单元尾
核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．____________adv.最后，终于→____________
adj.最后的，最终发生的
2．____________adj.显然的，显而易见的→____________
adv.明显地，显而易见地
3．____________n．翻译；转化→____________
vt.&vi.翻译；转化为→____________
n．翻译(者)，译员
4．____________vt.制造；修筑，建造→____________n．建筑；建设→____________n．建筑者，建造者→____________adj.建设性的，积极的
5．____________adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的→__________n．(接近或进入某地的)方法；通路；(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利
6．____________vt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→____________n．分布；分配；分发
7．____________n．适应；改编本，改写本→____________v．改编，改写；适应
8．____________adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的→____________adv.随便地；漫不经心地
9．____________adj.合适的，适当的→____________v．适合于；合(某人的)心意
10．____________adj.宗教的，宗教信仰的；笃信宗教的，虔诚的→____________n．宗教
【答案】 1.eventually；eventual 2.obvious；obviously
3.translation;
translate；translator
4．construct；construction；constructor；constructive
5．accessible；access 6.distribute；distribution
7．adaptation；adapt 8.casual；casually 9.suitable；suit 10.religious；religion
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．____________
in
touch
with
与……保持联系
____________
in
touch
with
和……取得联系
____________
touch
with
和……失去联系
2．contribute
____________
有利于，促进
make
____________
to...
对……做出贡献
3．be
accessible
____________
可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
get/have
____________
to
得以接近/进入/使用
4．be
absorbed
____________
全神贯注于
focus
____________
全神贯注于，集中于
5．rid...____________
摆脱，除去
be
rid
____________
摆脱
get
rid
____________
摆脱；丢弃；扔掉
【答案】 1.keep；get；lose 2.to；a
contribution/contributions 3.to；access 4.in；on 5.of；of；of
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．John
Logie
Baird
constructed
the
first
colour
TV
in
1928,
but
____________
(但直到1938年)the
first
colour
TV
programme
was
broadcast.
2．____________(然而二十多年后),
though,
until
1951,
for
regular
colour
TV
broadcasts
____________(开始)in
the
USA.
3．Satellites
allow
TV
to
be
broadcast
live
over
vast
distances,
____________(每个人在同一时间收到)
the
same
broadcast
at
the
same
time.
4．I
was
at
the
dentist's
last
Sunday
to
____________(检查牙齿)．
5．______________
(并不是所有的一切)that
you
hear
is
very
important.
【答案】 1.it
was
not
until
1938
that 2.It
took
more
than
two
decades；to
begin 3.with
everyone
receiving 4.have
my
teeth
checked
5．Not
everything
Ⅳ.回顾话题
用本单元的词汇或句式完成下列写作任务
有了移动电话，无论我们在哪儿，都可以和别人保持联系。但它有一些明显的缺点。例如，大多数情况下，手机的辐射对我们的健康是有害的。因此，一些人拒绝使用手机。对我个人而言，我不反对使用手机，而且，我认为手机携带起来很轻便，用手机发短信也很方便。
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_____________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
With
mobile
phones,
we
can
keep
in
touch
with
others
wherever
we
are.But
there
are
also
some
obvious
drawbacks
of
the
mobile
phones.For
example,
under
most
circumstances，the
radiation
is
harmful
to
our
health,
as
a
result
of
which
some
people
reject
using
them.As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
don't
oppose
using
mobile
phones,
what's
more,
I
think
mobile
phones
are
portable
and
it
is
convenient
to
send
text
messages
by
them.单元尾
核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．__________
vi.离开→____________
n．离开，出发；背离，违反
2．____________
vt.违犯，违反；侵犯→____________
n．违犯，违反；侵犯
3．____________adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地→____________adj.不幸的，可惜的→____________
adj.幸运的→____________
adv.幸运地
4．____________
adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的→____________
adj.可信的；真实存在的→____________
v．相信→____________
n．信念；信仰；相信
5．__________
vt.种植vi.增长；成长；生长→____________
n．增加，增长；成长，生长
6．____________v．保留；预订；储备n.贮藏(物)储备→____________n．预订，预约；保留意见
7．____________adj.准时的，守时的→____________adv.准时地→____________n．准时，守时
8．____________
v．询问，咨询；调查→____________
n．询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究
【答案】 1.depart；departure 2.violate；violation 3.unfortunately；unfortunate；fortunate；fortunately
4．unbelievable；believable；believe；belief
5．grow；growth 6.reserve；reservation
7．punctual；punctually；punctuality
8．enquire；enquiry
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．drop
________
中途下客或卸货；下降；打瞌睡
drop
________
(on
sb./at
sp.)
顺便走访(某人/某地)
drop
________
退学，辍学；退出，脱离
2．link
________
联合，连接
link
up
________
与……联合，(使)与……连接
link...________
...
将……和……联系或连接起来
3．turn
________
出现，到来；调高(音量等)
turn
________
关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向
turn
________
生产；结果是；关掉；出动；驱逐
turn
________
移交给；翻阅；把……翻过来；反复考虑
turn
________
把声音调低；拒绝
4．put
sb.________(to...)
给某人接通(电话)
put
________
攒钱；积蓄；把……放在一边
put
________
举起；建造
put
________
推迟，推延；使反感
put
up
________
忍受；容忍
5．speed
________
(使)加速
________
high/low/full
speed
以高/低/全速
at
a
speed
________...
以……速度
________
all
speed
全速
【答案】 1.off；in；out 2.up；with；with/to 3.up；off；out；over；down 4.through；aside；up；off；with
5．up；at；of；with
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．Why
________
(宁愿)many
people
choose
to
travel
by
airplane
________
(而不愿)by
ship
2．________(看到这种情况)，a
wealthy
American
businessman,
Charles
Yerkes,
undertook
the
job
of
improving
the
system
in
1902
by
obtaining
ownership
of
the
many
different
lines
and
setting
up
the
Underground
Electric
Railways
Company
of
London.
3．So,
________(为什么不乘坐)
a
trip
on
the
oldest
underground
system
today
4．________(以下是)
some
of
the
major
causes
of
road
accidents
in
connection
with
vehicles
such
as
cars，minibuses
and
lorries，and
what
drivers
should
do
to
prevent
them.
5．____________(一切都取决于道路使用者)to
make
sure
that
we
avoid
accidents
by
paying
attention
to
road
safety.
【答案】 1.would;
rather
than 2.Having
seen
the
situation 3.why
not
take 4.Below
are 5.It
is
up
to
all
of
us
road
users
Ⅳ.回顾话题
用本单元词汇或句式完成下列写作任务
格林先生现在的任务是决定防止疾病发展的方法。我们都知道，他的病是因为缺乏锻炼而引起的。首先，他应该承诺要先卸掉肩上的重负；其次，过度的工作加快了疾病的进程；更为重要的是，他总是感到不舒服了却还延迟去看医生。
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_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
The
task
of
Mr.Green
now
is
to
decide
on
the
ways
to
prevent
the
disease
from
developing.As
we
all
know,
his
illness
arose
from
the
lack
of
exercise.Firstly，he
should
promise
to
take
the
heavy
load
off
his
shoulders.Secondly,
his
overworking
sped
up
the
process
of
the
illness.What's
more,
he
would
always
postpone
seeing
the
doctor
even
when
he
didn't
feel
well.Section
Ⅳ Task
&
Project
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
终端，终端设备；终点
adj.
末端的，末梢的
2．________
n.
目录；电话号码簿；公司名录
3．________
vt.
分类，归类
4．________
vt.
(用计算机或打字机)打字
5．________
n.
资格，资历
6．________
vt.
仔细搜索；梳理(头发)
n.
梳子
7．________
adj.
紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的
8．________
vi.&vt.
花费时间、精力(做某事)；
打扰，给某人造成麻烦
9．________
n.
改正，纠正，修正
10．________
vt.
承认，认可；感谢
【答案】 1.terminal 2.directory 3.classify
4．type 5.qualification 6.comb 7.relevant
8．bother 9.correction 10.acknowledge
看单词 学构词
后缀 ion可构成名词，表示“行为的过程、结果、状况”，如：action动作，conclusion结论，destruction破坏，毁灭。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．according________
根据
2．keep...________
mind
记住；牢记
3．be
linked
________
与……相联系
4．comb(through)something________仔细搜寻
5．a
bunch
________
一串，一束；大量，大批
6．________
to
date
现代的，时新的
7．take
________
consideration
考虑到/顾及到……
8．read
________
认真通读
9．as
________
general
rule
一般情况下
10．make
________
difference
有关系；有影响；有区别；起重要作用
【答案】 1.to 2.in 3.to 4.for 5.of 6.up
7．into 8.over 9.a 10.a
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．One
of
the
most
common
ways
________________
is
in
the
form
of
charts...
呈现事实和数据最常用的方法之一就是用图表形式……
2．...60
per
cent
of
people
________
football
________
table
tennis...
……与乒乓球相比，60%的人更喜欢足球……
3．The
first
is
________
facts
and
figures
more
than
opinions.
首先要依赖事实和数据而不是主观臆断。
4．________
you
know
about
Internet
research，________
you
will
find
what
you
are
looking
for，and
________
informed
you
will
be.
你对网络了解得越多，你就会越快地找到你要找的东西，并且你就会更加见多识广。
5．________________
your
time
spent
doing
research
on
the
Internet
will
be
much
more
worthwhile.
遵循这些建议，你花在因特网上搞研究的时间将会更值得。
【答案】 1.that
facts
and
figures
are
presented
2．prefer；to 3.to
rely
on 4.The
more；the
faster；the
better
5.Follow
these
tips，and
阅读P46～P47课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．What
is
the
fastest
growing
source
of
information
in
the
world
today
A．A
library.
B．A
book.
C．The
Internet.
D．An
engine.
2．What
are
the
two
services
you
can
choose
between
to
assist
your
research
A．Search
engines
and
subject
directions.
B．Search
and
subject.
C．Engine
and
directory.
D．Engine
and
Google.
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
A．People
are
lazy
so
that
they
don't
want
to
put
correct
information
on
the
Internet.
B．Generally
speaking,
one
should
check
the
source
of
the
information
found
on
the
Internet.
C．When
you
use
the
search
engine,
you
have
only
two
symbols
to
use.
D．Search
engines
are
a
kind
of
computer.
4．Why
does
someone
cheat
when
they
copy
some
words
on
the
Internet
A．Because
policemen
hate
cheating.
B．Because
they
don't
have
the
copyright
of
the
words.
C．Because
they
are
lying.
D．Because
they
are
hackers.
5．This
passage
is
written
mainly
to
________
.
A．introduce
to
us
how
to
look
for
information
on
the
Internet
B．tell
us
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
the
Internet
C．introduce
to
us
several
news
sources
D．warn
us
to
be
careful
when
surfing
the
Internet
【答案】 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A
阅读P46～P47课文，判断正误(T/F)
1．Search
engines
and
subject
directories
give
us
direct
links
and
the
information
is
chosen
and
organized
in
the
same
way.( )
2．Search
engines
are
websites.( )
3．The
contents
from
the
search
engines
have
not
been
evaluated.( )
4．Subject
directories
are
built
by
humans.( )
5．Personal
web
pages
are
recommended
for
doing
research.( )
6．It
is
not
necessary
to
attach
a
list
of
websites
you
got
your
information
from.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F
keep...in
mind 记住；牢记
(教材P46)There
are,
however,
some
things
to
keep
in
mind
when
you
use
it
to
do
research.但是，当你使用因特网做研究时，必须谨记一些注意事项。
bear...in
mind
记住
bring/
call...to
mind
想起……
keep
one's
mind
on
sth.
继续专心于某事物
make
up
one's
mind
下定决心；拿定主意
change
one's
mind
改变主意
①Our
hunch
is
that
it's
mostly
the
latter,
but
bear
in
mind
that
the
connection
is
subtle.
直觉告诉我们主要是后者，但是请记住，二者的联系是非常微妙的。
②Once
she
has
made
up
his
mind
to
do
something,
nothing
can
change
her
mind.
一旦她下定决心做某事，什么也不能让她改变主意。
classify
vt.分类，归类
(教材P46)The
links
that
you
get
are
not
classified
by
subject.
你获得的链接并没有根据主题分类。
(1)classify...as...
把……界定为……
classify...into...
把……分成……
classify...by/according
to...
按……把……分类
(2)classified
adj.
分类；归类
(3)classification
n.
分类；归类；等级；门类
classifiable
adj.
可分类的
①Only
eleven
of
these
accidents
were
classified
as
major.
这些事故中只有十一起被界定为重大事故。
②The
books
in
the
library
are
classified(classify)
according
to
subject.
图书馆的书按学科分类。
③Biologists
classify
animals
and
plants
into
different
groups.
生物学家将动植物分成不同的群体。
relevant
adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的
(教材P46)Most
often,
the
information
in
subject
directories
has
been
evaluated,
and
someone
has
decided
that
the
information
is
relevant
and
correct.
通常说来，主题目录里的信息是经过了评估的，人们已确定了这些信息的相关性和正确性。
(1)be
relevant
to...
与……有关
(2)irrelevant
adj.
无关的，不切题的
(3)relevance
n.
关联，贴切，中肯
have
relevance
to...
与……有关
(4)relevantly
adv.
紧密相关地，切题地
①Many
people
believe
that
classical
music
is
not
relevant
to
young
people
today.
许多人认为古典音乐与今天的年轻人是不相关的。②What
he
said
has
no
direct
relevance
to
the
matter
in
hand.
他说的话与眼下的事没有直接关系。
③The
applicant
has
experience
in
teaching
and,
more
relevantly(relevant),
in
industry.
这位申请者有教学经验，更重要的是，也有企业工作的经验。
take
...
into
consideration
考虑到/顾及到……
(教材P46)There
are
several
things
to
take
into
consideration
when
you
are
searching.
当你在搜索信息时，有几件事要考虑。
(1)under
consideration
在考虑中
in
consideration
of
考虑到；由于
on
no
consideration
在任何情况下都不
(2)consider
vt.
考虑；认为；考虑到
consider
doing
sth.
考虑做某事
(3)considerate
adj.
体贴的；考虑周到的
①The
proposals
are
currently
under
consideration.
那些提案目前正在审议中。
②It
was
very
considerate(consider)
of
you
to
let
us
know
you
were
going
to
be
late.
你事先告诉我们你会迟到，考虑得非常周到。
bother
vi.&vt.花费时间、精力(做某事)；打扰，给某人造成麻烦
(教材P47)Usually,
people
try
to
put
correct
information
on
the
Internet,
but
not
every
person
bothers
to
read
over
their
own
writing
and
make
corrections.
通常人们尽量把正确的信息放在因特网上，但并不是每个人都费心核对他们所写的内容并改正错误。
(1)bother
doing/to
do
sth.
费心做某事
bother
about/with
sth.
为……费心，花费(时间、精力)做某事
bother
sb.with/about
sth.
麻烦某人做某事
It
bothers
sb.to
do
sth.
做某事使某人不安
(2)bother
n.
恼人的事物；讨厌的事物
have
no/
much/
little
bother
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事不费力/很费力/几乎不费力
①He
didn't
even
bother
to
let
me
know
he
was
coming.
他甚至都没通知我他要来。
②We
had
much
bother
finding(find)
our
way
there.
我们费了好大的劲才找到去那儿的路。
③Don't
bother
me
with
such
simple
questions.
不要用这么简单的问题来烦我。
make
a
difference有关系；有影响；有区别；起重要作用
(教材P47)The
way
you
type
your
key
words
makes
a
difference.输入关键词的方式很重要。
make
some/no/any/not
much/a
great
deal
of
difference
有一些/没有/任何/不
太大的/很大的差别
make
all
the
difference
大不相同，关系重大
tell
the
difference
between
辨别……的差别
①Morning
or
afternoon.It
makes
no
difference
to
me.
上午或下午都行，我无所谓。
②A
few
kind
words
at
the
right
time
make
all
the
difference.
在适当的时候说几句体贴话的效果迥然不同。
③I
can
never
tell
the
difference
between
the
twins.
我从来都没分清过这对双胞胎。
acknowledge
vt.承认，认可；感谢
(教材P47)When
you
are
finished,
you
should
always
acknowledge
where
you
got
your
data
by
attaching
a
list
of
the
websites
you
got
your
information
from.
当你写完报告时，你总是应该附上你获取信息的网站列表，表明你所获资料的来源。
acknowledge
that...
承认……
acknowledge
doing
sth.
承认做某事
acknowledge
sb./sth.as/to
be...
认为……是……
It's
widely
acknowledged
that...
普遍认为……
①I
did
not
acknowledge
that
he
had
done
anything
wrong.
我没有承认他犯了什么错。
②He
acknowledged
having(have)
lied
to
me.
他承认向我撒谎了。
③It
is
widely
acknowledged
that
she
is
the
best
tennis
player
in
the
world.
她被公认为世界最佳网球选手。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．The
training
course
can
______
you
to
be
a
journalist.
After
you
finish
it,
you
will
have
the
______
for
interview.
And
with
your
hard
work,
you
are
sure
to
be
a______
reporter.(qualify)
2．There
is
almost
universal
______
that
the
plan
has
failed.
But
as
the
designer,
he
never
______
his
mistakes.(acknowledge)
3．Some
details
are
not
______
in
your
report
so
I've
made
a
few
______.(correct)
4．She
works
as
a
______
in
a
law
firm.She
can
______
fast
and
perfectly.(type)
5．Advertisements
in
newspapers
are
______
and
they
are
______
according
to
their
subject.(classify)
【答案】 1.qualify；qualification；qualified
2．acknowledgment；acknowledged 3.correct；corrections
4.typist；type 5.classifiable；classified
Ⅱ.选词填空
keep...in
mind；classify...by；up
to
date；make
a
difference；qualify...as；comb
through；take...
into
consideration
1．We
can
________
these
questions________the
level
of
difficulty.
2．We
should________________that
we
only
have
one
earth
and
we
should
protect
it
carefully.
3.
His
training________him________a
teacher
of
English.
4．It
was
a
modern
factory－everything
was
really
__________.
5．Yet
still
we
struggle
to__________，to
change
the
world，to
dream
of
hope.
【答案】 1.classify；by 2.keep
in
mind
3．qualifies；as 4.up
to
date 5.make
a
difference
(教材P46)
The_more
you
know
about
Internet
research，the_faster
you
will
find
what
you
are
looking
for,
and
the_better
informed
you
will
be.你对网络了解得越多，你就会越快地找到你要找的东西，并且你就会更加见多识广。
【要点提炼】 句中使用的是“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构，意为“越……就越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
(1)“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级……”相当于条件状语从句，第二个“the＋比较级……”相当于主句。如果第二个“the＋比较级……”用一般将来时，则第一个“the＋比较级……”通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
(2)“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构中，表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。有时可采用省略形式。
①She
is
getting
more
and
more
patient
with
the
exams
and
of
course,
the
more
careful
she
is,
the
better
results
she
will
get.
她对考试变得越来越有耐心了，当然，她越细心，她的考试成绩就越好。
②The
more,
the
better(good)．
越多越好/多多益善。
(教材P47)Follow_these_tips,_and
your
time
spent
doing
research
on
the
Internet
will
be
much
more
worthwhile.
遵循这些建议，你花在因特网上搞研究的时间将会更值得。
【要点提炼】 本句属于“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型，and连接两个分句，两个分句间存在一种顺承关系，其中前一分句表示一种条件或假设，相当于if条件状语从句，后一分句表示一种结果或推论。
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型的变化形式：
(1)“祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句”，破折号起到and的作用，从正面预测结果。
(2)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”，名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。
(3)“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”，or表示“否则，要不然”，or可用or
else或otherwise替换。
①Another
step
forward
and
I'll
fire
my
gun.
再向前走一步的话，我就开枪了。
②Turn
the
heat
down,
or_(else)_/otherwise
it'll
burn.
把炉火开小一点，不然就烧焦了。
完成句子
1．你准备得越好，你就会越有信心。
____________
you
are,
____________
you
will
be.
2．你动身越早，到那里就越早。
The
sooner
you
start,
________________.
3．你再缺一次课就会不及格。
____________and
you'll
fail.
4．努力学习，要不你就会落在别人后面。
Wark
hard____________.
【答案】 1.The
better
prepared;
the
more
confident
2．the
earlier
you
will
get
there 3.Miss
another
class
4.or
you'll
fall
behind
others
如何写调查报告
调查报告的一般写法：
先交代所调查问题的基本情况，点明调查的结论。
然后写报告的内容，要写清事物的发生、发展过程及产生的影响、后果，可以按时间顺序写，也可以按问题性质从不同侧面来写。
经过对事实进行分析，最后得出结论性意见。
写调查报告时，要记住两件主要的事情：
一是要依据事实和数据，而非人们的看法；二是要支持所掌握的事实。首先，当举出一个事实的时候，一定要说明我们是在何处找到的，或者是谁说的，如“演讲者说……”或“根据我们展示的图表……”。如果表达的是自己的看法，则必须说明这是自己的看法，而不是事实；其次，必须尽可能地写出我们所掌握的相关且真实的信息，这样读者就会了解所有的事实。如果我们写道：“60%的人更喜欢踢足球”，那么就要写出我们是如何知道这一点的，还要写出我们相信这个事实的理由，如“这是对100人的调查结果”和“他们说他们更喜欢足球，是因为他们能得到更好的锻炼”等。
[亮点句式]
1．Recently,
we
made/did/
carried
out
a
survey
on...
2．The
number
of
people
who
are
opposed
to
this
idea
is...
3．From
the
graph/
table/diagram/chart
above,
we
can
see
obviously
that...
4．As
can
be
seen
from
the
graph/table/diagram/chart，...
5．There
are
two
reasons
that
account
for...
6．A
number
of
factors
could
account
for...
7．From
the
changes
in
the
charts,
we
can
predict
that...
8．I
suggest
that
some
possible
solutions
to...
[写作任务]
美国男孩Tony跟随父亲来到中国，现在在中国一所高中就读。他想知道班上的中国同学课外活动是如何安排的，于是他进行了一番调查。假设你是Tony，请你根据下面的调查情况写一篇调查报告。
Activities
Percentage
Literature
and
arts
5%
Reading
reference
books
52%
Surfing
the
Internet
41%
Other
things
2%
[审题谋篇]
体裁
调查报告
话题
课外活动的安排情况
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.词汇
1．________
调查
2．________
上网
3．________
参考
4．________
参加
5．________
例如
6．________
文学艺术
【答案】 1.investigation 2.surf
the
Internet
3．reference 4.take
part
in 5.such
as
6．literature
and
arts
Ⅱ.句式
1．The
investigation
indicates
that
only
about
5%
of
the
students
like
literature
and
arts
and
41%
of
the
students
like
surfing
the
Internet.They
want
to
find
information
and
relax.(用原因状语从句合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
2．It
will
be
good
for
their
health.
It
will
also
increase
their
knowledge.(用not
only...but
also...合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.The
investigation
indicates
that
only
about
5%
of
the
students
like
literature
and
arts
and
41%
of
the
students
like
surfing
the
Internet
because
they
want
to
find
information
and
relax.
2．It
will
not
only
be
good
for
their
health,
but
also
increase
their
knowledge.
[妙笔成篇]
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Recently
I
have
just
done
an
investigation
into
my
Chinese
classmates'
after class
activities.
The
investigation
indicates
that
only
about
5%
of
the
students
like
literature
and
arts
and
41%
of
the
students
like
surfing
the
Internet
because
they
want
to
find
information
and
relax.52%
of
the
students
spend
their
free
time
reading
reference
books
on
different
subjects
because
they
think
those
books
can
help
them
get
good
grades.2%
of
the
students
are
interested
in
other
activities.
I
think
students
should
take
part
in
all
kinds
of
activities
such
as
reading
something
about
literature
and
arts.It
will
not
only
be
good
for
their
health,
but
also
increase
their
knowledge.The
Internet
is
of
great
help
sometimes,
but
they
shouldn't
be
addicted
to
it.Section
Ⅲ Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
adj.
合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的
2．________
n.
结果，后果
3．________
vi.&vt.
鼓掌；称赞，赞许
【答案】 1.reasonable 2.outcome 3.applaud
看单词 学构词
后缀 able(ible)可构成形容词，表示“能……的；可以……的”。如：knowable可知的，changeable可变的，dependable可靠的，movable可移动的。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．wear
somebody________
使筋疲力尽；使厌烦
2．take
part
________
参加
3．play
an
important
role
________在……中起重要作用
4．________
the
other
hand
在另一方面
5．be
cautious
________
对……小心谨慎
6．be
aware
________
意识到
【答案】 1.out 2.in 3.in 4.on 5.about 6.of
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．________，
the
patient
will
have
to
go
to
the
X ray
room
to
________________.
如果有必要的话，患者将不得不到X光室去给他或她的身体部位拍摄X光片。
2．________
at
the
hospital
reception,
we
saw
there
were
a
lot
of
people
there.
一到达医院的挂号处，我们就看到那儿有许多人。
3．After
we
got
home,
granny
took
the
medicine
just
________
the
doctor
had
instructed.
我们回家后，奶奶就按医生的嘱咐吃了药。
4．They
say
that
most
drugs
have
side
effects,
and
that
________
diseases
can
be
cured
by
medicine.
他们说大多数的药都有副作用，而且并不是所有的疾病都可以通过用药得以治愈。
5．____________，
on
the
other
hand,
is
always
safe.
另一方面，进行锻炼总是安全的。
【答案】 1.If
necessary；have
pictures
of
his
or
her
body
parts
taken 2.On
arriving 3.as 4.not
all 5.Taking
exercise
wear
somebody
out 使筋疲力尽；使厌烦
(教材P25)Today
I
feel
worn
out.
今天我感到很疲惫。
wear(sth.)out
穿破；用坏
worn
out
(指人)疲惫不堪的，(指物)破烂不堪的
wear
away
(因重复使用)磨光，磨平
wear
well
耐穿，耐磨，耐用
①The
overall
wears
well.
这件工作服耐穿。
②He
wore
out
two
pairs
of
shoes
this
summer.
今年夏天他穿坏了两双鞋。
③Most
of
the
grass
had
already
been
worn
away
by
the
spectators.
大部分草已被观众踏平了。
[名师点津]
当wear及wear
out
用来描述衣服或鞋子的固有性质或特征时，一般用主动形式表示被动含义。
[图形助记]
reasonable
adj.合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的
(教材P25)He
made
some
quite
reasonable
points
and
gave
a
superb
speech.
他做了一些非常合理的解释并做了极好的演讲。
(1)a
reasonable
explanation/excuse 合理的解释/
借口
It
is
reasonable
to
do
sth.
有理由做某事
(2)reasonably
adv.
合理地；明智地；尚可
(3)reason
n.
原因，理由
v.
判断；推断
①It
seems
reasonable
to
assume
they've
been
tested.
似乎有理由认为它们都已经通过测试。
②Developing
the
ability
to
evaluate
reasonably(reason)
and
independently
about
health
problems
will
serve
you
well
throughout
your
life.
培养合理、独立的健康问题的评价能力将有助于你的整个生活。
③It
is
reasonable(reason)
to
assume
that
he
knew
beforehand
that
this
would
happen.
有理由认为他事先就知道会发生这样的事。
applaud
vi.&vt.鼓掌；称赞，赞许
(教材P25)People
stayed
silent
and
listened
to
us,
and
applauded
at
the
end.
