省略句
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课件26张PPT。英语省略句在英语中，为了使句子简洁明快，突出重点，常用"省略句"，只要不影响句意的表达，能省略的成分尽可能省略。省略现象随处可见,大致可分为以下几种情况。 Part A Singer: It was a real privilege for me to be cast. It had always been one of my strongest desires to have a part in Turandot.
Jane: How were you hired for the job?
Singer: Well, I’m a musical performer,…One day, I saw a poster that the production Company’s Personnel Department had put up saying they were looking for singers. I applied for the job, and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus.
Part AJane: Was it difficult to try out?
Singer: The best part was visiting Beijing because the performance was staged in the Forbidden City….
Singer: Yes, I would like to visit Beijing again.
Jane: Well, it’s been fun talking to you. I thank you for your time.Part B1. b 2.c 3. a 4.d 5. e
1.The pop star dies of drug abusing.
2. This is the door to the stage.
3. The performance last night was not as good as usual.
4. Please handle with care.
5. Turandot is really a wonderful performance, and the setting is fantastic too.
一、句子成分的省略 1. 省略主语。如: ???(I) Haven't seen you for ages!好久不见了!
2.省略谓语。如： (Is there) Anything you want? 你要什么东西吗? (Does) Anybody need help? 有人要帮忙吗?
3. 省略宾语。如： I don‘t know (where he is ). 我不知道。
4.省略主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分），只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其它成分。如： (I'm) Afraid I can't come. 恐怕我不能来了。 (Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水吗? －It’s a long time since I saw my sister. －_________her this weekend? ????A. Why not visit?? B. Why not to visit????
C. Why not visiting?? D. Why don’t visit ?
解析：答案为A。本题考察省略结构，这里why not visit =Why didn’t you visit ，这种既注重基础又兼顾生活交际的试题，其实多数学生感觉很容易能得出正确的A答案。 二、复合句中的省略 1.在含有状语从句的复合句中 在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。
When (she was) asked , she didn’t answer a word.
Water can be changed into vapor if (it is ) heated.
When (you are) working ,you must pay attention.?
We may try again when (it is ) necessary . We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. ?? A. not if dealt carefully with????????
B. if not carefully dealt with ?? C. if dealt not carefully with????????
D. not if carefully dealt with
解析：答案为B。状语省略部分if （it is） not carefully dealt with，现在的语言中，已经把这种省略形式固定化了即：if not. 注意：1. as if + to do
doing
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
He cleared his throat as if to say something.
2. if any if not
if so
1. Some of you may have finished unit one. _____, you can go on to unit two.
A. If you may????? B. If you do??????
C. If not??????? D. If so
2. Although there seemed some signs of recovering, experts said that few, _____, could come back to normal after getting this disease.
A. if any???? B. if ever???C. if not?????????????????????? D. if so他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。好像将要做…好像正在做…如果有的话如果不是这样如果是这样2.在限定性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词that，which, whom可以省略；
在先行词the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which。
All （that）you ever want to do is going shopping.
Is this the reason (that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
What surprised me was not what he said but the way (that) he said it. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes，there's one point_____ we must insist on A．why??? B．where??? C．how??? D．/
答案为D。先行词point 在定语从句中作宾语。关系代词that 省略，故答案为D。 3.宾语从句的省略。
1）that引导并列的宾语从句，可以省略第一个that, 第二个that 不能省。
Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. ?? A. why?????B. that????C. when?? D. where
答案为B 。 2）如果后面的分句,与前面的分句有相同的部分,则常被省略掉,以免重复。如: ??He has left home in a hurry, but I don’t know why.
2.并列句中的省略现象在后一并列分句中凡是与上下文相同的成分通常都要省略My office was on the tenth floor, and his on the twelfth (floor).I will buy a house. He will (buy a house) too.John was the winner in1994, and Bob (was the winner) in 1995.We still have shortcomings, and (we have) very big ones, too.So+助动词/情态动词+主语。“也…”
So+主语+助动词/情态动词。“的确”
The boy died and a week later. So did his sister.
I’m an English teacher, so is my wife.
－My room gets very cold at night ?－ ___________. ?? A. So is mine??????? B. So mine is???????
C. So does mine??????? D. So mine does
解析：答案为C。四、肯定结构注意：
1.有时可用so代替名词性从句,以避免重复前面所说的内容,可用于这类结构的动词有think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, guess, hope等.
肯定回答结构为“I think (believe…)so”,
否定回答结构为“I don’t think(believesuppose) so”或“I think (believe )not”。
但hope, guess只能说hope (guess) not,不能说don‘t hope (guess) so。
－Will you be able to finish your report today? ? －?___ . A. I like it??? B. I hope so???
C. I’ll do so? ?D. I’d love it
解析：答案为B。五、在否定结构中 Nor/ neither + 助动词+主语 。“也不…” －I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
－Neither would I .我也不去了。
If Joe' s wife won' t go to the party, _______. A. he will either????? B. neither will he????????
