初三复习材料常用动词惯用方法（含答案）

常用动词习惯用法
allow
sb
to
do
sth
允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式）
My
father
allowed
me
to
go
out
for
a
walk
after
finishing
my
homework.
asked
sb
(not)
to
do
sth
叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）
My
father
asked
me
to
study
hard.
He
asked
me
not
to
swim
alone.
be
asked
to
do
sth
被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I
was
asked
to
have
a
dinner
with
them
yesterday.
be
afraid
to
do
sth
害怕做某事
She
is
afraid
to
ask
me
questions.
be
afaid
of
doing
sth
害怕做某事
I
am
afraid
of
going
out
at
night.
be
afaid
of
sth
害怕某物
He
is
afraid
of
snakes.
be
amazed
to
do
sth
对做某事感到惊讶
He
was
amazed
to
meet
the
girl
there.
be
amazed
at
sth
对某事感到惊讶
they
were
amazed
at
the
news.
be
busy
doing/with
sth
忙于做某事（常考）
e.g:
I
was
busy
washing
my
car
at
that
time.
那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。
I
am
busy
with
my
work.
be
coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来）
the
bus
is
coming/the
dog
is
dying.
be
excited
to
do
sth
对做……感到兴奋
Jacky
was
excited
to
travel
there
by
plane.
be
excited
at
sth
Lily
was
excited
at
his
words.
be
excited
about
doing
sth
he
was
excited
about
passing
the
exam
without
going
overing
books.
be
frightened
to
do
sth
害怕去做某事
Sam
is
frightened
to
ride
a
horse.
be
glad/happy
to
do
sth
高兴去做某事
she
is
happy
to
clean
the
blackboard
with
me.
be
pleased
to
do
sth高兴做某事
she
was
pleased
to
help
the
old
man
yesterday.
be
pleased
with
sth
对某事感到高兴/满意
the
teacher
was
pleased
with
my
answer.
be
interested
in
sth/doing
sth
对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣
she
is
interested
in
swimming
in
the
river.
My
btother
is
interested
in
Chinese.
13.
be/get
ready
for/to
do
sth
Be
ready
for
sth
为某事做好了准备
We
are
ready
for
the
exam.
Be
ready
to
do
sth
为做某事做好了准备
We
are
ready
to
have
a
birthday
party
for
her.
get
ready
for
sth为某事在做准备
We
are
getting
ready
for
the
exam.
get
ready
for
sth
为做某事而做准备
be
sorry
to
do
sth
对做某事感到抱歉
be
surprised
to
do
sth
对做某事感到惊奇
be
surprised
at
sth
对某事感到惊奇
be
worth
doing
sth
值得做某事（worth
后接动词-ing形式，常考）
begin
to
do
sth
begin/start
to
do/doing
sth
can/be
able
to
afford
(to
buy)
sth
有能力购买（供）……
can/may/must
do
sth
could/would/should/might
do
sth
can’t
wait
to
do
sth
迫不急待地去做某事
decide
to
do
sth
决定去做某事
make
up
one’s
mind
to
do
sth
下决心去做某事（常考）
make
a
decision
to
do
sth
对做某事作出决定
deserve
to
do
sth
值得/应该做……
encourage
sb
to
do
sth
鼓励某人去做某事
enjoy
doing
sth
乐意去做某事
expect
(sb)
to
do
sth
期望去做某事
fail
to
do
sth
做某事失败
succeed
doing
sth
成功做了某事
finish
doing
sth
做完某事（后接动词-ing形式）（常考）
follow
sb
to
do
sth
跟随某人去做某事
get
sb
to
do
sth
make
sb
do
sth
let
sb
do
sth
get/have
a
chance
to
do
sth
得到一个做某事的机会
give/pass/show/lend/sell
