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Unit 2 English around the world
Section II Learning about the language学案
学习目标:
1.掌握下列词汇
base; latter; fluent; command; request; because of; come up; at present; make use of; such as
2.能够熟练掌握间接引语中命令与请求的表达法。
重难点:间接引语中命令与请求的表达法。
一、自主预习:找出并翻译下列短语
1.be different from
2.走近;上来;提出
3.such as
4. 目前,现在
5.instead of
6. 利用,使用
7.hold on
8.因为,由于
9.make sense
10.前往,去
11.be able to
12.关闭(开关等)
13.without a second thought
14.确保
二、知识探究
1. Can you find the following command and request from Reading?21cnjy.com
command n. [C]命令,指令;[U]掌握
vt. 命令;指挥,支配;博得,赢得
【拓展】
(1) in command of 指挥;控制
under one’s command 由……指挥
take command of 控制;担任……的指挥
have a good command of 很好地掌握,精通
(2) command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that...(should)do... 命令……做……
【练习】
1).In order to have a good________of English,he resigned and went abroad.
A.command B.need C.master D.direction
2).He commanded that the students________the classroom before he returned.
A.didn’t leave B.wouldn’t leave C.needn’t leave D.not leave
2. In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something.
request n.& vt. 请求;要求
【拓展】
(1) make (a) request for 请求;要求……
at sb.’s request=at the request of sb. 应某人之要求21世纪教育网版权所有
(2) request sb.to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should)do sth. 请求……做某事
【点拨】常用(should)+do构成虚拟语气的动词口诀:
一坚持:insist
二命令:order,command
三建议:advise,suggest,propose
四要求:request,require,demand,desire
【练习】
1).I’m sorry that I cannot accept your________to attend your birthday party,Linda,because I’m ________to answer all the customers’ letters tonight by my boss.www.21-cn-jy.com
A.requirement;required B.demand;requested2·1·c·n·j·y
C.request;asked D.request;required
2).Don’t respond to any e mails________personal information,no matter how official they look.
A.searching B.asking C.requesting D.questioning
3).I shouldn’t have accepted the man’s present,but I found it difficult to turn down his________.21·cn·jy·com
A.offer B.request C.suggestion D.planwww-2-1-cnjy-com
3. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
make use of 利用,使用
【拓展】
make full use of 充分利用
make good use of 好好利用
make little use of 不充分利用
make the most of 最好地利用
take full advantage of 充分利用
【练习】
1).The money collected should be made good use________the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake.21教育网
A.of helping B.to help C.to helping D.of to help
2).The manager of the company told us that very little________was made of the waste material in the past.
A.cost B.value C.use D.matter
Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.
recognize vt. ①辨认出
recognize sb./ one’s voice /one’s handwriting
认出某人/听出某人的声音/认出某人的笔迹
②承认;公认
recognize sb.(或sth.) as /to be…承认某人(物)是……
be recognized as … 被公认为/ 承认是……
5. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
翻译: ________________________________________________________________________
【分析】 because引导_______从句,who引导______从句.
6. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
注意:way 作先行词,且引导词在定语从句中作状语时,引导词可用in which/ that/或省略。
【练习】
It’s not what you say, but the way ______________________ you say it that matters.
问题不在于你说什么,而在于你怎么说.
7. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人),即:介词+which/whom.
【练习】
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ _______ she could turn for help.
三、语法(直接引语和间接引语)
1.把下列句子转换成间接引语
A组
1 ) He said , “You are younger than I.”
.
2) He said, “Do you often come here to read newspaper ”
.
3) He asked, “Where do you live ”
.
B组
1).“Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.
.
2).The father said to his children,“Don’t move!”
.
3).He said,“Get everything ready before 8:00.”
.
4).The old man said,“Come here again next week.”
.
5).“Let’s sell the old car and buy a new one,”said Peter.【版权所有:21教育】
.
6).The leader of the trade union said,“Let’s start to work at once.”
.
7).“Let no one be late,”said the headmaster.
.
8)“Don’t make so much noise,children!”she said.
.