C. he? neither will???????? D. either he will
解析：答案为B。六、不定式的省略 1. 在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, notice, look at, listen to等感观动词及使役动词let ,make ,have 后的"宾语+动词不定式作宾语补足语"的结构中，不定式符号to须省略，但这类结构变成被动语态时，其后的不定式要还原加上to。如： His family made children work 16 hours a day in their factories. The children were made to work more than 16 hours a day.
－Excuse me sir,where is Room 301? ?－Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. A.show?? B.shows??? C. to show????? D. showing
答案为A。have sb.do sth. 2. I’m afraid / ready / glad / happy / willing + to
为了避免重复，常省略与上文表达相同意思的不定式符号to之后的内容，只保留不定式符号，例如： ??? －Could you go shopping with me? －I'm glad to .
－I‘ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind
looking after my cat? －Not at all. ______ . A. I’ve no time? B. I‘d rather not
C. I’d like it? D. I‘ll be happy to
答案是D. 3. mean, want, would like, would love, afford等后面接不定式时： －Did you get a ticket? －No, I meant to ,but there weren't any left
注意：有时不定式to 后要保留 be、have
---Are you a football player?
---I used to be.
---Why didn’t you come to the party last night?
---I would love to have, but I was too busy.
4. tell, warn, order, advise, ask等动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时： The students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to.
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______ . A. not to B. not to do
C. not do it D. do not to
答案A.
演练1. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. Introduced C. Introduce D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ______ at the meeting by my boss.
A. questioning B. having questioned
C. questioned D. to be questioned
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
4. — Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?
— ______?
A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come
5. I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to _____ me.
A. have seen B. seeing C. meet D. be met
6. Who can you turn to in time of danger, if not ______?
A. ourselves B. ours C. we D. us
7. — Did you visit the museum last week?
— No, we ______, but we spent too much time shopping.
A. could have B. could C. must have D. must
8. — Is your mother going to the supermarket？
— No，_____.
A. she doesn’t B. she’s cooking
C. she gets by bus D. to a tailor’s shop
9. — She may not be free today.
— ______，we’ll have to put the meeting off.
A. If may B. If not
C. If she may not D. If she may not be free today
10. She hurriedly left the room as if ______.
A. she angry B. was angry C. it was angry D. angry
11. ______，I will help you with your work.
A. If I am possible B. If it possible C. If possible D. Possible
12. — Do you follow me？
— Yes，______.
A. it is good B. I will C. perfectly D. very good
13. — How many poor counties will there be in our province
by 2010?
— There will be only a few, if ______.
A. much B. some C. any D. many
14. — How are you getting on with your work?
— Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as ______.
A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan
15. — Are you a teacher?
— No, but I ______. I worked in a middle school for
three years.
A. am B. will C. do D. was
Jane: How were you hired for the job?
Singer: Well, I’m a musical performer,…One day, I saw a poster that the production Company’s Personnel Department had put up saying they were looking for singers. I applied for the job, and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus.
Part AJane: Was it difficult to try out?
Singer: The best part was visiting Beijing because the performance was staged in the Forbidden City….
Singer: Yes, I would like to visit Beijing again.
Jane: Well, it’s been fun talking to you. I thank you for your time.Part B1. b 2.c 3. a 4.d 5. e
1.The pop star dies of drug abusing.
2. This is the door to the stage.
3. The performance last night was not as good as usual.
4. Please handle with care.
5. Turandot is really a wonderful performance, and the setting is fantastic too.
一、句子成分的省略 1. 省略主语。如: ???(I) Haven't seen you for ages!好久不见了!
2.省略谓语。如： (Is there) Anything you want? 你要什么东西吗? (Does) Anybody need help? 有人要帮忙吗?
3. 省略宾语。如： I don‘t know (where he is ). 我不知道。
4.省略主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分），只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其它成分。如： (I'm) Afraid I can't come. 恐怕我不能来了。 (Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水吗? －It’s a long time since I saw my sister. －_________her this weekend? ????A. Why not visit?? B. Why not to visit????
C. Why not visiting?? D. Why don’t visit ?
解析：答案为A。本题考察省略结构，这里why not visit =Why didn’t you visit ，这种既注重基础又兼顾生活交际的试题，其实多数学生感觉很容易能得出正确的A答案。 二、复合句中的省略 1.在含有状语从句的复合句中 在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。
When (she was) asked , she didn’t answer a word.
Water can be changed into vapor if (it is ) heated.
When (you are) working ,you must pay attention.?
We may try again when (it is ) necessary . We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. ?? A. not if dealt carefully with????????
B. if not carefully dealt with ?? C. if dealt not carefully with????????
D. not if carefully dealt with
解析：答案为B。状语省略部分if （it is） not carefully dealt with，现在的语言中，已经把这种省略形式固定化了即：if not. 注意：1. as if + to do
doing
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
He cleared his throat as if to say something.
2. if any if not
if so
1. Some of you may have finished unit one. _____, you can go on to unit two.
A. If you may????? B. If you do??????
C. If not??????? D. If so
2. Although there seemed some signs of recovering, experts said that few, _____, could come back to normal after getting this disease.
