选修6 Unit
1 Art
Abstract
artists
paint
odd
designs
rather
than
delicate
figures
by
adopting
special
techniques，attempting
to
give
people
strong
visual
impact.However，their
works，all
with
a
specific
aim
of
showing
emotions，are
difficult
to
understand.Conventional
scholars
used
to
predict
that
this
art
would
not
last
long，saying
it
was
evidently
ridiculous.Nowadays
galleries
hold
superb
exhibitions
on
typical
abstract
artworks，many
of
which
display
contemporary
civilizations.Created
by
artists
with
great
reputation，these
works
appeal
to
many
people
who
have
a
preference
for
abstract
art.People
like
collecting
such
works，but
permanent
possession
of
artworks
is
not
easy
because
they
are
fragile，especially
allergic
to
damp
environment.Consequently，most
of
them
disappear
over
time.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1．adopt
vt.
采用；采纳；收养
2．typical
adj.
典型的；有代表性的
3．evident
adj.
明显的；明白的
4．figure
n.
画像；身材；数字
5．possess
vt.
拥有；具有；支配
6．attempt
n.
努力；尝试；企图
vt.
尝试；企图
7．predict
vt.
预言；预告；预测
8．preference
n.
喜爱；偏爱
9．appeal
vi.
有感染力；呼吁求助
vt.
将……上诉
n.
呼吁；恳求
10．aim
n.
目标；目的
vi.&vt.
瞄准；(向某方向)努力
◆记住词义
1．abstract
adj.
抽象的；深奥的
n.
摘要
2．ridiculous
adj.
荒谬的；可笑的
3．controversial
adj.
争论的；争议的
4．reputation
n.
名声；名誉
5．carve
vt.
雕刻；刻记
6．Delicate
adj.
脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的
7．contemporary
adj.
当代的；同时代的
8．permanent
adj.
永久的；持久的
9．district
n.
区；区域；行政区
10．faith
n.
信任；信心；信念
◆写出短语
1．by
coincidence
巧合地
2．on
the
other
hand
(可是)另一方面
3．in
the
flesh
活着的；本人
4．appeal
to
(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
5．break
away
from
脱离；挣脱
6．lie
in
在于
7．scores
of
很多；大量
联想拓展
形容词后缀 less
1．Aimless
没有目标的；无目的的
2．limitless
无限制的；无限期的
3．priceless
无价的
4．hopeless
无望的
5．homeless
无家可归的
名词后缀 tion
1．adoption
收养
2．prediction
预言；预告
3．celebration
庆祝
4．attraction
吸引
5．connection
连接
短语串记
1．lead
to
导致
2．object
to
反对
3．stick
to
坚持
4．refer
to
查阅
－－－－－－－－－－－
5．by
chance/accident
偶然地
6．by
design
故意地
7．by
mistake
错误地
8．by
contrast
相对照
－－－－－－－－－－－
9．break
away
from
摆脱；脱离
10．break
into
(为了盗窃)闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)
11．break
out
爆发；突然发生
12．break
through
突破
－－－－－－－－－－－
13．be
allergic
to
对……过敏
14．be
sensitive
to
对……敏感
15．be
addicted
to
对……上瘾
经典例句
①The
design
has
to
appeal
to
all
ages
and
social
groups.
设计得要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。
②If
you
want
to
know
details
of
all
our
products，please
refer
to
our
catalogue.
如果想了解我们产品的详细信息，请查阅产品目录。
③She
and
I
both
arrived
at
the
same
time
by
pure
coincidence.
我和她同时到达纯属巧合。
④She
restored
the
book
she
had
taken
by
mistake.
她把拿错的书放回了原处。
⑤It
is
difficult
to
break
away
from
a
habit.
改掉一种习惯是困难的。
⑥He
broke
into
a
happy
laugh
and
rubbed
his
hands
together.
他突然发出愉快的笑声，两只手相互搓着。
⑦I
seldom
attend
parties
because
I
am
allergic
to
alcohol.
我很少参加聚会，因为我对酒精过敏。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
faith
n．
信任；信心；信念
faithful
adj.faithfully
adv.
1.忠实的；守信的2．忠实地
possess
vt.
拥有；具有；支配
possession
n．
3.所有；财产
adopt
vt.
采用；采纳；收养
adoption
n．
4.收养；采用
prefer
vt.
喜爱；偏爱
preference
n．
5.喜爱；偏爱
predict
vt.
预言；预测；预告
prediction
n．
6.预言；预测；预告
civilize
v．
使文明；使开化
civilization
n．
7.文明；文化；文明社会
sign
vt.&
vi.
签名
signature
n．
8.署名；签字
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
When
he
was
a
senior
student，Tom
had
a
1.preference
(prefer)
for
maths.He
was
in
2.possession
of
a
strange
way
to
solve
maths
problems.However，his
teacher
made
a
3.prediction
(predict)
that
the
4.adoption
(adopt)
of
that
way
would
lead
him
to
a
wrong
direction
and
advised
Tom
to
change.Tom
followed
his
teacher's
advice
5.faithfully
(faithful)．He
worked
hard
at
maths，and
made
great
progress.Years
later
he
became
a
well known
expert
in
the
maths
field.
Ⅱ.单句填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．The
book
explores
the
relationship
between
religion
and
civilization
(civilize)．
2．When
the
agreement
was
reached，the
secretary
carried
the
papers
to
the
boss
for
his
signature
(sign)．
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
aim
vt.
瞄准；努力
aiming
aimed
adopt
vt.
采用；采纳；收养
adopting
adopted
possess
vt.
拥有；具有；支配
possessing
possessed
attempt
vt.
尝试；企图
attempting
attempted
predict
vt.
预言；预告；预测
predicting
predicted
carve
vt.
雕刻；刻记
carving
carved
appeal
vi.
有感染力；呼吁；求助
appealing
appealed
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Jack
was
fond
of
1.carving
(carve)
things
using
wood.He
2.aimed
(aim)
to
become
a
sculptor.Since
he
3.possessed
(possess)
a
very
good
gift，he
thought
he
could
succeed
by
4.attempting
(attempt)
to
teach
himself.Several
years
passed
but
Jack
failed
to
achieve
his
goal.His
best
friend
Jim
suggested
that
he
take
lessons
with
a
professional
sculptor.The
suggestion
5.was
adopted
(adopt)
and
it
didn't
take
a
few
years
before
Jack
became
a
famous
sculptor.
【导学号：11470102】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Williams
had
been
out
of
work
for
months.It
was
hard
predict
when
he
could
get
a
new
job.One
day
he
was
wandering
in
the
street
when
he
saw
a
restaurant
possessing
by
a
young
couple.He
went
in，was
aimed
at
asking
for
some
water
to
drink.They
chatted
for
some
minutes
and
the
couple's
kind
attitude
has
appealed
to
him.He
was
finally
offered
a
job
in
the
restaurant，which
was
beyond
his
expectation.
【答案】
Williams
had
been
out
of
work
for
months.It
was
hard
predict
when
he
could
get
a
new
job.One
day
he
was
wandering
in
the
street
when
he
saw
a
restaurant
by
a
young
couple.He
went
in，/
aimed
at
asking
for
some
water
to
drink.They
chatted
for
some
minutes
and
the
couple's
kind
attitude
appealed
to
him.He
was
finally
offered
a
job
in
the
restaurant，which
was
beyond
his
expectation.
①aim
at
doing
sth./
aim
to
do
sth.
力求做某事
be
aimed
at
(doing)
sth.
旨在(做)某事
②possess
sth./
be
possessed
of
sth.
拥有；具有
③attempt
to
do
sth.
试图做某事
an
attempted
murder
谋杀未遂
an
attempted
robbery
抢劫未遂
④be
busy
doing
sth.
忙着做某事
⑤It
is
predicted
that...
人们预言……
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
appeal
to
(对某人)有吸引力；呼吁aim
at
向……瞄准；力求……
appeal
to
sb.for
sth./to
do
sth.呼吁/恳求某人做……；make
an
appeal
to
sb.for
sth.为……向某人发出呼吁或请求
动副
figure
out
算出；解决；理解；弄清楚figure
in
把……包括在内；计算在内
I
was
trying
to
figure
out
how
to
swim
to
the
boys
in
a
straight
line.
我想弄明白怎样才能直线游到那些男孩身边。
动名
take
aim
at 向……瞄准have
(one's)
faith
in
相信……；对……有信心lose
faith
(in)
(对……)失去信心make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth.
试图做某事adopt
one's
suggestion/advice
采纳某人的建议
After
repeated
failure，he
lost
faith
in
himself.不断的失败之后，他对自己失去了信心。The
plane
crashed
unexpectedly
when
it
made
an
attempt
to
land/at
landing
at
the
airport.这架飞机在机场试图着陆时意外坠毁了。
形介
be
allergic
to
... 对……过敏be
specific
about
...
对……弄确切
Could
you
be
more
specific
about
what
you're
looking
for
可否请你更明确地说明你要找的是什么？
介名
in
possession
of
拥有on
the
other
hand
另一方面at
one's
first
attempt
某人第一次尝试in
the
flesh
活着的；本人
in
the
possession
of
sb. 被某人所拥有on
(the)
one
hand
...；on
the
other
hand
...一方面……；另一方面(却)……；first(ly)
...；second(ly)
...第一……；第二……；for
one
thing
...；for
another
...一则……；二则……
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Edward
was
1.in
possession
of
rich
imagination.He
liked
to
figure
2.out
how
things
in
space
move
when
he
was
young.Thanks
to
his
effort
and
great
faith
3.in
himself，he
became
a
famous
astronomer，making
a
number
of
scientific
discoveries.Before
his
death，he
put
forward
a
new
theory，aiming
4.at
helping
to
find
more
stars
in
the
universe.His
theory
appeals
greatly
5.to
scientists
of
the
world.
【导学号：11470103】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Bill
wanted
to
invent
a
kind
of
medicine
which
could
cure
people
who
were
allergic
with
pollen(花粉)．He
knew
few
people
would
make
it
in
the
first
attempt.He
had
tried
many
times，but
in
vain.It
was
typical
for
Bill
to
keep
up
high
spirits
when
faced
difficulties.He
made
more
attempts
and
at
last
his
efforts
paid
off.
【答案】
Bill
wanted
to
invent
a
kind
of
medicine
which
could
cure
people
who
were
allergic
pollen(花粉)．He
knew
few
people
would
make
it
the
first
attempt.He
had
tried
many
times，but
in
vain.It
was
typical
Bill
to
keep
up
high
spirits
when
faced
difficulties.He
made
more
attempts
and
at
last
his
efforts
paid
off.
句法新天地——重点句型
虚拟语气
[教材原句] Without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique，we
would
not
be
able
to
see
the
many
great
masterpieces
for
which
this
period
is
famous.
