课件31张PPT。Unit 5Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 5Suppose you have a chance to study abroad, would you like to choose South Africa？How much do you know about South Africa？Please read the following passage to get more information. My study experience in South Africa allowed me to make friends with people representing every color and see some of the most astonishing natural wonders. My experiences outside the classroom only enhanced (提高) what I was exposed to as a student at the University of Natal in Pietermaritzburg, a small town six hours south of Johannesburg. My fellow classmates at the University of Natal saw me as an apple-pie American in South Africa. The very night I arrived in South Africa — even before I could get my luggage in the door — I was invited to a house party in a Zulu Township. The party was an unforgettable introduction to my study in South Africa. I learned the manners of the Zulu handshake, was given the privilege of meeting the elders in their home, and danced until dawn with my new friends. South Africa offers everything you could ever imagine in a study experience abroad. When you're not studying, Africa's natural beauty and extreme landscape is an adventure sports mecca. There's skydiving, the tallest bungee jumping (蹦极) platform in the world, whitewater rafting, rock climbing, hiking, and much more.
Traveling around South Africa is easy and inexpensive. Cape Town, Johannesburg, Durban, and Pretoria are all major cities that offer awesome nightlife, great shopping, and amazing history. When it comes to traveling, if you keep your head and make wise decisions like you would anywhere else in the world, you'll be fine. I traveled mostly by bus and I couldn't have felt safer.
Outside these big cities, you'll find yourself traveling among zebras, lions, baboons (狒狒), and giraffes that casually stroll along the side of the road. Or you can see waterfalls taller than 15-story buildings and whitewater rafting down some of the most famous rivers in the world. The Indian Ocean is so clear; you can stand up to your neck in water and smile at your feet. If you love nature, this is your paradise. Just think through a study program, you can involve yourself in part of the changes taking place as South Africa struggles to find its new identity — and learn something about yourself at the same time.1．Look at the following world-famous landmarks and
write down the countries or cities they belong to.2.Do you want to go abroad for a further study？Look at the
following pictures of universities，where do you want to study？Why?___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________参考答案：Yes；I want to study in Harvard University.Because Harvard University is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and one of the most famous universities in the world.There are seven presidents of the United States graduating from it.3．What should we take into consideration before we decide
to travel abroad?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________参考答案：Money；Transportation；Making plans；Apply for a visa；Language；Local conditions and customs and so on.1．Read the text quickly and complete the main idea of it.
The text describes Xie Lei's life in the first months at a(n) ________ university, including some of the differences and ________ she experienced and how she ________ the problems.
答案：English；difficulties；solved2．Read the text and then match the main idea with each
paragraph.
(1)Paragraph 1 A．Xie Lei is getting used to the
Western University's way of
learning.
(2)Paragraph 2 B．The newspaper will follow
Xie Lei's progress in later
editions.
(3)Paragraph 3 C．The general introduction to
Xie Lei and her study.(4)Paragraph 4 D．The advantages of living with a
host family.
(5)Paragraph 5 E．Xie Lei, a Chinese girl, is studying
in a foreign country — London.
(6)Paragraph 6 F．The difficulties Xie Lei met while
living in London.
(7)Paragraph 7 G．Xie Lei feels much more at home in
England now and is living an
active life.答案：(1)Paragraph 1 E；(2)Paragraph 2 C； (3)Paragraph 3 F；(4)Paragraph 4 D； (5)Paragraph 5 A；(6)Paragraph 6 G； (7)Paragraph 7 B1．Read the text and then choose the best answers.
1．Xie Lei was very nervous when she left for London because
________.
A．she was too young
B．she was a shy girl
C．she didn't know what to expect
D．she didn't know where to go
2．You may read the text from a(n) ________.
A．newspaper B．magazine
C．book D．advertisement3．Living with the host families can give students ________.
