牛津译林模块5 Unit 3 Science versus nature

　　　
模块五unit3复习
A．基础单词
1．________
adj.精确的；准确的
2．________
n．医师；内科医生
3．________
n．结果；后果
4．________
vt.&
vi.收割(庄稼)
5．________
n．概念；观念
6．________
n．罪；罪行
7．________
n．职业；行业
8．________
n．突破
9．________
n．总结；概括；概要
10．________
adj.准确的；精确的
11．________
adj.简洁的；简单的；短时间的；短暂的
12．________
adj.真实的；实际的
13．________
n．赞同；支持；恩惠；帮助；偏爱；偏袒
14．________
n．收入；收益
15．________
vt.插入；嵌入
16．________
n．利润；收益
vi.&
vt.获益；对……有用
17．________
n．一系列；一连串(人或事)
【答案】　1.exact　2.physician　3.consequence　4.harvest　5.concept　6.crime　7.profession　8.breakthrough　9.summary　10.accurate　11.brief　12.actual
13．favour　14.income　15.insert　16.profit　17.chain
B．词汇拓展
18．________
n．意图；目的；企图→________
vt.打算
19．________
n．忧虑；焦虑；不安→________
adj.焦虑的；担忧的；急切的，渴望的
20．________
adj.法律许可的；合法的
→________
adv.合法地→________
adj.不合法的
21．________
vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态→________
n．转化，转换；改革；变形
22．________
n．关系；亲戚→________
vt.叙述；涉及；有联系→________n．关系；亲属
23．________
vt.实施；指挥乐队→________
n．传导
→________
adj.
导电的；能传导的→________
n．售票员；乐队指挥
24．________
n．多数；大多数→________
n．少数派；少数民族
25．________
n．仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅；顾及
→________
vt.考虑
26．________
n．饥饿；饥荒→________
adj.饥饿的
27．________
adj.可依赖的；可依靠的→________
vi.依靠；依赖
28．________
n．农业→________
adj.农业的
29．________
vt.使惊吓；使惊恐→________
adj.受惊吓的；害怕的
→________
adj.令人恐惧的
30．________
n．准许；许可；批准→________
vt.允许；许可
【答案】　18.intention；intend　19.anxiety；anxious
20．legal；legally；illegal　21.transform；transformation
22．relation；relate；relative　23.conduct；conduction；conductive；conductor　24.majority；minority　25.consideration；consider　26.hunger；hungry　27.reliable；rely　28.agriculture；agricultural　29.frighten；frightened；frightening　30.permission；permit
重点短语
1．____________
一方面……另一方面
2．____________
戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
3．____________
义无反顾地进行；努力推进
4．____________
把……集中于……
5．____________
供出售；待销售
6．____________
耗尽体力；累垮
7．____________
效仿某人
8．____________
take...into
consideration
9．____________
in
favour
of
10．____________
point
of
view
11．____________
in
consequence
12．____________
in
agreement
with
13．____________
make
sense
14．____________
with
the
intention
of
【答案】　1.on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand　2.toy
with　3.push
ahead
with　4.focus...on　5.for
sale
6．be/get
burnt
out　7.follow
in
one's
footsteps　8.认真考虑　9.赞同，支持　10.观点　11.结果　12.同意；与……一致　13.有意义；讲得通　14.为了……；以……为目的或意图
知识点讲解
1．on
the
one
hand...
on
the
other
hand...一方面……另一方面……
On
the
one
hand，some
scientists
point
out
that
if
you
clone
an
embryo...On
the
other
hand
many
people，including
some
scientists...(P42)
一方面，一些科学家指出，如果克隆人类胚胎……另一方面，包括一些科学家在内的很多人……
I
want
to
go
to
the
party，but
on
the
other
hand
I
ought
to
be
studying.我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来学习。
【易混辨析】on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand.../for
one
thing...for
another...
on
the
one
hand
on
the
other
hand...
意为“一方面……另一方面……”，常用来表达不同的两个方面。
for
one
thing
for
another...
意为“首先……再者……；一方面……另一方面……”，陈述的两个方面的情况常常一致。
On
the
one
hand，rapid
development
of
the
economy
will
improve
the
living
conditions
of
the
people.On
the
other
hand，it
will
speed
up
environmental
destruction.
一方面，快速发展的经济将会改善人民的生活条件。另一方面，它将加快对环境的破坏。
They
all
like
her.For
one
thing，she
teaches
well；for
another，she
is
kind hearted.
他们都喜欢她，一则她教得好，再则她心地善良。
【归纳拓展】hand的相关短语
give
sb.a
hand＝lend(sb.)a
hand＝help
sb.
帮某人一个忙
do
sth.by
hand手工做某物
hand
in
sth.上交
hand
out分发
hand
over
sth.to
sb.移交
hand
down传下去
at
hand在手边；在附近
in
hand手头现有的；正在进行的；在处理中
hand
in
hand手拉手
Hands
off！请勿动手！不许干涉！
Hands
up！举起手来！
【反馈练习】
用on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand，for
one
thing...for
another...完成句子
①一方面我必须工作；另一方面我有许多来宾要照看。
________________
I
have
to
work；______________
I
have
many
visitors
to
care
for.
②首先我们没有时间，其次我们没有足够的钱。
______________
there
isn't
time；____________
we
haven't
enough
money.
【答案】　①On
the
one
hand；on
the
other
hand
②For
one
thing；for
another
单项填空
③On
the
one
hand
I
want
to
sell
the
house，but
______
I
can't
bear
the
thought
of
moving.
A．on
the
contrary　　　B．for
example
C．in
general
D．on
the
other
hand
【解析】　考查固定短语的含义。句意：一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面，我又不愿意搬家。A项意为“恰恰相反”；B项意为“例如”；C项意为“大致说来”；D项意为“另一方面”，根据句意选D。
【答案】　③D
2．point
out指出
On
the
one
hand，some
scientist
point
out
that
if
you
clone
an
embryo，you
can
produce
valuable
human
tissues...(P42)一方面，一些科学家指出，如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织了……
There
are
some
mistakes
in
your
pronunciation.Would
you
mind
my
pointing
them
out
你的发音有些错误，我给你指出来你介意吗？
He
pointed
out
that
it
was
very
important
to
master
a
foreign
language.
他指出，掌握一门外语是很重要的。
【归纳拓展】
point
sth.out
(to
sb.)(向某人)指出某事
point
out
that...指出；告知……
point
to指向
point
at指着；瞄准
point
sth.at...把某物指向……
When
the
mistake
was
pointed
out
to
him，he
hastened
to
correct
it.当有人向他指出错误时，他赶紧纠正。
The
hands
of
the
clock
pointed
to
half
past
eight.It
was
time
we
put
our
children
to
bed.
钟的指针指在八点半上，我们该让孩子们上床睡觉了。
It's
rude
to
point
your
fingers
at
people.
用手指指人是很失礼的。
【归纳拓展】
in
point
of
fact事实上；实际上
point
of
view态度；观点
on
the
point
of
doing即将做
at
the
point
of在……时刻
to
the
point中肯；扼要；切中要害
off
the
point离题
make
one's
point证明自己的主张正确
a
turning
point转折点
There
is
no
point(in)doing
sth.
做某事没有意义；做某事没有必要。
when
it
comes
to
the
point
一旦紧急；到紧要关头
【反馈练习】
用适当的介/副词填空
①He
pointed
the
telescope
________
a
deer
on
the
hillside.
②If
I
make
any
mistakes，please
point
them
________.
③I
pointed
________
my
head，saying
“In
here.”
【答案】　①at　②out　③to
④In
fact，I
should
________
that
all
of
the
paintings
on
display
are
fakes.
A．point
out
B．turn
out
C．try
out
D．put
out
【解析】　考查短语含义。point
out“指出”；turn
out“结果是”；try
out“实验”；put
out“扑灭”。根据题意，只有A项符合。
【答案】　④A
3．toy
with戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏；(不太认真地)考虑
On
the
other
hand，many
people，including
some
scientists，disagree
and
are
afraid
that，if
mankind
toys
with
nature
in
this
way，we
may
be
on
our
way
to
producing
a
real life
Frankenstein's
monster.(P42)
另一方面，包括一些科学家在内的许多人持不同意见，他们担心人类如果如此戏弄自然，我们可能将制造出一个现实生活中弗兰肯斯坦怪物。
She
was
toying
with
her
food，as
if
she
wasn't
really
hungry.她把饭拨弄着玩，好像并不饿。
I've
been
toying
with
the
idea
of
moving
abroad.
