模块1 Unit 1 School life知识点汇总和练习

模块一
Unit
1
知识要点解读
What
is
your
dream
school
life
like
你梦想中的学校生活是什么样的？
What
is...like
......怎么样？用于询问某人或某事的情况怎么样。like是介词，what是其宾语。
What’s
the
weather
like
today
今天天气怎么样？
---what’s
he
like
他是个什么样的人？
---He
isn’t
a
good-looking
man
but
he
is
very
kind-hearted.
他长得不是很好看，但心地善良。
【知识拓展】
what
is
sb
like
既可以用于询问某人的长相，又可以询问某人的性情，品质等，意为“某人是个什么样的人？”。
---What’s
Ruth
like
露丝是个什么样的人呢？
---She
is
quiet
and
a
little
shy.她很文静，有点害羞。
What
does
sb
look
like
仅用于询问某人的长相怎么样，like为介词，意为”某人长什么样？”
---
What
does
he
look
like
他长什么样？
---He
is
very
tall
and
handsome.
他高大英俊。
what
does
sb
like
用于询问某人喜欢什么。其中like为动词，what是其宾语。
---What
does
he
like
他喜欢什么？
---He
likes
football.
他喜欢足球。
例1
---_____________
---She’s
slim
and
pretty.
What
do
you
think
of
the
girl
How
do
you
like
the
girl
What’s
the
girl
like
How
is
the
girl
[解析]
C
答语的意思为“她既苗条又漂亮”。显然问句应是问一个人的外貌特征，故选C。
What
do
you
think
of... 问得是一个人的品行。
例2
---____________
in
your
city
now
---It’s
very
hot
at
noon
but
very
cool
at
night.
How
is
the
weather
like
What’s
the
weather
like
How
does
the
weather
look
like
What
is
the
weather
[解析]
B
句意为”你们城市现在的天气怎么样？“，
”正午非常热但夜里很凉爽“，
故选B。
Going
to
a
British
high
school
for
one
year
was
a
very
enjoyable
and
exciting
experience
for
me.
在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。
本句中的
Going
to
a
British
high
school
for
one
year
是动名词短语，作整个句子的主语。动名词短语在作主语时，可以表示概念，习惯或经验，句子的谓语动词用单数形式。
Playing
basketball
is
fun.
打篮球是有趣的事。
Driving
fast
is
dangerous.
开快车有危险。
Being
praised
by
the
class
teacher
made
her
very
proud.
被班主任表扬，这让她很自豪。
【注意】动词不定式短语也可以用作主语，主要区别是动词不定式往往表示具体的或一次性的动作，一般情况下两种情况可以互换。
To
get
there
by
like
will
take
us
half
an
hour.
骑车到那儿需要我们半个小时。
It’s
not
good
for
you
to
drink
too
much.
=Drinking
too
much
is
not
good
for
you.
喝太多酒对你是不好的。
【知识拓展】
常可以用it作形式主语，动名词词做真正主语的句型有：it
is/was
no
use/good
/a
waste
of
time(money)
doing
st.
做某事是无用的/没有好处的/浪费时间（金钱）的。
It
is
no
use
waiting
here.
在这空等是没有用的。
Experience
做名词，用法如下：
经历
This
was
my
first
experience
of
living
aboard.
这是我第一次在国外生活的经历。
Getting
caught
in
the
flood
was
quite
a
special
experience
for
me.
被洪水困住对我来说是一次相当特别的经历。
经验
Experience
is
the
best
teacher.
经验是最好的老师。
Nowadays
people
prefer
to
hire
someone
with
work
experience.
当今人们更喜欢雇佣有工作经验的人。
【注意】experience
还可以做动词，意为“经历，遭受；感受，体会，体验”。
To
experience
pain/pleasure/unhappiness感受痛苦/愉快/不快
Everyone
experiences
these
problems
at
some
time
in
their
lives.每个人在人生中的某些时刻都经历过这些问题。
【知识拓展】experienced
adj
有经验的
An
experienced
teacher
一个有经验的老师
【固定搭配】be
experienced
at/in...在......有经验，擅长于
Jenny
is
experienced
at
teaching
beginners.
珍妮在教初学者方面有经验。
Tom
is
experienced
in
dealing
with
difficult
customers.
汤姆在与难对付的客户打交道方面有经验。
【巧学妙用】Mr
Kroll
is
an
officer
with
experience,
who
has
many
odd
experiences.
克罗尔先生是个有经验的军官，他有着很多奇特的经历。
【例3】_____
abroad
for
a
tour
can
be
a
great
honor
for
an
ordinary
person
like
me.
Taken
B.Taking
C.Being
taken
D.
Having
been
taken
[解析]C
句意为“对一个像我这样的普通人来说，能被带出国旅游一次是一件很有荣耀的事。”
【例4】用experience的适当形式填空
The
______
mountain
climber
______
a
lot
of
adventures(冒险),
and
he
gained
much
______
from
his
own
adventurous
__________.
[答案]
experienced;
experienced;
experience,
experiences
【例5】Working
here
is
______
unforgettable
experience
because
i
gained
a
lot
of
______.
a,experience
B.an,experience
C./,experience
D./,experience
[解析]
B
第一空后面的名词experience指“经历”，是一个可数名词。an
unforgettable
experience指“一次令人难忘的经历”；第二空所填名词experience指“经验”，是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式。句意为“在那里工作是一次令人难忘的经历，因为我得到了很多的经验”。
This
means
i
could
get
up
an
hour
later
than
usual,
as
schools
in
China
begin
before
8
a.m.
这意味着我每天可以比以往晚一个小时起床，因为在中国学校上午8点之前就开始上课了。
mean
vt意味着，打算
Speaking
in
class
means
wasting
valuable
time.
上课讲话意味着浪费宝贵的时间。
【固定搭配】
Mean
doing
sth意味着做某事
Mean
to
do
sth打算做某事
Mean
sb
to
do
sth
打算让某人做某事
Be
meant
for
打算给（某人），打算（做什么用）
---what
do
you
mean
by
doing
so
你这样做是什么意思？
---sorry,
i
didn’t
mean
to
hurt
your
feeling.
对不起，我并非有意伤害你的感情。
【注意】had
meant
to
do
sth
表示“原打算做某事（而事实上没做）”。
【知识拓展】
Mean
adj
吝啬的，小气的；卑鄙的；简陋的。Be
mean
to
sb对某人刻薄
The
man
appears
generous,
but
in
fact
mean
about
money.
>>usual
adj
通常的，平常的。
Let’s
meet
again
at
the
usual
place.
咱们还在老地方见吧。
【固定搭配】
than
usual常用于比较级之后，意为“比平常”。
He
got
up
a
little
earlier
than
usual.
他比平常早起了些。
as
usual跟往常一样，平常，照常
As
usual,
he
forgot
to
make
his
bed
after
he
got
up.
跟往常一样，他起床之后忘了叠被。
【辨析】usual,
normal,
common,
average,
ordinary
强调“习惯性的，符合规章制度的”，指经常出现而不变。意为“通常的，惯常的”。
normal
正常的，常规的，通常的
common
意为“普通的，平常的”侧重指“常见的，常发生的，不足为奇的，广泛地使用或众所周知的。”
average
普通的，
一般的，它强调的是一般水准或普通水准；通常在有数字出现的情况下，表示“平均的”。
ordinary
意为“普通的，
平常的，日常的”，此时可与common换用；也含有“平淡无奇的，没有什么特别的（地方）”，此时含有贬义
My
usual
chair
had
been
moved
from
its
usual
place.
我平常用的椅子已从老地方移开了。
The
doctor
said
the
child’s
temperature
was
normal.
医生说孩子的体温正常。
This
is
a
common
Chinese
saying.
这是常见的中国谚语。
The
average
runner
can
run
2
miles
in
fifteen
minutes.
一般的跑步者15分钟能跑2英里。
An
ordinary
workday
is
eight
hours.
一般工作日通常是8小时。
Tt
was
a
very
ordinary/common
day
today.
今天是很平常的一天。
【例6】用所给词的适当形式填空
I’m
sorry,I
didn’t
mean___（hurt）you.
Loving
your
children
doesn’tmean_____(give)them
whatever
they
want.
【答案】（1）to
hurt
(2)giving
【例7】The
bad
weather
meant________the
rocket
launch(发射)for
48hours.
To
delay
B.delayed
C.delaying
D.to
have
delayed
【解析】C
句意为“恶劣的提起意味着火箭的发射就要耽搁48小时”，mean表示“意味着”，mean
doing
sth为固定用法，mean
to
do
sth计划做某事。
【例8】选词填空
Usual,
normal,
common,
average,
ordinary
He
returned
home
very
late
as
____________.
When
i
took
his
temperature,
it
was
two
degrees
above
________.
There
was
nothing
special
about
this
film---it
was
only
__________.
This
is
a(n)
_____
mistake
among
the
Chinese
English
beginners.
Yesterday
morning
he
got
up
earlier
than
______,
for
it
was
not
a(n)
__________day.
【答案】（1）usual
(2)normal
(3)average
(4)common
(5)usual,
ordinary
On
the
first
day,
all
of
the
new
students
attended
an
assembly
in
the
school
hall.
开学第一天，
所有的新生都去学校礼堂参加晨会。
Attend
vt.出席，参加
Yesterday
afternoon,
the
lecture
was
well
attended.
昨天下午听讲座的人很多。
【固定搭配】
Attend
school
上学
attend
a
meeting参加会议
attend
to
the
matter处理事情
attend
a
ceremony
参加仪式
attend
class
上课
attend
church
做礼拜
attend
a
lecture/a
movie听演讲/看电影
attend
on/upon
sb伺候某人，照顾某人
attend
to
处理，注意倾听，专心于，照料
attend
to
what
sb
says倾听某人所说的话
At
present,
i
have
a
very
important
matter
to
attend
to.
现在我有一件非常重要的事要处理。
A
nurse
attended
to
his
needs
constantly.
有一位护士经常照料他的需要。
【辨析】attend,
join,
join
in,
take
part
in
Attend
仅仅表示go
and
be
present,
是“出席”之意，以观众，听众的身份参加。
Join
表示“加入”团体，组织，使自己成为其中的一员，与别人一起做某事。
Join
in
可构成join
sb
in
sth/doing
sth结构，意为“与某人一起做某事，加入某人正在做的事”
Take
part
in
表示“参加”活动，part意为“部分，角色，作用”，因而字面的意义为“在......之中承担角色或起作用”。与join
in
常可以互换。
I
don’t
know
whether
he
will
attend
the
party.
