必修1 Unit
4 Earthquakes
An
earthquake
struck
this
district
last
week，shocking
the
world.It
caused
extreme
damage
to
river
dams，coal
mines
and
railway
tracks.Numerous
houses
were
destroyed，many
streets
became
cracked
and
a
few
gas
pipes
burst.The
local
government
responded
quickly
to
this
disaster.People
trapped
under
the
ruins
were
rescued
and
the
injured
were
sincerely
cared
for.Shelter，food
and
fresh
water
were
offered
to
the
survivors.This
event
attracted
worldwide
attention，thus
reducing
the
loss
to
a
minimum.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1.burst
vi.
爆裂；爆发
n.
突然破裂；爆发
2.ruin
n.
废墟；毁灭
vt.
毁灭；使破产
3.injure
vt.
损害；伤害
4.destroy
vt.
破坏；毁坏；消灭
5.shock
v.
(使)震惊；震动
n.
休克；打击；震惊
6.trap
vt.
使陷入困境
n.
陷阱；困境
7.bury
vt.
埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
8.damage
n．&
vt.
损失；损害
9.frighten
vt.
使惊吓；吓唬
10.rescue
n．&
vt.
援救；营救
11.judge
n.
裁判员；法官
vt.
断定；判断；判决
◆记住词义
1.earthquake
n.
地震
2.extreme
adj.
极度的
3.event
n.
事件；大事
4.nation
n.
民族；国家；国民
5.congratulation
n.
祝贺；(复数)贺词
6.track
n.
轨道；足迹；痕迹
7.electricity
n.
电；电流；电学
8.shelter
n.
掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
9.disaster
n.
灾难；灾祸
10.sincerely
adv.
真诚地；真挚地
11.express
vt.
表示；表达
n.
快车；速递
12.outline
n.
要点；大纲；轮廓
◆写出短语
1.at
an
end
结束；终结
2.in
ruins
严重受损；破败不堪
3.dig
out
掘出；发现
4.a
(great)
number
of
许多；大量的
5.two thirds
of
三分之二的……
6.right
away
立刻；马上
联想拓展
动词后缀 en
1.frighten
使惊吓；吓唬
2.strengthen
加强；强调
3.lengthen
加长；延长
4.broaden
加宽；拓展
5.sharpen
削尖；使锐利；变锋利
短语串记
1.by
the
end
of
到……结束时
2.in
the
end
最后；终于
3.come
to
an
end
结束
4.put
an
end
to
sth.
结束；终结
5.bring
sth.to
an
end
结束……
－－－－－－－－－－－
6.be/lie
in
ruins
沦为废墟；破败
7.come
to
ruin
毁灭；落空
8.fall
into
ruin
衰败；败落
9.bring
sth.to
ruin
使毁灭
－－－－－－－－－－－
10.burst
out
突然爆发
11.burst
into
闯入；突然开始
12.burst
in
突然闯入
13.burst
forth
迸发；喷发
－－－－－－－－－－－
14.be
buried
in
埋头于；专心于
15.be
trapped
in
受困于；陷入
16.be
caught
in
遇上；遭受
17.be
lost
in
迷失于；沉浸于
－－－－－－－－－－－
18.a
great/large
number
of
大量的
19.a
great/large
amount
of
大量的
20.a
large
quantity
of
大量的
21.a
great/good
deal
of
很多
－－－－－－－－－－－
22.one third
of
三分之一的……
23.two fifths
of
五分之二的……
24.three
quarters
of
四分之三的……
经典例句
①The
incident
has
sharpened
public
awareness
of
the
economic
crisis.这件事提高了公众对经济危机的认识。
②This
latest
developments
have
further
strengthened
my
determination
to
leave.最新的发展事态更增强了我离开的决心。
③I
must
warn
you
that
my
patience
is
almost
at
an
end.我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。
④The
whole
city
lay
in
ruins
after
the
earthquake，which
made
us
lying
awake
all
night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
⑤Suddenly
the
door
opened
and
a
group
of
children
burst
in.门突然打开，闯进了一群孩子。
⑥He
was
trapped
in
the
traffic
jam
and
felt
helpless.他陷入交通堵塞中，感到很无助。
⑦Aside
from
the
web
cameras，a
number
of
other
high tech
methods
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular.除了网络相机，还有许多其他的高新技术手段正在变得越来越流行。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
extreme
adj.
极度的
extremely
adv.
1.极度地
judge
vt.
断定；判断；判决
judgement
n．
2.意见；判断力；审判
injure
vt.
损害；伤害
injury
n．
3.伤害；损害
destroy
vt.
毁坏；摧毁
destruction
n．
4.毁坏；毁灭
congratulate
v．
祝贺
congratulation
n．
5.祝贺
express
vt.
表示；表达
expression
n．
6.表达；表情
[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Due
to
the
1.destruction
(destroy)
of
their
natural
habitat，wild
animals
in
this
area
are
being
endangered.To
avoid
any
serious
2.injuries
(injure)
to
wildlife，a
nature
reserve
was
built
last
month.Our
local
government
received
many
letters
of
3.congratulation
(congratulate)
from
all
walks
of
life.Many
people
donated
money
as
an
4.expression
(express)
of
appreciation
and
support.According
to
a
5.judgement
(judge)
made
by
some
experts，this
reserve
would
have
an
6.extremely
(extreme)
positive
effect
on
the
local
eco system.
【导学号：11470012】
词法新图谱——核心词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
burst
vi.
爆裂；爆发
bursting
burst
ruin
vt.
毁灭；使破产
ruining
ruined
injure
vt.
损害；伤害
injuring
injured
destroy
vt.
破坏；毁坏；消灭
destroying
destroyed
shock
vt.&
vi.
(使)震惊；震动
shocking
shocked
rescue
n.&
vt.
援救；营救
rescuing
rescued
trap
vt.
使陷入困境
trapping
trapped
bury
vt.
埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
burying
buried
damage
n.&
vt.
损失；损害
damaging
damaged
judge
vt.
断定；判断；判决
judging
judged
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Typhoon
Morakot
caused
Taiwan's
worst
destruction
in
half
a
century，killing
15
people
and
1.injuring
(injure)
numerous.Riverbanks
2.burst
(burst)
due
to
the
heavy
rain.A
village
3.was
buried
(bury)
by
a
landslide
though
the
villagers
had
been
warned
that
their
village
would
be
at
risk
of
4.being
ruined
(ruin)．Helicopters
were
sent
to
the
5.destroyed
(destroy)
areas
because
many
people
6.trapped
(trap)
under
the
roofs
needed
7.to
be
rescued
(rescue)．
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Last
night
two
men
were
burst
into
Mr.Black's
house，ruined
almost
everything.They
took
all
the
valuables
away.The
Blacks
and
their
children
were
almost
frightening
to
death.The
youngest
kid
cried，buried
his
face
in
Mrs.Black's
arms.Luckily，none
of
them
got
injure.Police
immediately
came
when
they
got
the
shocked
news.Judge
from
Mr.Black's
description，they
quickly
found
and
arrested
the
suspects.
【答案】
Last
night
two
men
burst
into
Mr.Black's
house，
almost
everything.They
took
all
the
valuables
away.The
Blacks
and
their
children
were
almost
to
death.The
youngest
kid
cried，
his
face
in
Mrs.Black's
arms.Luckily，none
of
them
got
.Police
immediately
came
when
they
got
the
news.
from
Mr.Black's
description，they
quickly
found
and
arrested
the
suspects.
①killing
15
people
and
injuring
numerous是现在分词短语作结果状语，意为“导致15人死亡，无数人受伤”。
burst
out
crying/laughing/burst
into
tears/laughter “突然哭起来/笑起来”
②burst当“爆裂；爆发”解时是不及物动词，不可用被动语态。但burst
into相当于及物动词，可用被动语态。
③be
at
risk
of
being
ruined
“有被毁掉的危险”，at
risk
of是介词短语，后面可接动名词。
④be
trapped
in“被困在……中；陷在……中”；be
trapped
under
“被埋在……下”。
⑤bury
one's
face
in
sb.'s
arms“把头埋在某人怀里”。
⑥judging
by/from“从……上看；根据……判断”，此短语一般在句中用作状语，表示看问题的角度。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
judge...by/from...根据……来判断……be
trapped
in
被困在……bury
oneself
in/be
buried
in埋头于；专心于think
little/nothing
of不重视；不考虑
judging
by/from... 根据；根据……来判断judge
sb./sth.to
be...
判断……是……Don't
judge
a
person
by
his
appearance.不要以貌取人。
动副
dig
out 掘出；发现
figure
out
算出，理解；leave
out
省略，删掉；pick
out
选出；turn
out
结果是，生产，培养
名介
a
(great)
number
of
许多；大量的a
shock
to...
一件让人吃惊的事情congratulations
to
sb.on
sth.祝贺某人某事
a
great/large
number
of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语the
number
of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语congratulate
sb.on
(doing)
sth.因某事向某人祝贺
介名
at
an
end
结束；终结at
the
end
of
在……结束时；在……结尾/末端in
ruins
严重受损；破败不堪
My
holiday
is
at
an
end
and
I
must
go
back
to
work.我的假期结束了，我得回去上班了。The
plan
was
in
ruins
just
because
people
were
unwilling
to
cooperate.该计划泡汤了，就是因为人们不愿合作。
形介
be
proud
of
以……而自豪
take
pride
in为……感到自豪
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
The
landslide
left
the
whole
village
1.in
ruins，which
was
a
great
shock
2.to
us.Several
people
died
and
many
more
were
trapped
in
collapsed
houses.All
food
supplies
were
3.at
an
end.This
disaster
could
have
been
avoided，but
the
villagers
thought
little
4.of
the
risk.Now，led
by
the
government，the
villagers
are
carrying
out
self help
recovery，5.digging
(dig)
out
their
belongings
6.buried
(bury)
in
the
mud
and
getting
back
the
lost
animals.The
village
is
returning
to
normal.
【导学号：11470013】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Williams
came
up
with
an
invention
after
burying
in
his
research
for
years.This
invention
was
a
shocking
to
the
world.It
was
thought
highly
by
famous
scientists.Judged
from
recent
surveys，his
invention
would
greatly
benefit
disabled
people.Many
people
wrote
him
letters
conveying
congratulations
for
his
success.He
also
received
the
number
of
invitations
to
international
conferences.His
family
and
friends
very
proud
of
him.
【答案】
Williams
came
up
with
an
invention
after
burying
in
his
research
for
years.This
invention
was
a
to
the
world.It
was
thought
highly
by
famous
scientists.
from
recent
surveys，his
invention
would
greatly
benefit
disabled
people.Many
people
wrote
him
letters
conveying
congratulations
his
success.He
also
received
number
of
invitations
to
international
conferences.His
family
and
friends
very
proud
of
him.