我一直想着移居国外。
【反馈练习】
She
________
her
pencil
while
she
listened
on
the
phone.
A．toyed
with
B．involved
with
C．interfered
with
D．connected
with
【解析】　考查动词词组辨析。句意：她一边听电话，一边摆弄着铅笔玩。toy
with“玩弄，摆弄”；involve
with“与……有密切关系”；interfere
with“妨碍；(未得允许)摆弄”；connect
with“与……联系，连接”。
【答案】　A
（2015江苏南京模拟）
Rachel
________the
idea
of
going
to
the
nightclubs,
but
changed
her
mind
at
the
last
moment
because
she
was
too
tired.
A.
played
with
B.
made
fun
of
C.
played
with
D.
toyed
with
【解析】考察动词短语辨析。句意：Rachel动了去夜总会的念头，但最后一刻她改变了注意，因为她太累了。A
拿什么开玩笑，B取笑
C和……玩
D轻率地对待，不十分认真考虑。
4．in
general一般地；大体上
However，in
general
the
scientists
were
praised
for
their
wonderful
scientific
advance.(P42)但是从总体上说，科学家还是因为其杰出的科学进展而得到了人们的称赞。
In
general，people
prefer
comedy
to
tragedy.
一般说来，人们喜欢喜剧而不喜欢悲剧。
In
general，her
work
has
been
good，but
this
essay
is
dreadful.
总的说来，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了。
①generally
adv.通常；一般说来
generally
speaking一般来讲；大致上说
②as
a
general
rule在通常情况下；一般而言
Generally
speaking，it's
quite
a
fair
settlement.
大致上说，这样解决很恰当。
Generally，the
weather
in
Britain
is
neither
too
cold
in
winter
nor
too
hot
in
summer.
通常，英国的天气冬天不会太冷，夏天不会太热。
【反馈练习】
同义句转换
In
general，he
goes
to
bed
late.
①He
________
goes
to
bed
late.
②________
________，he
goes
to
bed
late.
③________
________
________
________，he
goes
to
bed
late.
【答案】　①generally　②Generally
speaking　③As
a
general
rule
5．However,
some
people
believe
that
cloning
human
embryos
with
the
intention
of
destroying
them
shows
no
respect_for
human
life.(P42)
但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。
(1)intention
n．意图，目的；企图
What
is
the
intention
to
do
so
这样做有什么用意？
①with
the
intention
of...以……为目的；打算……
without
intention无意地，不是故意地
②intend
v．打算；想要
intend
(sb.)
to
do
sth.打算(让某人)做某事
be
intended
to
do
sth.打算用来做……；目的是……
be
intended
for
为……而准备的；专供……使用的
He
returned
with
the
intention
of
spending
New
Year
with
his
family.
他为了和家人共度新年而回来。
By
God！I
said
that
without
intention!
老天作证，我是无心说的！
The
book
is
intended
for
beginners.
本书是为初学者编写的。
【反馈练习】
①What
____________(你打算做)tomorrow
②Many
college
students
went
to
the
west，__________(打算)helping
the
local
people.
③The
movie
____________________
(专为……而准备的)
adults，so
it
isn't
suitable
for
children.
【答案】　①do
you
intend
to
do　②with
the
intention
of
③is
intended
for
④He
has
announced
his
________
to
retire.
A．aim　　B．intention　　C．purpose　　D．goal
【解析】　考查名词辨析。aim“目的，目标”；intention“意图，打算”；purpose“目的”；goal“目标”。根据句意“他已经宣布了退休的打算”，可知intention符合要求。
【答案】　B
(2)show
respect
for对……表示敬意
We
should
show
respect
for
our
parents.
我们应当尊敬我们的父母。
have
respect
for尊重
with
respect
to关于
in
this
respect在这方面
respect
vt.尊敬；尊重，遵守
They
have
great
respect
for
his
ability.
他们十分尊重他的才能。
The
two
groups
were
similar
with
respect
to
income
and
status.这两组在收入和地位方面是相似的。
【反馈练习】
⑤我非常尊重你的哥哥。
I
have
____________
your
brother.
⑥他根本不尊重她的感情。
He
showed
____________
her
feelings.
⑦在这方面我们是很幸运的。
____________
we
are
very
fortunate.
【答案】　⑤the
greatest
respect
for　⑥no
respect
for　⑦In
this
respect
6．concentrate
on
集中精力于；全神贯注于
Instead，he
thinks
research
efforts
should
concentrate
on
creating
new
tissues
and
organs
that
can
be
used
to
cure
diseases
like
cancer.(P42)相反，他认为研究精力应该集中在制造新的、可用于治疗像癌症这样的疾病的组织和器官上。
concentrate
sth.
on
sth.把……集中在……上
concentrate
one's
mind
on某人专心于……
concentrate
one's
attention
on某人专心于……
focus/fix
one's
attention
on某人集中注意力于……上
I
decided
to
concentrate
all
my
efforts
on
finding
somewhere
to
live.我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。
He
concentrated
his
attention
on
studying.
他把精力专注于研究。
关于“专心于……”的同义短语有：
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
put
one's
heart
into；fix
one's
mind
on/upon；be
occupied
in；be
buried
in；apply
one's
mind
to；be
absorbed
in；devote
oneself
to；keep
one's
mind
on。
【反馈练习】
1.There
is
too
much
noise
outside；I
cannot
________
my
attention
on
my
work.
A．fill
B．connect
C．flat
D．concentrate
【解析】　此题考查固定搭配concentrate
one's
attention
on
sth.的用法。句意为“外面太吵了。我不能专心于我的工作”，故选D。【答案】　D
2.Must
you
make
noise ——I
can’t
________my
studies.
A.
lead
to
B.
concentrate
to
C.
concentrate
on
D.
lead
in
【解析】句意：你一定要弄出噪音来吗？我不能几种精神学习了，答案C
7．anxiety
n．忧虑；焦虑；不安；[C]令人焦虑的事
Even
though
human
cloning
is
causing
a
lot
of
anxiety...(P42)虽然人类克隆引起了很多的忧虑……
She
is
waiting
for
the
message
with
anxiety.
她正焦急地等待消息。
anxiety
about/over
sth.对某事的焦虑/忧虑
anxiety
for
sth./to
do
sth.
渴望（做）某事
anxious
adj.焦急的；渴望……的
be
anxious
about
sb./sth.为某人/某事担心
be
anxious
for
sth.渴望某事
be
anxious(for
sb.)to
do
sth.渴望(某人)做某事
She
is
anxious
about
the
coming
exam.
她担心即将到来的考试。
He
is
anxious
to
visit
the
Great
Wall.
他渴望去参观长城。
【反馈练习】
①所有这些令人焦急的事使她面色苍白。
_______________________
made
her
look
pale.
②那个小男孩很想要玩具小汽车。
The
little
boy
____________________
the
toy
car.
③工人们盼望经理尽快到来。
The
workers
were
___________________
as
soon
as
possible.
④他们中有些人似乎对这次会议很担忧。
Some
of
them
seemed
_________________________.
【答案】　①All
these
anxieties　②is
anxious
for③anxious
for
their
manager
to
come　④anxious
about
the
meeting
While
each
passing
second,
everyone
became
more_________
waiting
for
the
final
school
bell.
A.
anxious
B.
courageous
C.
serious
D.
cautious
【答案】A
8．adopt
vt.收养；领养；采用；采纳
I
don't
want
to
adopt
someone
else's
child—if
I
had
the
chance，I
would
have
a
cloned
baby
right
now.(P42)
我不想领养别人的孩子——如果有机会，我想立刻要一个克隆孩子。
As
they
had
no
children
of
their
own，they
adopted
an
orphan.他们没有亲生儿女，就收养了一个孤儿。
We
should
adopt
the
consumers'
suggestion.
我们应该接受消费者的建议。
【归纳拓展】
①adopt
one's
idea采纳某人的意见
adopt
a
new
standard/measure采取新标准/措施
adopt
a
resolution
通过一项决议
②adopted
adj.收养的
one's
adopted
son某人的养子
③adoption
n．收养；采取
They
argued
him
into
the
adoption
of
the
plan.