人们静静地听我们(辩论)并在最后鼓掌。
(1)applaud
sb./sth.for
sth.
因……而称赞/赞赏某人/某事
(2)applause
n.
鼓掌；喝彩；称赞
a
round
of
applause
一阵掌声
①I
applauded
her
for
having
the
courage
to
refuse.
我赞赏她敢于拒绝。
②The
band
got
a
big
round
of
applause(applaud)
at
the
end
of
the
concert.
音乐会结束时，乐队赢得了一阵热烈的掌声。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．The
________that
he
gave
us
was
________.(reason)
2．Although
there
are
various
________
for
this
condition，it
is
usually
________with
drugs
and
a
strict
diet.(treat)
3．He
needs
to
have
an
________.The
doctors
will
________on
him
in
the
________theatre.(operate)
4．He
________that
America
send
a
congress
delegation
to
Iraq
for
arms
inspection，but
America
has
been
against
the
________.(suggest)
5．We
________her
decision
and
gave
her
a
big
round
of
________.(applaud)
【答案】 1.reason；reasonable 2.treatments；treated 3.operation；operate；operating
4．suggested；suggestion 5.applauded；applause
Ⅱ.选词填空
take
part
in；worn
out；be
aware
of；be
cautious
about；benefit
from；play
an
important
role
in；stay
silent
1．When
you
____________
any
performance,
you
get
out
as
much
as
you
put
in.
2．Everyone
should
____________
his
rights
and
responsibilities.
3．I
felt
____________
after
a
long
day's
work.
4．He
____________
committing
himself
to
anything.
5．The
media
____________
influencing
people's
opinions.
【答案】 1.take
part
in 2.be
aware
of 3.worn
out
4．was
cautious
about 5.play
an
important
role
in
(教材P23)On_arriving
at
the
hospital
reception，we
saw
there
were
a
lot
of
people
there.一到达医院的挂号处，我们就看到那儿有许多人。
【要点提炼】 on/upon＋n./doing
sth.表示“一……就……”，相当于as
soon
as引导的时间状语从句。
表示“一……就……”的结构还有：
the
moment/the
minute引导的从句
immediately/directly引导的从句
hardly...when....
no
sooner...than...
①She
heard
a
scream
immediately
she
went
upstairs.
她刚一上楼就听到一声尖叫。
②The
moment
the
bell
rang，the
boys
rushed
into
the
playground.
铃一响，男孩子们就冲进了操场。
③We
had
hardly
come
out
of
the
railway
station
when
we
saw
him
waiting
for
us
in
his
car.
我们一走出火车站就看到他在车上等我们。
完成句子
1．________________the
good
news，all
of
the
class
jumped
with
joy.
听到这个好消息，全班同学都欣喜若狂。
2．________________from
Beijing，he
began
his
research
work.
他一从北京回来，就立即开始了他的研究工作。
【答案】 1.On
hearing 2.On/Upon
his
return
系动词
阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法
1．Both
of
these
medicines
have
proved
beneficial
to
mankind
since
they
were
invented.
2．Within
a
short
time，aspirin
became
the
best selling
medicine
in
the
world
for
pain
relief.
3．He
noted
that
a
dish
in
which
he
was
trying
to
grow
bacteria
for
an
experiment
looked
abnormal.
4．Another
drug
that
has
helped
increase
the
standard
of
people's
health
is
penicillin.
5．Many
people
has
fallen
ill
because
of
the
cold
weather.
6．It
turned
out
that
my
judgement
was
right.
7．It
seems
as
if
he
has
lost
interest
in
his
new
job
again.
8．Please
keep
silent
at
the
meeting
unless
you're
allowed
to
talk.
连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，它后面必须带有表语(如名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、过去分词或从句等)形成“系表结构”。
一、连系动词的种类
1．“状态持续”类系动词
这类系动词表示主语某种状态的持续。常见的有：remain(依然)，keep
(保持)，stay(保持)，lie(处于……状态)等。
She
remained
silent
all
night,
which
made
us
all
worried
about
her.
她整个晚上沉默不语，这让我们都为她担心。
I
hope
you
can
keep
fit
forever.
我希望你身体永远健康。
2．“主观判断”类系动词
这类系动词包括seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎，显得)，prove(证明是)，turn
out(结果是，证明是)。
In
the
eyes
of
our
grandparents,
his
painting
seemed
absurd.
在我们的祖父母看来，他的画似乎是荒唐可笑的。
She
appears
to
have
a
lot
of
friends.
她似乎有很多朋友。
[名师点津]
①seem和appear后可以接to
do，to
be
doing以及to
have
done的形式，也可用于It
seems/
appears
that
＋主语＋其他。
②seem后可以接as
if/as
though引导的表语从句。
3．“感觉”类系动词
这类系动词是与五种感觉相关的动词。常见的有：look(看起来)，feel(摸上去)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)等。
The
food
looks
very
delicious.
这食物看起来很好吃。
This
kind
of
cloth
feels
very
soft.
这种布料手感很软。
4．“状态变化”类系动词
这类系动词表示主语从一种状态进入另一种状态。常见的有：become，turn，grow，go，come，fall，get等。
She
became
a
teacher.＝
She
turned
a
teacher.
她成了一名教师。
He
grew
rich
within
a
short
time.
他没多长时间就富了。
二、使用连系动词应注意的几点
1．连系动词后接形容词作表语时，表明事物或人的状态，无被动语态。除表示人的身体目前状态外，均不用进行时态，常用一般现在时或一般过去时的主动语态形式。
The
surface
of
the
table
feels
smooth.
这桌子表面摸起来很光滑。
He's
not
feeling
well
this
morning.
今天早上他感觉不太舒服。
2．有些连系动词后接形容词作表语时，还可以表示事物或人的变化过程，可用于进行时态。
The
days
are
getting
colder
and
colder.
天变得越来越冷了。
Since
she
eats
a
lot
every
day,
she
is
becoming
fatter
and
fatter.
她每天都吃很多，所以她变得越来越胖了。
3．某些连系动词与形容词之间有固定的搭配。
get
ill/angry，come
true，go
mad/hungry/wrong/blind，make
certain/sure/ready，stand
still，appear
calm，look
well/young/tired，prove
correct，fall
asleep，turn
yellow/green/red，get
excited/married/wet等。
4．有些连系动词如seem，appear，prove可以和to
be连用，to
be常被省略。
She
appeared(to
be)happy
at
the
news.
听到这个消息她好像很高兴。
The
rumour
proved
(to
be)
false.
这个传闻原来是假的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My
parents
have
always
made
me________(feel)
good
about
myself，even
when
I
was
twelve.
2．Ladies
and
gentlemen，please
remain
________(seat)
until
the
plane
has
come
to
a
complete
stop.
3．Hardly
had
she
heard
the
news
________
she
began
to
cry.
4．However，people
should
be
________
(caution)of
the
excessive
reliance
on
cell
phones.
5．People
should
be
aware
________
the
modern
modes
of
communication
cannot
take
the
place
of
traditional
ones.
【答案】 1.feel 2.seated 3.when 4.cautious
5．that
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
mixture
is
tasted
terrible.
_____________________________________________________________
2．His
advice
proved
correctly.
_____________________________________________________________
3．On
the
long
journey，Peter
was
proved
to
be
a
most
interesting
guide.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Suddenly
the
arrows
were
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky—they
were
looked
like
rain!
_____________________________________________________________
5．We
are
growing
wonderfully
tomatoes
at
no
cost!
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.is
tasted→tastes 2.correctly→correct
3．去掉was 4.删除第二个were或删除looked
5．wonderfully→wonderfulSection
Ⅳ Task
&
Project
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
adj.
钝的，不锋利的；迟钝的；枯燥的；灰暗的，昏暗的
2．________
adj.
不生锈的
3．_________adj.
锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的
4．________
adj.
复杂的，难懂的n.
建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结
5．________
n.
脉，脉搏；脉冲
6．________
n.
心跳
7．________
vt.&vi.
联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述
8．________
n.
手腕，腕关节
9．________
adj.
上瘾；入迷
10．________
n.
理论，学说
11．________
n.
排列，布置；安排；约定，协议
【答案】 1.dull 2.stainless 3.sharp 4.complex
5．pulse 6.heartbeat 7.relate 8.wrist
9．addicted 10.theory 11.arrangement
看单词 学构词
less为否定后缀，如homeless无家的，helpless无助的，hopeless无希望的。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．________
measures
采取措施
2．look
out
________
留心；当心；寻觅
3．let
________
放出，发出
4．swell
________
肿胀，膨胀
5．be
addicted
________
对……上瘾
6．relate...________...
把……与……相联系
7．subscribe
________
同意，赞成
8．fade
________
慢慢消失
【答案】 1.take 2.for 3.out 4.up 5.to 6.to 7.to 8.away
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．Will
you
need
to
change
the
information
or
will
you
use
it
________？
你是需要改变信息还是按原样使用？
2．We
have
adjusted
all
the
lights
in
the
classrooms
________
each
room
is
well
lit.
我们调整了教室里所有的灯，每个教室的光线都很好。
3．However,
according
to
traditional
Chinese
medicine,
there
are
twelve
different
pulses,
______________，and
every
one
of
them
is
connected
with
a
major
body
organ
or
its
function.
然而，按照传统中医理论，人体有12条不同的脉搏，每个手腕上分布6条，每条脉搏都和身体的一个主要器官或器官功能有联系。
4．____________
acupuncture
began
during
the
Stone
Age，when
stone
tools
called
bian(砭)
were
used
to
press
areas
of
the
body.
有证据表明，针刺疗法始于石器时代，那是一种叫“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。
5．________________________
is
not
clear.
针刺疗法是如何减轻病痛的尚不清楚。
【答案】 1.as
it
is 2.so
that 3.six
on
each
wrist 4.There
is
evidence
that 5.How
acupuncture
reduces
pain
阅读P30～P31课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．When
did
the
acupuncture
begin
A．During
the
Tang
Dynasty.
B．1,000
years
ago.
C．During
the
Stone
Age.
D．In
modern
times.
2．How
many
kinds
of
needles
were
there
before
A．Twelve.
B．Nine.
C．Six.
D．Fourteen.
3．How
many
points
were
there
when
acupuncture
was
first
practised
A．360.
B．365.
C．2,200.
D．2,000.
4．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
A．In
the
6th
century,
acupuncture
spread
to
the
West.
B．Some
people
use
acupuncture
to
treat
alcoholics.
C．Many
people
now
support
the
acupuncture
theories.
D．By
checking
all
the
pulses,
the
acupuncturist
can
find
body
problems.
5．What
problems
can
be
treated
by
acupuncture
A．Headaches.
B．Stomach
problems.
C．Blood
pressure
problems.
D．All
of
the
above.
【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D
阅读P30－P31课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
The
art
of“magic
needles”is
one
of
1.________(famous)
Chinese
medical
2.________(treat)，3.________
was
developed
as
early
as
2000
BC.Different
kinds
of
needles
were
used，4.________(include)a
needle
with
a
head
like
an
arrow.Needles
can
be
made
5.________different
metals.Nowadays
the
6.________(major)
of
acupuncturists
use
steel
ones.It
is
believed
that
a
disease
can
7.________(cure)
when
needles
are
put
into
the
skin
at
certain
points
on
the
body.The
number
of
acupuncture
points
was
the
same
8.________that
of
the
days
in
a
year.We
still
can't
know
how
acupuncture
reduces
pain.While
doubts
about
its
9.________(safe)have
faded
away，interest
continues
10.________(grow)．
【答案】 1.the
most
famous 2.treatments
3．which 4.including 5.of 6.majority
7.be
cured 8.as 9.safety 10.to
grow
arrangement
n．排列，布置；安排；约定，协议
(教材P27)adjusting
lighting
arrangements
调整照明设施
(1)make
an
arrangement
with
sb.
与某人约好/达成协议
make
arrangements
for
为……做准备
come
to
an
arrangement
达成协议
(2)arrange
vt.&
vi.
安排；筹备；整理
arrange(for
sb.)to
do
sth.
安排(某人)做某事
arrange
sth.for
sb.
为某人安排某事
①I
have
arranged
for
him
to
meet
her.
我已安排他跟她见面。
②We
finally
came
to
an
arrangement
over
the
price.
我们最终就价格问题达成协议。
③I've
arranged
for
a
window
cleaner
to_come
(come)on
Thursday.
我已经安排好一个窗户清洁工星期四来。
[名师点津]
表示“安排某人做某事”时，要用arrange
for
sb.to
do
sth.，而不用arrange
sb.to
do
sth.。
[图形助记]
巧记arrangement
let
out
放出，发出；放大(衣服)；泄露
(教材P30)．..and
a
needle
like
a
small
sword,
used
for
letting
liquid
out
of
body
parts
which
had
swollen
up...
……形似小剑的针，用于将液体从身体的肿胀部位导出……
let
alone
不打扰；更不用说
let
down
把……放下来；使……失望
let
...in/out
让……进来/出去
let
go
放开，释放
①We
didn't
know
at
that
time
that
there
even
was
an
environment,
let
alone
that
there
was
a
problem
with
it.
我们那时候都不知道甚至存在环境，更别说它所存在的问题了。
②Please
come
and
support
me.Don't
let
me
down.
请来支持我，不要让我失望。
sharp
adj.锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的
(教材P30)The
main
needle
now
used
for
acupuncture
is
fine
and
sharp.
如今，用于针灸的主针很细很锋利。
(1)sharp
rise/
drop/
decline
急剧上升/下降
be
sharp
with
sb.
对某人很严厉/尖刻
have
a
sharp
nose
嗅觉灵敏
(2)sharpen
vt.
使锋利；削尖
(3)sharply
adv.
急剧地；严厉地；迅速地
①The
boss
can
be
very
sharp
with
people
when
she's
busy.
老板忙的时候说话会很刻薄。
②We're
meeting
at
10
o'clock
sharp.
我们将在10点整会面。
③Prices
have
been
raised
sharply(sharp)
in
the
past
few
years.
在过去的几年里，价格在迅速地提高。
addicted
adj.上瘾；入迷
(教材P31)Some
people
have
also
used
acupuncture
to
treat
smokers,
alcoholics
and
people
who
are
addicted
to
drugs.
有些人也用针刺疗法来治疗吸烟者、酗酒者以及吸毒者。
(1)be/become
addicted
to
沉迷于……；迷上……
(2)addict
n.
有瘾的人
(3)addiction
n.
上瘾；入迷
(4)addictive
adj.
使人上瘾的
①She
is
a
TV
addict
and
watches
as
much
as
she
can.
她是一个电视迷，看尽可能多的电视。
②It
started
as
a
hobby,
but
it
got
so
addictive(addict)
that
I
had
to
keep
on
doing
it.
开始时只是爱好，但它让人如此着迷，我只得继续下去。
③His
addiction
(addict)
to
drugs
caused
his
family
much
grief.
他吸毒成瘾，使得他的家人非常伤心。
relate
vt.&
vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述
(教材P31)Another
theory
relates
acupuncture
to
the
production
of
chemicals
in
the
body
which
reduce
pain.
另外一种理论则将针刺疗法和人体内减痛化学物质的产生联系起来。
(1)relate
A
to
B
把A与B联系起来
relate
to
sth./sb.
与……有关，涉及……
(2)relation
n.
关系；亲戚
in
relation
to
关于；与……相比较
(3)related
adj.
相关的；有亲戚的
be
related
to
与……有关
①We
should
learn
to
relate
the
results
to
the
causes.
我们应该学会把结果与原因联系起来。
②I
have
some
comments
to
make
in
relation
to
this
matter.
关于这件事我有几点看法。
③The
program
guidelines
and
other
related
(relate)information
are
available
at：http：//cambridgesciencefestival.org.
节目指南和其他相关信息可在http：//cambridgesciencefestival.org网站上找到。
subscribe
to
同意，赞成；订阅
(教材P31)A
lot
of
people
now
subscribe
to
these
theories.
现在很多人认同这些理论。
(1)subscribe...to...
在……上签……；向……捐……钱
subscribe
for
认购(股票)
(2)subscribe
vi.
定期订购或订阅
(3)subscriber
n.
订阅人，订购者；定期捐款者
(4)subscription
n.
订阅，订购；订阅费；捐助款
①Few
people
subscribe
to
the
proposal
put
forward
by
animal right
advocates.
很少人赞成动物权益倡导者提出的建议。
②How
much
did
you
subscribe
to
the
Hope
Project
你为希望工程捐助了多少钱？
③I've
decided
not
to
renew
my
subscription(subscribe)．
我决定不再续订了。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.
There
are
no
________
on
the
________
knife.(stain)
2．Li
Ming
is
a
game
________，and
his
parents
have
been
trying
to
prevent
him
from
being
________
to
computer
games
which
are
very
________.(addict)
3．The
road
twists
________
after
the
light；turn
________
left
here.(sharp)
4．We've
applied
________
to
some
magazines
useful
to
our
work，and
the
department
manager
________
to
it.(subscribe)
5．The
assistant
________for
interviewees
to
fill
in
an
application
form
and
________.(arrange)
【答案】 1.stains；stainless 2.addict；addicted；addictive 3.sharply；sharp 4.to
subscribe；subscribed 5.arranged；arrangement
Ⅱ.选词填空
let...out；subscibe
to；fade
away；replace...with；point
out；remind...of；look
out
for；adjust
to
1．The
chairman
________the
idea
that
a
meeting
should
be
held
at
once.
2．He
________the
dangers
of
driving
alone.
3．Someone
has
________the
news________.
4．The
sound
of
the
car
________
in
the
distance.
5．It
is
not
a
good
idea
to
miss
meals
and________
them
________snacks.
【答案】 1.subscribed
to 2.pointed
out 3.let；out 4.faded
away
5.replace；with
(教材P31)One
theory
explaining
this
phenomenon
suggests_that
acupuncture
blocks
pain
signals
from
reaching
the
brain.
一种解释这一现象的理论认为，针刺疗法使疼痛信号无法到达大脑。
【要点提炼】 句中explaining
this
phenomenon为theory
的后置定语，此处suggest表示“显示，表明”，其后that宾语从句使用陈述语气。
(1)当suggest表示“显示，表明，暗示”时，其后的that宾语从句使用陈述语气。
(2)当suggest表示“建议”时，后可接名词、代词、动名词或从句。注意，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“(should＋)
动词原形”的形式。
①I
suggested
going
in
my
car.
我提议坐我的车去。
②Her
mother
suggested
that
she
(should)_go_(go)
and
see
the
doctor.
她妈妈建议她去看医生。
[名师点津]
句型“It
is
suggested
that...”以及与suggestion(建议)相关的名词性从句通常用虚拟语气，即谓语用“(should＋)
动词原形”的形式。
完成句子
1．他建议我们应当休息。
He
suggested
that
we
(should)
________
a
rest.
2．她苍白的脸色表明她病了，她的父母建议她去检查一下。
Her
pale
face
suggested
that
________________，
and
her
parents
suggested
that
________________
a
medical
examination.
【答案】 1.have 2.she
was
ill；she
(should)
have
如何写广播稿
写广播稿时通常要注意以下几点：
一、通俗口语化
广播稿是要用耳朵听的，因此语言要明白易懂，这就要求写“话”而不是写“文”。
1．多用短句，少用或不用长句。
2．少用方言，尽量不用群众不熟悉的简化词或简称。
3．少用单音词、书面词汇。
4．不宜用小括号、破折号、省略号，那些表示否定含义的引号也尽量不用，改用“所谓的”。
二、结构简洁明了
广播稿由于受到时间的限制，更要注意简洁明了。
1．突出句子的主干，不滥用不必要的附加成分。
2．用准确的词贴切地表达要说的意思，不说空话、套话。
3．不用倒装句，不用倒叙和插叙。广播稿的叙事，一般是按事情的发展顺序，因为这样符合人们的听力习惯。
三、生动活泼
1．采用多种写作方法，避免单调乏昩。
2．句式富于变化，运用设问、排比等句式，使文章有文采；适当选择主动句、被动句、肯定句、否定句等句式使文章有感染力。
3．具体的事例比抽象的议论更能吸引听众的注意力。
四、主题单一集中
开头要吸引听众，主体要设计悬念，结尾要不落俗套。
[亮点句式]
1．May
I
have
your
attention，please/Attention
please.
2．I
have
an
announcement
to
make.
3．Be
quiet，please.
4．There
is
something
important
I
have
to
tell
you.
5．I'm
glad
to
have
the
honour
to
tell
you
some
activities
you're
going
to
have
today.
6．Please
get
there
on
time.
7．Please
attend
it
on
time.
8．Everyone
is
demanded
to
be
present
on
time.
9．Everyone
is
required
to
attend
it
on
time.
10．Do
come
on
time.
[写作任务]
假如你是李华，正在校广播站播报你最近就如何保护学生视力预防近视而做的一项调查的结果。
内容如下：
1．近视眼是当今中学生普遍存在的一个问题；
2．我们就这个问题采访了医生；
3．医生建议每年要做眼睛检查及注意看书环境；
4．我们还了解了第一和第九两所中学保护视力所采取的措施；
5．希望他们的措施对大家有帮助。
注意：词数100左右。
[审题谋篇]
体裁
广播稿
话题
保护视力、预防近视
时态
现在完成时
人称
第一人称
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.词汇
1．________
调查，研究
2．________
近视
3．________
采访
4．________
识别；鉴定
5．________
除了……之外
6．________
眼保健操
【答案】 1.investigate 2.short sightedness
3．interview 4.identify 5.apart
from
6．eye
exercises
Ⅱ.句式
1．We've
investigated
the
problem
of
short sightedness.It
is
very
common
among
Chinese
teenagers
today.(用定语从句合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
2．We've
also
learned
of
the
measures.They
have
been
taken
in
No.1
and
No.9
secondary
schools.(用定语从句合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.We've
investigated
the
problem
of
short sightedness，which
is
very
common
among
Chinese
teenagers
today.
2．We've
also
learned
of
the
measures
that
have
been
taken
in
No.1
and
No.9
secondary
schools.
[妙笔成篇]
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Good
morning，everyone.This
is
Li
Hua
at
the
school
radio
station.We
are
investigating
the
problem
of
short sightedness，which
is
very
common
among
Chinese
teenagers
today.We
have
interviewed
a
doctor
in
our
city
about
what
parents
and
students
can
do
to
protect
students'
eyesight.The
doctor
strongly
suggested
that
every
year
students'
eyes
should
be
tested
to
identify
any
problem，and
they
should
not
read
in
bed
with
poor
lighting
as
well.Apart
from
this，we've
also
learned
of
the
measures
that
have
been
taken
in
No.1
and
No.9
secondary
schools.They
both
have
taken
steps
to
protect
students'
eyesight
such
as
asking
students
to
look
out
of
the
window
at
regular
intervals，changing
types
of
paper
and
advising
them
to
do
eye
exercises
both
at
school
and
at
home.
I
hope
our
investigation
might
draw
your
attention
to
the
problem
and
be
helpful
for
you.Thank
you
for
listening.单元尾
核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．________n．准确性；精确度→________adj.精确的，准确的→________adv.准确地，精确地
2．________vt.使担心，使害怕，使警觉n.警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟→________adj.令人害怕的→________adj.害怕的
3．________n．能力，胜任；技能，本领→________adj.有能力的；能胜任的；能干的
4．________n．约会，预约；任命，委任→________vt.任命；委任；安排
5．________n．假定，假设→________vt.假定，设想；认为
6．________n．资格，资历→________vt.&
vi.取得资格；有资格，有权(要求某物)；使合格→________adj.有资格的；合格的，胜任的
7．________vt.承认，认可；感谢→________n．承认；致谢；感谢
8．________
n．发明者，发明家→________
vt.发明，创造→________
n．发明，创造
【答案】 1.accuracy；accurate；accurately 2.alarm；alarming；alarmed 3.competence；competent
4．appointment；appoint 5.assumption；assume
6．qualification；qualify；qualified 7.acknowledge；acknowledgement 8.inventor；invent；invention
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．turn
________
somebody/something向……求助
turn
________
翻到；转向；转为；查阅
turn
________
调小/低；拒绝
turn
________
翻转，翻过来
turn
________
开大；调高；出现；到达
2．________
sb.'s
command
受某人支配
________
sb.'s
command
在某人的指挥下，由某人指挥/控制
________
command
of
控制，指挥
have
(a)
good
command
________
精通
3．correspond
________
sb.
与……通信
correspond
________
sth.
与……相一致
4．drop
________
退学，辍学；退出，脱离
drop
out
________
退出……，脱离……
drop
________
后退
drop
________
落下
5．stand
________
(指缩写或符号)是……
意思，代表，象征；支持，主张
stand
________
反对
stand
________
站在旁边；旁观；支持
stand
________
显眼；突出
6．keep...________
mind
记住；牢记
make
________
one's
mind
下定决心；拿定主意
7．classify...________...
把……界定为……
classify...________...
把……分成……
classify...________...
按……把……分类
8．make
________
difference
有关系；有影响；有区别；起重要作用
make
________
difference
没有差别
【答案】 1.to；to；down；over；up 2.at；under；in；of
3．with；with/to 4.out；of；back；behind 5.for；against；by；out 6.in；up 7.as；into；by 8.a；no
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．____________(没有)
the
Internet,
these
people
__________(就会)
fewer
avenues
to
meet
people.
2．Another
truly
wonderful
aspect
of
the
Internet
is
____________(方式)
people
use
it
to
build
social
bonds.
3．I
feel
it
is
important
for
us
____________
to
limit
our
use
of
the
Internet,
____________(或者……)
to
learn
how
to
handle
the
problems
it
has
caused.
4．People
often
have
to
overcome
failures
__________(之前)
they
can
accomplish
something
great.
5．____________(遵循这些建议)
your
time
spent
doing
research
on
the
Internet
will
be
much
more
worthwhile.
【答案】 1.Without；would
have 2.the
way
3．either；or 4.before 5.Follow
these
tips,
and
Ⅳ.回顾话题
用本单元词汇或句式完成下列写作任务
当我们需要信息时，首先会求助于因特网。只要点击一下鼠标，我们就能按照命令找到大量信息。然后，我们对相关的信息加以分类以便使用。不过，我们有时难以判断所找到的信息是否准确。所以，我们还需花费时间做些改正。
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
When
we
are
in
need
of
information,
we
may
first
turn
to
the
Internet
for
help.Click
the
mouse,
and
we
can
get
abundant
information
at
our
command.Then
we
classify
the
relevant
information
so
as
to
use
later.However，sometimes
it
is
difficult
for
us
to
judge
whether
the
information
on
the
Internet
is
accurate
or
not.So
we
should
bother
to
make
some
corrections.Section
Ⅱ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Language
points
beneficial
adj.有益的，有用的
(教材P18)Both
of
these
medicines
have
saved
millions
of
people's
lives
and
have
proved
beneficial
to
mankind
since
they
were
invented.
自从发明这两种药物以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的生命并被证实对人类有益。
(1)be
beneficial
to
对……有益
(2)benefit
n.
利益，好处vi.
有利于，受益
be
of
benefit
to(＝be
beneficial
to)
对……有益
for
sb.'s
benefit(＝for
the
benefit
of
sb.)
为了某人的利益；为帮助某人
benefit
from/by
从……中得益
①Who
exactly
stands
to
benefit
from
these
changes
到底是谁会从这些变革中获益？
②The
new
regulations
will
be
of
benefit
to/be
beneficial
to
everyone
concerned.