我不知道他是否会出席这次会议。
You
can
join
us
in
the
discussion
if
you
wish
to.
如果你愿意的话可以加入我们的讨论。
巧学妙用：
I
often
attend
meetings
and
sometimes
i
take
part
in
its
discussion.
我经常出席会议，有时参加会议的讨论。
【例9】选词（组）填空
Attend,
join,
join
in,
take
part
in
One
in
five
will
have
the
chance
to
________the
game.
Our
headmaster
will
________us
in
the
discussion
this
afternoon.
People
want
to
________
sports
in
order
to
keep
healthy
and
enjoy
life.
Usually
children
are
allowed
to
________
school
when
they
are
six
years
old.
【答案】join
in,
join,
take
part
it,
attend
【例10】More
than
5,000
people________the
important
meeting.
Took
B.attended
C.took
part
in
D.joined
[解析]
B
take
part
in
常指加入某项活动；join是指加入某个团队，并成为其中一员。句意“超过5000人出席了那个重要的会议”。
He
also
told
us
that
the
best
way
to
earn
respect
was
to
devote
ourselves
to
study
and
achieve
high
grades.
他还告诉我们，
赢得尊重的最佳途径就是专心学习并取得好成绩。
>>本句是一个复合句，that从句是宾语从句，从句的主语the
best
way后面有一个动词不定式短语做后置定语，was是从句的系动词，后面动词不定式短语做表语。
>>way
n.方式
，方法。
其后可以用to
do
sth或of
doing
sth
做定语。
There
are
a
lot
of
ways
to
make
friends.
交朋友的方法有很多。
Soon
i
got
used
to
the
American
ways
of
doing
things.
不久我就习惯了美国式的做事方法。
【固定搭配】
By
the
way顺便说，附带说
by
way
of
经由
feel
one’s
way（在黑暗中）摸索，谨慎行事
Find
one’s
way
to设法到达
in
no
way绝不（置于句首，句子要倒装）
In
the
way=in
one’s
way妨碍，挡道
lead
the
way领路，引路，示范
make
one’s
way前进，前往，到.....去。
No
way别想，没门
one
the
way/on
one’s
way
to...在......的路上
Under
way在进行中
>>earn的用法
赢得
He
earned
respect
from
his
students.
他赢得了学生的尊敬
His
achievement
earned
him
respect
and
admiration.
他的成就为他赢得了尊敬和敬佩。
V
挣钱
She
doesn’t
earn
much
moneym
but
she
enjoys
the
work.
她赚不到很多钱，但是她喜欢这个工作。
He
earns
his
living
as
a
teacher.
他靠当医生谋生。
【辨析】earn,
win,
gain
Earn
指为钱或任何其他报酬而工作，含有“报酬应得的”的含义
Win
指在竞争，战争，比赛中获胜，并可能因此得到奖赏。
Gain
指获得有用的和需要的东西，常用于与金钱无关的场合
He
has
earned
a
lot
of
money
by
the
part-time
job.
He
wants
to
win
a
trip
to
Europe
in
that
competition,
but
hie
will
also
be
happy
if
he
gets
a
new
bike.
他想在那场比赛中赢得一个去欧洲的旅游奖，但是如果他能得到一辆自行车，他也会很高兴的。
He
gained
enough
experience
while
working
for
the
newspaper
office.
她为哪家报社工作期间获得了足够的经验。
>>respect
用法
不可数名词，
意为“尊敬，敬意，尊重，重视”
The
children
showed
respect
for
old
people.
儿童对老人表示敬意。
We
must
have
respect
for
the
opinion
of
others.我们必须尊重/顾虑他人的意见。
可数名词，意为“(事情的某一)点/方面”
She
is
right
in
many
respects.
她在很多方面都是对的。
respects意为“致意，问好，请安”，常用复数形式
Give
your
father
my
respects.
代我向令尊致意。
vt，
尊敬，尊重，重视
I
respect
you
for
your
honesty.
由于你为人诚实，我尊敬你。
【固定搭配】
In
respect
to/of...=with
respect
to...
关于......
Withot
respect
to...
不管，不顾.......
I
learned
nothing
with
respect
to
it.
关于这件事，我没听说。
He
did
it
without
respect
to
the
result.
他不顾后果做了那件事.
>>devote
vt
致力于，献身，devote...to...献身于，专心于，其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词
I
will
devote
all
my
life
to
the
cause
of
education,
我愿把毕生献给教育事业。
After
her
marriage,
she
couldn’t
devote
hereself
totally
to
hier
music.
她结婚之后无法全力倾注于音乐。
【固定搭配】
短语中含有to,并且to是介词的短语还有：
Pay
attention
to
注意
stick
to坚持
lead
to
导致
prefer...to...相比....更喜欢.......
Look
forward
to盼望
【知识拓展】
devotion
n.
付出（时间，精力等），奉献，献身
Devoted
adj.
热爱的，非常忠实的，全心全意的
>>achieve
vt
获得，实现，（经过努力）达到
In
order
to
achieve
success,
you
must
make
every
effort.
为了获得成功，你必须竭尽全力、
【知识拓展】
表示“达到”时，reach,
get,
achieve,
win,
gain,都可用，
关键看搭配.
Reach后接“地点或数字”；get是普通用语；achieve后接“目标，希望，成功”；win侧重于”赢得”；gain侧重于“获得（某种利益）”
【例11】用含有way的合适的短语填空、
The
table
is
_______;
please
carry
it
away.
_______must
we
leave
such
little
children
alone.
Better
weather
is
_______.
We
can
expect
an
outing.
With
the
child_______,
we
had
no
trouble
in
finding
the
house.
Don’t
be
worried.
The
repairs
are
_______,
so
it
will
be
OK
soon.
【答案】in
the
way,
In
no
way,
on
the
way,
leading
the
way,
under
way
【例12】
Better
_______
the
local
customs,
or
you
will
have
a
hard
time.
form
B.develop
C.respect
D.spread
[解析]C
“最好尊重当地的风俗，否则你的日子会很难过”
【例13】选词填空
Gain
win
earn
each
player
tried
his
heart
to
_______the
game.
She
doesn’t
_______much
money,
but
she
enjoys
the
work.
You
have
nothing
to
_______
by
refusing
to
listen
to
our
advice.
[答案]
win,
earn,
gain
This
is
about
the
average
size
for
British
schools.
英国中学的班级差不多就是这么大。
average的用法
adj
平均的
The
average
rainfall
平均降雨量
The
average
age
of
the
students
in
this
school
is
16.
adj
一般的，普通的
She
looks
like
an
average
teacher.
她看起来是一名普通的老师。
n.
平均，平均数
The
average
of
five
and
three
is
four.
Do
you
know
how
to
work
out
an
average
你知道怎样算出平均数吗？
This
year’s
rainfall
comes
close
to
the
average.
今年的降雨量均水平。
【固定搭配】
On
the
average平均而言
above(the)
average
高于平均水平
below
(the)average
低于平均水平
On
(the)
average,
i
receive
15
e-mails
every
day.
我平均每天收到15封电子邮件。
Her
grade
is
above
the
average.
她的成绩高于平均分。
The
cost
of
living
in
this
city
is
below
the
average.
这个城市的生活费用低于平均水平。
【例14】The
car
is
too
expensive
for
____________
family.
a
usual
B.an
average
C.a
normal
D.a
rich
[解析]B
too+adj+for
sb对某人来说太......，是一种否定的表达。usual常见的，average普通的，一般水准的，normal正常的，合乎标准的。句意“这辆车对于一个普通家庭来说太贵了”。
We
also
had
different
students
in
some
classes,
so
it
was
a
struggle
for
me
to
remember
all
the
faces
and
names.
上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，
所以对我来说记住所有的人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。
Struggle
n.
费劲的事，斗争，努力
Reading
is
a
struggle
for
Tom.阅读对Tom来说是件费劲的事。
The
book
is
about
their
struggle
for
liberation.
这本书是有关他们为解放而做的斗争。
【知识拓展】
Struggle
v.
奋斗，拼搏，做努力，斗争。
She
is
struggling
to
bring
up
a
family
on
a
very
low
income.她正靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地养活一家人。
【固定搭配】
Struggle
for...
为...奋斗
struggle
with/against...与......进行斗争
struggle
on勉强支持下去，竭力维持下去
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
make
a
struggle
with....同......搏斗
He
has
been
struggling
with/against
illness
for
many
years.
他与疾病搏斗了许多年。
He
has
been
struggling
for
success
in
his
business.
他一直在为生意的成功而努力奋斗着。
【例15】It
was
a
_______
for
me
to
understand
why
he
made
up
his
mind
to
give
up
so
good
a
job
and
joined
the
army.
struggle
B.decision
C.performance
D.mistake
[解析]
A.
Struggle
斗争，努力；decision决定；performance表演，表现；mistake错误。句意“对我来说要姐姐他为何打定主意放弃这么好的工作而去参军是一件困难的事”。
I
found
that
the
homework
was
not
as
heavy
as
what
i
used
to
get
in
my
old
school.
我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来学校时那么繁重。
As...as像......一样，两个as中间用形容词或副词的原级。
This
problem
is
not
as
complicated
as
we
thought
before.
这个问题不像我们之前想的那么复杂。
【固定搭配】
As
long
as...像......一样长，只要
as
well
as....像......一样好，同时，也
As
far
as远至，一直到，据......所知/就......而言
as
good
as.......像......一样好，非常
As
much/many
as
多达
There
are
as
many
as
5,000
students
in
our
school.
我们学校有多达5000名学生。
【例16】Peter’s
jacket
looked
just
the
same
as
Jack’s,
but
it
cost
_________
his.
As
much
twice
as
B.twice
as
much
as
C.
Much
as
twice
as
C.as
twice
much
as
[解析]
B
本体考查倍数的表达。同级比较时，
倍数，百分数应放在第一个as之前。Twice
as
much
as多达两倍。
However,
it
was
a
bit
challenging
for
me
at
first,
because
all
the
homework
was
in
English.
