【备考2018】中考英语专题突破训练 阅读理解（文化类）（含解析）

中考英语专题 阅读理解（文化类）
1.【2017年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】
Once upon a time there was no tea at all in England. People there used to drink a light beer(啤酒). No coffee or milk but large glasses of beer stood on the breakfast table!【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】www-2-1-cnjy-com
When tea was first brought to England, an old couple got some as a special treat. But they did not know how I t should be used. They cooked the leaves in hot water, and spread them on a piece of bacon(熏肉) which they were going to have for dinner. They ate the leaves, and threw the tea away! However, tea is becoming as popular as coffee and milk in England today.21教育名师原创作品
Tea is the leaf of a plant which grows widely in China, Japan and some other countries. Tea famers usually grow many tea plants on a large piece of land. When the tea leaves are ready to be picked, it is the busiest time for tea farmers in a year. They pull off on the leaves and dry them. In their spare time, they pick out the best leaves and get them ready for market. In china, whenever a visitor comes into a house, he is served with a cup of tea.
1.What was served for breakfast in England long ago?
A. Beer. B. Tea. C. Coffee. D. Milk.
2. How did the old couple deal with the tea leaves?2·1·c·n·j·y
A. They sold them. B. They ate them.
C. They burnt them. D. They threw them away.
3. Tea farmers are the busiest in a year when they _____.
A. serve visitors at home B. sell tea in the market
C. pick and dry tea leaves D. look for a piece of land21教育网
4. In which part of a magazine can read the text?
A. Nature. B. Culture. C. Environment. D. Technology.
2.【四川省潼江中学2017届九年级下学期入学考试英语试题】
Many years ago, an enemy army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots, a brave people, loved their country very much. They fought hard to drive the enemy（敌人） out of Scotland. But the enemy was very strong. It seemed that the enemy would win.
One night, the leader of Scots led his men to the top of a hill. “We will rest here tonight,” he said, “Tomorrow we will fight again. We must win or we will die.”
They were all tired so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on duty, but they too, were very tired, and one by one they also fell asleep.
The enemies were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they were up the hill, taking care not to make a sound. Closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. Suddenly, one of them put his foot on the thistle. He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a moment they were on their feet and ready for fighting. The fighting was hard, but it didn’t last long. The Scots beat the enemy and saved their country.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people like it. But the people of Scotland like it so much that they made it their national flower.
1．One night the leader of Scots led his men to the top of a hill to _______.
A. fight against the enemies B. see the thistle there21世纪21世纪教育网有
C. have a good rest D. build their homes there
2．The enemies took care not to make a sound because _______.
A. the Scots were sleeping on the top of the hill
B. they didn’t want to be found by the Scots
C. the Scots would become very strong when they woke up
D. they were afraid of the sharp needles of the thistle
3．One of the enemy soldiers cried out because _______.
A. a snake bit him B. he fell off the horse
C. he put his foot on a thistle D. he fell into a deep hole21*cnjy*com
4．The underlined sentence means _______.
A. They took off their shoes. B. They were all standing in line.【出处：21教育名师】
C. They got up and quickly made their minds clear D. They looked for their shoes.
5．People in Scotland made the thistle their national flower because _______.
A. it has sharp needles B. its fruit can be used a medicine
C. people can sell it for money D. once it saved Scotland21·世纪*教育网2-1-c-n-j-y
3.【四川省潼江中学2017届九年级下学期入学考试英语试题】
We may know that there are four basic stages (阶段) that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process is the way our brain and our personality react to(对……做出反应) the strange new things we meet with when we move from one culture to another.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Culture begins with the “honeymoon (蜜月) stage”. This is the time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are very excited.
Unluckily, the second stage can be more difficult. After we have got used to our new life, we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland and our family, friends, pets.
The third stage is called the “adjustment(调整) stage”. This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture. You realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place.
The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new place. You can deal with most problems that you have. 【版权所有：21教育】
There is a fifth stage of culture shock which many people don’t know about. This is called “reverse(逆向) culture shock（冲击）” . When you go back to your own culture, you find you have changed and things there have changed. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back home.