句法新天地——重点句型
as
if
[教材原句] It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end！仿佛到了世界末日！
as
if从句中使用虚拟语气的三种情况：与现在事实相反：过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反：过去完成时(had
done)；与将来事实相反：过去将来时(would/could/might
do)。
It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
had
done
it
是约翰打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好像是我做的一样。
When
a
pencil
is
partly
put
into
water，it
looks
as
if
it
were
broken.
当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。
如果as
if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。
Hurry
up!
It
looks
as
if
the
train
is
going
to
move.快点！火车看起来要开了。
部分否定all
...not
...(＝
not
all
...)
[教材原句] All
hope
was
not
lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句是表示部分否定的句型。all
...not
...＝
not
all
...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
It's
impossible
for
all
the
applicants
to
get
the
jobs，because
not
all
of
them
are
fit
for
them.
＝It's
impossible
for
all
the
applicants
to
get
the
jobs，because
all
of
them
aren't
fit
for
them.
并非所有的求职者都能找到工作，因为并非所有人都胜任这些工作。
(1)英语中all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely
等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no
one，nowhere，no
more，no
longer，no
way
等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
Some
students，most
of
1.whom
are
girls，become
too
stressed
2.to
sleep
(sleep)
well
the
night
before
an
important
exam.However，3.not
all
teachers
are
skilled
at
helping
them
stay
calm
and
relaxed.Some
teachers
even
completely
ignore
this
fact
as
if
it
never
4.existed
(exist)．Experienced
teachers
will
say
something
like
“You
can
do
it！”
“You're
the
best”
5.everywhere
they
encounter
a
nervous
student.These
encouraging
words
do
help
build
up
their
confidence.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
The
quiz
questions
were
not
too
difficult
to
be
answer.However，all
the
pupil
didn't
get
an
A
in
the
test.Some
even
got
a
D，that
made
the
teacher
really
upset.The
reason
is
that
the
pupils，each
of
them
has
a
mobile
phone，aren't
devoted
to
their
lessons.Everywhere
if
they
go，they're
constantly
staring
at
their
phones.It
seems
even
if
they
could
not
live
without
them.
【答案】
The
quiz
questions
were
not
too
difficult
to
answer.However，all
the
didn't
get
an
A
in
the
test.Some
even
got
a
D，
made
the
teacher
really
upset.The
reason
is
that
the
pupils，each
of
has
a
mobile
phone，aren't
devoted
to
their
lessons.Everywhere
they
go，they're
constantly
staring
at
their
phones.It
seems
if
they
could
not
live
without
them.
【导学号：11470014】
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．There
were
about
50
foreign
students
in
our
school，most
of
whom
were
from
Germany.
2．“You
can't
catch
me！”
Janet
shouted，running
(run)
away.
【导学号：11470015】
3．The
army
organized
teams
to
dig
out
those
who
were
trapped
and
to
bury
the
dead.
4．Look
out!
Don't
get
too
close
to
the
house
whose
roof
is
under
repair.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It
is
wrong
of
you
to
leave
the
machine
work
all
day
long.
work→working
2．Perhaps
I
have
not
expressed
me
very
well.
me→myself
3．I
was
walking
along
the
street
then
I
heard
my
name
called.
then→when
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Two
buses
crashed
in
the
city
centre，caused
three
deaths
and
many
injuries.The
dead
was
the
two
drivers
and
one
old
man.In
one
bus，its
front
part
was
completely
destroyed，sat
20
passengers，most
of
them
were
teenagers.A
narrow
escape
left
them
shook
with
terror.Soon
ambulances
arrived
and
took
injured
to
the
nearest
hospital.Investigations
into
the
reason
of
the
crash
are
still
under
way.
【答案】
Two
buses
crashed
in
the
city
centre，
three
deaths
and
many
injuries.The
dead
the
two
drivers
and
one
old
man.In
one
bus，
front
part
was
completely
destroyed，sat
20
passengers，most
of
were
teenagers.A
narrow
escape
left
them
with
terror.Soon
ambulances
arrived
and
took
injured
to
the
nearest
hospital.Investigations
into
the
reason
of
the
crash
are
still
under
way.
①most
of
whom/which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰人用most
of
whom，修饰物用most
of
which。类似的还有：all
of
whom/which；some
of
whom/which；many
of
whom/which等。
②现在分词在句中常用作伴随状语或结果状语，表示分词动作与主语是主动关系，且发生在谓语动作之后。
③形容词前加定冠词the有时表示一类人。如：the
poor穷人；the
dead死者；the
injured伤员。
④whose引导定语从句时，既可指代人，也可指代物。当指代物时，有时可换成of
which。
⑤leave作使役动词，意为“使……处于某状态”，可构成句式：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语(doing/done/to
do/adj.等)。
⑥express
oneself“表达自己的思想”。
⑦was/were
doing
sth.when
...“正在做某事，这时突然……”。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
2014年8月3日，云南昭通鲁甸发生了强烈地震，全国震惊(shock)。地震现场令人恐惧，整座城镇变成一片废墟(in
ruins)。
水、电都被切断(cut
off)，许多人被困在(trap)废墟下。好像(as
if)一切都被毁了。地震后，全国人民立刻(right
away)行动起来帮助当地人度过难关。我真心希望鲁甸在我们的帮助下(with
one's
help)尽快恢复正常(return
to
normal)。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：August前的in→on 第二句：shocking→shocked 第四句：as
well后加as
第五句：was→were 第八句：sincere→sincerely必修1 Unit
2 English
around
the
world
English
is
spoken
as
an
official
language
in
many
countries.Despite
slight
differences
in
accent
and
spelling，it
can
be
well
understood
by
native
English
speakers.Actually，modern
English
is
gradually
changing
thanks
to
British
frequent
voyages
and
trips
to
the
whole
world.With
many
words
and
expressions
borrowed
from
other
cultures，its
vocabulary
is
becoming
increasingly
large.Therefore，it
is
not
easy
for
easterners
to
have
a
good
command
of
English.If
you
want
to
speak
it
fluently，better
go
straight
to
America
or
Britain！
默写识记
◆默写单词
1.native
adj.
本国的；本地的
n.
本地人；本国人
2.actually
adv.
实际上；事实上
3.base
vt.
以……为根据
n.
基部；基地；基础
4.gradual
adj.
逐渐的；逐步的
5.fluent
adj.
流利的；流畅的
6.frequent
adj.
频繁的；常见的
7.command
n．&
vt.
命令；指令；掌握
8.request
n．&
vt.
请求；要求
9.expression
n.
词语；表示；表达
10.recognize
vt.
辨认出；承认；公认
11.straight
adv.
直接；挺直
adj.
直的；正直的
◆记住词义
1.official
adj.
官方的；正式的；公务的
2.elevator
n.
电梯；升降机
3.vocabulary
n.
词汇；词汇量；词表
4.voyage
n.
航行；航海
5.identity
n.
本身；本体；身份
6.apartment
n.
〈美〉公寓住宅；单元住宅
7.enrich
vt.
使富裕；充实；改善
8.latter
adj.
较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
9.accent
n.
口音；腔调；重音
10.lightning
n.
闪电
11.block
n.
街区；块；石块
◆写出短语
1.because
of
因为；由于
2.come
up
走近；上来；被提出
3.at
present
现在；目前
4.make
use
of
利用；使用
5.such
as
例如……；像这种的
6.play
a
part
(in)
扮演一个角色；参与
7.over
time
随着时间的过去
8.based
on
依据；以……为基础
联想拓展
形容词后缀 ial
1.official
官方的
2.beneficial
有益的
3.commercial
商业的
4.facial
表面的
5.social
社会的
动词前缀en
1.rich→enrich
使充实
2.able→enable
使能够
3.large→enlarge
使扩大
4.sure→ensure
确保；担保
5.danger→endanger
使遭遇危险
短语串记
1.come
up
走近；被提出
2.come
up
with
提出；想出
3.come
about
发生
4.come
across
(偶然)遇见；发现
5.come
out
出来；出版；发行
－－－－－－－－－－－
6.make
good/full
use
of
充分利用
7.make
the
best/most
use
of
充分利用
8.take
advantage
of
利用
9.put...to
good
use
充分利用
－－－－－－－－－－－
10.play
a
part
in
参与；在……起作用
11.play
the
part
of
扮演……角色
12.take
part
in
参加
13.take
one's
part
支持某人；站在某人一边
－－－－－－－－－－－
14.over
time
随着时间的过去
15.over
the
past
few
years
在过去的几年里
16.over
breakfast
边吃早饭边……
17.over
a
cup
of
coffee
边喝咖啡边……
18.over
night
通宵
经典例句
①You
can
enlarge
your
vocabulary
by
reading
original
works
in
English.你可以通过阅读英文原著增加词汇量。
②I
was
amazed
that
he'd
come
up
with
this
sweet
idea.我很惊讶他想到了这么好的主意。
③Using
computers
has
a
beneficial
effect
on
children's
learning.
使用计算机对孩子们的学习有益。
④The
question
is
bound
to
come
up
at
the
meeting.这个问题必然会在会上讨论。
⑤I
came
across
an
old
school
friend
in
Oxford
Street
this
morning.今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。
⑥They
took
full
advantage
of
the
hotel's
facilities.他们充分利用旅馆的设备。
⑦Economic
factors
have
played
a
significant
part
in
Britain's
decline
as
a
world
power.英国在世界强国中的地位逐渐衰弱，主要是经济因素造成的。
⑧She's
certainly
made
the
best
use
of
her
opportunities.她确实充分利用了一切机会。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Her
1.fluency
(fluent)
in
English
is
an
advantage
over
the
other
candidates
in
the
job
interview.From
the
2.expression
(express)
of
the
judges，she
knows
she
is
3.gradually
(gradual)
winning
their
4.recognition
(recognize)．She
feels
a
bit
proud
that
she
has
satisfied
their
5.basic
(base)
requirements.If
she
is
admitted
to
the
company，she
will
6.frequently
(frequent)
go
on
business
abroad.
【导学号：11470004】
词法新图谱——核心词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
base
vt.
以……为根据
basing
based
command
vt.
命令；指令；掌握
commanding
commanded
request
vt.
请求；要求
requesting
requested
recognize
vt.
辨认出；承认；公认
recognizing
recognized
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Xiao
Ming
1.was
commanded
(command)
to
finish
the
work
in
an
hour.The
job
2.was
recognized
(recognize)
to
be
the
toughest
one
at
that
time.3.Based
(base)
on
the
previous
experience，he
knew
it
was
impossible
to
finish
it
in
such
a
short
time.He
had
no
choice
but
4.to
request
(request)
help
from
his
friends.