可一开始我还是觉得有些挑战性，因为所有的作业都是英语的。
A
bit的用法：
a
bit用于肯定句中修饰动词，形容词，副词和比较级时，表示“一点儿”的意思。A
little也有此种用法。
The
speaker
spoke
up
a
bit/a
little
so
as
to
make
himself
heard
more
clearly.演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使别人听得更清楚。
This
box
is
a
bit/a
little
heavier
than
the
other
one.
这个箱子比那个箱子重一点。
a
bit用于否定句中，not...a
bit相当于Not...at
all,
表示“一点都不”。
She
is
not
a
bit
tired.=
she
is
not
tired
at
all.
她一点儿都不困。
【知识拓展】
Not
a
little
相当于very
much.
She
is
not
a
little
tired.
她非常累。
a
bit
of
后接不可数名词，也可用bits
of，
也可用a
little，
但不用a
little
of.
There
is
a
bit
of
/a
little
food
left
for
lunch.
午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。
【例17】---would
you
like
something
to
eat
---No,
thanks.
I’m
___________
hungry.
A
little
B.a
bit
C.not
a
little
D.not
a
bit
[解析]
D
从no,
thanks可以推知，此处表达不饿，not
a
bit相当于not
at
all,
表示“一点也不”，not
a
little表示“非常”，所以答案为D。
My
English
improved
a
lot,
as
i
used
English
every
day
and
spent
an
hour
each
day
reading
English
books
in
the
library.我天天都在使用英语，每天还画一个小时在图书馆里阅读英文书籍，因此，我的英语有了很大的进步。
>>as
的用法小结：
as
做连词，引导原因状语从句，与since相似，表示“因为”
As/since
you’re
not
feeling
well,
you
may
stay
at
home.
因为你身体不好，你可以待在家里。
as做连词，引导时间状语从句，作“当......的时候，随着......”，相当于while，强调两个动作同时发生，或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。
Cooking
was
really
fun
as
i
learnt
how
to
buy,
prepare
and
cook
food
当我学会如何买菜，配菜合做菜的时候，我发现烹饪真是一种乐趣。
as做连词，引导方式状语从句，作“正如，（如）像”解。
When
at
Rome,
do
as
Rome
do.
入乡随俗。（方式状语从句）
as做连词，引导让步状语从句，作“虽然，尽管”解，这时从句常用倒装语序：从句的表语，状语或动词原形放在as之前。
Strange
as
it
may
seem,
it’s
true.
尽管这事看上去很奇怪，但却是真的。
Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
a
lot.虽然他是个孩子，他却知道很多。(child
前不用冠词)
as做副词。在“as...as...”和“Not
as...
as...”结构中的第一个as都是副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”，表示“和/与......（不）一样”解，第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。
Mike
is
as
tall
as
his
brother.
迈克和他的弟弟一样高。
He
doesn’t
speak
Englis
as/so
fluently
as
you.
他的英语说得不如你流利。
as做关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如，这一点”。
As
we
all
know,
oceans
cover
more
than
70%
of
the
earth.正如我们所知，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。
as做关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，常用在such...as,
the
same...as等结构中。
I’ve
never
heard
such
stories
as
he
tells.
我从未听过他讲那样的故事。
as做介词，表示“像，如同，作为”
He
dressed
as
a
policeman.
他的穿着像一名警察。
As
a
writer,
he
was
famous.
作为作家，
他是很有名的。
【辨析】spend,
cost,
take,
pay
Spend
花费，主语是人，可以指花金钱，也可以指花时间，spend的用法：1）sb+spend+金钱/时间+（in+）v.ing;
2)sb+spend+金钱/时间+on
sth;
3)
spend
money
for
sth花钱买某物。
Cost
花费，付出代价。通常以事物做主语，用法如下：1）sth
cost+(sb+)金钱，时间，劳动力或其他代价；2）（doing）sth
costs
(+sb)+时间，做某事/某物花了（某人）多少时间；
3）
在it
costs
some
money/time
to
do
sth句型中，it为形式主语。
Take
花费（时间，金钱），常用句型：1）
it
takes
/took
sb
some
time/money
to
do
sth;
2)doing
sth
takes
sb
+时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。3)
sb
take
some
time
to
do
sth某人花了多长时间做某事
Pay
pay的主语一般是人，
表示“花钱买东西”常用结构：1)
sb
pay
+sb+money
(+for
sth);
2）sb
pay
+money
+to
sb(+for
sth)
Every
spare
minute
he
gets
is
spent
on
the
car.
他把每一点空闲时间都花在汽车上。
Making
this
model
plan
cost
me
much
time.
制作这个模型飞机花了我很多时间。
It
takes
three
men
to
lift
the
box.
举起这个箱子需要三个人。
You
may
pay
me
the
money
/the
money
to
me.
你可以付给我钱。
【例18】根据汉语意思完成句子
在我到这里来的时候，我碰到了你哥哥。
________
________
________
________
here,
i
met
your
brother.
虽然这个事难，但是我们不应该放弃。
________
________
________
________，we
should
not
give
it
up.
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This
film
is
________
________
________
that
one.
这本书和我上周读的那本是一样的。
This
is
the
same
book
________
________
________
last
week.
他把握看做他们的亲生孩子。
They
have
me
________
________
________
their
own
children.
【答案】as
i
was
coming,
Difficult
as
it
is,
as
interesting
as,
as
i
read,
as
one
of
【例19】”You
can’t
judge
a
book
by
its
cover,”
________.
as
the
saying
goes
old
B.goes
as
the
old
saying
C.
as
the
old
saying
goes
D.goes
as
old
the
saying
[解析]C
as
引导方式状语从局，意思是“如...一样”。句意“正如老话说得那样，你不能以貌取人”
I
usually
went
to
the
Computer
Club
during
the
lunch
break,
so
i
could
send
e-mails
to
my
family
and
friends
back
home
for
free.
午饭休息时间我常去电脑俱乐部，这样我就可以免费给国内的家人和朋友发电子邮件了。
For
free不要钱，白给，免费
He
offered
to
do
the
work
for
free.
他主动提出免费干活。
I
wasn’t
expecting
you
to
do
it
for
free.
我没有指望你白做这件事。
【知识拓展】
free
adj,
自由的，空闲的，免费的
After
ten
years
in
prison,
he
was
a
free
man
again.他坐了十年牢，又成了自由人。
Are
you
free
this
weekend
这个周末你有时间吗？
There’s
a
special
free
gift
with
this
month’s
magazine.本月的杂志会有一个特别的免费礼物。
free
vt.
释放，使自由，免除
I
freed
the
bird
from
the
cage.
我把笼子里的鸟放了出去。
Relaxation
exercises
can
free
your
body
of
tension.
放松运动可以松缓身体的紧张。
freely
adv
自由地，不受限地
Freedom
n.
自由
【固定搭配】
Free
of
charge
免费
be
free
from免受...的束缚/影响
be
free
to
do
sth
任意/自由地做事
Set
sb
free
释放某人
feel
free
感到自由，无拘束
---May
i
use
your
phone
我借用一下你的电话，行吗？
---Feel
free.
随便用吧。
【例20】i’m
lucky
to
have
got
two
movie
tickets
_______.
Are
you
_______
to
go
with
me
freely,
free
B.for
free,
freely
C.freely,
for
free
D.for
free,
free
[解析]
D
for
free免费，不花钱；
freely自由地；free自由的。前面的lucky提示后面的电影票应该是不用花钱就得到的，后面是在询问是否有时间一起去。句意为“我很幸运，免费得到了两张电影票，你有时间和我一起去吗？”
Cooking
was
really
fun
as
i
learnt
how
to
buy,
prepare
and
cook
food.
当我学会如何买菜，配菜，和做菜的时候，我发现烹饪真是一种乐趣。
>>fun
adj
使人快乐的，逗乐的，有趣的。也可做名词，意为“乐趣，享乐的事，玩笑”。
There’s
no
fun
in
spending
the
whole
evening
playing
cards.
整个晚上打牌没有意思。
What
fun
it
will
be
when
we
all
go
on
holiday
together.
我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了。
【固定搭配】
For
fun
寻找乐趣，当作玩笑
make
fun
of
捉弄
have
fun=have
a
good
time玩得开心/高兴
Fifty
years
ago,
wealthy
people
would
rather
hunt
wild
animals
for
fun
than
go
sightseeing.
五十年前，有钱人宁愿捕杀野生动物来寻开心而不愿意外出观光。
I
felt
unhappy
whenever
i
was
made
fun
of.
无论何时被人捉弄，总让我不开心。
We
had
lots
of
fun
at
the
fair
today.我们今天在游乐场玩得很高兴。
【知识拓展】
Funny
adj
滑稽的，有趣的
>>
prepare
vt.
准备
He
is
preparing
his
speech
for
tomorrow’s
meeting.
他正在准备明天会议的演讲。
【知识拓展】
Prepre
的名词形式为preparation，意为“准备”。
【固定搭配】
Prepare
for...
为......做准备
Prepare
sb
for...使某人做好...的准备
Be
prepared
for
sth
对某事物做好准备
Make
preparation
for...为......做准备
In
preparation
for...在准备.......中
I
know
you
are
preparing
for
this
exam.我知道你正在为这次考试做准备。
Schools
should
do
more
to
prepare
children
for
the
world
of
work.学校应该为培养孩子适应职场做更多的准备。
【解析】prepare,
prepare
for,
get/be
ready
Prepare
意为“准备”，强调“准备”的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语或不定式。
Prepare
for
意为“为......做准备”，
for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示“准备”的目的，即所要应付的情况。
Get/be
ready
意为“准备好”，强调“准备”的结果。常用于get
ready
for
sth;
get
sth
ready;
be
ready
for
sth;
be
ready
to
do
sth等结构。
P12
巧学妙用
Teachers
are
busy
preparing
the
test
while
the
students
are
busy
preparing
for
the
test.老师们在忙着准备考试，而学生们正在忙着为考试做准备。
例21:
（
）
it
is
to
jump
into
a
pool
or
go
swimming
in
the
sea
when
you
visit
Hawaii!
A.
What
fun
B.What
a
fun
C.How
fun
D.How
a
fun
解析:
A
感叹句的构成:
What
+(a/an+)名词+主语+谓语！:
How
+
adj./adv./v.+主语+谓语！fun
是不可数名词，句意为
“当你去夏威夷玩的时候跳进池塘或者到大海里游泳是多么有趣的事情啊！”
故选A。
例22:（
）Mother
is
supper
and
the
rest
of
the
family
are
sitting
at
the
table
It.