新规章将使所有有关人员受益。
③Cycling
is
highly
beneficial(benefit)
to
health
and
environment.骑自行车对健康和环境都有益。
possess
vt.拥有，具有；支配，控制
(教材P18)Nearly
3,500
years
ago,
people
chewed
on
leaves
or
drank
a
kind
of
tea
made
from
leaves
possessing
a
special
chemical
to
reduce
body
pains
and
fever.
将近3500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。
possess
oneself
of
获得……，具有……
be
possessed
of
具有(某种品质，能力等)
possession
n.
[U]拥有；(常用复数)个人财产
have/get/gain/take
possession
of
占有；拥有
in
possession
of
占有
in
the
possession
of
sb.
为某人所有
①Third,
shop
wisely,
for
meaningful
experiences
provide
more
long term
happiness
than
physical
possessions.
第三，要明智购物，因为有意义的经历比物质财富提供更长久的快乐。
②—Does
the
young
man
standing
there
take
possession
(possess)
of
the
company
——是站在那边的年轻人拥有这家公司吗？
—No.The
company
is
in
the
possession
of
his
father.
——不，这家公司为他父亲所拥有。
vital
adj.对……极重要的，必不可少的；致命的
(教材P18)Not
only
has
aspirin
proved
vital
for
reducing
fever
and
helping
stop
pain,
but
there
are
also
other
things
that
aspirin
can
help
with.
阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。
be
vital
for/to...
对……极重要的/必不可少的
It
is
vital
to
do
sth.
做某事极其重要
It
is
vital
that...
……十分重要
①Consideration
for
other
people
is
vital
to
all
of
us.
对我们所有人而言能体谅别人是极其重要的。
②It
is
vital
that
you
keep
accurate
records.
做好准确的记录极为重要。
③It
is
vital
to_get
(get)
the
victim
to
the
hospital
at
once.
把受害者立刻送到医院是至关重要的。
[名师点津]
在句型“It
is
vital
that...”中从句谓语动词要用“(should＋)动词原形”的形式。
potential
n．可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的(只可作前置定语)
(教材P18)Lawrence
Craven,
a
doctor
from
the
USA,
introduced
the
idea
in
1953
that
aspirin
had
the
potential
to
reduce
the
risk
of
heart
attacks,
because
it
helped
the
blood
circulate
better.
美国医生劳伦斯·克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。
potential
for(doing)sth.
……的可能性/潜在性
have
the
potential
to
do
sth.
有潜力做某事
①He
has
the
potential
to
become
a
world class
musician.
他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。
②The
company
certainly
has
the
potential
for
growth(grow)．
那家公司肯定有发展潜力。
astonish
vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊
(教材P19)It
astonished
him
to
see
the
bacteria
surrounding
the
mould
dead,
which
meant
that
the
mould
had
killed
them.
令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。
(1)astonish
sb.
使某人惊讶
(2)astonished
adj.
惊讶的，惊愕的
astonishing
adj.
令人吃惊的
be
astonished
at/by
对……感到惊讶
(3)astonishment
n.
惊讶，吃惊
in/with
astonishment
惊奇地；惊愕地，惊讶地
to
one's
astonishment
使某人惊讶的是
①It
astonished
me
that
no
one
had
thought
of
it
before.
让我吃惊的是，以前没有人想到这件事。
②We
were
all
astonished
at
the
news
that
he
had
passed
his
driving
test.
听到他通过了驾照考试的消息，我们都感到十分惊讶。
③To
my
astonishment(astonish),
the
car
was
gone.
令我吃惊的是，汽车不见了。
try
out
测试，试验；参加选拔
(教材P19)Fleming
tried
this
mould
out
on
another
bacterium
and
found
that
it
killed
the
bacterium
too.
弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。
try
sth.out
on
...
在……上试验某物
try
out
for
参加……的选拔
try
on
试穿(衣物)
try
for
试图获得，力争赢得
try
to
do
sth.
尽力做某事
try
doing
sth.
试着做某事
①His
brother's
example
inspired
him
to
try
out
for
the
football
team.
他哥哥的榜样激励他去参加足球队的选拔。
②The
boy
can't
wait
to
try
on
his
new
running
shoes
this
weekend.
这周，这个小男孩迫不及待地试穿他的新跑鞋。
③Try
doing(do)
the
things
you
used
to
enjoy,
such
as
reading
or
taking
a
walk
in
the
park.
尝试去做一些你过去很享受的事，比如阅读或者到公园去散步。
application
n．应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷
(教材P19)He
immediately
realized
that
the
mould
might
have
an
application
in
treating
illnesses
caused
by
bacteria.
他立刻意识到，这种霉菌或许可应用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。
(1)an
application
to
sb.for
sth.
为某事向某人申请
(2)apply
vi.
申请，请求；适用vt.
使用
apply
to
适用于
apply
(to...)for...
(向……)申请……
apply
oneself
to
致力于，专心于
apply...to...
把……运用于……
(3)applicant
n.
申请人
①He
made
an
application
to
the
manager
for
this
post.
他向经理申请这个职位。
②These
principles
apply
to
learning
foreign
languages.
这些规则适用于学外语。
③As
the
wages
were
low，there
were
few
applicants(apply)
for
the
job.
因为工资低，所以申请这份工作的人几乎没有。
effective
adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的
(教材P19)Second,
it
was
difficult
to
produce
penicillin
in
the
ample
quantities
needed
to
be
effective.
第二，生产出足量的青霉素以使它发挥药效并非易事。
(1)effect
n．
作用，效果
have
an
effect
on
对……有影响
come
into
effect
生效；开始实行
put...into
effect
使……生效
in
effect
实际上
(2)affect
v.
影响
①The
new
law
will
come
into
effect
at
the
start
of
September.
新的法令将在九月初开始生效。
②In
effect,
despite
being
made
aware
of
what
to
do,
they
were
still
too
shy
to
do
what
the
experienced
baboon
did.
实际上，尽管知道要做什么，他们还是太害羞以至于不会去做有经验的狒狒做的事。
③The
plan
for
protecting
the
endangered
animals
will
soon
be
put
into
effect.
保护濒临灭绝的动物的计划将很快生效。
in
large
quantities
大量地
(教材P19)In
1940,
two
other
scientists，Howard
Florey(Australian)and
Ernst
Chain(German born
English)，helped
solve
these
problems,
and
managed
to
make
and
test
the
new
drug
in
large
quantities.
在1940年，另外两位科学家，霍华德·弗洛里(澳大利亚人)和恩斯特·钱恩(德裔英国人)，帮助解决了这一问题，并尝试大量测试和使用这种新药。
(1)a
(large)
quantity
of
大量的；许多的
quantities
of
大量的；许多的
in
quantity
大量，许多
(2)quality
n.
质量
①A
large
quantity
of
beer
has
been
sold
in
the
past
week.
在过去的一个星期啤酒销售量很大。
②It's
a
lot
cheaper
if
you
buy
it
in
quantity.
大批量购买要便宜得多。
③Large
quantities
of
furniture
of
the
latest
styles
are
(be)on
sale.
大批最新款式的家具上市了。
[名师点津]
a
quantity
of/quantities
of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词的数应该与quantity的数保持一致。
approval
n．批准，通过；赞成，同意
(教材P19)Since
the
new
drug
was
needed
for
World
War
Ⅱ，
the
government
approval
process
for
penicillin
was
accelerated,
and
mass
production
began
in
1944.
因为二战期间需要这种新药，所以政府审批青霉素的程序加快，并于1944年开始批量生产。
(1)give
one's
approval
to
批准……
meet
with
one's
approval
得到某人的同意
(2)approve
vi.
赞成，赞同
vt.
批准，认可
disapprove
vi.
不赞成，不同意
approve/disapprove
of(sb.doing)sth.
赞成/不赞成(某人做)某事
①The
president
has
already
given
his
approval
to
the
plan.
总统已经批准了这个计划。
②Most
of
his
advice
failed
to
meet
with
his
father's
approval.
他的大部分建议都没有得到他父亲的认可。
③He
doesn't
approve
of
me
leaving
(leave)school
this
year.
他不同意我今年离校。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．The
____________
told
us
we
mustn't
touch
these
____________
materials
in
the
____________
lab.(chemist)
2．These
____________
measures
have
an
expected
____________
on
the
economy.(effect)
3．The
____________
news
that
he
decided
to
resign
made
us
____________
.To
our
____________
,
the
manager
should
agree.(astonish)
4．A
good
diet
is
____________
to
health,
so
it
____________
you
a
lot.(benefit)
5．It
took
the
____________
half
an
hour
to
fill
in
his
____________
form.(apply)
【答案】 1.chemist；chemical；chemistry
2．effective；effect 3.astonishing；astonished；astonishment 4.beneficial；benefits
5．applicant；application
Ⅱ.选词填空
open
up；pick
out；try
out；carry
out；be
related
to；by
accident；focus
on
1．The
doorman
________
the
school
gate
at
six
every
morning.
2．At
present，the
hospital
________
tests
to
find
out
what's
wrong
with
the
patient.
3．The
idea
seems
good
but
it
needs
to
be
________.
4．I
have
________
the
bad
apples
from
the
basket.
5．With
his
attention
________his
experiment，he
didn't
notice
my
arrival.
【答案】 1.opens
up 2.
is
carrying
out 3.tried
out 4.picked
out
5.focused
on
(教材P17)Have
you
ever
seen
a
doctor
If_so,_what
happened
你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
【要点提炼】 句中If
so是一个省略句，其完整形式是“If
you
have
ever
seen
a
doctor”。if
so
“如果这样”，so代替表示肯定意义的句子。if
not“如果不是这样”，not代替表示否定意义的句子。
if
not
如果不/没有的话
if
any
如果有的话
if
ever
如果曾经有的话
if
possible
如果可能的话
if
necessary
如果必要的话
①I
think
there
is
a
train
around
3
o'clock.If
not,
you'll
have
to
wait
till
5：30.
我想3点左右有一班火车。要是没有的话，你只好等到5∶30了。
②There
are
few
people
nowadays,
if
any,
who
remember
him.
当今记得他的人，如果有的话，也不多了。
③If
possible(possibility)，vegetables
and
fruits
should
be
peeled.
如果可能，应当将蔬菜和水果去皮。
(教材P19)If
penicillin
had_not_been
available,
many
people
would_have_died
from
sickness
or
even
small
wounds.
如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至很小的伤口。
【要点提炼】 本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句用had
done，主句用would/could/might＋have
done。
虚拟条件句中主、从句的谓语形式：
(1)与现在事实相反：从句谓语动词为过去式(be动词通常用were)，主句谓语为would/could/should/might
＋动词原形
(2)与过去事实相反：从句谓语为had
done，主句谓语为would/could/should/might
have
done
(3)与将来事实相反：从句谓语动词为过去式/should＋动词原形
/were
to
＋动词原形，主句谓语为would/could/should/might
＋动词原形
①If
I
knew
the
answer
to
all
your
questions,
I
would
be
a
genius.
我要是能回答你所有的问题，我就是天才了。
②If
she
were
to
be
here
next
Monday,
I
would
tell(tell)
her
about
the
matter.
如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就告诉她这件事。
[名师点津]
虚拟条件句的条件从句中若含有were，had，should，可以把if省去，并把were，had，should放在主语之前构成倒装结构。
完成句子
1．如果我再年轻10岁，我会从头开始。
If
I
____________
ten
years
younger,
I
__________________
all
over
again.
2．如果明天天气好，我们会去爬山。
______________
the
weather
be
good
tomorrow,
we
__________________
climbing.
3．如果你早听了我的建议，你考试就能通过了。
______________
my
advice,
you
______________
the
exams.
4．必要的话，我在家时你也可以与我联系。
________，you
can
contact
me
at
home.
【答案】 1.were；would
start 2.Should；would
go
3．If
you
had
taken/Had
you
taken；would
not
have
failed
in/would
have
passed
4.If
necessary
It
was
in
1897
that
a
European
chemist
called
Dr
Felix
Hoffmann
produced
aspirin
from
this
chemical.
【分析】 此句是强调句型，句中强调时间状语
in
1897。called
Dr
Felix
Hoffmann为过去分词短语作定语，修饰a
European
chemist。
【翻译】
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 正是在1897年，一位名叫菲利克斯·霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师从这种化学物质中提取了阿司匹林。Unit
3 The
world
online
有人认为网络是一把双刃剑。一方面，它给人们带来前所未有的便利和灵感，但另一方面，它也会引起许多意想不到的问题。
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology,
the
Internet
becomes
more
and
more
popular.You
can
find
it
nearly
everywhere
in
our
life,
work
and
study.
In
other
words
the
Internet
is
playing
an
increasingly
important
role
in
people's
lives.
Some
people
view
it
as
a
double edged
sword.On
the
one
hand,
it
brings
unprecedented
(前所未有的)convenience
and
inspiration,
but
on
the
other
hand,
it
also
causes
many
unexpected
problems.
Networks
bring
about
many
conveniences
for
our
life.If
you
have
a
computer
and
network,
you
can
get
almost
all
information
you
need
or
the
latest
news
conveniently.What's
more,
we
can
save
a
lot
of
time
while
going
shopping
online
without
going
out.The
Internet
also
provides
a
wide
platform
for
our
study
and
entertainment.
Although
the
Internet
has
brought
convenience
to
us,
many
people
have
begun
to
realize
that
it
is
the
source
of
trouble
as
well.Take
the
young
for
example,
some
young
people,
especially
some
of
the
students,
are
too
addicted
to
the
Net
surfing.They
spend
too
much
time
on
the
games,
chatting,
movie
seeing
and
even
shopping
online,
which
is
harmful
to
their
health
because
the
Internet
is
so
complicated
that
it
is
not
easy
for
the
young
to
control
themselves.
Each
coin
has
two
sides.When
we
are
surfing
online,
we
should
take
into
consideration
all
aspects
of
the
problems
of
the
Net,
and
make
good
use
of
the
Net.
1．increasingly
adv.
越来越多地，不断增加地
2．inspiration
n.
灵感，鼓舞人心的人或事
3．addicted
adj.
上瘾的，沉迷于某种嗜好的
4．complicated
adj.
复杂的，难懂的
5．aspect
n.
方面；层面；外观
1．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
second
paragraph
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．Why
is
it
harmful
for
the
young
to
spend
much
time
online
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3．What
is
the
right
attitude
to
the
Internet
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.The
Internet
has
its
advantages
and
disadvantages.
2．Because
the
Internet
is
so
complicated
that
it
is
not
easy
for
the
young
to
control
themselves.
3．When
we
are
surfing
online,
we
should
take
into
consideration
all
aspects
of
the
problems
of
the
Net,
and
make
good
use
of
the
Net.
Section
Ⅰ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Preparing
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
假定，假设
2．________
n.
(鼠标)点击；咔嗒声
vi.&vt.
点击；(使)发出咔嗒声
3．________
n．(pl.)
统计数字，统计数据，统计资料
4．________
n.
纽带，联系；债券；枷锁
vt.&
vi.
(使)牢固结合
5.________
vi.&vt.
脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；取(款)
6．________
n.
途径，手段；大街
7．________
n.
准确性；精确度
8．________
n.
缺点，不足；弱点；虚弱，衰弱
9．________
adj.
虚假的，伪造的；错误的；人造的
10．________
n.
教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家
11．________
n.
参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信，介绍人
12．________
n.
(大型的正式)会议，研讨会
13．________
vt.
使担心，使害怕，使警觉n.
警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟
【答案】 1.assumption 2.click 3.statistics
4．bond 5.withdraw 6.avenue 7.accuracy
8．weakness 9.false 10.educator 11.reference 12.conference 13.alarm
看单词 学构词
后缀 ness表示“性质”、“状态”、“精神”、“程度”，如：safeness安全，happiness快乐，kindness好意。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．a
variety
________
各种各样的
2．keep
in
touch
________...
与……保持联系
3．________
favour
of
支持
4．have
effects
________...
对……有影响
5．turn
________somebody/something
向……求助
6．________
someone's
command
受某人支配
7．communicate
________...
与……交流
8．be
based
________...
建立在……的基础上
9．what
is
________
更有甚者，更为重要的是
10．drop
________
退学，辍学；退出，脱离
【答案】 1.of 2.with 3.in
4.on 5.to 6.at 7.with 8.on 9.more 10.out
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．________________
the
most
important
benefit
of
the
Internet
is
你认为网络最重要的优势是什么？
2．They
________________
children
spend
too
much
time
chatting
and
playing
games
instead
of
focusing
on
their
school
work.
他们猜想孩子们在聊天和打游戏上面花费的时间太多了，而没有集中精力去做功课。
3．Another
truly
wonderful
aspect
of
the
Internet
is
________
people
use
it
to
build
social
bonds.
因特网的另一个真正精彩之处在于人们利用它建立社会关系的方式。
4．________
the
Internet,
these
people
________
fewer
avenues
to
meet
people.
如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
5．I
feel
it
is
important
for
us
________
to
limit
our
use
of
the
Internet,
________
to
learn
how
to
handle
the
problems
it
has
caused.
我认为，重要的是我们要么限制使用因特网，要么学会如何解决它所引起的问题。
【答案】 1.What
do
you
think 2.make
the
assumption
that 3.the
way 4.Without；would
have 5.either；or
阅读P34～P35课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．What
does
the
first
part
of
the
passage
mainly
focus
on
A．The
positive
effects
of
the
Internet
on
our
lives.
B．The
negative
effects
of
the
Internet.
C．How
to
search
for
information
through
the
Internet.
D．How
to
carry
out
a
debate.
2．According
to
the
passage,80%
of
frequent
Internet
users
use
the
Internet
mainly
to________.
A．communicate
with
experts
B．read
articles
C．chat
and
play
games
D．search
for
answers
to
questions
3．One
of
the
greatest
benefits
of
Internet
friendships
is
that
they
are
based
on________.
A．appearance
B．age
C．common
interests
D．popularity
4．Why
does
the
huge
amount
of
false
information
on
the
Internet
become
more
of
a
problem
every
day
A．Because
people
can
write
anything
they
want,
true
or
false.
B．Because
false
information
is
popular
on
the
Internet.
C．Because
if
you
use
true
information
on
the
Internet,
you
will
be
fined.
D．Because
you
can
not
say
something
true
on
the
Internet.
5．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
A．The
Internet
has
positive
effects
on
our
life.
B．The
Internet
has
both
positive
and
negative
effects
on
our
life.
C．The
Internet
has
negative
effects
on
our
life.
D．It
is
not
safe
to
surf
the
Internet.
【答案】 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B
阅读P34～P35课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
Zhu
Fei
and
Li
Lei
had
a
debate
about
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
Internet
use.
Zhu
Fei
first
analyzed
the
value
for
people
are
looking
for
1.________
(inform).
He
also
mentioned
the
ability
2.________
(build)
social
bonds
and
form
friendships.Internet
friendships
3.________
be
built
based
on
common
interests.
With
the
help
of
the
Internet，the
4.________
(disable)
can
correspond
5.________
others
around
the
globe
world
who
have
similar
interests.
But
Li
Lei
listed
the
negative
effects.
He
thinks
the
main
drawbacks
of
the
Internet
are
too
much
information
6.________
has
not
been
evaluated
for
7.________
(accurate)
and
the
transforming
in
the
way
people
spend
their
time.
He
thinks
that
the
huge
amount
of
false
information
becomes
8.________
(much)
of
a
problem.Another
disadvantage
of
the
Internet
he
9.________(refer)
to
is
10.________
it
is
affecting
people's
private
lives.
【答案】 1.information 2.to
build 3.can
4．disabled 5.with 6.that/which 7.accuracy
8．more 9.referred 10.thatSection
Ⅲ Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
一生，终生；存在期
2．________
n.
能力，胜任；技能，本领
3．________
n.
发明者，发明家
4．________
vt.
放弃；抛弃，舍弃
5．________
n.
约会，预约；任命，委任
【答案】 1.lifetime 2.competence 3.inventor 4.abandon 5.appointment
看单词 学构词
后缀 ment可构成名词。如movement运动，arguement论证；论据；争吵，development发展；开发，treatment治疗，处理，待遇。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．stand
________
指缩写或符号)
是……意思，代表，
象征；支持，主张
2．make
________
组成；编造
3．________lack
of
由于……的缺乏
4．stop
sb.________
doing
sth.
阻止某人干某事
5．set
good
examples
________sb.
给某人树立榜样
【答案】 1.for 2.up 3.for
4.from 5.to
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．If
you
want
to
________________
while
doing
something
else,
just
minimize
it.
做其他事情时，如果想让网页保持可用，就把它最小化。
2．People
often
have
to
overcome
failures
________
they
can
accomplish
something
great.
人们常常要战胜很多失败之后才能取得伟大的成就。
3．He
was
confident
in
himself,
and
eventually
he
________
succeed.
他对自己有信心，而且最终真的成功了。
4．When
I
got
to
the
library,
he
was
__________.
当我到达图书馆时，到处都看不到他的身影。
5．I
____________
tell
him
the
truth
than
make
an
excuse.
我宁可告诉他真相也不愿意找借口。
【答案】 1.keep
the
page
available 2.before
3．did 4.nowhere
to
be
seen 5.would
rather
stand
for
(指缩写或符号)是……意思，代表，象征；支持，主张
(教材P38)This
stands
for
the
World
Wide
Web,
also
the
first
part
of
a
web
address.
这是万维网的缩写，也是网址的开头部分。
stand
by
站在旁边；旁观；支持
stand
out
显眼；突出
①How
can
you
stand
by
and
see
him
accused
of
something
he
didn't
do
你怎么能眼睁睁地看着他遭人诬陷而袖手旁观呢？
②Her
bright
clothes
always
make
her
stand
out
in
a
crowd.
她那鲜艳的衣服总是使她在人群中很显眼。
(教材P41)Thomas
Edison
was
fired
from
his
first
two
jobs
for_lack_of
competence.
托马斯·爱迪生因不能胜任他的前两份工作而被解雇。
(1)for
(through)
lack
of 由于……的缺乏
①The
trip
was
cancelled
through
lack
of
interest.
因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。
(1)lack(for)nothing
没有欠缺
(2)a
lack
of
缺乏
(3)lacking
adj.
没有的；缺乏的；不足的
be
lacking
in...
缺乏……
②Too
many
teachers
are
treated
with
a
lack
of
respect.
有太多老师得不到尊重。
③Japan
is
an
island
country
which
is
lacking
(lack)in
resources.日本是一个缺乏资源的岛国。
[名师点津]
动词lack后面不要用in或of，但是be
lacking和a
lack后面可以用in或of。
(2)competence
n．能力，胜任；技能，本领
competent
adj.
有能力的；足以胜任的
be
competent
to
do
sth.
有能力做某事
be
competent
at
(doing)
sth.
在某事/方面有才干，擅长某事
④Make
sure
the
firm
is
competent
to
carry
out
the
work.
要确保这家公司有能力完成这项工作。
⑤She
is
competent(competence)
at
communicating.
她很善于交际。
abandon
vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃；陷入，沉湎于(某种情感)
(教材P41)They
wouldn't
have
achieved
their
success
if
they
had
abandoned
their
dreams.
如果他们放弃了自己的梦想，他们就不会取得成功。
(1)abandon
(doing)
sth.
放弃(做)某事
abandon
oneself
to...
沉溺于……
(2)abandoned
adj.
被遗弃的，废弃的
abandon
n.
尽情；放纵
with
abandon
尽情地；放纵地
①The
boy
was
abandoned
by
his
parents
when
he
was
a
baby,
so
he
tended
to
abandon
himself
to
despair
when
meeting
trouble
in
life.
这个男孩从小就被父母遗弃，所以在生活中遇到困难时他很容易陷入绝望。
②They
jumped
and
shouted
with
abandon.
他们尽情地又跳又叫。
appointment
n．约会，预约；任命，委任
(教材P41)I
think
I'd
better
apologize
to
him
tomorrow
for
not
keeping
the
appointment.
我想我明天最好因未能赴约向他道歉。
(1)keep
an
appointment
守约；赴约
make/have
an
appointment(with
sb.)
(与某人)预约/约会
by
appointment
依约；经预先约定
(2)appoint
vt.
任命；确定
appoint
sb.to
be/as...
任命/指派某人为……
appoint
sb.to
do
sth.
委派某人做某事
(3)appointed
adj.
约定的，指定的
①He
has
an
appointment
with
a
client
at
10：30.
他10点半约了客户。
②The
headmaster
has
appointed
the
headteacher
to
look
into
the
matter.
校长已安排班主任调查此事。
③You
should
phone
his
secretary
if
you
want
to
make
an
appointment.
如果想预约，你应该给他的秘书打电话。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．My
mother
made
an
________
with
the
doctor
and
they
________
to
meet
at
9
this
morning.(appoint)
2．Edison
was
an
________
who
had
many
________，
and
the
bulb
was
________
by
him.(inventor)
3．I
think
she
is
________
to
do
the
task
as
she
has
proved
her
________
to
deal
with
such
issues.(competence)
4．The
large
tour
bus
that
we
rode
raced
________
toward
the
southwest－the
________
of
Mount
Fuji.(direct)
5．Mr.Mack
was
a
very
________
man.He
spoke
________
and
moved
carefully.(care)
【答案】 1.appointment；appointed 2.inventor；inventions；invented 3.competent；competence
4．directly；direction 5.careful；carefully
Ⅱ.选词填空
for
lack
of；get
annoyed
with；stand
for；make
up；set
a
good
example
to；stop
sb.from
doing
sth.；make
an
appointment
with
sb.
1．We________________equality
among
all
nations,
big
or
small.
2．The
crops
all
died
________________
water.
3．We
need
one
more
person
to________________a
team.
4．He________________me
about
my
carelessness.
5．The
headmaster
likes
to
arrive
early
at
school
to________________the
other
teachers.
【答案】 1.stand
for 2.for
lack
of 3.make
up 4.got
annoyed
with 5.set
a
good
example
to
(教材P41)
I
would_rather
tell
him
the
truth
than
make
an
excuse.
我宁可告诉他真相也不愿意找借口。
【要点提炼】 would
rather
do
sth.than
do
sth.为固定句型，表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事”。
表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”的还有：
(1)would
do
...rather
than
do
...
(2)prefer
to
do
...rather
than
do
...
①I
would
watch
TV
at
home
rather
than
go
to
the
concert.
我宁可在家看电视也不愿去听音乐会。
②Rather
than
work(work)
in
a
big
city，the
young
man
preferred
to_teach(teach)
in
a
remote
village.
这个年轻人宁愿在偏远的村庄教书，也不愿在大城市工作。
[名师点津]
would
rather后接从句时，从句常用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。
一句多译
考试时他宁可不及格也不会作弊。
1．_____________________________________________________________
2．_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.He
would
rather
fail
than
cheat
in
the
exam. 2.He
prefers
to
fail
rather
than
cheat
in
the
exam.
助动词
阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法
1．I
am
speaking
in
favour
of
the
Internet.
2．There
are
two
main
points
which
must
be
included
when
we
analyse
the
Internet.
3．With
the
touch
of
a
button
or
the
click
of
a
mouse，a
student
will
find
abundant
information.
4．These
problems
do
not
occur
as
often
when
people
use
traditional
reference
materials.
5．To
help
solve
this
problem,
a
special
clinic
was
opened
in
Beijing
in
2005.