【导学号：11470005】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Basing
on
the
weather
forecast，a
hurricane
is
around
the
corner.The
hurricane
widely
recognized
to
be
a
great
danger
to
people's
lives.So
the
local
government
is
making
preparations
for
its
arrival，commands
that
all
shops
and
schools
be
closed
for
a
few
days.All
residents
of
our
city
are
requesting
to
make
sure
they
stay
in
safe
places.
【答案】
on
the
weather
forecast，a
hurricane
is
around
the
corner.The
hurricane
widely
recognized
to
be
a
great
danger
to
people's
lives.So
the
local
government
is
making
preparations
for
its
arrival，
that
all
shops
and
schools
be
closed
for
a
few
days.All
residents
of
our
city
are
to
make
sure
they
stay
in
safe
places.
①command
sb.to
do
sth.“命令某人做某事”，其被动语态是be
commanded
to
do
sth.另外，command后可接that从句，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should＋)
do/be
done”。类似用法的动词：recommend，require，request等。
②be
based
on
“以……为基础”是base...on...“把……建立在……基础之上”的被动语态形式。但based
on可作状语，意为“根据；依据”，相当于according
to或depending
on。
③have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth.是固定句型，与have
nothing
to
do
but
do
sth.同义，意为“只好做某事；被迫做某事”。
④request有下列用法：request
sth.要求(得到)……；request
sb.to
do
sth.请求某人做某事；request
that...，从句中用虚拟语气。
⑤be
recognized
to
be/as...被认作……/被认为是……；It
is
recognized
that...人们公认……。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动副
come
up 走近；上来；提出
come
up
with主语是人或团体组织，表示(某人)提出……
动介
be
recognized
as 公认为
The
book
is
now
recognized
as
a
classic.这本书现在是一部公认的经典著作。
动名介
make
use
of
利用；使用play
a
part
(in)
扮演一个角色；参与have
a
good
command
of
掌握；精通(尤指语言)
make
good
use
of 好好利用make
the
best/most
use
of 充分利用make
full
use
of 充分利用make
little
use
of 很少利用play
a
role
in 在……扮演一个角色；在……起作用play
the
part/role
of＋(角色名) 扮演……的角色
介名
at
sb.'s
command
听某人支配at
present
现在；目前
I'm
at
your
command—what
would
you
like
me
to
do？我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？
习语
believe
it
or
not 信不信由你
Believe
it
or
not，we
have
found
the
lost
case.信不信由你，我们已经找到了丢失的箱子。
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Mr.Cook
is
a
great
success
as
a
scientist，generally
recognized
1.as
a
genius.Believe
2.it
or
not，he
still
makes
good
use
3.of
his
time
to
learn
something
new.Every
time
a
new
theory
comes
4.up，he
spares
no
effort
to
test
it
by
putting
it
into
practice.He
believes
that
practice
plays
5.an
important
part
in
developing
a
new
theory.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
When
the
fantastic
idea
came
up
with
at
the
meeting，believing
it
or
not，our
boss
had
a
great
passion
for
it.Then
he
sent
his
secretary，who
had
a
good
command
in
English，to
fly
to
America
for
more
information.The
secretary
made
best
use
of
this
chance
abroad
to
compare
notes
with
some
leading
scientists，who
took
a
significant
part
in
the
field
of
physics.It
wasn't
long
before
a
new
invention
began
to
shock
the
world.
【答案】
When
the
fantastic
idea
came
up
with
at
the
meeting，
it
or
not，our
boss
had
a
great
passion
for
it.Then
he
sent
his
secretary，who
had
a
good
command
English，to
fly
to
America
for
more
information.The
secretary
made
best
use
of
this
chance
abroad
to
compare
notes
with
some
leading
scientists，who
a
significant
part
in
the
field
of
physics.It
wasn't
long
before
a
new
invention
began
to
shock
the
world.
句法新天地——重点句型
even
if
[教材原句] Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
even
if
they
don't
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
even
if意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，与even
though相同。
Even
if
family
members
sometimes
disagreed
with
each
other，they
worked
together
to
make
the
business
successful.
尽管家庭成员之间有时意见不一致，他们也会齐心协力地把生意做得很成功。
Even
though
you're
fluent
in
English，you
may
experience
linguistic
difficulties
in
the
UK.
即使你的英语很流利，在英国也许还是会遇到语言困难。
as
if/though意为“就像……似的；似乎；仿佛”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句，表示与事实相反的假设时，使用虚拟语气。
Everything
in
my
childhood
crowded
upon
my
mind
as
if
they
had
just
happened.
童年的一切一下子涌入我的大脑，仿佛刚刚发生似的。
more...than...
[教材原句] It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
more...than...
“与其说……倒不如说……”。
He
failed
in
the
exam
again.In
my
view，he
was
more
lazy
than
stupid.
他考试又失败了。依我看，说他笨倒不如说他懒。
(1)more
than＋数词或从句
超过……
more
than＋形容词
非常……
more
than＋名词
不只是；不仅仅是……
(2)no
more
than
只不过；仅仅
not
more
than
不超过；至多
rather
than
而不是
other
than
除了；不同于
It
was
much
more
than
we
could
afford，but
far
less
than
the
original
asking
price.
它远远地超出我们的支付能力，但是比最初的要价低了很多。
It
is
I
rather
than
you
that
am
to
blame
for
the
terrible
accident.
该对如此可怕事故负责任的应是我，而不是你。
The
form
cannot
be
signed
by
anyone
other
than
you.
这个表格不能让除你以外的任何人签字。
there
is
no
such...(as...)
[教材原句] Believe
it
or
not，there
is
no
such
thing
as
standard
English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
there
is
no
such
...(as
...)是固定句式，表示“(世界上)没有(像……)这样的……”；句中“no
such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not
such
a/an＋单数名词”；as在此为介词。
There
is
no
such
(＝not
such
a)
man
in
our
neighborhood.我们的居民区没有这样的人。
It
may
help
you
to
know
that
there
is
no
such
thing
as
a
perfect
speech.它能帮助你认识到根本就没有完美的演讲。
This/That/It
is
because...
[教材原句] This
is
because
in
the
early
days
of
radio，those
who
reported
the
news
were
expected
to
speak
excellent
English.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。
This/That/It
is
because
...意为“这/那是因为……”。because在这个句型中引导表语从句，表示原因。
You
have
made
rapid
progress；this
is
because
he
helps
you
a
lot.
你进步很快，这是因为他经常帮助你。
This/That/It
is
why
...意为“这/那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
Tom
looks
1.more
like
a
teacher
than
a
taxi
driver.That's
2.because
he
is
always
dressed
in
clean
clothes
and
wears
a
pair
of
glasses.3.Even
if
he
gets
highly
paid，he
wants
to
change
his
job.Driving
a
taxi
is
not
safe
work.In
Tom's
view，nothing
is
more
precious
4.than
a
man's
life.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
There
is
no
such
thing
like
failure.That
is
why
failure
is
just
life
trying
to
move
us
in
another
direction.Therefore，failure
provides
us
more
chances
other
than
drawbacks.Even
we
fail
more
than
once，we
are
supposed
to
struggle
on
our
feet
again，for
the
bright
future
is
waiting
for
us
ahead.
【答案】
There
is
no
such
thing
failure.That
is
failure
is
just
life
trying
to
move
us
in
another
direction.Therefore，failure
provides
us
more
chances
than
drawbacks.Even
we
fail
more
than
once，we
are
supposed
to
struggle
on
our
feet
again，for
the
bright
future
is
waiting
for
us
ahead.
【导学号：11470006】
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．In
the
1600's，Shakespeare
made
use
of
a
wider
vocabulary
than
ever
before.
2．Sorry
I
didn't
phone
you，but
I
have
been
(be)
very
busy
over
the
past
couple
of
weeks.
3．The
film
to
be
produced
(produce)
next
month
is
aimed
at
reflecting
the
local
culture.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．As
is
known
to
many，this
kind
of
tiger
is
native
with
India.
with→to
2．The
number
of
Chinese
university
students
have
been
rising
steadily
since
1990.
have→has
3．Those
leave
the
room
last
ought
to
make
sure
that
the
windows
are
closed.
Those后加who
4．Time
will
say
whether
you
have
made
the
right
choice
or
not.
say→tell
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Visitors
to
Sichuan
often
see
pandas
in
nature
reserves，such
like
Wolong
Reserve
and
Foping
Nature
Park.The
giant
panda
is
native
for
China，but
this
animal
was
in
danger
of
dying
out
before
1980's.Thanks
to
the
measures
taken
by
the
government，the
number
of
giant
pandas
have
been
on
the
increase
over
the
past
decades.Those
have
been
protecting
pandas
from
disappearing
really
deserve
to
be
respected.
【答案】
Visitors
to
Sichuan
often
see
pandas
in
nature
reserves，such
Wolong
Reserve
and
Foping
Nature
Park.The
giant
panda
is
native
China，but
this
animal
was
in
danger
of
dying
out
before
1980's.Thanks
to
the
measures
taken
by
the
government，the
number
of
giant
pandas
been
on
the
increase
over
the
past
decades.Those
have
been
protecting
pandas
from
disappearing
really
deserve
to
be
respected.
【导学号：11470007】
①in
the
1600's
“在17世纪”。又如：in
the
1970's
“在20世纪70年代”。
②over
the
past
few
years
“在过去的几年里”，此短语常与现在完成时连用。
③film
to
be
produced
“将要拍摄的电影”，不定式作定语表示将来的动作。区别：film
produced
“拍摄好的电影”，过去分词作定语表示已完成的被动动作。
④be
native
to...固定搭配，意为“(动植物)原产于……；是……土生土长的动物或植物”。
⑤the
number
of短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式。注意与a
number
of的用法相区别。
⑥those
who或anyone
who是常见的英语表达，意为“凡是……的人”，who引导定语从句，修饰those和anyone。与whoever用法相似。
⑦tell与can连用表示“知道；区分”。可构成短语：tell...from...和tell...apart。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
现在，英语在我们的生活中越来越重要(play
a
...part
in)。因为(because
of)这，很多学生在努力学习英语。学习中我们会遇到(come
across)很多困难，会发现很多东西很难学，如(such
as)习语、语法等。很多人提出了(come
up
with)不同的方法来处理它们，比如学习英语应该以我们的课本为基础(base)；我们应该利用(make
use
of)每一个机会来练习说英语。逐渐地(gradually)你就会发现自己爱上了(fall
in
love
with)英语学习。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：an→a 第二句：hardly→hard
第四句：去掉第一个with 第五句：based后加on 第六句：fall→fallen必修1 Unit
3 Travel
journal
My
niece
is
fond
of
travelling.After
graduation，she
decided
to
organize
a
trip
to
an
old
temple
in
a
valley，beneath
which
existed
a
brilliant
cave.Considering
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
each
form
of
transport，she
was
finally
determined
to
cycle
there.Her
parents
preferred
her
to
go
by
train，but
since
their
daughter
was
a
little
stubborn，they
failed
to
persuade
her
to
change
her
mind.Based
on
a
reliable
weather
forecast，the
trip
is
scheduled
for
next
Saturday.I
hope
she
will
have
a
wonderful
time
then.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1.prefer
vt.