A.
preparing,
prepared
B.
preparing,
prepared
for
C.preparing
for,
preparing
D.prepared
for,
preparing
for
解析:
B
表示妈妈准备晚餐，正在做饭，用be
preparing;
其他人坐在桌边，准备好吃饭，这里prepared表示的是一种状态。句意为
“妈妈正在做晚饭，其他人正坐在桌子旁，准备吃饭”。
……but
can
stop
studying
some
subjects
if
they
do
not
like
them,
for
example,
History
and
French.
但是，如果不喜欢某些科目是可以中断学习的，如历史和法语。
知识拓展:
（1）stop
vt.
停止；停下来（做别的事）。
Stop
for
a
while
and
take
a
rest.
停一会儿休息休息。
He
stopped
to
listen
to
her
singing.
他停下来听她唱歌。
stop
n.
停车站
I’ll
get
off
at
the
next
stop.
我将在下一站下车。
（辨析）1.
stop
doing,
stop
to
do,
stop……from
doing
stop
doing
意为“停止做”，doing是stop的宾语，是要停止的动作。
stop
to
do
意为“停下来去做”，to
do是stop的状语，表示目的。
stop……from
doing
意为“阻止……不做”，在主语语态中from可以省略。
The
two
girls
stopped
talking
when
they
saw
me.
那两个女孩一看到我就停止了谈话。
The
two
girls
stopped
to
talk
to
me
when
they
saw
me.那两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我谈话。
He
is
tired.
You
must
try
to
stop
him
from
working.
他累了。你必须尽量让他停止工作。
（辨析）2.
stop,
pause
stop
表示
“停止，中断”，暗示动作已结束。
pause
表示
“暂时停止”，暗示动作会再开始。
for
example
例如，举例。
A
lot
of
people
here,
for
example,
Mr
John,
would
rather
have
coffee.
这儿的许多人，例如约翰先生，宁愿喝咖啡。
His
pronunciation
and
intonation
are
very
good.
Listen
to
his
reading
on
this
tape,
for
example.
他的语音语调非常棒。听一听这盘磁带上他的朗读。
（辨析）for
example,
such
as,
like
for
example
一般只举同类人或物中的
“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，在句中位置比较灵活，可置于句首，句中，句末。
such
as
常列举同类人或物中的几个例子，不能穷尽，可和and
so
on连用。
like
表示列举，可和such
as互换。
The
farm
grows
various
kinds
of
crops,
such
as
wheat,
corn,
cotton
and
rice.
这个农场种植各种各样的庄稼，例如麦子，玉米，棉花和稻米。
There
are
several
interested
people,
like
Tom
and
Joe.
有几个人与此事有关，像汤姆和乔。
例23
(
)She
reached
the
top
of
the
hill
and
stopped
on
a
big
rock
by
the
side
of
the
path.
A.such
as
B.for
example
C.that
is
D.for
an
example
解析(B)
such
as
例如，其后不用逗号；that
is也就是说。for
example例如，也可以用take……for
example。句意为
“他懂得好几种语言，比如他懂得英语和日语”，故选B。
Though
it
did
not
look
very
beautiful
when
it
was
finished,
I
still
liked
it
very
much.
尽管完工后它看上去并不十分漂亮，但我仍然非常喜欢它。（P3）
though
conj.
尽管，虽然，用来引导让步状语从句，一般位于句首。它所引导的从句不能与but,
and,
so等连用，但可以与yet,
still等词连用。
Though
we
only
stayed
there
for
a
few
days,
we
had
a
good
time.
虽然我们只在那里待了几天，但我们玩得愉快。
知识拓展:
though
adv.
可是；然而
It
was
hard
work;
I
enjoyed
it,
though.
这是个艰苦的工作，然而我喜欢。
（辨析）though,
although,
as
though
意为
“尽管”，既有连词词性又有副词词性。作连词置于句首时，可与although互换，引起倒装句时，though可用as代替。
although
although引导让步状语从句时，不能与并列连词but等连用，但可以与副词still和yet等连用。
as
as引导让步状语从句时，常用倒装，可以与though换用
It
was
raining
hard
outside;
he
insisted
on
leaving
immediately,
though.
外面雨正下得很大，然而他坚持要马上离开。
Though/Although
it
was
very
late,
he
was
still
reluctant
to
stop
working.
尽管男孩很小，他却懂很多。
（注意）
though/as引导让步状语从句，用于倒装时，位于句首的名词前不用冠词，谓语是
“情态动词+动词原形”时情态动词不提前。
Child
though/as
he
is,
he
can
recite
more
than
300
poems.
尽管他还是个孩子，他会背300多首诗。
Try
though/as
he
might,
he
is
definite
to
fail
again.
尽管他可能尽力了，他一定还不及格。
例25
(
)Playing
on
a
frozen
sports
field
sounds
like
a
lot
of
fun.
Isn’t
it
rather
risky,

though
B.also
C.either
D.too
解析
A
“在冰场上玩耍听起来很有趣”与
“难道那不是相当危险吗”两句之间是明显的转折关系，所以选择though。
例26
----Have
you
ever
been
to
Australia
----No.
I’d
like
to,
.
解析
A.
though
虽然,
符合句意。句意为
“你曾去过澳大利亚吗 ”
“没有。不过我很想去的”
I
look
back
on
my
time
in
the
UK
with
satisfaction,
and
I
really
hope
to
go
back
and
study
in
Manchester
again.
回顾在英国的日子我很满意，真满意有朝一日重返曼彻斯特，在那里读书学习。P3
look
back
on/upon
回忆，回顾。
When
we
are
old
and
look
back
on
our
lives,
what
will
we
remember
当我们年老时回顾我们的一生，我们会记住什么呢
Looking
back
on
how
things
started,
now
she
can
see
that
she
should
have
been
at
home
more
often.
回想事情的缘由，她现在明白她本该更经常在家。
（固定搭配）
look
after
照顾，照料（某人或某事），照管
look
around/round
环顾，仔细查看
look
at
看
look
for
寻找，寻求
look
forward
to(to是介词，跟动名词或名词)盼望，期待；预期，预料
look
into调查，研究
look
like似乎是，看起来像
look
on把……看作，看待（与as连用）；旁观，观看
look
out
留神，提防，注意
look
over检查，查看；翻阅；审阅，把……看一遍
look
through翻阅，浏览
look
up查阅，查寻
例27
(
)Karen
felt
sad
when
she
her
time
at
school,
as
she
missed
so
many
of
her
friends
and
classmates.
A.
looked
around
at
B.looked
up
at
C.looked
forward
to
D.looked
back
on
解析
D
look
around环顾，仔细查看；
look
up查阅；look
forward
to期待；look
back
on
回顾。句意为
“当Karen回想在学校的时光时，她感到伤感，因为她很想念很多朋友和同学”。
First
of
all,
let
me
introduce
myself.首先，让我做一下自我介绍。
First
of
all
为副词短语，意为
“首先”。
First
of
all,
let
me
tell
you
the
news.
首先，让我告诉你这个消息。
First
of
all,
she
just
smiled,
then
she
started
to
laugh.
最初，她只是微笑，后来才开始大笑。
（辨析）first
of
all,
after
all,
above
all,
in
all,
at
all
first
of
all
意为
“首先”，强调次序。
after
all
意为
“毕竟，终究，到底”，表示让步。位于句首，表示
“毕竟，别忘了”，含有提醒某人之意；位于句末，含有与意料的相反之意。
above
all
意为
“最重要的是，尤其是”，强调要引起特别注意。
in
all
意为
“总共，总计”
at
all
意为
“根本，究竟”，常用于疑问句，条件句及否定句中表示强调。
He
is
certain
to
come.
After
all,
he’s
already
accepted
the
invitation.
他肯定来。他毕竟已接受了邀请。
We
must
work,
and
above
all
we
must
believe
in
ourselves.
我们必须工作，尤其重要的是我们必须相信自己。
There
are
thirty
people
in
all
in
the
party
who
will
travel
to
Lanzhou.
赴兰州的旅游团总共有30人。
I
didn’t
enjoy
it
at
all.
我一点儿也不喜欢它。
例28
（
）I
should
like
to
rent
a
house,
modern,
comfortable
and
in
a
quiet
neighborhood.
A.
all
in
all
B.above
all
C.after
all
D.over
all
解析
B
all
in
all总而言之；above
all首先，尤其重要的是；after
all
毕竟；over
all总的，遍及。结合句意可知，只有B符合句意。
句意为
“我想租一所现代化的，舒适的房子，最重要的是周围要比较安静”。
根据汉语意思完成句子
我们班学生的平均年龄是19岁左右。
The
age
of
the
students
in
our
class
is
about
19.
他把所有的业余时间都用来弹钢琴。
He
all
his
free
time
to
the
piano.
在自己身上花钱对他而言意义并不大。
money
on
himself
very
little
to
him.
当我们年老时回顾我们的生活时，我们会记住什么呢
When
we
are
old
and
our
lives,
what
will
we
remember
老师正在准备复习用的练习，学生们正在为期末考试准备。
The
teacher
is
the
reviewing
exercises,
and
the
students
are
the
final
examination.
单词填空
（
）
how
others
react
to
the
book
you
have
just
read
creates
an
added
pleasure.
A.
Hearing
B.Hear
C.Having
heard
D.To
be
hearing
7.
（
）Going
to
a
British
high
school
can
be
quite
unforgettable
experience
for
a
student
without
experience
abroad.
A.
a;
an
B.an,
/
C./,
an
D./,
the
8.
（
）Mr.
Tan
enjoys
writing
in
his
spare
time.
His
works
have
him
many
good
friends.
A.
caught
B.discovered
C.introduced
D.earned
9.（
）He
made
up
his
mind
to
devote
all
he
could
to
the
poor.
A.
help
B.helping
C.helped
D.helps
10.（
）The
air
quality
in
the
city,
is
shown
in
the
report,
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.
A.that
B.it
C.as
D.what
11.（
）This
shop
will
offer
the
buyers
a
bag
if
they
buy
things
in
it.
A.freely
B.freedom
C.for
free
D.of
free
12.（
）
it
is
to
take
a
rest
after
a
long
run!
A.What
a
fun
B.How
fun
C.What
fun
D.How
a
fun
13.
（
）People
often
have
a
strange
feeling
when
the
past
life
thinking
of
those
they
leave
behind.
