Unit 6 Bird watching.全单元同步学案

8A
unit
6
学案
Welcome
to
the
unit
1.
I
often
go
to
the
market
to
watch
the
birds.
我经常去市场观鸟。
句中的to
watch
the
birds是动词不定式结构，在句中作目的状语。动词不定式作目的状语，用来说明某一状态或动作的目的。
To
catch
the
bus,
he
got
up
early.
为了赶上公共汽车，他很早就起床了。
My
parents
came
to
New
York
to
see
me
last
month.
上个月我父母到纽约来看我。
【拓展】
动词不定式还可以表示原因或结果等。
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that.（表示原因）我听到这个消息很难过。
It
was
too
hot
to
go
out.（表示结果）天太热，不能出去。
2.
What
do
cranes
look
like
鹤看起来是什么样的？
look
like意为“看起来像”，like为介词，后面常接名词作宾语。
He
looks
like
a
scholar.
他看上去像一个学者。
【辨析】look
like与be
like
look
like
表示“看起来像……”，指的是“外表像”
-
What
does
he
look
like -
He
is
very
tall
and
handsome.
be
like
指“品德，性格特征”等
-
What
is
she
like -
She
is
very
kind.
3.
They
have
long
legs
and
a
long
thin
neck.
它们有长腿和细长的颈。
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词（冠词、物主代词等）→描绘性形容词（大小→长短→形状→新旧→颜色）→国籍、地区→材料性质→用途类别→名词。
a
small
round
table
一张小圆桌
a
dirty
old
brown
shirt
一件又脏又旧的棕色衬衫
【同步训练】
1.
-
Do
you
climb
mountains
every
day
-
Yes,
_____
a
little
exercise.
I’m
so
out
of
shape.
A.
getting
B.
get
C.
got
D.
to
get
2.
Mike
went
to
the
library
_____
some
books
yesterday.
A.
borrow
B.
to
borrow
C.
borrows
D.
borrowed
3.
-
What
does
your
new
English
teacher
_____
-
She
is
a
pretty
lady
with
long
hair.
A.
look
like
B.
like
C.
is
like
D.
look
4.
They
have
got
such
a
_____
table.
A.
round
wooden
brown
B.
round
brown
wooden
C.
brown
round
wooden
D.
brown
wooden
round
5.
-
安娜长得怎么样？
-
她很矮很瘦。
-
What
does
Anna
_____
_____
-
She
is
short
and
thin.
Reading
1.
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
is
in
Heilongjiang
Province
in
North-east
China.
扎龙自然保护区在中国东北的黑龙江省。
（1）in表示方位，意为“在”，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围（疆域）之内。
Shanghai
is
in
the
east
of
China.
【拓展】
on表示方位，意为“在……端/边”，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，无包含关系。
Sichuan
Province
is
on
the
north
of
Guizhou
Province.
四川省在贵州省的北边。
to表示方位，意为“在”，即一个地方在另一个地方的范围之外，互不管辖。尤其指两个地方相隔较远，且有湖泊、大海等区域相隔。
Japan
is
to
the
east
of
China.
日本在中国的东面。
（2）north-east为方位词，意为“东北方”。in
North-east
China指“在中国东北方”。
It
snows
heavily
in
North-east
China
in
winter.
中国东北地区冬天下很大的雪。
【归纳】表示方位的词
西北
north-west
north
北
north-east
东北
↖
↑
↗
西
west←
→east
东
↙
↓
↘
西南
south-west
south
南
south-east
东南
2.
It
is
one
of
the
world’s
most
important
wetlands.
它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。
“one
of
+
the
+
形容词最高级
+
可数名词的复数形式”表示“最……之一”，形容词前一般有the或物主代词。
Tom
is
one
of
the
tallest
boys
in
his
class.
汤姆是他班上最高的男孩之一。
【注意】当one
of作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
One
of
them
likes
swimming.
他们中的一个喜欢游泳。
3.
The
area
provides
food
and
cover
for
a
lot
of
wildlife.
这个地区为众多野生动物提供食物和栖息地。
provide作及物动词，意为“提供”，后面可接名词作宾语，常用结构：provide
sth
for
sb或provide
sb
with
sth表示“向某人提供某物”。
The
river
provides
water
for
the
villagers.
=
The
river
provides
the
villagers
with
water.
