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Unit 1 Great Scientists SectionⅠ 同步学案
Goals：
1.Get to know some famous scientists and their discoveries.
2.Learn what qualities a great scientist should have.
3.Get to know how John Snow defeated “King Cholera”.
4.Learn to arrange an article in a proper way.
Key points：
1.Read the text fluently and loud.
2.Learn the detail of the text, such as why, how, the process, etc
一、自主预习：找出并翻译下列短语
1.lift up
2.提出
3.draw a conclusion
4. 一团有毒气体
5.gather information
6.决定做某事
7.be to blame
8.指导某人做某事
9.be similar to
10.提出一个新的科学构想
11.analyse the results
12.与......连接
remove from
14.缓慢，减速
二、语篇解读
A Read the text and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para.1( ) A．John Snow’s suggestions for preventing cholera
Para.2( ) B．An analysis of John Snow’s map
Para.3( ) C．Extra evidence showing that polluted water carried the virus
Para.4( ) D．Two theories possibly explaining how cholera killed people
Para.5( ) E．A brief introduction to John Snow and cholera
Para.6( ) F．John Snow found the cause of the disease.
Para.7( ) G．John Snow began to gather information to prove the second theory was correct.
B Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What inspired John Snow according to the first paragraph
A．Being Queen Victoria’s personal physician.
B．Finding where cholera happened.
C．Helping ordinary people who suffered from cholera.
D．He was an expert.
2．What’s the use of John Snow’s map in his research
A．To help him find the number of dead people.
B．To help him not lose his way.
C．To help him find the reason of the cholera outbreak.
D．To help him where the cholera happened.
3．Another title of the text might be________.
A．John Snow and cholera
B．The discovery of cholera
C．John Snow：a great scientist
D．The reason of cholera
4．From the first paragraph，we can learn that John Snow________.
A．was the only doctor to be interested in medical research
B．liked to make friends with famous people
C．showed much concern for ordinary people’s safety
D．didn’t hold much hope for finding out the cause of the disease
5．According to the passage，we can learn that________will play a great part in carrying out research successfully.
A．people’s support
B．the previous experience
C．money
D．proper methods
三、知识探究
1.John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理；注意vi.专心；留意
【拓展】
attendant n．服务员，侍者；adj.伴随的，陪从的
attendance n．出席，到场
attend a lecture/a movie听演讲/看电影
attend school/class上学/上课
attend a meeting参加会议
attend on/upon sb.伺候某人，照顾某人
attend to 处理；注意倾听；专心于，照料
【辨析】
易混词（组） 辨析 例句
attend 表示出席或参加会议、仪式、典礼；也可表示上课、上学、听报告等 They attended college together at Beijing University.
join 表示加入某一组织，并成为其中的一员，如加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部等。其宾语也可以是人 My wish is to join the army after graduation.
join in 表示参加正在进行的小型活动，也可用于join sb. in (doing) sth.表示加入某人的行列一起做某事 I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun.
take part in 表示参加活动，侧重说明主语参加并在其中发挥一定的作用，part前若有修饰语，前面要用不定冠词 People who take part in sports must be in condition.
【练习】
用attend，join in，join，take part in的适当形式填空
An old Party member who ________ the Party in 1949 ________ the meeting. He________ our group discussion and encouraged us to ________ various social activities.
2.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
absorb vt. 吸收；并入,并吞；吸引；使专心；理解,掌握
【拓展】
absorbed adj.注意力集中的，专心致志的
absorbing adj.非常吸引人的，引人入胜的
absorber n．吸收器；吸收者
absorb...from...从……中吸取……
be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于
【练习】
She was so ________ in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door at all.
A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. devoted
3.It seemed that the water was_to_blame.
blame vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于 n. 过失；责备
【拓展】
blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb.把……归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(不用被动语态)
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将……归咎于某人
blameful adj.有过错的，该受责备的
blameless adj.无可责难的，无过错的
【练习】
It was the boy, rather than his teachers, that ________ for what the boy had done.
A. were to blame B. were to blamed
C. was to blame D. was to be blamed
The water companies were_instructed_not_to expose people to polluted water any more
instruct vt教导; 指示
【拓展】
instruction n．教授；指导；(复数)用法说明，操作指南
instructive adj.指示性的，有教育意义的
instructor n．辅导员，讲师
be instructed to do sth.被指示做某事
instruct＋that从句，从句用should＋do形式，should可以省略
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
expose vt. 暴露，揭露；使曝光；使面临
【拓展】
be exposed to使暴露在……
expose sb./sth. to...使……暴露在……
expose sth.揭露某事
exposure n．暴露，揭露
overexpose v．使(胶片等)曝光过度；对……报道过频
【练习】
When ________ to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, ________ nervous and anxious.