他们说服他采纳这项计划。
【提示】　adapt跟adopt词形相近，要注意其区别。adapt意为“(使)适应，(使)适合”。
【反馈练习】
用adopt，adapt的适当形式填空
①They
are
not
my
real
parents.I
am
________.
②After
a
few
months，the
orphan
came
to
________
to
his
new
life.
【答案】　①adopted　②adapt
③The
courts
have
been
asked
to
________
a
more
flexible
approach
to
young
offenders.
A．adjust
B．adopt
C．adapt
D．admit
【答案】　B【解析】　考查动词辨析。adjust“调整”；adopt“采用”；adapt“适应”；admit“承认”。句意：法庭被要求以一种更加灵活的方式处理青少年犯罪。
9．While
cloning
human
embryos
is
not
legal
in
many
countries，some
scientists
are
already
pushing_ahead_with
research
in
order
to
produce
a
cloned
human
baby.(P42)虽然克隆人类胚胎目前在很多国家属于非法，但有些科学家已经在开始加紧研究，以制造一个克隆人类胎儿。
(1)句中的while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
While
driving
is
a
bit
difficult
to
learn，it
is
very
useful
for
your
future
development.虽然开车学起来有点难，但它对你们未来发展很有用。
While
I
understand
your
viewpoint，I
don't
agree
with
you.虽然我明白你的见解，我还是不能同意。
while引导让步状语从句，多位于句首。
while的其他用法：
①表示对比，“而，然而”
②引导时间状语从句，“当……时候”
He
is
a
driver
while
I'm
a
teacher.
他是司机，而我是老师。
While
the
children
are
away，their
parents
get
a
rest.
孩子们不在的时候，父母才能休息一会儿。
【高考链接】
(2012·湖南高考)________
I
always
felt
I
would
pass
the
exam，I
never
thought
I
would
get
an
A.
A．While
B．Once
C．If
D．Until
【解析】　句意：虽然我总觉得我考试能过关，但我从没想过我能得优。while常见含义有“虽然；然而，而；在……期间，当……时；趁着”等，此处为“虽然”之意。【答案】　A
【反馈练习】
写出下列句子中while的含义
①While
you
are
in
the
post
office，can
you
get
me
some
stamps？____________
②I
like
pop
music
while
he
likes
classic
music.____________
③While
he
loves
his
students，he
is
very
strict
with
them.____________
【答案】　①当……时候　②而，然而　③尽管，虽然
(2)push
ahead
with义无反顾地进行，努力推进
I
felt
I
could
not
move
another
step，but
after
lunch
I
got
my
second
wind
and
pushed
ahead
with
the
rest.
我感到我一步也走不动了，但是午饭后我又觉得干劲十足，与其余的人一起前进。
It
is
hard
to
push
ahead
with
such
an
unpopular
policy.
这样一个不得人心的政策是很难推行下去的。
push
ahead/forward/on
with
sth.
毅然继续做某事
push
sth.forward
提出某事；迫使他人考虑或注意某事
push
sb./sth.over使某人/某物倒下；推倒某人/某物
push
through挤过去
push
back把……向后推；把……推回原处
push
aside
不考虑，不去想
He
repeatedly
pushed
forward
his
own
claim.
他不断地提出自己的要求。
Tom
was
pushed
over
by
a
strong
boy.
汤姆被一个强壮的男孩推倒了。
【反馈练习】
④The
company
decided
to
go
on
________
economic
reforms
in
the
next
five
years.
A．putting
forward
with
B．going
ahead
with
C．pushing
ahead
with
D．accelerating
the
pace
of
【解析】　本题考查短语辨析。put
forward“提出”；go
ahead
with“继续”；push
ahead
with“推行，进行”；accelerate
the
pace
of“加快……的步伐”。【答案】　C
10．Severino
Antinori，an
Italian
physician，has
declared
that
he
wants
to
be
the_first_to_clone_a_human_being.(P42)
一位名叫塞维利诺·安蒂诺里的意大利内科医生，宣称自己想成为克隆人类第一人。
句中the
first
to
clone
a
human
being意为“克隆人类第一人”to
clone
a
human
being为动词不定式作定语，修饰the
first。
如果被修饰的词是由序数词或the
last/the
only/the
very修饰的名词或代词(后面的名词或代词常常可省略)，后面用不定式或从句作定语，不可以用动词 ing形式作定语。
Helen
studies
very
hard.She
is
always
the
first
to
come
and
the
last
to
leave.
海伦学习很用功。她总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
She
is
the
first
one
to
understand
that
problem.
她是第一个理解那个问题的人。
【反馈练习】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
①I
dream
of
finding
a
friend
that
will
be
the
first________(give)
me
a
hand
when
I
am
in
trouble.
【答案】　to
give
单句改错
②He
would
be
the
last
agreeing
to
the
plan.________
【答案】　agreeing→to
agree
11.the
way
in
which
……的方式
China
has
succeeded
in
producing
clones
of
cows
of
goats,
and
continues
to
research
ways
in
which
cloning
can
benefit
mankind.(p43)
中国已经成功克隆出牛和山羊，将继续研究能够造福人类的克隆方式。
这是一个定语从句，先行词是ways，在定语从句中缺少的是状语，关系词可以是that，in
which
，还可以省略。
【反馈练习】
（2015苏州月考）The
way
___________he
treated
his
parents
surprise
everyone
preset.
A.
in
that
B.
in
which
C.
which
D.
how
In
only
a
short
time,
computers
have
changed
the
way______________
many
kinds
of
jobs
are
done.
A.
which
B.what
C.
how
D/
12．consequence
n．结果；后果
If
we
toy
with
nature，we
will
have
to
deal
with
the
consequences.(P43)如果我们戏弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。
The
lung
cancer
is
a
consequence
of
cigarette
smoking.肺癌是吸烟的结果。
It
terrified
me
to
contemplate
the
consequence
of
your
action.一想到你行动的后果，我就感到害怕。
【归纳拓展】
①consequent
adj.必然的；因……结果而起的
②consequently
adv.因此；结果；必然地
③in
consequence＝as
a
consequence因此；由此
in
consequence
of＝as
a
consequence
of由于
take/bear
the
consequences
(of)承担……的后果
In
consequence
of
the
rain，the
tennis
match
was
delayed.由于下雨，网球赛延期了。
He
didn't
work
hard，and
as
a
consequence，he
failed
his
exam.他不用功，结果考试不及格。
【反馈练习】
I
hadn't
enough
money
to
pay
my
bus
fare，and
______
I
had
to
walk.
A．in
a
consequence
B．in
consequence
C．as
consequence
D．in
consequence
of
【解析】　句意：我没有足够的钱买车票，所以只得步行。in
consequence＝as
a
consequence“结果，因此”。
【答案】　B
13．for
sale供出售；待销售
Human
life
would
just
become
a
crop
to
be
harvested
or
a
product
for
sale.(P43)人类生命将变得像可以收割的庄稼或可供买卖的产品一样。
We
have
many
types
of
cosmetics
for
sale.
我们有许多种化妆品待售。
on
sale出售；上市；廉价出售
not
for
sale非卖品
Many
sweet
food
are
on
sale
in
the
store.
这家商店在廉价出售多种甜食。
I'm
sorry
this
painting
is
not
for
sale.
很抱歉这幅画是非卖品。
【反馈练习】
The
latest
model
of
this
video
recorder
is
now
______
in
your
shop.
A．for
sale
B．selling
C．on
sale
D．sale
【解析】　on
sale“出售”，指在商店里展销；for
sale“待售，出售”，往往指从主人手里买。B项的主语应该是人。故答案选C项。
【答案】　C
14．transform
vt.改变，转变；转换
On
a
personal
note，cloning
would
totally
transform
my
life.(P43)根据我个人的观点，克隆将会彻底改变我的生活。
His
plans
were
transformed
overnight
into
reality.
他的计划迅速变为现实。
We
should
try
to
transform
heat
into
power.
我们应该设法将热转化为能量。
【易混辨析】transform/change/vary
这些动词均含有“变化，改变”之意。
transform
指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化，失去原状成为全新的东西。
change
指任何变化，完全改变，强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。
vary
暗示不规则或断断续续地改变。
Please
telephone
me
if
you
are
to
change
the
day
of
our
meeting.
如果你要改变我们会晤的日期，请给我打个电话。
Although
this
is
the
general
approach，you
can
vary
it
to
some
degree.
