
答案：1.C，e 2.A，d 3.B，c 4.D，a 5.E，bⅠ.Read the passage fast and match the paragraphs with their general ideas.
1．Para. 1 A．The advantages and positive effects
of Yuan Longping's discoveries
2．Para. 2 B．How Yuan Longping succeeded in
producing a new plant giving a higher
yield
3．Para. 3－4 C．As a boy, Yuan Longping liked asking
questions when he was at school.
4．Para. 5－6 D．Yuan Longping is a leading figure in
the rice-growing world.
答案：1～4 DCBAⅡ.True (T) or False (F)．
1．China is the world's second largest producer of rice.( )
2．Yuan Longping began experiments in crop breeding when
he was at college. ( )
3．Yuan Longping managed to produce more rice quickly by
planting more rice. ( )
4．Yuan Longping's rice has been introduced to the
Philippines. ( )
5．Yuan Longping has made great contributions in the
rice-growing world. ( )FFFTTChoose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Yuan Longping ________.
A．is a leading scientist in industry
B．was born and brought up in China
C．was educated in a famous school for many years
D．was given a nickname because he was very naughty2．Why was Yuan given the nickname “the student who asks
questions”？
A．Because he was stupid.
B．Because he did not learn well in the class.
C．Because he was curious about the lessons and wanted to
learn more.
D．Because he learned more questions.
3．The only way that Yuan Longping thought to produce more
rice quickly was________.
A．to be interested in plants
B．to study agriculture in college
C．to begin experiments in crop breeding
D．to cross different species of rice plant4．As a result of Yuan Longping's discoveries, ________.
A．Chinese rice production doubled
B．more cash crops and more vegetables are planted
C．few foreign countries like to plant the rice any more
D．rice becomes the most important crop in Pakistan
5．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Yuan Longping is a leading figure.
B．A new plant has been produced.
C．Yuan Longping's contributions to the rice-growing world.
D．The advantages of Yuan Longping's discoveries.
答案：1～5 BCDBCFill in the blanks according to the passage.
Yuan Longping is a 1. figure in the rice?growing world.He was born and 2. in China.When he was a boy, he was 3. in many schools，and was given the 4. “the student who asks questions”．He was interested in plants from an early age, and he studied agriculture in college. As a young teacher, he began experiments in crop 5. .He thought there was only one way to have more rice quickly.That was to cross differentBrought upleadingeducatednicknamebreeding6. of rice plant.Then he began his search for a special type of rice plant.It had to be male and sterile.When the naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered in 1970, it was a 7. .As a result, China's rice production rose 8. 47.5% in the 1990's.And 50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were 9. to growing vegetables and other cash crops.Following this, Yuan Longping's rice was 10. to some other countries.speciesbreakthroughconvertedexportedbyWho will first come into your mind when we mention great scientists? And why?
__________________________________________________
参考答案：①Newton. He was inspired by an apple and discovered gravity.
②I first think about Madame Curie, who is probably the greatest female scientist.
③I think Einstein is very admirable with his great contribution as well as personality.课件29张PPT。Module 4Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实Ⅰ.根据英语释义及首字母提示写出单词
1． (n.) a person of a particular kind
2． (vt.) to make information known in a report or a
book
3． (n.) a very important discovery
4． (vt.) to give help to
5． (vt.) to change sth. into a different form
6． (vt.) take the place of
7． (n.) an amount of sth.
8． (n.) how good or bad sth. isfigurepublishbreakthroughsupportconvertreplacequantityqualityⅡ.根据词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． n．生产者→ v．生产 n．农产品
→ n．产品→ n．产量
2． adj.主要的→ n．领袖→ v．带领；通往
3． vt.教育→ n．教育→ n．教育工
作者
4． n．农业→ adj.农业的
5． n．培育→ v．育种；培植
6． adj.原来的；最初的→ n．起源；源头
7． vt.出口→ vt.进口(反义词)producerproduceproductproductionleadingeducateleadeducationagricultureeducatorleaderagriculturalbreedingbreedoriginaloriginexportimport1．figure n．人物；人影；雕像；身材；数字v. 认为；计算(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In the rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.
在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人物。
(鲜活例句)Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf are popular Chinese cartoon figures.
喜羊羊和灰太狼是大家喜爱的中国卡通人物。
(鲜活例句)Please add up these figures using a calculator.
请用计算器把这些数字加起来。
(鲜活例句)She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.
