中考专题复习课件：被动语态

课件17张PPT。被动语态The Passive Voice(中考链接)The jacket of wool. (make)
It for keeping warm.(use)
It in Guangzhou.(make)Please complete the sentences.is madeis madeis used●主动语态和被动语态：
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语动作的承受者。如：被动语态（The Passive Voice）eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句).
A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。●构成：be + Vt.PP（过去分词）【考例1】．The Olympic Games _________every four years. [南京市]
A ． are held B ． were held
C．are holding D．will hold
【考例2】 Today Chinese _____by more and more people around the world. （ 南通市）
A. was spoken B. is spoken
C. spoke D. speak
【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构●一般现在时的被动语态
表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时，用一般现在时的被动语态。其构成为：am／is／are+Vt.PPAB【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构【考例3】一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?
一Yes．In fact，it ________.That‘s all because of the people and the factories around．[盐城]
A． polluted B． was polluted
C． has polluted D． was pollute
【考例4】 Many trees and flowers ________ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden．(南京)
A．plant B．planted
C．have planted D．were planted●一般过去时的被动语态
表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态。其结构为 ：was／were+Vt.PPBD【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构【考例5】Some famous paintings _______in the hall next week. [淮安市]
A. will show B. were shown
C. is shown D. will be shown
【考例6】 A talk on developments in science and technology ________ in the school hall next week .
A. given B. will be given
C. has been given D. gives （徐州市）●一般将来时的被动语态
表示从现在看将来发生的被动动作，用一般将来时的被动语态。其结构为: will／shall be+Vt.PP或am／is／are going to be+Vt.PPDB【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构【考例7】 China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _____ Goodwill Ambassadors（亲善大使）for Shanghai.
A. has been named B. have been named
C. has named D. have named
（2006江苏徐州）
【考例8】 My English book ________. I can’t lend it to you. （连云港）
A. has been lost B. was lost
C. has lost D. lostBA●现在完成时的被动语态
表示在过去某个时候发生的被动动作一直延续到现在，且该动作的结果对现在造成影响，此时用现在完成时的被动语态。其结构为： have／has been+Vt.PP【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构●含有情态动词的被动结构
情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词must /can /could /may/might/have to + be + vt.p.p 【考例9】Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China. [扬州]
A.allow B. be allow
C.allowed D. be allowed
【考例10】-What should we do first if we want to develop our village？
-A lot of new roads _____，I think. （苏州）
A. have to build B. must build
C. have built D. must be built
DD【考点二】动词不定式的被动语态be asked to do
be told to do
be invited to do
be chosen to do
be encouraged to do
be allowed to doask sb. to do
tell sb. to do
invite sb. to do
choose sb. to do
encourage sb. to do
allow sb. to do主动被动sb.【考例1】Students are told ________________ (not copy) others’ homework.
【考例2】张老师总是鼓励我们尽可能多讲英语。
We ___________________________________ English
as often as possible by Mr. Zhang
【考例3】他们允许在这里吸烟吗?
__________they _________________ smoke here?not to copy are always encouraged to speak Are allowed to 【考点三】省略“to”的不定式的被动语态【考例1】Mary ___ the song every lunchtime.(无锡市)
A. heard sing B. is heard singing
C. is heard to sing D. is heard sing
【考例2】The students in Grade 9 ________ their homework for more than three hours every weekend.(淮安市)
A. are made do B. are made to do
C. were made do D.were made to do BChear sb. do
see sb. do
watch sb. do.
make sb. do
let sb do
have sb. do
feel sb do
notice sb do 主动被动主动语态中省略“to”的不定式，在被动语态中要加上“to”，如hear（听）；see、watch（看）；make、let、 have（让）；Feel（感觉）；notice（注意）等，口诀：一听二看三让一感觉一注意。sb . be heard to do
be seen to do
be watched to do
be made to do
be let to do
be had to do
be felt to do
be noticed to do【考点四】带双宾语的被动语态 tell sth to sb.
give sth. to sb.
show sth to sb.
pass sth. to sb.
sell sth. to sb.
lend sth. to sb.
bring sth. to sb.
buy sth. for sb.
make sth for sb. be told to sb.
be given to sb.
be shown to sb
be passed to sb.
be sold to sb.
be lent to sb.
be brought to sb.
be bought for sb.
be made for sb.主动被动sth.（点拨：带双宾语，物做主语，注意介词to还是for）【考例1】The results of the exam _________ the students’ parents in three days.
A. were told B. were told to
C. will be told D. will be told to
【考例2】 爸爸给我做了个风筝。
A kite __________________ by my father.Dis made for me【考点五】注意短语动词的完整性 look for sb.
look after sb.
take care of sb.
laugh at sb.
speak to sb.
listen to sb.be looked for
be looked after
be taken care of
be laughed at
be spoken to
be listened to主动被动【考例1】这个生病的孩子必须好好地照顾，以便他不久能去上学。
The sick child must ________________________ so that he can go to school soon
【考例2】 Must old people_____ politely?
A.speak B.spoken C.be spoken D.be spoken tosb.（注意：短语动词中的介词、副词容易漏掉，须注意）be taken good care ofbe looked after wellDhand sth. insth. be handed in【考点六】过去分词短语作定语 过去分词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后，表示完成和被动的意义，作用相当于定语从句。【考例1】 He is reading a novel （write） by Lu Xun.
【考例2】 Some of the people (invite) to the party can’t come.written(= which was written)(= who have been invited)invited【考点七】不用被动语态的情况●不及物动词 happen, take place (发生) ,break out（爆发）come out(出版,开花) 没有被动语态●某些感官动词和 系动词如look, sound, taste, smell, feel后加adj.做表语，主动形式表被动意义。【考例1】 The woman still doesn’t know what __________
(happen) in her hometown while she was away.
【考例2】 His new novel ____ next month.
A. come out B. will come out
C. will be come out D. came out【考例3】 What’s wrong with the orange? It terrible.
A. is tasting B. is tasted
C. tastes D. tasted
【考例4】The water (feel) very cold.happenedCfeelsB【考点七】不用被动语态的情况●某些可和well, easily等副词连用的动词，如：sell, wash, write, ride…【考例5】 This kind of books well. They out yesterday.
A.is sold , sold B. sell, sold
C. is sold, were sold D. sells, were sold
【考例6】I bought a pen yesterday. It (write) as well as yours.●need, want(需要）, be worth等后用动名词表被动。【考例7】My watch doesn’t work. It needs (repair).
【考例8】 这本书对我很有用，值得一读。
This book is me and it . Dwritesvery useful tois worth reading.repairingneed doing =need to be doneto be repairedSum-up【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构一般现在时:
一般过去时:
一般将来时:
现在完成时:
含有情态动词:am/is /are + Vt.p.pcan/may/might/must/should/have to+ be+ Vt.p.pwill/shall+ be + Vt.p.p
am/is /are going to be + Vt.p.phave/has+ been+ Vt.p.pwas/were + Vt.p.p【考点二】动词不定式的被动语态【考点三】省略“to”的不定式的被动语态【考点四】带双宾语的被动语态 【考点五】注意短语动词的完整性 【考点六】过去分词短语作定语 【考点七】不用被动语态的情况Thank you!