2015秋九年级英语上册 Unit 1《Wise men in history》语法详解 （新版）牛津深圳版

Unit
1
Wise
men
in
history
Date:_______
name:_______
【语法专项】
反意疑问句
(一)含义及构成：
反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，它表示提问的人对陈述的事实没有把握，需要对方证实反意疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句。前后两部分在人称、数、时态等方面必须保持一致，如：
She
often
has
lunch
at
school,
doesn't
she
You
don't
like
sports,
do
you
(二)使用反意疑问句时要遵循以下三条原则：
1、“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”，如：
They
are
very
late
for
the
meeting,
aren't
they
You
can't
do
it,
can
you
2、前后两句主语保持一致，如：
3、前后两句时态保持一致，问句部分的助动词要由陈述句部分的谓语动词决定，如：
They
will
go
to
town
soon,
won't
they （不能用don't
they 或
aren't
they ）
He
works
very
hard,
doesn't
he （不能用didn't
he 或won't
he ）
(三)反意疑问句的答语：
　　回答遵循一个原则，那就是不管怎么提问，只要事实是肯定的，就用“Yes，肯定回答”；只要事实是否定的，就用“No，否定回答”。但在前否后肯的反意疑问句中，其答语与汉语翻译不同，Yes要翻译成“不”，No要翻译成“是”。
—You
will
never
forget
him,
will
you
你永远不会忘记他，是吗
—Yes，I
will.
不，我会忘记。
—No，I
won't.
是的，我不会忘记。
反意疑问句的特殊用法：
1、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I
am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren't
I？表示。如：
I
am
a
very honest
man,
aren't
I
2、陈述部分的主语为somebody(someone),
anybody(anyone),
nobody(no
one),
everybody(everyone)等表示人的复合不定代词时，问句部分的主语用he或
they，这时问句动词的数应和he或
they一致。如：
Someone
has
taken
the
seat,
hasn't
he/
haven't
they
陈述部分的主语为something,
anything,
nothing,
everything等表示物的不定代词时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
Something
is
wrong
with
the
computer,
isn't
it
4、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this，that或these，those时，附加疑问句的主语分别用it或they，例如：
This/That
is
a
plane,
isn't
it
这是一架飞机，是吗？
These/Those
are
grapes,
aren't
they
这些是葡萄，是吗？
5、陈述部分为There
(Here)
+
be
+
主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here) 如：
There
are
two
cakes
on
the
plate,
aren't
there
Here
is
a
story
about
Mark
Twain,
isn't
here
6、陈述部分带有little,
few,
never,
hardly,
seldom等表示否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定形式。如：
She
never
tells
a
lie,
does
she （不用doesn't
she ）
7、如果陈述部分含有由un-,
im-,
in-,
dis-等否定意义的前缀或后缀时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分仍然用否定形式。如：
Your
father
is
unhappy,
isn't
he （不能用is
he ）
8、当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，视情况而定。
(1)当must
作“一定要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't；
He
must
work
hard
at
physics,
mustn't
he
(2)当must表示推测时，问句部分需根据must后的动词形式决定。如：
Tom
must
be
at
home,
isn't
he
You
must
have
got
up
late
this
morning,
didn't
you
You
must
have
made
a
mistake,
haven't
you
9、陈述部分含used
to
时，问句部分用didn't或usedn't
He
used
to
live
in
the
country,
didn't
he /usedn't
he
10、陈述部分含had
better
时，问句部分用hadn't
+主语？
You'd
better
tell
him
about
the
matter,
hadn't
you
11、当陈述部分为含有宾语从句的复合句时
(1)若陈述部分为非第一人称主语+
think(believe,
suppose,
consider)
+
that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分主句的动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They
all
think
that
English
is
very
important,
don't
they
（不用isn't
it ）
②He
didn't
think
that
the
news
was
true,
did
he
（不用wasn't/
was
it ）
(2)若陈述部分为I(We)
don't
think(believe,
suppose,
consider)+
that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：
①I
don't
think
that
you
can
do
it,
can
you
（不用do
I ）
②We
don't
believe
that
the
news
is
true,
is
it
（不用do
we ）
12、若陈述部分为主语+said(
told,
reported,
asked……)
+
that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分主句的动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They
said
that
you
had
finished
your
work,
didn't
they
（不用hadn't
you）
②Kate
told
you
that
she
would
go
there,
didn't
she
（不用wouldn't
she ）
13、当陈述部分为祈使句时
(1)不管是肯定还是否定，问句一般用“will
you ”，陈述部分是肯定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will
you形式表示请求，用won't
you形式表示委婉请求或邀请；陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will
you 如：
Please
open
the
window,
will
you (won't
you )
Don't
make
any
noise,
will
you
(2)陈述部分为Let
us……时，问句部分习惯上用will
you
陈述部分为Let's……时，问句部分习惯上用shall
we 如：
Let
us
stop
to
rest,
will
you
Let's
go
home
together,
shall
we
(3)陈述部分为Let
me……时，问句部分习惯上用shall
I
或will
you 形式。如：
Let
me
have
a
try,
shall
I (will
you )
二、句子种类
句子种类结构图
▲★
：
肯定句
eg:
I
like
going
hiking.
陈述句
（陈述一件事）
否定句
eg:
I
can’t
swim.
一般疑问句:
以be动词、情态动词、助动词do/does/did开头
特殊疑问句：以what/how/why/when/where/which...等开头
疑问句
选择疑问句(
...or
....)：提供选择供对方选
句子
（发问）
反意疑问句：“陈述部分+反问部分？”
do型：动原开头
→
Take
a
seat,
please.
肯定祈使句
Let型：let
开头
→
Let’s
go
！
祈使句
Don’t
型:
Don’t
开头
→
Don’t
leave
me
alone.
（表请求、命令等）
否定祈使句
No型：No开头
→
No
kidding
!
名词单数：What
a
bad
man
he
is
!
感叹名词用what
不可数名词：What
great
fun
we
had
!
名词复数：What
nice
cars
they
are!
感叹句
形容词：How
beautiful
she
is!
感叹形副动用how
副词：How
beautifully
she
dances.

