Unit 7 Shopping 语法学案：there be句型&some、any用法

there
be句型
(1)定义：There
be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
(2)结构：There
is
+单数可数名词/不可数名词+
地点状语.
There
are
+复数名词+地点状语.
【注意事项】there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
1.There
is
+
第三人称单数/不可数名词+地点/时间短语
Eg:
1.桌子上有一把尺子。
There
__is____
___a___
_ruler_____
on
the
table.
2.瓶子里有一些水。
There
__is____
some
water
in
the
bottle.
3.星期一上午只有一节英语课。
There
___is___
a
lesson
__on___
Friday
morning.
2.There
are
+
复数名词+地点/时间短语
Eg：
1.公园里有许多花。
There
__are____
__many____
_flowers______
in
the
garden.
2.书包里有5本书。
There__are____
five
__books____
in
the
schoolbag.
3.
阅览室里有3台电脑。
There
__are___
_three_____
__computers____
in
the
reading
room.
注意：若要表述某处有两种以上的物品时，我们一般遵守“就近原则”。即be必须与there
be后面第一件事物的单复数形式匹配。
Eg：
1.她的卧室里有一张床和两幅画。
There
___is___
___a____
bed
and
two
pictures
in
her
bedroom.
2.教室里有60名学生和一名老师。
There
__are___
60
__students___
and
__a___
__teacher___
in
the
classroom.
3.桌子上有许多玩具小汽车和一本书。
There
__are___
__many___
toy
cars
and
___a___
___book___
on
the
table.
三、There
be
句型的否定句、一般疑问句及其回答
1.There
be
句型的否定句
There
be
句型的否定句在be动词后面加not。
【难点】句中出现的some要改成any。
Eg:
1.
There
is
a
ball
under
the
table.
(改为否定句)
There
is
not
a
ball
under
the
table.
2.
There
are
three
bears
in
front
of
her.
(改为否定句)
There
are
not
three
bears
in
front
of
her.
3.
There
is
a
pen
and
two
rulers
on
the
table.
(改为否定句)
There
is
a
pen
and
two
rulers
on
the
table
2.there
be
句型的一般疑问句及其回答
There
be
句型的一般疑问句将be动词
放在there
之前，回答时用yes或no。Some
改为any.
Eg:
1.
There
is
a
bear
on
the
chair.（改为一般疑问句)
Is
there.......
肯定回答：Yes,there
is.否定回答：No,there
is
not.
2.
There
is
some
orange
juice
in
the
glass.(改为一般疑问句)
Is
there
any
orange......
肯定回答：Yes,there
is
否定回答：No,there
is
not
3.
There
are
three
beds
in
the
room.
(改为一般疑问句)
Are
there......
肯定回答：Yes,there
are否定回答：No,there
are
not.
特殊疑问句
对数量提问
How
many
+复数名词+are
there
+地点状语？
How
much
+不可数名词+
is
there
+地点状语？
对人对物
对地点提问不经常考
There
is
some
water
in
the
bottle.
What’s
in
the
bottle
There
is
a
little
girl
and
two
boys
in
the
room.
Who
is
in
the
room
There
is
a
book
on
the
table.
Where
is
the
book
四、There
be
结构和have的区别与联系
难点突破
1、there
be句型与have/has(got)表示的“有”的区别
1).
there
be句型表示何处或何时“存在”某物
Eg.:
There
was
a
park
here
,
but
now
there
is
a
shopping
mall.
(翻译成汉语)
这里有一个公园，但是现在有一个购物中心。
2).
have/has表示“占有”或“拥有”的意思，因此常与有生命的事物联用
Eg.
He
has
two
sisters.（翻译成汉语)
他有两个妹妹。
在2、there
be句型与have/has用法上的区别
T
there
be
句型中，主语是单数，be
动词用is
;
主语是复数，be
动词用are
;
如有几件物品，be
动词根据最靠近be
动词的那个名词决定。
Eg:
Tom在中国有一些朋友。
Tom
has
some
friends
in
China.
在教室里有30张桌子。
There
are
30desks
in
the
classroom.
在桌子下有一些玩具和一个球。
There
are
some
toys
and
a
ball
under
the
bed.
some
与
any
表示数量
用some
any这样不定数或不定量的词来修饰名词
some
any
表示”一些”既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词
桌子上有一些书。
There
are
some
books
on
the
desk.
我想要一些果汁。
I
want
some
juice.
商店里没有任何苹果了。
There
are
not
any
apples
in
the
shop.
你有什么好书吗？
Do
you
have
any
good
books .
2.some
常常用于肯定句，any常用于否定句或疑问句中。