更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
2.persuade
vt.
说服；劝说
3.journey
n.
旅行；旅程
4.graduate
vi.
毕业
n.
大学毕业生
5.finally
adv.
最后；终于
6.schedule
n.
时间表；进度表
vt.
为某事安排时间
7.transport
n.
运送；运输
vt.
运输；运送
8.organize
vt.
组织；成立
9.determine
vt.
决定；确定；下定决心
10.attitude
n.
态度；看法
11.reliable
adj.
可信赖的；可靠的
◆记住词义
1.journal
n.
日记；杂志；定期刊物
2.stubborn
adj.
顽固的；固执的
3.disadvantage
n.
不利条件；不便之处
4.fare
n.
费用
5.flow
vi.
流动；流出
n.
流动；流量
6.altitude
n.
海拔高度；高处
7.forecast
n．&
vt.
预测；预报
8.view
n.
风景；视野；观点
vt.
观看；注视；考虑
9.parcel
n.
小包；包裹
10.insurance
n.
保险
11.flame
n.
火焰；光芒；热情
12.beneath
prep.
在……下面
◆写出短语
1.ever
since
自从；自……以后
2.be
fond
of
喜爱；喜欢
3.care
about
关心；忧虑；惦念
4.make
up
one's
mind
下决心；决定
5.give
in
投降；屈服；让步
6.as
usual
照常
7.a
determined
look
坚定的眼神
联想拓展
名词后缀 ation
1.graduation
毕业
2.organization
组织
3.determination
决定；决心
4.consideration
考虑；关心
5.expectation
预料；期望
短语串记
1.care
for
喜欢；照料
2.care
about
关心；在乎；担忧
3.take
care
当心
4.take
care
of
照料；处理
5.with
care
小心地；慎重地
－－－－－－－－－－－
6.change
one's
mind
改变主意
7.bear/keep
...in
mind
记住
8.have
...in
mind
考虑；打算
9.fix
one's
mind
on/upon
集中注意力于……
10.read
one's
mind
看懂某人的心思
－－－－－－－－－－－
11.give
away
分发；赠送；泄露
12.give
back
归还
13.give
off
发出
14.give
out
分发；用完；耗尽
15.give
up
放弃；停止
－－－－－－－－－－－
16.be
fond
of
喜爱；喜欢
17.be
keen
on
喜爱
18.be
crazy
about
非常喜爱
19.fall
in
love
with
喜爱
20.have
a
fancy
for
喜欢
－－－－－－－－－－－
21.a
determined
mind
坚定的信念
22.a
frightened
expression
害怕的表情
23.a
shocked
look
震惊的眼神
经典例句
①Unfortunately
the
restaurant
he
recommended
fell
far
short
of
our
expectations.遗憾的是他推荐的餐厅与我们心目中的相差甚远。
②He
has
never
shown
much
consideration
for
his
wife's
needs.他从来都不怎么考虑妻子的需要。
③My
sister
is
taking
care
of
the
children
while
we're
away.我们不在的时候，由我妹妹照看孩子。
④I
was
going
to
vote
for
him，but
I
changed
my
mind
and
voted
for
Reagan.我原本准备投他的票，后来却改变了主意，把票投给了里根。
⑤We
have
no
vacancies
now，but
we'll
certainly
bear
your
application
in
mind.我们目前没有空缺，但是我们一定会记住你申请的事。
⑥He
gave
away
most
of
his
money
to
charity.他把大部分的钱都捐赠给慈善事业了。
⑦The
doctors
had
given
her
up
but
she
made
a
remarkable
recovery.医生们已经放弃了治愈她的希望，而她却恢复得很好。
⑧John's
extremely
fond
of
pointing
out
other
people's
mistakes.约翰特别喜欢挑别人的毛病。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
advantage
n．
有利条件；优势
disadvantage
n．
1.不利条件；不便之处
organize
vt.
组织；成立
organization
n.organizer
n．
2.组织3.组织者
graduate
vi.
毕业
graduation
n．
4.毕业；毕业典礼
prefer
vt.
更喜欢
preference
n．
5.偏爱；爱好
determine
vt.
决定；下定决心
determination
n．
6.决心
rely
vi.
依靠；信赖
reliable
adj.
7.可信赖的；可靠的
final
adj.
最后的；最终的
finally
adv.
8.最后；终于
[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Jack
has
a
1.preference
(prefer)
for
a
job
with
frequent
trips
to
foreign
countries.After
2.graduation
(graduate)
from
Harvard，he
works
in
a
company
as
an
3.organizer
(organize)
of
advertising
campaigns.Being
efficient
and
4.reliable
(rely)，he
has
got
a
good
salary.Last
month，he
came
to
China
for
sales
promotion.Though
his
inability
to
speak
Chinese
put
him
at
a
5.disadvantage
(advantage)，he
carried
out
his
work
with
great
courage
and
6.determination
(determine)．Of
course，he
achieved
success
7.finally
(final)．
词法新图谱——核心词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
prefer
vt.
更喜欢
preferring
preferred
persuade
vt.
说服；劝说
persuading
persuaded
graduate
vi.
毕业
graduating
graduated
schedule
vt.
为某事安排时间
scheduling
scheduled
organize
vt.
组织；成立
organizing
organized
determine
vt.
决定；确定；下定决心
determining
determined
view
vt.
观看；注视；考虑
viewing
viewed
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
When
he
was
young，Martin
1.preferred
(prefer)
fashion
rather
than
anything
else.After
2.graduating
(graduate)
from
college，he
found
a
job
in
a
clothes
company，3.determined
(determine)
to
be
a
world
famous
fashion
designer.One
day，he
4.was
scheduled
(schedule)
to
go
to
Los
Angeles，where
he
5.would
organize
(organize)
a
fashion
show
the
next
day，but
he
failed
to
arrive
because
his
flight
was
canceled.Instead
of
6.being
persuaded
(persuade)
to
put
off
the
show，he
decided
to
take
a
train
there.He
reached
Los
Angeles
early
the
next
morning，just
in
time
for
the
fashion
show.
【导学号：11470008】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
George
graduates
from
a
medical
school，but
he
didn't
become
a
doctor.Preferred
charity
work，he
has
found
a
job
in
the
American
Red
Cross.View
his
job
as
a
challenge，he
studies
and
works
hard.Last
week，he
joined
in
a
charity
activity
having
organized
by
the
Red
Cross，which
aimed
to
persuade
people
donate
for
AIDS
virus
carriers.George's
good
performance
made
the
activity
very
successful.
【答案】
George
from
a
medical
school，but
he
didn't
become
a
doctor.
charity
work，he
has
found
a
job
in
the
American
Red
Cross.
his
job
as
a
challenge，he
studies
and
works
hard.Last
week，he
joined
in
a
charity
activity
organized
by
the
Red
Cross，which
aimed
to
persuade
people
donate
for
AIDS
virus
carriers.George's
good
performance
made
the
activity
very
successful.
①prefer
sth.to
sth.或prefer
sth.rather
than
sth.意为“喜欢……而不喜欢……”。
②determine
to
do
sth.或be
determined
to
do
sth.意为“决心去做某事”，前者表示动作，后者表示状态。在句中作伴随状语时，多用determined
to
sth.。
③be
scheduled
to
do
sth.“计划做某事；预定做某事”；as
scheduled“按照预定时间；按计划”；schedule
sth.for...“把某事安排在(某个时间)”。
④persuade
sb.to
do
sth.“说服某人做某事”，其被动语态形式是be
persuaded
to
do
sth.。
⑤view...as...“把……看作……”。
⑥graduate
from...毕业于(某学校)；graduate
in...毕业于(某专业)。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
care
about
关心；忧虑；惦念give
in
(to)
屈服；让步persuade
sb.into
doing
sth.
说服某人做某事prefer
doing...to
doing...
宁愿做……也不做……
complain
about抱怨；think
about考虑；worry
about担心persuade
sb.(not)to
do
sth. 说服某人做(不做)某事prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...
宁愿做……也不做……
名介
attitude
to/towards...对……的态度
What's
your
attitude
towards
this
question？你对这个问题有什么看法？
介名
on
schedule
准时；按照预定时间in
one's
view
在某人看来
He
could
have
finished
it
on
schedule，but
somehow
he
fell
behind.他原本能按预定进度做完这件事的，但不知怎地却落后了。
形介
be
fond
of
喜爱；喜欢
Believe
it
or
not，I
am
fond
of
pop
music.信不信由你，我喜欢流行音乐。
动名
change
one's
mind 改变主意get
a
good
view
of
清楚地看到
Nothing
will
make
me
change
my
mind.什么都不能让我改变主意。
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Ever
since
his
childhood，Jack
has
been
fond
1.of
travelling.He
often
makes
plans
for
his
trips，but
he
doesn't
care
2.about
details.Any
plan，3.in
his
view，may
be
changed
a
bit.One
day，he
was
shown
around
an
old
tower，on
top
of
which
people
could
get
4.a
good
view
of
the
whole
city.After
that，he
planned
to
climb
a
mountain，but
bad
weather
caused
him
not
to
arrive
5.on
schedule.He
changed
6.his
mind，bought
some
souvenirs
in
a
nearby
shop
and
went
back
home.
【导学号：11470009】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
John
prefers
meat
more
to
vegetables
for
his
meal.He
also
fond
of
snacks.His
wife
often
tries
to
persuade
him
into
reduced
some
weight，but
in
vain.Despite
being
overweight，he
holds
a
positive
attitude
at
problems
in
daily
life.Instead
of
giving
up
to
them，he
does
what
he
can
to
find
a
way
out.He
is
a
man
who
never
worries
about
any
trouble.
【答案】
John
prefers
meat
to
vegetables
for
his
meal.He
also
fond
of
snacks.His
wife
often
tries
to
persuade
him
into
some
weight，but
in
vain.Despite
being
overweight，he
holds
a
positive
attitude
problems
in
daily
life.Instead
of
giving
to
them，he
does
what
he
can
to
find
a
way
out.He
is
a
man
who
never
worries
about
any
trouble.