A. exposed; felt B. exposed; feeling
C. exposing; feeling D. exposing; felt
6.draw a conclusion得出结论
conclude vt.& vi. 断定，推断；使结束，终止；达成，缔结
【拓展】
conclusion n．结论；结束；议定
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
in conclusion最后，总之
jump to conclusions/a conclusion贸然断定，贸然下结论
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
conclude sth. with sth. / by doing sth. 以……结束
conclude sth.(from sth.) that... (从……)推断出,断定
【练习】
（1）从这些事实中你得出什么结论？
________ do you ________ the facts
（2）他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束他的演讲。
He ____________ a famous saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.
（3）最后，我想向我的家人表示感谢。
__________, I’d like to express my thanks to my family.
Who put_forward a theory about black holes？
put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将……提前
【拓展】
put aside把……放在一边；储存……以备用；不考虑
put away把……放好；储存……以备用；处理掉
put down放下；评定；制止；卸下；降低
put off推迟；阻止；脱掉；使分心；关掉
put on把……放在……上；穿上；装出；增加；上演；打开
put out放出；生产；发布；熄灭；困扰；麻烦
put up举起；进行；建造；接待；张贴；暂住
put up with / bear / stand / tolerate容忍；忍受
put through接通电话；完成；使经受
put in 插话；添上
【练习】
None of the travelers paid attention to the advice ________ by the villager. As a result, they got lost in the forest.
A. put aside B. put forward
C. put down D. put out
8.In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were_linked_to the Broad Street outbreak.
be linked to与.......有关联
【拓展】
link...to...把……与……连接或联系起来
link together使连接在一起
link up把……连接起来，汇合
Next，John Snow looked_into the source of the water for these two streets.
look into调查，研究
【拓展】
look about/around/round朝四周看；考虑；察看
look out (for sb./sth.)警惕或留心某人/某事
look down on/upon sb.瞧不起某人
look on旁观
look back回顾
10.defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n.失败，挫折
【辨析】 defeat，beat与win
(1)defeat与beat都接sb.作宾语，一般可以互换，但beat侧重于比赛中击败对手，defeat既可以指比赛，也可指战场上战胜对手。
(2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，常接宾语：game，war，prize，fame，battle等。win还可作为不及物动词来用。
【练习】
（1）I tried to him but he was too much for me.
（2）She was determined to the race.
11. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
cure n．治愈；痊愈；vt治愈；治疗
【拓展】
a cure for...解决、治疗……的方法
cure sb.(of sth.)治好/矫正某人(的……)
【辨析】treat与cure
(1)treat表示治疗的过程，不表示结果。
(2)cure强调结果，意为“治疗、治愈”，常与of连用。
【练习】
The doctor her cancer with a new medicine，but didn’t her.
12.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.
challenge n．挑战；vt.向……挑战
【拓展】
face a/the challenge面对挑战
accept/take up a /the challenge接受挑战
challenge sb.(to do sth.)向某人挑战(做某事)；邀请某人参赛挑战
13.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
suspect vt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
【拓展】
suspect that...怀疑……，认为……
suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect sb.to be...认为某人……
【练习】
（1）The police suspected him the money.警察怀疑钱是他偷的。
（2）The police to the police station.
警察把这个嫌疑犯带到了警察局。
14.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.
announce vt.宣布；通告
【拓展】
announce sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布、通告某事
announce that...宣布……；通知……
It is announced that...据宣布……
announcement n．通告，宣告
announcer n．播音员，广播员
【练习】
（1）The chairman began to his plan.
（2）The government made an that they would pay their debt.
15.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
neither...nor...可连接两个平行结构。连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于与谓语最近的主语；连接两个分句时，两个分句都需倒装。
【练习】
Neither Tom nor his parents (be) going to see the film this weekend.