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
介词短语Without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique取代了if引导的非真实条件状语从句(If
there
had
been
no
new
paints
and
new
technique)，主句使用了虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。
Without
your
ticket，I
wouldn't
be
able
to
go
to
the
concert
tomorrow.
要是没有你的票的话，我明天就不能去听音乐会了。
I
wish
to
thank
Professor
Smith，without
whose
help
I
would
never
have
got
this
far.
我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不会走这么远。
除了without之外，but
for，otherwise，but等也常用来表示虚拟条件。
完全倒装
[教材原句] Among
the
painters
who
broke
away
from
the
traditional
style
of
painting
were
the
Impressionists，who
lived
and
worked
in
Paris.
在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。
表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，有时需要用完全倒装句式。
Into
the
dark
apartment
walked
David，who
was
quite
surprised
when
everyone
shouted
Happy
Birthday.
大卫走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日快乐时，他感到很惊讶。
Among
all
these
flowers
is
included
a
kind
of
red
rose，which
was
given
by
my
friend.
在所有这些花中包括一种红玫瑰，是我朋友给的。
(1)out，in，into，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
(2)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成全部倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。
(3)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子也倒装。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
In
front
of
the
old
temple，there
1.stands
(stand)
a
big
tree.But
for
other
people's
reminding，I
would
not
2.have
noticed
(notice)
that
it
is
an
rare
old
tree.3.In
the
shade
of
the
tree
often
sit
scores
of
tourists
in
summer.Obviously，the
temple
4.would
look
(look)
lonely
without
the
existence
of
the
tree.
【导学号：11470104】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Without
the
map，the
tourist
would
have
lost
in
the
forest
yesterday.That
is，he
may
not
have
found
his
way
back
home.Fortunately，he
walked
out
of
the
forest
before
night
fell.At
the
edge
of
the
forest
was
stood
a
small
hut，where
the
tourist
had
a
good
rest.Then
he
went
back
home
safely.But
for
this
experience，he
will
never
know
the
importance
of
a
map.
【答案】
Without
the
map，the
tourist
would
have
lost
in
the
forest
yesterday.That
is，he
not
have
found
his
way
back
home.Fortunately，he
walked
out
of
the
forest
before
night
fell.At
the
edge
of
the
forest
stood
a
small
hut，where
the
tourist
had
a
good
rest.Then
he
went
back
home
safely.But
for
this
experience，he
never
know
the
importance
of
a
map.
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．China
has
a
good
reputation
for
fighting
against
corruption.
2．His
paintings
were
on
show
at
the
exhibition
last
week.
3.
Above
all，we
need
to
develop
a
positive
attitude
towards
our
studies.
4．To
some
people，the
Sahara
Desert
is
what
we
call
“The
Sea
of
Death”．
5．Hearing
the
news，he
rushed
out，leaving
(leave)
the
book
lying
open
on
the
table.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
meal
she
cooks
is
well
worth
of
a
taste.
2．It
seems
that
everybody
tells
lies—not
big
lies，but
that
we
call
“white
lies”．
3．Last
month
paintings
of
this
artist
were
at
display
in
this
museum.
4．I'm
afraid
I
need
score
of
days
to
finish
writing
the
novel.
【答案】 1.去掉of 2.第二个that→what
3．at→on 4.score→scores
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
It
is
typical
for
Old
Tom
to
help
those
in
need.He
himself
would
rather
to
live
a
simple
life，caring
little
about
what
called
the
quality
of
life.He
has
a
good
reputation
to
being
kind
and
generous.Last
month
many
houses
in
his
village
collapsed，left
scores
of
children
injured.Tom
quickly
donated
a
sum
of
money
for
their
treatment.Don't
you
think
the
old
man
is
well
worth
being
respecting
【答案】
It
is
typical
Old
Tom
to
help
those
in
need.He
himself
would
rather
live
a
simple
life，caring
little
about
what
called
the
quality
of
life.He
has
a
good
reputation
being
kind
and
generous.Last
month
many
houses
in
his
village
collapsed，
scores
of
children
injured.Tom
quickly
donated
a
sum
of
money
for
their
treatment.Don't
you
think
the
old
man
is
well
worth
respecting
【导学号：11470105】
①have
a
good
reputation
for “因……有好名声”。
②on
display“在展览；在展出”，
同义短语有：on
show，on
exhibition。
③attitude后与介词to/towards搭配，意为“对……的态度”。
④what
we
call，what
people
call，what
is
called可看作固定用法，意为“所谓的”。
⑤leaving
the
book
lying
open“让书展开放着”，是现在分词短语，在句中作伴随状语。
⑥be
well
worth
sth./doing“很值得……”，与be
worthy
of
sth./being
done意义接近。
⑦scores
of“几十个；许多”，修饰可数名词，与dozens
of意义接近。但当表示确切数量，如“四十，六十”时，则只能用单数：two
score
of
teenagers“四十个青少年”。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
我的目标(aim)是上浙江大学，我的同桌想上厦门大学。我们采用了(adopt)一种新的学习方法。一方面我们自己努力学习，另一方面(on
the
other
hand)，我们更关注(concentrate
on)以合作的方式找到解决问题的最佳途径。通过尝试(attempt)相互交流看法，我们改变了很多(a
great
deal)，现在我能理解(figure
out)很多(scores
of)原来不会做的题目，他有了(memorize)记单词的好办法。我们呼吁(appeal)大家彼此帮助，加强合作。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的写作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：dream→dreams 第四句：find→finding 第五句：去掉for 第六句：what→that/which；word→words选修6 Unit
2 Poems
Tom
often
got
teased
at
school.He
studied
badly
and
looked
blank
in
class
most
of
the
time.His
parents
tried
to
help
take
a
load
off
his
mind
by
encouraging
him
to
learn
to
write
poems.Eventually，Tom
got
out
of
the
shadow.He
found
writing
poetry
was
an
appropriate
way
to
convey
his
joy
and
sorrow.After
getting
a
college
diploma，he
devoted
his
time
to
poetry.He
exchanged
ideas
at
times
with
other
poets
about
patterns
and
rhythms
of
poetry.Using
concrete,
flexible
language
and
the
minimum
of
words
was
his
style.He
was
once
awarded
the
championship
of
a
poetry
competition
sponsored
by
the
National
Poetry
Series.People
held
apparently
different
attitudes
towards
his
poems.Some
thought
his
words
were
contradictory.Others
argued
that
they
exactly
reflected
the
author's
true
emotions.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1．convey
vt.
传达；运送
2．pattern
n.
模式；式样；图案
3．tease
vi.&
vt.
取笑；招惹；戏弄
4．branch
n.
枝条；支流；部门
5.
flexibleadj.
灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的
6.
transform
vi.&
vt.
转化；转换；改造；变换
7．sorrown.
悲伤；悲痛；懊悔
8．appropriate
adj.
适当的；正当的
9．exchange
n.
交换；交流；互换
v.
调换；交换
10．sponsor n.
赞助人；主办者；倡议者
vt.
发起；举办；倡议
◆记住词义
1．nursery
n．
托儿所
2．concrete
adj.
具体的
3．contradictory
adj.
引起矛盾的；好反驳的
4．diamond
n.
钻石；菱形
5．eventually
adv.
最后；终于
6．minimum
n.
最低限度；最少量；最小数
7．bare
adj.
赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的
n.
最基本的要素
8．section
n.
部分；节；切下的块
9．diploma
n.
毕业文凭；学位证书
10．load
n.
负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)
11．blank
n.
空白
adj.
空白的；茫然的
12．championship
n.
冠军称号
◆写出短语
1.
take
it
easy
轻松；不紧张；从容
2.
run
out
of
用完
3．be
made
up
of
由……构成
4．in
particular
尤其；特别
5．try
out
测试；试验
6．let
out
发出；放走；泄露
7．make
sense
有意义；讲得通
联想拓展
名词后缀 ation
1．transformation
转化；改造
2．transportation
运输
3．explanation
解释
4．combination
结合，联合
5．determination
决定
名词后缀 ship
1．scholarship
奖学金
2．leadership
领导地位
3．relationship
关系
4．hardship
苦难
短语串记
1．take
one's
time
从容不迫；慢慢来
2．take
sth.seriously
重视某事
3．feel
at
ease
感到自由自在
4．feel
at
home
无拘无束
－－－－－－－－－－－
5．run
out
用完
6．use
up
用完
7．give
out
用完；耗尽
－－－－－－－－－－－
8．be
made
up
of
由……构成
9．be
made
out
of
用……制成
10．be
made
into
被制成/加工成
11．make
up
for
弥补
12．make
for
导致；有助于
13．make
out
辨认出；理解
－－－－－－－－－－－
14．try
out
试验
15．try
out
for
参加……选拔
16．try
on
试穿；试戴
经典例句
①Just
take
it
easy；things
will
turn
out
to
be
better
so
long
as
you
don't
stop
trying.
沉住气，只要不放弃，情况会变好的。
②“It's
all
show，”
said
Linus.“The
girls
don't
take
it
seriously.”
“全是装的，”莱纳斯说。“女孩们不会拿它当真的。”
③I
was
a
little
scared
at
first，but
everyone
was
so
friendly
that
I
soon
felt
at
ease.
一开始，我有点害怕，但每个人都很友好，所以我很快就感到无拘无束了。
④He
ran
out
of
milk
and
bread
and
had
to
suffer
hunger.
他喝完了牛奶，吃完了面包，只好忍受饥饿。
⑤We
had
just
reached
the
motorway
when
the
petrol
ran
out.
我们刚上高速公路，汽车就没油了。
⑥His
strength
gave
out
after
he
ran
that
long
distance.
跑完这么长一段距离，他已精疲力竭。
⑦Mary
had
to
make
up
for
the
time
she
missed
in
school
when
she
was
sick
by
studying
very
hard.
玛丽得通过努力学习来把生病时落下的功课补上。
⑧Little
Tom
is
eager
to
try
out
his
new
running
shoes
on
the
track
this
weekend.
小汤姆急切地想在周末去跑道上试一下新跑鞋。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
flexible
adj.
灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的
flexibly
adv.
1.灵活地；易曲地；柔软地
salt
n．
盐
salty
adj.
2.含盐的；咸的
translate
v．
翻译
translation
n.translator n．
3.翻译；译文4.译员，翻译家
eventual
adj.
最后的
eventually
adv.
5.最后，终于
sorrow
n．
悲伤；悲痛；懊悔
sorrowful
adj.
6.悲伤的；悲痛的
champion
n．
冠军
championship
n．
7.冠军称号
warm
adj.
暖和；温暖
warmth
n.warmly
adv.