A.looking
forward
to
B.looking
out
for
C.looking
up
to
D.looking
back
on
14.
（
）Last
year
the
number
of
students
who
graduated
with
a
driving
license
reached
200,000,
a(n)
of
40,000
per
year.
A.average
B.number
C.amount
D.quantity
（
）-----Would
you
like
to
the
discussion
this
Saturday
-----Sorry,
I
have
an
important
meeting
to
.
A.attend,
join
B.join,
attend
C.join,
take
part
in
D.join
in,
attend
（
）You’re
driving
too
fast.
Can
you
drive

A.more
slowly
a
bit
B.slowly
a
bit
more
C.a
bit
more
slowly
D.slowly
more
a
bit
（
）Father
is
a
meal.
We
may
wash
our
hands
and
the
meal.
A.preparing,
prepare
B.preparing,
prepare
for
C.preparing
for,
prepare
D.preparing
for,
preparing
for
（
）After
he
was
knocked
down
by
a
bike,
he
was
badly
hurt
and
had
to
to
his
feet.
A.stand
B.struggle
C.run
D.sit
（
）Our
neighbor
has
ours.
A.as
a
big
as
house
as
B.as
big
a
house
as
C.the
same
big
house
as
D.a
house
the
same
big
as
（
）He
knows
several
languages,
English,
French
and
Japanese.
A.such
as
B.for
example
C.namely
D.that
is
P16-19
【固定搭配】
think
about
考虑（about
为介词）
think
over
仔细考虑（over为副词）
think
of
...
as
...
把……看作……
think
highly/much
of
看重
think
little/lightly
of
轻视
I
am
thinking
about
the
friends
I
have
lost.
我正在回想那些失去了的朋友。
I
will
think
the
thing
over.
我要把这事仔细考虑一下。
Our
headmaster
spoke
highly
of
my
classmates
at
the
meeting.
我们的校长在会上高度赞扬了我班的同学。
【例1】There
are
so
many
things
to
________
before
we
decide.
A.think
up
B.think
of
C.look
up
D.look
for
[解析]
B
从常理可知，在“做决定”前要“考虑”很多事。think
up想出，设计出，发明出；think
of思考，考虑；look
up查阅（资料）；look
for寻找。句意为“在我们决定前有许多事情要考虑”。
CMHS
has
much
more
than
you
expect.
CMHS比你期待的更好。（P7）
more
than
主要有以下用法：
(1)“more
than
+
(that)从句”意为“超过”，相当于over，但还可意为“简直不，远非，难以，完全不能”，其后通常与情态动词can连用。
That
is
more
than
I
can
understand.
那远非我所能懂的。
The
beauty
of
Hangzhou
is
more
than
we
can
describe.
杭州之美是我们无法描述的。
(
2)“more
than十名同”表示“不仅仅……”。
He
is
more
than
a
teacher;
he
is
also
a
writer
to
offer
articles
to
many
newspapers.
他不仅仅是一位老师,他还是一位作家,为许多报纸写文章。
(
3)“more
than十形容词”表示“很……；非常……”。
I
am
more
than
happy
to
take
you
there
in
my
car.
我非常乐意用我的车带你去那里。
(4)“more
than十数词”表示“超过……，不止……”。
I
have
known
David
for
more
than20
years.
我认识戴维超过20年了
。
“more
than
one十单数名词”作主语，调语动词要用单数第三人称形式。
More
than
one
person
is
against
the
advice.
不止一个人反对这个建议。
(6)more...
than...
与其说……倒不如说……。
He
is
more
lucky
than
clever.
与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。
It
is
more
a
poem
than
a
picture与其说是一幅画,不如说是一首诗。
【辨析】no
more
than,
not
more
than
“no
more
than+数词”的含义与only相似，意为“仅仅，才”，用于表示说话者言其“少”的语气。
There
are
no
more
than
15
students
in
the
classroom.
教室里仅仅有15个学生。
“not
more
than+数词”的含义与at
most相似，意为“不超过，至多”，客观地表示“不多于，不超过”，在此看不出说话者对数量多少的主观态度。
There
are
not
more
than15
students
in
the
classroom.
教室里有不超过15个学生。
(3)“not
more十adj.十than”与“no
more十adj.十than”均为固定结构。“A十
be十
not
more十adj.十
than十
B”意为“A不如B”。
“A十be十no
more十adj.十
than十
B”意为“A和
B一样不……”，表示两个人或物都含有与所用形容词相反的意义。
Jack
is
not
more
diligent
than
his
brother.
杰克没有他的弟弟用功。
Jack
is
no
more
diligent
than
his
brother,杰克和他弟弟一样不用功。
expect
vt.
期待,盼望,指望,希望;预料,料想,认为。其用法如下:
(1
)用于比较状语从句中
。
You
arrived
earlier
than
I
had
expected.
你们到得比我预料的早。
(2)后接名词或代词。
He
is
expecting
a
letter.
他正在等一封信。
We
haven't
expected
it.
我们没有料到此事。
That's
what
we
expected.
那正是我们所预料的。
(3)后接不定式。
I
expect
to
be
back
on
Sunday.我希望星期天回来。
How
can
you
expect
to
make
progress
if
you
don't
work
hard
你不下苦功,怎么能有进步呢
后接带to的不定式或副词的复合结构。
We
expect
every
man
to
do
his
duty.
我们希望人人尽责。
We
can’t
expect
one
to
change
the
habits
of
a
lifetime
in
a
short
time.
我们不能期待一个人短时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。
I
didn’t
expect
you
back
so
soon.
我没有想到你回来得这么快。
后接从句。
I
expect
(that)
he
went
to
town
yesterday.
我以为他昨天进城去了。
用于交际用语中。
---Will
he
be
back
tonight
他今晚会回来吗？
---I
expect
so.
/I
expect
not.
我想会的。/
我想不会。
【例2】In
my
opinion,
work
provides
us
much________just
salary
and
income;
it
also
helps
us
realize
our
dreams
and
makes
us
feel
confident.
A.rather
than
B.other
than
C.better
than
D.more
than
[解析]
D
由后面的also可知，两句是并列关系。rather
than而不是，other
than=(except)除了，better
than比……好，都是含有取舍关系的。more
than不仅仅，答案为D。句意为“在我看来，工作提供给我们的不仅仅是薪水和收入，它还帮我们实现梦想，让我们感到自信”。
【例3】The
ministry
didn’t
expect____________
quite
such
a
negative
reaction
from
farmers.
A.there
being
B.it
C.to
be
D.there
to
be
[解析]
D
句意为“部长没有料到农民们当中有这么消极的反应”。expect期待，期盼，此处动词不定式的复合结构在句中作expect的宾语。
We
make
sure
that
we
take
good
care
of
every
student.我们保证我们会照顾好每一个学生。(P7)
make
sure
务必，确保，弄清，查明，其后常接that引导的宾语从句。make
sure
of
about
sth确定某事。
Make
sure
that
you
put
down
every
word
she
says.
确保你记下她说的每一个字。
I
just
want
to
make
sure
that
everything
is
OK.
我只想确认一切都好。
I
tried
to
make
sure
of
the
problem.
我尽量把这个问题弄明白。
【固定搭配】
“be
sure
of
...
/about
...
/that从句”对……有把握
be
sure
to
do
sth
肯定会做某事
for
sure
肯定地
I’m
sure
that
no
one
will
love
me
more
than
he
does.
我确定没有人会比他更爱我了。
I’m
sure
to
pass
the
final
exam,
though
I
was
ill
for
a
long
time.
尽管我病了很长时间，我肯定能通过期末考试。
【辨析】make
sure,
be
sure
make
sure
是主观地想要证实某事，意为“确定”，强调过程。
be
sure
是一种潜意识，意为“确定”，是已经确定了。
【例4】A
number
of
tests
have
been
conducted
to
_________
that
these
drugs
have
no
side
effects.
A.find
out
B.look
for
C.make
sure
D.work
out
[解析]
C
find
out发现，look
for
寻找，make
sure确保，work
out解决。句意为“做很多测试的目的是确保这些药没有副作用”
。
阶梯优化训练
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子。
一定不要再做那种事了。（知识点3）
Be
sure
__________
_________
do
that
again.
我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步。（知识点3）
We
__________
_________
he
will
make
great
progress
this
term.
你认为那本书怎么样？（知识点1）
What
do
you
___________
__________
that
book
那非我所能懂的。（知识点2）
That
is
___________
__________
I
can
understand.
我口袋里的钱最多不过5元。（知识点2）
I
have
__________
________
________
five
yuan
in
my
pocket.
Ⅱ单项填空。
---What
do
you
_______
the
TV
series
---It
is
_____.
I’ve
never
seen
such
a
better
one
before.（知识点1）
A.think
of,
think
highly
of
B.think
of,
highly
thought
of
C.think
about,
thought
well
D.think
about,
highly
thought
of
---If
you
go
to
the
post
office,
would
you
please
get
me
stamp
---I
am
_________
willing
to.
（知识点2）
A.no
more
than
B.not
more
than
C.more
than
D.less
than
A
flag
is
________
a
piece
of
cloth.
It
stands
for
a
nation’s
people,
their
land
and
their
history.（知识点2）
A.not
more
than
B.not
less
than
C.more
than
D.no
more
than
We
can’t
_________
one
to
change
the
habits
of
a
lifetime
in
a
short
time.（知识点2）
A.hope
B.wait
C.expect
D.imagine
---The
lecture
will
begin
at
4
o’clock
in
the
afternoon,
right
---Yeah,
_______
you
get
there
on
time.（知识点3）
A.make
sure
B.be
sure
C.for
sure
D.it
is
sure
Part
Ⅲ
Grammar
and
usage
知识要点解读
Upon
finishing
his
studies,
he
started
travelling
in
China.一结束学业，他就开始了中国之旅。（P9）
upon
prep.
在……时，一……就……，在……上面，一般与on同义，但是upon更书面化。upon/on
doing
sth一做某事就……，相当于as
soon
as。upon/on
还可以接名词表示同样的意思。
Upon
meeting
him,
please
tell
him
about
it.
一见到他，就请告诉他这件事。
Upon/On
arriving/reaching/getting
home,
she
rushed
to
the
kitchen.
一到家她就直奔厨房。
On
our
arrival
at
the
village(=On
arriving
at
the
village),
we
were
warmly
welcomed
by
the
villagers.