16.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
every time是名词短语，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……时”。除此之外，each time，any time，the first time，last time，next time，immediately，the moment，directly和every time用法一样，作连词，引导时间状语从句。
To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
【拓展】
(1)prevent..(from) doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。
（2）suggest表示“建议”，其宾语从句的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，该句中的should被省略了。
suggest 提议，建议 suggest doingsuggest that sb.(should) do(从句中常用虚拟语气)
suggest 表明，暗示 suggest that clause(从句中用陈述语气)
【练习】
（1）They suggested that she （make） a working plan ahead of time.
（2）The expression on her face suggested that she （be） frightened.
18.A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
have sth.done在此表示让别人做某事，也可表示遭遇某事，或只表示某事被做过或做完的状态。
【拓展】
have sb./sth.doing...使……一直做……
won’t/can’t have sb.doing sth.不能容忍某人做某事
have sth.to do有事情要做
have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
四、作业：完成同步练习
答案
一、自主预习
1.举起，抬起 2.put forward 3.得出结论 4.a cloud of dangerous gas 5.收集信息 6.be determined to do sth.. 7.当受责备，对.....负责 8.instruct sb. to do sth. 9.与......相似 10.set out a new scientific idea 11.分析结果 12.be linked to 13.从......拿开（移走） 14.slow down
二、语篇解读
A 1.E 2.D 3.G 4.B 5.F 6.C 7.A
B 1-5 CCACD
三、知识探究
1.joined；attended；joined in；take part in
6.（1）What；conclude from 考查conclude from“从……得出结论”，本句是特殊疑问句，疑问词在句中充当的是conclude的宾语，所以应该填入疑问代词what。
（2）concluded his speech with 考查conclude…with…以……结束, concluded his speech with... “以……结束他的演讲”。
（3）In conclusion 考查in conclusion最后。
7.B 句意：旅游者中没有一个人注意到这个村民提出的建议,结果他们在森林中迷路了。A项“把……放在一边,忽视,存钱”, B项“提出”, C项“记下,放下, 使……下车”, D项“扑灭”。
10. beat/defeat win
11.treated cure
13.of having taken took the suspect
14.announce announcement
15.are
17.make was
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Unit 1 Great scientists Section Ⅰ 同步练习
I. 单词拼写
A根据本部分所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1．________(暴露)to so many advertisements, we can't help being persuaded to buy something we don't really need.
2．Has the government________(宣布) that they will build a new highway to the mountain
3．The babies are well________(照顾) in the popular nursery.
4．Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest________(挑战)faced by scientists today.
5．He________(结束) his speech with an interesting story.
6. The children are the helpless ________ (受害者) of the fighting.
7. The government has ________ (宣布) that public spending will be increased.
8. Unfortunately a big nose seems to be a family ________ (特征).
9. The clear reasons for the disaster are difficult to ________ (分析).
10．He works in a sports centre i______ people in the use of the gym equipment.
11．The army was well－trained and well－armed, and had little difficulty d______the enemy.
12．The drug is s______of causing over 200 deaths.
13．The doctor is well－known for having c______ some people of the deadly disease.
14．Those who can f______difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.
B 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．When I opened the door，I found my father sitting in his chair，completely________(absorb) in the humorous stories he was reading.
2．Emily felt very sad that she was suspected________providing false statements in court.
3．The professor is rich in knowledge and humorous，so we all like________________(attend) his lecture.
4．Although the medicine can cure you________your illness，it has a bad effect________you.
5．The researchers drew a________(conclude) from the study that regular family dinners helped improve the relationship between family members.
6．________(scientific) has taught us how atoms are made up.
7．Teaching young children is a________(challenge) job.
8．Please________(analysis) the case according to the fact.
9．I tried to follow her________(instruct)，but I got confused.
10．The talks are continuing，but no________(announce) are expected at this time.
Ⅱ. 完型填空
Perhaps forty years ago Sadie left her drunk and violent husband.Needing shelter for herself and her young son she took a 1 in a housing project for 2 people.
Eventually，she got to know the residents.One resident，Archie，didn't have a 3 of his own but his nephew's wife and her kids would 4 and help the old guy from time to time.
Sadie helped care for Archie as he battled 5 and it was she who called the doctor who diagnosed his cancer.
Time passed.Sadie's son grew up，got 6 and settled several hundred miles away.Sadie retired and 7 into a nice little home of her own.To 8 the loneliness she took in a series of 9 over the years.