8.暖和；温暖9.热烈地
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
When
he
was
in
his
teens，Anton
often
recited
poems.Later，he
began
writing
poems
Before
he
felt
very
joyful
or
1.sorrowful
(sorrow)
when
he
2.eventually
(eventual)
graduated
from
university,
he
wrote
dozens
of
poems，one
of
which
won
him
a
national
3.championship
(champion)．The
Chinese
4.translation
(translate)
of
his
poems
is
very
popular
among
young
people.They
say
his
poems
provide
much
5.warmth
(warm)
and
comfort
when
they
are
in
low
spirits.
Ⅱ.单句填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.
As
a
matter
of
fact，employees
expect
to
work
flexibly
(flexible)
in
the
workplace.
2．The
water，which
tastes
salty
(salt)，is
not
suitable
to
drink.
词法新图谱——重点词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
convey
vt.
传达；运送
conveying
conveyed
tease
vi.&
vt.
取笑；招惹；戏弄
teasing
teased
transform
vi.&
vt.
转化；转换；改造
transforming
transformed
exchange
vi.&
vt.
调换；交换
exchanging
exchanged
sponsor
vt.
发起；举办；倡议
sponsoring
sponsored
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
I
got
to
my
host
family
in
London
because
of
an
exchange
programme
1.sponsored
(sponsor)
by
an
organization.When
2.exchanging
(exchange)
ideas
with
the
hosts，I
learned
a
lot
about
the
local
customs.Thanks
to
their
kindness，my
nervousness
3.was
transformed(transform)
into
comfortableness.We
felt
relaxed
and
sometimes
4.teased
(tease)
each
other
to
create
a
more
active
atmosphere.Finally，I
gave
some
gifts
to
them，trying
5.to
convey(convey)
my
heartfelt
thanks.
【导学号：11470106】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Cook
has
experienced
many
sad
things，including
teased
and
ignored.The
young
man
has
already
been
transform
into
a
real
man.He
becomes
open minded，frequently
exchanges
opinions
with
his
workmates
on
various
subjects.He
often
convey
his
emotions
by
writing
letters
to
his
friends.Cook
is
growing
to
be
a
sunny
man!
【答案】
Cook
has
experienced
many
sad
things，including
teased
and
ignored.The
young
man
has
already
been
into
a
real
man.He
becomes
open minded，frequently
opinions
with
his
workmates
on
various
subjects.He
often
his
emotions
by
writing
letters
to
his
friends.Cook
is
growing
to
be
a
sunny
man!
①exchange
ideas/views/opinions
with
sb.与某人交换看法；exchange
a
few
words
of
greetings互相道几句问候；exchange
a
quick
smile
with
sb.相互笑了笑。
②convey
one's
heartfelt
thanks表达某人的衷心感谢；convey
one's
emotions/feelings表达某人的情感。
③including是介词，后可接动名词。including
being
teased
and
ignored包括被嘲笑和被轻视。
④can't
stand
doing/being
done“不能容忍……”，can't
stand后可接名词或动名词，相当于can't
bear。
⑤would
like
to
do
sth.与feel
like
doing
sth.同义，意为“想要做某事”。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
run
out
of 用完be
made
up
of...
由……构成
We
ran
out
of
fuel.我们的燃料用完了。
动副
try
out 测试；试验let
out
释放；泄露(消息、秘密等)hold
on
坚持；忍受；抓紧不放stay
up
熬夜
let
alone 更不用说；更谈不上let
...alone
对……放任不管；置之不理let
down
把……放下来；使(某人)失望let
in
允许进入；容许；许可
动名
make
an
exchange 交换make
sense
有意义；讲得通
make
fun
of 取笑make
a
fool
of
嘲笑play
a
trick/tricks
on
捉弄play
a
joke/jokes
on
开……的玩笑
形介
be
popular
with 受到……欢迎
It
seems
that
she
is
particular
about
what
she
eats
and
what
she
wears.
be
particular
about
sth.
对某事挑剔；对某物讲究
她似乎对吃穿很是讲究。
介名
in
particular 尤其；特别in
exchange
for
交换in
a
way
在某种程度上
in
surprise 吃惊地in
silence
沉默in
peace
和平地
in
return
作为回报
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Amy
is
not
very
particular
1.about
things.She
likes
trying
2.out
new
ways
of
life.She
is
now
living
in
a
mountain
village.Every
day
she
does
tough
work
in
exchange
3.for
food
and
shelter.One
day
she
stayed
4.up
very
late，watching
a
TV
show
when
a
mouse
appeared
in
her
bed.She
let
5.out
a
cry
of
horror.The
woman
living
next
door
hurried
in.She
comforted
Amy，holding
6.on
to
her
hands.It
took
half
an
hour
before
Amy
felt
easy
again.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
This
magazine
is
popular
for
many
adults，young
women
at
particular.I
bought
one
for
my
wife
last
week.In
the
way，I
don't
really
like
reading
magazines.But
the
signs
on
the
cover
of
the
magazine
attract
me.The
signs
are
mainly
made
up
circles，crosses
and
arrows，greatly
inspiring
my
imagination.Because
of
this，I
succeeded
in
finishing
my
design
work
before
time
was
running
out
of.
【答案】
This
magazine
is
popular
many
adults，young
women
particular.I
bought
one
for
my
wife
last
week.In
way，I
don't
really
like
reading
magazines.But
the
signs
on
the
cover
of
the
magazine
attract
me.The
signs
are
mainly
made
up
circles，crosses
and
arrows，greatly
inspiring
my
imagination.Because
of
this，I
succeeded
in
finishing
my
design
work
before
time
was
running
out
.
【导学号：11470107】
句法新天地——重点句型
reason(s)
why
...
[教材原句]
There
are
various
reasons
why
people
write
poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
本句中含有一个先行词为reasons的定语从句。
There
are
many
reasons
why
most
of
people
like
shopping
on
the
Internet.
大部分人在网上购物有很多的理由。
There
was
a
reason
why
he
didn't
attend
the
meeting.Do
you
know
what
it
was
有一个理由让他没能参加会议。你知道那是什么吗？
(1)其常见的基本句式：The
reason
why/for
which...is/was
that
...，意为“……的原因是……”，why/for
which在定语从句中作状语。
(2)reason作先行词，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语，用that/which引导定语从句；作宾语时，that/which还可以省略。
The
reason
why/for
which
he
failed
the
English
exam
was
that
he
didn't
learn
it
well.
他英语考试不及格的原因是他没学好。
The
reason
(that/which)
he
explained
to
us
was
that
he
hadn't
read
the
book
before.
他给我们解释的理由是他之前没有读过这本书。
while
连接并列的分句
[教材原句]
Some
rhyme
(like
B)
while
others
do
not
(like
C)．有些清单诗押韵(如B)，但有一些不押韵(如C)。
while此处为并列连词，连接两个分句，意为“而；然而”。
Warm
colors
like
yellow
make
food
appear
more
appetizing，while
cold
colors
make
us
feel
less
hungry.
黄色等暖色使食物显得更加可口，而冷色让我们感觉不那么饥饿。
The
Arctic
has
a
varied
climate
while
the
Antarctic
climate
varies
little.
北极气候多变，然而南极的气候很少有变化。
(1)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，从句中的谓语动词多为延续性动词。
(2)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多放于句首。
(3)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
While
I
was
cooking，the
children
were
playing
outside.
我在做饭时，孩子们都在外面玩。
While
she
is
a
lovely
girl，she
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
work
with
sometimes.
她虽然是个可爱的姑娘，但有时却极难与其共事。
While
there
is
life，there
is
hope.
只要生命存在，就有希望。
with的复合结构
[教材原句]
With
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
choose
from，students
may
eventually
want
to
write
poems
of
their
own.
有这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗歌了。
句中的“With
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
choose
from”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。
With
Mr.Smith
to
teach
them
English
next
term，their
spoken
English
will
be
greatly
improved.
下学期由史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会有很大提高。
with＋宾语＋
With
more
and
more
trees
cut
down，some
animals
are
facing
the
danger
of
dying
out.
由于越来越多的树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
With
a
local
guide
leading
the
way，we
got
there
easily.
有当地向导带路，我们很容易就到了那儿。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
This
morning
I
received
an
invitation
to
a
party.With
my
work
1.finished
(finish)，I
happily
accepted
it.2.While
I
had
no
trouble
walking
or
riding
to
the
party，one
of
my
friends
called
at
5
p．m.saying
that
he
would
drive
over
to
pick
me
up.However，we
didn't
turn
up
at
the
party
on
time.The
reason
3.why
we
were
late
was
4.that
we
got
caught
in
a
heavy
traffic.
【导学号：11470108】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Two
little
boys
were
building
a
house
with
their
toy
bricks.One
was
busy
put
each
brick
together
as
the
other
was
handing
bricks
to
him.With
the
house
complete
soon，both
of
them
were
very
happy.But
the
house
suddenly
fell
apart.They
looked
puzzling，trying
to
figure
out
the
reason
which
it
collapsed.
【答案】
Two
little
boys
were
building
a
house
with
their
toy
bricks.One
was
busy
each
brick
together
the
other
was
handing
bricks
to
him.With
the
house
complete
soon，both
of
them
were
very
happy.But
the
house
suddenly
fell
apart.They
looked
，trying
to
figure
out
the
reason
/
it
collapsed.
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.
Life
is
like
a
bus
loaded
(load)
with
passengers，each
man
to
his
destination.
2．Does
it
make
sense
to
let
little
children
play
with
matches
3．Should
you
change
your
mind，do
let
us
know
as
soon
as
possible.
4.
By
playing
(play)
with
the
words
in
nursery
rhymes，children
learn
about
language.
5.
Night
having
fallen
(fall)，the
lights
in
the
city
began
to
burn.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.
Loading
with
a
big
family，the
man
had
to
work
hard
day
and
night.
2．Would
you
be
fired，your
health
care
will
not
be
immediately
cut
off.
3．All
flights
had
been
canceled，passengers
could
do
nothing
but
take
the
train.
【答案】 1.Loading→Loaded 2.Would→Should 3.had→having
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Mr
Brown
is
loaded
a
family
of
six
people.He
has
to
work
hard.Might
he
lose
his
job，all
the
family
members
will
go
hungry.Winter
drew
near，they
need
to
keep
warm
through
burning
wood.Whenever
he
gets
off
from
work，Mr
Brown
will
go
to
the
mountain
to
fetch
some
wood.It
makes
good
senses
to
store
plenty
of
wood
for
the
whole
winter.
【答案】
Mr
Brown
is
loaded
a
family
of
six
people.He
has
to
work
hard.
he
lose
his
job，all
the
family
members
will
go
hungry.Winter
near，they
need
to
keep
warm
burning
wood.Whenever
he
gets
off
from
work，Mr
Brown
will
go
to
the
mountain
to
fetch
some
wood.It
makes
good
to
store
plenty
of
wood
for
the
whole
winter.