A．the opportunity to go around the new country
B．the opportunity to learn the culture in the new country
C．the opportunity to get a business qualification
D．the opportunity to pass the preparation course4．Xie Lei got an E for her first essay because ________.
A．the tutor didn't like Chinese students
B．the tutor thought the essay was badly-written
C．the essay was a summary of an article
D．Xie Lei didn't know how to write an essay5．According to the text, two types of people helped Xie
Lei. They were ________.
A．a host family and a tutor
B．a host family and her classmates
C．her classmates and a tutor
D．a shopkeeper and a passer-by
答案：1～5 CABCA2．Read the text carefully and fill in the form.答案：(1)qualification (2)motherland (3)requirements
(4)acknowledging (5)opinion (6)autonomous
(7)English (8)host family (9)idiom (10)comfortRead the text carefully and then fill in the blanks.The world is getting smaller and smaller. We have more and more opportunities to travel or study abroad. Now you can discuss what are the benefits and difficulties with your partners and write them down in the following form.答案：Benefits：(1)help us to be independent (2)would be easier to learn a foreign language (3)learn a lot about local customs and broaden our views (4)fun to live in a new country (5)relaxing (6)have many new experiences
Difficulties：(1)difficult to communicate with others
(2)will cost a lot of money
(3)may be tiring to live in a new country
(4)must look after oneself课件36张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 5Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实1．Tom did too little (prepare) for his
examination, so he failed the exam.
2．Our teacher (recommend) the dictionary
to us.
3．My secretary a speech (draft) for the
meeting.preparationrecommendeddrafteddraft4．Ye Shiwen is widely (acknowledge) as
one of the best players in the world.
5．The ladder was out of order, which made us
a chair for it. That is, we used a chair as a
(substitute)．acknowledgedsubstitutesubstitute(二)根据词性和汉语意思写出单词
6． n. 资格；资历→ adj. 有资格的；合
格的；胜任的
7． n．舒适；安慰 vt.安慰―→ adj.舒
适的；舒服的―→ adv.舒适地；
舒服地
8． n．需要；要求―→ v．需要；要求
9． vt.占用；占领；占据―→ n．占领；
占据
10． n. & vi. 演讲；讲课→ n. 讲课者；演讲者qualificationqualifiedcomfortcomfortablecomfortablyrequirementrequireoccupyoccupationlecturelecturer1．preparation n. 准备；预备
[教材P38原句] She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.
大多数外籍学生在学位课程学习之前都要学一年预科，而谢蕾已经读完半年了。(1)make preparations for ...
为……做准备(强调动作)
in preparation for 作为……的准备
(2)prepare sth. 准备某事
prepare for sth. 为……做准备
be prepared for sth. 为某事做好准备(表示状态)①The students are making preparations
for the coming examinations.
学生们正在为即将到来的考试而做准备。
②The third book in the series is in preparation now.
丛书的第三册现在正准备出版。
③He packed his bags the journey.
他打好提包，为旅行做准备。
④They are all the coming sports meeting.
他们都在为即将到来的运动会做准备。in preparation forpreparing for2．recommend
[教材P38原句] Xie Lei highly recommends it.
谢蕾强力推荐它。
(1)vt.推荐；介绍①Can you recommend me a dictionary/a dictionary to me?
你能给我介绍一本词典吗？
②They recommend him for the job/as a good lawyer.
他们推荐他做这项工作/推荐说他是个好律师。(2)vt.建议；劝告③He the book before seeing the movie.
他建议先看这本书，再去看那部电影。recommended reading④The doctor recommended his patient to go out for a walk.
医生建议他的病人出去散散步。
⑤The teacher recommended that everyone
the English party.
老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。(should) take anactive part in[点津] recommend (建议)后的 that 从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)＋do”。3．substitute
[教材P38原句] Also, when I miss my family, it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.
还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
(1)n.代替者；代用品
①The course teaches you the theory but there's no substitute for practical experience.