句法新天地——重点句型
insist＋that从句
[教材原句] Although
she
didn't
know
the
best
way
of
getting
to
places，she
insisted
that
she
organize
the
trip
properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
insist意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”，后接宾语从句。宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，即谓语结构为should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
The
school
insisted
that
a
good
school(should)have
strict
rules
and
regulations.
校方坚持主张一所好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。
(1)
insist后接that宾语从句，其内容为“一种说法、看法或事实”时，从句则不采用虚拟语气，而是要用陈述语气。
(2)insist
on
(doing)
sth.坚持做某事。
On
the
contrary，the
volunteers
insist
that
they
have
got
tired
of
the
life
on
the
earth.
正相反，志愿者们坚持说他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活。
The
old
man
insisted
on
completing
the
marathon，even
though
he
was
exhausted.
老人坚持完成马拉松，即使他已经精疲力竭了。
主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
[教材原句] When
I
told
her
the
air
would
be
hard
to
breathe
and
it
would
be
very
cold，she
said
it
would
be
an
interesting
experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，会呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
the
air
would
be
hard
to
breathe是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中the
air是breathe的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
This
machine
is
very
easy
to
operate.Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.
这台机器很容易操作。任何人学习几分钟就会使用。
使用此结构须具备两个条件：
(1)形容词多为：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
I
like
getting
up
very
early
in
summer.The
morning
air
is
so
good
to
breathe.
在夏季我喜欢早点起床。能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。
The
armchair
looks
rather
hard，but
in
fact
it
is
very
comfortable
to
sit
in.
这扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。
no
matter
how
[教材原句] A
determined
person
always
tries
to
finish
the
job,
no
matter
how
hard
it
is.
一个意志坚定的人，无论工作多艰难，总是设法完成。
no
matter
how意为“不管怎样；无论多么”，用来引导让步状语从句，在意义上相当于however。
I
also
learned
to
stay
positive
no
matter
how
rough
things
seem
to
be.我还学到了无论事情多么艰难都要有积极向上的心态。
no
matter后面可接的疑问词还有what，which，when，where，who。
so...that...
[教材原句] At
one
point
we
were
so
high
that
we
found
ourselves
cycling
through
clouds.
在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，仿佛骑车穿越云层。
so...that...结构意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。
He
walked
so
fast
that
I
couldn't
follow
him.
他走得太快，我都跟不上了。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
My
brother
is
so
stubborn
1.that
he
seldom
changes
his
mind.For
example，he
insists
that
he
2.cycle
(cycle)
to
work
no
matter
3.what
the
weather
is
like.However，he
has
had
to
give
in
4.to
the
terrible
air
recently.Since
the
air
is
bad
5.to
breathe
(breathe)，he
has
no
choice
but
to
drive
to
work.Sadly，with
more
people
6.driving
(drive)
cars，air
pollution
is
becoming
increasingly
serious.
【导学号：11470010】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Our
boss
insisted
that
the
project
was
completed
on
schedule，but
there
were
so
many
problems，which
were
difficult
to
deal，that
it
seemed
impossible.The
boss
later
declared
that
no
matter
whom
handled
the
problems
properly，he
would
be
heavily
rewarded.It
did
work.Surprisingly，the
project
was
finished
three
days
ahead
of
the
schedule!
【答案】
Our
boss
insisted
that
the
project
completed
on
schedule，but
there
were
so
many
problems，which
were
difficult
to
deal
，that
it
seemed
impossible.The
boss
later
declared
that
no
matter
handled
the
problems
properly，he
would
be
heavily
rewarded.It
did
work.Surprisingly，the
project
was
finished
three
days
ahead
of
schedule!
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．The
first
edition
of
the
magazine
was
published
in
1960，and
has
been
(be)
a
best seller
ever
since.
2．A
cook
will
be
immediately
fired
if
he
is
found
smoking
(smoke)
in
the
kitchen.
3．I
just
wonder
what
it
is
that
makes
him
so
excited.
4．In
spite
of
her
problems，she
carried
on
working
as
usual.
5．After
graduation，she
couldn't
wait
to
return
(return)
to
her
hometown.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Dogs
will
keep
your
company
for
as
long
as
you
want
when
you
are
feeling
lonely.
your→you
2．Dressing
in
a
white
uniform，he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.
Dressing→Dressed
3．Not
being
unable
to
speak
French
fluently
puts
him
at
disadvantage.
disadvantage前加a
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
My
aunt
is
often
found
seating
at
the
doorway，with
a
cat
keeping
her
a
company.Her
son
left
home
half
a
year
ago，and
she
had
been
expecting
his
letter
ever
since.The
remote
village
leaves
us
in
a
disadvantage
when
we
contact
the
outside
world.This
morning，she
was
in
her
chair，dreaming
away
as
usually.At
about
10
o'clock，a
man
being
dressed
in
white
appeared.She
was
wondering
what
it
was
which
the
man
would
do
when
he
handed
her
a
letter.Yes，it
was
from
her
son!
【答案】
My
aunt
is
often
found
at
the
doorway，with
a
cat
keeping
her
company.Her
son
left
home
half
a
year
ago，and
she
been
expecting
his
letter
ever
since.The
remote
village
leaves
us
a
disadvantage
when
we
contact
the
outside
world.This
morning，she
was
in
her
chair，dreaming
away
as
.At
about
10
o'clock，a
man
dressed
in
white
appeared.She
was
wondering
what
it
was
the
man
would
do
when
he
handed
her
a
letter.Yes，it
was
from
her
son!
【导学号：11470011】
①ever
since“自从；自那以后”，常与现在完成时连用。
②find
sb.doing
sth.“发现某人在做某事”；find...done“发现……被……”。但find
sb.sitting与find
sb.seated意义相同，意为“发现某人坐着”。
③what
it
is
that...是一个名词性从句，但使用了it
is...that强调句型的一种特殊形式。
④as
usual
“照常；像往常那样”，类似短语如：than
usual“比平时”。
⑤can
not/hardly
wait
to
do
sth.“迫不及待地要做某事”；can
not/hardly
wait
for
sth.“急切想得到某物”。
⑥keep
pany
“陪伴某人”，是固定短语，此时company是不可数名词，意为“陪伴”，又如：for
company
“作为同伴；陪着”。
⑦be
dressed
in“穿着……”，表示状语。a
man
dressed
in
white“一个穿着白色衣服的人”。
⑧put/leave
sb.at
a
disadvantage是固定短语，意为“使某人处于不利地位或劣势”。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
Jack非常喜欢(be
fond
of)旅游。今年夏天他想骑自行车(cycle)去青海湖。但是他觉得一个人太孤单，就极力说服(persuade)我们和他一起去。他很值得信赖(reliable)，也非常好相处(get
along
with)。他关注(care
about)准备工作的每个细节，选择好了路线(route)，制订了日程表(schedule)。尽管我们碰到了很多困难，但是多亏了他的决心(determination)和超强的组织能力，我们玩得非常愉快。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第二句：cycle后加to 第三句：joining→join/to→into 第四句：去掉us 第六句：choose→chose 第七句：thank→thanks 必修1 Unit
1 Friendship
Jack，a
teenager，felt
quite
upset
because
he
thought
his
teacher
ignored
him
on
purpose.His
partner
was
much
concerned
about
him.She
exactly
understood
what
he
was
suffering
from，but
she
disagreed
with
his
idea
of
dropping
out.She
encouraged
him
to
settle
his
problem
by
talking
with
his
teacher
face
to
face.Soon
Jack
recovered
from
depression
and
concentrated
entirely
on
his
studies.How
grateful
he
was
to
his
partner！
默写识记
◆默写单词
1.upset
adj.
心烦意乱的；不安的
vt.
使不安；使心烦
2.ignore
vt.
不理睬；忽视
3.calm
vt.&
vi.
(使)平静
adj.
平静的；镇静的
4.concern
vt.
(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
n.
担心；关注；(利害)关系
5.entire
adj.
整个的；完全的；全部的
6.power
n.
能力；力量；权力
7.settle
vt.
使定居；安排；解决
8.suffer
vt.&
vi.
遭受；经历
9.recover
vi.&
vt.
痊愈；恢复；重新获得
10.disagree
vi.
不同意
◆记住词义
1.loose
adj.
松的；松开的
2.series
n．
连续；系列
3.thunder
vi.
打雷n. 雷；雷声
4.curtain
n．
窗帘；门帘；帷幕
5.partner
n．
伙伴；搭档；合伙人
6.pack
vi.&
vt.
捆扎；包装；打行李
n.
小包；包裹
7.teenager
n．
十几岁的青少年
8.exactly
adv.
确实如此；确切地
9.grateful
adj.
感激的；表示谢意的
10.item
n．
条款；项目；一条
◆写出短语
1.add
up
合计
2.go
through
经历；经受
3.set
down
记下；放下；登记
4.a
series
of
一连串的；一系列
5.on
purpose
故意
6.at
dusk
在黄昏时刻
7.face
to
face
面对面地
8.no
longer
不再……
9.get/be
tired
of
对……厌烦
10.get
along
with
与……相处；进展
11.fall
in
love
爱上
12.join
in
参加；加入
13.be
concerned
about
关心；挂念
14.suffer
from
遭受；患病
联想拓展
否定前缀dis
1.dislike
不喜欢
2.disappear
消失；不见
3.disappoint
使失望
4.discourage
使泄气；劝阻
5.disapprove
不赞同；不同意
短语串记
1.add
to
增加；增添
2.add...to...
把……加到……
3.add
up
to
加起来总计是
4.total
up
to
加起来总计是
－－－－－－－－－－－
5.shoulder
to
shoulder
肩并肩
6.neck
to
neck
并驾齐驱；肩并肩
7.arm
in
arm
挽臂；携手
8.hand
in
hand
手拉手
9.step
by
step
逐步地
10.word
for
word
逐字地
－－－－－－－－－－－
11.set
off
出发；引爆
12.set
out
出发；开始
13.set
up
成立；设立
14.set
aside
储蓄；搁置
15.set
about
开始做
－－－－－－－－－－－
16.go
over
重温；复习
17.go
up
上升；上涨
18.go
by
经过；时光流逝
19.go
against
违背
20.go
out
外出；熄灭
－－－－－－－－－－－
21.get
through
通过；接通
22.get
over
翻过；克服
23.get
around
绕开；传播
24.get
across
横过；被理解
25.get
away
with
(做错事)逃脱处罚
经典例句
①Her
father
dislikes
her
staying
away
from
home，for
her
safety
of
course.她爸爸不喜欢她离开家，当然是出于安全考虑。
②It
was
reported
that
two thirds
of
Germans
disapproved
of
sending
soldiers
to
Congo.报道说，三分之二的德国人反对向刚果派兵。
③There
were
several
new
events
added
to
the
programs
for
the
Beijing
Olympic
Games.