她每天早上做运动以保持身材。(二)归纳拓展全析考点figure out 计算出；理解
figure that ... 认为……①I can't figure out why he is absent.
我弄不明白他为什么缺席。
②They figured that it was better to stay where they were.
他们认为还是待在原地好。2．breakthrough n．突破
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)This was the breakthrough.
这是一个突破。
(鲜活例句)It's a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
这是癌症治疗的一个重要突破。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点make a breakthrough 取得突破(进展)
break through 冲破；突破；克服
break up 分裂；破裂
break down 毁掉；垮掉；分解；出毛病(故障)
break out (战争、火灾、疾病等)爆发①Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatment of that disease.
科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有所突破。
②Our soldiers quickly the enemy's defence works.
我们的战士很快突破了敌人的防御工事。
③I was still sleeping when the fire broke out, and then it spread quickly.
我正在睡觉，这时火灾发生了并且迅速扩散。broke through3．support vt.支持；养活；资助；支撑 n. 支持；拥护
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The research was supported by the government.
研究得到了政府的支持。
(鲜活例句)His poor wage is not enough to support their five children.
靠他一个人的微薄工资不足以养活他们的5个孩子。(鲜活例句)He was injured and had to be supported home.
他受伤了，只好被扶回家。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)support sb. in 在……方面支持某人
(2)in support of 支持；拥护
with the support of 在……的支持下①Will you support me in my campaign for election?
你支持我参加竞选吗？
②Only a few people spoke the plan.
只有几个人表示支持这项计划。
③We believe China-North Korea ties will be with the support of the leaders and people of the two countries.
我们相信中朝两国的关系会得到两国人民及领导人的支持。in support of4．quantity n．数量
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)A yield refers to quantity (eg of food)．
产量指的是(食品的)数量。
(鲜活例句)Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.
本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点①A large quantity of clothes has been supplied to the flooded area.
大量的衣物提供给了洪灾地区。
②Large quantities of sand washed down the hillside by the rain.
雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。
③It's cheaper to buy goods in large quantities.
大批量购货较便宜。
[点津] quantity作主语或其修饰的名词作主语，其谓语动词通常根据quantity的单复数形式而定。were1．bring 培养；养育
2．the key ……的关键
3．experiment 对……进行实验
4．bring 引进；挣得
5．as a result 由于……的结果
6．rise 47.5 percent 增长47.5%
7．in 1990's 在20世纪90年代uptowithinofbythe1．bring up培养；养育；提出；呕吐
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.
袁隆平在中国出生并长大。
(鲜活例句)He has brought up his sons to stand on their own feet.
他已把儿子们抚养长大，他们能自食其力了。
(鲜活例句)Why don't you bring this up at the meeting?
你为何不在会上提出这个问题？
(鲜活例句)He brought up his dinner because of his sickness.
他由于恶心把晚饭全吐了出来。(二)归纳拓展全析考点bring back 使想起；带回
bring forward 提出；将……提前
bring out 阐明；使显现；出版
bring down 使减少；降低
bring in 引进；挣得
bring about 引起；导致①It's said that the meeting's been brought forward to Thursday.
据说会议已提前到星期四举行。
②They have brought in some advanced equipment.
他们引进了一些先进设备。
③I don't know what brought the change in his thinking.
我不知道什么原因导致他改变想法。about2．as a result of由于……的结果
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)As a result of Yuan Longping's discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990's.
由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代增长了47.5%。
(鲜活例句)It is reported that about 100,000 Chinese families break up each year as a result of domestic violence.
据报道，中国每年约有10万个家庭由于家庭暴力而破裂。(二)归纳拓展全析考点as a result 因此；结果
result in 导致
result from 由……引起①It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden.
这儿夏天不常下雨，因此，我们不得不给菜园浇水。
②The heavy rain resulted the flood.
＝ The flood resulted the heavy rain.
这场大雨导致了洪水。infrom点此进入1．[句型展示] He thought that the key to feeding people
was to_have more rice and to_produce it more quickly.
他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生产。
[典例背诵] Our duty is to help the young children to grow better.
我们的职责就是帮助孩子们更好地成长。2．[句型展示] He thought there was only one way_to_do_this
— by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.
他认为，唯一的办法就是使不同种类的水稻杂交，这样才能培育出产量比原先任何一种水稻产量都要高的新品种。
[典例背诵] We must explore all possible ways to increase food production.