这门课程教的是理论，但没有任何东西能代替实践经验。(2)vt. 用……代替②She often substitutes for absent teachers in their Spanish classes.
她经常代替缺勤的老师上西班牙语课。
③We should a broken window a new one.
＝We should substitute a new window for a broken one.
我们应该用新窗户更换破了的窗户。substitutewith/by4．acknowledge
[教材P38原句] First of all，he told me，I couldn't write what other people had said without acknowledging them.
他告诉我说，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。
(1)vt.答谢；告知收到
①I gratefully acknowledged financial support from several local businesses.
我对本地几家企业的资助表示感谢。acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as ...
承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge that ... 承认……
acknowledge doing ... 承认做……
It is universally/generally acknowledged that ...
被公认为……②They acknowledged having been defeated at last.
最后，他们承认被打败了。
③ he is the best player in the world.
他被公认为是世界最佳球员。It is universally/generally acknowledged that(2)vt.承认（……的重要性）；确认5. occupy
[教材P39原句] I have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.
我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。
(1)vt. 占用(时间、空间)；占据；占领
①Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.
工作上的问题继续在他脑海中萦绕了一段时间。(2)vt.使忙碌；使从事in with1．adjust 适应；调节
2．keep it 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
3．fit 相适应；相融和
4．refer 参考；查阅
5．feel home 感觉自在；不拘束
6．apply 申请
7．be occupied 忙着做……；忙于某事物
8．take 占据toupintoatforwithup1．keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
[教材P38原句] KEEP IT UP, XIE LEI
谢蕾，再接再厉
①If Sun Yang could keep it up, he would break the world record again.
如果孙扬能再接再厉，他会再次打破世界纪录的。
keep up意义很多，注意其在下面句中的含义：②The rain kept up all day; children were eager to play outside.
雨下了整整一天，孩子们渴望出去玩。(持续不变)
③They sang songs to keep their spirits up.
他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。(使不低落)
④We must keep up our fine traditions.
我们必须保持我们优良的传统。(沿用；保持)2．fit in 相适应；相融和
[教材P38原句] Chinese student fitting in well
中国学生适应能力强
①I don't think he'll fit in with others.
我认为他不会与别人合得来。
②To my surprise, he his neighbours well.
令我吃惊的是他跟他的邻居们相处得很好。fits in with③He is not fit to be a member of our club.
他不适合做我们俱乐部的成员。be fit for 胜任；适合；合格
be fit to do sth. 适合做某事1．[句型展示] It was the first time she had ever left her
motherland.
这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。
[典例背诵]
It's the first time that I've spoken in public.
这是我第一次在公共场合发言。2．[句型展示] But I was also very nervous as I didn't know
what to expect ...
但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么 ……
[典例背诵]
I couldn't decide which city to visit during the summer holidays.
我无法决定暑假期间去参观哪座城市。3．[句型展示] Besides, as far as he was concerned, what
other people thought was not the most important thing.
此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。
[典例背诵]
As far as English is concerned, he is the best in our class.
就英语来说，他是我们班最优秀的。4．[句型展示] You have to get used to a whole new way of
life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning ...
你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，刚开始这会占去你的全部注意力……
[典例背诵]
Diaoyu Islands have been China's territory since ancient times, which is a fact nobody can change.
钓鱼岛自古以来就是中国的领土，这一点是任何人都无法改变的。1．It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.
这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。
(1)本句用了一个固定句式：“It/This/That was/is the first time
(that) ...”， 句意为“这是第一次……”。that 在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词 time。
①It is the first time (that) I have been to Beijing.
这是我第一次去北京。
②It was the first time that she at evening school.
这是她第一次上夜校。had been[点津] 该句型中从句的时态一般为完成时态：主句为一般现在时，从句用现在完成时；主句为一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。
(2)the first time 可用作连词引导一个句子，具有此类功能的
常见的词(组)有：
the＋序数词＋time, the moment/minute/instant, directly, immediately, each time, every time 等。③I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.