1．Culture shock usually happens when you ______.
A. are married B. move to a big city
C. go to live in a foreign culture D. meet foreign people in your country21*cnjy*com21·cn·jy·com
2．How do you feel during the first stage of culture shock?21世纪教育网21-cn-jy.com
A. Lonely and sad. B. Bored and homesick.
C. Angry and impatient. D. Happy and excited.
3．How could the third stage be described?
A. Adjustment. B. Pulling away. C. Shock. D. Anger
4．Where can you probably find this passage?
A. In a novel. B. In a magazine. C. In a picture. D. In an ad.
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Man would pass through four basic stages when living in a new culture.www.21-cn-jy.com
B. Entering and living in a new culture is challenging.
C. It is much fun to live in a new culture.
D. Life in a new culture is a struggle.
4.【全国百强校首发】四川省雅安中学2017届九年级下学期第三次诊断考试英语试题】
The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean(地中海). It began during the Western Han Dynasty and has been a bridge between East and West for over 2 000 years.
The ancient road started from Chang'an (now Xi'an) and ended in Eastern Europe, near today's Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea. It was about 6 500 kilometers long and went across one-fourth of the planet.
The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk used to be carried along this road. Silk, jade(玉石), ceramics(陶器) and iron went west to Rome. And from the west came glass, gems(宝石) and food like carrots.
The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. It was more than an ancient international trade route. Besides trade, knowledge about arts, science and literature, as well crafts and technologies was shared across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed and influenced each other.
Today, China is trying to build the "21st Century Marine(海洋的) Silk Road". With the help of APEC held in Beijing in November 2014, the dream of One Belt One Road (the "Silk Road Economic(经济的) Belt" and "gist Century Marine Silk Road")("一带一路") is coming true.21·cn·jy·com【版权所有：21教育】
1．The underlined word "route" in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.21*cnjy*com
A. 方式 B. 路线 C. 成就 D. 关系
2．When did the Silk Road begin?
A. In the 19th century. B. In the 18th century.21教育名师原创作品
C. During the Western Han Dynasty. D. During the Eastern Han Dynasty.
3．How long was the ancient Silk Road?
A. It was about 6 500 meters long.
B. It was about 5 000 kilometers long.
C. It went across one-third of the planet.
D. It went across one fourth of the earth.
4．Why was it named the Silk Road?
A. Because Chinese silk was carried along this road.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
B. Because Chinese silk was produced along this road.
C. Because things were traded from market to market along this road.21*cnjy*com
D. Because the ancient traders bought and sold things along this road.21cnjy.com
5．It can be inferred(推断) from this passage that
A. the Silk Road was only an ancient international trade route2-1-c-n-j-y
B. many new silk roads have been built by the Chinese government so far
