介词

课件56张PPT。介词 No one else can make me feel
the colors that you bring
Stay _____ me while we grow old and
We will live each day ____ spring time
_______ you has made my life so beautiful
And everyday _____ my life
Is filled _____ loving you
Loving you, I see your ______
Come shining _______
And every time that we ooh
I’m so ____ love with you. with inlovingofwithsoulthroughin1.介词的概念 2.介词的分类 3.介词的常用用法 介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词，
介词不能单独作句子成分，必须
与他后面的名词或代词（或相当
于名词的其他词类、短语或从句）
构成介词短语，才能在句子中充
当一个成分。一、概述：二、介词的分类
介词可分为四类：
简单介词、合成介词、短语介词
和分词介词。What are prepositions?
How are they used?Prepositions are words that are used before a noun or a noun phrase to show time, place, movement, etc.
A preposition can also be used before a verb in the –ing form.e.g. …it is useful for keeping our house clean.prepositions of timeat on in(I)Click it here（1）at 一般用来表示在某一具
体的时间点，如：
at ten o’clock 在10点钟
at the weekend 在周末
at night 在晚上
at noon 在中午（2）on用来表示“某天或某天上、
下午”，如：
on Monday 在星期一
on January 在1月1日
on the following day第二天
on a cool winter evening
一个寒冷冬天的晚上 （3）in用来表示“一段时间”，还可
用在月、季节、年等时间短语前，
如：
in August 在8月
in 1984 在1984年
in the day 在白天
in a minute 一会儿 at 8 o’clock
at noon
at night
at midnight
at the end of
at that time
at the beginning of
at the age of
at Christmas
at New Year
at in
in the morning (afternoon, evening)
in October
in 1998
in summer (autumn, spring, winter)
in the past
in the future
on
on Monday
on Christmas morning
on the following day
on May Day
on a warm morning
on a windy night
on the evening of April
注意比较：_____ Christmas
_____ Christmas Day
_____ the Christmas daysat 10:00___ the morning of March, 1998
at 10:00___ the morning in April, 1998atonduringinon1. His father will be back from London ____ a few days.
A. since B. in C. on D. after
2. --- How long has the bookshop been in business?
--- _____ 1987.
A. After B. In C. From D. Since
3. The touch they had both kept in ____ many years broke.
A. for B. on C. into D. with
BDA表持续时间的_________________的区别(II)since, for, in, after★ since 接过去的某时间点, 常用于完成时.
★ for 接一段具体的时间, 常用于完成时.
★ in + 一段时间与非延续性动词连用,表一段时间以后,多
用于将来时; 与延续性动词连用,表一段时间内,时态不限.
★ after + 一段时间,常用于过去时.
在……期间，常用介词
during, for, over, within,
throughout, from...to 等
e.g.
during the summer holiday.
for four years
I’ll be back within an hour.
from 6 to 8 从6点到8点
(III) 表示其它时间概念的介词:
beforeuntiltillbetweenbyup to等
1）before “在…之前，早于…”
before supper 晚饭前
before class 上课前
before long 不久
2）untiltill “直到”
The meeting will last till 5:00
3）by表示“到…为止”，
by the end
by the end of last term
(IV) 在时间状语中，有两种情况不用介词
1）表示“去年”“上个月” “今年”“这个月”“本周”“明年”“下个月”“每年”“每月”“每周”等概念时。
last year (month, week);
this year (month, week);
next year (month, week)
My family are going to Hangzhou next month.
Every summer she goes to visit her parents.
2）用all来表示整个“年、月、星期、天”等概念时, 如：
We worked there all afternoon.
She has lived in the village all her life.
(V)I am an English teacher in a middle school. Since I was in Junior High, I have been interested in English. ___that time, I usually got up ___5.30 a.m. reading English aloud. ___15 September 1998, I got the first prize in an English speech contest in my school, which made me work even harder at English. ____now, I have been learning English ____more than 14 years and I will never stop learning it.AtatOnByforFill in the blanks with proper prepositions.The train leaves ___ 6:00 pm, so I have to be at the station _____ 5:40 at the latest.
A. at; until B. for; after
C. at; by D. before; around
2. The old man died ____ cold ____ a cold night.
A. from; at B. of; in
C. of; on D. for; during
3. The railway was opened ____ traffic ____ April 4, 1985.
A. to; on B. to; in
C. by; on D. for; onCCAprepositions of placeat, in, on, above，against, behind, between, by, near, opposite, under, below, off, over, inside, outside, etc.
(I)表示地点时 at, in, on 的区别
My uncle lives _____ 116 Changhe Street. His room is ___ the sixth floor.
A. at; on B. to; at C. on; in D. of; to
at 表示在较小的地方(村庄, 小城镇,门牌);
在某物旁(不确定的地方)
★ in 表示在较大的地方(国家,城市); 在某物范围内.(地点的排列顺序是由小到大).
★ on 表示在某物上(表面接触); road 前用on, street前用in/on; 楼层用on; farm前用on, field前用in.A(II)表方位的介词in, on, to, off的区别
Guangdong lies ___ the south of China and Fujian is ___ the east of it. Hainan is _____ the coast of the mainland.
A. in; in; on B. in; on; off
C. on; to; on D. in; to; away
★ in 表示在境内.
★ on 表示相邻或在边界上, 不在境内.
★ to 表示在境外, 不接壤.
★ off 表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方.B(III) 表上下方位的介词 _______________________
的区别
under/over below/aboveunder/over , below/aboveClick it here
on 多用于与物体有接触时,位于物体的表面,边上,线上。
above 侧重于指上下位置，有对比与参照物。
over 侧重于指横跨两端，或有覆盖的含义。
_____ the wall 在墙上
_____ the train 在火车上
The picture is _______ the map. 画在地图上方。
Hang the picture ______ the bookshelf.
把这张画挂在书架上面。
There is a bridge _____the river.
在河的上面横跨一座桥。
practiceononoveraboveoverThe water reached a few inches ___________the knees. 水离膝盖只有几英寸了.
under与 below均可表“正下方”，
_______the sea level. 海拔以下
play ______the tree 在树下玩
pass ______the bridge 在桥下流过