Her current dog，Muffin，with a bad temper， 10 pulls at the end of his lead.So when a heavy fall of snow came a year and a half ago she was 11 when a neighbour offered to 12 the dog；just so she wouldn't be pulled off her feet and break a 13 .And each day he would spend a while talking to her，seeing if she was 14 ，checking if she needed anything.But in all the time she's known him，Sadie never really thought to wonder what his last 15 was.This morning she asked.His surname was the same as old Archie's.She was 16 to discover the man who had been “caring”for her for the past year and a half had been one of the little kids who used to 17 “Uncle Archie”and tramp mud up and down the stairs she had to 18 ．
She had cared for his family，now he was caring for her.Neither of them 19 it until that moment but they were living proof of the old saying，What goes around comes around，and the circle of 20 will not be broken!
1．A.seat B．job C．picture D．trip
2．A.elderly B．foreign C．young D．foolish
3．A.conductor B．hope C．family D．friend
4．A.look up B．get round C．pass by D．drop in
5．A.pollution B．illness C．danger D．trouble
6．A.married B．dressed C．accustomed D．lost
7．A.stepped B．settled C．broke D．looked
8．A.judge B．divide C．ease D．show
9．A.beggars B．cats C．children D．dogs
10．A.sometimes B．always C．seldom D．never
11．A.pleased B．Interested C．concerned D．determined
12．A.comfort B．train C．walk D．feed
13．A.promise B．secret C．door D．bone
14．A.busy B．patient C．okay D．quiet
15．A.name B．chance C．day D．work
16．A.worried B．surprised C．satisfied D．encouraged
17．A.invite B．protect C．support D．visit
18．A.count B．climb C．build D．clean
19．A.cut B．gave C．knew D．picked
20．A.kindness B．knowledge C．power D．courage
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Thirteen can be a challenging age. Not only did I have to adapt to my changing body, but I also had to deal with my parents' bitter divorce, a new family and the upsetting move from my country home to a crowded town.
When we moved, my beloved companion, a small brown pony had to be sold. I was heartbroken and terribly lonely. I couldn't eat or sleep and cried all the time. Finally, realizing how much I missed my pony, my father bought me another horse, Cowboy.
Cowboy was without doubt the ugliest horse in the world. But I didn't care. I loved him beyond all reasons.
I joined a riding club. When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse was judged by appearance, we were quickly “shown the gate”. I knew nothing could turn Cowboy into a beauty. My only chance to compete would be in the timed speed events. I chose the jumping race.
For the whole next month we practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home, totally exhausted.
All of our hard work didn't make me feel confident by the time the show came. One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. I sat at the gate and sweated all out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the court and finish in first place.
My turn finally came. At the signal, we dashed toward the first fence, jumped over it without trouble and raced on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line.
No cheers filled the air. The end of our run was met with surprising silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by two seconds.
I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds are, I'd always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it. I can be the owner of my fate.
1．Why did the author like Cowboy so much in spite of its ugliness
A．Because she loved horses more than anything else.
B．Because Cowboy was a strong and smart young horse.
C．Because Cowboy had a lot in common with her pony.
D．Because she was sad and lonely and needed a companion.
2．The audience fell into silence at the end of the run probably because ________.
A．they didn't expect Cowboy would win the event
B．they were unhappy that Becky was beaten in the event
C．they didn't like Cowboy, for it was too ugly
D．they never saw a horse running as fast as Cowboy
3．After the competition, the author came to realize that ________.