sb
sth/sth
to
sb
buy/get/bring
sb
sth/sth
for
sb
go
on
to
do
sth
继续做事（常考）
go
on
doing
sth
继续做事（常考）
hate
to
do/doing
sth
讨厌/不喜欢做某事
have
fun
doing
sth
have
problems
doing
sth
做某事遇到困难
have
sb
do
sth
have
sth
done
have
sth
to
do
工有事要做
hear
sb
do
sth
听到某人做某事（后接动词原形，常考）
hear
sb
doing
sth
听到某人正在做某事（常见）
help
to
do
sth
帮忙做某事
help
sb
(to)
do
sth
帮助某人做某事
hope/wish
to
do
sth
希望做某事
wish
sb
to
do
sth
希望某人做某事
I
t
seems
that
这像是……（后接从句）
seem
to
do
sth
seem
+adj
It’s
+
adj+(for
sb)
to
do
sth
.
It’s+adj
+(of
sb)
to
do
sth
e.g:
It’s
glad
for
him
to
hear
the
news.
It
takes
sb
some
time/money
to
do
sth
.
花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
pay
…for…
cost
spend…on…..
it
take
…to
do
sth
It’s
best
for
sb
to
do
sth.
对某人来说做某事是最好的
had
better
do
sth
最好做某事（注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形）
It’s
time
for
sb
to
do
sth
是某人做某事的时候了
keep
(on)doing
sth
坚持做某事（常考）
keep
sb
doing
sth
让某人做某事（常考）
keep
sb
from
doing
sth
阻止某人做某事（常考）
keep
sb/sth
+adj
keep
the
book
for
2
days
借这本书两天（不要用borrow或lend）
learn
to
do
sth
学做某事
learn
sth
from
sb
向某人学习
like
to
do/doing
sth
喜欢做某事
like
sb
to
do
sth
喜欢某人做某事
need
to
do
sth
need
doing
sth/to
be
done
need
sth
needn’t
do
sth
prefer
to
do
sth
rather
than
do
sth
宁愿……而不愿……（常考）
prefer
doing
sth
to
doing
sth
喜欢做……胜过做……
e.g:
I
prefer
reading
books
to
going
shopping.
比起购物来，我更爱读书。
prefer
to
do
sth
喜欢（爱）做某事
refuse
to
do
sth
拒绝做……
remember/forget
to
do
sth
记得/忘记做某事
remember/forget
doing
sth
记得/忘记做过某事
see
sb
do
sth
看见某人做某事（结果）
see
sb
doing
sth
看见某人正在做某事（正在进行中）
be
seen
to
do
sth
做某事被看见
something
to
eat/drink
一些吃/喝的东西（词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词）
e.g:
I
need
something
to
eat.
我要一些吃的东西。
spend
some
time
(in)doing
sth
/on
sth
花费时间做某事（注意动词要用ing形式）（常考）
spend
some
money
on
sth/doing
sth
买……花了多少钱
Sth
is
hard/difficult/easy
to
do
.
做好某事很难/容易
stop
to
do
sth
停下来去某事（两件事）（常考）
stop
doing
sth
停止做某事
（一件事）（常考）
stop
sb
(from)
doing
sth
阻止某人做某事（常考）
take
turns
to
do
sth
轮流做……
tell
sb
(not)
to
do
sth
叫某人去（不要）做某事
be
told
to
do
sth
被告知不要做某事
There
is
no
need
(for
sb)
to
do
sth
对某人来说没必要做某事
There
is
no
time
(for
sb
)
to
do
sth
have
no
time
to
do
sth
没时间做某事
too…(for
sb)
to
…太……以致不能……
so…
that…
not…
enough
to
do
e.g:
The
boy
is
too
young
to
go
to
school.
那男孩太小了以致不能上学。
try/do
one’s
best
to
do
sth
尽力去做某事
try
to
do
sth
试着（图）做某事
used
to
do
sth
过去常做某事(
used
to
be
+
adj/a
+n)
e.g:
Mr
wang
used
to
be
a
teacher
worker.
王先生过去是一位工人。
I
used
to
live
in
the
country.
过去我住在农村。
want/would
like
to
do
sth
想做……
want/would
like
sb
to
do
sth
想某人做……
feel
like
doing
sth
喜爱做某事（注意like后接动词ing形式）
warn
sb
(not)
to
do
sth
警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）
Why
don’t
you
do
sth