这条河流给村民们提供水。
【拓展】
provide
for
sb
为某人提供生活所需
provide
for
sth
为某事做好准备
4.
Many
birds
live
in
Zhalong
all
year
round,
while
some
go
there
only
for
a
short
stay.
许多鸟常年生活在扎龙，而有些鸟则仅去那儿作短暂停留。
（1）all
year
round是固定短语，意为“一年到头；常年；终年”，相当于all
the
year
round，通常在句子中作状语。
It’s
spring
all
year
round
in
Kunming.
昆明一年四季如春。
（2）while在本句中作连词，意为“然而”，表示转折。
He
is
a
worker
while
I
am
a
doctor.
他是个工人，而我是个医生。
5.
There
are
not
many
left
in
the
world,
and
40
per
cent
of
them
live
in
Zhalong.
世界上的鹤所剩不多，其中40%生活在扎龙。
per
cent是名词，也可写作percent，意为“百分之……”。常用于“数词+per
cent
of+名词”结构，其中名词可以是复数名词也可以是不可数名词。“数词+per
cent
of+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词要与of后面的名词保持一致。
6.
Some
people
want
to
make
the
wetlands
smaller
in
order
to
have
more
space
for
farms
and
buildings.
一些人想要减少湿地（的面积），以便为耕地和建筑用地腾出更多空间。
in
order
to意为“以便，为的是”，后接动词原形，表示目的。其否定形式是in
order
not
to意为“以免”。
He
got
up
early
in
order
to
catch
the
first
bus.
他起得很早，为了赶上第一班公交车。
Be
quiet
in
the
reading
room
in
order
not
to
disturb
others.
在阅览室里要安静，以免打扰别人。
7.
This
will
lead
to
less
and
less
space
for
wildlife.
这将会导致野生动物的空间越来越小。
（1）lead
to意为“导致”，这里的to作介词，后跟名词或代词。lead
to还可以表示“引起；通向”。
This
will
lead
to
many
problems
in
the
future.
这将导致以后的许多问题。
These
passages
lead
to
the
rooms
inside.
这些走廊通向里面的房间。
【拓展】
lead作动词，意为“领导，带领”，过去式为led。lead
sb
to
do
sth意为“导致/促使某人做某事”。
That
lead
me
to
think
that
girl
was
ill.
那使我觉得这个孩子生病了。
（2）less
and
less意为“越来越少”，属于“比较级+and+比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。如果是多音节的形容词或副词，用“more
and
more+形容词/副词”结构。
The
city
is
becoming
more
and
more
beautiful.
这座城市变得越来越漂亮。
8.
As
a
result,
the
birds
do
not
have
enough
food
to
eat.
因此，鸟类没有足够的食物可吃。
enough在句中作形容词，意为“足够的，充分的”，可作定语修饰名词，置于被修饰的名词前后均可，也可作表语。
Don’t
worry.
We
have
enough
time
to
catch
the
early
bus.
不用担心。我们有足够的时间赶早班车。
【拓展】
enough还可以作副词，意为“充足地，足够地”，可用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，通常置于被修饰词之后。enough后面常接不定式短语或for短语。“adj./adv.+enough
to
do
sth”意为“足够……做某事”。
The
boy
is
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
这个男孩足够大，可以去上学了。
9.
Now
the
Chinese
government
has
made
laws
to
prevent
all
these
things
in
Zhalong.
如今中国政府已经制定了法律来阻止扎龙地区所有这些事情的发生。
句中prevent作动词，意为“防止，预约”，常用结构：prevent
sb
(from)
doing
sth意为“阻止某人做某事”，from在这个结构中可以省略。
Can
you
think
of
a
better
way
to
prevent
the
pollution
你能想个更好的办法来阻止污染吗？
Nobody
can
prevent
us
(from)
going
there.
没有人能阻止我我们去那里。
【拓展】表示“阻止某人做某事”的其他结构
stop
sb
(from)
doing
sth
prevent
sb
(from)
doing
sth
keep
sb
from
doing
sth
这三种结构都表示“阻止某人做某事”。前两个结构中的from都可以省略，keep
sb
from
doing
sth中的from不可以省略。
The
heavy
rain
kept
us
from
arriving
on
time.
大雨让我们没能按时到达。
We
stopped
him
from
coming
here.