北京奥运会增加了几个新的比赛项目。
④He
repeated
that
story
word
for
word
from
memory.他凭记忆一字不差地复述了那个故事。
⑤Peter
set
aside
a
little
money
every
month
so
that
he
can
buy
a
car
of
his
own
in
the
near
future.皮特每个月存一点钱，以便不久的将来能买辆自己的车。
⑥When
we
are
getting
excited，angry
or
scared，our
bodies
also
go
through
many
physical
changes.当我们激动、生气或害怕时，我们的身体也会经历许多生理变化。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
loose
adj.
松的；松开的
loosely
adv.
1.松；松散地
entire
adj.
整个的；完全的；全部的
entirely
adv.
2.完全地；全然地
agree
v．
同意
disagree
v.agreeable
adj.(dis)agreement
n．
3.不同意4.同意的；惬意的5.(不)一致
power
n．
能力；力量；权力
powerful
adj.powerless
adj.
6.强大的；有力的7.无力的；无能的
suffer
v．
遭受；忍受；经历
suffering
n．
8.苦难；受苦
recover
v．
痊愈；恢复；重新获得
recovery
n．
9.痊愈；恢复
exact
adj.
确切的
exactly
adv.
10.确切地；正是
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Li
Hua
is
sitting
on
the
bed，a
curl
of
black
hair
falling
1.loosely(loose)
across
his
forehead.Because
the
hospital
supplies
an
2.agreeable(agree)
environment，he
is
gaining
weight
after
his
3.recovery(recover)
from
his
injury.Three
months
ago，a
terrible
earthquake
struck
his
city，which
caused
great
4.sufferings(suffer)
and
losses
to
the
local
people.Li
Hua
got
hurt
when
he
tried
to
help
others.He
said，“We
are
5.powerless(power)
to
prevent
disasters
but
we
can
do
something
about
the
way
we
respond
to
them.”
Ⅱ.单句填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
【导学号：11470000】
1．While
I
disagree
(agree)
with
much
of
what
Jack
wrote，he
does
make
some
sound
points.
2．You
copied
this
work
off
Paul
because
you've
made
exactly
(exact)
the
same
mistakes.
3．To
learn
from
foreign
countries
is
entirely
(entire)
different
from
worshipping
everything
foreign.
词法新图谱——核心词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
upset
vt.
使不安；使心烦
upsetting
upset
ignore
vt.
不理睬；忽视
ignoring
ignored
concern
vt.
(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
concerning
concerned
settle
vt.
使定居；安排；解决
settling
settled
suffer
vt.&
vi.
遭受；忍受；经历
suffering
suffered
recover
vi.&
vt.
痊愈；恢复；重新获得
recovering
recovered
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
I'm
a
positive
person
but
there
is
still
something
that
makes
me
feel
1.upset
(upset)．Yesterday
I
saw
Tom
and
tried
to
draw
his
attention
but
I
2.was
ignored(ignore)．We
quarreled
last
week
and
it
seemed
that
he
was
still
angry
with
me.As
far
as
I
3.am
concerned
(concern)，something
must
be
done
4.to
settle
(settle)
our
disagreement.I
wish
our
friendship
5.would
be
recovered
(recover)
soon.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Early
in
1848，gold
seekers
were
settled
in
favored
parts
of
California，trying
to
make
big
fortunes.In
this
process，the
native
Indians'
human
rights
were
completely
ignoring，their
population
suffered
a
severe
decline.Besides，their
living
environment
was
badly
destroyed，which，experts
estimated，would
take
years
recover.
【答案】
Early
in
1848，gold
seekers
settled
in
favored
parts
of
California，trying
to
make
big
fortunes.In
this
process，the
native
Indians'
human
rights
were
completely
，their
population
a
severe
decline.Besides，their
living
environment
was
badly
destroyed，which，experts
estimated，would
take
years
recover.
①feel
upset“感到心烦”；keep
upsetting
him“不停地烦忧他”。
②be
ignored“被忽视”；had
been
ignored是过去完成时的被动语态。过去完成时的构成：主动语态是had
done，被动语态是had
been
done。
③as
far
as
I
am
concerned“我认为”，相当于in
my
opinion/view；as
far
as...is
concerned“就……而言”；the
departments
concerned“有关部门”；concerning“关于”，相当于about。
④settle
an
agreement“解决分歧”；the
first
to
settle“第一批定居下来的人”：the
first/second...,
the
last,
the
only,
the
next以及它们修饰的名词的后面常接动词不定式作定语。
⑤be
recovered“被修复；被找到”；recover
from“从……痊愈或恢复过来”。
⑥their
population
suffering
a
severe
decline“他们的人口数量遭遇到严重的下滑”，是独立主格结构作状语；has
been
suffering是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时的构成：have/has
been
doing，表示从过去一直持续到现在，还可能继续进行下去的动作。
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
suffer
from
遭受；患病recover
from
从……恢复过来
He's
still
recovering
from
his
operation.手术后，他仍在恢复之中。
动副
settle
down
定居下来；安静下来pack
up
打包add
up
合计
calm
down
镇定下来join
in
参加；加入set
down
记下；登记
形介
be
upset
about/over
为……心烦/难过be
concerned
about
关心；挂念be/get
tired
of
厌烦；不喜欢be/get
tired
with/from
因……而疲劳be
grateful
to
sb.
感激某人
be
worried
about
为……担心be
anxious
about
为……担心be
sick
of
厌烦；不喜欢be
bored
with
厌烦；不喜欢be
tired
out
筋疲力尽
介名
on
purpose故意
by
design故意地
by
accident偶然地
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Japan's
nuclear
leak
might
cause
a
catastrophe.People
are
deeply
concerned
1.about
the
potential
health
threat.Ayumi
Hamasaki's
5 year old
son
is
suffering
2.from
health
problems
probably
because
of
exposure
to
the
radiation.They
have
been
very
depressed
and
upset
3.about
this
whole
situation.Recently
Ayumi
Hamasaki
and
his
family
have
decided
to
pack
4.up
and
move
to
another
place，hoping
his
child
will
recover
5.from
illness
after
settling
6.down
in
a
more
favourable
environment.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
I
am
tired
from
being
alone.Whenever
I'm
free，I
like
travelling
together
with
my
family
or
friends.A
long
trip
usually
makes
us
tired
down.However，none
of
us
gets
boring
with
being
close
to
nature.We
have
a
break
for
a
while
when
we
feel
a
little
tired
of
all
the
walking
and
then
continue
our
way.Travelling
makes
me
really
joyful.
【答案】
I
am
tired
being
alone.Whenever
I'm
free，I
like
travelling
together
with
my
family
or
friends.A
long
trip
usually
makes
us
tired
.However，none
of
us
gets
with
being
close
to
nature.We
have
a
break
for
a
while
when
we
feel
a
little
tired
all
the
walking
and
then
continue
our
way.Travelling
makes
me
really
joyful.
【导学号：11470001】
句法新天地——重点句型
while
doing句式
[教材原句] While
walking
the
dog，you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.
遛狗时，你一不小心松了手，结果狗被车撞了。
While
walking
the
dog是While
you
were
walking
the
dog的省略形式。当While引导时间状语从句，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将主语及动词be省略。
While
walking
in
the
park，he
met
an
old
friend
by
chance.
在公园散步时，他偶遇一位老朋友。
He
was
so
tired
that
he
fell
asleep
while
reading
the
newspaper.
他很累，看着报纸就睡着了。
when，if，once，unless也有类似用法，但它们后面既可接现在分词，也可接过去分词。
When
completed，the
museum
will
be
open
to
the
public
next
year.完工以后，这家博物馆将在明年向公众开放。
When
comparing
cultures，we
often
notice
the
differences
but
ignore
the
similarities.在比较不同文化时，我们经常注重其差异而忽视其相似之处。
before构成的句式
[教材原句] She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty five
months
before
they
were
discovered.
她和家人躲藏了将近二十五个月，后来被发现了。
before常用于某些句式中，可翻译为“……以后才……”，“还没……就……”，“还没来得及……就……”或“不等……就……”。
We
had
sailed
four
days
and
four
nights
before
we
saw
lands.
我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。
We
hadn't
run
a
mile
before
he
felt
tired.
我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。
含before的常见句式有：(使用电脑手写字体)
It
won't
be
long
before...不久后就会……
It
wasn't
long
before...没过多久就……
It
will
be...before...要过……之后才……
It
was...before...过了……后才……
It
won't
take
long
before...要不了多久就会……
It
didn't
take
long
before...不久后就……
it
is
the
first
time
that...句式
[教材原句] ...it
was
the
first
time
in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I'd
seen
the
night
face
to
face.
……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
It/This
is
the
first/second/third
time
that...是一常见句式，意为“这是某人第一/二/三次……”，that从句中的时态通常用现在完成时。如前面是It
was，则从句中用过去完成时。
It
was
the
second
time
that
I
had
missed
such
a
chance.
这是我第二次错失这种机会了。
This
is
the
first
time
when
I
have
come
to
this
city.
我是第一次来这个城市。
there
was
a
time
when...句式
[教材原句] ...there
was
a
time
when
a
deep
blue
sky，the
song
of
the
birds，moonlight
and
flowers
could
never
have
kept
me
spellbound.
……曾经有段时间蓝色的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花都会让我迷恋。
There
was
a
time
when...是很常用的句式，意为“曾经有段时间……；曾经一度……”，when引导的是定语从句。
There
was
a
time
when
my
son
was
crazy
about
computer
games.
曾经有段时间，我儿子痴迷于电脑游戏。
There
was
a
time
when
I
got
very
tired
of
studying
physics.
曾经有段时间我很讨厌学物理。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
1．There
was
a
time
when
I
became
crazy
about
computer
games.I
played
every
night，2.forgetting
(forget)
all
about
my
homework.One
day，while
3.playing
(play)
games，I
suddenly
found
my
computer
broke
down.I
hurried
to
the
Internet
bar
and
went
on
with
the
game.Weeks
later，I
scored
56
in
the
maths
test.4.It
was
the
first
time
that
I
5.had
failed
(fail)
the
exam.I
realized
how
foolish
I
was
and
decided
to
change.It
was
not
long
6.before
I
got
myself
back
and
everything
returned
to
normal.
【导学号：11470002】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
There
was
a
time
that
my
child
hated
to
go
to
school.He
didn't
get
over
well
with
his
deskmate.When
questioning
about
the
reason，he
said
that
they
had
a
fight
while
played
football
and
thus
their
friendship
came
to
end.It
was
the
first
time
when
I
had
had
a
serious
talk
with
my
child.Having
been
realized
that
he
had
done
wrong，he
decided
to
apologize
to
his
deskmate.It
didn't
take
long
after
they
became
good
friends
again.