尽管这是常规方法，但可以在一定程度上改变它。
【反馈练习】
用transform，change，vary的适当形式填空
①You
have
________
a
lot
since
I
last
saw
you.
②Prices
________
with
the
reasons.
③Success
and
wealth
________
his
character.
【答案】　①changed　②vary　③transformed/changed
15．If_I_had
the
chance，I
would
clone
her
immediately
so
that
I
could
be
with
her
again.(P43)如果我有机会的话，我会立即将她克隆出来，这样我就可以重新和她在一起了。
if在此处引导虚拟条件句，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
If
I
were
a
bird，I
could
fly
in
the
air.
If
I
had
time，I
would
go
to
see
her
next
week.
虚拟语气的用法：
从句
主句
与现在事实相反
一般过去时(be动词的过去式用were)
would/should/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反
过去完成时(had+done)
would/
should/could/might＋have
done”
与将来事实相反
should
+动词原形were
+不定式过去式（动词是be用were）
would/should/could/might＋动词原形
If
you
studied/were
to
study/should
study
hard
in
college，you
would
find
a
good
job
in
the
future.如果你在大学里努力学习，将来你就会找到一份好工作。
If
you
had
begun
to
do
your
homework
earlier，you
would
have
finished
it.
如果你早点开始做家庭作业，你早就做完了。
【高考链接】
(2012·山东高考)If
we
________
adequate
preparations，the
conference
wouldn't
have
been
so
successful.
A．haven't
made
B．wouldn't
make
C．didn't
make
D．hadn't
made
【解析】　考查虚拟语气。这是if引导的条件状语从句，根据主句中的wouldn't
have
been
so
successful可知与过去事实相反，是虚拟条件句。虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况中，if引导的从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时had
done。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会如此的成功。
【答案】　D
【反馈练习】
用正确的虚拟形式完成句子
①如果明天太阳从西方升起，会发生什么事情呢？
If
the
sun
____________________
(rise)
in
the
west
tomorrow，what
____________
(happen)
②如果你考试时再细心点的话，你就会通过了。
If
you
______________
(be)
more
careful
in
the
exam，you
________________
(pass)it.
【答案】　①were
to
rise/rose/should
rise；would
happen
②had
been；would
have
passed
知识模块2
Word
power
1．turn
out结果是；证明是；原来是
It
could
turn
out
to
be
a
monster！(P46)
结果它可能会成为一个怪物！
The
work
turned
out(to
be)more
difficult
than
we
thought.结果是这份工作比我们想得要更难。
The
lady
turned
out(to
be)our
English
teacher.
那位女士竟是我们的英语老师。
turn
out出席；露面；集合；在场
turn
in上交；交还；退还
turn
on
打开；扭开
turn
off截断；关掉
turn
up来到；到场；开大
turn
around转身
turn
down拒绝；调小
A
vast
crowd
turned
out
to
watch
the
procession.
有一大群人出来观看游行队伍。
He
tried
to
join
the
army
but
was
turned
down
because
of
poor
health.
他想参军，但因身体不好被断然拒绝。
You
must
turn
in
your
uniform
before
you
leave
the
army.退伍时应将制服缴回。
We
arranged
to
meet
at
the
cinema
at
7∶30，but
he
failed
to
turn
up.
我们约定7点30分在电影院见面，但他没来。
【反馈练习】
Thousands
of
people
________
to
watch
yesterday's
match
against
Ireland.
A．turned
on　　　　　　　B．turned
in
C．turned
around
D．turned
out
【解析】　本题考查动词短语的用法。句意为“数以千计的人观看了昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。”turn
out有“出席，在场”的意思，符合语境，故选D。
【答案】　D
2．figure
out计算出；想出；理解，明白；解决
He
is
always
working
in
his
lab，trying
to
figure
out
all
the
mysteries
that
make
him
puzzled.(P49)他一直在实验室工作，努力探索使他迷惑的现象的奥秘。
Father
is
trying
to
figure
out
his
tax.
父亲在设法计算出他的税额。
I
can't
figure
out
what
he's
trying
to
say.
我弄不懂他想说什么。
figure
that...认为……，估计……
I
figured
that
you
wouldn't
come.
我料想你不会来。
【反馈练习】
①The
present
situation
is
very
complex，so
I
think
it
will
take
me
some
time
to
________
its
reality.
A．make
up
B．figure
out
C．look
through
D．put
off
【解析】　考查短语动词辨析。make
up“组成；化妆；编造”；figure
out“理解；弄清楚”；look
through“浏览”；put
off“推迟”。句意：目前的形势非常复杂，因此我认为要花费一段时间来弄清楚它的真实性。
【答案】　①B
②我不理解她为何那样说。
I
____________
why
she
said
so.
③孩子们花了不长时间就计算出了正确答案。
It
didn't
take
the
children
long
______________________________________.
【答案】　②can't
figure
out　③to
figure
out
the
correct
answer
3．judgement
n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决
I
think
we
should
be
cautious
and
use
good
judgement
when
making
decisions
about
cloning.(P49)我认为我们在对克隆作出决定时应该谨慎行事，作出好的判断。
In
my
judgement
the
plan
is
inconsiderate.
据我看来该计划考虑不周。
He
lacks
sound
judgement.
他缺乏准确的判断力。
①make
a
judgement
on对……作出判断
in
one's
judgement依某人看来，按某人的看法
②judge
vt.&n.审判，判决；法官；裁判员；认为
judge
sb./sth.to
be认为某人/物是……；把某人/物评价为；判……
judge...from/by
sth.根据……来判断
③judging
by/from...(作状语)根据……来判断
We
shouldn't
judge
a
person
by
his
appearance.我们不应该根据外貌去判断一个人。
The
court
judged
her
guilty.
法庭判决她有罪。
Judging
from
what
he
said，he
must
be
an
honest
man.由他所说的话来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。
【反馈练习】
________
the
best
in
a
recent
science
competition，the
three
students
were
awarded
scholarships
________
21,000
dollars.
A．Judged；totaling　　　　B．To
be
judged；totaled
C．Having
judged；to
total
D．Judging；would
total
【解析】　句意为“在最近的一次科学竞赛中被判断为最优秀的三个学生被授予总数为21,000美元的奖学金。”the
three
students和judge之间是被动关系，而且动作已经发生，故选A。【答案】　A
4.be/get
brunt
out耗尽体力；累垮
I'm
totally
burnt
out.(P51)我完全累垮了。
She
will
get/be
burnt
out
unless
she
gets
more
sleep.
要是她得不到更多的睡眠，她的身体就要垮了。
He
was
almost
burnt
out
by
the
time
he
was
21.
他21岁时差不多就已江郎才尽了。
burn
out烧掉；烧毁……的内部；熄灭；烧坏；烧尽；筋疲力尽
burn
away继续燃烧；烧掉
burn
down烧为平地；
火力减弱
burn
off烧掉；蒸发
burn
up烧起来；
烧掉；发怒
The
oil
lamp
has
burned
out.
油烧完后油灯就熄灭了。
Let's
burn
off
the
rest
of
the
brush.
让我们把剩下的灌木丛烧掉吧。
The
forest
fire
burned
away
for
a
week.
森林大火燃烧了一个星期。
We
burnt
up
all
the
garden
rubbish.
我们将花园中的垃圾全部烧掉。
【提示】　tire
out，wear
out，give
out
等也有“筋疲力尽”之意，但注意前两个与burn
out一样常是及物用法，而give
out为不及物用法，不能用被动语态。
知识模块3:Task
&Project
1．relation
n．关系；亲戚
Public
Relations
Manager(P56)公关经理
Some
people
say
that
there's
no
relation
between
violence
on
television
and
crimes
of
violence.有些人说电视中的暴力镜头与生活中的暴力犯罪并无关系。
A
relation
of
mine
is
coming
to
stay.
我有个亲戚要来此暂住。
①bear
no
relation
to与……无关；与……不符
in/with
relation
to关于；涉及；与……相比
②relationship
n．关系；联系
have
relationship/relation
with
sb./to
sth.和……有联系；与……有关
③relative
adj.有关系的；相对的；n.亲戚；亲属
I
have
a
lot
to
say
in
relation
to
that
affair.
关于那件事，我有很多话要讲。
I
have
no
relation
to
that
firm.我与那个公司没有关系。
【反馈练习】
①这两件事之间没有联系。
____________
between
the
two
things.