【导学号：11470109】
①be
loaded
with装载着；负担着；take
a
load
off
one's
mind打消某人的顾虑。
②it
makes
sense
to
do
sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是明智的”。
③should可作“万一”解，多用于if从句中。有时可省略掉if，而把should提到句首，构成部分倒装句。
④by
doing
sth.意为“通过做某事”，强调“方式；方法”。英国人很少使用through
doing
sth.。
⑤Night
having
fallen是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，相当于When
night
fell。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
我很喜欢诗歌，从没放弃过(hold
on
to)成为诗人的梦想。诗歌可以传达(convey)某些情感，比如快乐和忧伤，尤其是(in
particular)能形象地把现实转换成(transform)文学。通过诗歌，我们可以和朋友们交流(exchange)感情，卸下心中的负担(load)。只有我们热爱生活，灵感才不会枯竭(run
out)。无论我们从事什么职业，适当(appropriate)品味生活是明智的(make
sense)。建议朋友们闲暇时，都来读读诗歌！
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：dream后的to→of 第二句：
sorrowful→sorrow 第四句：on→off 第五句：去掉be 第六句：a→an选修6 Unit
5 The
power
of
nature
A
company
is
looking
for
candidates
for
the
position
of
data
collecting.All
applicants
are
guaranteed
accommodation
for
the
first
year.I
am
one
of
them，appointed
to
evaluate
information
for
a
database
about
diverse
natural
disasters
like
hurricanes
and
typhoons.I
hand
out
questionnaires
to
those
who
actually
went
through
them，which
will
be
precious
documents
for
the
study
of
geology.One
day，a
volcano
erupted
unexpectedly
with
ground
trembling
violently，causing
panic
and
anxiety
among
local
residents.I
witnessed
the
eruption
from
my
balcony
where
I
was
drawing
diagrams
of
earthquakes.Hot
lava
varying
from
50
to
100
metres
was
fountaining
into
the
air.The
sight
was
absolutely
fantastic!
But
I
was
unconscious
of
the
potential
danger—the
harmful
gas!
Luckily，I
was
able
to
flee
to
a
safe
place
with
a
helmet
on.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1.
appoint
vt.
任命；委派
2．evaluate
vt.
评估；评价；估计
3．absolute
adj.
绝对的；完全的
4．actual
adj.
实在的；实际的
5.
precious
adj.
贵重的；珍贵的
6．unconscious
adj.
失去知觉的；未察觉的
7．tremble
vi.
摇晃；摇动；颤抖
8．panic
v.
惊慌
n.
惊慌；恐慌
9．appreciation
n.
欣赏；感激；感谢
10.
guarantee
vt.
保证；担保
11．alongside
adv.
在旁边；沿着边
prep.
在……旁边；沿着……的边
12．potential
n.
潜在性；可能性；潜能
adj.
可能的；潜在的
◆记住词义
1．erupt
vi.
(指火山)爆发；突然发生
2．diagram
n.
图解；图表；示意图
3．hurricane
n.
飓风；风暴
4．equipment
n.
设备；装备
5．fountain
v.
泉水般地喷出或涌出
6．candidate
n.
候选人；候补者
7．novelist
n.
小说家
8．document
n.
文件；证件
9．balcony
n.
阳台
10．diverse
adj.
多种多样的；不同的
11．bathe
vi.
洗澡；游泳
◆写出短语
1．burn
to
the
ground
全部焚毁
2．make
one's
way
前往
3．glance
through
匆匆看一遍
4．vary
from...to...
由……到……不等
5．have
a
gift
for
有……的天赋
6．in
the
distance
在远处
联想拓展
形容词后缀 ous
1．anxious
焦虑的，担心的
2．continuous
连续的
3．dangerous
危险的
4．cautious
小心的
5．poisonous
有毒的
6．nervous
紧张的
名词后缀 ist
1．pianist
钢琴家；钢琴演奏者
2．violinist
小提琴演奏者
3．physicist
物理学家
短语串记
1．look
through
浏览
2．go
through
经历；检查
3．break
through
突破
4．live
through
活过
5．get
through
完成；接通电话
－－－－－－－－－－－
6．feel
one's
way
摸索前进
7．push
one's
way
挤出来
8．wind
one's
way
蜿蜒前进
9．force
one's
way
强行前进/进入
－－－－－－－－－－－
10．in
the
distance
在远处
11．at/from
a
distance
从远处
－－－－－－－－－－－
12．out
of
the/one's
way
不再挡道；不再碍事
13．in
the/one's
way
挡道；妨碍
14．in
a/one
way
在某种程度上
15．in
no
way
无论如何也不；决不
经典例句
①Glancing
through
the
paper，I
found
a
news
report
about
a
typhoon
in
Guangdong.
翻阅报纸的时候我发现了一篇关于广东台风的新闻报道。
②She
went
through
some
really
difficult
times
and
has
become
what
she
is
now.
她经历了一些相当困难的时期，成就了现在的她。
③We
made
our
way
down
the
hill
towards
the
town
when
it
was
getting
dark.
天快要黑时，我们下了山往城里行进。
④The
Great
Wall
winds
its
way
from
west
to
east
till
it
reaches
the
sea.
万里长城自西向东，蜿蜒曲折一直延伸到大海。
⑤The
oil
painting
looks
much
better
at
a
distance.
这幅油画离远一点看更好看一些。
⑥They
watched
the
train
until
it
disappeared
in
the
distance.
他们看着火车，直到它消失在远方。
⑦Make
sure
the
kids
keep
out
of
the
way
while
I'm
working.
我工作时，一定不要让孩子们妨碍我。
⑧In
no
way
does
it
show
the
amount
of
heat
which
the
water
contains.
它一点也不能表示出水中含有多少热量。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
equip
vt.&
vi.
配备；装备
equipment
n．
1.设备(不可数)
evaluate
vt.
评估；评价；估计
evaluation
n．
2.评估
absolute
adj.
绝对的；完全的
absolutely
adv.
3.绝对地；完全地
appreciate
vt.
欣赏；感激
appreciation
n．
4.欣赏；感激；感谢
diverse
adj.
多种多样的；不同的
diversity
n．
5.多样性；多种多样
conscious
adj.
神志清醒的；自觉的；有意识的
unconscious
adj.
6.失去知觉的；未察觉的
anxious
adj.
忧虑的；不安的
anxiety
n．
7.担心；焦虑
[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Janet
has
a
1.diversity
(diverse)
of
interests.She
especially
likes
rock
climbing.Unfortunately，she
fell
off
one
day，becoming
2.unconscious
(conscious)．She
was
immediately
sent
to
a
hospital
with
good
doctors
and
medical
3.equipment
(equip)．After
a
careful
4.evaluation
(evaluate)，they
made
a
treatment
plan.Janet
came
to
herself
after
3
days.Her
mother's
5.anxiety
(anxious)
was
removed
and
she
showed
her
6.appreciation
(appreciate)
to
the
doctors
for
their
care
and
patience.
【导学号：11470118】
词法新图谱——核心词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
appoint
vt.
任命；委派
appointing
appointed
evaluate
vt.
评估；评价；估计
evaluating
evaluated
shoot
vt.
射中；射伤
shooting
shot
tremble
vi.
摇晃；摇动；颤抖
trembling
trembled
panic
vi.&
vt.
惊慌
panicking
panicked
guarantee
vt.
保证；担保
guaranteeing
guaranteed
bathe
vi.
洗澡；游泳
bathing
bathed
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
When
the
bomb
exploded，I
was
sitting
at
a
window
table，1.bathed
(bathe)
in
the
sunlight.People
2.panicked
(panic)
and
screamed.I
threw
myself
down
on
the
floor，3.trembling
(tremble)
with
fear.I
also
heard
continuous
gunfire.Seven
people
were
later
reported
to
4.have
been
shot
(shoot)
dead.The
next
day
three
police
officers
5.were
appointed
(appoint)
to
investigate
the
event.A
small
group
of
soldiers
were
sent
here
6.to
guarantee
(guarantee)
the
safety
of
local
residents.
【导学号：11470119】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Seeing
the
flood
rushing
over，the
villagers
were
panic
into
fleeing
to
the
nearby
hill.A
woman
urged
her
son
to
run
faster
in
a
trembled
voice.The
son
held
some
toys
tightly
guarantee
that
they
would
not
be
lost.The
flood
damage
was
difficult
to
be
evaluate.To
fight
against
the
flood，a
young
man
was
appointing
as
the
old
village
head's
assistant.They
would
try
to
bring
everything
back
to
normal
as
soon
as
possible.
【答案】
Seeing
the
flood
rushing
over，the
villagers
were
into
fleeing
to
the
nearby
hill.A
woman
urged
her
son
to
run
faster
in
a
voice.The
son
held
some
toys
tightly
guarantee
that
they
would
not
be
lost.The
flood
damage
was
difficult
to
evaluate.To
fight
against
the
flood，a
young
man
was
as
the
old
village
head's
assistant.They
would
try
to
bring
everything
back
to
normal
as
soon
as
possible.
①trembling
with
fear“吓得发抖”，是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
②be
reported
to
have
done
sth.据报道做了某事；be
reported
to
have
been
done据报道被……
③be
appointed
to
do
sth.被委派去做某事；be
appointed
as被任命为……
④panic
sb.into
doing
sth.“使某人惊慌地做某事”，其被动语态就是be
panicked
into
doing
sth.“惊慌地去做某事”。
⑤a
trembling
voice“颤抖的声音”，又如：trembling
hands“颤抖的双手”。
⑥guarantee
sb.sth.确保某人得到某物；guarantee
sb.to
do
sth.保证某人做某事
⑦bathed
in“沐浴在……之中”，此形容词短语在句中可作状语、表语或定语。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
burn
to
the
ground 全部焚毁vary
from
...to...
由……到……不等get
into
a
panic
陷入惊慌
Wedding
traditions
and
customs
vary
from
one
country
to
another.不同国家的婚礼传统和习俗是不同的。
动副
get
close(to)
靠近pick
up
拾起；收听；(无意中)学会；顺便接
It
is
your
turn
to
pick
up
the
kids
from
school
this
afternoon.今天下午轮到你去学校接孩子了。
动名
have
a
gift
for 有……的天赋make
an
appointment
with
sb.
与某人约会wave
goodbye
to
sb.
向某人挥手告别
Born
on
Feb.26，1982，Li
Na
has
a
gift
for
sports
from
her
childhood.生于1982年的2月26日的李娜从小就有运动的天赋。
形介
be
suitable
for
sb./sth.适合于某人/某物be
anxious
for/about
为……担心/担忧be
enthusiastic
about
对……很热心
be
anxious/eager
to
do
sth.急于做某事be
anxious
that
...(should)
do
sth.