【答案】
There
was
a
time
my
child
hated
to
go
to
school.He
didn't
get
well
with
his
deskmate.When
about
the
reason，he
said
that
they
had
a
fight
while
football
and
thus
their
friendship
came
to
end.It
was
the
first
time
I
had
had
a
serious
talk
with
my
child.Having
realized
that
he
had
done
wrong，he
decided
to
apologize
to
his
deskmate.It
didn't
take
long
they
became
good
friends
again.
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．My
friend
can't
go
to
the
film
until
he
finishes
cleaning
(clean)
his
bicycle.
2．My
son
broke
his
friend's
bike
and
I
had
to
pay
to
get
it
repaired
(repair)．
3．I
stayed
awake
(wake)
all
night，preparing
for
the
next
day's
speech.
4．He
happened
to
be
upstairs
writing
something
when
the
fire
broke
out.
5．In
my
view，it's
no
pleasure
going
(go)
camping
on
such
a
foggy
day.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Whatever
happens，we
must
stay
calmly
before
finding
a
wise
solution.
2．In
recent
years，food
safety
has
become
the
growing
concern
in
China.
3．It
is
of
great
benefit
for
us
to
take
more
outdoors
activities.
4．When
an
earthquake
happens，stay
outdoor
in
an
open
area.
5．I
find
my
new
partner
quite
difficult
to
get
along，which
upsets
me
a
bit.
6．I
dislike
when
others
laugh
at
me
in
public
or
think
poorly
of
me
behind.
【答案】 1.calmly→calm 2.the→a 3.outdoors→outdoor 4.outdoor→outdoors 5.along后加with 6.dislike后加it
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Recently
campus
violence
has
become
public
concern
since
a
series
crimes
happened.Many
students
dislike
stay
in
the
classroom
all
day.They
take
plenty
of
outdoors
exercise.However，quarrels
often
occur.Some
can't
remain
calmly
and
begin
shouting
rudely
at
others，and
then
fights
break
out.In
order
prevent
such
violence，school
authorities
must
take
effective
measures.
【答案】
Recently
campus
violence
has
become
public
concern
since
a
series
crimes
happened.Many
students
dislike
in
the
classroom
all
day.They
take
plenty
of
exercise.However，quarrels
often
occur.Some
can't
remain
and
begin
shouting
rudely
at
others，and
then
fights
break
out.In
order
prevent
such
violence，school
authorities
must
take
effective
measures.
【导学号：11470003】
①finish
doing
sth.：finish后可接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式。
②get
sth.done：done是过去分词作宾补，与前面的sth.是被动关系，与get
sb.to
do
sth.不同。
③stay
awake：“不睡觉；很清醒”，stay作系动词用，后接形容词作表语。
④happen
to
do
sth.：“碰巧做某事”，还有happen
to
be
doing，happen
to
have
done，happen
to
be...等几种变化。
⑤it's
fun/pleasure
doing
sth.：固定句型，此时只用动名词，不可用动词不定式。
⑥stay/remain/keep
calm：“保持镇定”，此时stay，remain和keep是系动词。
⑦a
(major/great)
concern：concern作名词，当作“令人关注的事；令人关心的事”解时，是可数名词，前面要加不定冠词。
⑧outdoors，outdoor：前者是副词，后者是形容词。
⑨get
along
with：“与……相处；……进展……”
⑩dislike
doing：dislike后要接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式，与like的用法不大相同。另外，like/dislike可构成句型：like/dislike
it
when...。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
两个月前，李华前往(set
off)加拿大读书深造。那是他第一次(the
first
time)离开父母。两个月来他饱受(suffer)孤独之苦，父母非常担心(concern)他的生活与安全。为了(in
order
to)从烦恼(upset)中恢复(recover)过来，李华决定与同学们搞好关系(get
along
with)，尽快适应新环境，并安顿下来(settle
down)投入到学习中去。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第二句：There→It 第三句：suffered前加has 第四句：parents后加are 第五句：upset前加being 第五句：nice→nicely/well必修1 Unit
5 Nelson
Mandela—a
modern
hero
President
Mandela，founder
of
the
Republic
of
South
Africa，was
generous
and
selflessly
helped
those
who
were
uneducated
and
needed
legal
guidance.He
appeared
on
the
political
stage
in
his
twenties.He
worked
actively
in
the
Youth
League,
devoted
to
fighting
for
equal
rights
for
the
blacks.His
enemies
fiercely
attacked
him.He
narrowly
escaped
being
murdered
several
times.Despite
their
cruelty，he
stuck
to
his
principle:
making
peace
through
dialogue
rather
than
violence
and
terror.His
good
qualities
were
well
rewarded.He
was
deeply
loved
by
his
people.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1．quality
n．
质量；品质；性质
2．active
adj.
积极的；活跃的
3．devote
vt.
献身；专心于
4．guidance
n.
指导；领导
5．stage
n.
舞台；阶段；时期
6．vote
v.
投票；选举
n.
投票；选票；表决
7．attack
vt.
进攻；攻击；抨击
8．equal
adj.
相等的；平等的
9．escape
vi.&
vt.
逃脱；逃走；避开
10．reward
n.
报酬；奖金
vt.
酬劳；奖赏
11．opinion
n.
意见；看法；主张
12．educate
vt.
教育；训练
◆记住词义
1．mean
adj.
吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
2．generous
adj.
慷慨的；大方的
3．found
vt.
建立；建设
4．principle
n.
法则；原则；原理
5．legal
adj.
法律的；依照法律的
6．violence
n.
暴力；暴行
7．willing
adj.
乐意的；自愿的
8．beg
vi.
请求；乞求
9．relative
n.
亲戚；亲属
10．cruelty
n.
残忍；残酷
11．sentence
vt.
判决；宣判
12．president
n.
总统；会长；校长；行长
◆写出短语
1．out
of
work
失业
2．as
a
matter
of
fact
事实上
3．blow
up
使充气；爆炸
4．in
trouble
在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
5．turn
to
求助于；致力于
6．lose
heart
丧失勇气或信心
7．come
to
power
当权；上台
8．set
up
设立；建立
9．be
sentenced
to
被判处……(徒刑)
联想拓展
名词后缀 ance
1．Guidance
指导；领导
2．appearance
出现
3．performance
履行；表演
4．assistance
帮助
5．insurance
保险
短语串记
1．lose
one's
heart
to
爱上……
2．learn
sth.by
heart
背诵；记牢
3．put
one's
heart
into
专心于
－－－－－－－－－－－
4．in
danger
处于危险中
5．in
power
当权；掌权
6．in
debt
负债累累
7．in
progress
在进行中
－－－－－－－－－－－
8．get
into
trouble
陷入困境；惹麻烦
9．get
out
of
trouble
摆脱困境
10．have
trouble
in
doing
sth./with
sth.
做某事有困难/麻烦
11．take
the
trouble
to
do
sth.
尽力做某事
－－－－－－－－－－－
12．put
sb.to
the
trouble
of
doing
sth.
麻烦某人做某事
13．turn
down
关小；拒绝
14．turn
away
拒绝……入内；把……打发走
15．turn
up
出现；露面；调大
16．turn
out
证明是；结果是；赶走；生产
17．turn
over
打翻；翻身；移交
－－－－－－－－－－－
18．out
of
breath
上气不接下气
19．out
of
danger
脱离危险
20．out
of
control
失控
21．out
of
order
出故障
经典例句
①Activities
all
take
place
under
the
guidance
of
an
experienced
tutor.所有活动都在经验丰富的导师指导下进行。
②Despite
his
cries，no
one
came
to
his
assistance.尽管他喊叫，却没人来帮助他。
③It
was
an
impressive
performance
by
the
French
team.那是法国队一次令人叹服的表现。
④Children's
lives
are
in
danger
every
time
they
cross
this
road.孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险。
⑤The
children
are
completely
out
of
control
since
their
father
left.这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。
⑥The
game
was
already
in
progress
when
we
took
our
seats.我们坐下来的时候，比赛已经开始了。
⑦My
brother
was
always
getting
me
into
trouble
with
my
parents.以前我弟弟经常连累我遭父母的责难。
⑧The
house
they
had
offered
us
turned
out
to
be
a
tiny
apartment.
他们向我们提供的房子原来是很小的公寓套房。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
devote
vt.
献身；专心于
devotion
n．
1.热爱；投入
peace
n．
和平
peaceful
adj.peacefully
adv.
2.和平的；平静的；安宁的3．平静地；和平地
violent
adj.
暴力的；猛烈的
violence
n.violently
adv.
4.暴力；暴行5．激烈地；剧烈地
equal
adj.
相等的；平等的
equally
adv.equality
n．
6.同样地；相等地；公平地7．平等；相等
guide
v．
指导；带领
guidance
n．
8.指导；领导
cruel
adj.
残忍的；残酷的
cruelty
n．
9.残忍；残酷
young
adj.
年轻的；青春的
youth
n．
10.青年；青年时期
educate
vt.
教育；训练；培养
education
n．
11.教育；教育学；训练
[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Hiller
received
his
1.education
(educate)
in
Britain.In
his
2.youth
(young)，his
ambition
was
to
help
blacks
gain
3.equality
(equal)，freedom
and
justice.At
that
time，deliberate
4.cruelty
(cruel)
to
blacks
was
common.He
witnessed
much
5.violent
(violence)
behaviour
to
blacks.With
his
6.guidance
(guide)，black
people
fought
for
their
human
rights
in
a
7.peaceful
(peace)
manner.He
worked
very
hard
and
his
8.devotion
(devote)
to
his
career
won
him
great
honour.
【导学号：11470016】
词法新图谱——核心词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
devote
vt.
献身；专心于
devoting
devoted
vote
vt.&
vi.
投票；选举；提议
voting
voted
attack
vt.
进攻；攻击；抨击
attacking
attacked
escape
vi.&
vt.
逃脱；逃走；泄露
escaping
escaped
educate
vt.
教育；训练
educating
educated
reward
vt.
酬劳；奖赏
rewarding
rewarded
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Ladies
and
gentlemen，it's
time
for
us
1.to
vote
(vote)
to
choose
the
star
in
our
community.One
candidate
is
Amy.2.Devoted
(devote)
to
3.educating
(educate)
deaf
children，she
4.has
been
rewarded
(reward)
with
many
titles.The
other
candidate
is
Tommy，an
anti terrorist
expert.He
has
managed
to
prevent
terrorists
from
5.attacking
(attack)
some
public
places.OK.Let's
begin.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
A
man，who
had
been
charged
with
attack
a
police
station
with
bombs，was
escaped
from
the
prison
last
night.Many
policemen
together
with
two
devoting
police
dogs
are
searching
for
him
everywhere.Officials
say
whoever
helps
to
find
the
man
is
to
well
rewarded.They
also
vote
for
that
parents
educate
their
children
to
keep
strangers
at
a
distance.
