Unit 4 My day 语法学案：时间介词in，on，at用法详解（有习题，有答案）

时间介词in，on，at用法详解
一、关于时间介词at
in
on
at
in
on
三个介词在英语教材中是一个重点中的重点，经常出现在各种小型或者大型的考试中。很多学生会弄混淆这三个介词的用法，以下则针对这三个介词，具体讲述这三个介词的用法和区别。
批注：at、in、on也可以是方位介词，有的学生会混淆它们作为方位介词和时间介词的用法。在上课时，有必要的话要给学生说明它们在作方位介词和时间介词的区别。
二、时间介词at
用at的场合
（1）表示“某一具体时刻（即几点几分时）”，须用介词at。
e.g：
I
get
up
at
six
every
day
.我每天六点起床。
I
got
home
at
five
yesterday
afternoon.我昨天下午五点到家。
（2）用在特定的时候（时节、时机）时，须用介词at。
e.g.
They
were
happy
at
that
time.他们那时很幸福。
I
think
the
shop
is
closed
at
this
time
of
day.我认为商店在白天的这个时候关门了。
批注：at
that
time“在那时”可以让学生作为一个固定词组来记忆。看图片“at
that
time”简称“ATTT”
（3）表示“在中午、在夜晚、在周末”时，须用介词at。
e.g.
Do
you
often
have
a
rest
at
noon？你中午经常午睡吗？
You
can
see
many
stars
in
the
sky
at
night.夜晚你能看到天空中有许多星星。
I
often
go
to
visit
my
grandparents
at
weekends.
我常在周末去看望我的祖父母。
批注：at
night,
at
noon,
at
weekends在平时学习中都是作为固定词组来讲解，因此，这些常考的at的词组让学生背熟，并多做练习即可以掌握。
（4）表示“在……岁”时，须用介词at。
e.g：
He
started
learning
English
at
the
age
of
five.他五岁开始学英语。
She
was
still
beautiful
at
the
age
of
forty.
她活到四十岁还是很美。
（5）在含有next
,last,this,one
,any,
each,
every
,
some,
all的词组和tomorrow,yesterday,
the
day
after
tomorrow,
the
day
before
yesterday
前不用任何介词。
e.g.
What
did
you
do
last
summer
holidays 去年暑假你做了些什么？
What
are
you
going
to
do
the
day
after
tomorrow 后天你打算做什么
批注：“at
the
age
of
+年龄”仍然是数以固定词组一类。
三、时间介词in?
用in的场合
批注：如果学生的理解能力比较强，可以这样讲解“in后面接的都是一段时间”。比如“在五月--in
May”。无论是在在“五月一日”还是在“五月三十一日”都是属于“在五月”，并且“五月一日--五月三十一日”这是一段时间，因此in后面接的是表示一段时间的名词。
（1）表示“在某年/月/季节”这个含义时，须用介词in。
e.g.
She
came
to
this
city
in
1990.她于1990年来到这个城市。
I
plan
to
go
on
a
trip
in
July.
我计划在七月去旅行。
It
is
very
hot
here
in
summer.这儿的夏季非常热。
（2）表示“从现在起一段时间以后”时，须用介词in。
e.g.
They
will
go
to
see
you
in
a
week.他们将在一周后去看望你。
I
will
come
back
in
two
days.我两天后回来。
批注：对“in
a
week/in
a
month”的提问可以拓展一下。how
soon用于“in+一段时间”提问；how
long/how
often/how
far是对什么进行提问呢？
（3）表示“在某世纪”时，须用介词in.
e.g:
This
machine
was
invented
in
the
eighteenth
century.这台机器是在18世纪发明的.
Great
changes
took
place
in
the
twentieth
century.20世纪发生了巨大变化.
批注：例句中的一些单词词组如“invent、take
place”有的学生并不知道它们的意思，老师在讲解例句时可以在黑板上列出学生不熟单词的意思。
（4）表示“在某年代或特定世纪某年代”时，须用介词in。
e.g：
The
Anti-Japanese
War
broke
out
in
the
1930's.抗日战争爆发于20世纪30年代.
批注：
in
the
evening、in
the
afternoon、in
the
morning是常跟介词in连用的固定短语，需要学生熟练背诵。这样在解题时不需要考虑太多。
四、时间介词on
用on的场合
（1）表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词on。
e.g.
Jack
was
born
on
May
10th,1982.杰克生于1982年5月10日。
They
left
on
a
rainy
morning.他们是在一个雨天的早上离开的。
He
went
back
to
America
on
a
summer
afternoon.他于一个夏天的下午返回了美国。
批注：象“on
a
rainy
morning”“on
a
summer
afternoon”这样表示在具体某一天的上午或下午的一定要向学生强调要用介词on。多数学生对于“具体某一天”这样的概念理解不清，那么通过具体的例子可以向学生清晰的展示什么是“具体的某一天”。如例句中的“1982年5月10日”，“5月10日”就是具体到了“某一天”。在考试中，常考的不是“某年某月某日”，而是“on+a/an+表天气或季节的词+早上、中午、晚上”这样的结构。
（2）表示“在星期几”或“在星期几的早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词on。
e.g.