below/underbelowunderunder(IV)表示“在…前面/后面”
The children are playing ____________their house.
那些孩子正在家门口玩。
He parked the car ________the house.
车停在屋子后面。
There is a blackboard _______________the classroom.
教室的后面有一块黑板。
at the back of与behind的意义基本一样，都表示“在…后面”，但所指有区别， behind指一物体在另一物体的后方，而at the back of指一物体包含在另一物的内部的后方。
in front ofbehindat the back ofbehind/before/in front of/ in the front of/behind/ at the back of(V)表示“在…中间”
between/among/in the middle of
You can sit ________him and me .
The animals usually hide ________the trees during the daytime.
There is a desk _______________the classroom.
between 表示“在…之间”（常指二者之间）
among 表示“在…中间”（三者或三者以上）
in the middle of 指位置时，总是强调在一处地方的中心或中心附近的位置

betweenamongin the middle of(Ⅵ)表示“在…旁边”用________________

(1)near 表示“在…附近、靠近”，暗示距离很近，如：
The smiths live near a park.
史密斯一家住在一座公园附近。
(2)beside 表示“在…附近、靠近”与by意思相近，如：
She sat in the chair beside the door.
他坐在门边上的一张椅子上。
(3)by表示“在…附近，紧挨”
Mike is standing by the door.
麦克站在门旁边。near / by / besideWhat’s there _______the box?
盒子里有什么？
She was told to wait _______the classroom.
他被要求在教室外面等着。
The post office store is just _______the street.
邮局就在树的对面。
The man stood with his back ________the wall.
那个男人背靠着墙站着。
(Ⅷ)其他, 如“inside, outside, across, against, etc”insideoutsideacrossagainstprepositions of movementconclusion:
The prepositions (through / along / to / down / for, etc ) are used to express___________ .movement across, along, down, into, off, over, out of, past, round, through, under, up, etc.across, along, down, into, off, etcClick it hereShe went ____Beijing University yesterday.
他昨天到北京大学去了。
A friend of mine sent me the gift ______Tianjin.
这礼物是我的一个朋友从天津寄给我的。
He poured some milk ____the cup.
他往被子里到了些牛奶。
Walk straight ______the street and you’ll find the post office.
顺着这条街一直往前走,你就会找到那个邮局的。
I saw him walking ______the library.
我看到他匆匆走出了图书馆。
tofromintoalongout of(I)表示运动方向的介词The ship started ____London.
这艘轮船向伦敦驶去。
She fell ____the ladder and hurt her leg.
他从梯子上摔下来，把腿摔坏了。
I found the car driving ________me.
我发现车正朝我开来。
for 表示“（方向、倾向、能力）向，往”
off 表示“从…离开”“从…下来”
toward(s), to ,for都可表示“方向”toward(s)只表示动作的方向，与到达与否无关，to表示到达的目的地，for表示目的地，和to表目的地是前面多用动词不同，for常与leave/start/set out/sail等连用，to常go/come/return等连用。forofftowards(II)表示“经过”“穿过”“通过”的介词
The ball rolled_______the grass.球从草地上滚过。
He walked ____me without saying a word.
I don’t think anyone can jump _____the fence.
我看没人能跳过那座围墙。
She drove _____a school on her way home.
across 表示“从这一边到一边”；穿过物体表面,或横过。by 表示“从人或事物旁边经过”，意义与past相似 over 表示“从人或事物上空经过、越过” past 表示“从人或事物旁边经过”，意义与by相似
through 表示“从事物的里面穿过”或“从长形物的一头
到另一头”。
byacrossoverpastacross/by/over/through/past, etc(Ⅲ)表示“遍及” 的介词
throughout / all over / all along / all around, etc
The news spread throughout the country.
It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.
I looked all over for you before I started.
There are trees all along the river banks.