我们一到那个村子，就受到了村民们的热情欢迎。
【知识拓展】
once
upon
a
time从前，常用于故事开头。
“一……就……”的常见表达：
①as
soon
as引导的从句
I’ll
write
to
tell
you
as
soon
as
I
know
about
it.
我一了解情况，就会写信告诉你。
②the
moment/the
minute/the
second/the
time/the
instant+从句。
I
sent
you
the
news
the
instant
that
I
heard
it.
我一得到消息就通知了你。
The
moment
I
saw
him,
I
knew
that
he
was
angry
with
me.
我一见到他，就知道他在生我的气。
③immediately/directly可以用作连词，后接从句。
I
came
immediately
I
heard
the
news.
我一听到这个消息，马上就来了。
I
came
directly
I
got
your
message.
我一接到你的信就赶来了。
④once用作连词后接从句
Once
he
arrives
we
can
start.
他一到我们就可以动身。
⑤介词at及其短语at
the
sight
of,
at
the
thought
of
表示“一……就……”
At
the
sight
of
the
police
officer
the
thief
ran
off.
一看到警察，小偷就逃掉了。
⑥几个常见的句式结构：hardly
had
...
when
...;
scarely
had
...
when
...
;
barely
had
...
when
...;
no
sooner
had
...
than
...。
The
game
had
hardly/scarcely/barely
begun
when
it
started
raining.
比赛刚一开始就下起雨来了。
The
game
had
no
sooner
begun
than
it
started
raining.
比赛刚一开始就下起雨来了。
【例1】They
began
to
organize
a
meeting
to
discuss
the
new
plan______
to
Beijing.
A.to
return
B.upon
returning
C.returned
D.return
[解析]
B
句意为“他们一回到北京，就开始组织会议讨论新计划”。upon
doing
sth
表示“一做某事就……”。
In
China
he
developed
an
interest
in
teaching
English
to
Chinese
students.
在中国，他产生了教中国学生英语的兴趣。（P9）
develop
vt.&vi.
培养，养成，使发展，使成长，开发；生长，成长，进化，发展。
Try
to
develop
good
reading
habits.
尽力养成良好的阅读习惯。
Swimming
develops
the
muscles.
游泳使肌肉发达。
The
builders
are
developing
that
part
of
the
city.
建筑者正在开发该城市的那个部分。
【知识拓展】
developing
adj.
发展中的，developed
adj.
发达的，高速发展的，development
n.
发展。
【固定搭配】
developing
countries
发展中国家
developed
countries
发达国家
with
the
development
of
...
随着……的发展
develop
the
habit
of
doing
sth养成做某事的习惯
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology,
the
developing
countries
are
catching
up
with
the
developed
countries.
随着科技的发展，发展中国家正在追赶发达国家。
【例2】As
the
story
_________,
the
truth
about
the
strange
figure
is
slowly
discovered.
A.begins
B.happens
C.ends
D.develops
[解析]
D
本题考查动词辨析。begin
意为“开始”；happen意为“发生”；end意为“结束”；develop意为“发展，展开”。句意为“随着故事的展开，那位奇特人物的真实情况被慢慢地揭开了”。根据句意选择D项。
He
donated
most
of
them
to
our
school
library.
他把它们中的大多数都捐给了我们学校的图书馆。
（P9）
donate
vt.
捐赠，赠送。donate
sth
(to
sb/sth)
捐赠/赠送某物（给某人/某组织）。
donate
large
sums
to
relief
organizations
向救济组织捐赠巨款
【知识拓展】
donation
n.
[C]捐赠物；[U]捐赠，赠送。
【注意】donate
虽然是及物动词，但不能接双宾语，常与介词to搭配，有类似用法的单词还有introduce,explain等。
【例3】If
most
breadwinners_________
a
day’s
pay
to
the
Hope
Project,
then
it
will
be
hopeful.
A.gift
B.present
C.donate
D.give
[解析]
C
句意为“如果大多数挣钱养家的人都为希望”【后面少内容】
4.
…,students
who
do
not
make
good
use
of
their
time
may
not
pass
their
exams.
…
…,那些不充分利用他们时间的学生可能考试不过关。（p11）
make
use
of
利用，相当于take
advantage
of
we
should
make
use
of
every
minute
to
make
up
for
the
missing
lessons.
我们应该利用每一分钟来弥补错过的课。
“make
+
名词”表示“做出某种举动”。如：make
an
answer
答复；make
measurement
度量；make
efforts
to
fulfill
the
plan
努力完成计划；make
contributions
to
the
revolution
对革命做出贡献；make
a
correction
校正，更正。
【固定搭配】
make
B
from
A
由A制成B
make…
into…
把…制成…
make
B
of
A
由A
做成B
make
B
out
of
A
由
A
制成B
make
up
…
编造，构成
make
up
for
弥补
make
up
B
of
A
由
A
构成B
(常用被动)
make
up
one’s
mind
to
do
sth
下决心做某事
Bricks
are
made
from
clay.
砖由黏土制成。
Petroleum
can
be
made
into
many
useful
chemicals.
石油能被制成许多有用的化学制品。
We
will
make
a
scientist
of
him.
我们要把他培养成一个科学家。
Cloth
is
made
of
cotton.
布由棉花制成。
These
things
are
made
out
are
made
out
of
paper.
这些东西由纸制成。
They
have
made
up
a
list.
他们已列了一个表。
They
have
made
up
for
the
loss.
他们已弥补了损失。
All
matter
is
made
up
of
atoms.
一切物质由原子构成。
She
has
made
up
her
mind
to
find
the
answer
to
this
question.
她已经下决心要找到这个问题的答案。
辨析：be
made
of，be
made
from，be
made
in，be
made
up
of
be
made
of：用…原料制成，从制成品中能看出原材料。
be
made
from：由…原料制成，从制成品中看不出原材料。
be
made
in：在……制造。
be
made
up
of：由…组成，由…构成。
例4
In
order
to
go
to
a
famous
university,
you
must
_________
each
of
the
three
years
in
Senior
High
School.
make
most
of
B.
make
best
of
C.make
good
use
of
D.
make
good
use
for
解析
C表示“好好利用，充分利用”用短语make
good
use
of/make
the
most
of/make
the
best
of，
句意为“为了能进名牌大学，你必须充分利用三年的高中时间。”
5.
Some
courses
are
required,
but
the
students
can
still
decide
the
teacher
whose
class
they
wish
to
take.
有些课程是被要求的，但是学生仍然可以决定他们想上的课程的老师。
require
需求，要求
The
floor
requires
washing.
地板该清洗了。
Bringing
up
children
often
requires
you
to
put
their
needs
first.
抚养孩子常常需要你把他们的需要放在首位。
All
passengers
are
required
to
show
their
tickets.
所有乘客都必须出示车票。
知识拓展：
require
的常用结构：
require
doing
sth
require
sb
to
do
sth
require
sth
of
sb
require
that
sb
should
do
it
is
required
that
sb
should
do
It
is
required
that
everybody
(should)
get
to
school
at
7:00,
要求每个人7点到校。
注意：在表示“某事/某物需要被做”时，常用require后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式。require
doing
相当于require
to
be
done。
The
floor
requires
washing.
=The
floor
requires
to
be
washed.
地板该清洗了。
例5
The
law
requires
that
everyone
________
his
car
checked
at
least
once
a
year.
has
B.
would
have
C.
have
D.
will
have
解析：C
require
后面接从句时，从句谓语要用“should
+
do”结构，句意为“法律要求所三，
阶梯优化训练
猜测develop在下列句子中的含义
She
has
developed
the
good
habit
of
making
notes
while
reading.
__________
The
small
river
town
has
developed
into
a
big
city._________
We
must
develop
that
part
of
our
town._________
Julie
developed
a
friendship
with
Jack.
_________
We
hopes
all
the
children
will
develop
into
a
good
citizens,_________
Ⅱ.
单项填空
_________
arriving
home,
he
saw
the
letter
behind
the
door
on
the
floor.
Over
B.
In
C.
Upon
D.
At
One
of
the
best
ways
for
people
to
keep
fit
is
to
________
healthy
eating
habits.
grow
B.
develop
C.
increase
D.
raise
The
chance
should
be
made
_________,
since
you
have
got
it.
up
of
B.
the
most
of
C.
best
of
D.
a
good
use
of
My
computer
doesn’t
well
and
it
requires
_________,
but
my
boss
requires
me
________
to
use
it.
changing,
continue
B.
to
be
changed,
of
continuing
C.changing
,
should
continue
D.
to
be
changed,
to
continue
The
school
to
which
David
_________
his
paintings
is
beautiful.
donated
B.
developed
C.
achieved
D.
selected
Ⅲ.
阅读理解
On
a
small
farm
in
Mexico,
there
are
no
schools.
A
bus
is
the
school!
The
driver
of
the
bus
is
the
teacher!
It
is
a
school
bus,
but
it
doesn’t
take
children
to
school.
It
just
goes
round
from
place
to
place,
and
sometimes
it
comes
to
this
farm.
The
bus
will
stay
here
for
three
months.
The
farmers
call
it
a
school
on
wheels.
Every
time
the
bus
comes,
the
farmers
come
running
to
it,
shouting
and
laughing.
They
warmly
welcome
the
school
bus!
When
the
bus
is
on
the
farm,
in
the
morning,
the
teacher
teaches
the
small
children.
In
the
afternoon,
the
bigger
children
come
to
have
their
lessons
because
they
must
work
in
the
morning.
At
night,
the
fathers
and
mothers
come
to
school.
They
want
to
learn,
too.
How
the
farmers
hope
that
some
day
they
can
have
a
real
school
on
their
farm!
The
driver
of
the
bus
is
_________
the
teacher
B.
the
student
C.
the
farmer
D.
the
school
The
bus
school
will
_________
take
children
to
school
B.
stay
there
for
lunch
C.go
round
from
place
to
place
D.
take
the
fathers
and
mothers
to
school
13.
When
the
school
bus
comes,
the
farmers
_________
A.
stop
working
B.
warmly
welcome
it
C.
be
happy
D.
both
B
and
C
14.
which
one
of
the
following
is
true
A.
A
school
bus
is
a
real
school
for
farmers’
children.
B.
The
bus
school
has
no
teacher
at
all
C.
The
bus
school
has
no
students.
D.
The
children
and
their
parents
on
the
farm
all
come
to
the
bus
school
to
learn.
