非限制性定语从句（有答案）

　　　
一、限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别
1.
定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限定性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限定性）
2.
通过下表对比限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词的关系
从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。
从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整。
标
点
无逗号
有逗号
关系代词
指人who
(that)
whom指物which
(that)人和物whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去
指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省
修饰
名词或代词
名词或代词，也可以是整个句子
翻译
定语从句译在被修饰词的前面
定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子
例题讲解
(
)
1.
Alice received an invitation from her boss, _______came as a surprise.
A. it
B. that
C. which
D. he
题目讲解：答案C. 此为非限定性定语从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句
子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
(
)
2.
________
is
known
to
everybody,
the
moon
travels
around
the
earth
once
every
month.(NMET
2001)
A.
It
B.
As
C.
That
D.
What
题目讲解：答案B。首先根据逗号判断本句话为非限定性定语从句，所以只能选B。
(
)
3.
It
is
reported
that
two
schools，_______
are
being
built
in
my
hometown，will
open
next
year.
A.
they
both
B.
which
both
C.
both
of
them
D.
both
of
which
题目讲解：答案D。本句话为非限定性定语从句，A与B可以直接排除，如果选C的话both前面需要加and。
(
)
4.
She
had
two
new
cars,
______
was
made
in
Japan.
A.
one
B.
which
C.
and
one
of
which
D.
and
one
of
them
题目讲解：答案D。与上题类似，在C和D中进行选择，如果把此句话当成定语从句来选的话，需要把C选项中的
and去掉。
(
)
5.
I
have
bought
the
same
dress
__________
she
is
wearing.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
题目讲解：答案A
。固定用法，当先行词被the
same修饰时，关系代词用as。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the village where I lived last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错：
（错） This is the village where I visited last year.
（对）This is the village (which) I visited last year.
（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
方法二： 判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例题讲解
1.
This
is
the
hotel
_______last
month.
A.
which
they
stayed
B.
at
that
they
stayed
C.
where
they
stayed
at
D.
where
they
stayed
题目讲解：答案D.
stay是不及物动词，所以应该选关系副词，排除A与B，又因为副词前不用介词，所以不能选C。
2.
Do
you
know
the
year
______the
Chinese
Communist
Party
was
founded
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
on
which
题目讲解：答案C.
空格后面的句子是完整的，不缺成分，所以应该选关系副词，when是关系副词，表示时间，在定
语从句中作时间状语。
3.
The
place
_______interested
me
most
was
the
Children's
Palace.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
in
which
题目讲解：答案A.
空格后面的句子不完整，缺少主语，所以应该选择关系代词，所以选A。
4.
I
don't
like
______
as
you
read.
A.
the
novels
B.
the
such
novels
C.
such
novels
D.
same
novels
题目讲解：答案C.
as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the
same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，
as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。
as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,
要用such
a……..,本题中such
books,
such直接修饰复数名词.
5.
(1) Is this museum ______ you visited a few days age
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
(2) Is this the museum ______ the exhibition was held.
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
题目讲解：
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句： This museum is _______ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _______ the exhibition was held.
关系代词as与which的区别
1.
引导限定性定语从句
as
在引导限制性定语从句多与the
same,
such,
as,
so连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。如:
Such
a
clever
girl
as
she
can
learn
anything
quickly.
I
was
reading
the
same
book
as
he
bought
yesterday.
We
are
facing
the
same
problems
as
we
did
years
ago.
We
are
facing
the
problems
which
we
faced
years
ago.
We
hope
to
get
such
a
tool
as
he
is
using.
We
hope
to
get
the
tool
which
he
is
using.
注意：the
same
…as
与the
same
..that
的区别：
前者修饰的是原物同样的，而后者修饰的就是先行词。
This
is
the
same
watch
as
I
lost.
这和我丢的那一只手表是一样的。
This
is
the
same
watch
that
I
lost.
这就是我丢的那一只手表。
2.
引导非限定性定语从句
1）由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面，中间或后面（一般放在句首），一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后（即一般放在句中）。例如：
①
As
we
all
know,
Galileo’s
theory
of
falling
objects
is
right.
=
Galileo’s
theory
of
falling
objects,
as
we
all
know,
is
right.
=
Galileo’s
theory
of
falling
objects
is
right,
as
we
all
know.
②
He
was
thrown
into
prison,
which
got
round
throughout
our
village.
③
As
is
expected,
the
England
team
won
the
football
match.
④
The
earth
runs
around
the
sun,
as
is
known
by
everyone.
⑤
He
was
late
again,
which
made
me
unhappy.
⑥
As
you
know,
he
is
good
at
English.
2）as有“如”、“正如”、“像”、“正像”的含义，which
没有。后面的谓语动词多是see,
know,
hear,
expect,
say,
mention,
report等。
①
Bob
did
an
excellent
job,
as
we
had
expected.
②
Our
team
won
the
game,
which
made
us
happy.
③
As
is
known
to
all,
Taiwan
is
part
of
China.
3）as做主语时，其后必跟系动词，而which
无此限制
①
The
meeting
was
put
off,
as
was
what
we
wanted.
②
He
was
murdered,
as
seemed
true.
as与which的主要区别是
as有“正如、正像”的意思，而which没有，
在句中的位置，as比较灵活，而which一般位于句中。
掌握这两点基本就可以了，然后再配合例句让学生加深印象。可以让学生记两句话：As
we
all
know…和As
is
known
to
us
all…。
基础训练
(
)
1.