②此项目的费用与其成果不相称。
The
cost
of
this
project
____________
the
results.
【答案】　①There's
no
relation　②bears/has
no
relation
to
③Your
remarks
seem
strange
________
what
I
have
heard
about.
A．in
relation
to　　　　　　　B．in
relation
of
C．in
connection
to
D．in
connection
of
【解析】　考查介词短语。句意：和我所听到的联系起来看，你的评论似乎有点奇怪。in
relation
to“和……联系起来看，与……相比”；in
connection
to“关于”；B、D两项搭配不当。
【答案】　③A
2．follow
in
one's
footsteps效仿某人
but
this
does
not
mean
that
we
should
follow
in
their
footsteps.(P56)
但这不意味着我们要效仿他们。
She
works
in
theatre，following
in
her
father's
footsteps.她继承父业，也从事戏剧工作。
follow
the
crowd随大溜
follow
sb.'s
example仿效他人的做法
follow
one's(own)nose一直往前走；凭直觉行事
follow
suit学样；照样做
as
follows如下
Just
follow
your
nose
and
the
hotel
is
there.
一直向前走，旅店就在那儿。
Father
bowed
his
head；she
followed
suit.
父亲低下了头，她也跟着低下了头。
follow的其它相关短语：
follow
the
signs跟着路标走
follow
sb.'s
order服从某人的命令
easy/hard
to
follow易/难懂
there
follows
sth.随后是
【反馈练习】
完成句子
①他很可能效仿他的父亲。
He
will
probably
____________.
②既然你不会这门语言，你只能见机行事。
Since
you
don't
know
the
language，you
can
only
____________.
③我不希望你效仿我，也仓促结婚。
I
don't
want
you
________
and
rush
into
marriage.
【答案】　①follow
in
his
father's
footsteps.　②follow
your
nose　③to
follow
my
example/to
follow
in
my
footsteps
3．I
am
sure
that
if
you
conducted
a
survey
among
UK
citizens，it
would
show
that
the
majority
of
people
would
not
support
this
type
of
scientific
research.(P56)
我确信如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，结果会表明大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。
(1)conduct
vt.实施；指挥乐队；陪伴；引导，带领
Your
children
conduct
themselves
well.
你的孩子们表现甚佳。
My
aunt
conducts
her
business
very
successfully.
我的婶婶把企业经营得很成功。
The
headmaster
conducted
us
round
the
school.
校长带领我们在学校参观了一圈。
①conduction
n．(电、热的)传导；(水的)输送
②conductive
adj.导电的；能传导的
③conductor
n．指挥，职业指挥；导体；售票员
④conductress
n．女售票员
【反馈练习】
①A
long term
study
________
by
the
medical
school
shows
that
babies
of
smoking
mothers
will
be
less
healthy
than
those
of
non smoking
mothers.
A．performed
B．undergo
C．managed
D．conducted
【解析】　perform，undergo，manage不能与study搭配；此处用conduct，有“组织，指挥”之意。
【答案】　D
(2)majority
n．多数；大多数
A/The
majority
of
people
seem
to
prefer
TV
to
radio.
大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。
The
majority
strongly
support/supports
the
plan
to
build
a
playground
for
children.
大多数人都积极地支持为孩子们建造运动场的计划。
【归纳拓展】
①a/the
majority
of大多数……
be
in
the
majority构成多数；占多数
by/with
a
majority以多数票
②minority
n．少数，少数派
in
a/the
minority占少数
Young
people
were
in
the
majority
at
the
meeting.
这次会议年轻人占了多数。
He
won
by
a
majority
of
500.
他以500票的多数获胜。
【提示】　majority通常与冠词连用，后接“of＋复数名词/代词”，表示“……的大多数”，即：a/the
majority
of＋n.(pl.)/pron.，此时若作主语，谓语动词用复数。a/the
majority可单独使用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式都可以。
【反馈练习】
②大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。
_______________________________believe
smoking
is
harmful
to
health.
③大部分人反对这个计划。
The
majority
__________________________.
④女性在护理行业中占大多数。
In
the
nursing
profession，women
_________________________.
⑤她以749票的多数票当选。
She
was
elected
________________________________.
【答案】　②The
majority
of
doctors　③is/are
against
the
plan　④are
in
a/the
majority　⑤by/with
a
majority
of
749
⑥When
the
headmaster
spoke
out
his
plane,
the
__________
of
students
in
the
class_________against
it.
A.
majority
were
B
most,
were
C.
most
did
D.
majority
did
4．In
summary，I
insist
that
you
take
the
opinions
of
the
people
of
the
UK
into_consideration，and
end
this
practice
immediately.(P56)总之，我坚持要求你把英国人民的意见考虑在内，立即终止这项实践。
(1)summary
n．总结；概括，概要
Please
write
me
a
summary
of
this
report.
请替我把这份报告写一份摘要。
Write
a
summary
of
this
story.
写出这个故事的概要。
①in
summary总之；总的来说
summarize
vt.总结，概括
to
summarize总之
②in
a
word总之；一句话
In
summary，the
campaign
has
been
a
great
success.
总之，这次运动成绩很大。
In
a
word，I
think
he
is
a
fool.
总之，我认为他是个傻瓜。
【反馈练习】
①The
boy
is
kind，hard working
and
rich.________，he
is
good
to
marry.
A．In
general
B．In
sight
C．In
summary
D．In
high
spirits
【解析】　本题考查介词短语辨析。in
general大概；in
sight看得见；in
summary总之；in
high
spirits情绪高涨地，故选C。
【答案】　C
(2)take...into
consideration认真考虑；把……考虑进去
Everything
taken
into
consideration，they
ought
to
have
another
chance.综合考虑，他们应该还有一次机会。
She's
under
a
lot
of
stress，and
you
have
to
take
that
into
consideration.
她压力特别大，你得考虑到这一点。
show/have
consideration
for
others
为别人着想
be
under
consideration在考虑之中
in
consideration
of考虑到；作为对……的回报
The
proposals
are
still
under
consideration.
那些提议仍在审议中。
He
never
has
consideration
for
his
wife's
needs.
他从来不考虑妻子的需要。
【归纳拓展】
①consider＋n./pron./doing/从句/疑问句＋to
do考虑……
consider＋从句
认为……
consider(认为)＋sb./sth.(to
be)＋n./adj.或者consider
sb./sth.(as)＋n./adj.
②considerate
adj.体贴的；考虑周全的
③considerable
adj.相当大的；重要的；值得考虑的
④considering
prep.
&
conj.考虑到……；就……而言
⑤all
things
considered全面地考虑；在句中作状语，用于概括或总结。
【反馈练习】
②If
we
________
all
the
things
into
consideration，this
project
is
better
than
that
one.
A．make
B．take
C．have
D．let
【解析】　考查固定搭配。take...into
consideration意思为“考虑，考虑到”。句意：如果我们把一切都考虑进去的话，这个项目要比那个好得多。故此题答案为B。
【答案】　B
(3)insist
vt.&
vi坚持；坚持说；坚持要求
I
insist
that
you(should)take
immediate
action
to
put
this
right.我坚持要求你立刻采取行动把事情处理好。
She
kept
insisting
that
she
was
innocent.
她坚持说她是清白的。
insist
on/upon(doing)sth.坚持认为；坚持做某事
insist
that从句，坚持认为，坚持说；坚持要求，坚持要
【提示】　insist后接宾语从句的用法：
表示“坚持要求，坚持要”时，其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”；
表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，即表示一个客观事实时，其后宾语从句要用真实语气。
I
insisted
on
his
coming
with
us.
She
insisted
on
writing
at
once.
He
insisted
on
his
demand.
She
insisted
on
her
mother's
living
with
her.
She
insisted
that
he
was
wrong.
He
insisted
that
we(should)accept
these
gifts.
【反馈练习】
③The
Arab
insisted
that
he
__________________(从没见过)the
camel.
④I
insisted
______________________(你立刻采取行动)to
deal
with
it.
【答案】　③had
never
seen　④on
your
taking/that
you
(should)
take
immediate
action
⑤The
man
in
prison
insisted
that
he
________
nothing
wrong
and
________
set
free.