希望……
介名
in
panic 惊慌失措地under
guarantee
在保修期内
The
car
is
less
than
a
year
old，and
therefore
still
under
guarantee.这辆汽车还不到一年，因此尚在保修期内。
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Talents
vary
1.from
person
to
person.Tom
has
a
gift
2.for
languages.For
example，he
picked
3.up
much
Japanese
during
his
three month
visit
to
Japan.By
the
time
he
waved
goodbye
4.to
his
Japanese
friends，he
was
able
to
speak
Japanese
fluently.His
wife，anxious
5.about
his
safety，phoned
him
frequently
when
he
was
overseas，warning
him
never
to
get
close
6.to
anything
risky.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Adults'
learning
methods
are
not
necessarily
suitable
with
children.Small
kids
pick
out
knowledge
as
they
play.If
your
kid
wants
to
learn
geography，getting
closely
to
nature
is
a
good
choice.You
don't
have
to
be
anxious
at
the
wasted
time.Even
if
your
kid
falls
behind，don't
get
into
panic.Talk
to
him/her
and
find
the
reasons.
【答案】
Adults'
learning
methods
are
not
necessarily
suitable
children.Small
kids
pick
knowledge
as
they
play.If
your
kid
wants
to
learn
geography，getting
to
nature
is
a
good
choice.You
don't
have
to
be
anxious
the
wasted
time.Even
if
your
kid
falls
behind，don't
get
into
panic.Talk
to
him/her
and
find
the
reasons.
句法新天地——重点句型
分词完成式在句中作状语
[教材原句]
Having
collected
and
evaluated
the
information，I
help
other
scientists
to
predict
where
lava
from
the
volcano
will
flow
next
and
how
fast.
收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。
句中“Having
collected
and
evaluated
the
information”是现在分词的完成式在句中作状语，表示分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Having
worked
for
two
days，Steve
managed
to
finish
his
report
on
schedule.
工作了两天之后，史蒂夫设法如期完成了他的报告。
Having
eaten
at
the
cafeteria
before，Tina
didn't
want
to
go
there
again.
从前在那个自助餐馆吃过，Tina
再也不想去那儿吃饭了。
过去分词作状语同现在分词作状语时一样，其逻辑上的主语就是主句的主语，但过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系(有时无被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成)，而现在分词的主动语态与主语之间存在着主动关系。
Caught
in
a
heavy
rain，my
daughter
fell
ill
and
I
had
to
ask
for
leave.
因为遭遇了一场大雨，我女儿病倒了，我只得请假。
独立主格结构
[教材原句]
The
other
two
climbed
down
into
the
crater
to
collect
some
lava
for
later
study，but
this
being
my
first
experience，I
stayed
at
the
top
and
watched
them.
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，由于这是我第一次经历这样的事，所以就留在山顶上观察他们。
句中this
being
my
first
experience为独立主格结构，相当于原因状语从句because
this
was
my
first
experience。
The
guide
leading
the
way，we
had
no
trouble
getting
out
of
the
forest.
向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。
常见的独立主格结构有：
①名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式
②名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语
③名词/代词＋名词
Such
an
able
man
to
help
you，you
will
surely
succeed
sooner
or
later.
有这么能干的人来帮你，
你迟早会成功的。
He
came
into
the
room，his
ears
red
with
cold.
他进入了房间，耳朵冻红了。
Ten
students
entered
for
the
competition，the
youngest
a
boy
of
12.
十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。
It
is
said
that
...
[教材原句]
It
is
said
that
this
boy，who
had
a
great
gift
for
languages
and
persuasion，is
the
father
of
the
Manchu
people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
It
is
said
that
...＝sb./sth.is
said
to
do
sth.意为“据说……”。其中，不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
It
is
said
that
the
new
mayor
will
come
into
power
next
month.
→The
new
mayor
is
said
to
come
into
power
next
month.据说新市长下个月将上任。
It
is
said
that
carbon
dioxide
is
heating
the
earth
twice
as
quickly
as
previously
feared.
→Carbon
dioxide
is
said
to
be
heating
the
earth
twice
as
quickly
as
previously
feared.
据说二氧化碳正以先前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。
It
is
thought
that
...
大家认为……
It
is
believed
that
...
人们相信……
It
is
hoped
that
...
人们希望……
It
is
reported
that
...
据报道……
It
is
well known
that
...
众所周知……
It
is
generally
considered
that
...
大家认为……
It
is
supposed
that
...
据推测……
It
is
hoped
that
the
terrible
disease
will
soon
be
controlled.
人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
This
1.being
(be)
my
first
visit
to
an
African
country，I
am
scared
and
feel
pretty
anxious.It
2.is
said
(say)
that
most
blacks
are
aggressive
and
uneducated.Not
3.having
met
(meet)
any
black
people
before，I
wonder
if
I
can
fit
in
with
their
customs
and
tradition.Perhaps
the
best
policy
is
“When
in
Rome，do
as
the
Romans
4.do．”
【导学号：11470120】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
The
boy
felt
a
little
unsettled，this
was
the
first
time
that
he
had
been
away
from
home.Had
arrived
at
his
destination，he
rested
in
a
hotel
for
hours.Early
next
morning
he
went
to
climb
the
mountain.That
was
generally
considered
that
people
could
get
a
wonderful
view
of
the
sunrise
from
its
top.
【答案】
The
boy
felt
a
little
unsettled，this
the
first
time
that
he
had
been
away
from
home.
arrived
at
his
destination，he
rested
in
a
hotel
for
hours.Early
next
morning
he
went
to
climb
the
mountain.
was
generally
considered
that
people
could
get
a
wonderful
view
of
the
sunrise
from
its
top.
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．Tom
was
about
to
close
the
window
when
his
attention
was
caught
by
a
bird.
2．However
serious
a
problem
you
may
have，gather
your
courage
to
face
it.
3．Whoever
has
finished
the
work
ahead
of
time
will
be
rewarded
with
a
one month
holiday.
4．You
will
be
amazed
at
the
progress
we
have
made.
5．Keep
your
fears
to
yourself
but
share
your
courage
with
others.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Can
you
imagine
go
to
work
in
a
helicopter
2．Amazed
with
what
he
said，she
burst
into
laughter.
3．Australia
is
home
of
many
varieties
of
animals.
【答案】 1.go→going 2.with→at 3.第一个of→to
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Can
you
imagine
a
panda's
give
birth
to
baby
pandas
Last
week，a
female
panda，Meimei，had
two
babies
in
Pingwu
Nature
Reserve，which
is
the
home
to
Chinese
giant
pandas.Measures
have
taken
to
make
sure
they
are
safe.People
are
warned
not
to
disturb
the
pandas
at
no
time.
【答案】 Can
you
imagine
a
panda's
birth
to
baby
pandas
Last
week，a
female
panda，Meimei，had
two
babies
in
Pingwu
Nature
Reserve，which
is
home
to
Chinese
giant
pandas.Measures
have
taken
to
make
sure
they
are
safe.People
are
warned
not
to
disturb
the
pandas
at
time.
【导学号：11470121】
①was/were
about
to
do...when...是固定句型，意为“正要做……突然……”。
②however/whatever/whenever/whoever等可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……”。其中，however＋adj.＋a/an＋n.可换成whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋n.。
③be
rewarded
with
sth.“获得……奖励”。
④be
amazed
at...“对……感到惊奇”。
⑤share
sth.with
sb.“与……分享……”。
⑥imagine
sb./one's
doing
sth.“想象某人做某事”，多用于疑问句或否定句。
⑦be
home
to后一般接表示动物或植物的名词，意为“是……的栖息地”。
⑧warn
sb.not
to
do
sth.；warn
sb.against
doing
sth.“警告某人不要做某事”。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
面对自然灾害，如飓风、洪水、地震和火山(volcano)喷发等，人类其实显得很弱小。当火山喷发(erupt)时，炽热的岩浆像喷泉(fountain)一样可以喷到数百米的高空中。大量野生动植物栖居(home
to)的山谷充满岩浆，造成巨大伤害。岩浆流经之处，所有的房屋被夷为平地(burn
to
the
ground)。人们惊慌失措地(in
panic)艰难逃往(make
one's
way)安全地带。多么希望那些对地质学有天赋(have
a
gift
for)的人们能找到某些方法来预测各种自然灾害啊！
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的写作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：actual→actually 第二句：erupt→erupts 第三句：where→which；caused→causing 第六句：those后加who选修6 Unit
3 A
healthy
life
Female
adolescents
feel
ashamed
and
embarrassed
when
they
face
problems
like
sex
and
mental
stress.They
automatically
get
into
trouble
due
to
their
imperfect
comprehension
and
judgment.Some
are
becoming
addicted
to
cigarettes，alcohol
and
even
drug
abuse.Once
they
are
accustomed
to
these
things，it
is
tough
for
them
to
quit.Side
effects
may
cause
young
pregnant
women
to
abort
or
have
abnormal
babies.Some
may
be
at
risk
of
being
infected
with
desperate
AIDS.They
will
also
encounter
discrimination
and
prejudice
from
society
unless
they
guarantee
complete
withdrawal
from
illegal
drugs.It's
suggested
that
parents
strengthen
communication
with
their
teenagers
who
feel
awkward
and
shy
rather
than
just
put
a
ban
on
certain
actions.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1．abuse
n．&
vt.
滥用；虐待
2.
stress
n.
压力；重音
vt.
加压力于；使紧张
3．ban
vt.
禁止；取缔
n.
禁令；谴责
4．tough
adj.
困难的；强硬的
5．accustom
vt.
使习惯于
6．mental
adj.
精神的；智力的
7．quit
vt.
停止(做某事)；离开
8．strengthen
vt.
加强；巩固；使坚强
vi.
变强
9.
desperate
adj.
绝望的；拼命的
10．survival
n.
幸存；幸存者
11．effect
n.
结果；效力
12．awkward
adj.
局促不安的；笨拙的
13．automatic
adj.
无意识的；自动的
14．ashamed
adj.
感到惭愧或羞耻的
◆记住词义
1．cigarette
n.
香烟；纸烟
2．adolescent
n.
青少年
adj.
青春期的
3．abnormal
adj.
畸形的；异常的
4．withdrawal
n.
收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
5．comprehension
n.
理解(力)
6．illegal
adj.
不合法的；违法的
7．judgment
n.
看法；判决；判断
8．embarrassed
adj.
尴尬的；陷入困境的
9．prejudice
n.
偏见；成见
10．addicted
adj.