6．One
university
did
a
study
about
the
students
who
had
dropped
out.
助动词一般本身没有独立的实际意义，不能单独作谓语，通常帮助实义动词并与实义动词一起构成谓语，助动词与实义动词连用，表示时态、语态、语气等，或构成陈述句、疑问句和否定句。
一、助动词的用法
1．助动词be的用法
(1)“be＋现在分词”构成进行时态。
He
is
giving
a
lecture.
他在做报告。
English
is
becoming
more
and
more
important.
英语现在越来越重要。
(2)“be＋过去分词”构成被动语态
The
window
was
broken
by
Tom.
窗户是汤姆打碎的。
English
is
taught
throughout
the
world.
世界各地都教英语。
(3)“be＋动词不定式”可表示下列内容：
①用现在时表示最近、未来的计划或安排，这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态的表达法。
He
is
to
go
to
New
York
next
week.
他下周要去纽约。
We
are
to
teach
the
fresh
students.我们要教新生。
②表示命令。
You
are
to
explain
this.对此你要做出解释。
All
the
questions
are
to
be
answered
at
once.
所有的问题都必须立即回答。
③征求意见。
How
am
I
to
answer
him
我该怎样答复他？
Am
I
to
go
on
with
the
work
要我继续做这项工作吗？
④表示相约、商定。
We
are
to
meet
at
the
school
gate
at
seven
tomorrow
morning.
我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。
Audrey
and
Jimmy
are
to
be
married
in
June.
奥德丽和吉米将在六月份结婚。
2．助动词do的用法
(1)构成一般疑问句。
Do
you
want
to
pass
the
CET 4
你想通过大学英语四级测试吗？
Does
she
get
up
early
in
the
morning
她早上起得早吗？
(2)do＋not构成否定句。
I
do
not
want
to
be
criticized.
我不想挨批。
He
doesn't
want
to
study.
他不想学习。
(3)构成否定祈使句。
Don't
go
out
on
so
cold
a
day.
这么冷的天，不要出去。
Don't
be
so
absent minded.
不要这么心不在焉。
(4)放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。
I
did
go
there.我确实去那儿了。
I
do
miss
you.我确实想你。/我真想你了。
(5)用于倒装句。
引导此类倒装句的副词有never，seldom，rarely，little，only，so等。
Never
did
I
hear
of
such
a
thing.
我从未听说过这样的事情。
Only
when
we
begin
our
college
life
do
we
realize
the
importance
of
English.
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
(6)用作代动词。
—Do
you
like
Beijing
——你喜欢北京吗？
—Yes，I
do.
——是的，喜欢。
She
works
harder
than
he
does.
她学习比他努力。
[名师点津]
①构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。
②助动词do用于加强语气时，只用于一般现在时、一般过去时以及肯定句中。
3．助动词have的用法
(1)“have＋过去分词”构成完成时态。
He
has
left
for
London.
他已去了伦敦。
The
teacher
had
taught
us
the
words
several
times
before
he
asked
us
to
read
them.
老师在让我们读这些单词之前已经教了我们好几遍了。
(2)“have＋been＋现在分词”构成完成进行时。
I
have
been
studying
English
for
ten
years.
我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。
He
looks
tired
because
he
has
been
painting
the
living
room
all
day.
他看起来很累，因为他刷了一整天起居室了。
(3)“have＋been＋过去分词”构成完成时态的被动语态。
English
has
been
taught
in
China
for
many
years.
英语在中国被教授已经多年。
Paper
money
has
been
used
for
over
a
thousand
years.
纸币已经被使用一千多年了。
二、半助动词的用法
半助动词是指在功能上介于主动词和助动词之间、本身具有词义的一类结构。常见的半助动词有：be
able
to，be
about
to，be
due
to，be
going
to，be
likely
to，be
meant
to，be
supposed
to，be
willing
to，have
to，have
got
to，seem
to，be
unable
to，be
unwilling
to等。
We
were
about
to
start
when
it
rained.
我们正要出发，这时下雨了。
We
have
to
be
careful
when
driving.
我们开车时要小心。
三、情态助动词的用法
情态助动词包括will/would，shall/should，can/could，may/might，must，need，dare，ought
to，used
to，had
better等，后接动词原形。
Will
you
tell
me
your
telephone
number
请告诉我你的电话号码好吗？
Shall
I
telephone
her
to
tell
her
the
news
要不要我打电话告诉她这个消息？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If
it________(not
rain)tomorrow，the
sports
meeting
will
take
place.
2．He
________(do)come
to
visit
us
yesterday
as
he
had
promised.
3．Look！The
race
is
about________(start)．
4．Many
tall
buildings________(build)in
my
town
next
year.
5．________you______(like)
to
answer
my
question
【答案】 1.doesn't
rain 2.did 3.to
start 4.will
be
built 5.Would；like
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．So
real
friendship
should
able
to
stand
all
sorts
of
tests.
_____________________________________________________________
2．I
had
noticed
that
the
carriage
was
noisy
and
filled
with
people.
_____________________________________________________________
3．Since
then－for
all
these
years－we
had
been
allowing
tomatoes
to
self seed
where
they
please.
_____________________________________________________________
4．I
was
just
helping
a
friend.
Why
does
she
punish
me
_____________________________________________________________
5．I
knew
that
they
will
be
worried
about
me
because
I
was
so
far
away，and
that
my
mother
would
not
sleep
if
she
knew.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.should后加be 2.删除had 3.had→have 4.does→did 5.will→wouldSection
Ⅲ Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
adj.
足够的，充足的，丰裕的
2．________
adj.
非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的
3．________
n.
保险；保障措施
4．________
adj.
显然的，显而易见的
【答案】 1.ample 2.casual 3.insurance 4.obvious
看单词 学构词
后缀 ous可构成形容词，“……充满的”。如：ridiculous可笑的，generous慷慨的，大方的，harmonious和谐的，dangerous危险的。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．a
large
amount________
大量的
2．ahead________
在……之前
3．turn________
转向；求助于
4．answer________
对……负责；保证
5．adjust________
适应
【答案】 1.of 2.of 3.to 4.for 5.to
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．And
______________________________
educational
products.
这边，在电脑旁边是教育方面的产品。
2．I
was
at
the
dentist's
last
Sunday
to
________________________.
上周日我去牙医诊所检查牙齿。
3．I
________
in
the
waiting
room
________
a
young
man
entered.
我正在候诊室里面坐着，这时一个年轻人走了进来。
4．____________________
he
was
suffering
great
pain
when
he
talked.
显而易见的是，他说话的时候遭受着巨大的痛苦。
【答案】 1.here,
near
the
computers,
are 2.have
my
teeth
checked 3.was
sitting；when 4.It
was
obvious
that
a
large
amount
of
大量的
(教材P6)A
large
amount
of
educational
software
can
also
be
found
here.
很多教育软件都可以在这里找到。
关于“许多；若干”的短语：
(1)＋可数名词复数
(2)＋可数名词单数＋单数谓语动词
(3)＋可数名词复数或不可数名词
(4)＋不可数名词
①Many
a
famous
pop
star
has
been
ruined
by
drugs.
很多著名的流行歌星被毒品毁了。
②Don't
spend
a
great
deal
of
money
doing
useless
things.
不要大笔花钱做无用的事情。
③Quantities
of
food
were
on
the
table
yesterday.
昨天，桌子上有许多食物。
[名师点津]
a
large/small
amount
of后接不可数名词表示“大量/少量的”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，也可以用“amounts
of＋不可数名词”表示“大量的”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
as
well
as既……又……，不仅……还……
(教材P6)The
most
popular
ones
have
cameras
and
Internet
access
as
well
as
games
and
all
sorts
of
other
functions.最流行的(手机)除了有游戏和其他各种各样的功能外还可以照相和上网。
(1)as
well
as用作连词，表示“和，又，既……(又……)，不仅……(还……)”。常用来连接两个并列成分。它连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与as
well
as前的人称和数保持一致。
(2)as
well
as还可表示“和……一样好”。
①His
wife
as
well
as
his
children
was
invited
to
the
party.
他的妻子和他的孩子们都被邀请参加宴会了。
②He
sings
as
well
as,_if
not
better
than,
Mary.
他要是唱歌不比玛丽唱得更好，但至少也是一样好。
[名师点津]
as
well
as连接两个并列成分时，侧重前者；not
only...but(also)．..连接两个并列成分时，侧重后者。not
only...but(also)．..连接的并列成分作主语时，句子谓语的数和人称遵循“就近原则”。
ample
adj.足够的，充足的，丰裕的
(教材P9)I
had
bought
myself
a
magazine
since
I
had
ample
time
to
wait.
我已买好了一本杂志，因为我有充足的时间等待。
(1)ample
for
足够，充足
ample
for
one's
needs
足够应付某人的需要
(2)amply
adv.
足够的，充足地
①Thirty
dollars
will
be
ample
for
the
purpose.
有30美元就足够用的了。
②His
efforts
were
amply(ample)
rewarded.
他的努力得到了丰厚的回报。
[明辨异同] ample/enough/abundant
ample
表示某物“充足”得以满足需要。
enough
普通用词，侧重数量或分量的足够。
abundant
充裕，表示数量非常多或充足有余。
(ample,
enough,
abundant)
③There
aren't
enough
chairs
for
everyone.
④Ample
sunshine
and
rainfall
are
bringing
the
crops
on
nicely.
⑤China
is
abundant
with
natural
resources.
casual
adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的
(教材P9)We
had
a
casual
conversation
in
the
waiting
room.
我们在候诊室随便交谈了几句。
(1)be
casual
about 对……漫不经心
(2)casually
adv.
随便地；不经意地；若无其事地
①As
I
know,
some
American
young
people
seem
to
be
casual
about
clothes.
据我所知，有些美国年轻人对穿着不是很讲究。
②He
walked
down
the
road,
casually(casual)
swinging
his
bag.
他走在路上，随便地晃着手提包。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．________，he
is
a
cheat；don't
be
cheated
by
his
________
lie.(obvious)
2．The
factory
________
many
new
________.(produce)
3．We
have
________
to
the
legal
aid，because
it
should
be
________
to
more
people.(access)
4．He
________
from
asthma.I
hate
to
see
him
________.(suffer)
5．The
trainer
thought
________
of
John's
________
jump.(high)
【答案】 1.Obviously；obvious 2.produced；products 3.access；accessible 4.suffers；suffering
5．highly；high
Ⅱ.选词填空
a
large
amount
of；as
well
as；refer
to；more
than；ahead
of；turn
to；answer
for；adjust
to
1．I
finished
the
work
several
days
______________
the
deadline.
2．____________________
money
is
spent
on
the
project.
3．We
are
________________
happy
to
show
you
around
Beijing.
4．He
never
once
________________
his
notes
during
the
speech.
5．________________
Russian,
she
speaks
French
very
well.
【答案】 1.ahead
of 2.A
large
amount
of 3.more
than 4.referred
to 5.As
well
as
(教材P9)It_was_obvious_that
he
was
suffering
great
pain
when
he
talked.
很显然，他说话时遭受着巨大的痛苦。
【句式分析】 该句为复合句。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，其具体结构为：It＋be＋adj.＋that从句。
用it作形式主语的其他句型：
(1)It＋be＋n.(a
pity，a
fact，a
wonder，an
honor等)＋从句
(2)It＋vi.(happen，turn
out，occur等)＋从句
(3)It＋be＋adj.(如：strange，natural，important，necessary，essential等)＋从句
(4)It＋be＋过去分词(如：reported，believed，said，announced等)＋从句
①It
is
important
that
we
students
should
work
hard.
我们学生刻苦学习是重要的。
②It
occurred
to
me
that
I
didn't
lock
the
front
door.
我突然想起前门未锁。
[名师点津]
①that引导从句时，仅起连接作用，不作成分，也无词义；whether/if引导从句时，有词义，起连接作用，但不作成分；其余的连接代词/连接副词有词义，起引导从句和充当句子成分的双重作用。
②在“It
is
strange/natural/important/necessary/essential...＋that从句”结构中，从句可用虚拟语气，表示某种感彩，其谓语动词常用should
do或should
be
done。
翻译句子
1．他们有可能今天来。(It
is
possible
that...)
_____________________________________________________________
2．据报道，献血(donating
blood)对身体有好处。(It
is
reported
that...)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.It
is
possible
that
they
will
come
today.
2．It
is
reported
that
donating
blood
does
good
to
health.
及物动词与不及物动词
阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法
1．Regular
public
broadcasting
followed
shortly
afterwards.
2．Many
different
people
contributed
to
the
development
of
TV.
3．I
regret
to
tell
you
that
your
application
has
been
turned
down.
4．On
my
birthday
she
gave
me
a
mobile
phone
as
a
gift.
5．It
was
not
until
the
early
1950s
that
most
tape
recorders
began
using
plastic
tape.
6．Who
can
foresee
what
the
future
will
bring
7．The
first
public
TV
broadcasts
were
made
in
the
USA.
8．However，most
people
still
benefit
from
satellite
TV.
英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词(transitive
verb)与不及物动词(intransitive
verb)。及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整，不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，然后再跟宾语。
Ⅰ.及物动词
及物动词后要接宾语。宾语通常为名词、代词、动名词、不定式或从句。及物动词可以用于“主语＋谓语＋宾语”、“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”、“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中。
1．主语＋谓语＋宾语
He
reached
Paris
the
day
before
yesterday.(名词)
他前天到达巴黎。
I
found
something
interesting
in
the
newspaper.(代词)
我在报纸上发现了一些有趣的事情。
They
are
practising
singing
the
new
song.(动名词)
他们正在练习唱那首新歌。
How
did
you
manage
to
finish
it
so
soon？(不定式)
你怎么这么快就完成了？
I
believe
that
the
committee
will
consider
our
suggestion.(宾语从句)
我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。
(1)下列及物动词只能用动名词作宾语，而不用不定式：admit(承认)，appreciate(感激)，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，deny，enjoy，escape，fancy(想象)，finish，forgive，imagine，keep(继续)，mind，miss(想念)，postpone(推迟)，practise，prevent，recall(回忆)，resist，risk，stand(忍受)，suggest(建议)等。
(2)下列及物动词只能用不定式作宾语，而不用动名词：afford，arrange，ask，choose，determine，expect，hesitate，hope，long(渴望)，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，threat，wish等。
(3)下列及物动词既可以用不定式又可以用动名词作宾语，但意义不同：forget
to
do
sth.忘记要做某事，forget
doing
sth.忘记做过某事；remember
to
do
sth.记得要做某事，remember
doing
sth.记得曾经做过某事；regret
to
do
sth.遗憾去做某事，regret
doing
sth.后悔做过某事；stop
to
do
sth.停下来去做另一件事，stop
doing
sth.停止做某事；try
to
do
sth.努力做某事，try
doing
sth.尝试着做某事；mean
to
do
sth.打算做某事，mean
doing
sth.意味着做某事。
2．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
直接宾语是动词的直接作用对象，通常指事物，间接宾语是事物接受者，通常是人。直接宾语和间接宾语合起来称为“双宾语”。
Please
hand
me
the
book
over
there.(me是hand的间接宾语，the
book是直接宾语)
请把那儿的那本书递给我。
当间接宾语位于直接宾语后面时，常在前面加介词to，有时用for。由to引出间接宾语的动词有give，show，pass，lend，take，tell，send，write等；由for引出间接宾语的动词有buy，make，cook，get，sing，read等。
I
sent
an
e mail
to
my
American
teacher.
我给我的美国老师发了一封电子邮件。
He
bought
a
present
for
my
daughter.
他给我的女儿买了一份礼物。
3．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语
有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需要接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词或过去分词担任。
This
concert
made
her
a
popular
singer
overnight.(名词作宾语补足语)
这场音乐会使她一夜之间成为深受人们喜爱的歌手。
Satellites
make
TV
accessible
to
people
who
live
far
away
from
cities.(形容词作宾语补足语)
卫星使得远离城市的人们也能接收电视节目。
I'm
sorry
to
have
kept
you
waiting
for
so
long.(现在分词作宾语补足语)
不好意思让你等这么久。
4．及物动词的语态
大多数及物动词都可以用于被动语态，但有些及物动词不能用于被动语态，如表示“拥有”、“容纳”、“缺少”、“适合”(suit，fit)、“相互作用”(mean，equal等)等就没有相应的被动语态。
The
railway
had
been
built
by
the
end
of
last
year.
这条铁路在去年年底前已经建成了。
The
blue
skirt
suits
you
very
well.
这条蓝裙子很适合你。
No
one
equals
him
in
intelligence.
他的聪明才智是无与伦比的。
Ⅱ.不及物动词
不及物动词本身意义已经比较完整，后面不再跟宾语，也不能用于被动语态，但常常带状语。有些不及物动词可与介词、副词搭配组成及物动词短语，后面可接宾语，也可用于被动语态。而有些不及物动词与副词搭配组成的是不及物动词短语。
We
looked
around
carefully.
我们小心翼翼地四下看了看。
She
spoke
at
the
meeting
yesterday
evening.
她在昨晚的会议上发了言。
The
waters
rose
higher
and
higher,
as
a
result,
more
than
1,000
people
had
to
leave
their
homes.
水位升得越来越高，结果1
000多人不得不离开他们的家园。
The
children
are
listening
to
the
music.
孩子们正在听音乐。
I
wished
that
everything
would
work
out
as
planned.
我希望一切事情会像计划的那样顺利进行。
Ⅲ.兼作及物动词和不及物动词
英语里有些动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：
1．兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。
Shall
I
begin
at
once？(begin作不及物动词)
我可以立刻开始吗？
She
began
working
as
a
librarian
after
she
left
school.(began作及物动词)
她毕业后就当图书馆管理员了。
2．兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不尽相同。
Finally,
her
parents
approved
of
her
marriage.
最后，她父母同意了她的婚姻。
Congress
approved
the
bill.
国会批准了这法案。
[温馨提示]
有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：
(1)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而在汉语里则可用作及物动词，如arrive“到达”；agree“同意”；listen“听”。英语里这些动词后面常接介词，再接宾语。
We
arrived
at
the
railway
station
at
noon.
我们中午到达火车站。(第一个at不能省去)(比较：We
reached
the
railway
station
at
noon.)
Do
they
agree
to
the
plan
他们同意这个计划吗？(to不可省去)
(2)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve“为……服务”。
Our
children
are
taught
to
serve
the
people
heart
and
soul.
我们的孩子被教育要全心全意为人民服务。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When
it
comes
to
________
(speak)in
public,
no
one
can
match
him.
2．The
film
star
wears
sunglasses.
Therefore,
he
can
go
shopping
without
________
(recognized)．
3．Tom
has
been
absent
for
two
days.Do
you
know
what
________
(happen)to
him
4．I
avoided
________
(meet)him，but
somehow
bumped
against
him.
5．I
can't
stand
________
(work)with
Jane
in
the
same
office.She
just
refuses
________
(stop)talking
while
she
works.
【答案】 1.speaking 2.being
recognized 3.has
happened 4.meeting 5.working；to
stop
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Please
help
with
me
and
give
me
some
advice.
_____________________________________________________________
2．Although
we've
been
delighted
to
have
you
as
neighbors,
we're
hoping
to
settle
something
that
bothers
to
us.
_____________________________________________________________
3．Then
everyone
in
the
carriage
began
searching
the
ticket，which
was
eventually
found
under
a
seat
several
rows
from
its
owner.
_____________________________________________________________
4．We
can
lie
on
the
grass
for
a
rest，or
sit
by
the
lake
listening
music.
_____________________________________________________________
5．To
begin
with，all
of
us
can
start
reducing
to
the
use
of
oil
by
driving
only
when
we
have
a
real
need.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.删除with 2.删除bothers后的to
3．searching后加for 4.listening后加to 5.删除第二个toUnit
4 Public
transport
从北京到上海，只需要288分钟！中国的高铁时代已经到来，越来越多的旅客会放弃飞机而选择火车。
Bin
Railway
Dreams
Imagine,
one
day,
getting
out
of
bed
in
Beijing
and
being
at
your
office
in
Shanghai
in
only
a
couple
of
hours，and
then，after
a
full
day
of
work,
going
back
home
to
Beijing
and
having
dinner
there.
Sounds
unusual，doesn't
it
But
it's
not
that
unrealistic,
with
the
development
of
China's
high speed
railway
plan
to
connect
the
country
with
Southeast
Asia,
and
eventually
Eastern
Europe.
China
is
negotiating
to
extend
its
own
high speed
railway
network
to
up
to
17
countries
in
10
to
15
years,
eventually
reaching
London
and
Singapore.If
China's
plan
for
the
high speed
railway
goes
forward,
people
could
zip
over
from
London
to
Beijing
in
under
two
days.
The
new
system
would
still
follow
China's
high speed
railway
standard.And
the
trains
would
be
able
to
go
346
kilometers
an
hour,
almost
as
fast
as
some
airplanes.
Of
course,
there
are
some
technical
challenges
to
overcome.There
are
so
many
issues
that
need
to
be
settled,
such
as
safety,
rail
gauge(轨距),
maintenance(维修)
of
railway
tracks.So,
it's
important
to
pay
attention
to
every
detail.
It'll
be
a
win win
project.For
other
countries,
the
railway
network
will
definitely
create
more
opportunities
for
business,
tourism
and
so
on,
not
to
mention
the
better
communication
among
those
countries.
For
China,
such
a
project
would
not
only
connect
it
with
the
rest
of
Asia
and
bring
some
much needed
resources,
but
would
also
help
develop
China's
far
west.We
foresee
that
in
the
coming
decades,
millions
of
people
will
migrate
to
the
western
regions,
where
the
land
is
empty
and
resources
are
unused.With
high speed
trains,
people
will
set
up
factories
and
business
centers
in
the
west
once
and
for
all.And
they'll
trade
with
Central
Asian
and
Eastern
European
countries.
1．unrealistic
adj.
不现实的，不切实际的
2．negotiate
vi.&vt.
谈判，协商
3．zip
vi.
疾行前往
4．technical
adj.
技术的，技术上的
5．definitely
adv.
确切地，肯定地
6．migrate
vi.
迁徙，移居
1．What
benefits
do
you
think
the
high speed
railway
system
can
bring
us
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．Are
there
any
problems
in
the
railway
network
Please
make
a
list.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.It
can
create
more
opportunities
for
business,
tourism，and
make
better
communication
and
so
on. 2.There
are
some
technical
challenges
to
overcome,
such
as
safety,
rail
gauge,
maintenance
of
railway
tracks.
Section
Ⅰ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Preparing
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
铁路；栏杆，扶手；横杆
2．________
adj.
远离中心的，外围的；外表的，表层的
3．________
n.
有轨电车
4．________
n.
部分；部件；部门
5．________
n.
所有权，产权
6．________
n.
权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权
7．________
n.
建筑师
8．________
adj.
方便用户的，便于使用的
9．________
n.
站台，月台；平台；讲台，舞台
10．________
n.
增加，增长；成长，生长
11．________
vt.
运送，输送；表达
12．________
adv.
遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地
13．________
vt.
延迟，延期
14．________
n.
间隔，间隙
15．________
vi.&
vt.
(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞
n.
哽咽声，呛住的声音
16．________
vi.&vt.
扩大，扩展，增大
【答案】 1.rail 2.outer 3.tram 4.section
5．ownership 6.authority 7.architect 8.user friendly
9.platform 10.growth 11.convey
12．unfortunately 13.postpone 14.interval
15．choke 16.enlarge
看单词 学构词
ship作后缀表示“情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”。如：hardship困苦，苦难，membership资格；会员身份，friendship友谊。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．pick
________
(开车)去接人；捡起；无意中学会
2．drop
________
中途下客或卸货
3．lead
________
导致
4．link
________
联合，连接
5．________(...)intervals
每隔……距离或时间
6．accelerate
the
pace
________
加速……的步伐
7．function________...
起……作用
8．________honour
of
为纪念……；为了向……表示敬意
【答案】 1.up 2.off 3.to 4.up 5.at 6.of 7.as 8.in
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．Why
would
many
people
choose
to
travel
by
airplane
____________
by
ship
人们为什么宁愿选择乘坐飞机而不愿坐船旅行？
2．Travelling
on
these
lines
was
not
convenient,
though，________
each
line
was
possessed
by
a
different
company,
and
many
were
very
far
from
each
other.
然而搭乘这些线路并不方便，因为各条线路属于不同的公司，而且许多线路之间相距甚远。
3．________
the
situation,
a
wealthy
American
businessman,
Charles
Yerkes,
undertook
the
job
of
improving
the
system
in
1902
by
obtaining
ownership
of
the
many
different
lines
and
setting
up
the
Underground
Electric
Railways
Company
of
London.
看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯·耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。
4．So，________
a
trip
on
the
oldest
underground
system
today
那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？
5．________
was
the
London
Underground
________
in
1863
1863年伦敦的地铁状况怎么样？
【答案】 1.rather
than 2.as 3.Having
seen
4．why
not
take 5.What；like
阅读P50～P51课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Why
did
most
trains
to
London
only
go
to
the
outer
city
limits
A．Because
building
railway
tracks
into
the
city
would
have
needed
much
money.
B．Because
building
railway
tracks
into
the
city
would
have
damaged
many
old
buildings.
C．Because
the
technology
was
not
so
advanced
then.
D．Because
the
London
government
didn't
approve
the
plan.
2．If
you
travelled
on
the
underground
in
1884,
you
would____________.
A．look
out
of
the
window
of
your
carriage
to
enjoy
the
scenery
B．see
the
smoke
caused
by
the
steam
engines
C．suffer
from
noise
D．go
to
the
south
in
London
3．Why
was
travelling
on
the
underground
lines
inconvenient
in
the
1880s
A．Because
the
speed
of
the
underground
was
slow.
B．Because
the
price
of
the
tickets
was
very
high.
C．Because
you
should
queue
up.
D．Because
each
line
was
separately
owned
and
many
were
very
far
from
each
other.
4．The
underground
system
was
functioned
as
the
following
except________.
A．bomb
shelters
B．an
underground
airplane
factory
C．field
hospital
D．meeting
rooms
5．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
A．It
tells
the
history
and
development
of
the
London
Underground.
B．It
tells
the
function
of
the
London
Underground
in
World
War.
C．Many
people
contributed
to
the
building
of
the
London
Underground.
D．Why
the
London
Underground
was
built.
【答案】 1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.A
阅读P50～P51课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
The
London
Underground
has
the
distinction
of
being
the
1.________(old)
and
most
complex
underground
system
in
the
world.Before
the
initial
tunnels
2.________(open)
in
1863，the
traffic
jams
of
London
were
3.________(believe)．Twenty one
years
4.________，in
1884，the
Metropolitan
Railway
Company
and
the
Metropolitan
District
Railway
linked
up
and
provided
underground
service
in
the
middle
of
the
city.With
better
ways
of
digging
tunnels
5.________(develop)，the
first
railway
tunnel
under
the
River
Thames
was
dug
in
1884.The
city
and
south
London
Railway
opened
the
first
electric
underground
railway
in
1890.And
six
6.________(dependent)
deep
underground
lines
were
constructed
over
the
next
twenty five
years.Then
a
wealthy
American
businessman，Charles
Yerkes
obtained
many
different
lines
and
set
7.________
the
Underground
Electric
Railways
Company
of
London.Between
1918
and
1938，many
new
stations
were
constructed.