A．should
do；should
be
B．had
done；should
be
C．had
done；had
been
D．should
do；had
been
【解析】　考查insist的用法。第一空表示坚持自己的观点，用真实语气；第二空表示坚持要求，要虚拟语气。
【答案】　B
5．confirm
vt.&
vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信
Therefore，we
cannot
confirm
that
food
from
cloned
animals
is
really
safe
for
humans
to
eat.(P57)
因此，我们不能肯定来自克隆动物身上的食物可以非常安全地让人类食用。
What
he
observed
confirmed
his
judgment.
他观察到的现象证实了他的判断。
The
announcement
confirmed
that
the
election
would
take
place
on
June
20th.
公告证实选举将在6月20日举行。
The
latest
scientific
development
confirmed
the
public
in
the
belief.
最新的科学发展使公众们确信了那个看法。
【反馈练习】
I
called
the
airline
to
________
my
flight
reservation
a
week
before
I
left
for
Canada.
A．obtain
B．admit
C．confirm
D．appoint
【解析】　本题考查动词词义辨析。句意为“在我去加拿大之前的一周，我打电话给航空公司以确认我预订的航班。”obtain获得；admit承认；confirm确认；appoint委派，任命。根据题意，故选C。
【答案】　C
6．bring
up提出；抚养，养育；呕吐
any
concerns
your
group
brought
up
in
Part
D
of
Step
2(P57)在第二步的D部分里你们小组提出的需要引起关注的事情
Her
parents
died
when
she
was
a
baby
and
she
was
brought
up
by
her
aunt.
她出生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。
You
can
bring
up
these
problems
in
committee.
你可以在委员会中提出这些问题。
bring
in引进；赚钱；领……进来
bring
about造成；引起；导致
bring
out出版；生产
bring
down打倒；使落下；降低
We
should
bring
in
new
technology.
我们应该引进新技术。
The
plan
will
bring
about
good
results.
这个计划将会产生良好的效果。
New
personal
computers
are
brought
out
almost
daily.
几乎每天都有新型个人电脑推出。
【反馈练习】
翻译句子
①她养育了5个孩子。
________________________________________________________________________
②公司正在生产一种新跑车。
________________________________________________________________________
③我军击落了一架敌人的战斗机(fighter)。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】　①She
brought
up
5
children.　②The
company
is
bringing
out
a
new
sports
car.　③Our
army
brought
down
an
enemy
fighter.
7．in
favour
of赞同；支持
Would
anyone
say
that
development
should
be
stopped
in
favour
of
nature？(P58)
会有人说为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？
Everyone
in
the
class
voted
in
favour
of
the
sports
meeting.班上每个人都投票赞成举办运动会。
in
favour
of赞同；支持
in
sb.'s
favour对某人有利
do
sb.a
favour/do
sb.a
favour
and
do
sth.帮某人忙
do
sb.the
favour
to
do
sth.帮忙做某事
ask
a
favour
of
sb.请某人帮忙
Will
you
do
me
the
favour
to
close
the
window.
你能帮帮忙把窗子关上吗？
May
I
ask
a
favour
of
you？能不能请你帮个忙？
　
类似于in
favour
of结构的短语有：
______________________________________________
__________________________________________
in
charge
of负责
in
consideration
of考虑到；由于
in
honour
of为向……表示敬意；为庆祝；为纪念
in
memory
of为纪念
in
search
of(为了)寻找、寻求
in
sight
of能看见；在……视力范围内
in
control
of控制
in
praise
of表扬；赞赏
in
place
of代替；取代
in
need
of需要
【反馈练习】
完成句子
①I
am
______________________
(赞成)stopping
for
a
rest
now.
②Could
you
________________________________
(帮我个忙)and
pick
up
Sam
from
school
today
③The
delay
may
actually
work____________(对我们有利)．
【答案】　①in
favour
of　②do
me
a
favour　③in
our
favour
8．point
of
view观点
From
the
point
of
view
of
some
people，we
are
only
doing
what
humans
have
always
done，using
nature
to
meet
our
own
needs.(P58)根据有些人的观点，我们现在只是在人类一直在做的事——利用自然来满足我们的需求。
Form
my
point
of
view，th
president
hasn't
done
enough
to
help
poor
people.
以我的观点来看，总统在帮助穷人方面做得不够。
【归纳拓展】
view...as
认为……是……
if
/when
it
come
sto
the
point
必须作决定时
in
one's
view(＝in
the
view
of)依某人看来
in
view
of
考虑到；由于
to
the
point/off
the
point
切题/离题
be
on
the
point
of
doing
when
正要做某事
take
the
view
that...
持……的观点
have
strong
view(about
sth.)(对某事)有鲜明的观点
have
different/opposing
views有不同的/对立的观点
There
is
no
point
in
doing
sht
做……没有意义
In
view
of
the
weather，we
will
cancel
the
outing.
因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。
In
my
view
and
in
the
view
of
most
people，it's
a
very
sound
investment.
照我的和大多数人的看法，这是很可靠的投资。
【反馈练习】
①______________________(依我看)，the
country
needs
a
change
of
government.
②_________________(由于他的)conduct，the
club
has
decided
to
dismiss
him.
③Everyone
at
the
meeting
________________(都有不同的观点)．
【答案】　①In
my
view/From
my
point
of
view　②In
view
of
his　③had
different
views
（2015安徽合肥模拟）We
were
just
__________calling
you
up
________________you
came
in
A.
about
,
when
B
on
the
point
of
,while
C.
on
the
point
of
,
when
D
to
the
point
of
,as
9．frighten
vt使惊吓；使惊恐
While
many
people
are
excited
about
these
new
technologies，these
same
technologies
frighten
others.(P59)尽管许多人因这些新技术而兴奋不已，这些同样的技术也使其他人恐惧。
Keep
still，or
you'll
frighten
the
rabbit
away.
别动，不然你会把兔子吓跑的。
They
frightened
the
old
lady
into
signing
the
paper.
他们恐吓老太太，使她签了这份文件。
①fright
n.
恐怖；惊吓
②frightening
adj.
令人害怕的；吓人的；可怕的
③frightened
adj.
受惊的；害怕的
be
frightened
of/by
sth.害怕……/被……吓住
be
frightened
to
do
sth.吓得不敢做某事
be
frightened
that...害怕……
be
frightened
to
death吓得要死
He
was
shaking
with
fright.
She
was
frightened
by
the
anger
in
his
eyes.
她被他眼中的怒火吓住了。
I
was
frightened
of
being
left
alone
in
the
house.
我害怕被一个人留在屋里。
【反馈练习】
All
the
children
became
________
and
began
to
cry
when
they
saw
the
________
snake
creeping
towards
them.
A．frightened；frightening
B．frightening；frightened
C．frightened；frightened
D．frightening；frightening
【解析】　考查frighten的用法。frightened“感到害怕的，受惊的”；frightening“令人恐惧的；引起突然惊恐的”。根据句意“当看到吓人的蛇正在向他们爬过来时，所有的孩子都害怕地大叫起来。”可知选择A项。
【答案】　A
10．Nowhere
is
this
truer_than
with
genetically
modified
(GM)
food.(P59)
转基因食品就是最好的例子。
(1)nowhere...truer
than...是比较级表示最高级的意思。
No
one
in
my
class
works
harder
than
Jack.
我们班没有人比杰克更用功。
I
like
nothing
better
than
swimming.
我最喜欢游泳。
比较级表示最高级意义的常见形式：
①比较级＋than＋
②比较级与否定词连用表示最高级的意思
Julia
is
taller
than
in
her
class.
朱丽叶是她班上最高的。
【反馈练习】
①我从未听过比你更好的嗓音。
I
have
never
heard
a
________
voice
________
yours.
②抄写数字是最烦人的。
Nothing
can
be
________________
copying
the
number.
【答案】　①better；than　②more
tiresome
than
【高考链接】
（2011四川）——How
was
your
recent
trip
to
Sichuan
——I
have
never
had
___________one
befor.
a
pleasant
B.
a
more
pleasant
C.
a
most
pleasant
D.
the
most
pleasant
【解析】B。
比较级与句中的never
结合表示没有比这次旅行更令人预愉快的旅行了。
(2)否定词在句首，用倒装语序。
Nowhere
could
I
find
a
person
to
help
me
at
that
time.
当时我找不到一个可以帮助我的人。
never，seldom，few，little，barely，hardly，scarcely，rarely，no，not等含有否定意义的副词及构成的词组在句首用倒装语序。注意此时用部分倒装，即只提前助动词。
Seldom
have
I
seen
such
brutality.