We
don't
go
to
school
on
Saturday
and
Sunday.我们星期六和星期天不上学。
What
time
do
you
get
up
on
weekdays 你在平日什么时候起床？
I
heard
this
story
on
Saturday
morning.我是在星期六的早晨听到这个故事的。
批注：on
Sunday,
on
Monday,
on
Tuesday等等可以作为固定短语来背诵。
（3）表示“在某一节日”时，须用介词on。
e.g:
We
usually
eat
mooncakes
on
Mid-autumn
Festival.我们通常在中秋节吃月饼。
Mr
Hu
received
a
card
on
Teachers'
Day.胡老师在教师节那天收到了一张卡片。
批注：当morning,evening,afternoon被of短语修饰，习惯上用in,而不用on.例如：in
the
early
morning
of
September
10th
在9月10的清晨；in
the
late
afternoon
of
September
12th
在9月12日的傍晚。
例题
1. The train is starting__A__five minutes.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D.still
2. Mike does his exercises __B__ seven _____ the evening.
A. on; to
B. at; in
C. by; of
D. at; on
3. Children wake up very early__B__the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
4. __B__ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In
B. On
C. At
D. For
5.I
get
up
early
__B__
the
morning,
but
___
Sunday
morning
I
get
up
very
late.
A.
on;in
B.
in;on
C.
in;in
D.
on;on
课堂检测
选用at、in、on填空，不需要的请填“／”。
1.
Mary
usually
reads
English
at
night.
2.
Mary
often
reads
English
in
the
night.
3.
Mary
left
school
on
the
night
of
May
4.
4.
Mary
left
home
on
a
rainy
night.
5.
A
terrible
earthquake
happened
in
Wenchuan
on
May,
2008.
6.
Where
were
you
at
that
time
yesterday
7.
We
will
return
from
Beijing
in
a
few
days.
8.
What
did
you
do
/
the
day
before
yesterday
9. Mrs Brown came to China
in1996.
10.
Why
did
you
get
up
so
early
in
this
morning.
时间介词In、on、at
的课堂练习
一、用介词in
on
at填空
__in___1999
__at___9:45
____in_the
evening
___on__Monday
evening
___in___June
___in____the
afternoon
___at____noon
__at____night
__on___Children’s
Day
__on__Teachers’Day
___at__8
o’clock
___in____Summer
___in____May
___in___May,1999
_____on___May15th,1999
二、单选
(
)
1.
Children
get
gifts
____
Christmas(圣诞节)
and
____
their
birthdays.
A.
on;
on
B.
at;
on
C.
in;
in
D.
in;
on
(
)
2.----There
is
nothing
____tomorrow
afternoon,
is
there
-----No.
We
can
have
a
game
of
table
tennis.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
out
D.
up
(
)
3.
A
lot
of
students
in
our
school
were
born____March,
1981.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
on
D.
since
(
)
4.
He
suddenly
returned____
a
rainy
night.
A.
on
B.
at
C.
in
D.
during
(
)
5.
My
grandfather
was
born____Oct.
10,
1935.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
at
D.
of
(
)
6.
The
train
is
starting___five
minutes.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
for
D.still
(
)
7.
Mike
does
his
exercises
____
seven
_____
the
evening.
A.
on;
to
B.
at;
in
C.
by;
of
D.
at;
on
(
)
8.
Children
wake
up
very
early____the
morning
of
Christmas
Day.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
for
D.
at
(
)
9
____
a
cold
winter
morning,
I
met
her
in
the
stfeet.
A.
In
B.
On
C.
At
D.
For
(
)
10
It
happened
to
be
very
cold____
the
morning
of
our
sports
meeting.
A.
at
B.
on
C.
with
D.
of
A:
in
B.
at
C.
on
D.
of
Keys:1-10：B
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
(
)
1.
Why
did
you
get
up
so
early
___
this
morning.
A.
on
B.
/
C.
at
D.
in
(
)
2.
He
went
to
Shanghai___
September
3,
1991
and
came
back___
a
cold
morning
last
year.
A.
in;
on
B.
on;
in
C.
on;
on
D.
in;
ia
(
)
3.
Lucy
was
born____
the
night
of
May
12,
1984.
.
...
A.
on
B.
in
C.
at
D.
to
(
)
4.
Mrs
Brown
came
to
China
____
1996.
A.on
B.
of
C.
to,
D.
in
(
)
5
___
the
morning
of
November
20,
1915,
the
workers
came
to
Chicago
to
show
their
mourning
of
Joe
Hill.
A.
On
B.
In
C.
On
D.
At
(
)
6.
Ann
moved___Hangzhou___September,
1992.
A.
/;
in
B.
to;
in
C.
to;
on
D,
in;
in
(
)
7.
They
started
off___an
autumn
afternoon.
A.
during
B.
at
C.
in
D.
on
(
)
8.
He
often
goes
____
school
____
six
thirty
____
the
morning.
A.
for;
to;
in
B.
to;
at;
in
C.
to;
for;
at
D,
for;
at;
to
(
)
9.
He
arrived
___
Shanghai
___
9:
30
___
March
5.
A.
at;
in;
at
B.
to;
on;
at
C.
in;
on;
at
D.
in;
at;
on
(
)
10.The
English
teacher
told
me
to
get
there____
half
past
ten.
A:
in
B.
at
C.
on
D.
of
Keys:1-10：B
C
A
D
B
A
D
B
D
B
当堂练习
课后练习