情态动词
图片预览
文档简介
课件52张PPT。情态动词
modal verbsHow many modal verbs
do you know?can could
may might
shall should
will would
must (mustn’t)
ought to have to
dare (daren’t)
need (needn’t)
表示推测不表示推测modal
verbs1.Ability (能力):Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1. can 一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许 。Learning English
_____ be difficult.canMan can not live without air. Can you help me with my training?I don’t know how to use this equipment! can/could:2.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中） He’s such a nice person that he ______ break his promise. can’t你怎么会如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:3. can never/can’t……too表示“无论怎样…也不过分”，“越…越好” 。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。 You can never be too careful while crossing the road. 1. A computer ______ think for itself; it must
be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t
C. may not D. might notA A2. That big cinema ______ seat 2,000 people.
A. can B. should
C. ought to D. may3. — Could I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you _______.
A. might B. will C. can D. shouldC 4.There is someone knocking at the door.
???? it be Tom? ? A. Can? B. Must? C. Should? D. OughtA I’m so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (义务):…yet, He must work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle race…Attention:advisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustYour mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you ___ look after her in return. A. can B. may C. have to D. must 3.Permission (允许):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示许可。表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些。— Might/May I use your computer?
— Yes, you can./No, you can’t. may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用can或could )。 祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. spoken/informalformal/writtencancouldmightmay might may could should ought to mustvery uncertainalmost certainpermission(允许)certainty(确定性)1.Why is it so dark. There ??????? be a heavy rain coming. ??A. shall?? B. may?? C. should?? D. will
2.Tom, you ??????? play with the knife; you ??????? hurt yourself. ??A. won't, could?? B. mustn't, may??
C. shouldn't, must?? D. can't, should
4.Giving advice (提出意见):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!!!should:should表示义务或责任、估计、意外或惊讶，其同义词是ought to；We should learn from each other.I’m surprised that he should eat so little every day. (NMET2007全国I)
—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will B. would
C. should D. must
(NMET2005上海) There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’tLet's have a try!Choosing the right cityWhen choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. The first is the sports facilities. The city ____ (must, should) have an Olympic stadium and also _______ (has to, ought to) provide first-class training grounds. The chosen city ____ (must, should) also have plenty of good hotels and _____ (could, must) have an international airport nearby.musthas tomustmustThe city itself _____ (must, should) be clean and public transport _______ (has to, ought to) be convenient. If there were lots of good restaurants in the city, this would make it more attractive.shouldought toAnother thing we should think about is the people who live in the city: if a lot of people _____ (could, might) speak English, it would be very helpful for tourists. Visitors ____ (have to, may) be interested in tourist attractions too, so we also need to pay attention to the standards of services. Finally, we should consider green spaces. If a city has plenty of parks, this ____ (could, must) help its bid to be an Olympic city.couldmaycouldLook at the following pictures, discuss with your partner and then use one or two sentences with modal verbs to tell us the information you can get.Task 3We mustn’t play with scissors. You may get hurt. We mustn’t stand under the tall tree when there is thunder and lightening.LighteningAlthough animals are our best friends, we shouldn’t get too close with them. Sometimes they may spread disease.We shouldn’t play tricks on our classmates in class.Question: How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage context (上下文、语境)shall 将，会承诺
威胁，警告
法官说的话，法律条文中
用于第一，第三人称，表示征求对方意见
You shall have a new computer if you pass the coming exam.
You shall be punished if you insist on doing it this way.
-Shall he come in? - Come in, please.
1. -Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
-You have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. may not D. shouldn’t
2. -The room is so dirty. we clean it?
-Of course.
A. should B. Can C. Shall. D. May.will 将，会将来的动作或状态
意愿，决心，意向
表示推测“该是，可能”
表示功能“能，行”
表示习惯性，经常性，倾向性“总是，惯于”
表示询问，请求，命令
Tomorrow will be Thursday.
We will do our best.
He will have got home by now.
The door won’t open.
Boys will be boys.
Will you take your seats, please!will 将，会可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 情态动词 (+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.无人称和数的变化; 2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly, never,
no one, nobody连用; 3.常以needn’t 和daren’t
的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared. 多用于肯定句;
need to do
dare to do
need to be done
need doing
判断正误:
How dare you say such a thing?
How dare you to say such a thing?He daren’t to speak English before such a
crowd, did he?
He daren’t speak English before such a
crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.
Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes needed be cleaned carefully.
These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.