我们必须探究增加食物生产的一切可能的途径。He thought there was only one way_to_do_this — by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.
他认为，唯一的办法就是使不同种类的水稻杂交，这样才能培育出产量比原先任何一种水稻产量都要高的新品种。
(1)本句是并列复合句，结构比较复杂，第一个分句和第二个
分句均为主从复合句，句子的结构分析如下：(2)本句中的way表示“方式”，后面常接三种定语：to do ...;
of doing ...；定语从句。其中当way在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句用that或in which引导，也可不用引导词。
①She could no longer find a way to get into the valley.
她再也找不到进山谷的路了。
②Early to bed and early to rise is a healthy way of living.
早睡早起是一种有益于健康的生活方式。
③You should do the work the way I did it.
你应当用我做这件事的方法去做。(in which/that)课件35张PPT。Module 4Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实语篇理解Read the passage on Page 39 and finish the following tasks.
Ⅰ.True (T) or False (F)．
1．Today rockets are only used to send astronauts into
space. ( )
2．Rockets were invented by Chinese about 2,000 years
ago. ( )
3．It was in the Song Dynasty that rockets were first used in
wars. ( )
4．It is believed that Europeans learned how to make rockets
from the Mongols. ( )
5．Wan Hu succeeded in sending himself into space with the
help of rockets. ( )FTTFFⅡ.Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1．When were rockets probably invented?
A．About 2,000 years ago.
B．In 1232.
C．Between the 13th and 15th centuries.
D．During the Song Dynasty.
2．It is possible that________introduced rockets to Europe.
A．the Song army B．the Mongols
C．Wan Hu D．one Italian scientist3．Which country did not do rockets experiment between the
13th and 15th centuries?
A．Italy. B．England.
C．France. D．America.
4．One Italian scientist invented a rocket which ________.
A．could fly into the sky
B．could hit the enemy's horse
C．could fly over the surface of water
D．could clear the cloud in the air5．What's the topic of the text?
A．The dangers of rockets.
B．The development of rockets.
C．The advantages of rockets.
D．The invention of rockets.
答案：1～5 ABDCB根据词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． vt. 诊断
2． n. 受害者
3． adj. 聪颖的；才华横溢的
4． n. 生涯；经历
5． adv. 部分地；在一定程度上
6． vi. 逃跑；逃避
7． vi. (烟雾)消散diagnosevictimbrilliantcareerpartlyescapeclear8． adj.直的 adv. 直接地；笔直地→ v．
(使)变直
9． adj.简短的；简洁的→ adv.简要地；扼要地
10． adj.身体的→ adj.精神的；脑力的
(反义词)
11． vi.毕业→ n．毕业
12． adj.个人的→ adv.亲自；就个人而言
→ n．个性；性格
13． vi.爆炸→ n．爆炸；爆炸声straightpersonalitybrieflybriefphysicalmentalstraightengraduategraduationpersonalpersonallyexplodeexplosion1．brief adj.简短的；简洁的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)His book A Brief History of Time was published in 1988 and is still a best-seller.
他的著作《时间简史》于1988年发表，直到现在还是一本畅销书。
(鲜活例句)His words were brief and to the point.
他的话简明扼要。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①To be brief, we can't accept such terms.
简单地说，我们不能接受这样的条款。
②Give your reason or I won't support you.
简单说明你的理由，否则我不会支持你。in briefto be brief 长话短说(作插入语)
in brief 简单地说；简而言之2．diagnose vt.诊断；判断
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In the 1960s he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease.
20世纪60年代他被确诊为运动神经元病。
(鲜活例句)The teacher diagnosed the boy's reading difficulties.
老师找出了那个男孩在阅读上遇到的困难。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点diagnose ... as 诊断……为……
be diagnosed with 被诊断患有……①The doctor diagnosed my illness as a rare bone disease.
医生诊断出我的病是一种罕见的骨病。
②He has recently lung cancer.
他最近被诊断出患有肺癌。been diagnosed with3．escape vi. & n．逃跑；逃避
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.
中国人发现从竹筒里散失的气体能将竹筒发射到空中。
(鲜活例句)I'm afraid your name escapes me.
我恐怕不记得你的名字了。
(鲜活例句)You cannot expect that something may escape the teacher's attention.
你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的注意。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)escape from 从……逃脱
escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
(2)make one's escape 逃脱；逃走
a narrow escape 死里逃生①The soldier escaped from the enemy's prison.