我们阻止他来这里。
【同步训练】
1.
Cambridge
is
a
small
city
_____
the
east
of
England.
A.
between
B.
with
C.
in
D.
under
2.
-
Excuse
me,
Mr
Li,
where
is
the
Fishing
Island
-
Let
me
show
you
on
the
map.
It’s
_____
the
east
of
China.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
to
D.
for
3.
Heilongjiang
is
in
the
_____
of
China.
A.
north-east
B.
north-west
C.
south-east
D.
south-west
4.

is
one
of
_____
shopping
websites
in
China.
A.
large
B.
larger
C.
largest
D.
the
largest
5.
Mo
Yan
is
one
of
_____
writers
in
the
world.
A.
famous
B.
more
famous
C.
most
famous
D.
the
most
famous
6.
To
protect
the
environment,
supermarkets
don’t
_____
free
plastic
bags
for
shoppers.
A.
take
B.
show
C.
provide
D.
carry
7.
The
charity
provides
homeless
people
_____
food
and
clothes.
A.
with
B.
for
C.
as
D.
to
8.
英国的天气全年寒冷潮湿。
The
weather
in
England
is
cold
and
wet
_____
_____
_____.
9.
I
was
watching
TV
_____
my
brother
was
writing
an
e-mail
at
home
at
this
time
last
night.
A.
as
soon
as
B.
after
C.
until
D.
while
10.
Sixty
per
cent
of
the
students
_____
boys
in
this
class.
A.
are
B.
is
C.
be
D.
am
11.
Mother
bought
a
washing
machine
_____
have
more
space
time
for
her
hobbies.
A.
because
of
B.
so
that
C.
in
order
to
D.
as
a
result
12.
You
fault
led
_____
our
failure.
A.
in
B.
for
C.
with
D.
to
13.
He
is
_____
to
make
money
to
support
his
parents.
A.
old
enough
B.
enough
old
C.
young
enough
D.
enough
young
14.
She’s
not
strong
enough
_____
walking
up
mountains.
A.
to
go
B.
going
C.
go
D.
went
15.
Working
hard
at
science
can
_____
a
good
job.
A.
consist
of
B.
belong
to
C.
make
up
D.
lead
to
16.
-
What
can
we
do
to
_____
bird
flu
from
spreading
-
Try
not
to
buy
or
eat
chickens
that
have
not
been
checked.
A.
prevent
B.
cause
C.
discover
D.
find
17.
The
Great
Green
Wall
can
stop
the
wind
and
sand
_____
to
the
rich
land
in
the
south
of
China.
A.
move
B.
to
move
C.
from
moving
D.
moves
18.
冬至过后，白天变得越来越长。
The
days
are
_____
_____
_____
after
the
winter
solstice.
Grammar
1.
Take
a
notebook
with
you
in
order
to
write
down
what
you
see.
随身携带一个笔记本以便能记下你看到的东西。
write
down意为“写下，记下”，是由“动词+副词”构成的动副短语。其后接名词作宾语时，名词可放在down之前或之后；其后接代词作宾语时，代词必须放在write和down的中间。
Did
you
write
down
the
telephone
number
你记下电话号码了吗？
Write
it
down!
把它记下来！
2.
Millie
and
Amy
heard
someone
sing
in
the
park.
米莉和艾米听见有人在公园里唱歌。
hear
sb
do
sth意为“听见某人做某事”，表示听到动作发生的全过程或某个动作经常发生。
We
often
hear
him
sing
in
the
next
room.
我们经常听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。
【拓展】hear
sb
doing
sth意为“听见某人正在做某事”，表示听到某个动作正在进行。
Listen!
I
can
hear
someone
knocking
at
the
door.
听！我能听见有人在敲门。
和hear的用法相似的动词
后面既能跟动词原形作宾补，又能跟现在分词作宾补的动词有：see、watch、notice等。
3.
Mr
Wu
told
us
to
watch
the
birds
carefully.
吴老师告诉我们认真观察鸟类。
tell
sb
to
do
sth意为“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式tell
sb
not
to
do
sth意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。
He
told
students
not
to
stay
there.
他告诉学生们不要待在那里。
【同步训练】
1.
Our
teacher
asked
us
some
new
words
and
let
us
_____
on
the
blackboard.
A.
write
them
down
B.
write
it
down
C.
write
down
it
D.
write
down
them
2.