冰箱里有鸡蛋。
There
are
some
eggs
in
the
fridge.
冰箱里没有鸡蛋。
There
are
not
any
eggs
in
the
fridge.
Are
there
any
eggs
in
the
fridge
难点
some常常用于表示请求或建议的句子中，表示希望得到对方的肯定回答。常常与情态动词连用
你能把糖递给我吗？
Can
you
pass
sugar
to
me
你想要一些水吗？
Would
you
like
some
water
我能喝一些牛奶吗？
Could
I
have
some
milk
例题
一．用some或any填空
1.
I
can
see___some_____:birds
in
the
tree.
2.
There
isn’t___any______orange
juice
in
my
bottle.
Please
give
me__some_______
.
3.
—Do
you
have___any______picture-books
　—No,
I
don’t
have__any_______
.
But
I
have__some_______story-books.
4.
—Is
there___any______rice
in
the
bag
　—No,
there
isn’t____any_____
.
5.
—Are
there____any_____boys
in
the
classroom
　—No,
but
there
are____some_____girls
in
it.
6.
—Which
one
can
I
take
　—You
may
take____any_____one
of
them.
7.
—Would
you
like__some_______fruit
juice,
please
　—No.
I’d
like____some_____tea.
8.
If
you
have___any______questions,
please
put
up
your
hands.
9.
May
I
ask
you____some_____questions,
Miss
Wang
10.
Can
you
see___some______bikes
under
the
tree
二、将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句
1.
There
is
some
water
in
the
bottle.
否定：There
isn’t
any
water
in
the
bottle.
疑问：Is
there
any
water
in
the
bottle.
2.
There
are
many
apples
in
the
box.
否定：There
aren’t
any
apples
in
the
box.
疑问：Are
there
any
apples
in
the
box？
三、对句子划线部分提问
1.
There
are
seven
days
in
a
week.
How
many
days
are
there
in
a
week
2.
There
are
lots
of
books
in
our
library.
How
many
books
are
there
in
our
library
3.
There
is
a
knife
over
there.
What’s
over
there
4.
There
is
a
little
milk
in
the
glass.
How
much
milk
is
there
in
the
glass
5.
There
are
two
cats
in
the
basket.
Where
are
the
two
cats
一.根据所给汉语完成句子。
1.
桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There
__is___
a
book
and
two
pens
on
the
desk.
2.
钱包里有些钱。There
__is__
some
money
in
the
picture.
3.
在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。_There___
__are___
some
cards
in
Jim’s
bag.
4.
里面还有其他的东西吗？__Is___
__There___
anything
else
in
it
5.
我们学校有许多班。There
__are___
many
__Classes___
in
our
school.
6.
树上没有鸟。There
__is___
___no___
birds
in
the
tree.
二.选择填空：
1.
Are
there
any
maps
on
the
wall
___
A.
There
are
some.
B.
Yes,
there
is.
C.
Yes,
there
is
one.
D.
No,
there
are.
2.
How
many
____
are
there
in
the
picture
A.
woman
B.
women
C.
buy
D.
milk
3.
There
aren’t
___
trees
near
the
house.
There
is
only
one.
A.
any
B.
some
C.
many
D.
much
4.
There
___
two
bowls
of
rice
on
the
table.
A.
is
B.
have
C.
has
D.
are
5.
Are
there
___
houses
near
the
river
Yes,
there
are
.
A.
some,
some
B.
any,
some
C.
any,
any
D.
some,
any
Keys1-5：C
B
A
D
B
三.there
be
与have区别专练。
1.
This
desk
_has
_
four
legs.
2.
There
are_
some
books
on
the
desk.
3.
Everyone
__has__
a
dictionary
in
my
class.
4.
I
_have_
a
new
sweater.
5.
There
are_
some
flowers
and
a
desk
in
the
room.
6.
There
is__
nothing
in
the
bag.
8.
They
__have__
something
to
eat.
四、选择填空。
1．There
________
no
tea
in
the
cup．