Part
Ⅳ
Task
知识点要点解读
We
often
make
decisions
by
comparing
in
formation.
我们经常通过比较信息来做出决定。
Compare
比较，对比。
固定搭配
Compare…
to
…
把。。。比作。。。
Compare…
with/to…
把。。。与。。。进行比较
Compare
with/to…
和。。。比较
Someone
has
compared
the
death
to
the
long
sleep.
有人把死亡比作长眠。
Her
parents
like
to
compare
he
with
her
twin
sister.
她父母喜欢把她与她的孪生妹妹做比较。
Compared
with/to
her
classmates,
she
is
tall.
和她的同学比起来，她算高的了。
注意
compared
with/to…
结构常用作状语。有类似用法的短语还有judging
by/
from…
表示根据……来判断。
例1
根据汉语意思完成句子
和他相比，我只是一个初学者。
________
________him,
I’m
just
a
beginner.
我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。
My
handwriting
can
not
_______
________
________
my
father’s.
在许多诗里面，我们会看到诗人把睡眠比作死亡。
In
many
poems，we
can
see
that
poets
________
sleep
________
death.
答案(1)
compared
with/to
(2)
be
compared
with
(3)
compare,
to
例2
Recently
a
survey
_________
prices
of
the
same
goods
in
two
different
supermarkets
has
caused
heated
debate
among
citizens.
Compared
B.
comparing
C.
compares
D.
being
compared
解析
B
compare
常作及物动词，compare
与survey
为主动关系，compare
prices比较价格。
句意为“最近比较两家不同超市相同商品价格的调查已经引起市民激烈的讨论。”
The
more
choices
you
have,
the
better
your
decisions
will
be.
你的选择越多，
你的决定就越好。
“the
+
比较级或含比较级的词组，the
+
另一个比较级或含比较级的词组”表示越。。。，就越。。。”。本句相当于if
you
have
more
choices,
you
will
make
better
decisions.(主将从现)
The
more
she
thought
about
it,
the
more
depressed
she
became.
这件事她越想就越感到沮丧。
注意：（1）the
more…,
the
more…
常表示“越。。。就越。。”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。The
用在形容词或副词的比较级前，more
代表形容词或副词的比较级。
The
busier
he
is,
the
happier
he
feels.
他越忙越高兴。
（2）
在the
more…,
the
more…
复合句中，主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
The
higher
the
ground
is,
the
thinner
the
air
becomes.
离地面越高，空气变得越稀薄。
若主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
The
harder
you
work,
the
greater
progress
you
will
make.
你越用功，进步就越大。
若比较级作表语且不位于句首时，可以不用the。
When
we
are
more
in
danger,
we
should
be
braver.
越是处于危险，我们越应该勇敢。
在此结构中，主句在程度上随着从句的变化而变化，常把强调部分提前。
The
faster
you
run,
the
better
it
will
be
此结构的特点是前后都可以有所省略，特别是谚语，俗语，只要意义明确，越简练越好。
The
more，the
better.
多多益善。
The
sooner,
the
better.
越快越好。
该结构中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语。
The
more
English
you
practice,
the
better
your
English
is.
你越多练习英语，你的英语就越好。
当表示“越。。。越不。。。“时，常用the
more。。。，the
less。。。结构。
The
more
she
flatters
me
,
the
less
I
like
her.
她越逢迎我，我越不喜欢她。
当表示“越不。。。就越。。。”时，常用the
less。。。，the
more…
结构。
The
less
he
worried，
the
better
he
worked.
他越不烦恼，工作就做得越好。
例3
Please
read
every
sentence
carefully.
________
you
are,
_________
mistakes
you’ll
make.
-Thank
you
for
your
advice.
A.
the
more
carefully,
the
fewer
B.
the
more
careful,
the
less
C.
the
more
carefully,
the
less
D.
the
more
careful,
the
fewer
解析：D
使用了“the
+
比较级+
主谓，the
+
比较级+主谓”,由are可知，应用careful
作表语，故排除A，C两项，修饰mistakes用fewer，前两句句意为“请仔细读每个句子。你越仔细，你犯的错就越少”。
However,
somehow
I
can’t
remember
the
title.然而，不知怎么的，我想不起书名了。
Somehow
副词，由于某种未知的原因，不知怎么地，以某种方式，用某种方法，从某种角度。
Somehow
he
was
afraid
of
her.
不知怎么地，他怕她。
Somehow，I
don’t
feel
I
can
trust
him.
不知什么缘故，我觉得不能信任他。
知识拓展
Anyhow
随随便便的，杂乱无章的，以任何方式。
The
books
were
lying
on
the
shelves,
just
anyhow.
书都乱放在架子上。
He
made
notes
anyhow
across
the
page.
他在那页上胡乱做了些笔迹。
辨析
somehow，
anyhow
，
somewhat
Somehow：意为“以某种方式，由于某种未知的原因”
Anyhow：意为“无乱如何，以何种方式”，相当于anyway，at
any
rate。
Somewhat：意为“从某种意义上讲，有几分”，相当于in
a
way,
rather.
We
must
stop
him
from
seeing
her
somehow.
不管怎样，我们都不能让他见她。
It
may
rain,
but
I
shall
go
out
somehow.
天也许会下雨，但不管怎样我也要出去。
I
am
somewhat
tired
of
this
book.
我对这本书有点儿厌烦。
例4
根据句意用合适的单词填空
（1）________
I
don’t
like
this
novel
though
it
is
so
popular.
（2）He
looked
________excited.
（3）It
may
snow,
but
_______
I
will
go
to
town.
答案：（1）somehow
（2）
somewhat
（3）anyhow
We
regret
to
inform
you
that
our
library
will
be
closed
next
Wednesday,…我们遗憾地通知你我们的图书馆将于下周三关闭，。。。
regret
动词.
因。。。而遗憾，懊悔，为。。。而抱歉
I
regret
that
you
see
it
like
that.
你那样看待这件事情，我很遗憾。
I
believe
you
will
regret
leaving
Paris.
我相信你会为离开巴黎而懊悔的。
知识拓展
regret
不及物动词，感到后悔，感到抱歉，遗憾。
Those
who
didn’t
buy
insurance
are
now
regretting.
那些没有买保险的人现在后悔了。
regret
名词，
后悔，悔恨。
To
one’s
regret
令某人遗憾的是；feel
regret
for…
对。。。感到后悔。
I
lost
touch
with
him,
to
my
regret.让我遗憾的是，我跟他失去了联系。
辨析：regret
to
do
sth,
regret
doing
sth
regret
to
do
sth
对要做的事遗憾（未做）。
regret
doing
sth
对做过的事感到遗憾，后悔（已经做了）。
I
don’t
regret
telling
her
what
I
thought.
我不后悔告诉她我的想法。
注意：regret
doing
sth
意为“为做了某事而感到遗憾或后悔”，即doing
sth这一动作发生在regret
这个动作之前，有时动词ing形式用完成式。
I
regretted
having
left
the
work
unfinished.
我为没有完成这份工作而感到有些遗憾。
Inform
通知，告知。
He
informed
them
of
his
arrival.
他通知他们他到了。
The
secretary
informed
the
manager
that
the
meeting
had
been
put
off.
秘书通知经理会议已经迟到了。
Keep
me
informed
（of/about
what
happens）.有事随时通知我
知识拓展：informed
形容词，见多识广的，information名词，消息，通知。
固定搭配：
inform
sb
of
sth
通知某人某事
inform
sb
that…
告知某人…
inform
sb
+
疑问词+不定式”通知某人
be
informed
that…
告知/告知某人
注意
inform
后不能接双宾语，必须接inform
sb
of
sth
类似的结构有rob/cheat/warn
sb
of
sth
例5
用所给词的适当形式填空
（1）i
don’t
regret
________(tell)
her
about
that.
（2）i
regret
________(say)
that
we
have
no
news
for
you.
答案：（1）telling
（2）
to
say
例6
-Robert
is
indeed
a
wise
man.
-oh,
yes.
How
often
I
have
regretted
_________
his
advice!
A.
to
take
B.
taking
C.
not
to
take
D.
not
taking
解析
D
regret
not
doing
sth
后悔没有做某事，句意为“罗伯特真是一个聪明人。”哦。是啊。我多少次后悔当出没有听从他的建议啊！
例7
Mary
seems
to
have
________
the
classmates
of
the
competition,
but
nobody
wanted
to
attend
it.
dropped
B.
respected
C.
informed
D.
pleased
解析C
inform
sb
of
sth
通知某人某事。句意为mary
似乎已经通知了同学们竞赛的事，但是没有人想参加。
阶梯优化训练：
Ⅰ.
用所给词的适当形式填空
I
don’t
regret
________(tell)
him
what
I
have
done.
I
regret
_________(
have
to
)
do
this
,
but
I
have
no
choice.
If
anything
happens,
please
keep
me
_________(inform)
________(compare)
to
his
sister,
the
lady
earned
much
more
money
by
selling
women’s
clothes.
It
is
great
because
it
is
run
by
the
students
for
the
school.
这个俱乐部的非常之处在于它是由学生们自己替学校管理的。
run作动词，用法如下:
管理，经营
Some
students
will
run
a
factory.
有些学生要办一家工厂。
Who
is
running
this
restaurant
谁在经营这家餐馆。
开动（机器等）；驾驶
I
cannot
run
a
forklift
truck.
我不会开叉车。
使……跑
They
ran
the
horses
around
the
track.
他们策马绕着跑道跑。
在……上跑来跑去，跑过
固定搭配
run
away
(from
sb/sth)离开/逃跑（某人/某物）
run
up
against
遇到（困难，问题等）
run
out
of
用完，耗尽
He
ran
away
from
home
at
the
age
of
thirteen.
他十三岁那年就离家出走了。
Petrol
is
running
out/We
are
running
out
of
petrol.
汽油快用光了/我们的汽油快用光了。
I
thought
we
would
be
successful,
but
we
ran
up
against
a
lack
of
money.　
我本以为我们会成功，但因资金短缺而受阻。
例１.
(
)Food
supplies
in
the
flood-stricken
area
.
We
must
act
immediately
before
there’s
none
left.
A.
have
run
out
B.are
running
out
C.have
been
run
out
D.are
being
run
out
He
approved
the
idea,
and
two
years
later
I
am
in
charge
of
the
radio
club
as
the
oldest
student
member.