During
World
War
Ⅱ，the
underground
system
had
some
unusual
uses.After
the
war，the
system
8.________
(enlarge)
and
more
lines
were
added
because
more
people
travelled
on
the
underground.The
London
underground
system
is
working
to
transport
huge
9.________(number)
of
people
as
it
has
done
for
many
years.Buy
one
of
the
travel
cards
10.________
you
can
take
a
trip
on
all
over
the
underground
system.
【答案】 1.oldest 2.were
opened 3.unbelievable
4．later 5.developed 6.independent 7.up
8．was
enlarged 9.numbers 10.andSection
Ⅲ Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究
2．________
n.
少量的人或物；一把(的量)
3．________
vi.&vt.
分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破
4．________
adj.
每年的，一年一次的
5．________
n.
接待员
【答案】 1.enquiry 2.handful 3.split 4.annual
5．receptionist
看单词 学构词
某些名词后加后缀 ful变为量词。如：spoonful一勺，mouthful一口，houseful一屋。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．come
________
with
提出
2．break
________
爆发
3．make
________
辨认出；明白，弄懂
4．________
through
给某人接通(电话)；使经历
5．decide
________
决定，选定
6．put
________
推迟，推延；使反感
7．turn
________
出现，到来；调高(音量等)
8．fill
________
填写(表格)；消磨(时间)
9．a
handful
________
少数的，少量的
10．split
________
分组，分解；分离
【答案】 1.up 2.out
3.out 4.put 5.on/upon 6.off 7.up 8.in 9.of 10.up
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．Roads
where
cars
can
go
very
fast
are
called
motorways，freeways
or
expressways
__________
which
country
you
live
in.
那些汽车能在上面飞驰的路被称作motorways，freeways或expressways，具体的称呼则取决于你生活在哪个国家。
2．I
can
____________
you
back，or
maybe
I
can
deal
with
your
enquiry
我可以让她给你回电话，或者也许我可以处理你询问的事？
3．Oh，I'm
a
high
school
student
and
I'm
calling
to
see
if
____________
a
trip
for
my
class
to
look
around
the
transport
control
centre.
我是一名中学生，我打电话是想了解是否能安排我班的学生参观交通控制中心。
4．Hmm，well，we
____________
students
to
visit
this
centre，but
you
will
have
to
fill
in
a
form
and
then
we
will
decide
on
the
best
way
to
organize
the
visit.
嗯，哦，我们的确欢迎学生们来参观这个中心，但是你得填写一张表格，然后我们将决定组织这次参观的最佳方式。
5．I
____________
your
visit
off
until
then
as
the
annual
Traffic
Conference
is
coming
up
next
week.
我想把你们的参观推迟到那时，因为下周即将召开一年一次的交通会议。
【答案】 1.depending
on 2.get
her
to
call 3.it's
possible
to
arrange 4.do
welcome 5.would
like
to
put
turn
up 出现，到来；调高(音量等)
(教材P56)They
did
not
turn
up
until
10
o'clock.
他们直到十点才露面。
turn
off
关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向
turn
out
生产；结果是；关掉；出动；驱逐
turn
over
移交给；翻阅；把……翻过来；反复考虑
turn
in
交上；归还
turn
down
把声音调低；拒绝
①If
you
forgot
to
turn
it
off
when
you
went
away,
you
might
burn
down
the
house.
当你离开的时候如果你忘了关掉它，你可能会把房子烧掉。
②They
offered
her
the
job
but
she
turned
it
down.
他们提供给她那份工作，但她拒绝了。
③He
said
he
was
a
doctor，but
later
he
turned
out
to
be
a
cheat.
他自称是医生，但结果他是个骗子。
(教材P57)Hmm,
well,
we
do
welcome
students
to
visit
this
centre,
but
you
will
have
to
fill_in
a
form
and
then
we
will
decide_on
the
best
way
to
organize
the
visit.
嗯，哦，我们的确欢迎学生们来参观这个中心，但是你得填写一张表格，然后我们将决定组织这次参观的最佳方式。
(1)fill
in填写(表格)；消磨(时间)
fill
out
填写(表格)
fill
up
(with
sth.)
(用……)装满
fill...with...
用……填充……
be
filled
with＝be
full
of
装满……
①He
filled
up
the
tank
with
oil
and
set
off
at
once.
他把油箱装满油，接着就出发了。
②The
room
was
filled
with
smoke
because
so
many
people
were
smoking
here.
屋子里满是烟，因为如此多的人在这里吸烟。
(2)decide
on/upon决定，选定
(1)decide
on/
upon
(doing)
sth.
决定(做)
某事
decide
against...
决定不要……
decide
to
do
sth.
下决心做某事
decide
sb.to
do
sth.
使某人下决心做某事
It
is
decided
that...
决定……(从句谓语动词常用(should)＋do)
(2)decision
n.
决定；抉择
make
a
decision
做出决定
③It
was
eventually
decided
that
four
local
restaurants
(should)
be
closed
because
of
waste
oil
event.
因地沟油事件，最后决定关闭四家当地的饭店。
④In
the
end
we
decided
against
the
house
because
it
was
too
small.
最后我们决定不要这栋房子，因为它太小了。
split
vi.&
vt.分割，使(分开)；撕开，割破
(教材P57)We
could
split
up
into
groups,
and
come
at
different
times.
我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。
split
up
分组，分解；分离，分开
split
(up)．..into...
(把……)分成……
split
sth.between
(among)
在……之间分配，分摊
split
away/
off
(使)脱离，分裂出去
①Profits
will
be
split
among
three
major
charities.
盈利将被三大慈善机构分配。
②Our
teachers
usually
split
us
into
groups
to
discuss
questions.
老师通常把我们分成小组来讨论问题。
③A
minority
which
disagreed
split
off.
一个持不同意见的少数派分裂出去了。
put
through
给某人接通(电话)；使经历；完成
(教材P57)OK,
I
will
put
you
through
to
the
receptionist
and
she
can
take
down
your
details.
好的，我帮你接通接待员的电话，她会记下你的详细情况。
put
sb.through(to...)
给某人接通(电话)
put
sb.through
sth.
使某人经受(磨炼、痛苦)
put
sth.through
完成；达成；使成功
put
aside
攒钱；积蓄；把……放在一边
put
up
举起；建造
put
off
推迟，推延；使反感
put
up
with
忍受；容忍
①The
soldiers
were
put
through
eight
weeks
of
basic
training.
士兵们经受了八个星期的基本训练。
②Never
put
off
till
tomorrow
what
you
can
do
today.
今日事今日毕。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Yesterday
I
received
a
present.I
don't
know
who
sent
the
present，but
I'll
make
careful
________.
I'm
writing
to
my
friends
to
________
about
it.(enquire)
2．The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
raise
their
________
if
they
knew
the
answer，but
only
a
________
of
them
did
so.(hand)
3．This
is
an
________
exhibition，that
is
to
say，the
exhibition
is
held
________.(annual)
4．In
the
________
desk，a
________
is
dealing
with
a
group
of
guests.(reception)
5．Goods
were
________
by
water
because
boats
were
the
only
means
of
________
at
that
time.(transport)
【答案】 1.enquiries；enquire 2.hands；handful
3．annual；annually 4.reception；receptionist
5．transported；transportation
Ⅱ.选词填空
put
through；decide
on；turn
up；break
out；make
out；put
off；fill
in；split
up
1．Don't
worry
about
the
letter—I'm
sure
it'll
________.
2．We're
still
trying
to
________
a
venue.
3．We
managed
to
________
the
deal
________.
4．She's
________
with
her
boyfriend.
5．The
hole
has
been
________.
【答案】 1.turn
up 2.decide
on 3.put；through 4.split
up 5.filled
in
(教材P57)I
can
get_her_to_call_you_back,_or
maybe
I
can
deal
with
your
enquiry
我可以让她给你回电话，或者也许我可以处理你询问的事？
【句式分析】 句中get
her
to
call
you
back属于“get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，不定式短语to
call
you
back充当宾语补足语。
(1)get
sb.to
do
sth.
“让某人做某事”，不定式与sb.之间为主谓关系
(2)get
sb./
sth.doing
sth.
“使某人/某物开始做某事”，现在分词表示动作的开始，与sb.或sth.之间为主谓关系
(3)get
sth.done
“使某事被……”，过去分词表示动作已经完成，与sth.之间为被动关系
①I
need
to
get
the
washing
machine
fixed(fix)．
我需要叫人来修洗衣机。
②Can
you
really
get
that
old
car
going(go)
again
你真能让那旧车再跑起来吗？
[名师点津]
get与have均为使役动词，两者都可接非谓语动词作宾语补足语，不过get
sb./sth.doing
sth.中，现在分词表示动作的开始，而have
sb./sth.doing
sth.中，现在分词表示动作的持续；动词have后用省略to不定式作宾语补足语，即have
sb./sth.do
sth.，而动词get却用带to不定式作宾语补足语。
完成句子
1．他让我按时完成任务。
He
got
me
________________
on
time.
2．丽丽让人修了自行车。
Lily
________________.
【答案】 1.to
finish
the
task 2.got
her
bike
repaired
短语动词
阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法
1．This
traffic
problem
led
to
the
development
of
the
underground
system.
2．Sixteen
years
later，in
1884，the
Metropolitan
Railway
Company
and
the
Metropolitan
District
Railway
linked
up...
3．When
London
was
bombed，many
underground
stations
functioned
as
bomb
shelters.
4．...but
you
will
have
to
fill
in
a
form
and
then
we
will
decide
on
the
best
way
to
organize
the
visit.
5．We
could
split
up
into
groups，and
come
at
different
times.
6．I
can
call
you
back
later.
一、短语动词常见的构成方式及特点
1．动词＋副词
该类动词短语分及物的和不及物的两类。
Please
turn
off
every
light
in
the
house.
请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。(及物)
Harry
turned
up
after
the
party
when
everyone
had
left.
晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。(不及物)
2．动词＋介词(及物)
He
has
found
out
the
reason
why
the
sport
meeting
was
put
off.
他已经弄明白运动会被推迟的原因了。
3．动词＋副词＋介词
I
look
forward
to
seeing
you
soon.
我期望不久就能见到你。
[名师点津] (1)及物动词短语后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。
(2)如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。
He
gave
the
secret
away.
＝He
gave
away
the
secret.
他泄露了秘密。
The
basket
is
very
light.I
can
easily
pick
it
up.
篮子很轻，我可以容易地提起来。
二、常见重点短语动词
1．以break为中心的短语动词
break
away
from 脱离，逃离，甩掉
break
down
破坏，粉碎，瓦解；出故障，抛锚
break
into
闯入；强行进入
break
out
爆发，发生
break
through
突破
break
up
解散；结束
2．以bring为中心的短语动词
bring
about
导致，引起，促使
bring
back
带回；使回忆；使恢复
bring
down
使下降，降低；打倒
bring
out
使显出；使显现；出版；生产
bring
up
抚养，养育，培养
bring
in
赚得，挣；引入；收获(农作物等)
3．以call为中心的短语动词
call
for
需要，要求
call
in
召集
call
off
取消，停止进行
call
on
拜访(某人)，号召
call
out
大声喊，唤起
call
up
打电话给……；使想起
4．以come为中心的短语动词
come
about
发生
come
across
偶然发现，遇到
come
down
倒下；降落；跌落；病倒
come
to
苏醒；复原；共计；达到
come
up
走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽；上来；(问题)被提出
come
up
with
提出；想出
come
out
出版；产生
5．以get为中心的短语动词
get
across
度过，通过，横过；说服；使被理解
get
along(with)
(与……)相处；进展
get
around
走动；传播；影响；说服
get
down
to
认真对待，静下心来
get
off
送走；脱下(衣服)；下车；动身
get
over
恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
get
rid
of
除去，去掉；免除；摆脱
get
hold
of
抓住；把握；得到；联系
get
through
拨通；到达；完成；通过
6．以give为中心的短语动词
give
away
赠送；放弃；泄露；颁发
give
back
归还；反射
give
in
屈服，让步，投降
give
off
发出(烟，气味等)
give
out
分发，公布，发出；(使)筋疲力尽；用完
give
up
放弃；停止
give
way
to
让步，退却；屈服于
7．以go为中心的短语动词
go
about
走来走去；(谣言等)流传
go
against
反对；不利于
go
ahead
前进，进展，继续
go
by
经过，过去
go
in
for
喜欢；参加；赞成；从事
go
over
温习，检查
go
through
审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受
go
up
上升，上涨
go
without
无须，没有……也行
8．以look为中心的短语动词
look
about
四下环顾；查看
look
around
东张西望，环视
look
back
on/upon...
回顾……
look
down
on/upon
俯视；轻视
look
forward
to
盼望；期待
look
into
窥视；调查；浏览
look
on/upon
旁观；对待
look
on/upon...as...
把……看作……
look
out
向外看；注意；当心，提防
look
over
从上面看过去；检查，忽略
look
through
透过……看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查
look
up
查阅；抬头看；好转
look
up
to
仰望；尊敬
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They
have
decided
________
the
place
and
date
of
the
outing.
2．The
old
and
the
young
are
easily
taken
________
by
false
advertisements.
3．Just
a
little
patience
and
we
will
look
into
the
problem
you
put
________
soon.
4．Go
________
your
lessons
again
before
the
exam.
5．The
government
calls
________
everyone
to
protect
our
environment.
【答案】 1.on 2.in 3.forward 4.over 5.on
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．If
you
hear
the
alarm，stand
in
line
at
the
door
and
wait
your
teacher
to
lead
you
outside.
_____________________________________________________________
2．My
uncles
immediately
jumped
up
and
shot
their
arrows
on
the
bird.
_____________________________________________________________
3．We
appreciate
your
apologies
and
goodwill，but
we
hope
that
you
can
figure
a
good
way
of
settling
the
matter.
_____________________________________________________________
4．When
the
teacher
asks
us
very
difficult
questions，I'll
think
quickly
and
stand
to
answer.
_____________________________________________________________
5．Every
one
of
us
can
make
a
great
effort
to
cut
off
the
use
of
energy
in
our
country.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.wait后加for 2.on→at 3.figure后加out 4.stand后加up 5.off→downSection
Ⅳ Task
&
Project
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
离开，出发；背离，违反
2．________
n.
渡船；摆渡vt.
渡运，摆渡
3．________
n.
港口；(计算机)
端口
4．________
adj.
准时的，守时的
5．________
n.
行人，步行者adj.
行人(使用)的
6．_________adj.
好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的
7．________
vt.
处以罚金
8．________
adj.
喝醉的n.
醉汉，酒鬼
9．________
vt.
违犯，违反；侵犯
10．________
n.
负荷，负载；大量，许多
vt.
装载，装上，装入
11．________
n.
骑自行车的人
12．________
n.
预订，预约；保留意见
13．________
n.
拐弯处，转弯处
【答案】 1.departure 2.ferry 3.port 4.punctual
5．pedestrian 6.aggressive 7.fine 8.drunk
9．violate 10.load 11.cyclist 12.reservation 13.turning
看单词 学构词
ive作后缀表示“所属的，有关的”。如：productive生产性的，多产的；exclusive排他的；demonstrative证明的，论证的。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．speed
________
(使)加速
2．wash________
冲走
3．________
repair
在修理中
4．be
aware
________
意识到
5．be
true
________
符合；对……适用
6．in
connection
________
和……有关
7．result
________
导致
8．watch
out
_________
密切注意
9．________
particular
尤其；特别
10．________
good
condition
状况良好
【答案】 1.up 2.away 3.under 4.of 5.of
6．with 7.in 8.for 9.in 10.in
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．Part
of
the
road
is
still
____________.
部分道路仍在修理中。
2．____________
the
frequent
rapid
ferries
to
ports
in
Weihai
and
Yantai，there
are
also
slower
ferries
to
Shanghai
and
Qinhuangdao.
除了到威海港和烟台港的很多快速渡轮外，还有去往上海和秦皇岛的慢速渡轮。
3．Some
cyclists
make
the
assumption
____________，
but
this
is
not
true.
有些骑自行车的人认为交通规则不适用于他们，但是这是不对的。
4．____________，
cyclists
should
walk
next
to
their
bicycles
to
avoid
causing
any
accidents.
当在人行道上时，骑自行车的人应推着自行车走，以避免事故的发生。
5．____________
that
we
avoid
accidents
by
paying
attention
to
road
safety.
要确保道路安全、避免事故，一切都取决于道路使用者。
【答案】 1.under
repair 2.In
addition
to 3.that
traffic
laws
do
not
apply
to
them 4.When
on
the
pavement 5.It
is
up
to
all
of
us
road
users
to
make
sure
阅读P62～P63课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．How
can
a
cyclist
prevent
a
traffic
accident
A．Riding
too
close
to
vehicles.
B．Signalling
when
turning
onto
the
correct
side
of
the
road.
C．Riding
along
the
pavement.
D．Riding
with
overloads.
2．What
shouldn't
a
pedestrian
do
when
he
crosses
the
road
A．Looking
both
ways.
B．Listening
for
cars.
C．Running
across
the
road.
D．Waiting
for
green
lights.
3．Why
can
speaking
on
the
phone
while
driving
cause
accidents
A．Phones
have
a
bad
effect
on
engines.
B．Drivers
can't
see
the
police.
C．Drivers
like
to
do
two
things
at
the
same
time.
D．Drivers
can't
devote
themselves
to
two
things
at
the
same
time.
4．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true
A．Cyclists
should
always
signal
when
they
ride
bikes.
B．When
on
the
pavement,
cyclists
should
walk
next
to
their
bikes.
C．One
cyclist
should
often
check
and
repair
his
bike.
D．All
of
the
road
users
should
pay
attention
to
road
safety.
5．The
purpose
of
this
passage
is
mainly
to________.
A．make
people
aware
of
traffic
problems
and
give
advice
on
how
to
solve
them
B．conclude
the
solutions
to
traffic
problems
C．analyze
the
causes
of
traffic
problems
D．blame
the
traffic
problems
on
vehicle
drivers
【答案】 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.A
阅读P62～P63课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
The
number
of
road
accidents
and
the
deaths
caused
by
them
1.________(increase)
over
the
past
year.So
2.________
is
necessary
for
us
all
to
be
aware
3.________
the
importance
of
obeying
traffic
rules
because
accidents
affect
drivers
of
vehicles
as
well
as
4.________
(cycle)
and
pedestrians.
On
the
one
hand,
when
drivers
drive
cars,
they
must
pay
attention
to
5.________(surround)
traffic
and
be
patient
if
held
up
by
a
traffic
jam.They
mustn't
speak
on
phones
when
6.________(drive)
and
mustn't
drink
any
alcohol
before
driving.And
they'd
better
drive
7.________
a
proper
speed.
On
the
other
hand,
some
accidents
8.________(relate)
to
cyclists
and
pedestrians.They
9.________(usual)
think
traffic
rules
have
nothing
to
do
with
them，which
is
of
course
wrong.It
is
up
to
all
of
us
to
prevent
accidents
to
make
people
10.________(safely)．
【答案】 1.has
increased 2.it 3.of 4.cyclists 5.surrounding 6.driving 7.at 8.are
related
9．usually 10.safe
reservation
n．预订，预约；保留意见
(教材P59)There
are
many
flights
to
Dalian,
and
the
city
has
good
air
connections
with
most
large
cities
in
China,
but
you
need
to
make
reservations
in
advance.
有很多航班飞往大连，大连与中国大多数大城市之间都有航线，但你得提前订票。
(1)make
a
reservation
预订
have/express
reservations
about...
对……表示疑问，对……保留意见
without
reservation
毫无保留地
(2)reserve
v.
预订；保留
n.
储备(量)；自然保护区；替补队员
be
reserved
for
为……保留/留出，留给……用
in
reserve
备用
①I
have
serious
reservations
about
his
ability
to
do
the
job.
我非常怀疑他有没有能力胜任这份工作。
②I've
made
a
reservation
for
you
on
the
morning
flight.
我为你预订了早上的航班。
③I'm
sorry
to
tell
you
this
seat
is_reserved(reserve)
for
the
old
woman.
抱歉地告诉你这个座位是留给那位老妇人的。
speed
up(使)加速
(教材P59)A
new
service
has
just
opened
between
Beijing
and
Dalian
and
this
has
speeded
up
travel
between
the
two
cities.北京与大连之间刚刚开通了一条新的(火车)交通线，这样就大大提高了两市间的旅行速度。
speed
v．
快速前行；加速；促进n.
速度
at
high/low/full
speed
以高/低/全速
at
a
speed
of...
以……速度
with
all
speed
全速
pick
up/reduce
speed
加/减速
①Extreme
care
is
always
needed
when
flying
at
high
speed.
高速飞行时总是需要非常小心。
②The
train
began
to
pick
up
speed.
火车开始加速。
departure
n．离开，出发；背离，违反
(教材P59)Check
timetables
for
departure
and
arrival
times.
核对(列车运行)时刻表来获取(列车)离开和到达的时间。
(1)take
one's
departure
离开；启程
(2)depart
v.
离开；启程
depart
from
从……离开；背离，违反
depart
for
动身去……
①The
basketball
team
will
depart
for
Qinghai
tomorrow.
篮球队明天将动身去青海。
②In
his
speech,
the
President
departed
from
his
text
only
once.
总统演讲时，只有一次脱开了演讲稿。
arise
vi.出现，产生
(教材P62)The
number
of
road
accidents
and
the
deaths
arising
from
those
accidents
has
increased
over
the
past
year.在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有所增长。
arise
from/out
of...
起因于；由……引起
①Emotional
or
mental
problems
can
arise
from
a
physical
cause.
身体上的问题可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。
[明辨异同] arise/rise/raise
arise
(arose；arisen)vi.表示问题、困难等“出现，产生”；表示“起床，起身”时较正式。
rise
(rose；risen)vi.表示“升起；增高”，说明主语自身移向较高位置，通常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、河水、温度、物价、职位等。
raise
(raised；raised)vt.表示“举起；提出；抚养；筹集”。
(arise，rise，raise)
②The
company's
losses
this
year
arise
almost
entirely
from
the
poor
management.
③Let's
raise
glasses
to
the
friendship
between
the
two
peoples.
④As
the
sun
rose
in
the
sky
the
temperature
climbed.
[名师点津] arise的主语多为以下抽象名词：
argument/problem/question/quarrel/movement。
violate
vt.违犯，违反；侵犯
(教材P62)If
you
drive
after
you
have
consumed
alcoholic
drinks
or
are
drunk,
you
are
violating
the
law
and
risking
your
own
life
as
well
as
the
lives
of
others.
如果你酒后或醉酒开车，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。
(1)violate
human
rights
违反人权
(2)violation
n.
违反；违背
in
violation
of
违反
(3)violator
n.
违背者；违反者
①It
was
reported
that
the
book
violated
human
rights.
据报道这本书的内容违反了人权。
②They
were
in
open
violation(violate)
of
the
treaty.
他们公然违反条约。
load
n．负荷，负载；大量，许多vt.装载，装上，装入
(教材P63)Carrying
more
than
a
light
load
on
your
bicycle
makes
it
more
difficult
to
control.
用自行车带上重物使得车子难以控制。
a
load
of＝loads
of
许多(后接可数/不可数名词)
take
a
load
off
one's
mind
消除某人的精神负担，使某人如释重负
load
(up)
...with
sth.
把某物装上……
load
sth.into/onto...
把某物装入/到……里
be
loaded
with...
装满了……
①The
good
news
has
taken
a
load
off
my
mind.
这个好消息消除了我的精神负担。
②The
band
got
a
load
of/loads
of
complaints
about
the
loud
music
at
night.
因为夜间吵闹的音乐声，这支乐队遭受了很多埋怨。
③They
loaded
her
with
many
gifts.
他们送了她很多礼物。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．It
is
suggested
that
any
company
that
________
environmental
laws
should
be
closed
for
their
clear
________.(violate)
2．I
forgot
to
tell
you
I
have
made
a
________
because
it
is
a
good
idea
to
________
a
table
in
advance
at
this
time
of
a
year.Then
we
can
have
a
________
table
when
we
get
there.(reserve)
3．His
flight
________
at
noon
and
his
parents
felt
lonely
because
of
his
________
.(depart)
4．I
told
him
to
take
the
first
________
on
the
right，but
he
________
left！(turn)
5．What
we
________
would
expect
our
________
path
to
be
like？(cycle)
【答案】 1.violates；violation 2.reservation；reserve；reserved 3.departed；departure
4．turning；turned 5.cyclists；cycling
Ⅱ.选词填空
arise
from；be
aimed
at；be
aware
of；speed
up；wash
away；under
repair；watch
out；be
true
of
1．We
felt
his
sympathy
________
a
kind
heart.
2．It
________
stopping
the
black
market.
3．The
same
________
all
other
cases.
4．________
you
________
these
complaints
5．________
for
the
dog
because
it
often
bites
little
children.
【答案】 1.arising
from 2.is
aimed
at 3.is
true
of
4．Are；aware
of 5.Watch
out
(教材P63)Some
cyclists
make
the
assumption
that_traffic_laws_do_not_apply_to_them,_but
this
is
not
true.
有些骑自行车的人认为交通规则不适用于他们，但是这是不对的。
【要点提炼】 这是一个复合句，其中that
traffic
laws
do
not
apply
to
them为that引导的同位语从句，说明assumption的具体内容。
(1)后跟同位语从句的名词有：news，fact，thought，idea，possibility，chance，evidence等；
(2)同位语从句的引导词有：that，what，which，who，when，where，why，how，whether等；
(3)that引导同位语从句时，仅仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有意义。而其他连接代词或连接副词引导同位语从句时，起引导从句和充当句子成分的双重作用；
(4)whether可引导同位语从句，有词义，但在从句中不充当句子成分，if不能引导同位语从句。
The
question
what
is
the
most
important
thing
for
us
now
remains
to
be
discussed.
当前对我们来说最重要的是什么这一问题尚待讨论。
[名师点津]
that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不充当句子成分，往往不能省略；that引导定语从句时，在从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
完成句子
1．没有人能够解释他突然消失这个谜。
Nobody
can
explain
the
mystery
____________.
2．他从格林先生那儿得到消息，经理今天不能见他。
He
got
a
message
from
Mr.Green
____________.
【答案】 1.that
he
suddenly
disappeared 2.that
the
manager
couldn't
see
him
today
如何写电子邮件
一、电子邮件的写法
电子邮件即e mail，是人们在因特网上沟通的一种常见形式，其写法跟书信基本一致，它的显著特点就是简单明了。一般来说，电子邮件可分为以下几部分：
1．收件人地址：在标题栏的“收件人(To)”框中输入收信人的e mail地址如Li
Ping@等，顶格写在邮件的第一行。
2．主题：“主题(Subject)”框的内容应简明地概括信的内容。
3．称呼：e mail一般使用非正式的文体，因此正文前的称呼通常无须使用诸如Dear
Mr.John之类的表达。在同辈的亲朋好友或同事间可以直呼其名，如Hi，Tom，但对长辈或上级最好使用头衔并使用姓。
4．正文：写e mail和写英文书信相差不多。
5．信尾客套法：信尾客套话通常也很简明。常常只需一个词，如：Thanks，Best，Cheers等；不需要用一般信函中的Sincerely
yours，Best
regards等。
6．签名：其写法和书信的签名一样，指发件人的姓名，写在客套结束语的下面一行(或两行)。
二、信息告知类电子邮件一般包括三部分
1．开头要表明写作目的，即明确要告知的信息。
2．主体部分应详细告知相关问题的细节，以便接收者能明白所告知信息的相关内容。
3．最后通常表达期盼和祝愿。
[亮点句式]
1．邮件开头常见用语：
I
am
delighted
to
receive
your
letter.