观察B组练习,归纳总结:
1).如果直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时要选用 , , ,
, 等表示祈使意义的动词作谓语,然后将该祈使句变成动词不定式作宾语补足语。
2).如果作为直接引语的祈使句是以let开头的,则根据其意思在间接引语中用不同的句型。
表示建议用“suggest+动名词/that从句”。
表示劝告用“advise sb.to do”或“advise+that从句”。
表示命令用“order+that从句”或“said+that从句”。
表示请求常用“ask sb.to do”句型。
3).否定的祈使句变为间接引语时,需在动词不定式前加not。
4).当直接引语形式上是疑问句,在表示请求、建议意义时,可用“ask sb.to do”或“suggest+that从句/doing”或“advise sb.to do”等形式转述。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
【练习】
1.Don’t be late,Jane.
→Jane,the teacher told you .
A.to be not late B.not to be late C.are not late D.to not be late
2.“Please close the door,”he said to me.
→He me the door.
A.said to;to close B.told to;closing21教育名师原创作品
C.asked;to close D.said to;please close
3.“Get everything ready in 10 minutes,”the teacher said to the students.
→The teacher ordered the students everything ready in 10 minutes.
A.get B.to get C.getting D.got
4.Tom said,“Let’s go to the park this afternoon.”
→Tom suggested that they to the park that afternoon.
A.go B.went C.to go D.going
5.She asked me wake up the sleeping baby.
A.please be careful not to B.to be careful not to
C.to be careful to not D.not to be careful to
6.The doctor told us that an apple a day the doctor away.
A.keeps B.kept C.to keep D.had kept
7.The teacher me to have another try.
A.warned B.suggested C.hoped D.asked
8.The teacher said,“Keep silent!”
→The teacher .
A.said he would keep silent B.asked the students to keep silent
C.asked the students keep silent D.said that he wants to keep silent
四、作业:完成同步练习
答案
一、自主预习
1.与......不同 2.come up 3.例如 4.at present 5.代替 6.make use of 7.(打电话)别挂断 8.because of 9.有意义 10.leave for 11.能够 12.turn off 13.毫不犹豫 14.make sure
二、知识探究
1.
1)解析:选A。句意:为了很好地掌握英语,他辞了职到国外去了。have a good command of表示“很好地掌握”的意思。【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
2)解析:选D。本题考查command后that从句应用虚拟语气的用法,具体表示为:从句谓语部分用“should(not)+动词原形”形式,should可以省略。2-1-c-n-j-y
2.
3.
1)解析:选D。make good use of sth.好好利用,后边用不定式表示目的。
2)解析:选C。注意make use of 的被动形式。
5.原因状语从句;定语从句
6.in which, that,/
7. to whom
三、语法
1. A组
1). He told me that I was younger than him.
2).He asked me that if I often came here to read newspaper. 21*cnjy*com
3).He asked where I lived.
B组
1).The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.【出处:21教育名师】
2).The father told his children not to move.
3).He told us to get everything ready before 8:00.21*cnjy*com
4).The old man asked us to go there again the next week.
5).Peter suggested selling the old car and buying a new one.
6).The leader of the trade union advised the workers to start to work at once.
=The leader of the trade union advised that the workers should start to work at once.
7).The headmaster ordered that no one should be late.
=The headmaster said that no one was to be late.
8).She told the children not to make so much noise.
2.ask,tell,order,require,demand
【练习】
1.B 否定的祈使句在变成间接引语时要在动词不定式前加not,即tell sb.not to do,故选B项。21·世纪*教育网
6.A An apple a day keeps the doctor away.为格言,意为“一天一苹果,医生远离我”。因此变为间接引语时,时态不用变,通常用一般现在时,故选A项。
7.D suggest和hope后面不能跟动词不定式作宾补,可排除B、C两项;根据题意,A项不合适,故选D项。
8.B 祈使句变为间接引语时,要将祈使句中的动词原形改为动词不定式,并在其前加上ask,tell,order等,故选B项。
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Unit 2 English around the world
Section II Learning about the language同步练习
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.With our knowledge ________ (base) on practice,we can make great contributions to our country.www-2-1-cnjy-com
2.Oprah(奥普拉),the queen of American daytime talk TV,________ (recognize) as one of the most powerful women in the world.21世纪教育网版权所有
3.Though they found the road ________ (block),they decided to move on.
4.Although this is the first time that the plan ________ (come) up at the meeting,it has caused much concern.【出处:21教育名师】
5.According to the rules of the hotel,guests ________ (request) to vacate their rooms by noon on one day of departure.【版权所有:21教育】
6.The manager gave his command that measures ________ (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.21教育名师原创作品
7.She was ________ (worry) than angry when her daughter didn't come home.
8.I think in English study it is your attitude,not your teachers that ________ (play) the key role.