这个士兵从敌人的监狱里逃了出来。
②We were lucky to punished.
我们很幸运，没有受罚。
③The thief jumped into a car and made his escape.
小偷跳上汽车逃走了。
④He was lucky and had a narrow escape.
他十分幸运，得以死里逃生。escape being4．clear vi. (烟雾)消散；清理adj. 清澈的；晴朗的；清楚的adv.
清晰地
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.
当烟雾消散后，万虎和他的椅子已无影无踪了。
(鲜活例句)We cleared the snow from the road. ＝ We cleared the road of the snow.
我们清除了路上的雪。(鲜活例句)You can see most of the city on a clear day.
在晴天你可以看到这个城市的大部分地区。
(鲜活例句)I hope I made it clear to him that he was no longer welcome here.
我希望我已经给他讲清楚他在这里不再受欢迎。
(鲜活例句)He spoke loud and clear when he made a speech.
他发表演讲时声音大而清楚。(二)归纳拓展全析考点clear away 清除；整理
clear up (天气)放晴；整理，收拾；澄清①I want this rubbish cleared away now!
把这些垃圾立即给我弄走！
②It is raining now, but I think it will soon.
现在还在下雨，不过我想天很快就会放晴。
clear up1．carry 实行；履行
2．be known 因……而出名/闻名
3．be diagnosed 被诊断出；患有
4．earn one's/a 谋生
5．come power 掌权
6． accident 偶然地
7．be attached 被绑在……上
8．be war with 与……交战outforlivingtobywithatto1．be known for因……而出名/闻名
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)What is Einstein known for?
爱因斯坦因何而出名的？
(鲜活例句)Shangri-la is known for its quiet natural scenery.
香格里拉以其恬静的自然风光闻名。(二)归纳拓展全析考点be known as 作为……而出名
be known to 为……熟知
be known by 凭……而知①I was told he is little known as an artist.
我得知他是个不出名的艺术家。
② , she is always ready to help others.
众所周知，她总是乐于助人。
③One can be known by his words and deeds.
凭一个人的言行就可知此人的为人处世了。As is known to all2．come to/into power掌权；执政
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)President Francois Hollande came to/into power on May 15, 2012 in France.
法国总统弗朗索瓦·奥朗德于2012年5月15日上台执政。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点take power 夺取政权
in power 当权；掌权
in one's power 在某人的控制下
beyond one's power 不能胜任；力所不能及
within one's power 有能力；力所能及①The government in power is devoted to the improvement of education.
这一届政府致力于提高教育。
②It is quite and I'm determined to
give up.
这大大超出了我的能力，我决定放弃。beyond my power1．[句型展示] The tubes were attached to a long stick
which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.
箭管被绑在一根长棍儿上，这根长棍儿能使火箭沿直线运动。
[典例背诵] Don't keep me waiting for too long.
别让我等太久。2．[句型展示] Soon the Mongols learned how to make
rockets themselves and it is possible that they introduced them to Europe.
很快，蒙古人就学会了如何自己制造火箭，而且有可能是他们把火箭引入了欧洲。
[典例背诵] He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire.
他得学会收集淡水、寻找食物、生火什么的。3．[句型展示] Or was he carried miles into space,
becoming the world's first astronaut?
还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？
[典例背诵] He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.
他每天回来得很晚，这使得他的妻子很生气。1．The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped
keep_the_rocket_moving_in_a_straight_direction.
箭管被绑在一根长棍儿上，这根长棍儿能使火箭沿直线运动。
(1)本句是一个复合句，the tubes were attached to a long
stick是主句，which引导的定语从句修饰先行句stick, helped后面省略了to。
(2)本句中的keep the rocket moving属于“keep＋宾语＋宾补”
结构。其中the rocket是宾语，现在分词moving是宾补，宾语与宾补之间是主动关系。在这个结构中充当宾补的还可以用形容词、副词、介词短语和过去分词。①I'm sorry to keep you waiting for ages.
对不起，让您久等了。(现在分词，与宾语是主动关系)
②In winter we wear woolen clothes to keep us warm.
冬天我们穿毛料衣服以保暖。(形容词)
③You'd better keep the child away from the fire.
你最好让孩子离火远一点。(副词)
④The bad weather keeps us inside the house.
坏天气使我们不能出门。(介词短语)
⑤Please keep us informed of the latest development.