我第一次见到她就认为她非常善良、诚实。
④She came to the scene the moment she heard the news.
她一听到这个消息就赶到了现场。
⑤The police set out to save the kidnapped boy immediately they had the clue.
警察一得到线索就马上出发去救那个被绑架的孩子。2．Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people
thought was not the most important thing.
此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。
(1)as far as he was concerned“就他而言；他认为”在句中用作
插入语。
as far as one is concerned 就某人而言；依某人看来
①As far as we're concerned, you can go whenever you want.
就我们而言，你们随时想走都可以走。
②The rise in interest rates will be a disaster as far as she is concerned.
利率的增加对她来说是大祸临头。③As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.
就我所知，一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。
④Zheng He sailed as far as Madagascar off the coast of Southeastern coast of Africa.
郑和航海远达非洲东南海岸的马达加斯加岛。课件41张PPT。语篇理解课时跟踪检测Unit 5Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实Ⅰ.Read the text and then choose the best answers.
1．On which tours can you visit the famous Inca ruins of
the city of Machu Picchu?
A．Tour 1 and Tour 2.
B．Tour 2 and Tour 3.
C．Tour 1 and Tour 3.
D．Tour 3 and Tour 4.
答案：C2．Which of the following statements is true according
to the passage?
A．Peru has the highest lake in the world.
B．Peru is short of wildlife.
C．Peru has only one official language.
D．Peru mainly has four geographical areas.
答案：A3．Which is not mentioned in the passage?
A．Peru lies on the Pacific coast.
B．Boats can travel on Lake Titicaca.
C．Peru has two official languages.
D．Lima is the capital of Peru.
答案：C
4．From the second paragraph, we can find out
that________played an important role in the Inca civilization.
A．Spain B．Russia
C．China D．America
答案：A5．Why is Cuzco popular with tourists?
A．Because it is the capital of Peru.
B．Because it is close to the famous ruins of the city of
Machu Picchu.
C．Because it is a lively city.
D．Because the ancient Inca capital.
答案：B6.If you want to get an opportunity to learn about the Uros
Indian's life, you can choose ________.
A．Tour 1 B．Tour 2
C．Tour 3 D．Tour 4
答案：BⅡ.Read the text carefully and fill in the form.答案：1.Pacific 2.Lima 3.1821 4.highest 5.ruins 6.jungle 7.sunrise 8.countryside 9.floating 10.museums 11.architecture 12.royal tomb根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词
1．a________：a person or company that does business for
another person or company
答案：agent
2．a________：a word or statement saying sorry for sth. that
has been wrong
答案：apology3．a________：existing or available in large quantities
答案：abundant
4．g________：to control and manage an area and its people
答案：govern
5．d________：the place where someone or something is going
答案：destination
6．o________：that you can choose to do or have if you want to
答案：optional7．r________：the normal order and way in which you
regularly do things
答案：routine
8．d________：tool or machine with a detachable pointed
end for making holes
答案：drill1．apology n．道歉；谢罪
[教材P40原句] Sara acknowledged her mistake and made an apology immediately.
莎拉承认了错误并且立刻道歉。(1)make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事而向某人道歉
owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉
(2)apologize (apologise) vi. 道歉；认错
apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉①I made an apology to him for stepping on his foot.
我因踩了他的脚而向他道歉。
②I'm afraid I was rather bad-tempered yesterday; I think I .
恐怕我昨天的脾气不怎么好，我认为应该向你道歉。
③We apologize to all of you for the late departure of this flight.
我们因航班的延误向你们所有人道歉。owe you an apology2．abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的
[教材P43原句] Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.
从荒漠草原到广阔的丛林地区，秘鲁有着丰富的植被。
①The country has abundant supplies of oil and gas.