It
was
a
great
pleasure
to
learn
that...
I'm
writing
to
you
to...
I'm
writing
to
you
about...
I'm
so
pleased
to
hear
from
you
and
am
writing
to
tell
you
something
about...
2．邮件结尾常见用语：
Thank
you
once
again
for
your
kind
letter.
Expecting
to
hear
from
you
as
soon
as
possible.
Hoping
that
you'll
get
well
soon.
Looking
forward
to
meeting
you.
Remember
me
to
your
whole
family.
[写作任务]
假设你是天津晨光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于6月26日接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托，负责安排其在天津的一日活动，请根据以下提示，用英语给该团的领队Smith先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动计划并简要说明理由，最后征求对方意见。
◇上午与我校学生座谈(话题如校园生活文化差异等)；
◇中午与我校学生共同进餐(午餐包括饺子、面条等)；
◇下午与我校学生游览海河。
[审题谋篇]
体裁
电子邮件
话题
活动计划及安排
时态
一般将来时
人称
第一人称
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.词汇
1．________
礼堂，大会堂
2．________
文化差异
3．________
自助餐厅
4．________
水饺
5．________
领着某人参观
6．________
安排
【答案】 1.auditorium 2.cultural
difference 3.cafeteria 4.dumpling 5.show
sb.around 6.arrangement
Ⅱ.句式
1．I'm
very
pleased.I
learn
that
you
are
coming
to
visit
our
school
on
June
26.(用不定式合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
2．There
will
be
a
talk
in
the
school
auditorium.Visitors
and
students
from
our
school
communicate
with
each
other，talking
about
school
life
and
cultural
differences
in
the
school
auditorium.(用定语从句合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.I'm
very
pleased
to
learn
that
you
are
coming
to
visit
our
school
on
June
26.
2．There
will
be
a
talk
in
the
school
auditorium，where
visitors
and
students
from
our
school
communicate
with
each
other，talking
about
school
life
and
cultural
differences.
[妙笔成篇]
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear
Mr.Smith，
I
am
Li
Hua，chairman
of
the
Student
Union，from
Chenguang
High
School.I'm
very
pleased
to
learn
that
you
are
coming
to
visit
our
school
on
June
26.I'm
writing
to
tell
you
what
we
have
arranged
for
you.
In
the
morning，there
will
be
a
talk
in
the
school
auditorium，where
visitors
and
students
from
our
school
will
communicate
with
each
other，talking
about
school
life
and
cultural
differences.At
noon，you
will
be
invited
to
have
lunch
in
our
school
cafeteria
with
students
from
our
school.You
can
taste
dumplings，noodles
and
other
Chinese
foods.In
the
afternoon，the
students
in
our
school
will
show
you
around
the
Haihe
River.
How
do
you
like
the
arrangements？I
hope
you'll
have
a
nice
time
in
Tianjin.
Thanks.Section
Ⅱ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Language
points
turn
to
somebody/something向……求助
(教材P34)When
people
need
information,
from
the
news
and
weather
forecasts
to
travel
packages
and
academic
research,
the
Internet
is
now
the
first
source
they
turn
to.如今，当人们需要信息时，无论是新闻、天气预报还是包价旅游、学术研究，因特网都是他们求助的首选。
turn
to
sb.for
help
向某人求助
turn
to
翻到；转向；转为；查阅
turn
down
调小/低；拒绝
turn
off
关掉；使(某人)失去兴趣
turn
out
生产；结果是；出席(某项活动)，在场
turn
over
翻转，翻过来
turn
up
开大；调高；出现；到达
①If
you
have
any
question,
you
can
turn
to
me
for
help.
如果你有任何问题都可以向我求助。
②We
cannot
unnecessarily
excuse
ourselves
or
turn
the
other
person
off.
我们不能不必要地原谅自己或使其他人扫兴。
③She
decided
to
turn
down
the
invitation.
她决定拒绝这个邀请。
(教材P34)With
the
touch
of
a
button
or
the
click
of
a
mouse,
a
student
will
find
abundant
information
from
the
largest
libraries
and
museums
in
the
world
at
his
or
her
command.
一名学生轻按键盘键或点击鼠标，就能从世界上最大的图书馆和博物馆找到大量信息，加以使用。
(1)
abundant
adj.大量的，充裕的
(1)be
abundant
in
富有……
(2)abundance
n.
大量；丰富；充裕
in
abundance
大量；丰足
(3)abundantly
adv.
大量地；丰盛地；充裕地
①Fruit
and
vegetables
grew
in
abundance
on
the
island.
该岛盛产水果和蔬菜。
②It
is
said
that
the
country
is
abundant
in
natural
resources.
据说这个国家自然资源丰富。
③Calcium
is
found
most
abundantly
(abundant)
in
milk.
牛奶中含有丰富的钙。
(2)command
n．命令；控制；掌握vt.命令；指挥；控制
(1)at
sb.'s
command
受某人支配
under
sb.'s
command＝under
the
command
of
sb.
在某人的指挥下，由某人指挥/控制
in
command
of
控制，指挥
take/have
command
of
指挥，控制
have
(a)
good
command
of
精通
(2)command
sb.to
do
sth.
命令某人做某事
command
that...
命令……
④She
has
a
large
English
vocabulary
at
her
command.
她能灵活运用掌握的大量英语词汇。
⑤Applicants
will
be
expected
to
have
a
good
command
of
English.
申请人必须精通英语。
⑥He
commanded
me
to_go(go)
at
once/that
I(should)go
at
once.他命令我立刻就走。
[名师点津]
command后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词常用“(should＋)动词原形”；command作名词时，后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句谓语动词也用“(should＋)动词原形”。
assumption
n．假定，假设
(教材P34)They
make
the
assumption
that
children
spend
too
much
time
chatting
and
playing
games
instead
of
focusing
on
their
school
work.
他们猜想孩子们在聊天和打游戏上面花费的时间太多了，而没有集中精力去做功课。
(1)make
an
assumption/assumptions认为；假定；做出臆断
on
the
assumption
that
在假定……的情况下
(2)assume
vt.
假设，假定
assume/assuming(that)．..
以……为先决条件；假定……
assume
sb./sth.to
be...
假设某人/某事是……
It
is
generally
assumed
that...
人们普遍认为……
(3)assumed
adj.
假设的，假定的
①We
are
working
on
the
assumption
that
everyone
invited
will
turn
up.
我们假定了每一个人都会应邀出席并就此做出了安排。
②So，let
us
assume
that
historical
buildings
are
both
attractive
and
important
to
the
majority
of
people.
因此，让我们假定历史建筑对大多数人既有吸引力又很重要。
③It_is_generally_assumed_that
house
prices
will
continue
to
go
down.
人们普遍认为房价还会下跌。
(教材P34)What_is_more,_people
who
are
disabled
and
must
stay
in
their
homes
can
correspond
and
communicate
with
others
around
the
globe
who
have
similar
interests.
此外，身有残疾而必须待在家里的人也能(通过因特网)与全球各地趣味相投的人们通信、交流。
(1)what
is
more更有甚者，更为重要的是
(1)what
is
more在句中常作插入语，译为“更有甚者，更重要的是；而且；此外”。
(2)what
is
worse/to
make
things
worse 更糟的是
that's
to
say
也就是说
①Gas
is
a
very
efficient
fuel.And
what's
more,
it's
clean.
天然气是高效燃料，而且还清洁。
②Lots
of
trees
were
blown
down.What's
worse(bad),
some
people
were
killed
or
injured.
许多树木被风刮倒了。更糟糕的是，还死伤了一些人。
(2)correspond
vi.通信；相一致，符合；相当于
③Has
he
been
corresponding
with
her
since
he
went
abroad
他出国后一直和她通信吗？
correspond
with
sb.
与某人通信
correspond
with/to
sth.
与某事相一致
correspond
to
sth.
相当于某事；类似于某事
④Your
account
of
events
does
not
correspond
with
hers.
你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。
⑤The
arms
of
a
man
correspond
to
the
wings
of
a
bird.
人的双臂如同鸟的双翼。
address
vt.探讨，解决，处理；向……说话；称呼(某人)
(教材P35)The
main
drawbacks
of
the
Internet
I
will
address
today
are
that
it
has
too
much
information
that
has
not
been
evaluated
for
accuracy，and
that
it
is
transforming
the
way
people
spend
their
time.
我今天所要谈及的因特网的主要缺点是网上有太多未经核准的信息，以及它正改变人们使用时间的方式。
(1)address
sth.to
sb.
向某人说某事；把某物寄给某人
address
sb.as...
称呼某人为……
address
oneself
to
致力于，忙着做
(2)address
n.
地址，通信处；演说，讲话
vt.
写地址、姓名
①The
president
should
be
addressed
as
“Mr.
President”．
对总统应该称呼“总统先生”。
②The
letter
was
correctly
addressed(address)，but
delivered
to
the
wrong
house.
信上的姓名地址写得都对，但被错投到另一家去了。
③The
students
all
addressed
themselves
to
preparing(prepare)
for
the
coming
exam.
所有学生都在忙着准备即将到来的考试。
reference
n．参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信；介绍人
(教材P35)These
problems
do
not
occur
as
often
when
people
use
traditional
reference
materials,
such
as
books,
newspapers
and
magazines.
若人们使用传统的参考资料，如书籍、报纸和杂志时，这些问题就不会那么经常地发生了。
(1)make
a/no
reference
to
提/不提……
take
up
one's
reference
索要推荐信
in
reference
to...
关于……
without
(any)
reference
to
和……无关
(2)refer
v.
提及；参考；查阅
refer
to
提到；涉及；查阅
①The
article
made
no
reference
to
previous
research
on
the
subject.
文章没有提及此前对该课题的研究情况。
②In
this
report，the
victims
were
not
referred
to
by
name.
在报告中没有提到受害人的姓名。
③I
don't
think
I
have
got
the
job.They
haven't
taken
up
my
references(refer)．
我想我还没有得到这份工作。他们还没有向我索要推荐信。
drop
out
退学，辍学；退出，脱离
(教材P35)One
university
did
a
study
about
the
students
who
had
dropped
out,
and
found
that
43
per
cent
of
them
were
heavy
Internet
users.
某大学曾对退学的学生做过一个调查，发现43%的人痴迷于因特网。
drop
out
of...
退出……，脱离……
drop
back
后退
drop
by/in/round
顺便访问
drop
in
on
sb./at
sp.
顺便拜访某人/参观某地
drop
behind
落下
①It
is
a
pity
that
she
dropped
out
of
school
to
be
a
waitress.
遗憾的是她退学去当了服务员。
②He
dropped
in
on
me
at
my
company
when
he
was
in
Beijing.
他在北京时顺便来公司看了看我。
③Don't
drop
behind
others
in
case
you
get
lost.
路上别掉队，以免迷路。
withdraw
vi.&
vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；取(款)
(教材P35)This
study
shows
that
people
who
spend
too
much
time
on
the
Internet
tend
to
withdraw
from
the
people
and
the
world
round
them.
这项研究显示，在网上花费太多时间的人有离群避世的倾向。
(1)withdraw
from...
脱离……；从……撤回/退出；停止提供
withdraw...from...
从……撤回……
withdraw
cash/money/saving
提取现金
(2)withdrawal
n.
撤回；撤退；收回；退出；取款
①We
didn't
know
how
the
thief
withdrew
money
from
others'
accounts.
我们不知道那个小偷是怎样从别人的账号里取走钱的。
②The
drug
was
withdrawn
from
sale
after
a
number
of
people
suffered
serious
side
effects.
这种药因许多人服用后产生严重副作用而被禁止销售。
③You
can
make
withdrawals(withdraw)
of
up
to
$250
a
day.
你一天可以从银行账户中提取最多不超过250美元。
[图形助记]
巧记withdraw
alarm
vt.使担心，使害怕，使警觉
n．警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟
(教材P37)This
is
an
unfortunate
aspect
of
the
Internet
that
alarms
me.
这是因特网让我担心的一个不好的方面。
(1)in
alarm
惊恐地
with
alarm
由于恐慌
(2)alarmed
adj.
担心的；害怕的
be
alarmed
at/by/over
担心；害怕
(3)alarming
adj.
使人害怕的；吓人的
①She
looked
up
in
alarm.
她惊慌地抬头看。
②Everybody
was
alarmed
at
the
news
that
war
might
break
out.
每个人听到可能爆发战争的消息都感到恐慌。
③Population
in
the
country
grows
at
an
alarming(alarm)
rate.
这个国家人口增长的速度使人害怕。
[图形助记]
巧记
alarm
闹钟 警报(器)
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．We
________
different
investors
have
different
market
power，different
from
the
tradition
competition
________.(assume)
2．My
highly
________
dad
had
a
great
________
and
a
great
career.(educate)
3．He
had
a
good
memory，so
he
never
________
to
________
books.(refer)
4．The
clang
of
the
________
bells
________
the
village.(alarm)
5．The
agreement
permits
either
side
to
________
from
the
treaty(协议)if
such
a
________
is
announced
at
least
ninety
days
before
it
happens.(withdraw)
【答案】 1.assume；assumption 2.educated；education 3.referred；reference 4.alarm；alarmed 5.withdraw；withdrawal
Ⅱ.选词填空
drop
out
of；turn
to；in
favour
of；correspond
with；instead
of；at
one's
command；keep
in
touch
with；what's
more
1．I__________
the
play
because
I
had
too
much
work.
2．He
argued
__________
a
strike.
3．Now
I
can
walk
to
work
__________
going
by
car.
4．He
no
longer
worked
as
a
sailor，but__________doing
business.
5．The
prices
quoted(报价)in
your
letter
do
not__________
those
given
in
the
catalogue.
【答案】 1.dropped
out
of 2.in
favour
of
3．instead
of 4.turned
to 5.correspond
with
(教材P34)Another
truly
wonderful
aspect
of
the
Internet
is
the_way_
people
use
it
to
build
social
bonds.
因特网的另一个真正精彩之处在于人们利用它建立社会关系的方式。
【要点提炼】 the
way
之后是省略引导词that/in
which
的定语从句，引导词在从句中作状语。
way(方式，方法)后的定语从句的引导词有两种：
(1)在way后面的从句中，如果引导词作主语、宾语或表语，要用that或which引导定语从句，引导词作宾语时可以省略；
(2)在way后面的从句中，如果引导词作状语，则用that或in
which引导定语从句，也可以省略引导词。
①Apartments
usually
come
with
strict
no pets
policies,
and
the
only
way
Tokyo
dwellers
have
been
able
to
get
their
pet fix
is
by
visiting
cat
cafes.
东京的公寓通常严禁饲养宠物，居民们与宠物亲密接触的唯一方法就是去猫咪咖啡馆。
②The
way
that
was
put
forward
at
the
meeting
was
approved
of
by
all
the
people.
会上提出的建议得到了大家的赞许。
③What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
that/in_which
he
said
it.
令我惊讶的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。
(教材P34)Without
the
Internet,
these
people
would_have
fewer
avenues
to
meet
people.
如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
【要点提炼】 本句为含蓄条件句，without
the
Internet相当于if
there
were
no
Internet，且表示与现在事实相反的假设。
(1)without引出含蓄条件，相当于一个if引导的条件从句，既可表示与现在事实相反的假设，也可表示与过去事实相反的假设。有类似用法的词语还有：but
for(要不是)，otherwise(否则)，or(否则)，分词短语(如given
more
time)等。
(2)表示与现在事实相反的假设或对将来情况的虚拟时，谓语动词用would/
might/
could/
should＋do；表示与过去事实相反的假设时，谓语动词用would/
might/
could/
should＋have
done。
①I
would
have
failed
in
the
examination
without
your
help.
没有你的帮助的话，我就不能通过这次考试。
②Thanks
for
your
directions
to
the
house，we
wouldn't
have_found(find)
it
otherwise.谢谢你给我们指明方向，否则我们不可能找到这栋房子。
完成句子
1．要是没有计算机，我们是无法这么快完成这项任务的。
Without
computers,
we
______________________
this
task
so
quickly.
2．他昨天来这里了，否则我就不会遇到他了。
He
came
here
yesterday,
______________________________________.
【答案】 1.couldn't
have
finished 2.otherwise/
or
I
would
not
have
met
him
Internet
users
can
communicate
with
experts
on
all
sorts
of
topics，and
read
articles
written
by
people
who
are
leaders
of
their
fields.
【分析】 这是一个复合句。“Internet
users...read
articles”是主句；“written
by
people”为过去分词短语作定语，修饰articles；“who...”是定语从句，修饰先行词people。
【翻译】
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 使用因特网的人可以就所有话题与专家们交流并阅读各个领域中的领导人物所写的文章。Section
Ⅱ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Language
points
keep
in
touch
with与……保持联系
(教材P1)With
mobile
phones,
we
can
keep
in
touch
with
others
wherever
we
are.
用移动电话，无论我们在哪儿，都可以和别人保持联系。
(1)in
touch
with
和……有联系
out
of
touch
with
与……失去联系
(2)get
in
touch
with
和……取得联系
stay/keep
in
touch
with
和……保持联系
lose
touch
with
和……失去联系
①I've
been
out
of
touch
with
them
for
years.
我与他们失去联系已有多年了。
②He
lost
touch
with
his
former
English
teacher
two
years
ago.
两年前他与他以前的英语老师失去了联系。
③We
stay/keep
in
touch
with
each
other
though
we
live
in
the
different
cities.
尽管我们住在不同的城市，但我们仍然保持着联系。
[名师点津]
与“联系”相关的状语
keep/be
in
touch
with/be
out
of
touch
with
表状态，可和表示时间段的状语连用，而get
in
touch
with/lose
touch
with表示动作，不能和表示时间段的状语连用。
contribute
to对……做出贡献；促成，有助于
(教材P2)Many
different
people
contributed
to
the
development
of
TV.
许多不同的人为电视的发展做出了贡献。
(1)contribute...to...
向……捐赠……；向……投稿
(2)
contribution
n.
贡献；捐款；捐助；投稿
make
a
contribution/contributions
to...
对……做出贡献
①She
continued
to
contribute
articles
to
sports
magazines.
她继续向体育杂志投稿。
②Qian
Xuesen
made
great
contributions
to
the
space
development
program.
钱学森对太空发展计划做出了很大的贡献。
[特别提示]
contribute
to和
make
a
contribution/contributions
to中的
to都为介词，to
后要跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
though
adv.可是，不过，然而
(教材P2)It
took
more
than
two
decades,
though,
until
1951,
for
regular
colour
TV
broadcasts
to
begin
in
the
USA.
然而，二十多年后，直到1951年，彩色电视节目才在美国定期播出。
(1)though
用作副词时，常位于句末，有时也可位于句中。
(2)though
用作连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，可与although替换使用，不能与but连用，但可以和yet，still连用。
(3)though
可以用于倒装句中，相当于as(意为“虽然”)引导让步状语从句，其语序是：adj./
adv./
n．＋
though/
as
＋
主语＋
其他，而although一般不用于该结构。
①He
said
he
would
come
to
my
house；he
didn't
turn
up
though.
他说要来我家；但他没来。
②In
fact,
they're
hard
to
spot,
though
they
usually
fly
off
when
they
hear
humans
approaching.
事实上，即使它们总是在人们接近的时候飞离，它们却很难被发现。
③Small
though/as
my
cellphone
is,
it
works
very
well.我的手机尽管小一点儿，但性能很好。
delay
vt.&
vi.(使)推迟，延迟n.延误，延迟
(教材P2)Regular
colour
TV
broadcasts
were
delayed
in
the
UK
until
1967.
在英国定期播放彩色电视节目一直拖延到1967年。
(1)delay
sth.
使……延期；使耽搁
delay
doing
sth.
推迟做某事
(2)without
delay
毫不迟延地，立即
delay
in
doing
sth.
耽搁做某事
①Sharpening
your
axe
will
not
delay
your
job
of
cutting
wood.
磨刀不误砍柴工。
②I
apologized
to
the
teacher,
because
I
delayed
handing
(hand)
in
my
homework.
我因耽搁了上交我的作业而向老师道歉。
③They
must
restore
normal
services
without
delay(delay)．
他们必须马上恢复正常服务。
[名师点津]
名词delay后可接in
doing
sth.，但不接of
doing
sth.或不定式。
(教材P2)They
also
make
TV
accessible
to
people
who
live
far
away
from
cities,
and
satellite
dishes
can
often
be
seen
distributed
throughout
the
countryside
and
remote
areas.
它们也使远离城市的人们可以收看电视，在农村和边远地区经常可以看到卫星天线。
(1)accessible
adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的
(1)be
accessible
to
sb.
容易为……理解的；容易
为……接近的
(2)access
n.
[U]
(使用或见到的)机会/权利；通道
give(sb.)access
to
接见；准许(某人)使用
get/have
access
to
得以接近/进入/使用
①These
dangerous
chemicals
must
not
be
kept
where
they
are
accessible
to
children.
这些危险的化学药品必须放在儿童够不到的地方。
②The
website
also
gives
access
to
a
large
number
of
tools
that
can
be
used
to
analyze
these
data.
这个网站还提供了大量能够分析这些数据的工具。
③The
public
don't
have
access
to
the
site.
公众无权进入此地。
(2)distribute
vt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销
(1)distribute
...to
...
把……分发给……
distribute
...among
...
在……中分配……
(2)distribution
n.
分配，分发
④The
teacher
distributed
the
new
books
④to
the
students.
老师把新书分发给学生们。
⑤The
unfair
⑤distribution(distribute)
of
wealth
still
exists
nowadays.
现在仍然存在着财富不均现象。
benefit
from
受益于，从……中得到好处
(教材P2)However,
most
people
still
benefit
from
satellite
TV,
as
local
TV
companies
broadcast
the
signals
they
get
from
satellite
receivers
to
the
population
living
nearby.
然而，大多数人仍然受益于卫星电视，因为当地的电视公司把从卫星接收器接收到的信号播送给附近的居民。
(1)benefit
vi.&vt.
使受益；有利于
benefit
sb./sth.
使某人/某物受益
(2)benefit
n.
利益；好处
be
of
benefit
to＝be
beneficial
to...
对……有益
for
the
benefit
of...
为了……的利益
(3)beneficial
adj.
有用的；有好处的
①They
are
working
together
to
benefit
the
whole
community.
他们在为整个社区的利益共同努力。
②For
me，I
think
people
can
get
lots
of
benefits
(benefit)
from
riding
bicycles.
对我而言，我认为骑自行车有很多好处。
③Cycling
is
highly
beneficial
(benefit)to
health
and
the
environment.
骑自行车对健康和环境大有益处。
wind
up上发条；(指人)终于到达某处，安顿；使结束(讲话等)；把(尤指车窗)摇上
(教材P3)The
first
record
players
had
to
be
wound
up
by
hand
and
only
played
records
that
were
two
minutes
long.最早的留声机必须手摇上发条，而且只能播放两分钟长的唱片。
wind
sth.into
a
ball
把……绕成一团
wind
one's
way
蜿蜒前进
wind
down
(指钟表)慢下来后停住；
使(业务、活动等)逐步结束，把(汽车窗玻璃等)摇下
①The
stream
winds
its
way
through
the
village.
小溪弯弯曲曲地流过村庄。
②Would
you
mind
winding
down
the
window
请把窗户摇下来好吗？
foresee
vt.预料，预见，预知
(教材P3)Who
can
foresee
what
the
future
will
bring
谁能预料未来会给我们带来什么？
(1)foresee＋n./
从句
预料到……；预知……
(2)foreseeable
adj.
可预料的，可预见的
unforeseeable
adj.
预料不到的，不可预见的
(3)unforeseen
adj.
未预料到的，意料之外的
①He
asked
me
who
could
have
foreseen
such
problems.
他问我谁能预见这样的问题。
②It
is
the
unforeseen
that
always
happens.
天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
③There
is
a
possibility
of
severe
water
shortages
in
the
foreseeable
(foresee)
future.
在可预料的未来有可能出现严峻的水资源短缺。
(教材P5)It
was
not
until
1906
that
adaptations
were
made
so
that
radio
could
relay
conversation
and
music.
直到1906年才对收音机进行了改造，此时收音机才能够播放谈话和音乐。
(1)adaptation
n．适应；改编本，改写本
(1)adapt
vt.
使适应
adapt
to...
适应……
adapt...to...
使适应/适合……
adapt
oneself
to...
使自己适应/习惯于……
adapt...from...
根据……改写(改编)
adapt...for...
改编/改作……之用
(2)adaptable
adj.
能适应的，适应性强的
①Lauren
has
even
adapted
the
menu
to
incorporate
aptly named
dishes
such
as
the
“Locked
N'
Loaded
Nachos”and
“Bull's
Eye
Grilled
Chicken”．
劳伦甚至还改良了菜单，设计出了一些别出心裁的菜名，比如“上膛墨西哥玉米片”和“靶心烤鸡”。
②Successful
businesses
are
highly
adaptable(adapt)
to
economic
change.
成功的企业对于经济转变的适应能力很强。
③The
film
was
adapted
from
a
novel.
这部电影是根据一部小说改编的。
(2)relay
vt.
播放，转播；接转，转发n.接力赛；中继设备
(1)relay
sth.(to
sb.)
传达信息等(给某人)；(向……)转播
(2)relay
race
接力赛
④What
I
want
to
tell
you
is
this:
you
have
won
the
relay
race.
我想告诉你们的是：你们赢了接力赛。
⑤I
will
relay
your
opinion
to
the
headmaster.
我会把你的意见转达给校长的。
sceptical
adj.怀疑的
(教材P5)Since
people
were
sceptical
that
the
public
would
want
to
hear
radio
broadcasts,
the
building
of
radio
stations
was
delayed.由于人们对公众想听广播表示怀疑，因此广播站的建设就被推迟了。
(1)be
sceptical
that...
怀疑……
be
sceptical
about/of
sth.
对某事怀疑
(2)sceptical(英)＝
skeptical(美)
①She
listened
to
me
with
a
sceptical
expression.
她听我说话的时候带着怀疑的表情。
②I
am
sceptical
that
he
can
finish
the
work
on
time.
我对他能按时完成工作持怀疑态度。
③He
was
sceptical
of/about
the
announcement
made
by
the
government.
他怀疑政府的宣告。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Many
people
made________to
the
Hope
Project,
which
________
to
many
children
returning
to
school.(contribute)
2．Everyone
will
have
____________
to
basic
medical
and
health
services;
that
is
to
say,
basic
medical
and
health
services
are
____________
to
everyone.(access)
3．This
new
film
is
said
to
be
____________
from
a
novel
by
Jane
Austen
and
the
____________
is
popular
with
people.(adapt)
4．The
company
will
finance
the
____________
of
a
new
community
sports
center
and
it
will
be
____________
next
month.(construct)
5．This
country
has
a
very
unequal
____________
of
income
and
the
public
hopes
that
wealth
will
be
____________
fairly
some
day.(distribute)
【答案】 1.contributions；contributed 2.access；accessible 3.adapted；adaptation 4.construction；constructed 5.distribution；distributed
Ⅱ.选词填空
contribute
to；wind
up；rely
on；keep
pace
with；have
access
to；benefit
from；keep
in
touch
with；make
a
breakthrough
1．________________
your
watch
every
day.