入了迷的；上了瘾的
◆写出短语
1.
due
to
由于……
2．decide
on
对……作出决定
3．feel
like
(doing)
想要(做)……
4．in
spite
of
不顾；不管
5.
take
risks
(a
risk)
冒险
6．get
into
陷入；染上(坏习惯)
7.
at
risk
处境危险；遭受危险
联想拓展
名词后缀 ment
1．equipment
设备
2．treatment
对待
3．excitement
兴奋
4．government
政府
短语串记
1．give
up
放弃
2．give
out
分发；发出(气味等)
3．give
off
发出(光、声音等)
4．give
in
投降；交上去
5．give
away
赠送；泄漏，出卖
－－－－－－－－－－－
6．out
of
breath
上气不接下气
7．out
of
order
无序；出故障
8．out
of
place
不恰当；不自在
9．out
of
date
过期
－－－－－－－－－－－
10．in
spite
of
不顾；不管
11．in
case
of
万一；如果
12．in
favor
of
支持；赞同
13．in
charge
of
负责
14．in
possession
of
拥有
－－－－－－－－－－－
15．owing
to
因为
16．thanks
to
因为；幸亏
17．on
account
of
因为
18．because
of
因为
19．as
a
result
of
因为
20．as
a
consequence
of
因为
经典例句
①He
pretended
not
to
care
about
his
failure，but
his
looks
gave
him
away.
他对失败装着不在乎，但他的表情出卖了他。
②I
hate
to
admit
it，but
I
feel
out
of
place
when
I'm
surrounded
by
students.
虽然我不想承认，但被学生们围着时真的感觉不自在。
③In
spite
of
great
efforts
we
failed
to
carry
our
plans
through.
尽管我们作出了巨大努力，我们还是没能完成计划。
④Kelly
loved
her
husband
in
spite
of
the
fact
that
he
drank
too
much.
虽然她丈夫酗酒，凯莉仍然爱着他。
⑤The
team's
success
was
largely
due
to
her
efforts.
该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。
⑥He
almost
died
due
to
lack
of
oxygen.
他因缺氧差点死去。
⑦All
flights
into
Heathrow
Airport
have
been
delayed
owing
to
the
thick
fog.
所有飞往希思罗机场的航班均因大雾而延迟。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
alcohol
n．
酒；酒精
alcoholic
adj.
1.酒精的
stress
n．
压力；重音
stressful
adj.
2.产生压力的；紧张的
vt.
加压力于；使紧张
stressed
adj.
3．焦虑不安的
addict
vt.
使上瘾
addiction
n.addictive
adj.
4.沉溺；嗜好5．使人上瘾的
mental
adj.
精神的；智力的
mentally
adv.
6.精神上；智力上
breathn.
呼吸
breathless
adj.
7.气喘吁吁的
fit
adj.
健康的；合适的
fitness
n．
8.健康
strong
adj.
强壮的
strength
n.
strengthen
v．
9.力气；力量；强项10．加强；强调
legal
adj.
合法的
illegal
adj.
11.不合法的；违法的
survive
vi.
幸免；幸存；生还
survival
n.survivor
n．
12.幸存13．幸存者
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
In
a
very
1.stressful
(stress)
situation
we
may
easily
feel
2.mentally
(mental)
tired.Swimming
is
a
good
way
to
relax
ourselves.Though
we
may
be
3.breathless
(breath)
after
swimming
for
some
time，it
helps
to
build
up
the
4.strength
(strong)
of
our
muscles.It
also
keeps
the
heart
and
lungs
healthy.Therefore，swimming
is
now
considered
as
one
of
the
most
5.addictive
(addict)
forms
to
our
6.fitness
(fit)．
Ⅱ.单句填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．We
agreed
on
the
idea
to
strengthen
(strong)
cooperation
between
our
two
parties.
2．Parents
are
worried
about
computer
games
because
children
are
easily
addicted
(addict)
to
them.
3．In
many
countries
like
Britain，it
is
illegal
(legal)
to
drive
when
you
are
drunk.
词法新图谱——重点词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
abuse
vt.
滥用；虐待
abusing
abused
stress
vt.
加压力于；使紧张
stressing
stressed
ban
vt.
禁止；取缔
banning
banned
accustom
vt.
使习惯于
accustoming
accustomed
quit
vt.
停止(做某事)；离开
quitting
quit/quitted
strengthen
vt.
加强；使坚强；巩固
strengthening
strengthened
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
When
he
speaks
to
his
men，the
manager
often
1.stresses
(stress)
the
importance
of
honesty，2.banning
(ban)
each
of
them
from
telling
lies.He
himself
sets
a
good
example.He
tries
to
avoid
3.abusing
(abuse)
his
power，which
wins
the
trust
of
his
workers.However，he
4.will
quit
(quit)
his
job
next
month
because
of
his
age.He
feels
a
little
sad
for
he
5.has
been
accustomed
(accustom)
to
his
work
for
years.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
It
will
take
a
while
for
us
students
to
get
accustom
to
the
new
school
rules.From
now
on，we
are
banning
from
wearing
shorts
and
using
phones
at
school.These
rules
stressed
in
the
speech
delivered
yesterday
by
the
headmaster.We
will
have
to
be
quit
some
bad
habits
and
devote
more
time
to
our
studies.After
all，it
is
no
good
abuse
both
our
talent
and
energy.
【答案】
It
will
take
a
while
for
us
students
to
get
to
the
new
school
rules.From
now
on，we
are
from
wearing
shorts
and
using
phones
at
school.These
rules
stressed
in
the
speech
delivered
yesterday
by
the
headmaster.We
will
have
to
quit
some
bad
habits
and
devote
more
time
to
our
studies.After
all，it
is
no
good
both
our
talent
and
energy.
【导学号：11470110】
①stress
the
importance
of
强调……的重要性
②ban
sb.from
sth./doing
sth.
禁止某人做某事
③accustom
oneself/sb.to
(doing)
sth.
使自己/某人习惯于；
be/become/grow
accustomed
to
(doing)
sth.
习惯于(做)某事……
④quit
doing
sth.
放弃/停止做某事；
quit
office/school
离职/退学
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
decide
on 对……作出决定feel
like
(doing)
想要(做)……get
into
陷入；染上(坏习惯)
get
across
(使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚；get
along
进展，相处；get
away逃脱，离开；get
down
to认真工作；get
over爬过，越过，克服困难，痊愈；get
through通过，接通电话，经历
动副
throw
away 扔掉；拋弃make
up
one's
mind
下定决心
I
don't
need
that—you
can
throw
it
away.我不需要那个东西，你可以把它扔了。
动名
take
risks/a
risk 冒险take
effect
生效；起作用
take/run
the
risk
of
doing
sth.冒险做某事take
risks/a
risk
to
do
sth. 冒险做某事
形介
due
to
由于be
addicted
to
对……有瘾be
accustomed
to
习惯于……be
ashamed
of
为……感到羞耻
Addicted
to
playing
the
violin，he
didn't
notice
a
thief
slipping
into
his
house.他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到小偷进屋。
介名
at
risk 处境危险；遭受危险at
the
risk
of
...
冒着……风险in
spite
of
虽然
Your
health
might
be
at
risk
due
to
much
smoking.由于吸烟太多，你的健康可能受到威胁。
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
Some
people
have
got
1.into
the
habit
of
begging
to
stay
alive
2.at
the
risk
of
losing
their
self respect.I
am
ashamed
3.of
earning
a
living
that
way.I
lost
one
of
my
legs
due
4.to
an
accident.However，I
have
been
trying
to
work
to
support
myself
and
my
family
5.in
spite
of
being
disabled.Once
you
throw
6.away
the
thought
of
depending
on
others，you
will
become
more
confident.
【导学号：11470111】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
George
feels
like
walk
alone
at
the
edge
of
the
forest
from
time
to
time.One
day
he
decided
on
take
a
risk.He
wanted
to
go
deep
into
the
forest
to
explore.Once
he
made
up
mind，he
got
down
to
making
a
careful
plan，of
course
to
prevent
himself
from
getting
in
trouble
during
the
adventure.
【答案】
George
feels
like
alone
at
the
edge
of
the
forest
from
time
to
time.One
day
he
decided
on
a
risk.He
wanted
to
go
deep
into
the
forest
to
explore.Once
he
made
up
mind，he
got
down
to
making
a
careful
plan，of
course
to
prevent
himself
from
getting
trouble
during
the
adventure.
句法新天地——重点句型
neither/nor/so＋助动词＋主语
[教材原句]
Neither
did
I
know
that
my
cigarette
smoke
could
affect
the
health
of
non smokers.
我更不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟人的健康。
否定词neither，nor放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装，意为“也不”。此时与“so＋助动词＋主语”结构用法类似，但前者表否定，后者表肯定。
Neither
am
I
aware
that
anyone
else
knows
the
secret.
我也不清楚其他还有谁能知道这个秘密。
I
don't
expect
children
to
be
rude，nor
do
I
expect
to
be
disobeyed.
我不希望孩子们没礼貌，也不希望他们不听话。
do
＋动词原形；as...as
原级比较
[教材原句]
I
do
hope
so
because
I
want
you
to
live
as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as
I
have.
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
(1)do/does/did可用来加强谓语动词(be动词除外)的语气，意为“确实；的确”。
(2)句中使用了一个比较结构：so/as＋adj.＋a(n)
＋n.＋as，意为“和……一样……”。
If
you
have
a
job，do
devote
yourself
to
it
and
you
will
succeed
in
time.
如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。
To
my
great
joy，the
plant
did
look
exactly
like
what
we
were
looking
for.
使我非常高兴地是，这棵植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
The
young
man
hopes
to
live
as
simple
a
life
as
his
grandpa
does/has.
这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。
do强调谓语动词时，需具备两个条件：句子是肯定句；句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
He
does
look
tired.
他确实显得很疲倦。
She
did
write
to
say
thank
me.
她的确写信向我道谢了。
every/each
time引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]
Every
time
you
feel
like
smoking
a
cigarette，remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non smoker.
每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你已经是不吸烟的人了。
every
time在这里是连词短语，意为“每当”，引导时间状语从句。every
time，each
time，next
time，the
last
time，the
first
time，the
moment，the
minute短语常用作从属连词，用来引导时间状语从句。
Each
time
I
get
a
cold，I
have
a
headache.
每次感冒我都头疼。
He
phoned
me
the
moment
he
reached
Chicago.
他一到芝加哥就给我打了电话。
immediately,
directly用作连词也可引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
He
made
for
the
door
directly
he
heard
the
knock.
一听到敲门声他就跑去开门了。
I
got
in
touch
with
him
immediately
I
received
the
letter.
我一接到信就跟他联系了。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
Bill
tries
to
lead
as
active
1.a
life
as
men
of
his
age
do.He
2.does
know
it
is
beneficial
to
take
outdoor
activities
regularly.3.Every
time
he
is
free，he
will
go
camping.He
feels
he
is
more
likely
4.to
take
(take)
a
load
off
his
mind
while
5.being
(be)
close
to
nature.
【导学号：11470112】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Swimming
is
considered
to
be
as
good
way
as
any
to
lose
weight.But
I
don't
agree
with
the
viewpoint，neither
are
many
health
experts.Actually，people
who
exercise
regularly
combined
with
a
controlled
diet
are
more
likely
get
rid
of
extra
pounds
or
body
fat.Self discipline
and
patience
did
have
effect
on
weight
loss，too.So
every
time
that
you
eat
out，remember
not
to
have
too
much.