这个国家的石油和天然气供应非常充足。(1)be abundant in 富有……；……很丰富
(2)abundance n. 大量；丰富；充裕
in abundance 大量；丰足
an abundance of 丰富的……②The region is abundant in wildlife.
这个地区野生动物极多。
③At the feast there was an abundance of food and drink. It's obvious that people live .
宴会上有丰盛的食品和饮料。显然人们过着丰衣足食的生活。in abundance3．govern vt. & vi. 统治；支配；管理
[教材P43原句] Once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy Inca Empire, much of South America was governed by Spain from the sixteenth century onwards.
秘鲁曾经是强盛而极为富裕的印加帝国的中心，从16世纪起，南美洲许多地区都是由西班牙统治的。
①Prices are very much governed by market demand.
价格在很大程度上取决于市场需求。governor n． 统治者；总督；州长
governance n. 统治；管理；治理
government n. 政府；内阁②It's said that the new military government does not have popular support.
据说新上台的军政府没有得到广泛的支持。govern, rule[语境串记]
Charles Ⅰ ruled England for 11 years but he was not capable to govern the country.
查理一世统治英国11年但治国无方。1．make an apology ________ 向……道歉
2．apply ________ 申请
3．day ________ and day ________ 日复一日
4．be parallel ________ 与……平行；
与……相似
5．be popular ________ 受……欢迎
6．________ one's independence 获得独立7．________ of the question 不可能的；不值得讨论的
8．a variety ________ 各种各样的
9．________ the company of 有……陪伴
10．settle ________ (迁入新居、更换工作后)安 顿下来
答案：1.to 2.for 3.in; out 4.to 5.with 6.gain
7．out 8.of 9.in 10.in1．day in and day out 日复一日
[教材P40原句] Day in and day out I follow almost the same routine.
我几乎天天都是这样做的。
①The old man repeated the same words day in and day out.
这位老人天天重复着同一句话。day and night 日日夜夜
day by day 一天天地；逐日
day after day 一天又一天；日复一日②He went to see the tree he planted and found it taller and taller day by day.
他天天去看他栽的那棵树，发现它一天天地长高了。
③You've spoiled your eyes by watching the computer screen
.
你日复一日地盯着电脑屏幕，已经损害了眼睛。
[点津] day after day 强调动作的重复，而 day by day 则强调状态的变化。day after day2．out of the question不可能的；不值得讨论的
[教材P43原句] It's out of the question.
那是不可能的。
①Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be out of the question.
没你的帮助提前完成任务是不可能的。
②This kind of friendship is quite .
这种友谊根本不值得讨论。out of the questionwithout question 毫无疑问
beyond question 毋庸置疑
out of question 没问题；毫无疑问
in question 在讨论中的③He is without question the brightest student in the school.
毫无疑问他是学校里最聪明的学生。
[点津] out of the question和out of question这两个短语：有 the 就不可能、不值得讨论；无 the 就一定、毫无疑问。
④Borrowing money from him was .
想跟他借钱，简直是门儿都没有。out of the question3．settle in (迁入新居；更换工作后)安顿下来；适应(新
环境、新工作)
①We only moved house last week and we haven't settled in yet.
我们上星期才搬的家，还没安顿下来呢。
②I find it difficult my new job.
我发现很难适应新工作。to settle in③After injected, the patient settled down.
打针之后，病人安静下来。
④They a serious discussion over coffee.
他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论问题。settled themselves down to1．[句型展示]
In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.
在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。
[典例背诵]
In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.
演讲者坐在演讲厅前面。2．[句型展示] From here you'll travel by boat to your
accommodation in a forest reserve, which holds the record for the most bird sightings in one area.
从这里可以乘船到森林保护区的接待站。这个护林区保持着一项观鸟纪录，即在一个地区可以看到最多的鸟类。
[典例背诵]
He told me a story yesterday, which I think is very interesting.
他昨天给我讲了一个故事，我认为这个故事很有趣。In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.