A. if any???? B. if ever???C. if not?????????????????????? D. if so他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。好像将要做…好像正在做…如果有的话如果不是这样如果是这样2.在限定性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词that，which, whom可以省略；
在先行词the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which。
All （that）you ever want to do is going shopping.
Is this the reason (that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
What surprised me was not what he said but the way (that) he said it. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes，there's one point_____ we must insist on A．why??? B．where??? C．how??? D．/
答案为D。先行词point 在定语从句中作宾语。关系代词that 省略，故答案为D。 3.宾语从句的省略。
1）that引导并列的宾语从句，可以省略第一个that, 第二个that 不能省。
Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. ?? A. why?????B. that????C. when?? D. where
答案为B 。 2）如果后面的分句,与前面的分句有相同的部分,则常被省略掉,以免重复。如: ??He has left home in a hurry, but I don’t know why.
2.并列句中的省略现象在后一并列分句中凡是与上下文相同的成分通常都要省略My office was on the tenth floor, and his on the twelfth (floor).I will buy a house. He will (buy a house) too.John was the winner in1994, and Bob (was the winner) in 1995.We still have shortcomings, and (we have) very big ones, too.So+助动词/情态动词+主语。“也…”
So+主语+助动词/情态动词。“的确”
The boy died and a week later. So did his sister.
I’m an English teacher, so is my wife.
－My room gets very cold at night ?－ ___________. ?? A. So is mine??????? B. So mine is???????
C. So does mine??????? D. So mine does
解析：答案为C。四、肯定结构注意：
1.有时可用so代替名词性从句,以避免重复前面所说的内容,可用于这类结构的动词有think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, guess, hope等.
肯定回答结构为“I think (believe…)so”,
否定回答结构为“I don’t think(believesuppose) so”或“I think (believe )not”。
但hope, guess只能说hope (guess) not,不能说don‘t hope (guess) so。
－Will you be able to finish your report today? ? －?___ . A. I like it??? B. I hope so???
C. I’ll do so? ?D. I’d love it
解析：答案为B。五、在否定结构中 Nor/ neither + 助动词+主语 。“也不…” －I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
－Neither would I .我也不去了。
If Joe' s wife won' t go to the party, _______. A. he will either????? B. neither will he????????
C. he? neither will???????? D. either he will
解析：答案为B。六、不定式的省略 1. 在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, notice, look at, listen to等感观动词及使役动词let ,make ,have 后的"宾语+动词不定式作宾语补足语"的结构中，不定式符号to须省略，但这类结构变成被动语态时，其后的不定式要还原加上to。如： His family made children work 16 hours a day in their factories. The children were made to work more than 16 hours a day.
－Excuse me sir,where is Room 301? ?－Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. A.show?? B.shows??? C. to show????? D. showing
答案为A。have sb.do sth. 2. I’m afraid / ready / glad / happy / willing + to
为了避免重复，常省略与上文表达相同意思的不定式符号to之后的内容，只保留不定式符号，例如： ??? －Could you go shopping with me? －I'm glad to .
－I‘ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind
looking after my cat? －Not at all. ______ . A. I’ve no time? B. I‘d rather not
C. I’d like it? D. I‘ll be happy to
答案是D. 3. mean, want, would like, would love, afford等后面接不定式时： －Did you get a ticket? －No, I meant to ,but there weren't any left
注意：有时不定式to 后要保留 be、have
---Are you a football player?
---I used to be.
---Why didn’t you come to the party last night?
---I would love to have, but I was too busy.
4. tell, warn, order, advise, ask等动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时： The students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to.
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______ . A. not to B. not to do
C. not do it D. do not to
答案A.
演练1. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. Introduced C. Introduce D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ______ at the meeting by my boss.
A. questioning B. having questioned
C. questioned D. to be questioned
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
4. — Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?
— ______?
A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come
5. I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to _____ me.
A. have seen B. seeing C. meet D. be met
6. Who can you turn to in time of danger, if not ______?
A. ourselves B. ours C. we D. us
7. — Did you visit the museum last week?
— No, we ______, but we spent too much time shopping.
A. could have B. could C. must have D. must
8. — Is your mother going to the supermarket？
— No，_____.
A. she doesn’t B. she’s cooking
C. she gets by bus D. to a tailor’s shop
9. — She may not be free today.
— ______，we’ll have to put the meeting off.
A. If may B. If not
C. If she may not D. If she may not be free today
10. She hurriedly left the room as if ______.
A. she angry B. was angry C. it was angry D. angry
11. ______，I will help you with your work.
A. If I am possible B. If it possible C. If possible D. Possible
12. — Do you follow me？
— Yes，______.
A. it is good B. I will C. perfectly D. very good
13. — How many poor counties will there be in our province
by 2010?
— There will be only a few, if ______.
A. much B. some C. any D. many
14. — How are you getting on with your work?
— Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as ______.
A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan
15. — Are you a teacher?
— No, but I ______. I worked in a middle school for
three years.
A. am B. will C. do D. was