9.With so many people ________ (communicate) in English every day,we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.2·1·c·n·j·y
10.In Japan some firms even monitor whether their employees smile ________ (frequent) enough at customers.21*cnjy*com
Ⅱ. 完型填空
A couple of weeks ago,my friend offered to sell some of our things for us.I thought it was a good opportunity to 1 my 7 year old son's room and 2 some toys that were no longer suitable for him to play with.We 3 that all the money we got from selling the toys would be his money.
The night before the 4 ,we loaded up the truck with toys and a little bike that was too 5 for him.In the yard he 6 the bike for the last time and then happily put it onto the truck.This little bike had at least two previous owners as far as we 7 .It wasn't in the best 8 and was certainly not new,but the tires were 9 good.
We put a price of $10 on it,but it didn't sell.So,after the sale was 10 ,my friend put it on the sidewalk with a sign that 11 “FREE,BIKE”.Within five minutes her doorbell rang.A little boy was 12 there.In poor English he asked whether the bike was 13 free.She said yes and that he could have it for 14 .He smiled,got on the bike and rode away.
Later that evening when I told my son how much money he had made at the sale,he was very 15 ,shouting happily.He asked about a few of his things,wondering 16 they had been sold.When he asked about the bike,I told him about the little boy and that made him 17 .He was much happier than when I told him how much he had 18 .He was so happy to 19 that someone else would make good 20 of that little bike!
1.A.clean B.check C.display D.design
2.A.look for B.go through C.show off D.deal with
3.A.refused B.agreed C.wrote D.lied
4.A.trip B.show C.sale D.decision
5.A.weak B.small C.new D.thin
6.A.rode B.found C.watched D.felt
7.A.doubted B.knew C.told D.thought
8.A.time B.chance C.place D.shape
9.A.also B.never C.still D.hardly
10.A.ahead B.on C.near D.over
11.A.said B.repeated C.copied D.expressed
12.A.jumping B.standing C.walking D.shouting
13.A.barely B.usually C.really D.always
14.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
15.A.calm B.scared C.excited D.disappointed
16.A.when B.if C.why D.how
17.A.smile B.worry C.leave D.cry
18.A.enjoyed B.lost C.bought D.made
19.A.hear B.understand C.remember D.think
20.A.interest B.money C.use D.price
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Mr. Backer is a kind hearted man. Once he gave some food to a poor woman. Mr. White, the boss of the restaurant, found it and became angry. He often gave the leftovers (剩饭菜) to some poor workers. Mr. Backer lost his work for it. It was difficult for him to find work in the small country though he was an able cook. The war made all stop. Children couldn't go to school, most shops were closed, even some farmers were hungry. Some people were made to leave their houses and they had to find the safe places. It was an autumn night. Mr. Backer hadn't any food to eat and went to bed, but he couldn't fall asleep, because he was very hungry. Suddenly he heard a noise in his room. He saw a man looking for something useful there. He said nothing and watched it carefully. At last the man took a few old clothes out of a broken paper box and took them away. He got up from his bed quickly and followed him gently (文雅地), with his quilt on his back. The man didn't find him and went into a small and wet house. Mr. Backer also went in and saw there was nothing in the room. The thief (贼) saw him and was surprised. He asked, “What did you come here for?” “You have carried my things here,” said Mr. Backer. “I have to move here, too!”21教育网
1.Mr. White sent Mr. Backer away because ________.www.21-cn-jy.com
A. he couldn't cook
B. he didn't work hard
C. he didn't like him at all
D. he gave some leftovers to a poor woman
2.________, so the people in the small country got into trouble.2-1-c-n-j-y
A. The war broke out (爆发)
B. It didn't rain
C. Children couldn't go to school
D. Shops and factories were closed
3.Mr. Backer couldn't go to sleep because ________.21·世纪*教育网
A. the weather was cold
B. the weather was hot
C. he was hungry
D. he was ill
4.Mr. Backer said nothing when the thief went into his room because ________.