校长同意了，两年后，我作为元老负责校广播俱乐部的工作。
approve
vt.&vi.
批准，通过，赞成。作不及物动词时常与of连用。
The
committee
unanimously
approved
the
plan.
委员会一致通过了该计划。
The
teacher
looked
at
John’s
work
and
approved.
老人看了约翰的工作并表示赞许。
I’m
afraid
your
parents
won’t
approve
of
your
going
there.
恐怕你父母不会赞同你到那儿去。
知识拓展:
approval
n.
赞同，赞许，批准
We
went
to
the
party
with
our
parents’
approval.
我们在征得父母的同意后去参加聚会了。
固定搭配
approve
of
one’s
doing
sth
赞成/准许某人做某事
on
approval
包退包换
She
doesn’t
approve
of
my
leaving
school
this
year.
她不同意我今年离校。
（辨析）approve
，
approve
of
approve
批准，比较正式。
approve
of
赞成，赞许，常用于一般文体。
Every
morning
we
tell
our
schoolmates
about
the
weather,
recent
news,
and
some
special
messages
that
the
teachers
want
us
to
broadcast.
每天早上我们向校友播报天气情况和时事新闻，还有老师们要我们播出的一些特别消息。
broadcast
vt.&n.
广播，播放；宣布（某事物）。broadcast
one’s
views
表明自己的观点
The
interview
was
broadcast
live
across
Europe.
这次采访在全欧现场直播。
There
was
no
need
to
broadcast
the
fact
that
he
lost
his
job.
没有必要到处说他失业的事。
知识拓展:
常见新闻用词:
interview
采访（某人）；面试
cover
采访，报道（某事）
report报告，报道（某事）
The
winner
was
interviewed
by
a
lot
of
reporters
there.
获胜者在那被很多记者采访。
He
was
sent
to
cover
the
whole
event.
他被派去采访整个事件。
We
aim
to
report
news
to
the
people
as
fairly
as
possible.
我们旨在尽量公正地向人们报道新闻。
例3.
(
)Be
quiet,
children.
The
weather
report
and
your
mother
wants
to
listen.
A.
is
broadcast
B.is
being
broadcast
C.have
been
broadcast
D.had
been
broadcast
解析
B
考察时态。
根据句意可知，让孩子安静是因为他们的妈妈想听天气预报，由此可知天气预报正在被播出，因此要现在进行时，而且表示被动。
……
We
often
play
songs
sung
by
students,
and
we
also
give
messages
to
inform
the
parents
of
events
such
as
outings
and
school
plays.
……
我们常常播放一些由学生们自己演唱的歌曲，我们还会广播一些通知，告诉家长们有关诸如远足，校内戏剧表演之类的活动讯息。
event
n.
（重要）事件；社交活动；比赛项目
It
was
quite
an
event
when
a
woman
first
became
prime
minister.
首次由女人任首相倒是件大事。
The
800m
is
the
fourth
event
of
the
afternoon.
800米是下午的第四项比赛。
（辨析）accident,
affair
,
event,
incident
,
matter
accident
指意外或偶然发生的事故，尤指带来不幸的，具有损害性的事件，特指不幸的
“意外事故”，如摔伤，车祸等。
affair
事务（可大至国家政府机关的事务，小至发个人的事务），常用复数；也可以表示个人的事。
event
指历史或现实生活中发生的重大事情或运动项目等。
incident
事情:
事件。尤指令人不快的，不同寻常的事或暴力事件，严重事件；在政治上特指引起国际争端或战争的事件。
matter
意为
“毛病，问题”，通常指要注意的事情；需要考虑和处理的问题
One
in
seven
accidents
is
caused
by
sleepy
drivers.
每7次交通事故就有一次是疲劳驾驶造成的。
This
is
my
affair,
not
theirs.
这是我的事，不关他们的事。
The
election
was
the
main
event
of
this
year.
这次选择是今年的主要大事。
There
was
a
shooting
incident
near
here
last
night.
昨晚这附近发生了枪击事件。
What’s
the
matter
with
you

你怎么了
例4
选词填空
incident
,
event,
accident,
affair,
matter
My
strongest
is
the
long
race
and
came
out
first
in
the
sports
meet
held
last
week.
The
fans
were
well
behaved,
and
the
game
was
played
without
.
On
seeing
the
,
he
felt
frightened.
I
can’t
say
which
wine
is
best,
it’s
a(n)
of
personal
taste.
We
have
several
important
to
deal
with
at
our
next
meeting.
(答案)
（1）event
(2)incident
(3)accident
(4)affair
(5)matters
例5
(
)Recently,
the
goal
is
announced
to
be
a
new
in
the
2016
Olympic
Games.
A.
accident
B.affair
C.event
D.incident
解析
C
event
在此表示比赛项目。句意为
“近来，高尔夫球被宣布成为2016年奥运会上的一个新赛事”。
In
the
club
meetings
,we
first
select
poems
that
we
love,
and
then
read
them
aloud.
聚会的时候，我们首先挑选出我们喜爱的诗歌，然后朗诵这些诗歌。（P18）
select
vt.
选择，挑选
Select
the
best
answer
for
each
of
the
questions
on
the
recording.
听录音为每个问题选择最佳答案。
Mr.
Green
has
been
selected
to
go
to
the
conference.
格林先生已被选去参加此次大会。
（辨析）select,
elect
select指在广泛的范围中进行有斟酌的
“精选”，淘汰的意味较重，其后须跟名词或代词作宾语。
elect最普通的意思是通过正式手续或投票形式的
“选举”，其后须跟人或职称名词作宾语，亦可跟
“名词+名词”，
“名词+不定式短语”的复合结构。
例6
(
)
The
players
from
the
whole
country
are
expected
to
bring
us
honor
in
this
summer
game.
selecting
B.to
select
C.selected
D.having
selected
解析
C
本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。句意为
“在全国挑选出来的运动员被期待着在今年夏天的赛事中给我们带来荣誉”。select与players为被动关系，只有C选项表别被动。
I
was
a
little
nervous
at
first,
but
everyone
was
so
nice
and
friendly
that
I
soon
stopped
worrying.
起初我觉得有些紧张，但所有的成员都是那么亲切，友好，我很快就不担心了（P18）
so……that……
如此……以至于……，常用来引导结果状语从句。
He
ran
so
quickly
that
I
couldn’t
catch
up
with
him.
他跑得太快，我赶不上他。
The
box
costs
so
little
that
I
can
afford
it.
这个箱子很便宜，我买得起。
（辨析）so……that……，so
that
so……that……
意为
“
如此……以至于……”，只能引导结果状语从句，其中so后面接形容词，副词或由few,
little,
many,
much修饰的名词。
so
that
so
that可引导目的状语从句，意为
“以便，目的是”，后面的从句中常含有may,
can,
could等情态动词；也可引导结果状语从句，此时意为
“因此”。
He
got
up
very
early
so
that
he
could
catch
the
train.
他起得很早以便能赶上火车。
He
raised
his
voice,
so
that
everyone
heard
him.
他提高了嗓音，因此大家都听见了。
知识拓展:
so……that……与too……to……的转换。当that引导的从句为否定句，且从句主语与主句的主语相同时，so……that……可转换为too……to……结构，若从句主语与主句的主语不相同时，so……that……可转换为too……for
sb
to……结构。
She
is
so
young
that
she
can’t
go
to
school.=She
is
too
young
to
go
to
school.
她太小了，不能去上学。
The
box
is
so
heavy
that
he
can’t
carry
it.
=The
box
is
too
heavy
for
him
to
carry
.
这个箱子太重了，他抬不动。
so……that……与……enough
to……的转换。当that
引导的从句为肯定句，从句主语与主句主语相同时，
so……that……可转换为
……enough
to……结构，若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，
so……that……可转换为
……enough
for
sb
to
do……结构。
Xiao
Lin
is
so
old
that
he
can
go
to
school.
=Xiao
Lin
is
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
肖林足够大，能去上学了。
The
box
is
so
light
that
he
can
carry
it.
=The
box
is
light
enough
for
him
to
carry.
这个箱子很轻，他能抬动。
例7
根据汉语意思完成句子
这件外套太贵，我不想买。
The
coat
is
I
don’t
want
to
buy
it.
她没把时间计划好，所以没按时完成家庭作业。
She
had
not
planned
her
time
well,
she
did
not
finish
her
homework
on
time.
答案:
（1）so
experience
that
(2)
so
that
例8
(
)
The
boy
broke
the
rule
he
got
punished.
so
that
B.in
order
that
C.so
as
to
D.in
order
to
解析
A
考查短语辨析。
so
that可以表示结果，表示
“因此”，后面接从句；
in
order
that为了，
后面接从句，表示目的；
so
as
to为了，后面接动词原形，不能放在句首;
in
order
to为了，
后面接动词原形。句意为
“那个男孩违背了规则，结果被罚了”。
You
should
also
come
up
with
your
own
ideas.
你也应该想出自己的主意来。
come
up
with
提出，想出（主意，计划，回答等）。
So
I
came
up
with
a
plan
and
gathered
forty
people
from
my
company
to
help.
所以我想出了个计划，召集我公司里的40个人来帮忙。
She
came
up
with
a
new
idea
for
increasing
sales.
她想出了增加销售量的新主意。
固定搭配
come
about
发生
come
across
偶然碰到；被理解，被弄懂
come
out(太阳，月亮或星星)出现，出版
come
to
sth
共计；达到
come
to（oneself）清醒过来
come
up
被提出；出现；发生
Can
you
tell
me
how
the
accident
came
about
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗
I
came
across
children
sleeping
under
bridges.
我偶然发现睡在桥下的孩子。
When
is
her
new
novel
coming
out
她的新小说何时出版
A
lot
of
new
questions
came
up
at
the
meeting.
会上提出了很多新问题。
例9
用含有come的合适的短语填空
Most
people
didn’t
know
what
had
just
now.
Ten
minutes
later,
a
bus
and
everybody
got
on
it.
A
famous
writer’s
new
book
My
New
Life
will
next
month.
It’s
disappointing
that
no
one
could
a
good
idea
to
help
us
out
of
trouble.
答案:
（1）come
about
(2)
came
up
(3)
come
out
(4)
come
up
with
例10
（
）
I
hope
that
you
can
a
better
idea
than
his.
A.come
up
to
B.
come
up
C.co