位于高原地区有的的喀喀湖这是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。
句中主句 in the high plains area is Lake Titicaca 实际上是一个倒装句，主语是 Lake Titicaca, in the high plains area 作表语，the highest lake ... 是 Lake Titicaca 的同位语。(1)当表示地点的介词短语，如on a hill，in the valley，
round the corner等位于句首，动词为be，come，go，lie，stand，walk等时，句子常用完全倒装，即将整个谓语部分放在主语前面。
①Round the corner of the street is a flower shop.
在街道拐角处有一家花店。
②On a hill in front of them .
在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。stood a great castle(2)将下列词置于句首，主语不是代词，且谓语为 be, go,come
等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装。地点副词(here, there)；方位副词(out, in, up, down)；时间副词(now, then)。
③Here is the money I promised you.
这是我答应给你的钱。
④First, a man cried for help. Then
followed a shot of gun.
先是一个男人喊救命，接着是一声枪响。(3)作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对较长，
为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置构成完全倒装。
⑤Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.
我们没有东西吃的日子已经过去了。课件33张PPT。Section ⅣUnit 5语法讲座写作讲座知识必备专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句的概念
非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分做进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开。He often comes to school late, which makes his teacher angry.
他经常上课迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。
She eats too much, which makes her heavier and heavier.
她吃得太多，这使她越来越胖。二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有 as, which, whom, who, whose；关系副词有 when, where 等。
Yao Ming, as you know, is an excellent basketball player.
你知道，姚明是一名优秀的篮球运动员。
Mr. Smith, whose foot was badly hurt, was quickly sent to the local hospital.
史密斯先生的脚受了重伤，很快就被送到了当地医院。
We'll graduate in July, when we will be free.
我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。[考题印证1]1－1(2012·陕西高考)It is the third time that she has won
the race, ________ has surprised us all.
A．that B．where
C．which D．what
解析：选 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使得我们大家非常吃惊。关系词 which代表前面整个主句的内容； that不能引导非限制性定语从句；where引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句。C1－2(2012·浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of
nature, ________， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
A．which B．who
C．where D．whom
解析：选 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，定语从句的先行词是a painter，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应该用关系代词who。B1．as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别As we all know, Tai Wan belongs to China.
正如我们所知，台湾是中国的一部分。
Allen made much progress in English, which delighted us.
艾伦英语取得了很大进步，这使我们很高兴。2．as 引导限制性定语从句，常与 the same, such, as 等连用，
在句中常作主语、宾语或表语。
3．as 引导非限制性定语从句，常用在一些固定结构中。
as is said above 如上所述
as is already mentioned above 就跟上边所提到的那样
as is known to all 众所周知
as is often the case 就跟经常的情况那样
as often happens 就跟经常发生的那样
as is reported 就跟所报道的那样
as you can see 就跟你看到的那样[考题印证2]2－1(2012·福建高考)The air quality in the city, ________ is
shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A．that B．it
C．as D．what
解析：选 考查定语从句。句意：就像报告中所表明的那样，这城市的空气质量在过去的两个月里已有改善。as 引导非限制性定语从句，且代表整个主句的内容。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。it和what不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句。C2－2(2012·安徽高考)A lot of language learning, ________
has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A．as B．it
C．which D．this解析：选 考查定语从句。句意：正如发现的那样，大量的语言学习是在出生后的第一年发生的，所以父母应当在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析句子结构可知，“________ has been discovered”，为非限制性定语从句，且位于先行词所指的“A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life”整个句子之间，故用as。A三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
1．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导
非限制性定语从句。该结构中关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不可用that；关系代词在从句中作定语时用whose。
I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting.
我没有去开会，我已经把理由告诉他们了。
He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was very angry.
他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。2．from where也可以引导定语从句。
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the whole town.