A. he wanted to send him to the police station
B. there was nothing expensive there
C. he was afraid the man could hurt him
D. he hoped the man could help him
5.The underlined word“quilt” in this story means ________.21·cn·jy·com
A. 珠宝 B. 钱箱 C. 被子 D. 鞋带
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It was our English teacher's birthday yesterday. Though English is a hard subject, but I like my English teacher a lot, and so are my classmates. She is nice to us and always tells us stories of the days when she was in her twenty. Sometimes she even stayed in school to help students make up their lessons. She always encourages us and tells us do our best. We are gratefully to her, so that day we bought him a cake and a gift. We even made a big card for her, on it we wrote all our names. Seeing these, she was moving and had a big smile in her face.21*cnjy*com
答案
I. 单词拼写
1, based ; 2, is recognized; 3, blocked; 4, has come; 5, are requested;
6, should be taken; 7, more worried; 8, plays; 9, communicating; 10 ,frequently;
Ⅱ. 完型填空
【语篇解读】 作者的朋友要帮助作者一家卖掉些不用的东西。作者也想打扫一下儿子的房间。在卖了大部分东西后,儿子的小自行车免费送给了一个需要它的小男孩。儿子得知这个消息后很高兴。21cnjy.com
1.【解析】 由上文的要卖掉些东西,应该是打扫儿子的房间。
【答案】 A
【答案】 A
7.【解析】 据我们所知,这辆小自行车至少前面有两个主人了。as far as we know“据我们所知”。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
【答案】 B
8.【解析】 形状不好了,也不新了。shape“形状”。
【答案】 D
9.【解析】 承接上文,但是轮胎还很好。still“仍旧”。
【答案】 C
10.【解析】 在这个卖的活动结束后。over“结束”。
【答案】 D
11.【解析】 这个标语上说……用said。
【答案】 A
12.【解析】 一个小男孩站在了那里。
【答案】 B
13.【解析】 用很差的英语,他问是否这辆小自行车真的免费。really“真的”。
【答案】 C
14.【解析】 她说是的,他可以免费拥有它。for nothing“什么也不用花”。
【答案】 D
15.【解析】 由下文的shouting happily可知儿子很兴奋。
【答案】 C
16.【解析】 他问了几件东西,想知道是否它们被卖掉了。if“是否”。
【答案】 B
17.【解析】 我告诉儿子那个小男孩的事情,这使他笑了。由下文的“He was much happier than”可知答案。【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
【答案】 A
18.【解析】 比当我告诉他他赚了多少钱时他更高兴。
【答案】 D
19.【解析】 听说别人会充分使用他的小自行车时他更高兴了。
【答案】 A
20.【解析】 参考上题解析。make good use of“充分使用……”
【答案】 C
Ⅲ.阅读理解
5.C 衣服被贼拿走了,珠宝和钱箱更是没有。他唯一可以背着的就是他的被子。
Ⅳ.短文改错
It was our English teacher's birthday yesterday. Though English is a hard subject, I like my English teacher a lot, and so my classmates. She is nice to us and always tells us stories of the days when she was in her . Sometimes she even in school to help students make up their lessons. She always encourages us and tells us do our best. We are to her, so that day we bought a cake and a gift. We even made a big card for her, on we wrote all our names. Seeing these, she was and had a big smile her face.
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Unit 2 English around the world
人教新课标版 必修一
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
课文背诵(请注意动词的使用)
The Road to Modern English
So why has English changed over time Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken
导入新课
today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those whoruled England spoke first Danish and later French.
These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.
Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
1.
command n.& vt.命令;指令;掌握
command that sb. (should) do sth.命令某人做某事
command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
教学目标
新课讲解
Language points
have a good command of 精通(语言等)
under the command of
=under one’s command
由……指挥;由……控制
take command of 控制……
单句语法填空
(1)The police arrived at the village and took command the situation.
(2)We are working the command of the manager that no expense be spared to make the party a success.
(3)The general commanded his men
(attack) the city.
to attack
of
under
归纳拓展
request n.& vt.要求;请求
request后跟宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时,从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。
这些词具有相同用法:
request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
request sth. from sb.(正式或礼貌地)向某人请求或要求某物
make a request for请求;要求
at sb.’s request=at the request of sb.应某人的请求、要求
单句语法填空
(1)She made a request some water.
(2)The boy requested a computer his parents as his birthday present.
(3)The officer requested that the supplies of food and clothes __________ (send) to the flooded area.
sent
for
from
(should) be
Although many Americans move a lot,they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.
2.
归纳拓展
(1)recognize vt.辨认出;承认;公认
recognize sb. as/to be...承认某人是……
It is recognized that...人们公认……
(2)recognition n.承认;认出
答案
练习
写出下列句子中recognize的汉语意思
①My hometown has changed so much that I can’t recognize it. ________
②He didn’t recognize that he had made a big mistake. _____
③We recognize him to be a hard working and honest person. _____
辨认(出)
承认
公认
However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
3.