A．she ought to gather the courage to solve all the problems
B．it was time to forget her pony and treat Cowboy better
C．she needed to work harder to win more blue ribbons
D．she could be the god of her own fate if she tried hard enough
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．all of their hard training was totally in vain
B．a blue ribbon must be the second highest prize
C．Cowboy lost in the events of being judged by appearance
D．both Becky and the author won the jumping event
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1. (build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2. most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their3. (able)to “air condition”a house without 4. (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5. (slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6. (cool) the house during the hot day；7. the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8. (go)day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9. (nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10. thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
1．____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________
6．____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________
答案
I. 单词拼写
A 1.Exposed 2.announced 3.attended 4.challenges 5．concluded 6. victims 7. announced 8. characteristic 9. analyse 10.instructing 11.defeating 12.suspected 13．cured 14.foresee
B 1.absorbed 2.of 3.to attend 4.of；on 5.conclusion 6.Science 7.challenging
8.analyse 9.instructions 10.announcement
Ⅱ. 完型填空
【语篇解读】 四十年以前萨迪在贫困潦倒时到一家养老院工作，在那里结识了一位孤寡老人。萨迪给予了老人无微不至地关怀，而四十年后，老人的侄子又帮助了萨迪，爱心得到了传递。
1.【解析】 联系空前的“Needing shelter for herself and her young son”可知，她在一家养老院找到了一份工作以解决衣食居住问题。
【答案】 B
2.【解析】 联系下文的“help the old guy from time to time”可知，这是一家专门为老年人服务的机构。
【答案】 A
【答案】 A
7.【解析】 联系空后的“a nice little home of her own”可知，萨迪退休了，她一个人住在一间小房子里。
【答案】 B
8.【解析】 联系空后的“the loneliness”以及她养狗可知，为了缓解孤独感，几年来她连续养了几只狗。
【答案】 C
9.【解析】 联系下文“Her current dog”可知，她养了几只狗。
【答案】 D
10.【解析】 由本空前“with a bad temper”可知，她现在的这条狗总是撒野，拖拽主人。
【答案】 B
11.【解析】 联系上下文可知，萨迪现在的这条狗很凶猛，一年半前的一场大雪后，当有人提出帮她遛狗的时候，她应该很高兴。
【答案】 A
12.【解析】 walk the dog“遛狗”，为固定表达。
【答案】 C
18.【解析】 联系空前的“tramp mud up and down the stairs”可知，他们那个时候经常把她负责打扫的楼梯踩脏。
【答案】 D
19.【解析】 直到那一刻，两个人才知道他们是互相帮助，这真应了那句话“善有善报”。
【答案】 C
20.【解析】 通读全文可知，文章讲一种善举——帮助他人。这种善举永远不会终止。
【答案】 A
Ⅲ.阅读理解
年仅13岁的作者承受着家庭的变故且失去了自己心爱的小马，她感到痛苦、孤独。后来，父亲又给她买了一匹马Cowboy，它虽长得丑却给作者带来了许多安慰。在一场比赛中作者明白：只要努力奋斗，每个人都可以主宰自己的命运。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，13岁的作者承受着家庭的变故；第二段中介绍作者失去棕色的小矮种马后的伤心与孤独，由此可推知，尽管父亲给她新买的马Cowboy很丑，她还是喜欢有它的陪伴，故选择D项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人修建的土坯房，这些房子白天吸收热量，晚上释放热量，从而使得房间内的温度适宜。这些房子让现在的建筑师和工程师都赞叹不已。
1．built 考查过去分词用法。由谓语动词are admired可知此处填非谓语动词，adobe dwellings与build是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
2．the 考查冠词用法。根据句意可知此处为形容词最高级，故应该在most前加the。
3．ability 考查词性转换之形容词变为名词。空格前的their是形容词性物主代词，其后应该接名词。
9．natural 考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。结合空格后的architects可知应该用形容词作定语，修饰名词，因此填natural。
10．how 考查连词用法及理解语境的能力。空格后面的thick是一个形容词，填how引导宾语从句，从句作figured out的宾语。
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Unit 1 Great scientists
人教新课标版 必修五
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There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them What kind of role do they play in the field of science Do these achievements have anything in common Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.
教学目标
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
inventors
inventions
Who is he
He is …
Archimedes
Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float
教学目标
Charles Darwin.
Who is he
He is …
Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed
Thomas Newcomen.
Who is he
He is …
Who invented the first steam engine
Gregor Mendel
Who is he
He is …
Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children
Marie Curie
Who is he
She is …
Who discovered radium
Thomas Edison
Who is he
He is …
Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities
Leonardo da Vinci
Who is he
He is …
Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people
Humphry Davy
Who is he
He is …
Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground
Stephen Hawking
Who is he
He is …
Who put forward a theory about black holes
What’s the main idea
The text is mainly about how John Snow defeated a deadly disease—________.
cholera
1．What inspired John Snow according to the first paragraph
A．Being Queen Victoria’s personal physician.
B．Finding where cholera happened.
C．Helping ordinary people who suffered from cholera.
D．He was an expert.
2．What’s the use of John Snow’s map in his research
A．To help him find the number of dead people.
B．To help him not lose his way.
C．To help him find the reason of the cholera outbreak.
D．To help him where the cholera happened.
3．Another title of the text might be________.
A．John Snow and cholera
B．The discovery of cholera
C．John Snow：a great scientist
D．The reason of cholera
4．From the first paragraph，we can learn that John Snow________.