【答案】
Swimming
is
considered
to
be
as
good
way
as
any
to
lose
weight.But
I
don't
agree
with
the
viewpoint，neither
many
health
experts.Actually，people
who
exercise
regularly
combined
with
a
controlled
diet
are
more
likely
get
rid
of
extra
pounds
or
body
fat.Self discipline
and
patience
have
effect
on
weight
loss，too.So
every
time
you
eat
out，remember
not
to
have
too
much.
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．I
remembered
locking
(lock)
the
door
when
I
left
the
office.
2．He
got
well
prepared，for
he
couldn't
risk
losing
(lose)
the
good
opportunity.
3.
A
meeting
was
held
to
discuss
the
effects
of
tourism
on
the
wildlife
in
the
area.
4.
More
and
more
governments
have
put
a
ban
on
eating
wild
animals.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Jack
gave
no
opinion
because
he
didn't
want
to
risk
involved
in
the
debate.
【导学号：11470113】
2．In
fact，there
is
no
necessary
cause
and
effects
between
heavy
coffee
drinking
and
heart
attacks.
3．Efforts
have
been
made
to
find
an
effective
cure
of
cancer
in
the
past
decades.
4．The
meat
will
stay
freshly
for
several
days
if
it
is
put
in
a
fridge.
【答案】 1.risk后加being 2.effects→effect 3.of→for 4.freshly→fresh
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
Kate
still
remembers
taken
by
her
grandpa
to
a
mountain.They
hoped
to
find
some
wild
plants
that
might
be
a
cure
with
her
strange
illness.A
ban
to
hunting
two
years
before
had
effects
on
the
wild
animals.Their
number
was
increasing
fast.The
grandfather
and
granddaughter
had
to
risk
having
attacked
by
wild
beasts.They
hid
themselves
in
caves
or
in
trees
to
stay
safely
when
night
fell.Luckily，they
returned
home
after
three
days，carrying
what
she
needed.
【答案】
Kate
still
remembers
taken
by
her
grandpa
to
a
mountain.They
hoped
to
find
some
wild
plants
that
might
be
a
cure
her
strange
illness.A
ban
hunting
two
years
before
had
on
the
wild
animals.
Their
number
was
increasing
fast.The
grandfather
and
granddaughter
had
to
risk
attacked
by
wild
beasts.They
hid
themselves
in
caves
or
in
trees
to
stay
when
night
fell.Luckily，they
returned
home
after
three
days，carrying
what
she
needed.
①remember
doing与remember
to
do的意义是不同的，前者意为“记得曾做过某事”，后者意为“记住或记得要去做某事”。
②动词risk后接动名词作宾语，有risk
doing和risk
being
done两种形式，要注意区别。
③have
effect
on“对……有影响”，与have
influence
on，have
impact
on同义。另外，cause
and
effect是固定短语，意为“因果关系；因果”。
④ban作名词时，后与on搭配，意为“……的禁令”。put
a
ban
on“禁止……”；lift
a
ban
on“解除对……的禁令”。
⑤cure作动词，常构成短语cure
sb.of...“治愈某人的……病”，但作名词时，则构成短语a
cure
for...“治……病的方法”。
⑥stay
fresh“保鲜”，此时stay是系动词，后接形容词作表语，又如：stay
safe；stay
calm；stay
alive。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
许多人，甚至一些青少年，染上了(get
into)吸烟这个坏习惯。人一旦吸烟上瘾(be
addicted
to)，他的身体就会习惯(be
accustomed
to)尼古丁，这会对吸烟者以及周围人的健康造成危害(do
harm
to)，很多人因为(due
to)吸烟死于肺癌或心脏病。另外，吸烟可能会引发火灾，导致严重损失和众多死亡。政府有必要减少烟草的产量，虽然(in
spite
of)会对经济产生一点负面影响。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的写作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第一句：去掉been 第二句：that→which；well后加as 第四句：resulted→resulting 第五句：fact后加that选修6 Unit
4 Global
warming
The
tendency
of
global
warming
has
been
observed
worldwide.One
of
the
consequences
of
the
average
temperature
steadily
going
up
is
that
catastrophes
like
floods
occur
more
often.Collected
data
make
a
clear
presentation
about
how
this
phenomenon
comes
about.Large
quantities
of
carbon
dioxide
released
into
the
atmosphere
prevent
heat
from
escaping
into
space
besides
causing
a
wide
range
of
pollution.Scientists
subscribe
to
the
view
that
human's
existence
and
their
casual
behaviours
are
to
blame.Though
someone
states
that
global
warming
is
mild，not
severe，we
must
find
a
solution
to
the
threat.The
commitment
requires
shared
efforts.It
is
now
a
global
trend
to
consume
fewer
fossil
fuels.Governments
tend
to
advocate
refreshing
our
living
circumstances
by
saving
energy
and
recycling
waste.
默写识记
◆默写单词
1．quantity
n．
量；数量
2．tend
vi.
趋向；易于；照顾
vt.
照顾；护理
3．trend
n.
趋势；倾向；走向
4．oppose
vt.
反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
5．state
vt.
陈述；说明
6．range
n.
种类；范围
7．glance
vi.
看一下；扫视
n.
一瞥
8．steady
adj.
平稳的；持续的；稳固的
9.
average
adj.
平均的
10．circumstance
n.
环境；情况
◆记住词义
1．consume
vt.
消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完
2．phenomenon
n.
现象
3．random
adj.
胡乱的；任意的
4．measurement
n.
衡量；测量；尺寸
5．consequence
n.
结果；后果；影响
6．electrical
adj.
电的；与电有关的
7．mild
adj.
温和的；温柔的；淡的
8．existence
n.
生存；存在
9．tendency
n.
倾向；趋势
10．advocate
vt.
拥护；提倡；主张
11．refresh
vt.
使恢复；使振作
12．presentation
n.
显示；演出
◆写出短语
1．come
about
发生；造成
2．go
up
上升；增长；升起
3．result
in
导致
4．be
opposed
to
反对……
5.
keep
on
继续
6．on
the
whole
大体上；基本上
7．on
behalf
of
代表……一方；作为……的代言人
8．put
up
with
忍受；容忍
9．as/so
long
as
只要
10．subscribe
to
同意；赞成；订购
联想拓展
形容词后缀 al
1．National
国家的；民族的
2．natural
自然的
3．personal
私人的
4．additional
额外的
5．professional
职业的
短语串记
1．be
attached
to
附属于；喜欢
2．be
accustomed
to
习惯于
3．be
addicted
to
沉溺于
4．be
devoted
to
奉献；致力于
－－－－－－－－－－－
5．quantities
of
大量的
6．numbers
of
大量的
7．amounts
of
许多的
8．masses
of
许多的
－－－－－－－－－－－
9．come
across
偶然发现
10．come
out
出现；出版
11．come
to
总计；归纳为
12．come
up
走近；发芽；被提出
－－－－－－－－－－－
13．put
up
with
忍耐；忍受；熬过
14．keep
up
with
与……同步；跟上
15．catch
up
with
跟上
16．end
up
with
以……结束
17．come
up
with
提出；想出
－－－－－－－－－－－
18．as/so
far
as
就……而言；至于
19．as
well
as
也；和
经典例句
①Many
residents
were
opposed
to
tearing
down
the
old
houses.许多居民反对拆毁旧房子。
②She's
been
in
China
only
for
days
and
is
not
accustomed
to
eating
Chinese
food.她才来中国几天，还不习惯吃中餐。
③Before
the
exam，I
spent
quantities
of
time
in
preparing
for
it.在考试前，我花了大量的时间做准备。
④The
young
dancers
looked
so
charming
in
their
beautiful
clothes
that
we
took
masses
of
pictures
of
them.这些青年舞蹈演员穿着漂亮的衣服，很迷人，我们拍了很多他们的照片。
⑤I
can
put
up
with
the
house
being
untidy，but
I
hate
it
when
it's
not
clean.我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。
⑥How
does
it
come
about
that
he
is
so
badly
off
when
he
earns
quite
a
good
salary？他挣那么多钱，却那样贫穷，怎么会这样呢？
⑦This
magazine，which
comes
out
weekly，appeals
to
young
women
much.该杂志每周出版，甚得年轻女人的喜爱。
⑧The
noise
upstairs
is
too
loud
and
I
can't
simply
put
up
with
it.楼上弄出的噪音很大，我简直受不了了。
⑨Don't
mind
what
others
say
so
long
as
we
are
confident
in
what
we
have
done.只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人的话。
词汇异空间——派生词汇
原词
词义
派生词
词义
consume
vt.
消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完
consumer
n.consumption
n．
1.消费者2.消费
steady
adj.
平稳的；持续的；稳固的
steadily
adv.
3.平稳地；持续地
exist
vi.
存在
existence
n．
4.生存；存在
grow
v．
增长；(使)生长
growth
n．
5.增长；生长
consequence
n．
结果；后果；影响
consequent
adj.consequently
adv.
6.随之发生的；作为结果的7.因此；所以
contribute
v．.
贡献；撰稿
contribution
n．
8.贡献
present
vt.
呈现；赠送
presentation
n．
9.显示；演出
tend
v．
趋向；易于；照顾
tendency n．
10.倾向；趋势
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Food
prices
in
this
country
are
going
up
1.steadily
(steady)
because
of
a
rapid
population
2.growth
(grow)．Farmers
have
a
3.tendency
(tend)
to
expand
the
area
of
arable
land
for
more
crops
next
year.Food
4.consumers
(consume)
will
feel
delighted，but
the
public
worries
that
this
will
threaten
the
5.existence
(exist)
of
wildlife
because
their
habitat
may
be
destroyed.It
is
really
a
dilemma
for
many.
Ⅱ.单句填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．My
car
broke
down
and
consequently
(consequence)
I
was
late
for
the
party.
2．He
was
given
an
expensive
car
as
a
reward
for
his
contribution
(contribute)
to
the
company's
success.
3．A
survery
shows
cigarette
consumption
(consume)
is
increasing
in
rural
areas
of
this
country.
4．I
was
asked
to
give
a
short
presentation
(present)
on
the
aims
of
the
project.
词法新图谱——重点词汇
●灵活多变的动词
词汇
词性
意义
现在分词
过去分词
consume
vt.
消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完
consuming
consumed
subscribe
v.
同意；捐赠；订阅；捐助
subscribing
subscribed
tend
v.
趋向；易于；照顾
tending
tended
oppose
vt.
反对；反抗
opposing
opposed
state
vt.
陈述；说明
stating
stated
glance
vi.
看一下；扫视
glancing
glanced
advocate
vt.
拥护；提倡；主张
advocating
advocated
refresh
vt.