Why
not
do
sth

表示建议的句型还有：What
How
about…… （如果是动词，要用ing形式）
Shall
we……
Would
you
like
(sb)
to
do
sth
Yes,
I’d
love
to
.
Would
you
mind
doing
sth

你介意做某事吗？
Never
mind/Not
at
all/of
course
not/certainly
not
.
（从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了）
Would
you
please
(not)
do
sth
你可不可以不做……？
finish
doing
sth
enjoy
doing
sth
practise
doing
sth
be
good
at
doing
sth
be
good
at
doing
sth
thank
you
for
doing
sth
stop
doing
sth
be
good
at
doing
sth
give
up
doing
sth
mind
doing
sth
stop
sb
from
doing
sth
go
on
doing
sth
be
busy
doing
sth
see/hear/watch
sb
doing
sth
feel
like
doing
sth
hate
doing
sth
like
doing
sth
do
well
in
doing
sth
be
afraid
of
doing
sth
be
interested
in
doing
sth
make
a
contribution
to
sth/doing
sth
非延续性动词(终止性动词)
1.buy---have(has)had
2.borrow---have(has)kept
3.leave---have(has)been
away
4.go
---have(has)been
away/in…
5.come
---have(has)here/in…
6.die
---have(has)been
dead
7.join---have(has)been
a
member
of/in…
8.begin---have(has)on
8.stop---have(has)been
over
example:
他的狗死了3天了.:
His
dog
has
been
dead
for
three
days.
It
is
three
days
since
his
dog
died.
His
dog
died
three
days
ago.
感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watch
sb
do
sth
或
2.
hear/see/watch
sb
doing
sth
We
often
hear
him
sing
the
song.
I
saw
him
swimming
in
the
river
just
now.
被动语态带to:
He
is
often
heard
to
sing
the
song.
役使动词:
(主动语态不带to)
make/let
sb
do
sth.
His
father
often
makes
him
do
this
and
that.
被动语态带to:
He
is
often
made
to
do
this
and
that
by
his
father.
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,
work,
stand,
lie,
know,
walk,
keep,
have,
wait,
watch,
sing,
read,
sleep,
live,
stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for
2
years;
since从句,since
he
came
here;
since+时间点名词,since
last
year,
since
5
days
ago;
how
long;
for
a
long
time等。
例:He
has
lived
here
for
6
years.
You
can
keep
the
book
for
5
days.
I
stayed
there
for
2
weeks
last
year.
How
long
did
you
stay
there
last
year
二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open,
die,
close,
begin,
finish,
come,
go,
move,
borrow,
lend,
buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two
years
ago;
at
5
o'clock;
例:He
died
5
years
ago.
否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I
haven't
left
here
for
3
years.
I
haven't
heard
from
him
for
3
weeks.
三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave
---
be
away,
borrow
---
keep,
buy
---
have,
begin/start
---
be
on,
die
---
be
dead,
finish
---
be
over,
join
---
be
in+组织机构,
be
a
member
of+组织机构,
open
sth
---
keep
sth
open,
fall
ill
---
be
ill,
get
up---be
up,
catch
a
cold
---
have
a
cold,
come
here
---
be
here,
go
there
---
be
there,
become
---
be,
come
back
---
be
back,
fall
asleep
---
be
asleep,
get
to/
arrive/reach
---
be
(in),
leave
---
be
away
from,
get
to
know
---
know,
go
(get)
out
→be
out，
put
on→
wear；catch
a
cold
→have
a
cold等。
例:The
old
man
died
4
years
ago.
----The
old
man
has
been
dead
for
4
years.
----
It
is
4
years
since
the
old
man
died.
----Four
years
has
passed
since
the
old
man
died.
He
joined
the
Party
2
years
ago.
-----He
has
been
in
the
Party
for
2
years.
I
bought
the
book
5
days
ago.
----
I
have
had
the
book
for
5
days.
补充练习：
When
he
arrived
at
the
bus
stop,
the
bus
________
for
20
minutes.
A.
has
left
B.
had
left
C.
has
been
away
D.
had
been
away
2.
I
______
the
League
for
5
years
so
far.
A.
joined
B.
have
joined
C.
have
been
in
The
factory
________
since
the
February
of
1988.
A
.
has
been
open
B.
has
opened
C.
was
open
D.
opened
Mary
and
Rose
_______friends
since
they
met
in
2000.
A.
have
made
B.
have
been
C.
made
D.
have
become
5.You
mustn't
________
until
he
comes
back.
A.
be
away
B.
leave
C.
be
left
6.The
meeting
_______
for
a
week
now.
A.
has
finished
B.
has
ended
C.
has
been
over
7.Miss
Gao
______
this
school
for
nearly
5
years.
A.
has
been
in
B.
has
come
to
C.
has
taught
8.Ben
______
a
teacher
for
4
years
.
A.
has
been
B.
has
become
C.
was
D.
became
9.
I
______
home
for
a
week.
A.
have
returned
B.
have
been
back
C.
returned
10.
How
long
_______
he
________