A．was the only doctor to be interested in medical research
B．liked to make friends with famous people
C．showed much concern for ordinary people’s safety
D．didn’t hold much hope for finding out the cause of the disease
5．According to the passage，we can learn that________will play a great part in carrying out research successfully.
A．people’s support
B．the previous experience
C．money
D．proper methods
To prove a new scientific idea, seven stages are needed. Read the text (P2-3) carefully and fill in the blanks.
Stage 1 Find a problem Thousands of people died of cholera, but nobody knew the 1. ______ of the serious disease.
Stage 2 Make a question ◆ Theory one: Cholera 2. __________ in the air and floated around until it found its victims.
◆ Theory two: When people 3. _________ cholera into their bodies with meals, their bodies were attacked.
absorbed
multiplied
cholera
Stage 3 Think of a method Began to gather information to 4. _______ that the second theory was correct.
Stage 4 Collect results Marked where the dead people had lived on a(n) 5. ______.
Stage 5 Analyse the results Looked into the 6. _______ of the water to see if the problem was the water.
map
prove
source
Broad Street
Many deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
The water from the pump was to blame.
Public house
Stage 6 Find supporting evidence Found supporting evidence from two other deaths: Both of them died of cholera after 7. ___________________.
Stage 7 Draw a conclusion ◆ 8. _______________
carried the virus.
◆ All the water supplies
should be 9. _________.
drinking the water
Polluted water
examined
Draw a conclusion 得出结论
1.
拓展
(1)conclusion n.结论；结束
reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
(2)conclude v.结束；推断出，断定
to conclude/in conclusion 总之，最后
conclude...from...从……中推断出……
conclude (from sth.) that...(从某事中)推断出……；(从某事中)断定……
conclude sth.with.../by doing...以……结束
单句语法填空
①We drew a (conclude)that the room must have been empty then.
②He concluded his speech a famous saying.
③ conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
conclusion
with
In
JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”
2.
拓展
defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败
辨析 defeat/beat/win
(1)defeat和beat后都接sb.作宾语。在游戏和比赛中常用beat，侧重于比赛中击败对手；defeat既可以指比赛，又可以指战场上战胜对手。
(2)win后接比赛、辩论、战斗、奖品等名词，表示荣获，赢得。
用defeat，beat，win的正确形式填空
(1)We their team by ten points.
(2)Jack the race at last.
(3)In that battle，our soldiers the enemy.
(4)At the school sports meeting，my class
Class 3 and the basketball match.
beat/defeated
won
defeated
defeated/beat
won
John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
3.
拓展
attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
attend to sb./sth.照顾，照料；处理；注意，专心
attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听报告/上学
辨析 attend/join/join in/take part in
(1)attend用来表示“出席，参加(会议、讲座、婚礼等)，也指去听报告。
(2)join表示参加某一团体，并作为其中一个成员。如：入党、入团和参军等；如果后接人，则表示参加某人的活动。
(3)join in 后接活动，强调与他人一起参与某一活动。
(4)take part in 后接活动，尤指多人参加的群众性大型活动。
用attend，join，join in，take part in的正确形式填空
①My father a revolutionary organization in 1938.
②Why didn’t you the talk last night
③We social activities during the coming summer vacation.
④He an important meeting tomorrow.
joined
join in
will take part in
will attend
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
4.
拓展
cure n.治愈；痊愈；治疗方法；对策；vt.治愈；治疗；纠正/去除(弊端等)
a cure for...……的治愈方法
cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为
辨析 cure/treat
(1)cure意为“治愈”，侧重“治愈”的结果，可构成cure sb.of sth.结构；常指治疗疾病、痛苦或革除恶习、弊害等。
(2)treat意为“治疗”，强调“治疗”的动作，可构成treat sb.for sth.。
(1)用所给词的正确形式填空
90% of patients can (cure)of the disease.
(2)单句改错
The old professor cured him for his cancer. ______________________
be cured
cured→treated或for→of
The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
5.
拓展
absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；理解，掌握；使并入，吞并
be absorbed in专心致志于
be absorbed into/by被吸收；被合并
absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意
单句语法填空
①Judy sat at the table， (absorb) in her book.
②More and more newspapers are being absorbed
the Murdoch empire.
absorbed
into
John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
6.
拓展
suspect vt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
suspect that...怀疑……，认为……
suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect sb.to be...认为某人是……
(1)用适当的介词填空
The policeman suspected him killing the girl.
(2)句型转换
I suspect him to be the pickpocket.