请随时将最新进度告知我们。(过去分词，与宾语是动宾关系)2．Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world's
first astronaut?
还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？
(1)本句中的becoming the world's first astronaut是现在分词
短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语，通常表示一个自然而然的结果，是主句谓语动词动作的直接结果。
①He didn't come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work.
他今天没来，因而我们必须找人做他的工作。②The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.
大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有用的东西。
(2)不定式作结果状语，通常表示出乎意料的结果，其前常
加only以强调这一意外结果。
③I hurried to the airport only the plane had taken off.
我匆忙赶到机场，发现飞机已经起飞了。to find课件29张PPT。Section ⅣModule 4语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习复习被动语态及by＋v.-ing形式一、被动语态
英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，动作的执行者可用by引出。
1．被动语态的构成
英语中动词的被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。在被动语态中，人称、数和时态的变化都是通过be的变化表现出来。英语的被动语态有如下几种：Breakfast is provided in our hotel from 7 to 9 o'clock on weekdays.
我们旅馆在工作日的7点至9点提供早餐。
At that moment the TV set was being repaired.
那时电视机正在被修理。
That problem had been solved before he told me.
那个问题在他告诉我之前已经解决了。
[点津] “get＋p.p.”也表示被动。
He fell off the car and got killed last week.
他上周从车上掉下来，摔死了。[考题印证1]
1－1.(2012·辽宁高考)Mum, I was wondering if you could
lend me a few dollars until I ________ on Friday.
A．get paid B．got paid
C．have paid D．had been paid
解析：选 。考查动词的时态和语态。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，且I与pay之间是动宾关系，所以选A。A1－2.(2012·安徽高考)After school we went to the
reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________.
A．was decorated B．had decorated
C．had been decorating D．was being decorated
解析：选 。考查时态和语态。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。阅览室显然是被装修，应用被动语态，B和C两项可排除，又根据句意可知，阅览室是正在装修，动作正在进行，故用过去进行时态，选D。D2．被动语态的用法
(1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.
昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。
(2)突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，
用by短语。
These records were made by John Denver.
这些唱片是由约翰·丹沃录制的。[考题印证2]
2－1.(2012·天津高考)The letters for the boss ________ on his
desk but he didn't read them until three days later.
A．were put B．was put
C．put D．has put
解析：选 。考查动词的时态和语态。句意：给老板的信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天后老板才读这些信件。根据句中“didn't read them”可知放信的动作发生在过去，且put与letters之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此A项正确。A2－2.(2011·湖南高考)In the near future, more advances in
the robot technology ________ by scientists.
A．are making B．are made
C．will make D．will be made
解析：选 。考查时态和语态。句意：在不久的将来，在机器人技术方面科学家会取得更大的进展。根据时间状语in the near future 可知，此处应用将来时态。 make 和more advances 之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。D3．语态转换注意事项
(1)不及物动词不能用于被动语态；表示状态的动词一般不
用于被动语态。
Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(误)
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.(正)
我的家乡已发生了巨大变化。
(2)含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将其中一个宾语变为
主语，另一个保持不动，一般将间接宾语变为主语的情况居多。将直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
→I was given a present by my uncle on my birthday.
→A present was given to me by my uncle on my birthday.
我过生日的时候，叔叔给了我一份礼物。
(3)带复合宾语(宾语＋宾补)的动词变被动语态时，一般把
复合结构中的宾语变成主语，而把宾补放在动词之后。
We always keep the classroom clean and tidy.
→The classroom is always kept clean and tidy by us.
我们总是保持教室干净而且整洁。(4)“动词＋介词或副词”构成的动词短语变被动语态时，
不可将介词或副词与动词拆开。
The patient is being operated on.
这位病人在动手术。
His request was turned down.
他的请求遭到了拒绝。
[点津] see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make等感官动词或使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to，但当宾补变为主补时，不定式符号to必须加上。
We often hear him play the guitar.
→He is often heard to play the guitar by us.
我们经常听到他弹吉他。4．主动形式表示被动意义的用法
(1)系动词look, feel, sound, smell, taste, appear, seem, turn,
remain, prove, go, stay, become, get, grow, keep＋形容词/名词构成系表结构。
That food smells nice.
那食物味道很好闻。
This shirt feels much softer than that one.
这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多。
(2)表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin, finish, close,
open, start, stop, shut, run, move等。
The shop closes at 6 p．m. every day.