2．Exercise
________________
improving
your
health.
3．Ordinary
people
can't
________________
the
development
of
technology.
4．With
the
help
of
the
charity，the
children
can
________________
the
Internet.
5．The
success
of
this
project
________________
everyone
making
an
effort.
【答案】 1.Wind
up 2.contributes
to 3.keep
pace
with 4.have
access
to 5.relies
on
(教材P2)
Most
early
TV
broadcasts
were
made
using
a
system
developed_by_John_Logie_Baird_in_the_UK.大部分早期的电视节目使用的是英国的约翰·洛吉·贝尔德开发的一种系统。
【要点提炼】 过去分词短语developed
by
John
Logie
Baird
in
the
UK在句中作后置定语，修饰system。
(1)过去分词短语作定语，常位于被修饰词语的后面，用作后置定语；单个的过去分词通常位于被修饰词语的前面，作前置定语。
(2)过去分词(短语)还可用作状语。
①Also,
I
would
be
meeting
new
people,
and
properly
ironed
clothes
would
help
me
make
a
good
impression.
同时，我会碰到一些生人，熨烫合适的衣服会帮助我留下一个好印象。
②Located
on
the
top
floor
of
Douglas
Hall,
the
Wellness
Centre
is
committed
to
physical,
emotional
and
social
health.
位于道格拉斯顶楼，健康中心致力于身体、精神和社会的健康问题。
③Seen
(see)from
the
top
of
the
mountain，the
city
is
very
beautiful.
从山顶上看，这座城市很美。
[名师点津]
活用分词作定语
过去分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作的被动和完成；现在分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作的主动和进行。
(教材P2)John
Logie
Baird
constructed
the
first
colour
TV
in
1928,
but
it_was_not_until_1938_that_the_first_colour_TV_programme_was_broadcast.约翰·洛吉·贝尔德于1928年制造出第一台彩色电视机，但直到1938年第一个彩色电视节目才播出。
【要点提炼】 句中it
was
not
until
1938
that
the
first
colour
TV
programme
was
broadcast是the
first
colour
TV
programme
was
not
broadcast
until
1938的强调句式。
(1)强调句型的陈述句式：It
＋
is/
was
＋被强调部分＋
that/who
＋
其他成分。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句式：Is/
Was
it
＋被强调部分＋
that/who
＋
其他成分？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋
is/was
it
that
＋
其他成分？
①In
fact
it
is
many
young
people's
ambition
to
set
up
programmes
or
businesses
that
improve
social
conditions.
事实上，是许多年轻人开办项目或事业的雄心改善了社会状况。
②When
was
it
that
you
arrived
at
the
airport
你是什么时候到达机场的？
完成句子
1．________________
he
came
back
________
we
knew
the
truth.
直到他回来我们才知道真相。
2．________
in
1990
________
he
returned
to
his
home.
正是在1990年他才回到家。
3．Not
until
last
week
________
the
lost
bike.
直到上个星期他们才找到丢失的自行车。
【答案】 1.It
was
not
until；that 2.It
was；that
3．did
they
find
However，in
1887
Emile
Berliner，a
German
living
in
the
USA，invented
a
record
player
that
used
discs
as
alternatives
to
tubes，and
so
the
modern
record
player
was
born.
【分析】 这是一个并列复合句。在第一个分句中，a
German
living
in
the
USA作Emile
Berliner的同位语，living
in
the
USA又作定语，修饰a
German，that
used
discs
as
alternatives
to
tubes是定语从句，修饰先行词a
record
player。
【翻译】
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 然而在1887年，埃米尔·贝利纳，一位居住在美国的德国人，发明了使用唱片来代替圆管的留声机，于是现代留声机诞生了。单元尾
核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．____________adv.最后，终于→____________
adj.最后的，最终发生的
2．____________adj.显然的，显而易见的→____________
adv.明显地，显而易见地
3．____________n．翻译；转化→____________
vt.&vi.翻译；转化为→____________
n．翻译(者)，译员
4．____________vt.制造；修筑，建造→____________n．建筑；建设→____________n．建筑者，建造者→____________adj.建设性的，积极的
5．____________adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的→__________n．(接近或进入某地的)方法；通路；(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利
6．____________vt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→____________n．分布；分配；分发
7．____________n．适应；改编本，改写本→____________v．改编，改写；适应
8．____________adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的→____________adv.随便地；漫不经心地
9．____________adj.合适的，适当的→____________v．适合于；合(某人的)心意
10．____________adj.宗教的，宗教信仰的；笃信宗教的，虔诚的→____________n．宗教
【答案】 1.eventually；eventual 2.obvious；obviously
3.translation;
translate；translator
4．construct；construction；constructor；constructive
5．accessible；access 6.distribute；distribution
7．adaptation；adapt 8.casual；casually 9.suitable；suit 10.religious；religion
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．____________
in
touch
with
与……保持联系
____________
in
touch
with
和……取得联系
____________
touch
with
和……失去联系
2．contribute
____________
有利于，促进
make
____________
to...
对……做出贡献
3．be
accessible
____________
可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
get/have
____________
to
得以接近/进入/使用
4．be
absorbed
____________
全神贯注于
focus
____________
全神贯注于，集中于
5．rid...____________
摆脱，除去
be
rid
____________
摆脱
get
rid
____________
摆脱；丢弃；扔掉
【答案】 1.keep；get；lose 2.to；a
contribution/contributions 3.to；access 4.in；on 5.of；of；of
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．John
Logie
Baird
constructed
the
first
colour
TV
in
1928,
but
____________
(但直到1938年)the
first
colour
TV
programme
was
broadcast.
2．____________(然而二十多年后),
though,
until
1951,
for
regular
colour
TV
broadcasts
____________(开始)in
the
USA.
3．Satellites
allow
TV
to
be
broadcast
live
over
vast
distances,
____________(每个人在同一时间收到)
the
same
broadcast
at
the
same
time.
4．I
was
at
the
dentist's
last
Sunday
to
____________(检查牙齿)．
5．______________
(并不是所有的一切)that
you
hear
is
very
important.
【答案】 1.it
was
not
until
1938
that 2.It
took
more
than
two
decades；to
begin 3.with
everyone
receiving 4.have
my
teeth
checked
5．Not
everything
Ⅳ.回顾话题
用本单元的词汇或句式完成下列写作任务
有了移动电话，无论我们在哪儿，都可以和别人保持联系。但它有一些明显的缺点。例如，大多数情况下，手机的辐射对我们的健康是有害的。因此，一些人拒绝使用手机。对我个人而言，我不反对使用手机，而且，我认为手机携带起来很轻便，用手机发短信也很方便。
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
With
mobile
phones,
we
can
keep
in
touch
with
others
wherever
we
are.But
there
are
also
some
obvious
drawbacks
of
the
mobile
phones.For
example,
under
most
circumstances，the
radiation
is
harmful
to
our
health,
as
a
result
of
which
some
people
reject
using
them.As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
don't
oppose
using
mobile
phones,
what's
more,
I
think
mobile
phones
are
portable
and
it
is
convenient
to
send
text
messages
by
them.Unit
1 Living
with
technology
人类文明受技术的影响从未像今天这样强烈，卫星、克隆和互联网都是很好的例子。当然，技术也带来了一些新的问题，关键要控制的问题是让技术通过自身发展克服它们。
Technology
Creates
or
Solves
Problems
It
seems
that
human
civilization
has
never
been
as
fueled
by
technology
as
it
is
today.Satellites,
Cloning
and
Internet
are
all
examples
of
technology
that
has
reshaped
our
life
to
an
unprecedented(前所未有的，空前的)
degree.What
matters
most
nowadays
is
that
the
power
of
technology
must
be
ensured
to
overshadow(遮挡)
the
curses
it
brings
about.
It
must
be
pointed
out
that
techno
logy
can
aggravate(加重，恶化)
existing
problems
that
are
far
from
its
original
target.Atomic
energy
is
just
the
case
in
point.Although
its
researches
have
a
view
of
optimizing
the
current
energy
sources,
atomic
technology
is
repeatedly
employed
to
manufacture
deadly
weapons
for
the
purpose
of
deterring(制止，吓住)
or
even
destroying
other
countries.
Technology
can
also
create
new
problems
without
alleviating(缓解)
the
previous
ones.There
is
no
better
example
than
the
automobile.Wasn't
it
the
inventor's
promise
that
automobiles
could
bring
speed
and
convenience
to
their
owners,
thus
surpassing
the
other
means
of
transportation
But
every
morning
at
rush
hours,
car
owners
enjoy
neither
speed
nor
convenience
from
car
ownership.Meanwhile
car
exhaust
remains
an
alarming
effect
on
our
environment.
Therefore,
technology
is
by
no
means
a
“cure all”
solution.Yet
there
is
no
need
to
use
the
above
reasons
as
excuses
to
stop
the
development
of
technology.The
key
is
to
control
the
problems
and
allow
the
technology
to
overcome
them
through
self advancement.
1．fuel
vt.
使恶化，使更强烈；(给车辆)加油，加燃料
2．bring
about
引起，导致，造成
3．surpass
vt.
超过；胜过
4．rush
hour
(上下班的)高峰时间，交通拥挤时间
5．exhaust
n.
(引擎排出的)废气
1．What
does
atomic
technology
bring
us
according
to
the
passage
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 It
can
let
people
make
full
use
of
the
current
energy
sources
but
it
also
helps
manufacture
deadly
weapons.
2．What
is
your
opinion
of
technology
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 Technology
can
not
only
bring
development
of
human
civilization
but
also
cause
problems.We
should
learn
how
to
control
and
solve
the
problems.
Section
Ⅰ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Preparing
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________n．
演变，发展；进化
2．________n.
原理，法则；道德原则，行为准则
3．________n.
无线电接收机；听筒，受话器；接受者
4．________vt.&
vi.
上发条；缠绕；蜿蜒，曲折
5．________vt.
制造；修筑，建造
6．________adj.
便携式的，轻便的
7．________adj.
数字信息系统的，数码的，数字式的
8．________n.
存储，储藏(空间)
9．________n.
专利权；专利证书
10．________vt.
播放，转播；接转，转发
n.
接力赛；中继设备
【答案】 1.evolution 2.principle 3.receiver
4．wind 5.construct 6.portable 7.digital
8．storage 9.patent 10.relay
看单词 学构词
后缀 er可构成名词，表示“人或物”。如stranger陌生人，foreigner外国人，farmer农场主，cooker炊具
typewriter打字机，washer洗衣机。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．________
the
last
few
decades在最近的几十年
2．keep
in
touch
________
与……保持联系
3．________
time
逐渐地；慢慢地
4．contribute
________
对……做出贡献；有助于
5．make
________
breakthrough
取得重大突破
6．benefit
________
受益于，从……中受益
7．wind
________
上发条
8．keep
pace
________
与……齐头并进；与……保持同步
9．rely
________
依靠
10．have
access
________
有使用……的权利(机会)
【答案】 1.in 2.with 3.over 4.to 5.a
6．from 7.up 8.with 9.on 10.to
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．Most
early
TV
broadcasts
were
made
using
a
system
________________
John
Logie
Baird
in
the
UK.
大部分早期的电视节目使用的是英国的约翰·洛吉·贝尔德开发的一种系统。
2．John
Logie
Baird
constructed
the
first
colour
TV
in
1928,
but
__________________
1938
________
the
first
colour
TV
programme
was
broadcast.
约翰·洛吉·贝尔德于1928年制造出第一台彩色电视机，但直到1938年第一个彩色电视节目才播出。
3．________________________，
though,
until
1951,
for
regular
colour
TV
broadcasts
________
in
the
USA.
然而，二十多年后，直到1951年，彩色电视节目才在美国定期播出。
4．Satellites
allow
TV
to
be
broadcast
live
over
vast
distances,
________________________
the
same
broadcast
at
the
same
time.
卫星可以长距离地现场直播电视节目，每个人在同一时间可以收到相同的节目。
5．Meanwhile,
electrical
components
eventually
became
__________________，
by
the
late
1960s,
portable
cassette
players
were
developed,
along
with
video
recorders
which
were
used
by
TV
stations.
与此同时，电子元件在最后变得如此小，以至于到了20世纪60年代晚期，研制出可以携带的盒式磁带，同时还有电台的录像机。
6．But
__________________
to
choose
good
programmes.
但选择好的节目由你自己决定。
【答案】 1.developed
by 2.it
was
not
until；that 3.It
took
more
than
two
decades；to
begin 4.with
everyone
receiving 5.so
small
that 6.it's
up
to
you
阅读P2～P3课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Regular
public
broadcasting
first
began________.
A．on
11
May
1928
in
Washington
and
on
29
August
1929
in
New
York
B．on
11
May
1928
in
Washington
and
on
29
August
1929
in
London
C．on
11
May
1928
in
London
and
on
20
August
1929
in
New
York
D．on
11
May
1928
in
New
York
and
on
20
August
1929
in
London
2．More
colour
TVs
than
black and white
TVs
were
being
used
in________.
A．1928
B．1972
C．1938
D．1967
3．Who
invented
a
record
player
that
used
discs
as
alternatives
to
tubes
A．John
Logie
Baird.
B．Thomas
Edison.
C．Emile
Berliner.
D．Philo
Farnsworth.
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
A．How
to
use
TV,
video
and
sound
devices.
B．The
evolution
of
video
and
sound
devices.
C．The
history
of
sound
devices.
D．The
history
of
TV.
5．What
are
CDs
often
used
for
A．Copying
sound.
B．Communication.
C．Storing
and
playing
music.
D．Broadcasting.
【答案】 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C
阅读P2～P3课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
The
first
public
TV
broadcasts
were
made
in
the
USA
in
1925.Many
different
people
contributed
1.________
the
development
of
TV.Most
early
TV
broadcasts
were
made
2.________
(use)a
system
developed
by
John
Logie
Baird
in
the
UK.3.________，his
system
was
very
primitive
and
had
many
drawbacks.Philo
Farnsworth
made
important
breakthroughs
in
the
development
of
TV
in
4.________
late
1920s
and
early
1930s.
John
Logie
Baird
5.________
(construct)the
first
colour
TV
in
1928.But
it
was
not
until
1951
6.________
regular
colour
TV
broadcasts
began
in
the
USA.Regular
colour
TV
beginning
broadcasts
7.________
(delay)in
the
UK
until
1967.
Satellites
were
used
to
broadcast
TV
beginning
in
1962.Satellites
allow
TV
8.________
(broadcast)live
over
vast
distances.They
also
make
TV
9.________
(access)to
people
living
far
away
from
cities，and
satellite
dishes
can
often
10.________
(see)distributed
throughout
the
countryside
and
remote
areas.
【答案】 1.to 2.using 3.However 4.the
5．constructed 6.that 7.were
delayed 8.to
be
broadcast 9.accessible 10.be
seenSection
Ⅱ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Language
points
drop
off中途下客或卸货；下降；打瞌睡
(教材P49)They
pick
up
and
drop
off
people
at
different
stops
on
the
route.
它们在沿途不同的站点上下客。
drop
in(on
sb./at
sp.)
顺便拜访某人/走访某地
drop
out
退学，辍学；退出，脱离
drop
away
离开；散去
drop
by
顺便来访
drop
behind
落在后面
①I
just
dropped
by
to
see
how
you
were
getting
on.
我只是顺道来看看你过得怎样。
②More
than
half
of
visitors
drop
in
at
the
page
because
they've
heard
about
it
from
friends.
超过一半的访问者都浏览了该网页，因为他们从朋友那里听说过。
convey
vt.运送，输送；表达
(教材P50)Horse drawn
buses,
trams,
cabs
and
carriages
were
used
to
convey
people
to
and
around
the
city
centre.
用马拉的公共汽车、有轮电车、出租车和四轮马车被用来送人们到市中心和周围地区。
convey
sb./sth.from
A
to
B 把某人或某物从A地送到B地
convey
sth.to
sb.
向某人表达……
convey
one's
feelings/ideas
表达感情/想法
①After
the
traffic
accident，her
mother
can't
convey
her
meanings
clearly.
交通事故后，她妈妈就不能清楚地表达自己的意思了。
②I
find
it
hard
to
convey
my
feelings
in
words
but
I
still
want
to
express
my
thanks.
我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情，但我仍然想表达我的感激之情。
③Your
luggage
will
be
conveyed
to
the
hotel
by
taxi.
你的行李将由出租车送到酒店。
[明辨异同] convey/transport
convey
表示“运送，表达”，指通过媒介传递、输送，也常用来表示传达信息、情感等。
transport
主要限指人或有形物体的运输，常指交通运输。
(convey，transport)
④Please
convey
my
apologies
to
your
wife.
⑤Most
of
our
luggage
was
transported
by
sea.
⑥Air
is
the
medium
by
which
sound
waves
are
conveyed
.
[图形助记]
巧记convey
运输 表达感情
unfortunately
adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地
(教材P50)Unfortunately,
the
number
of
vehicles
on
the
road
caused
unbelievable
traffic
jams,
and
the
roads
became
so
busy
that
no
one
could
travel
anywhere.不幸的是，路上车辆的数量造成了难以置信的交通堵塞，道路交通变得如此拥挤以至于任何地方都无人能够通行。
(1)unfortunate
adj.
不幸的，令人遗憾的
be
unfortunate
to
do
sth.
做某事很倒霉
It
is
unfortunate
that...
不幸的是……；可惜的是……
(2)fortunate
adj.
幸运的
(3)fortunately
adv.
幸运地
(4)fortune
n.
运气；大笔的钱
①He
was
unfortunate
to
lose
in
the
final
round.
他不幸在最后一轮输了。
②Unfortunately(fortunate)，she
missed
the
last
train.
真可惜，她错过了最后一班列车。
lead
to
导致；引起；通向
(教材P50)This
traffic
problem
led
to
the
development
of
the
underground
system.
这一交通问题导致了地铁系统的研发。
lead
sb.to...
带领某人去/到……
lead
sb.to
do
sth.
使某人做某事
①A
nurse
took
her
arm
and
led
her
to
a
chair.
有位护士搀扶她坐到椅子上。
②This
has
led
scientists
to_speculate(speculate)
on
the
existence
of
other
galaxies.
这就使得科学家推测还有其他星系存在。
[名师点津]
lead
to
作“导致；引起”讲时，表示因果关系，与result
in/
cause/
bring
about/
contribute
to意义相近，其中to为介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式。
postpone
vt.延迟，延期
(教材P50)However,
new
trains
had
to
be
developed
and
the
plan
required
raising
a
large
amount
of
money,
so
the
digging
was
postponed
until
1860.
然而，新火车需要研发，该计划需要筹集大笔资金，因此挖掘工作一直延迟到1860年。
postpone
sth.(to/until
...)
推迟某事(到……)
postpone
doing
sth.
推迟做某事
①The
match
had
to
be
postponed
until
next
week.
比赛不得不推迟到下周举行。
②It
was
an
unpopular
decision
to
postpone
building(build)
the
new
hospital.
延迟修建新医院的决定是不得人心的。
[名师点津]
表示“推迟，延迟”的postpone，delay，put
off后都跟名词、动名词作宾语，不接不定式。
[明辨异同] postpone/delay/put
off
postpone
主语通常是人，表示“有意识地延迟至将来某一特定的时间”
delay
常指因客观原因而不得不延迟，延迟的时间不确定
put
off
较口语化，强调拖延时间
(postpone，delay，put
off)
The
typhoon
③________
our
travel
to
Hainan
Island,
that
is
to
say,
we
had
to
④________
the
travel.After
discussion,
we
decided
to
⑤________
it
to
the
next
summer
holiday.
【答案】 ③delayed ④put
off ⑤postpone
link
up联合，连接
(教材P50)Sixteen
years
later,
in
1884,
the
Metropolitan
Railway
Company
and
the
Metropolitan
District
Railway
linked
up
and
provided
underground
service
in
the
middle
of
the
city.
十六年后的1884年，大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合，为城市中部地区提供地铁服务。
(1)link
up
with
与……联合，(使)与……连接
link...with/to...
将……和……联系或连接起来
(2)link
n.
链环，连接物，链接
vt.
连接，联合
vi.
连接起来
①The
links
between
water
and
human
health
are
powerful.
水和人体健康之间有着很大的联系。
②People
often
link
Chinese
Valentine's
Day
with
Niulang
and
Zhinv.
人们常把七夕节与牛郎织女联系起来。
③Some
birth
defects
are
linked
to
smoking
during
pregnancy.
有些先天性缺陷与孕期吸烟有关。
(教材P50)Because
of
the
smoke
from
the
steam
engines,
early
underground
lines
needed
large
holes
leading
to
the
surface
at
regular
intervals,_so
that
people
could
get
fresh
air
and
would
not
choke.
由于蒸汽机发出浓烟，早期的地铁线需要每隔一段距离挖一些通向地面的大洞，这样人们就能呼吸新鲜空气而不会窒息。
(1)interval
n．间隔，间隙
at
(...)
intervals
每隔……距离或时间；有时；间隔
at
regular
intervals
每隔一定时间
①The
trains
run
at
half hourly
intervals.
火车每半小时发出一班。
②Buses
to
the
city
leave
at
regular
intervals.
开往城里的公共汽车每隔一定时间发出一班。
(2)choke
vi.&vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞
n．哽咽声，呛住的声音
choke
on
sth.
被……噎住
choke
to
death
窒息死亡
choke
back
抑制，强忍住
choke
off
阻止，制止；限制
choke
up
因感情激动而哽咽
choke
with
阻塞；堵塞
choke
sth.up
with
sth.
塞满；堵塞
③Six
people
choked
to
death
on
the
fumes.
六人被烟呛死了。
④She
choked
up
when
she
began
to
talk
about
her
mother.
她开始谈起她母亲时，便哽咽的说不出话来。
⑤I
wonder
why
he
always
tries
to
choke
me
off
from
going
to
see
him.
我想知道为什么他总是不让我去看他。
function
as
起……作用，作……用(＝
serve
as)
(教材P51)When
London
was
bombed,
many
underground
stations
functioned
as
bomb
shelters.
当伦敦被炸弹炸了之后，许多地铁站被用作避难所。
(1)function
vi.
起作用；正常工作；运转
n.
(事物的)功能；作用；(人的)职责
function
key
功能键
function
word
功能词
(2)functional
adj.
功能的；实用的；起作用的
functional
food
功能性食品
①Despite
the
power
cuts,
the
hospital
continued
to
function
normally.
尽管供电中断，医院继续照常运作。
②The
office
was
large
and
functional(function)．
这间办公室既大又有多种用途。
③In
your
new
job
you
will
perform
a
variety
of
functions(function)．
在你的新工作中你将会去行使很多职责。
enlarge
vt.&
vi.扩大，扩展，增大；放大(照片)
(教材P51)After
World
War
Ⅱ
ended
in
1945,
more
people
travelled
on
the
underground,
so
the
system
was
enlarged
and
more
lines
were
added,
including
the
Victoria
Line,
which
was
linked
with
other
lines
at
almost
every
station.
1945年第二次世界大战结束之后，更多的人乘坐地铁；因此地铁系统扩大，增加了更多的线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它几乎在每一个地铁站都与其他线路连接。
enlarge
the
photograph/picture
放大照片
enlarge
one's
vocabulary
扩大词汇量
enlarge
one's
horizon
扩大视野
enlarge
on/upon
详述
①Reading
will
enlarge
your
vocabulary.
阅读能扩大词汇量。
②He
refused
to
enlarge
on
his
reasons
for
leaving
his
job.
他拒绝详细说明他辞职的原因。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．He
finished
the
work
with
an
________
speed，so
I
wonder
how
he
can
make
people
________
his
ability.(believe)
2．A
________
encounter
brought
us
together.________，he
was
killed
in
an
accident.(fortune)
3．Thanks
to
________，we
can
learn
a
great
deal
about
________.(architect)
4．Last
year，China's
foreign
trade
________
by
12.1%，and
the
annual
export
________
rate
reached
as
high
as
20.9%.(grow)
5．The
________
of
________
grammar
is
to
analyses
how
language
is
used
to
communicate.(function)
【答案】 1.unbelievable；believe 2.fortunate；Unfortunately 3.architects；architecture 4.grew；growth 5.function；functional
Ⅱ.选词填空
beneath
the
surface
of；under
the
authority
of；lead
to；accelerate
the
pace
of；function
as
1．Too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
________
illness.
2．They
put
on
special
suit
and
then
dived
into
the
sea
to
explore
the
wonderful
world
________
the
water.
3．With
more
advanced
technologies，they
________
their
construction.
4．The
attack
took
place
________
the
UN
Security
Council.
5．Do
you
know
that
the
London
Underground
ever
________
bomb
shelters
during
the
Second
World
War
【答案】 1.leads
to 2.beneath
the
surface
of
3．accelerated
the
pace
of 4.under
the
authority
of
5．functioned
as
(教材P51)So,
why_not_take
a
trip
on
the
oldest
underground
system
today
那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？
【句式分析】 “Why
not＋动词原形？”表示向对方提出建议，意为“为什么不/何不……呢？”。
(1)Why
not
do...？＝Why
don't
you
do...？表示提出建议或劝告。
(2)表示建议、劝告的句型还有：
What/How
about...？
……怎么样？
I
suggest
that
sb.(should)
do
sth.
我建议某人做某事。
You'd
better
(not)
do
...
你最好(不)做……
(3)Why
not？有两层含义：一则表示对对方的说法进行反问“为什么不……呢”；二则表示乐意接受对方的邀请，意为“当然；好啊”。
①Why
don't
you
go
to
see
the
film
你为什么不去看那部电影呢？
②—Let's
go
for
a
walk.
——咱们去散步吧。
—Why
not
——好啊。
[名师点津]
Why
do
...？常用来表示责问，意为“为什么做……？”。
(教材P52)What_was
the
London
Underground
like
in
1863
1863年伦敦的地铁状况怎么样？
【句式分析】 What
is/was
sth./sb.like
意为“某物/某人是什么样子？”可以用来询问天气情况、人的外貌或品质、事物的性质、质量、特征等，有时候要求对事物做详细的描述。
(1)What
is
sb.like
可以用来询问一个人的外貌特征、个性、品质；
(2)What
does
sb.look
like
只能询问一个人的外貌；
(3)How
do
you
like/find＋宾语？
＝What
do
you
think
of＋宾语？
意为“你觉得……怎么样？”。
①—What
is
your
girlfriend
like
——你女朋友长得怎么样？
—She
is
tall
and
pretty.
——她很高、很漂亮。
②—What
does
the
baby
look
like
——那个婴儿长得怎么样？
—He
looks
like
his
father.
——他长得像他爸。
③What
do
you
think
of
this
film
你觉得这部电影怎么样？
翻译句子
1．为什么不马上做呢？
_____________________________________________________________
2．明天天气怎样？
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.Why
not
do
it
right
now？/
Why
don't
you
do
it
right
now？ 2.What
will
be
the
weather
like
tomorrow
After
World
War
Ⅱ
ended
in
1945，more
people
travelled
on
the
underground，so
the
system
was
enlarged
and
more
lines
were
added，including
the
Victoria
Line，which
was
linked
with
other
lines
at
almost
every
station.