我很少见到这种暴行。
Never
shall
I
forget
the
day.
我决不会忘记这一天。
【反馈练习】
③Never
before
___________________________(人们那么受鼓舞).
④No
sooner
_________________________(我睡着)
than
someone
telephoneD.
⑤Not
until
Columbus
discovered
the
new
land
__________________________(香蕉被带到)
Europe.
⑥Scarcely
___________________________________(到家)when
it
began
to
rain.
⑦Not
only
_________________(献出)a
musical
performance
but
they
also
gave
a
brief
introduction
to
the
history
of
western
brass
instrument.
【答案】　③has
the
people
been
so
inspired　④had
I
gone
to
sleep/had
I
fallen
asleep　⑤were
bananas
brought
to　⑥had
we
got/arrived/reached
home⑦did
they
give/present
11．profit
n．利益；收益
vi.&
vt.获益；对……有用
Research
has
been
limited
to
increasing
production
profits，rather
than
making
sure
that
GM
foods
are
safe.(P59)目前的研究仅局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。
There's
no
profit
in
running
a
cinema
in
this
town.
这个镇里电影是无利可图的。
①make
a
profit赚取利润
do
sth.for
profit为赢利而做某事
gain
much
profit
from从……中获得许多益处
②profit
by
sth.(无被动)从……中吸取教益
profit
from
sth.得益于某事物；得到某事物的帮助
They
make
a
profit
of
ten
pence
on
every
copy
they
sell.
他们每售出一本获利十便士。
He
profited
greatly
from
his
year
abroad.
他在国外一年获益匪浅。
【反馈练习】
There
is
very
little
________
in
selling
newspapers
at
present.
A．advantage
B．mistake
C．drawback
D．profit
【解析】　考查名词辨义。句意：现在卖报纸利润很少。There
is
little
advantage
in
doing
sth.做某事不利；There
is
little
profit
in
doing
sth.做某事利润少。根据句意可知选D合适。
【答案】　D
12．permission
n．准许；许可；批准
Since
no
one
really
knows
whether
GM
food
is
safe，many
countries
have
hesitated
to
give
permission
for
the
production
of
GM
foods，as
they
would
rather
be
cautious
with
this
new
technology.(P59)
由于没有人确切地知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上犹豫不决，他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎的态度。
You
have
my
permission
to
leave.我准你离开。
She
refused
to
give
her
permission.她拒不同意。
①without
permission未经允许
②permit
vt.允许
n．许可证
permit
doing
sth.允许做某事
permit
sb.to
do
sth.允许某人做某事
permit
of
sth.认可，容忍
They
entered
the
area
without
permission.
他们未经许可擅入该地。
The
situation
does
not
permit
of
any
delay.
情势刻不容缓。
【反馈练习】
1.
We
forbid
________
here.
Who
permits
you
________？
A．smoking；smoking
B．smoking；to
smoke
C．to
smoke；to
smoke
D．to
smoke；smoking
【解析】　句意：此处禁止吸烟，是谁准许你吸烟的？forbid
doing
sth.禁止做某事；permit
sb.to
do
sth.准许某人做某事。故选B。【答案】　B
2.（2014四川绵阳月考）
Writing
may
be
edited;
we
reserve
the
right
to
publish
it
without
your______.
A.
admission
B.
decision
C.
permission
D.
position
基础训练
一、仿写式活用句型
1．If_I_had_the_chance，I_would_have
a
cloned
baby
right
now.
【句式仿写】　①如果我知道地址，我会给她写信。
________________________________________________________________________
2．While
cloning
human
embryos
is
not
legal
in
many
countries，some
scientists
are
already
pushing
ahead
with
research
in
order
to
produce
a
cloned
human
baby.
【句式仿写】　②我在表扬黎明，而他的妈妈却认为我在批评她的儿子。
________________________________________________________________________
3．Severino
Antinori，an
Italian
physician，has
declared
that
he
wants
to
be
the_first_to_clone_a_human_being.
【句式仿写】　③柳同是第一个意识到危险的。(不定式作定语)
________________________________________________________________________
4．Not_everything
that
is
best
for
nature
is
good
for
people.
【句式仿写】　④这项工程并非事事都顺利。
________________________________________________________________________
5．After
decades
of
destroying
nature
and
using
up
natural
resources，many
developed
nations
are
now
concerned
about
saving
nature
rather_than
developing
or
destroying
it.
【句式仿写】　⑤刘彬在忙着学习，不是在玩耍。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】　
①If
I
knew
the
address，I
would
write
to
her.
②I
was
praising
Li
Ming
while
his
mother
thought
I
was
criticizing
her
son.　
③Liu
Tong
was
the
first
to
realize
the
danger.　
④Not
everything
went
well
with
the
project.　
⑤Liu
Bin
was
engaged
in
studying
rather
than
playing.
二、完成句子
1.
The
story
____________________（使我想起了）an
experience
I
once
had.
2.
My
view
___________________________
（与------
相似）yours.
3.
Somehow
she
managed
to
_____________________________________ ___.（使她的孩子们有饭吃，有衣穿）
4.
Let’s
_________________________________.（把我们的班分成若干小组）
5.
With
the
rapid
growth
of
population,
the
city_________________________
_____________________________（向四面八方扩展）
in
the
past
five
years.
6.
I
____________________
（睡着了）while
reading
the
English
textbook.
Luckily,
my
roommate
woke
up
in
time.
7.
You
don’t
need
to
___________________________（描述她）.
I
have
met
her
several
times.
8.
When
a
pencil
is
partly
in
a
glass
of
water,
it
looks____________________
_________________________________.（好像折断了似的）
9.
_______________________（陷入了沉思）,
he
almost
ran
into
the
car
in
front
of
him.
10.
She______________________________________________________（想像自己走进办公室并对每个人说出）
what
she
thought
of
him.
二，汉译英
1.
请提醒我把这些信寄了。
(remind
sb
to
do
)
____________________________________________________________
2.
站在山顶，我们能够看见全城的景色。
(catch
sight
of)
___________________________________________________________
3.
我们为了以后，努力学习，获得更多的知识。
(for
the
future)
__________________________________________________________
4.
由于有了你们的帮助，我们才能取得如此巨大的成就。
(because
of
)
__________________________________________________________
5.
这所学校给孩子们提供书籍和食物。
(provide
sb
with
sth)
__________________________________________________________
6.
老师的话对我鼓舞很大，我决心更努力地学习英语。(inspired
by)
__________________________________________________________
7.
他经常躺在地上，看夜空的星星。
(looking
at
the
stars)
__________________________________________________________
8.
听了这消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
(hearing
the
news)
_________________________________________________________
9.
这个美国女孩说起话来就像中国人一样。
(as
if
)
_________________________________________________________
10.
玛丽写信时孩子都在外面玩。
(while)
___________________________________________________________________

一，完成句子
1. reminds
me
of
2.
is
similar
to
3.
provide
her
children
with
food
and
clothing
4.
divide
our
class
into
small
groups
5.
has
spread
in
all
directions
6.
fell
asleep
7.
describe
her
8.
as
if
it
were
broken
9.
Lost
in
thought
10.
imagined
walking
into
the
office
and
telling
everyone
二，汉译英
1.
Please
remind
me
to
post
the
letters.
2.
Standing
at
the
top
of
the
hill
you
can
catch
sight
of
the
whole
city.
3.
We
study
hard
and
gain
more
knowledge
for
the
future.
4.
We
have
made
such
great
progress
only
because
of
your
help.
5.
The
school
provides
the
children
with
books
and
food.
6.
Greatly
inspired
by
the
teacher’s
words,
I
have
made
up
my
mind
to
work
at
English
even
harder.
7.
He
often
lay
on
the
ground
looking
at
the
stars
in
the
night
sky.
8.
Hearing
the
news,
they
all
jumped
with
joy.
9.
This
American
girl
speaks
Chinese
as
if
she
were
a
Chinese.
10.While
Mary
was
writing
a
letter,
the
children
were
playing
outside.
能力提升
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.
What
do
you
think
was
the
author's
(intend)in
this
passage
2.He
caused
his
parents
great
(anxious)by
cycling
long
distances
alone.
3.The
plan
suggested
by
him
is
practical
and
worth
careful
(consider).
4.The
(origin)owner
of
the
house
has
moved
out.