I
often
hear
her
_____.
Listen!
Can’t
you
hear
her
_____
in
the
next
room
A.
cry;
cry
B.
crying;
crying
C.
cry;
crying
D.
crying;
cry
3.
Can
you
hear
someone
_____
in
the
classroom
A.
sing
B.
sings
C.
singing
D.
sang
4.
-
What
did
Mr
Green
say
to
his
son
-
He
told
him
_____.
A.
didn’t
smoke
B.
don’t
smoke
C.
not
to
smoke
D.
not
smoke
参考答案
A
C
C
C
Integrated
skills
&
Study
skills
1.
What
should
we
take
with
us
when
we
go
birdwatching,
Sandy
桑迪，我们去观鸟的时候应该带些什么呢？
go
birdwatching意为“去观鸟”，属于“go+v.-ing”结构，表示“去做某事，从事某种娱乐休闲的活动”。
Buy
some
butter
for
me
when
you
go
shopping.
你购物的时候给我买些黄油。
【归纳】“go+v.-ing”的短语
go
camping
go
swimming
go
boating
go
skating
go
sightseeing
go
climbing
go
dancing
go
walking
go
shopping
go
fishing
2.
Anything
else
还有其他的吗？
anything
else意为“其他某物/某事”，其中anything为不定代词，else要位于不定代词或疑问代词的后面。
I
didn’t
break
your
window.
It
must
be
someone
else.
我没打破窗户。肯定另有其人。
There’s
nothing
else
in
the
fridge.
冰箱里没别的东西了。
【同步训练】
1.
-
_____
do
you
need
for
your
trip
-
_____.
I
have
packed
everything.
A.
What
else;
Nothing
else
B.
What
else;
Something
else
C.
Who
else;
Nothing
else
D.
Who
else;
Something
else
2.
Would
you
like
_____
A.
else
something
B.
anything
else
C.
else
anything
D.
something
else
3.
你周日经常和母亲去购物吗？
Do
you
often
_____
_____
with
your
mother
on
Sundays
参考答案
1.
A
2.
D
3.
go
shopping
Task
1.
First,
let
me
introduce
myself.
首先，让我来介绍一下我自己。
introduce是动词，意为“介绍”，短语introduce
oneself意为“自我介绍”。introduce
A
to
B表示“把A介绍或引见给B”。
It’s
my
honor
to
introduce
my
teacher
to
everyone.
把我的老师介绍给大家是我的荣幸。
2.
I
am
very
interested
in
learning
about
different
kinds
of
plants,
birds
and
animals.
我对学习各种不同的植物、鸟类和动物非常感兴趣。
be
interested
in意为“对……感兴趣”，其后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
I’m
not
interested
in
it.（接代词）
Children
are
interested
in
the
fairy
tales
of
Andersen.（接名词）
We
are
interested
in
listening
to
the
story.（接动词-ing形式）
3.
...,
and
I
think
it
is
important
for
me
to
do
something
to
protect
them.
……，并且我认为对于我来说做一些事情保护它们是很重要的。
“It’s
+adj.+for
sb+to
do
sth”意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……的”。it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。在此句型中，形容词时形容某事或某物的词，如：easy、hard、important等。
It
is
important
to
lie
in
bed
for
some
time.
卧床休息一段时间很重要。
It’s
difficult
for
him
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
对他来说，按时完成这项工作真是太难了。
【拓展】
“It’s
+adj.+of
sb+to
do
sth”意为“某人做某事是……的”。词句型中，形容词表示的是人的品德的词，如：good、kind、nice、clever、careful等。
It’s
clever
of
you
to
leave
away.
你离开是明智之举。
【同步训练】
1.
I
_____
the
doctor
to
everyone
just
now.
A.
took
B.
introduced
C.
showed
D.
brought
2.
The
story
is
_____
and
all
of
us
are
_____
in
it.
A.
interest;
interesting
B.
interesting;
interest
C.
interested;
interesting
D.
interesting;
interested
3.
It
is
very
important
for
us
_____
English
well.
A.
learn
B.
learning
C.
to
learn
D.
learned
4.
It’s
very
friendly
_____
him
to
help
me
when
I’m
in
trouble.
A.
for
B.
to
C.
of
D.
with
参考答案
1-4
B
D
C
C