【分析】 这是一个并列复合句，由并列连词so连接。在第一个复合句中，“After
World
War
Ⅱ
ended
in
1945”为时间状语从句；在第二个复合句中“which
was
linked...”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the
Victoria
Line。
【翻译】
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1945年第二次世界大战结束之后，更多的人乘坐地铁；因此地铁系统扩大，增加了更多的线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它几乎在每一个地铁站都与其他线路连接。Unit
2 Fit
for
life
我们都想有一个健康的生活方式，但是日常生活中的一些小细节却使我们的生活变得不那么健康了。
Is
your
lifestyle
healthy
There
may
be
many
little
and
common
habits
that
can
endanger
your
daily
life.Do
you
have
the
following
unhealthy
life
habits
Lying
Whether
you're
praising
your
best
friend's
unflattering(有损形象的，不敢恭维的)
hairstyle
or
“improving”
on
the
cost
of
your
new
designer
shoes,
you
tell
small
lies
from
time
to
time.However,
according
to
research,
those
little
white
lies
could
be
more
harmful
than
you
think.
Lying
can
produce
feelings
of
stress
which
are
damaging
your
health，and
a
study
by
researchers
at
the
University
of
Notre
Dame
found
that
when
people
reduced
the
amount
of
lies
they
told,
they
suffered
from
less
headaches，sore
throats
and
anxiety.
Eating
at
your
desk
If
you're
having
a
busy
day
in
work,
it
can
be
tempting
to
skip(跳过，不做)your
lunch
break
and
eat
at
your
desk.However，missing
out
on
breaks
is
not
only
bad
for
your
stress
levels，eating
when
distracted(分心)
may
also
mean
you
are
more
likely
to
overeat.Furthermore，spending
your
lunch
hour
at
your
desk
can
lengthen
the
time
you
are
physically
inactive
and
also
expose
you
to
harmful
bacteria.
According
to
a
study
by
the
University
of
Arizona,
your
work
station
contains
nearly
400
times
more
germs
than
the
average
toilet
seat，making
it
a
less
than
ideal
place
for
dining.
Using
cash
machines
Withdrawing
money
from
ATM
machines
is
a
common
habit
for
most
of
us.However,
cleanliness
tests
in
Britain
have
revealed
that
cash
machines
are
just
as
dirty
as
public
toilets，and
many
of
us
are
failing
to
wash
our
hands
after
using
them.Experts
assessed
swabs(药棉棒)
from
the
key
pads
on
cash
machines
and
also
from
nearby
public
toilets
and
found
that
they
both
contained
the
same
types
of
bacteria
known
to
cause
sickness.To
look
after
your
healthy,
use
an
antibacterial
hand
solution
once
you
have
made
your
withdrawal
and
after
handling
money.
1．endanger
vt.
危及；使遭到危险
2．suffer
from
遭受；忍受
3．expose
vt.
暴露，使接触
4．withdraw
vt.&
vi.
提取(存款)；撤退；收回
5．assess
vt.
评估；评定
1．What
do
you
think
of
a
white
lie
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．What
should
we
do
after
the
withdrawal
from
the
ATM
machine
according
to
the
passage
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.I
think
a
white
lie
can
be
more
harmful
than
we
think. 2.We'd
better
wash
our
hands
with
the
antibacterial
hand
solution
in
time.
Section
Ⅰ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading－Preparing
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
n．
药剂师，药商；化学家
2．________
vt.
拥有，具有；支配，控制
3．________
adj.
对……极重要的，必不可少的；致命的
4．________
n.
可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能
adj.
潜在的，可能的
5．________
n.
柜台；计数器；反驳
vt.
反驳；抵制，抵消
6．________
adj.
不正常的，反常的
7．________
adj.
有益的，有用的
8．________
adj.
有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的
9．________
vt.&
vi.
(使)加速，加快
10．________
vt.
使十分惊讶，使吃惊
11．________
n.
应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷
12．________
n.
批准，通过；赞成，同意
【答案】 1.chemist 2.possess 3.vital
4．potential 5.counter 6.abnormal 7.beneficial
8．effective 9.accelerate 10.astonish
11．application 12.approval
看单词 学构词
前缀
un 常构成形容词、副词和名词。如unafraid不害怕，unconsciously无意识地，untruth谬误。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．focus
________
集中于
2．open
________
打开；开拓；开业
3．________
the
form
of
以……形式
4．carry
________
执行，实施
5．try
________
测试，试验；参加选拔
6．________
large
quantities
大量地
7．pick
____________
挑选
8．be
related
____________
和……有关系，
和……有联系
9．figure
____________
弄懂，计算出
10．____________
accident
意外地
【答案】 1.on 2.up 3.in 4.out 5.out 6.in 7.out 8.to 9.out 10.by
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．Have
you
ever
seen
a
doctor？________，
what
happened
你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
2．If
you
open
up
any
medicine
cupboard
or
go
to
any
medicine
counter
in
the
world,
________
you
will
find
aspirin
and
penicillin.
倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一个药品柜台，都很可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。
3．________
in
1897
________
a
European
chemist
called
Dr
Felix
Hoffmann
produced
aspirin
from
this
chemical.
正是在1897年，一位名叫菲利克斯·霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师从这种化学物质中提取了阿司匹林。
4．________
has
aspirin
proved
vital
for
reducing
fever
and
helping
stop
pain,
________
there
are
________
other
things
that
aspirin
can
help
with.
阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。
5．If
penicillin
________
available,
many
people
________
from
sickness
or
even
small
wounds.
如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至很小的伤口。
6．However,
these
traditional
medicines
had
the
potential
of
either
causing
people
to
bleed
or
have
a
severe
stomach
upset,
or
they
were
________
weak
________
be
effective.
然而，这些传统药物有可能让人出血或引起严重的胃部不适，或者药力太弱以至于发挥不了作用。
7．For
example,
Alexander
Fleming
was
________
looking
for
penicillin,
________
was
doing
research
on
something
else.
例如，亚历山大·弗莱明并没有在寻找青霉素，而是在其他事物上面做研究。
8．Since
it
was
abnormal
for
mould
to
be
in
that
lab
dish,
something
________
wrong.
对于在实验室那个碟子里的霉菌来说是不正常的，所以一定是某些东西变质了。
【答案】 1.If
so 2.it
is
likely
that 3.It
was；that
4．Not
only；but；also 5.had
not
been；would
have
died
6.too；to 7.not；but 8.must
have
gone
阅读P18～P19课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．In________，
aspirin
was
sold
in
powder
form
to
physicians
to
use
with
patients.
A．1897
B．1899
C．1900
D．1950
2．Who
is
an
American
A．Dr.Thun.
B．Smith.
C．Alexander
Fleming.
D．Howard
Florey.
3．Who
found
penicillin
A．Dr.Thun.
B．Alexander
Fleming.
C．Howard
Florey.
D．Ernst
Chain.
4．Why
did
penicillin
become
the
greatest
drug
of
the
20th
century
A．Because
it
was
found
in
the
20th
century.
B．Because
it
was
found
by
an
Australian
scientist.
C．Because
it
once
made
three
people
get
the
Nobel
Prize.
D．Because
it
saved
millions
of
lives.
5．The
author
holds
a(n)________
attitude
towards
the
use
of
the
two
drugs.
A．objective
B．concerned
C．supportive
D．persuasive
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
阅读P18～P19课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
If
you
open
up
any
medicine
cupboard
or
go
to
any
medicine
counter
in
the
world，it
is
likely
1.________you
will
find
aspirin
and
penicillin.
Aspirin
2.________(invent)in
1897.The
first
trials
of
this
medicine
took
place
in
1899.In
1900
aspirin
was
sold
in
shops
in
3.________form
of
tablets.Not
only
has
aspirin
proved
vital
for
4.________(reduce)
fever
and
helping
stop
pain，but
there
are
also
other
things
that
aspirin
can
help
5.________.
In
1977
a
study
carried
out
in
the
USA
showed
that
aspirin
could
prevent
strokes.
Another
drug
that
has
helped
increase
the
standard
of
people's
6.________(healthy)
is
penicillin.It
was
discovered
by
a
Scottish
scientist
7.________(name)Fleming
in
1928.In
1940，two
other
scientists
managed
8.________(make)
and
test
the
new
drug
in
large
9.________(quantity)．Due
to
the
widespread
use
of
penicillin，many
lives
were
saved
during
World
War
Ⅱ.Penicillin
became
the
10.________(great)
drug
of
the
20th
century，saving
millions
of
lives.
【答案】 1.that 2.was
invented 3.the
4．reducing 5.with 6.health 7.named
8．to
make 9.quantities 10.greatestSection
Ⅳ Task
&
Project
根据提示写出下列单词
1．________
adj.
电子的
2．________
n.
翻译；转化
3．________
n.
习语，成语，惯用语
4．________
vt.&
vi.
浏览，粗略地读；审视，端详；扫描
5．________
adj.
亲密的，紧密的；紧的；紧身的；严密的
6．________
vt.
反对，抵制，阻挠；与……竞争
7．________
adj.
符合逻辑的，合理的，有根据的；
(法律上)有效的
8．________
vt.&vi.
拨(电话号码)，打电话
9．________
vt.
牺牲，献出
n.
牺牲，舍弃；祭品
10．________
vt.
摆脱；去除；丢弃
11．________
adj.
合适的，适当的
12．________
vt.
拒绝，拒收；不予考虑，不予录用
【答案】 1.electronic 2.translation 3.idiom
4．scan 5.tight 6.oppose 7.valid 8.dial
9．sacrifice 10.rid 11.suitable 12.reject
看单词 学构词
后缀 ion可构成名词，表示“状态”。如pollution污染，hesitation犹豫。
根据提示补全下列短语
1．________
truth
说实话
2．vote
________
就……表决
3．be
convenient
________
便于……，对……方便
4．face
________
face
面对面地
5．be
absorbed
________
专心于，全神贯注于
6．________
some
reason
出于某种原因
7．focus
________
集中于
8．rather
________
而不是
9．________
good
measure
额外
10．rid...
________
使……免除，使……摆脱
【答案】 1.in 2.on 3.for 4.to 5.in 6.for 7.on 8.than 9.for 10.of
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．In
other
words,
the
model
with
a
camera
costs
__________________
the
older
model.
换句话说，带相机的机型价格是旧机型的两倍。
2．For
example,
____________________________，when
the
phone
rings,
everything
stops
so
that
the
call
can
be
answered.
例如，无论在什么情况下，当电话铃声响起时，为了接电话，一切都得停下来。
3．______________
later
what
the
call
was
about,
your
friend
always
answers,
“Oh，nothing
really.”
当后来问起那个电话的内容时，你朋友总是回答“哦，其实也没什么事。”
4．If
the
call
was
really
about
“nothing”，
then
why
was
it
________
important
________
interrupt
your
conversation
and
waste
your
precious
time
如果(打)电话真是“没什么事”，那么为什么它如此重要以至于打断你们的谈话并浪费你们宝贵的时间呢？
5．________
these
messages
always
seem
important
at
the
time,
most
people
cannot
really
remember
them
the
next
day.尽管这些短信当时似乎总是很重要，但大部分人第二天就不太记得短信的内容了。
【答案】 1.twice
as
much
as 2.no
matter
what
the
circumstances 3.When
asked 4.so；as
to 5.While
阅读P14～P15课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Who
are
the
Amish
A．People
who
are
scientists.
B．People
who
are
reporters.
C．People
who
are
salespersons.
D．A
Christian
group.
2．Why
do
the
Amish
refuse
phones
A．They
like
face to face
talks.
B．Phones
are
bad
tools.
C．They
think
close
talks
are
more
important
than
communicating
by
phone.
D．They
dislike
dealing
with
strangers.
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
A．Girls
like
to
send
more
text
messages
than
boys.
B．The
author
doesn't
like
telephones
either.
C．If
you
use
a
telephone,
you
will
make
a
lot
of
true
friends.
D．The
Amish
are
fond
of
communicating
with
strangers.
4．What's
the
purpose
of
the
passage
A．To
help
us
know
more
about
the
Amish.
B．To
advise
us
against
buying
phones.
C．To
provide
us
with
some
scientific
findings.
D．To
let
us
know
the
disadvantages
of
using
phones.
【答案】 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.D
阅读P14～P15课文，判断正误(T/F)
1．The
Amish
do
not
have
personal
telephones
because
they
value
seeing
each
other
face
to
face.( )
2．The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
let
us
know
the
disadvantages
of
using
phones.( )
3．According
to
the
text,
the
Amish
are
fond
of
communicating
with
strangers.( )
【答案】 1.T 2.T 3.F
twice
as
much
as...是……的两倍
(教材P12)In
other
words,
the
model
with
a
camera
costs
twice
as
much
as
the
older
model.
换句话说，带相机的机型价格是旧机型的两倍。
表示倍数的常见结构有：
(1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
(2)倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than
(3)倍数＋the＋性质名词(如：size，length，width，depth，etc.)＋of
(4)倍数＋what从句
①The
factory
has
produced
three
times
as
many
cars
this
year
as
it
did
last
year.
这个工厂今年生产的小汽车数量是去年的三倍。
②The
production
this
year
is
three
times
what
it
was
last
year.
今年的产量是去年的三倍。
③This
street
is
four
times
the
length
(long)of
that
one.
这条街是那条街的四倍长。
vote
vi.&
vt.投票，选举，表决
n．选票；选举，表决
(教材P14)They
then
vote
on
whether
they
will
accept
it.
然后他们投票决定是否接受它。
(1)vote
on(＝take/have
a
vote
on) 对……投票表决
vote
for/against
投票支持/反对
vote
to
do...
表决通过要做……
(2)take/have
a
vote
on
投票表决
cast
a
vote
投票
put
sth.to
the
vote
把某事诉诸表决
①Lots
of
people
had
no
right
to
vote
at
that
time.
那时许多人没有选举权。
②We'll
listen
to
the
arguments
on
both
sides
and
then
vote
on
it.
我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。
③I
wanted
to
know
whether
he
voted
for
or
against
her.
我想知道他是投了她的赞成票还是反对票。
reject
vt.拒绝，拒收；不予考虑，不予录用
(教材P14)The
Amish
reject
cars
because
they
like
having
tight
communities
where
everyone
lives
close
together.阿曼门诺派教徒拒绝汽车是因为他们喜欢生活在关系很亲密的社区里，在那里所有人住得很近。
(1)reject
an
argument/a
claim/a
decision/an
offer/a
suggestion 拒绝接受一个论点/一项要求/一个决定/一项提议/一条建议
reject
doing
sth.
拒绝做某事
(2)rejection
n.
拒绝；冷落
①I
made
it
clear
to
him
that
I
rejected
his
suggestion.
我清楚地告诉他，我拒绝了他的建议。
②She
rejected
telling(tell)
us
the
truth.
她拒绝对我们讲实情。
[明辨异同] reject/refuse/decline/deny
reject
强调拒不接受或拒不考虑没有价值或不合标准的意见、计划、请求等；也可表示拒绝相信，摒弃、厌弃。其后跟名词或代词作宾语，但不能跟不定式。
refuse
表示坚决甚至无礼貌地拒绝接受某物或做某事。此外，作及物动词时，可表示拒绝给予，后可跟不定式作宾语。
decline
指有礼貌地拒绝，或婉言谢绝邀请、建议、帮助等。其后可跟名词、代词或不定式作宾语。
deny
否认，拒绝承认或相信某个事实。其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
(reject，refuse，decline，deny)
③She
____________
to
have
lunch
with
her
friend,
saying
that
she
wasn't
feeling
well.
④The
idea
that
the
earth
is
flat
was
____________
centuries
ago.
⑤He
____________
having
seen
these
watches
before.
⑥I
wonder
why
he____________to
discuss
the
problem
at
the
meeting.
【答案】 ③declined ④rejected ⑤denied ⑥refused
oppose
vt.反对，抵制，阻挠；与……竞争
(教材P14)Since
the
Amish
value
seeing
each
other
face
to
face,
they
oppose
having
telephones
in
their
houses.因为阿曼门诺派教徒重视彼此面对面交流，所以他们反对在住宅里装电话。
(1)oppose
(doing)
sth./sb.doing
sth. 反对(做)某事/某人做某事
(2)opposed
adj.
反对的；相对的
be
opposed
to...
反对……；与……对立
①I
oppose
you
going
there
alone.
我反对你单独去那里。
②It
seems
that
she
is
opposed
to
your
going
abroad.
好像她反对你出国。
circumstance
n．条件，环境，状况(常用复数)
(教材P14)For
example，no
matter
what
the
circums tances，when
the
phone
rings，everything
stops
so
that
the
call
can
be
answered.
例如，无论在什么情况下，当电话铃声响起时，为了接电话，一切都得停下来。
in/under
...circumstances
在……情况下
in/under
no
circumstances
决不，在任何情况下都不
①In/Under
the
circumstances
he
felt
unable
to
accept
the
job.
在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。
②Under
no
circumstances
will
you
be_given(give)
a
second
chance.
无论如何也不可能再给你第二次机会了。
[名师点津]
in/under
no
circumstances位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，用法类似的常用词组还有：in
no
case，at
no
time，by
no
means，in
no
way，on
no
account，on
no
condition。
typical
adj.平常的；典型的，有代表性的；特有的
(教材P15)For
some
reason,
a
typical
mobile
phone
call
is
nearly
always
given
greater
importance
than
a
face to face
conversation.
由于某种原因，一个平常的手机电话受到的重视程度几乎总是高于面对面的交流。
(1)be
typical
of...
典型的……；有代表性的……
It's
typical
of
sb.to
do
sth.
某人做某事一向如此
(2)typically
adv.
典型地，有代表性地
①Which
of
the
following
is
typical
of
offensive
anger
下列哪个是典型的进攻性的愤怒？
②It
is
typical
of
my
grandpa
to_forget(forget)
things.
我爷爷一向很健忘。
③Typically
(typical)，he
is
ready
to
help
others.
他一向乐于助人。
rather
than而不是
(教材P15)The
use
of
technology
for
communication
rather
than
talking
face
to
face
is
one
reason
why
this
is
true.
使用技术来进行交流而不是面对面地交谈是这种情况真实的一个原因。
rather
than意为“而不是，而非”，在句中连接并列成分，并列成分可以是名词、代词、动词、介词短语、动名词或不定式，但要注意以下两点：
(1)连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语与rather
than前的成分在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)连接并列的不定式时，其后的不定式可省略to，但rather
than位于句首时必须去掉to。
(3)常考搭配：“宁愿做……而不愿做……”would
do...rather
than
do.../would
rather
do...than
do.../prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...
(4)or
rather
更确切地说
other
than
除了……
①Helen,
rather
than
Jane
and
John,
is
responsible
for
the
loss.
损失的责任应该由海伦而不是简和约翰来承担。
②She
worked
as
a
secretary,
or
rather,
a
personal
assistant.
她做秘书工作，更确切地说，是私人助理。
③I
would
rather
stay
at
home
than
go
(go)
to
the
cinema
on
Sundays.
周日我宁愿待在家里，也不愿去看电影。
sacrifice
vt.牺牲，献出n.牺牲，舍弃；祭品
(教材P15)Meanwhile,
real
relationships
are
often
sacrificed,
and
whatever
personal
peace
one
has
is
destroyed
whenever
the
phone
rings.
同时，真正的关系往往被牺牲了，每当电话铃声响起时，个人拥有的任何宁静都会被打破。
(1)sacrifice
sth.for
sb./sth.
为……牺牲……
sacrifice
one's
life/health
to
do
sth.
牺牲某人的生命/健康来做某事
(2)make
sacrifices
for...
为……做出牺牲
offer
a
sacrifice/sacrifices
to...
向……献祭
①A
mother
will
sacrifice
her
life
for
her
children.
为了孩子，一个母亲可以献出她自己的生命。
②The
young
man
sacrificed
his
life
to_save(save)
the
child
from
the
river.
这个年轻人为了救溺水的孩子牺牲了自己的生命。
③She
made
sacrifices
for
bringing
(bring)up
her
children.
为了抚养孩子，她做出了牺牲。
rid...of...使……免除；使……摆脱
(教材P15)Maybe
we
should
rid
ourselves
of
modern
technology
and
return
to
simpler
times.
也许我们应该摆脱现代技术，回归更为简单的时代。
(1)rid
oneself
of...
摆脱，从……中解脱
(2)be
rid
of
摆脱
get
rid
of
摆脱；丢弃；扔掉
①I
was
glad
to
be
rid
of
the
car
when
I
finally
sold
it.
把车卖掉时，我很庆幸终于脱手了。
②It's
time
we
got
rid
of
all
these
old
toys.
我们该把这些旧玩具全部丢掉了。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．A
________
shouldn't
introduce
his
own
opinions
into
what
he's
________.(translate)
2．I
would
________
changing
the
law.Our
views
are
________
on
this
issue.(oppose)
3．Try
this
red
Tang
________.It
is
________
for
you.(suit)
4．________
books
and
magazines
are
published
by
various
________.(religion)
5．Some
would
________
every
philosophy，but
that
________
itself
is
a
philosophy.(reject)
【答案】 1.translator；translating 2.oppose；opposed 3.suit；suitable 4.Religious；religions 5.reject；rejection
Ⅱ.选词填空
above
all；in
particular；adjust
to；answer
for；in
general；for
good
measure；be
absorbed
in；in
truth
1．The
former
soldiers
have
difficulty
in
________________civilian
life.
2．We
can't
________________
his
actions.
3．________________，make
sure
the
people's
salary
gets
raised.
4．Use
50g
of
rice
per
person
and
an
extra
spoonful
________________.
5．He
loves
science
fiction
________________.
【答案】 1.adjusting
to 2.answer
for 3.Above
all 4.for
good
measure 5.in
particular
(教材P15)When
asked
later
what
the
call
was
about,
your
friend
always
answers,
“Oh,
nothing
really.”当后来问起那个电话的内容时，你朋友总是回答“哦，其实也没什么事。”
【要点提炼】 When
asked...是状语从句的省略结构，其完整形式应为“When
he/she
is
asked...”。
当时间、地点、让步、条件、方式等状语从句与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，谓语动词中含有动词be时，可以把从句的主语和动词be一起省略。
①Any
mistake,
once
(it
is)found,
must
be
corrected.
一旦发现任何错误，就必须加以改正。
②You
should
stay
where
you
are,
unless(you
are)asked(ask)
to
leave.
你应该待在你现在所在的地方不动，除非让你离开。
(教材P15)While
these
messages
always
seem
important
at
the
time,
most
people
cannot
really
remember
them
the
next
day.尽管这些短信当时似乎总是很重要，但大部分人第二天就不太记得短信的内容了。
【要点提炼】 此处while用作从属连词，意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。从句常位于主句前。
It
found
only
that
while
sushi
may
be
touted
as
a
diet
option,
only
29
per
cent
of
people
in
Japan
say
they
eat
healthy
food.
调查发现，尽管寿司被吹捧说可以被当作减肥餐吃，但仅有29%的日本人声称自己饮食健康。
(1)while用作从属连词，意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语须用延续性动词。
(2)while用作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示前后情况的对比。
①Why
do
Americans
struggle
with
watching
their
weight,
while
the
French,
who
consume
rich
food,
continue
to
stay
thin
为什么美国人努力关注自己的体重，而法国人，他们吃丰盛的食物，却能继续保持苗条的身材？
②The
telephone
rang
while
I
was
in
the
garden.
我在花园时电话铃响了。
句型转换
1．When
necessary,
we'll
give
you
a
hand.
→When
____________
necessary,
we'll
give
you
a
hand.
2．If
I
am
given
another
chance,
I
will
do
it
much
better.
→________
another
chance,
I
will
do
it
much
better.
【答案】 1.it
is 2.If
given
如何写提建议方面的电子邮件
提出建议的邮件就是作者就有关问题进行分析并提出自己建议的邮件。建议邮件的格式、写法与普通邮件的写法相同：主要由称呼、正文和落款三部分构成。
1．称呼(Saluation)
邮件一般使用非正式文体，因此正文前的称呼通常无须使用诸如“Dear
Mr.John”之类的表达。在同辈的亲朋好友或同事间可以直呼其名，但对长辈或上级最好使用头衔加上姓。如：Tommy，或者Mr.Smith。若不能确定收件人是哪一位，可用这样的表达，如：“Dear
Madam
or
Sir或To
whom
it
may
concern”等
2．正文(Body)
提出建议的邮件的正文一般采取“三段式结构”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to
begin
with，then，later等依次陈述建议。
首段：对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，或者表明自己的诚意。
中段：围绕所发现的问题，用委婉客观的语言提出自己的建议、方法，注意要充分考虑到对方的实际问题表达时应选择得体的语言，切忌语言生硬刻板。陈述信息时要清晰明了，不要引起对方的困惑。
末段：简单提出自己的希望，希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。
3．签名(Signature)
签名通常是寄件者在信函的结尾处写上自己的姓名。
[亮点句式]
1．I
would
like
to
suggest
that...
2．I
am
writing
to
express
my
views
concerning...
3．I'm
writing
to
persuade
you
to...
4．First
of
all
I
think
it
would
be
better
if...
5．Here
I'd
like
to
give
my
advice
on.../I
would
like
to
suggest
that...
6．If
I
were
you，I
would...
7．I
believe
you
will
take
my
advice
into
account.
8．I
hope
you
will
find
these
proposals/suggestions
practical/useful/helpful.
9．Please
take
my
advice
into
consideration
and
make
a
final
decision.
10．I
will
be
more
than
happy
to
see
improvements
in
this
regard.
[写作任务]
最近，某知名英语学习网站就网站的使用性能、信息面等问题向用户征求改进意见。假定你是张明，请你根据表格中的提示，用约100个单词将你的问题和意见以电子邮件的形式提交给该网站。
发现的问题
网上信息更新不是很快；网页形式不够多样。
提出的建议
多收集纯正英语原版文章；增加视频和图片使网页更加有吸引力。
[审题谋篇]
体裁
电子邮件
话题
网络
时态
一般现在时
人称
第一人称
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.词汇
1．________
更新
2．________
最初的，原始的
3．________
文章
4．________
变化
5．________
吸引
6．________
视频
【答案】 1.update 2.original 3.essay 4.vary 5.attract 6.video
Ⅱ.句式
1．I
find
some
problems.They
need
to
be
improved.(用定语从句合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．I
suggest
that
the
information
on
your
website
should
be
updated
in
time.It
can
be
more
helpful
to
the
users.(用原因状语从句合并句子)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.I
find
some
problems
that
need
to
be
improved.
2．I
suggest
that
the
information
on
you
website
should
be
updated
in
time，so
it
can
be
more
helpful
to
the
users.
[妙笔成篇]
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
I'm
very
grateful
that
your
website
gives
me
a
lot
of
help
in
my
English
study.As
a
user，I
like
it
very
much，However，I
also
find
some
problems
that
need
to
be
improved.
First
of
all，I
suggest
that
the
information
on
your
website
should
be
updated
in
time，so
it
can
be
more
helpful
to
the
users.Maybe
more
original
essays
are
needed
in
order
that
we
can
learn
standard
English.Secondly，I
think
the
content
should
be
varied
so
that
the
website
can
attract
more
users.For
example，you
can
add
more
videos
and
pictures.
I
am
looking
forward
to
seeing
your
improvement
and
hope
your
website
will
be
more
and
more
popular.
Yours，
Zhang
Ming