归纳拓展
the way people speak人们说话的方式,这里people speak作way的定语。先行词way作“方式”解,且其关系词在定语从句中作状语时,定语从句用in which或that引导,也可省略关系词。
答案
用适当的关系词填空
(1)I don’t like the way ( ) you laugh at her.
(2)What do you think of the way he used to solve the problem
which/that
that
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)
祈使句(请求和命令)
Grammar
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. “Open the windows! ”Jack said to John.
→Jack told John _______ (open)the windows.
2. Mary said, “Let’s go to the art exhibition this afternoon. ”
→Mary advised us _____(go)to the art exhibition that afternoon.
3. The captain said to the soldiers, “March on! ”
→The captain ordered the soldiers ________(march)on.
to open
to go
to march
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语, 祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词+宾语+动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order等。
1. 引述表示命令的祈使句, 变间接引语时常采用ask/tell/order sb. to do sth. 的形式。
*“Finish the task in ten minutes. ”the manager said to the clerk.
→The manager told the clerk to finish the task in ten minutes.
*“Keep silent! ”said the chairman.
→The chairman ordered to keep silent.
将下列直接引语变为间接引语。
①“Don’t look out of the window, ”she said to me.
→She told __________________the window.
②“Call the police, Sean, ”he said.
→He ordered ___________________.
me not to look out of
Sean to call the police
2. 当直接引语为表示建议、提议、请求、劝告的祈使句(或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句)时, 多用suggest+doing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时, 从句使用虚拟语气should+动词原形, should也可省略), 及ask/advise/want/beg sb. +to do等结构。
*Mary said, “Let’s go to the art exhibition this afternoon. ”
→Mary suggested our going to the art exhibition that afternoon.
→Mary suggested that we (should) go to the art exhibition that afternoon.
*“Please have a rest. ”she said to us.
→She asked us to have a rest.
根据提示完成句子。
①“Let’s go there together. ”said her friend.
→Her friend suggested that __________________together.
②She said to me, “Please wait till I return, will you ”(变为间接引语)
She _____________________________.
they should go there
asked me to wait till she returned
3. 引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind, warn等词转述。
*“Take an umbrella in case of rain. ”his mother said to him.
→His mother reminded him to take an umbrella in case of rain.
*The leader said to the workers, “Don’t speak while working. ”
→The leader warned the workers not to speak while working.
【名师点津】
(1)无论是否定祈使句, 还是表示委婉语气的否定疑问句, 在变为间接引语时, 要用不定式的否定形式: not/never to do sth. 。
(2)直接引语中的称呼语变为间接引语时, 一般把它当作主句谓语动词的宾语用。
*She said, “Don’t make so much noise, children! ”
→Shetold the children not to make so much noise.
将下列直接引语变为间接引语。
①“Don’t forget to take your umbrella with you. ”said she.
→She reminded me _________________my umbrella with me.
②“Don’t break the rules. ”said the headmaster.
→The headmaster warned ___________________.
not to forget to take
not to break the rules
4. 感叹句的直接引语变间接引语, 直接引语为感叹句时, 间接引语可用what或how引导, 也可以用that引导。
*“What a beautiful dress it is! ”the girl said to her friend.
→The girl told her friend what a beautiful dress it was.
把直接引语改为间接引语。
①He said, “What a beautiful view it is! ”
→He cried out ________________________.
②She often says, “What a great country China is! ”
→She often says that _________________________.
what a beautiful view it was
China is a very great country
将下列直接引语变为间接引语。
1. “Don’t play with fire, little boy,” his
grandfather said.
→________________________________
.
His grandfather told the little boy not to play with fire
教学目标
巩固提升
2. Kate said, “Let’s discuss the problem tomorrow.”
→__________________________________________.
→__________________________________________
______________________.
Kate suggested discussing the problem the next day
Kate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day
3. “Do be quiet, please!” Miss Helen said to the noisy boys.
→__________________________________
___________.
Miss Helen demanded the noisy boys to
be quiet
4. Kate said, “Let’s discuss the problem tomorrow.”
→__________________________________
___________.
→__________________________________
______________________.
Kate suggested discussing the problem
the next day
Kate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day
教学目标
课堂小结
Today we have learnt some patterns which express commands or requests. And we have dealt with the reversal of the sentence patterns. After reading the passage,we have known that American English has different dialects. Though there is no standard English,we should learn to pronounce the English words correctly.
谢 谢!
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