使恢复；使振作
refreshing
refreshed
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Scientists
tend
1.to
subscribe
(subscribe)
to
the
view
that
global
warming
is
caused
by
burning
fossil
fuels.Coal
and
oil
2.are
consumed
(consume)
every
day，giving
off
lots
of
carbon
dioxide.With
more
people
3.opposed
(oppose)
to
using
fossil
fuels，governments
4.have
been
advocating
(advocate)
developing
clean
energy
in
the
past
decades.We
are
convinced
that
the
problem
will
be
coped
with
one
day.
【导学号：11470114】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Whenever
she
felt
depressed，Mary
tends
to
walk
down
a
narrow
street.One
evening
she
came
to
the
street
again
after
was
consuming
a
few
cups
of
alcohol
in
a
bar.She
was
meant
refresh
herself.It
was
stating，however，that
this
street
was
not
very
safe
recently.Glanced
over
her
shoulder，Mary
found
that
she
was
being
followed.She
rushed
back
home，almost
scared
to
death.
【答案】
Whenever
she
felt
depressed，Mary
to
walk
down
a
narrow
street.One
evening
she
came
to
the
street
again
after
consuming
a
few
cups
of
alcohol
in
a
bar.She
was
meant
refresh
herself.It
was
，however，that
this
street
was
not
very
safe
recently.
over
her
shoulder，Mary
found
that
she
was
being
followed.She
rushed
back
home，almost
scared
to
death.
①tend
to
do
sth.“趋向于做某事，易于做某事，往往会……”；tend
to
sb./sth.“照顾；护理”。
②oppose
(sb.)doing
sth.反对(某人)做某事；be
opposed
to
doing
sth.反对做某事。
③advocate
doing
sth.主张(做)某事。have
been
advocating是现在完成进行时，句中的in
the
past
decades“在过去几十年里”要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。另外，advocate后可接that从句，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should)
do”形式。
④be
meant
to
do
sth.“打算做某事；想做某事”。
⑤It
is
stated
that...“据称；据说”。As
is
stated
in
a
newspaper“正如报纸上所说的那样”。
⑥glance
over
one's
shoulder“回头一看；扭头一看”。
⑦subscribe
sth.to
sb.“把某物捐赠给某人”。
●相依为命的词搭配
搭配
例释、联想、拓展
动介
come
about 发生；造成subscribe
to
同意；赞成；订购result
in
导致
come
across偶遇，碰到；come
to涉及，共计，达到；bring
about导致，引起；put
up
with忍受；容忍
动副
keep
on
继续go
up
上升；增长；升起
keep
up保持，维持；keep
back保持距离；keep
out不进入，留在外面；build
up加强；累积
动名
take
a
glance
at...对……匆匆一看，
一瞥make
a
difference
很重要；与众不同；有影响
I
took
a
glance
at
the
hall
and
found
many
familiar
faces
among
the
audience.我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。
介名
on
the
whole 大体上；基本上on
behalf
of
代表on
average
一般说来；通常；平均in
consequence/as
a
consequence
结果under
no
circumstances
在任何情况下绝不
Under
no
circumstances
should
a
soldier
leave
his
post.士兵无论如何不能离开岗位。On
behalf
of
my
company，I
thank
you
for
your
generous
help.我代表公司感谢你们的慷慨帮助。
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)
How
does
it
come
1.about
that
the
housing
price
keeps
rising
in
big
cities
Some
say
that
land
is
a
scarce
resource，which
has
resulted
2.in
the
high
price.But
I
don't
subscribe
3.to
the
viewpoint.Take
a
glance
4.at
the
more
crowded
streets，and
you
may
find
the
reasons.More
people
come
pouring
into
big
cities.They
are，5.on
the
whole，very
wealthy
people.6.As
a
consequence，there
is
such
a
great
demand
for
houses
that
the
price
will
absolutely
go
7.up.
【导学号：11470115】
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
Exercising
regularly
helps
us
build
up
for
our
body
and
character.But
some
people
stop
doing
that
in
summer
or
winter
because
they
can't
put
up
the
heat
or
cold.Our
fitness
centre
offers
you
a
comfortable
environment.Good
facilities
and
services
are
available
at
any
circumstances.As
the
manager，I，on
the
behalf
of
our
staff，welcome
you
to
our
centre
for
practice.
【答案】
Exercising
regularly
helps
us
build
up
our
body
and
character.But
some
people
stop
doing
that
in
summer
or
winter
because
they
can't
put
up
the
heat
or
cold.Our
fitness
centre
offers
you
a
comfortable
environment.Good
facilities
and
services
are
available
any
circumstances.As
the
manager，I，on
behalf
of
our
staff，welcome
you
to
our
centre
for
practice.
句法新天地——重点句型
There
is
no
doubt
that...
[教材原句]
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
(see
Graph
1)
and
that
it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming
rather
than
a
random
but
natural
phenomenon.
毫无疑问，地球正在变暖(看图表1)并且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。
There
is
no
doubt
that
...“毫无疑问……”，that引导的同位语从句。
There
is
no
doubt
at
all
that
we
did
the
right
thing.
毫无疑问我们做得对。
There
is
no
doubt
that
Jack
is
a
diligent
student.
毫无疑问杰克是个勤奋的学生。
(1)doubt用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句，注意不可以用if替换whether。
(2)在否定句和疑问句中，动词doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
There
is
some
doubt
whether
he
can
win
the
first
prize.
他是否能赢得一等奖还有些疑问。
I
doubt
whether/if
the
new
one
will
be
any
better.
我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好些。
I
never
doubted
that
she
would
come.
我从未怀疑过她会来。
so/as
long
as
[教材原句] It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so
long
as
you
are
using
it
—
if
not,
turn
it
off!
只要你在使用电器设备，就可以让它开着。如果不用，就把它关掉！
so/as
long
as
“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
So
long
as
we
have
a
strong
will，we'll
be
able
to
get
over
any
difficulty.
只要有坚强的意志，我们就能够克服任何困难。
As
long
as
there
is
kindness
and
virtue，the
world
will
become
more
beautiful.
只要有善良和美德，世界将变得更加美好。
(1)as
long
as还可表示“与……一样长”。
(2)as
well
as与……一样好；也；和；as
far
as远及到……；as
far
as
I
know
就我所知；as
good
as与……一样好；几乎
This
line
is
four
times
as
long
as
that
one.
这条线是那条线的四倍长。
As
far
as
I
know，some
of
the
experts
are
from
some
foreign
countries.
就我所知，这些专家中有的来自外国。
即时演练
Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空
When
his
career
is
as
good
1.as
becoming
a
failure，my
brother
has
decided
to
make
some
changes.However，he
has
some
doubt
2.whether
he
can
make
it.Our
family
members
all
have
faith
in
him，saying
that
3.so
long
as
he
holds
on
to
his
dream
and
goal，4.there
is
no
doubt
that
he
will
have
a
successful
career.
Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错
There
is
little
doubt
graduates
have
difficulty
finding
jobs.That
takes
patience，courage
as
well
as
determination
to
get
a
satisfied
job.In
the
eyes
of
many
employers，work
experience
is
counts
most
for
a
job
hunter.Therefore，so
far
as
you
are
given
an
opportunity
to
have
access
with
work
experience，don't
hesitate
to
seize
it.
【答案】
There
is
little
doubt
graduates
have
difficulty
finding
jobs.
takes
patience，courage
as
well
as
determination
to
get
a
job.In
the
eyes
of
many
employers，work
experience
counts
most
for
a
job
hunter.Therefore，so
as
you
are
given
an
opportunity
to
have
access
work
experience，don't
hesitate
to
seize
it.
【导学号：11470116】
冷知识详单——查缺补漏
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．The
price
of
petrol
has
been
increased
by
20
percent
since
the
beginning
of
this
year.
2．Perseverance
is
a
kind
of
quality—and
that's
what
it
takes
to
do
anything
well.
3.
During
the
experiment，he
selected
people
at
random
and
asked
them
questions.
4．Large
quantities
of
rain
are
(be)
needed
in
this
area，where
crops
are
dying.
5．The
children's
ages
range
from
8
to
15.
6．Be
open minded
to
different
opinions
even
if
you
don't
like
them.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Luckily，the
bullet
narrowly
missed
the
captain
at
an
inch.
2．I've
worked
with
children
before，so
I
know
what
expect
in
my
new
job.
3．Large
quantities
of
fresh
water
is
being
transported
to
that
big
city.
【导学号：11470117】
【答案】 1.at→by 2.what后加to 3.is→are
Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错
It
was
at
5
p．m.when
we
began
to
climb
up
the
mountain，where
large
quantities
of
wildlife
was
discovered.We
continued
our
trip
as
if
it
was
getting
dark.Along
the
way
we
shot
a
few
hares
and
chickens
that
came
within
ranges.When
we
were
all
exhausted
and
needed
to
regain
energy，we
made
a
fire
and
had
a
barbecue.
【答案】
It
was
at
5
p．m.
we
began
to
climb
up
the
mountain，where
large
quantities
of
wildlife
discovered.We
continued
our
trip
if
it
was
getting
dark.Along
the
way
we
shot
a
few
hares
and
chickens
that
came
within
.When
we
were
all
exhausted
and
needed
to
regain
energy，we
made
a
fire
and
had
a
barbecue.
①介词by可表示增减的程度，如：rise
by
two
metres上升了两米；decline
by
5%减少了5%。
②it
takes
sth.to
do
sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事需要……”。
③at
random随机地。
④(large/small)quantities
of后既可接复数名词也可接不可数名词，此短语作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。要注意这与a
(large/small)
quantity
of是有所不同的。相同用法的短语还有：amounts
of...；masses
of...等。
⑤range常可构成以下短语：range
from...to
...在……范围内变动；a
wide
range
of...各种……；in/within
range在射程以内；beyond/out
of
range在射程外。
⑥what
to
expect是固定短语，一般在句中作宾语，意为“料想到会是什么样子”。
⑦even
if/though“即使，既然”，是连词短语，用来引导让步状语从句，与as
if/though意义不同。
微写作链接——知识运用
[写作提示]
地球上的可饮用水倾向于(tend
to)越来越少。怎么会这样呢(come
about)？一方面，在日常生活中，很多水被浪费了。另一方面，许多工厂把大量的(large
quantities
of)污水排入了河流。全球气温持续上升(go
up)导致(result
in)某些地方雨水减少。如果我们不想忍受(put
up
with)干渴，我们就必须保护和充分利用地球上的水资源。只要(so
long
as)我们强烈反对(be
opposed
to)水污染，我们就不必为地球的将来担心。
洋话连篇 作文就是这么简单！！
[规避错误]
下面是李明的写作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
【答案】 第二句：is→does 第四句：other前加the；make→making 第五句：steady→steadily 第六句：in→to