＝I he is the pickpocket.
of
suspect that
It seemed that the water was to blame.
7.
拓展
blame vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备
be to blame (for sth.)对(某事)负有责任，应受责备
blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人
(1)单句语法填空
①We blamed him his carelessness.
②It’s all my fault.I’m (blame).
(2)单句改错
The police are blaming the accident for dangerous driving. _______
for
to blame
for→on
With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.
8.
拓展
(1)announce vt.宣布；通告
announce sth.to sb.向某人宣告某事
announce that...宣布……
It is announced that...据宣布……
(2)announcement n.通知；公告；宣告
make an announcement下通知；宣布
辨析 announce/declare
(1)announce 多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。
(2)declare 一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣称”之意。
用announce，declare的正确形式填空
①It was by the government that these small coal mines will be closed.
②Everyone was silent as he the winner of the competition.
③They that she would give one extra song.
declared
announced
announced
Who put forward a theory about black holes
9.
拓展
put forward 提出；推荐；拨快；将……提前
put down写下；放下；镇压
put off推迟，延期
put out熄灭，扑灭；生产
put up张贴；搭起，建起；留某人过夜
put up with忍受
写出下列句中put forward的含义
①I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV.________
②You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.________
③They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week._________________
提出
拨快
将……提前
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)—Why is he feeling down today
—Because the suggestion he put has been turned down.
(2)Don’t put until tomorrow what can be done today.
(3)The firefighters spent three hours putting the big fire.
forward
off
out
(4)Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put almost every word her teacher says.
(5)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting ___ at a hotel for the night.
down
up
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
10.
拓展
be exposed to 暴露于；感染
expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
expose...to...使显露；暴露
单句语法填空
(1) (expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
(2)We want to expose the kids as much art and culture as possible.
Being exposed
to
Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.
拓展
look into调查，审查
look on 观看，面向，旁观，看待
look over 从……上面看，察看，检查
look round 环顾，观光，察看
11.
look up 向上看，尊敬，仰望，查寻
look up and down 仔细打量(某人)
look up to 尊敬，仰望
look out 当心，留神，看守
look after 目送，寻求，照顾，关心
look back 回顾，倒退
look through 看穿，审核，浏览，温习，从……中显露
用look短语填空
(1)They have ___________ the cause of the accident, but the result is still not known to us.
(2)—Look _____！The light is still on.
—It doesn't matter.I wear rubber gloves.
(3)I often ________ the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
looked into
out
look up
So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
12.
拓展
every time是名词短语，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……时”。
除此之外，each time，any time，the first time，last time，next time, immediately，the moment，directly，instantly和every time的用法一样，作连词，引导时间状语从句。
单句改错
(1)Every time he meet me，he always nods to me ___________
(2)I will give the letter to him immediate I see him.
______________________
meet→meets
immediate→immediately
A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
13.
拓展
have sth.done在此表示让别人做某事，也可表示遭遇某事，或只表示某事被做过或做完的状态。
have sb./sth.doing...使……一直做……
won’t/can’t have sb.doing sth.不能容忍某人做某事
have sth.to do 有事情要做
have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
用所给词的正确形式填空
①Who will you have (finish) the important work
②The secretary had to work at night because he had a report _______(write) for his boss.
③What are you going to have (repair)
④They were so frightened that they had the light
(burn) the whole night.
finish
to write
repaired
burning
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.
该句为复合句，that引导 从句，修饰先行词 ;how引导 。
定语
theories
宾语从句
14.
The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
suggest作“ ”讲，其后所跟的宾语从句用 。
To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
suggest作“ ”讲，其后所跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词用“ ”。
建议
(should＋)动词原形
暗示，表明
陈述语气
15.
教学目标
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Who will you have________(finish) the important work
2．I won’t have my students________(come) late to class.
3．What are you going to have________(repair)
finish
coming
repaired
4．They were so frightened that they had the light________(burn) the whole night.
5．The secretary had to work at night because he had a report________(write) for his boss.
6．They might just have a place________(leave) on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try
burning
to write
left
7．Her pale face suggested that she________(be) badly ill and I suggested she________________(send) to hospital without delay.
8．Neither I nor Jane and Mary________(be) tired of having one examination after another.
was
(should) be sent
are
教学目标
We have learned some famous scientists and their contributions and the reading skill of getting the main idea of each paragraph. I hope you can use it in your reading.
谢 谢！
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