5.No
one
is
allowed
into
the
lab
without
the
teacher’s
(permit).[来源:学
科
网]
6.I
am
afraid
that
the
boy
got
(fright)
when
hearing
the
sudden
loud
thunder.
7.
Three
hundred
people
in
this
town
are
dying
of
(hungry)
every
day.
8.
The
world
may
badly
want
(rely)forecasts
of
future
climate.
9.
He
ended
his
speech
by
talking
about
China's
(relate)with
Africa.
10.
In
your
(judge),
what
has
changed
over
the
past
few
years ...
二、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示写出所缺单词的完全形式
1.Have
you
any
(评论)
to
make
on
the
recent
development
2.The
"big-ball"
sports
in
our
country
have
made
a
(突破).
3.The
form
should
be
(确认)
by
the
customer
after
it
is
printed.
4.I
thought
that
the
whole
(观念)of
cloning
was
not
moral.
5.There
are
many
(现实生活)
problems
with
the
matter.
6.We
can
t
one
form
of
energy
into
another.
7.The
greedy
businessman
is
only
concerned
about
making
p
rather
than
ensuring
his
workers’
safety.
8.Having
no
children
of
their
own
they
decided
to
a
an
orphan.
9.According
to
the
survey
c
last
week,
more
than
half
college
students
admitted
having
consumed
alcoholic
drinks.
10.To
their
surprise,
the
m
of
people
agree
to
their
plan.
三、单项选择
1.Many
Chinese
college
graduates
leave
their
country
to
get
further
education
in
America
with
the
______of
getting
better
jobs
in
the
future.
A.
impression
B.
intention
C.
avenue
D.
design
2.Once
he
saw
his
daughter
back
safe,
his
________
disappeared.
A.
surprise
B.
anxiety
C.
imagination
D.
curiosity
3.(2015年高考英语原创预测卷
02<江苏版>)Nowadays,
people’s
lifestyle
has
become
remarkably
fast-paced
and
so
in
order
to
catch
up
with
such
a
pace
of
life,
the　　　of
smart
and
time-saving
methods
is
of
great
significance.
A.
abolition
B.
abortion
C.
adoption
D.
avoidance
4.(浙江省嘉兴市2015届高三下学期教学测试二)In
the
final,
we
narrowly
won
the
game.
______,
I
didn’t
expect
we
had
a
chance
of
winning
at
first.
A.
On
the
whole
B.
As
a
consequence
C.
In
other
words
D.
To
be
honest
5.No
__________
will
be
made
about
the
case
until
all
the
evidences
have
been
carefully
checked.[]
A.
anxiety
B.
relief
C.
view
D.
judgment
6.(2011高考湖南卷)One
third
of
the
country
______covered
with
trees
and
the
majority
of
the
citizens
_______black
people.
A.
is;
are
B.
is;
is
C.
are;
are
D.
are;
is
7.(2015届浙江省六校高三3月联考英语)Chinese
billionaire
Wang
Jianlin
__________
on
Wednesday
that
he
had
bought
20
percent
shares
in
Spanish
league
champions
Atletico
Madrid.
A.
confirmed
B.
submitted
C.
informed
D.
promoted
8.All
the
children
became
________
and
began
to
cry
when
they
saw
the
________
snake
creeping
towards
them.
A.
frightened；frightening
B.
frightening；frightened
C.
frightened；frightened
D.
frightening；frightening
9.The
film
“World
without
thieves”
enjoyed
a
great
success
and
brought
in
a
large______
to
the
cinema.
A.
achievement
B.
advantage
C.
preference
D.
profit
10.You
can’t
take
photographs
in
here
unless
you
get
_______from
the
administrator
.
A.
award
B.
impression
C.
permission
D.
recognition
11.(2014安徽皖北协作区高三联考)He
________
his
plan
for
dropping
out
of
the
university
regardless
of
his
parents'
opposition.
A.
pushed
along
B.
pushed
ahead
with
C.
pushed
for
D.
pushed
forward
12.The
record
about
the
massacre
(大屠杀)
is
fairly
clear
and
beyond
dispute
______
those
activities
the
Japanese
soldiers
were
involved
in.[]
A.
in
memory
of
B.
with
assistance
of
C.
with
respect
to
D.
in
place
of
13New
iPhone
goes
on
Friday
with
a
bigger
screen
and
4G
wireless
technology,
as
the
company
seeks
to
keep
its
competitiveness.
A.
for
sale
B.
selling
C.
on
sale
D.
sale
14.I
hope
my
teacher
will
take
my
recent
illness
into
________when
judging
my
examination.
A.
regard
B.
counting
C.
consideration
D.
observation
15.(2014江苏无锡一中高三检测)I
am
all
________
trying
to
find
ways
to
save
money,
but
we
have
to
maintain
certain
standards
of
quality.
A.
in
favour
of
B.
in
memory
of
C.
in
honor
of
D.
in
search
of
16.(2015届湖北浠水实验高级中学高三上期中)________
your
present
bad
mood,
you’d
better
put
off
the
work
till
next
week,
when
you
may
be
in
higher
spirits.
A.
In
charge
of
B.
In
spite
of
C.
In
terms
of
D.
In
view
of
17.(2014高考江西卷)Starting
your
own
business
could
be
a
way
to
achieving
financial
independence.
_______,
it
could
just
put
you
in
debt.
A.
In
other
words
B.
All
in
all
C.
As
a
result
D.
On
the
other
hand
18.
(2012高考四川卷)This
training
program
can
give
you
a
lift
at
work,
________
increase
your
income
by
40%.
A.
as
well
as
B.
so
long
as
C.
so
much
as
D.
as
soon
as
19.
(2014高考山东卷)It’s
standard
practice
for
a
company
like
this
one______
a
security
officer.
A.
employed
B.
being
employed
C.
to
employ
D.
employs
20.(2011高考大纲卷)Mr.
Stevenson
is
great
to
work
for—I
really
couldn’t
ask
for
a
boss.
A.
better
B.
good
C.
best
D.
still
better
21.(2015高考北京卷)If
______for
the
job,
you’ll
be
informed
soon.
A
.to
accept
B.
accept
C.
accepting
D.
accepted
22.(2015高考重庆卷)_______in
the
poorest
area
of
Glasgow,
he
had
a
long,
hard
road
to
becoming
a
football
star.
A.Being
raised
B.
Raising
C.
Raised
D.
To
raise
23.(2015高考江苏卷)Much
time
_____
sitting
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
A.
being
spent
B.
having
spent
C.
spent
D.
spending
24.(2015高考陕西卷)Back
from
his
two-year
medical
service
in
Africa,
Dr.
Lee
was
very
happy
to
see
his
mother
good
care
of
at
home.
A.
taking
B.
taken
C.
take
D.
be
taken
25.(2015高考四川卷)Little
Tom
sat
watching
the
monkey
dancing
in
front
of
him.
A.
amaze
B.
amazing
C.
amazed
D.
to
amaze
26.(天津市和平区2015届高三第二次模拟考试)______with
a
gradual
rise
of
seawater,
some
nations
in
the
Pacific
are
considering
moving
in
the
near
future.
A.
Facing
B.
To
face
C.
Being
faced
D.
Faced
27.(湖南省长望浏宁四县2015届高三3月调研)
_______
by
a
great
demand
for
environmental-friendly
cars,
those
factories
has
produced
more
green
ones.
A.
Driven
B
Being
driven
C
Having
driven
D
To
drive
28.(福建省泉州市2015届高三3月教学质量检查)The
stranger
to
walk
into
the
building
in
the
early
morning
was
probably
a
salesman.
A.
seen
B.
to
see
C.
to
be
seen
D.
seeing
29.(2015届江苏宿迁沭阳银河学校高三上12月月考)_____
to
improving
services,
we
will
provide
customers
with
all
the
information
they
need.
A.
Being
committed
B.
Having
committed
C.
Committed
D.
Committing
30.(2015届江苏泰州姜堰高三上期中)We
believe
the
time
and
hard
work
_______in
completing
such
an
important
project
are
worthwhile.
A.
involved
B.involving
C.
to
involve
D.
to
be
involved
一、
二、
comment
,breakthrough
,confirmed,
concept,
real-life,
transform,
profits,
adopt,
conducted,
majority
三、1-5
BBCBD
6-10
AAABC
11-15
BCCCA
16-20DDACA
21-25
DCCBC
26-30
DAACA
PAGE
3