A.
died
B.
has,
died
C.
has,
been
dead
11.
He
______
at
eight
yesterday
afternoon.
A.
slept
B.
was
sleeping
C.
has
sleep
D.
had
slept
12.He
________
the
car
for
a
week.
A.
bought
B.
has
bought
C.
has
had
13.-----How
long
_____
you
_____
ill

-----Two
weeks.
A.
did
fall
B.
have,
fell
C.
have,
been
14.Since
2000,
he
_____
his
hometown.
A.
has
left
B.
has
moved
away
C.
has
been
away
from
15.I'll
lend
you
the
book
,
but
you
can
only
_____
it
for
2
days.
A.
borrow
B.
keep
C.
take
16.The
bus
______
on
the
road
for
2
hours
so
far.
A.
has
stopped
B.
stopped
C.
has
been
17.Are
you
_____
the
jacket
these
days
A.
wearing
B.
putting
on
C.
dressing
D.
on
18.He
________
foe
2
hours.
A.
got
up
B.
has
got
up
C.
has
been
up
19.
Tom
is
ill
in
hospital.
He
_______
a
cold
for
several
days.
A.
is
B.
catches
C.
has
caught
D.
has
had
20.-----
How
long
can
I
______
the
book
------
Two
weeks.
A.
borrow
B.
lend
C.
get
D.
keep
Key:
1---5
D
C
A
B
B;
6---10
C
A
A
B
C;
11---15
B
C
C
C
B;
16---20
C
A
C
D
D
宾语从句
专项练习
Ⅰ
.选择正确答案完成下列宾语从句。
(D)
1
.The
children
said
they
themselves
very
much
.
A
.if
,enjoy
B
.why
,enjoyed
C
.what
,enjoy
D
.that
,enjoyed
(C
)2
.I
don’t
think
I
out
the
problem
.
A
.if
,
can
work
B
.how
,
will
work
C
.that
,
can
work
D
.when
,
will
work
(
A
)3
.She
is
afraid担心
he
cold
at
night
.
be
afraid
that…担心……be
afraid
of……害怕……
catch
cold感冒
have
a
cold
感冒（一种状态）
A
.that
,
will
catch
B
.that
,
catches
C
.whether
,
will
catch
D
.if
,
catches
(
B
)
4
.We
are
sure(肯定的)
he
to
speak
French（法语）
well
.
Sure/certain
肯定的。be
sure/certain
that……
I’m
sure(certain)
that
he
will
come
tonight.
A
.that
,
learned
B
.that
,
has
learned
C
.if
,
learned
D
.if
,has
learned
(
C
)
5
.The
boy
asked
I
any
noise(噪音)
from
outside
.
Whether……(or
not
)是否
whether
=if.
A
.when
,
heard
B
.why
,
had
heard
C
.whether(=if)
,
had
heard(hear听见)
D
.what
,heard
(
D
)
6
.Who
can
tell
us
about
over
there

在宾语从句中，从句中要用陈述语序。
A
.what
they
talk
B
.what
do
they
talk
C
.what
are
they
talking
D
.what
they
are
talking
(
A
)7
.We
couldn’t
find
out（找出）
,so
we
asked
a
policeman
.
对谁的某样东西提问，句式：whose
cat
is
it
变为陈述语序：whose
cat
it
is.
A
.whose
bike
it
was
B
.whose
bike
was
it
C
.whose
it
was
bike
D
.whose
was
it
bike
(C
)
8
.Do
you
know
take
to
get
to
the
hospital

get
to
，
arrive
at/in
，reach
+地点
表示到达
对哪一个提问，句式：which
book
is
it
变为陈述句：which
book
it
is.
A
.which
way
must
we
B
.which
must
we
way
C
.which
way
we
must
D
.which
we
must
way
(D)
9
.Tom
asked
to
school
late.
A
.who
did
often
come
B
.who
often
did
come
C
.who
often
come
D
.who
often
came
(B
)10
.I
don’t
remember
the
boy
by
himself
.
leave
sb.
by
oneself.留下某人，使他独自一人
A
.why
did
she
leave
B
.why
she
left
C
.why
had
she
left
D
.why
she
had
left
(
A)11
.Have
you
forgotten（忘记）
when
he
died