那家商店每天下午6点关门。(3)表示主语的特征或特点的动词，如read, write, act, cut,
draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, lock, shut, eat, drink等。注意这类动词一般不单独使用，通常带有一个副词修饰语。
This knife cuts well.
这把刀很快。
Nylon cleans easily.
尼龙容易洗。
Your pen writes quite smoothly.
你的笔写起来很顺滑。[考题印证3]
(2012·浙江高考)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better ________ silent.
A．remain B．be remaining
C．having remained D．to remain
解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。句意：不管你多么能言善辩，但有时候还是保持沉默更好。该题考查“it is＋形容词＋to do sth.”这一句型，句中to remain silent(保持沉默)是真正的主语，it是形式主语。D二、by＋v.-ing形式
by＋v.-ing意为：“通过……；靠……；凭……”，可用来表方法、方式、手段等。
You can get in touch with her by sending an e-mail.
你可以发电子邮件和她取得联系。
What do you mean by saying that?
你那么说什么意思？
[点津] by表示方式时也可以接名词作宾语，但该名词前通常不用冠词。
May I pay by cheque?
我能用支票付款吗？
It's not fair to judge people by their appearance.
以貌取人是不公平的。[考题印证4]
(2010·江西高考)Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
A．of B．as
C．by D．with
解析：选 。考查介词辨析。句意：如今有些医院是以姓名来查阅患者的，而不是凭病例编号(去查询的)。by name“按姓名”。C写一篇人物传记 根据下列内容提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍我国享誉海内外的杰出科学家钱学森。
1．1911年12月出生于上海；
2．1934年毕业于上海交通大学；
3．1935年进入美国麻省理工学院深造，1936年转入加州理
工学院学习，在那里获得两个博士学位；
4．1955年，几经周折，返回祖国。毕生致力于科学研究，
为中国的航天事业作出了巨大贡献，被誉为“中国航天
之父”；5．2009年10月31日去世，享年98岁。
注意：
1．短文必须包括以上所有内容要点，可适当增加细节，以
使行文连贯；
2．词数：120左右。
3．参考词汇：麻省理工学院Massachusetts Institute of
Technology；航空航天工业aerospace industry ①Qian Xuesen, a famous Chinese scientist both at home and abroad, was born in Shanghai in December, 1911. ②He passed away on October 31, 2009, when he was 98 years old.
③He graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934. ④In 1935, he went first to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and then, a year later, to the California Institute of Technology, where he got two doctor's degrees. ⑤Though faced with many difficulties, he returned to China in 1955. ⑥Then, he devoted himself to China's aerospace industry and made great achievements.
⑦He will be always remembered by all Chinese people as the “father of China's space program”．第一段：简述钱学森的一生；
第二段：列举他一生中的主要事迹和成就；
第三段：概括人们对他的评价。①句中用了at home and abroad来说明钱学森是世界闻名的科学家。
②句中的pass away是die的委婉说法，表达了作者对钱老的思念之情。
④句用where引导的非限制定语从句说明其学术成就。
⑤句中用though引导的让步状语从句的省略句来体现钱老遇到的种种困难。
⑥句中用devote oneself to来表达钱老的付出。
⑦句中的father of China's space program表达了钱老在航天领域的地位。另外，句中使用的被动语态是本模块的重点语法内容，学以致用。 1．人物传记属于记叙文的范畴，以写人、记事为主，其中人物的出生时间和地点是必不可少的。
2．选材应有所侧重，不必面面俱到。通常以一件或几件事为中心组织材料，要突出人物的特点。
3．尊重客观事实，选材要真实，评价要公正。
4．选材要突出人物的生活背景及其成就，以形成对比，起到树立榜样的作用。
5．文章逻辑要严密，故事要生动感人。
6．时态要视情况而定，若写人物的过去就要用过去时态，若写人物的现在就要用现在时态。[黄金表达]1．have a deep/great influence on ...
2．Sb.is considered to be/as ... ; be regarded as ...
3．Few can match him in composing/writing/playing
basketball.
4．He led a happy/hard life when he was young./He spent his
childhood in ...
5．have a talent/gift for music/painting/art/science ...
6．receive/obtain/win the Nobel Prize for ...
7．make rapid/great progress in ...8．concentrate himself/time/energy on ...
9．devote his lifetime/himself to ...
10．set a good example to ...; make great contributions to ...
11．be praised for ...
12．be famous/known as/for ...