A．is
B．are
C．has
D．be
2．There ________
in
the
next
room．

A．is
Tom
B．are
some
boys

C．are
they
D．is
the
boy
3．There
is
some
________ on
the
plate．

A．apple
B．bread
C．banana
D．sandwich
4．There
________
some
paper
and
a
pen
on
the
desk．

A．is
B．are
C．have
D．has
5．There
is
some
milk
in
the
bottle，
________
？

A．isn't
there
B．aren't
there
C．isn't
it
D．are
there
6．
________
is
there
on
the
table？

A．How
many
apples
B．How
much
bread

C．How
much
breads
D．How
many
food
7．There
are
sixty
minutes
in
________
hour．

A．an
B．the
C．a
D．／
8．There
is
________
old
woman
in
the
car．

A．×
B．a
C．the
D．an
Keys1-8：A
B
B
A
A
B
A
D
六、用some或any填空
1.
There
are
(
some
)
newspapers
on
the
table.
2.
Is
there
(
any
)
bread
on
the
plate？
3.
Are
there
(
any
)
boats
on
the
river
4.
---Do
you
have
(
any
)
brothers

---Yes,
I
have
two
brothers.
5.
---Is
there
(
any
)
tea
in
the
cup
---Yes,
there
is
(
some
)
tea
in
it,
but
there
isn’t
milk.
6.
I
want
to
ask
you
(
some
)
questions.
7.
My
little
boy
wants
(
some
)
water
to
drink.
8.
There
are
(
some
)
tables
in
the
room,
but
there
aren’t
(
any
)
chairs.
9.
Would
you
like
(
some
)
milk
10.
Will
you
give
me
(
some
)
paper
1．There's
________
orange
tree
behind
________
house．

A．an
；the
B．a；a
C．the；the
2．There
is
________
map
in
the
classroom．
________
map
is
on
the
wall．

A．a；A
B．the；The
C．a；The
D．the；A
3．There
is
________
“f”
and
________
“u”
in
the
word
“four”．

A．an；a
B．a；a
C．an；an
D．a；an
4．There
________
not
any
water
in
the
glass．

A．has
B．is
C．are
5．There
________
an
apple
and
ten
bananas
in
the
basket．You
can
take
any
of
them．

A．are
B．is
C．has
D．have
6．
________
any
flowers
on
both
sides
of
the
street？

A．Is
there
B．Are
there
C．Has
D．Have
7．There
is
little
water
in
the
glass，
________
？

A．isn
't
there
B．isn't
it
C．is
it
D．is
there
8．There
isn't
________
paper
in
the
box．Will
you
go
and
get
some
for
me？

A．any
B．some
C．a
D．an
9．There
________
some
water
in
the
bottle．

A．are
B．is
C．has
D．have
10．How
many
________
are
there
in
your
classroom？

A．desks
B．desk
C．chair
D．door
11．There
________
something
wrong
with
my
car．

A．are
B．has
C．is
D．have
12．There
________
a
pencil
and
two
pens
in
the
pencil-box．

A．are
B．has
C．have
D．is
Keys:
A
C
A
B
B
B
D
A
B
A
C
D
二、用some或any填空
1.
I
can
see_____birds
in
the
tree.
2.
There
isn’t_____orange
juice
in
my
bottle.
Please
give
me_____
.
3.
—Do
you
have_____picture-books
—No,
I
don’t
have_____
.
But
I
have_____story-books.
4.
—Is
there_____rice
in
the
bag
—No,
there
isn’t_____
.
5.
—Are
there_____boys
in
the
classroom
—No,
but
there
are_____girls
in
it.
6.
—Which
one
can
I
take
—You
may
take_____one
of
them.
7.
—Would
you
like_____fruit
juice,
please
—No.
I’d
like_____tea.
8.
If
you
have_____questions,
please
put
up
your
hands.
9.
May
I
ask
you_____questions,
Miss
Wang
10.
Can
you
see_____bikes
under
the
tree
Key:
1.
some2.
any;
some3.
any;
any;
some4.
any;
any5.
any;
some
6.
any7.
some;
some8.
any9.
some10.
any
当堂练习
课后练习