C. the Silk Road was a very important line of communication connecting East and-West
D. the Silk Road prevented the development of languages and cultures between East and West
答案与解析
1.【答案】
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.B
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了英国人的饮茶历史及茶的产地及种植。
1.A细节理解题。根据短文第一段No coffee or milk but large glasses of beer stood on the breakfast table!可知很久以前，在英国人们早餐桌上只有大杯的啤酒。故选A 。21世纪教育网版权所有
2.B细节理解题。根据They ate the leaves, and threw the tea away!可知那对老夫妇吃了茶叶，故选B。
3.C细节理解题。根据When the tea leaves are ready to be picked, it is the busiest time for tea farmers in a year. They pull off on the leaves and dry them.故选C。
4.B推理判断题。根据这篇短文主要介绍了英国人的饮茶历史及茶的产地，故选B。
考点：文化历史类短文阅读。
【命题意图】本题考查了学生阅读理解的能力，并且也考查了孩子们在生活中真正需要的是什么。
【考试方向】考查社会生活的阅读理解，这类短文与我们的生活息息相关，是中考常考的题型。
【得分要点】这类题以细节理解题为主，同时兼有推理判断题，考查学生的推理能力。
2.【答案】
1．C
2．B
3．C21世纪教育网
4．C
5．D
【解析】你知道苏格兰的国花是什么吗？是蓟花，蓟是一种很普通的植物，上面长满了刺，很少人喜欢它，但是苏格兰的人民却非常喜欢它，还把它当作自己的国花，这是为什么呢？因为蓟花曾经拯救过这个国家。
1．细节理解题。根据短文第二段中One night, the leader of Scots led his men to the top of a hill. “We will rest here tonight,” he said可知，苏格兰士兵的领袖带领他的人来到了一个山顶上，他们要在那里休息一下，准备第二天继续战斗。由此可知选C。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】21cnjy.com
2．推理判断题。根据短文的开头Many years ago, an enemy army came north from England to make war on Scotland 可知，英格兰和苏格兰在打仗，再根据短文第四段The enemies were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they were up the hill, taking care not to make a sound. Closer they came to the sleeping Scots可知，敌人是想趁苏格兰士兵睡觉的时候去偷袭他们，所以他们很小心，不发出声音，以免吵醒了苏格兰士兵。故应选B。
5．细节理解题。根据文意可知，在苏格兰与英格兰战斗的时候，英格兰想要偷袭苏格兰士兵，但因为一个敌人踩到了蓟花上，发出了叫声，惊醒了苏格兰人，他们与敌人奋勇战斗，打败了敌人，保卫了自己的国家。所以苏格兰使蓟花成为了他们的国花。故应选D。21教育网
点睛：这篇短文讲述了苏格兰的国花为什么是蓟花。短文内容比较简单，容易理解，后面的题目设置以细节理解题为主，比较简单，可以直接在原文找到相关信息作答。
3.【答案】
1．C
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．A
【解析】当我们去一个外国的国家的时候，因为文化的差异，我们会受到文化的冲击。作者把这个逐渐适应新环境的过程分成了四个阶段，给我们分析了每一个阶段的特点。21*cnjy*com21·世纪*教育网
1．细节理解题。根据短文第一段中This is the time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting可知，文化冲击经常发生在你刚刚来到一个新的文化中，一切都很某事、刺激的时候。由此可知应选C。
2．细节理解题。根据短文第一段中This is the time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are very excited可知，刚开始来到一个新的文化中的时候，我们会感到很兴奋，故D选项正确。
5．主旨大意题。当我们去一个新的国家，我们会受到当地文化的冲击，作者把我们逐步适应这个文化的过程分词了四个阶段，首先是对新的文化感到很兴奋；然后会觉得很难适应；接下来是逐渐调整、适应；最后是能够轻松应对所面对的问题。因此A选项最能概括文章的内容，故选A。
点睛：这篇短文讲述的是我们如何适应新文化。短文结构清晰，分成了五个阶段来叙述，每一阶段有各自的特点。短文的内容比较容易理解，后面题目的设置也是以细节理解题为主。前三个题目较为简单，我们可以根据题目中所问的具体的阶段，在短文中找到对应的段落阅读，找到答案。第4小题和第5小题的综合性更强一些，第4小题我们可以使用排除法，因为这篇短文讲的是如何适应文化冲击，所以它不是小说、图片或者是广告，杂志里的内容是包罗万象的，所以应选B。
【答案】
1．B
2．C
3．D
4．A
5．C
【解析】这篇短文给我们介绍了丝绸之路，它有两千多年的历史，全长6,500公里，是一条连接东西方贸易和文化的重要的国际线路。2·1·c·n·j·y
1．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean可知，Silk Road是丝绸之路，它是一条连接中国和地中海的路，因此route应该是路线的意思。故选B。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2．细节理解题。根据短文第一段中It began during the Western Han Dynasty and has been a bridge between East and West for over 2 000 years可知，丝绸之路是在西汉时期开始的。故应选C。【出处：21教育名师】
点睛：这篇短文给我们讲述了丝绸之路的历史，短文比较容易理解。题目的设置有细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断，细节理解题比较容易，我们可以根据题目中的关键词定位到原文，找到答案。例如第2小题，这个问题问的是丝绸之路开始的时间，因此我们在短文里寻找跟时间有关的句子和单词。推理判断题是比较难的题目，第5小题是推理判断题，我们是根据短文第四段的内容，再结合选项的意思进行判断的。