These dishes need cleaning carefully. （二）表达虚拟语气的情态动词
对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟，用情态动词+have done这一结构，常用的有以下几个情态动词：
? should (not) / ought (not) to have done
本(不)应该做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责备或后悔之意。
You should have handed in your home-
work on time!
could have done本来能够做某事但未做
I could have come on time, but my car broke down on the way.你本来可以做的更好，可是你太粗心了！You could have done better, but you are
too careless!needn’t have done本没有必要做某事但却做了
might have done must have done表示对已经发生的事进行猜测 —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
— You________ her last week. （福建04）
A． ought to tell B． would have told
C． must tell D． should have told
He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.（山东05）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
（NMET2008江苏）
—I’m sorry. I _________at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout C. mustn’t have shouted
I didn’t know Smith was coming until now. If you had let me know yesterday, I ____ to the airport to meet him.
A. would have gone B. would go
C. should have gone D. will go
虚拟语气 （NMET2005福建）
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ________ it, I could manage it myself. A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
（NMET2008江西）What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better. A. need have done B. must have done
C. can have done D. might have done 表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测
可能的推测
否定的推测
疑问的推测must 对将来 对现在 对过去情态动词may, might
could can’t,
couldn’tcan, could + V. + V. + have done
常见must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done
+ be doing
+V. + V. + have done
+ be doing+ V. + V. + have done
+ be doing 1. I don't know where she is, she _______ be in
Wuhan.
2. At this moment, our teacher ________________
our exam papers.
这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。
3. The road is wet. It ________________ last night.
昨晚一定下雨了.
4. Your mother ______________________ for you.
你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been looking5. Philip ________________________ seriously in
the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.
6. ---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is
still here.
---She _____________________ (go) by bus.
7. Mike ________________ his car, for he came to
work by bus this morning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐
公共汽车来上班的。may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecan’t have found高考考题:
1. I thought you _____like something to read, so
I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. would D. must
2. Where is my pen? I ____it.
A. might lose B. would have lost
C. should have lost D. must have lost
3. I didn’t hear the phone. I ___asleep
A. must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have beenB D B 4. ---There were already five people in the car,
but they managed to take me as well.
----It ____a comfortable journey
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
5. It’s nearly seven o’clock . Jack ___be here at
any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. could
D D 不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：
He is at home. (事实)
He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断）
He could be at home.（很可能）
He ought to be at home.（很可能）
He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已）
He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定）
He might not be at home.（也许不在家）
He may not be at home. （比might可能）
He couldn’t be at home.（很可能不在家）
He can’t be at home.（一定不在家）
He isn't at home.（事实） HomeworkRevise the usage of modal verbs
Get prepared for the next periodMany thanks
Goodbye
modal verbsHow many modal verbs
do you know?can could
may might
shall should
will would
must (mustn’t)
ought to have to
dare (daren’t)
need (needn’t)
表示推测不表示推测modal
verbs1.Ability (能力):Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1. can 一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许 。Learning English
_____ be difficult.canMan can not live without air. Can you help me with my training?I don’t know how to use this equipment! can/could:2.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中） He’s such a nice person that he ______ break his promise. can’t你怎么会如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:3. can never/can’t……too表示“无论怎样…也不过分”，“越…越好” 。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。 You can never be too careful while crossing the road. 1. A computer ______ think for itself; it must
be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t
C. may not D. might notA A2. That big cinema ______ seat 2,000 people.
A. can B. should
C. ought to D. may3. — Could I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you _______.
A. might B. will C. can D. shouldC 4.There is someone knocking at the door.
???? it be Tom? ? A. Can? B. Must? C. Should? D. OughtA I’m so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (义务):…yet, He must work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle race…Attention:advisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustYour mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you ___ look after her in return. A. can B. may C. have to D. must 3.Permission (允许):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示许可。表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些。— Might/May I use your computer?
— Yes, you can./No, you can’t. may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用can或could )。 祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. spoken/informalformal/writtencancouldmightmay might may could should ought to mustvery uncertainalmost certainpermission(允许)certainty(确定性)1.Why is it so dark. There ??????? be a heavy rain coming. ??A. shall?? B. may?? C. should?? D. will
2.Tom, you ??????? play with the knife; you ??????? hurt yourself. ??A. won't, could?? B. mustn't, may??