【答案】
A
man，who
had
been
charged
with
a
police
station
with
bombs，
escaped
from
the
prison
last
night.Many
policemen
together
with
two
police
dogs
are
searching
for
him
everywhere.Officials
say
whoever
helps
to
find
the
man
is
to
well
rewarded.They
also
vote
that
parents
educate
their
children
to
keep
strangers
at
a
distance.
【导学号：11470017】
①vote
to
do
sth.“为做某事而投票；一致认为做某事”；vote
on或have
a
vote
on
“对……进行投票表决”。
②devote
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.“献身于……；致力于……”；be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth.“专心于；喜欢……”；devoted还可作“忠心的；忠诚的”解，如：a
devoted
friend忠心的朋友。
③reward
sb.for
sth.“因某事而奖励某人”；reward
sb.with
sth.“奖励某人某事；用某物回报某人”。be
rewarded
with“获得……奖励；报之以……”。
④be
charged
with
attacking
a
police
station
“被控告袭击警察局”。
⑤escape
from“从……逃脱”；escape
sth.“避免/躲过/逃脱某事”；escape
being
done“没有被……；避免被……”。另外，narrowly
escape...“侥幸逃脱/避免/躲过……”；a
narrow
escape“死里逃生，九死一生”。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
turn
to 求助于；致力于be
sentenced
to
被判处……(徒刑)vote
for
投票支持……vote
against
投票反对……
He
is
kind hearted
and
those
in
trouble
often
turn
to
him
for
help.他心地善良，有困难的人常向他求助。Whether
you
vote
for
or
against
the
plan
doesn't
matter
much.你是赞成还是反对这项计划都不重要。
动副
blow
up 使充气；爆炸set
up
设立；建立
I
wonder
if
the
school
could
set
up
rules
against
such
behaviour.我想知道学校是否能制定规则制止这种行为。
形介
be
equal
to 胜任；与……相等be
equal
with
与……平等be
generous
with
对……慷慨
Any
man
will
be
equal
to
the
task，so
long
as
he
is
careful.You
should
give
it
a
try.只要细心，任何一个人都能胜任这份工作。你应该尝试一下。
动名
lose
heart 丧失勇气或信心take
power掌权lose
power下台；失去权力
come
to
power 当权；上台be
in
power
执政；当权(表状态)
介名
in
reward 作为回报out
of
work
失业as
a
reward
(for)
作为(对……)报酬/奖赏in
trouble
在危险、忧虑等的
处境中be
of
high
quality
高质量
in
reward
for 作为对……的报酬out
of
date
过时的；陈旧的out
of
office
下台；在野
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
When
I
was
out
1.of
work，I
had
no
one
to
turn
2.to
for
help.My
husband
encouraged
me
never
3.to
lose
(lose)
heart.Later
one
of
his
friends
Wu
Dong
dropped
in.He
set
4.up
a
company
a
few
years
ago，making
children's
clothes
5.of
high
quality.He
asked
me
to
work
in
his
company，saying
that
I
should
be
equal
6.to
this
job.How
grateful
I
was
to
him!
He
was
bound
to
get
something
7.in
reward
for
his
kindness.
【导学号：11470018】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
When
the
new
ruler
came
to
the
power，he
carried
on
a
high
pressure
policy.My
uncle
was
sentenced
for
three
years
in
prison
because
he
was
voted
against
the
government's
policy.Angry
supporters
of
my
uncle
blow
up
the
government
office
building
and
forced
the
ruler
to
be
out
of
his
office.
【答案】
When
the
new
ruler
came
to
power，he
carried
on
a
high
pressure
policy.My
uncle
was
sentenced
three
years
in
prison
because
he
voted
against
the
government's
policy.Angry
supporters
of
my
uncle
up
the
government
office
building
and
forced
the
ruler
to
be
out
of
office.
句法新天地——重点句型
无生命的名词作主语；抽象地点名词后接定语从句
[教材原句] The
last
thirty
years
have
seen
the
greatest
number
of
laws
stopping
our
rights
and
progress，until
today
we
have
reached
a
stage
where
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
(1)see在此处的主语为物，意为“见证；目睹”，是一种拟人的用法，可使语言变得生动。see，find等动词表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事，可以使用一个无生命的名词作主语的句式。
(2)句中where引导定语从句，先行词为stage。当先行词是point，situation，stage，condition和case等表示抽象地点的名词，且引导词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句常用where来引导。
The
stone
bridge
saw
many
changes
of
this
city.
这座石桥见证了这个城市的诸多变化。
The
dusk
found
a
little
girl
crying
in
the
street.
黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。
I've
come
to
the
point
where
I
can't
stand
him.
我已到了无法忍受他的地步。
only引导的倒装句
[教材原句] ...only
then
did
we
decide
to
answer
violence
with
violence.
……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语(副词/介词短语/从句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即把主句中的助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。
Only
yesterday
did
his
father
tell
him
the
truth，which
was
a
big
surprise.
直到昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是一个令人吃惊的消息。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
students
study
happily
and
effectively.
我们学生只有以这种方式才能愉快、有效地学习。
若only修饰主语，即使放在句首，句子也不倒装。
连词the
first
time
[教材原句] I
felt
bad
the
first
time
I
talked
to
a
group.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。
句中的the
first
time用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。
The
first
time
I
interviewed
him，he
looked
a
bit
nervous.
我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。
引导时间状语从句的名词短语和连词还有：
(1)each/every
time
每次……的时候
next
time
下次……时
any
time
任何时候
last
time
上次……时
by
the
time
到……为止
(2)the
moment/the
minute/the
instant
一……就……
(3)immediately/directly
一……就……
(4)for
the
first
time
只用作句子的状语，不具有连词功能，
不可用来引导状语从句。
Each/Every
time
I
see
the
old
man
in
the
park，he
is
absorbed
in
reading
papers.
每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。
The
moment
I
came
into
the
classroom，I
saw
the
sentence
on
the
blackboard.
我一走进教室就看到了黑板上的句子。
He
paid
back
the
money
he
owed
us
immediately
he
returned
home.
他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
Recent
years
1.have
seen
(see)
a
tendency
in
China
that
tourism
is
growing
fast.2.Since
more
people
are
travelling
to
places
of
interest，we
suddenly
find
our
country
in
a
situation
3.where
we
lack
top quality
tourism
services.For
example，the
first
4.time
I
went
to
visit
Dali，Yunnan
Province，I
was
badly
treated
in
a
hotel.It's
widely
accepted
that
5.only
by
improving
the
quality
of
service
6.can
we
ensure
the
healthy
development
of
tourism.
【导学号：11470019】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
The
old
temple
has
been
witnessed
great
changes
of
this
village.The
last
time
when
I
came
here，it
was
old
and
shabby.But
now
it
looks
modern
and
tidy.Since
its
economy
is
developing
rapidly，the
villagers
are
well
paid
than
ever
before.Many
people
have
reached
the
point
that
they
should
decide
how
to
get
their
kids
well educated.They
know
that
only
when
the
kids
learn
more
knowledge
can
make
a
greater
contribution
to
their
village
in
the
future.
【答案】
The
old
temple
has
witnessed
great
changes
of
this
village.The
last
time
I
came
here，it
was
old
and
shabby.But
now
it
looks
modern
and
tidy.Since
its
economy
is
developing
rapidly，the
villagers
are
paid
than
ever
before.Many
people
have
reached
the
point
they
should
decide
how
to
get
their
kids
well educated.They
know
that
only
when
the
kids
learn
more
knowledge
can
make
a
greater
contribution
to
their
village
in
the
future.
【导学号：11470020】
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．Mother
often
puts
a
cover
over
the
dishes
after
meals
to
keep
them
free
from
dirt.
2．Our
government
has
taken
measures
to
fight
against
pollution
for
a
clean
environment.
3．I
don't
believe
what
she
said
about
the
accident
though
I
believe
in
her.
4．I
told
your
friend
how
to
get
to
the
hotel，but
perhaps
I
should
have
driven
(drive)
her
there.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He
was
generous
with
his
time，to
which
I
was
grateful.
to→for
2．In
fact
I
do
not
believe
fate；I
only
believe
in
both
hands
to
fight.
fate前加in
3．He
got
badly
injured
yesterday，but
he
can
have
avoided
that.
can→could
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Betty
will
have
an
interview
next
week，and
she
has
been
worried
about
it
for
days.To
keep
herself
free
away
from
anxiety，she
consulted
a
psychologist
this
afternoon，of
whom
she
was
quite
familiar.The
psychologist
joked
that
she
should
have
contact
him
earlier.He
said，“The
most
vital
thing
is
that
you
must
believe
yourself.A
hot
bath
before
sleep
may
help
to
fight
for
negative
emotions
such
as
worries
and
depression.”
【答案】
Betty
will
have
an
interview
next
week，and
she
has
been
worried
about
it
for
days.To
keep
herself
free
from
anxiety，she
consulted
a
psychologist
this
afternoon，whom
she
was
quite
familiar.The
psychologist
joked
that
she
should
have
him
earlier.He
said，“The
most
vital
thing
is
that
you
must
believe
yourself.A
hot
bath
before
sleep
may
help
to
fight
negative
emotions
such
as
worries
and
depression.”
①keep...free
from...“使……免于……；使……削除……”。free
from是一个形容词短语，意为“摆脱；避免；削除；没有”。
②fight
against...“同……作斗争；与……抗争；打击；反对；扼制”；fight
for“为……而战斗/竞争；争取；争夺”。
③believe
in“信任；信仰”；believe相信(某人说的话是真实的)。
④should
have
done“本来该做……”；could
have
done“本来能做……”。表示一种责备语气。
⑤“介词＋which/whom”引导定语从句时，介词的选择有时要看从句中的动词或形容词要与哪个介词搭配。be
grateful
for
sth.“对某事表示感激”；be
grateful
to
sb.“对某人表示感激”。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
我第一次(the
first
time)听说史蒂芬·霍金时，就被他的科学奉献精神(devotion)所感动。
在日常生活中，他经常会遇到麻烦(in
trouble)，比如，只有求助于(turn
to)电脑，他才能讲话、阅读和写作，但是他从来没有丧失过信心(lose
heart)。事实上(as
a
matter
of
fact)，为了实现自己的梦想(achieve
one's
dream)他努力工作。在我看来，他对世界的贡献是无与伦比的(have
no
equal)。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：on→to 第二句：greatly→great 第三句：turns后加to 第四句：去掉is 第五句：achieve前加to