我们站在山顶上，从那里可以看到整个城镇。[考题印证3]3－1(2012·四川高考)In our class there are 46 students,
________ half wear glasses.
A．in whom B．in them
C．of whom D．of them
解析：选 考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属关系，应用of。故选C。C3－2(2011·浙江高考)English is a language shared by several
diverse cultures, each of ______ uses it somewhat differently.
A．which B．what
C．them D．those
解析：选 考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中作each of 的宾语，所以应该用关系代词which。A四、使用非限制性定语从句时需注意的问题：
1．that 不能用于引导非限制性定语从句。
2．非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进
行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
3．非限制性定语从句中，不用 why 引导，用 for which 代
替 why。
4．先行词为独一无二的物体时，一般用非限制性定语从句。The sun, which rises in the east, gives us light and heat.
太阳从东边升起，给我们光和热。
The Great Wall, which is called in Chinese “The Ten-Thousand Li Great Wall”， is actually more than 6,000 kilometers.
长城，中国人称作“万里长城”实际不只有6 000公里。书信 假设你是李华。你的外国笔友 Jane 打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国人的社交习俗。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。
1．见面时的问候方式；
2．对赞美的回答方式；
3．接收礼物时的回应方式；
4．餐宴礼节。
注意：1.词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。 2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Jane，
Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua Dear Jane，
Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July. The following are some Chinese customs.
①Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello”or asking such questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you
busy？” to express our care. ②Secondly, when praised, we reply with “Oh，no！” or “I'm over-praised.” to show good manners. ③Next, when receiving a gift, we usually say “It's unnecessary.” besides saying “Thanks.” to show politeness and then put it away. ④Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someone's health or success to show that we're warm. ⑤Anyhow, different cultures have different customs. If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome.”， you'll enjoy more of your stay here.
I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua 本文可分为三个部分。
第一部分为第一段，呼应笔友的来信；
第二部分为第二、三段，作者根据笔友的问题作出答复并提出中肯的建议；
第三部分是最后一段，作者提出了自己的希望和建议。整篇文章内容充实，语意连贯，结构流畅。
第①②③④⑤句中过渡词 firstly, secondly, next, finally, anyhow 的使用使文章流畅自然；
另外，①句中的“such ... as ...”结构，②③④句中省略结构“when praised”，“when receiving”，“when drinking”的应用使文章更加文采熠熠，摇曵多姿。 写书信时首先应该注意写信的格式，即开头(一般给出信的开头)和结尾，然后根据一定的情境和所提供的信息，把情况介绍清楚，可适当发挥，使句子意思完整，语句通顺。
书信一般采取三段式结构：
首段，提一提来信提到的事情，自然引入要谈论的话题。 第二段，针对来信中的问题，提出自己的看法。在表达自己的建议时要有的放矢、切中要害，力求简洁扼要。在说理的过程中要尽量站在对方的角度客观地分析问题，努力做到逻辑分明，理由充分；在提建议时，要注意选用合适的词汇或句型委婉地提出自己的建议让对方思考。
末段，简洁地提出希望自己的建议对其有所帮助或是表示自己良好的祝福。[黄金表达]常用的开头语：
①Thank you for your letter dated September 1.
②Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.
③Your letter which arrived this morning gave me a great comfort.
④In reply to your letter, I want to say ...
⑤Thank you very much for your letter and the gift you sent me.⑥Many thanks for your kind letter which reached me yesterday.
⑦I have the pleasure/honor to inform/tell you that ...
⑧I must apologize for not writing to you for so long.
⑨I am writing to you ...
⑩I am excited/glad/happy to learn that ...常用的结束语有：
①Awaiting your good news.
②Hoping to hear from you soon.
③I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
④I am looking forward to our next meeting.
⑤Your early reply will be highly appreciated.⑥Please write to me when you have time.
⑦I hope everything will be well with you.
⑧Please let us know if you want more information.
⑨Please remember me to your family.
⑩With best regards to your family.