I
have
bought
such
a
watch
_______
was
advertised
on
TV.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
as
D.
it
(
)
2.
I
can
never
forget
the
day
_______
we
worked
together
and
the
day
______
we
spent
together.
A.
when;
which
B.
which;
when
C.
what;
that
D.
on
which;
when
(
)
3.
The
way
______he
looks
at
problems
is
wrong.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
what
D./
(
)
4.
This
is
the
reason
______he
didn't
come
to
the
meeting.
A.
in
which
B.
with
which
C.
that
D.
for
which
(
)
5.
This
machine,
______for
many
years,
is
still
working
perfectly.
A.
after
which
I
have
looked
B.
which
I
have
looked
after
C.
that
I
have
looked
after
D.
I
have
looked
after
(
)
6.
The
reason
______he
didn't
come
was
______he
was
ill.
A.
why;
that
B.
that;
why
C.
for
that;
that
D.
for
which;
what
(
)
7.
He
is
working
hard,
______will
make
him
pass
the
final
exam.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
for
which
D.
who
(
)
8.
That
is
not
the
way
______I
do
it.
A./
B.
which
C.
for
which
D.
with
which
(
)
9.
I
have
two
grammars,
______are
of
great
use.
A.
all
of
which
B.
either
of
which
C.
both
of
that
D.
both
of
which
(
)
10.
I
want
to
use
the
same
tools
_______used
in
your
factory
a
few
days
ago.
A.
as
was
B.
which
was
C.
as
were
D.
which
(
)
11.
My
neighbours
used
to
give
me
a
hand
in
time
of
trouble,
_______
was
very
kind
of
them.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
that
D.
it
(
)
12.
This
is
the
magazine
_______
I
copied
the
paragraph.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
from
that
D.
from
which
(
)
13.
He
is
not
such
a
man
_______
would
leave
his
work
half
done.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
as
(
)
14.
You
can
depend
on
whatever
promise
_______
he
makes.
A.
/
B.
why
C.
when
D.
whose
(
)
15.
Smoking,
_______
is
a
bad
habit,
is,
however,
popular.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
it
D.
though
(
)
16.
---
Did
you
ask
the
guard
_______
happened
---
Yes,
he
told
me
all
_______
he
knew.
A.
what;
that
B.
what;
what
C.
which;
which
D.
that;
that
(
)
17.
I
shall
never
forget
those
years
______
I
lived
on
the
farm
with
the
farmers,
______
has
a
great
effect
on
my
life.
A.
when;
who
B.
that;
which
C.
which;
that
D.
when;
which
(
)
18.
The
number
of
the
people
who
_______
cars
_______
increasing.
A.
owns;
are
B.
owns;
is
C.
own;
is
D.
own;
are
(
)
19.
During
the
days
________,
he
worked
as
a
servant
at
the
Browns.
A.
followed
B.
following
C.
to
follow
D.
that
followed
(
)
20.
Is
oxygen
the
only
gas
_______
helps
fire
burn
A.
that
B.
/
C.
which
D.
it
(
)
21.
The
clever
boy
made
a
hole
in
the
wall,
_______
he
could
see
_____
was
going
on
inside
house.
A.
which;
what
B.
through
which;
what
C.
through
that;
what
D.
what;
that
(
)
22.
Is
_______
some
German
friends
visited
last
week
A.
this
school
B.
this
the
school
C.
this
school
one
D.
this
school
where
(
)
23.
John
got
beaten
in
the
game,
_______
had
been
expected.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
what
D.
who
(
)
24.
I
have
bought
two
ball
pens,
_______
writes
well.
A.
none
of
them
B.
neither
of
them
C.
neither
of
which
D.
none
of
which
(
)
25.
All
that
can
be
eaten
_______
eaten
up.
A.
are
being
B.
has
been
C.
had
been
D.
have
been
1.
C.
当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.
As在本从句中作主语.
2.
A.
两个先行词the
day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.
第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.
3.
D.
在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in
(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。
4.
D.
for
which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why
来替代.
5.
B.
which
I
have
looked
after
构成一个非限制性定语从句.
6.
A.
The
reason
why…
was
that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有
“因为”的含义。
7.
B.
非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
8.
A.
解释见3题.
9.
D.
主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.
both
of
which用来引导非限制性定语从句.
10.
C.
as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the
same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.
11.
B.
非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
12.
D.
13.
D.
解析见10题.
14.
A.
he
makes是定语从句,
从句前省略了关系代词that.
15.
B.
which
is
a
bad
habit
非限制性定语从句.
16.
A.
what
happened是宾语从句.
all
之后that
he
knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.
17.
D.
years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.
18.
C.
本句话的定语从句是who
own
cars.
其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The
number
of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。
19.
D.
that
followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。
20.
A.
先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。
21.
B.
through
which引导定语从句，through
which即through
the
hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。
22.
B.
为便于理解，改写本句话：This
is
the
school
that
some
Germanfriends
visited
last
week.
不难看出，作表语的the
school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。
23.
A.
解释见10题。
24.
C.
因为是two
ballpens,
并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。
25.
B.
本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has
been。关系代词that引导定语从在从句中作主语。
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