A
.how
old
he
was
B
.how
old
was
he
C
.what
did
he
say
D
.what
he
did
say
对某人年龄提问：how
old
are
you
(
c
)12
.Nobody
knows
to
visit
our
school
.
A
.when
will
he
come
B
.when
does
he
come
C
.when
he
will
come
D
.when
he
does
come
(
D
)13
.Please
tell
us
to
the
science
museum(科学博物馆)
.
A
.how
can
we
reach
B
.how
we
can
reach
C
.how
can
we
get
D
.how
we
can
get
(A
)
14
.Don’t
you
believe
to
the
moon
by
spaceship

Don’t
you
know/believe
难道你不知道/相信
A
.that
man
did
fly
B
.how
did
man
fly
C
.if
man
fly
D
.whether
man
fly
(B
)15
.I
don’t
know
.
对某人怎么了提问：What’s
the
matter
with
sb
某人怎么了？
陈述语序：what
the
matter
is
with
sb.
A
.what
is
the
matter
with
him
B
.what
the
matter
is
with
him
C
.what
with
him
the
matter
is
D
.what
the
matter
with
him
is
(
A
)16
.He
doesn’t
tell
me
if
he
.If
he
.I’ll
telephone
(打电话给……)you
.
A
.will
come,
comes
B
.will
come,
will
come
es,
will
come
es,
comes
Ⅱ
.选择括号内正确的关联词语填空。
(
A
)1
.I
wonder(奇怪)
he
asked
such
a
silly
（愚蠢的）question
in
public
.A
.how
B
.why
(A)
2
.
(do
you
think你认为)
will
teach
us
maths
next
term
A
.Who
B.Whom
(
A
)3
.Are
you
sure
A
.that
she
is
honest
B
.she
is
honest
(
A
)4
.He
you
are
not
going
to
Shanghai
.
A
.is
surprised（惊奇的）
that
B
.surprised
that
(
A
)5
.He
often
thinks
of
（想）
he
can
do
for
all
the
others
.
A
.what
B
.which
(
A
)6
.He
made
he
wouldn’t
change
his
mind
.
Change
one’s
mind
改变某人的主意make
it
(quite
)clear
that
清楚的表明……
A
it
quite
clear
that
B
.that
quite
clear
(
B
)7
.I
don’t
think
.A
.it
that
he
came
to
the
concert
true
B
.it
true(真的)
that
he
came
to
the
concert（音乐会）
(
B)8
.Do
you
know
what
time
A
.begins
the
football
match
B
.the
football
match
begins
(
B
)9
.Ask
him
how
much
.A
.it
cost
B
.it
costed
How
much
1对价格提问，2对不可数名词的数量提问。
How
many对可数名词数量提问
(
B
)10
.She
asked
me
to
build
the
hospital
.
It
takes
sb.
Some
time
to
do
sth.
做某事花了某人多少时间。
例It
takes
me
2
hours
to
do
the
homework.
Sb.
Spend(花费)
some
time
(in)
doing
sth./on
sth.
例I
spend
2
hours
doing
my
homework/on
my
homework.
How
long
对时间长短提问。How
long
does
it
take
to
do

A
.how
long
it
was
taken
B
.how
long
it
had
taken
(A
)11
.Tom
killed
(杀)the
dog
.I’ll
ask
him
why
.A
.he
did
that
B
.did
he
do
that
(
B
)12
.Please
tell
me
where
from
.A
.do
you
come
B
.you
come
(
B
)13
.In
the
story(故事)
he
wrote
down
.
A
.what
had
been
happened
B
.what
had
happened
to
him
(A)
14
.He
told
me
that
I
better
take
a
taxi
.A
.had
B
.should
have
Had
better
do
sth.
最好做某事……
(A)
15
.I
want
to
know
who
painting
.A
.likes
B
.like
(B)
16
.Father
asked
.
A
.what
was
wrong
with
me
B
.what
wrong
is
with
me
(
B
)17
.He
asked
me
if
.A
.the
train
will
arrive
lately(最新的)
B
.the
train
always
arrived
late（迟到）
开始去做某事
让某人做某事（后接动词原形）
让某人做某事（后接动词原形）
需要做某事
（常考）
为什么不……（表建议的句型，注意用动词原形）