C. shouldn't, must?? D. can't, should
4.Giving advice (提出意见):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!!!should:should表示义务或责任、估计、意外或惊讶，其同义词是ought to；We should learn from each other.I’m surprised that he should eat so little every day. (NMET2007全国I)
—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will B. would
C. should D. must
(NMET2005上海) There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’tLet's have a try!Choosing the right cityWhen choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. The first is the sports facilities. The city ____ (must, should) have an Olympic stadium and also _______ (has to, ought to) provide first-class training grounds. The chosen city ____ (must, should) also have plenty of good hotels and _____ (could, must) have an international airport nearby.musthas tomustmustThe city itself _____ (must, should) be clean and public transport _______ (has to, ought to) be convenient. If there were lots of good restaurants in the city, this would make it more attractive.shouldought toAnother thing we should think about is the people who live in the city: if a lot of people _____ (could, might) speak English, it would be very helpful for tourists. Visitors ____ (have to, may) be interested in tourist attractions too, so we also need to pay attention to the standards of services. Finally, we should consider green spaces. If a city has plenty of parks, this ____ (could, must) help its bid to be an Olympic city.couldmaycouldLook at the following pictures, discuss with your partner and then use one or two sentences with modal verbs to tell us the information you can get.Task 3We mustn’t play with scissors. You may get hurt. We mustn’t stand under the tall tree when there is thunder and lightening.LighteningAlthough animals are our best friends, we shouldn’t get too close with them. Sometimes they may spread disease.We shouldn’t play tricks on our classmates in class.Question: How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage context (上下文、语境)shall 将，会承诺
威胁，警告
法官说的话，法律条文中
用于第一，第三人称，表示征求对方意见
You shall have a new computer if you pass the coming exam.
You shall be punished if you insist on doing it this way.
-Shall he come in? - Come in, please.
1. -Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
-You have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. may not D. shouldn’t
2. -The room is so dirty. we clean it?
-Of course.
A. should B. Can C. Shall. D. May.will 将，会将来的动作或状态
意愿，决心，意向
表示推测“该是，可能”
表示功能“能，行”
表示习惯性，经常性，倾向性“总是，惯于”
表示询问，请求，命令
Tomorrow will be Thursday.
We will do our best.
He will have got home by now.
The door won’t open.
Boys will be boys.
Will you take your seats, please!will 将，会可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 情态动词 (+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.无人称和数的变化; 2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly, never,
no one, nobody连用; 3.常以needn’t 和daren’t
的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared. 多用于肯定句;
need to do
dare to do
need to be done
need doing
判断正误:
How dare you say such a thing?
How dare you to say such a thing?He daren’t to speak English before such a
crowd, did he?
He daren’t speak English before such a
crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.
Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes needed be cleaned carefully.
These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.
These dishes need cleaning carefully. （二）表达虚拟语气的情态动词
对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟，用情态动词+have done这一结构，常用的有以下几个情态动词：
? should (not) / ought (not) to have done
本(不)应该做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责备或后悔之意。
You should have handed in your home-
work on time!
could have done本来能够做某事但未做
I could have come on time, but my car broke down on the way.你本来可以做的更好，可是你太粗心了！You could have done better, but you are
too careless!needn’t have done本没有必要做某事但却做了
might have done must have done表示对已经发生的事进行猜测 —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
— You________ her last week. （福建04）
A． ought to tell B． would have told
C． must tell D． should have told
He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.（山东05）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
（NMET2008江苏）
—I’m sorry. I _________at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout C. mustn’t have shouted
I didn’t know Smith was coming until now. If you had let me know yesterday, I ____ to the airport to meet him.
A. would have gone B. would go
C. should have gone D. will go
虚拟语气 （NMET2005福建）
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ________ it, I could manage it myself. A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
（NMET2008江西）What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better. A. need have done B. must have done
C. can have done D. might have done 表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测
可能的推测
否定的推测
疑问的推测must 对将来 对现在 对过去情态动词may, might
could can’t,
couldn’tcan, could + V. + V. + have done
常见must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done
+ be doing
+V. + V. + have done
+ be doing+ V. + V. + have done
+ be doing 1. I don't know where she is, she _______ be in
Wuhan.
2. At this moment, our teacher ________________
our exam papers.
这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。
3. The road is wet. It ________________ last night.
昨晚一定下雨了.
4. Your mother ______________________ for you.
你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been looking5. Philip ________________________ seriously in
the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.
6. ---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is
still here.
---She _____________________ (go) by bus.
7. Mike ________________ his car, for he came to
work by bus this morning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐
公共汽车来上班的。may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecan’t have found高考考题:
1. I thought you _____like something to read, so
I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. would D. must
2. Where is my pen? I ____it.
A. might lose B. would have lost
C. should have lost D. must have lost
3. I didn’t hear the phone. I ___asleep
A. must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have beenB D B 4. ---There were already five people in the car,
but they managed to take me as well.
----It ____a comfortable journey
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
5. It’s nearly seven o’clock . Jack ___be here at
any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. could
D D 不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：
He is at home. (事实)
He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断）
He could be at home.（很可能）
He ought to be at home.（很可能）
He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已）
He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定）
He might not be at home.（也许不在家）
He may not be at home. （比might可能）
He couldn’t be at home.（很可能不在家）
He can’t be at home.（一定不在家）
He isn't at home.（事实） HomeworkRevise the usage of modal verbs
Get prepared for the next periodMany thanks
Goodbye