(I) 表示“除…… 之外”的介词
＊He usually goes to work on time _____.
A. except for raining days B. besides it rains
C. but that it rains D. except on rainy days
★ besides 表示包含, 除 --- 之外还有---
★ except 表示排除, 除 ---- 之外
★ but 表示排除, 多与nobody, none, no one, nothing,
anything, everyone, all, who 等连用.
★ except for 表示除去整体中的部分, “只是, 只不过”
DExtension__________ basketball, I like playing Pingpang.
You have no choice ________work hard.
Li Long is a good student ______________his laziness.Besidesbutexcept for（II）表示方式、方法、手段的常用介词
___________________Mr. Green usually goes to work ___car.
He wrote many letters ___English.
He told me to write _____a pen.
You can master English ________more practice. byinwiththroughby, in, with, through（II）表示方式、方法、手段的常用介词
___________________★ by 表示“用（方法、手段、途径等）”或意为“乘坐（交通工具） ”，后接的名词前面通常不用冠词。
★ in 表示“用（方式、材料、途径、语言）”。
★ with 表示“带着，伴随”，后接具体的工具，手段、材料或其他行为方式。
★ through 表示“以(方法、手段) ”“经由”。by, in, with, through表示“在…方面”的介词有in,at等 表示“在…方面”的介词1、in表示“在…方面”
Joan does well in dancing. 2、at表示“在…方面（有能力或造
诣）
Robert is clever at maths.（六）表示“数量”的介词 3、round表示“大约”
The pen cost round $ 5.1、about(around)表示“大约”
We have about two hours
to do it.表示“数量”常用的介词有about,
over, around等2、over 表示“超过，在…以上”
She’s over 30.表示“具有”“没有”的介词 表示“具有”“没有”常用
with, without 1、with表示“具有”“有着”
The man with a pair of thick
glasses is our physics teacher.2、without表示没有
I can’t do it without your help.表示“原因”的介词 表示原因常用的介词有
because of, for, with,
due to, out of, owing to,
of through等3、of/from表示“因…而…”,of 和
from都可用来说明死亡的原因
（1）die of 多用来指出造成死亡的直接原因，如：
Die of cancer 死于癌症
Die of old age 老死
（2）die from多用来指明造成死亡的外在的间接原因，如：
Die from a wound 因伤致死
Die from overwork因过度劳累而死
4、with表示“因…而…”
with多用来表明身体或精神产生变化的原因，如： Shake with cold 冷得发抖
White with fear 吓得脸色发白phrases1亲自
2 拜访
3 缺席
4 以。。。名义
5 详细的
6 代表
7 对。。。有信心
8 关于For oneselfCall on Be absent from In the name of In detail On behalf of Be confident in In regard to run into
hear form
stand for
meet with
look for
look atprepositional phrases with verbson a large scale
in other words
by hand
in returnprepositional phrases with nounscautious about,
different from,
fit forprepositional phrases with adjectives1.依靠。。。方法
2及时
3 意外的
4 能够
5 一会儿
6 赞扬
7 怀疑
8 从长远来说By means of In time for By accidentBe capable of For a while In praise of In doubt In the long run 9.怀着。。。希望
10.无益地，白白地
11. 总之
12. 万一
13. 在一个寒冷的晚上
14. 为纪念
15. 。。。的入口
16. 对某人有耐心In the hope of In vain In a word In case On a cold night In honour of The entrance to Be patient with