【即学即练】
1.
We
do
morning
exercises
in
the
morning,
___________
A.
do
we
B.
did
we
C.
didn't
we
D.
don't
we
2.
She
doesn't
care
for
a
car,
___________
A.
is
she
B.
does
she
C.
doesn't
she
D.
did
she
3.
She
has
a
brother,
___________
A.
doesn't
she
B.
has
she
C.
don't
she
D.
does
she
4.
She
will
have
lunch
at
school,
___________
A.
doesn't
she
B.
won't
she
C.
is
she
D.
will
she
5.
He
was
late
for
school
that
morning,
___________
A.
wasn't
he
B.
was
he
C.
did
he
D.
didn't
he
6.
His
sister
had
a
bad
cough,
___________
she
A.
wasn't
B.
doesn't
C.
hadn't
D.
didn't
7.
Nobody
says
a
word
about
the
incident,
___________
　A.
is
he　　　　
B.
doesn't
he　　　
C.
do
they　　　
D.
don't
they
8.
Nothing
he
did
was
right,
___________
A.
did
he　　
B.
was
it　　　　
C.
didn't
it　　　
D.
was
he
9.
There
is
not
much
news
in
today's
paper,
_____________
　A.
isn't
it　　　
B.
are
there　　
C.
is
there　　
D.
aren't
there
10.
You
never
told
me
why
you
were
late
for
the
class,
___________
　A.
weren't
you　
B.
didn't
you
C.
had
you　　
D.
did
you
11.
He
must
be
in
the
library
now,
________
　A.
doesn't
he　　
B.
mustn't
he　　
C.
needn't
he　
D.
isn't
he
12.
She
must
have
arrived
there
yesterday,
_________
　A.
have
she　　
B.
must
she　　　
C.
didn't
she　　
D.
mustn't
she
13.
There
used
to
be
a
church
behind
the
cemetery,
________
　A.
didn't
there　　
B.
used
there
C.
usedn't
it　　
D.
didn't
it
14.
My
sister
often
needs
help
with
her
study,
_______
　A.
need
she　　　
B.
needn't
she　　
C.
does
she　
D.
doesn't
she
15.
They
dare
not
call
you
a
fool,
___________
　A.
would
they　
B.
dared
they　
C.
dares
they　　
D.
dare
they
16.
What
a
lovely
day,
_________
　A.
doesn't
it　　
B.
isn't
it　　　
C.
didn't
it　　　
D.
hasn't
it
17.
Let
me
do
it,
_______
　A.
shall
I　　　
B.
shall
we　　
C.
will
you　　　
D.
will
I
18.
He
dislikes
the
two
subjects,
_______
he
A.
does
B.
doesn't
C.
is
D.
isn't
19.
Let's
go
there
by
bus,
_______
A.
will
you
B.
shall
we
C.
don't
you
D.
will
you
20.
Let
us
go
to
play
football,
_______
A.
will
you
B.
shall
we
C.
do
we
D.
are
we
21.
Don't
forget
to
give
Polly
some
food
and
change
her
water,
_______
A.
will
you
B.
shall
we
C.
won't
you
D.
do
you
22.
—Pass
me
the
dictionary,
_______
—Yes,
with
pleasure.
A.
would
you
B.
will
you
C.
won't
you
D.
wouldn't
you
23.
I
don't
believe
you
are
right,
_______

A.
are
you
B.
do
you
C.
won't
you
D.
do
24.
She
doesn't
think
that
Tom
sings
best
in
the
class,
_______
A.
does
she
B.
doesn't
she
C.
does
he
D.
doesn't
he
25.
I
know
you
didn't
want
to
hurt
me,
_______
A.
did
you
B.
didn't
you
C.
do
I
D.
don't
I