Module
2
标准检测卷
听力材料
一、1.W：What
were
you
doing
last
Sunday,
Bill
M：I
was
playing
basketball.
2．M：How
do
you
study
for
an
English
test,
Susan
W：I
usually
study
by
reading
books.
3．M：What
did
Mr.
Yang
talk
to
you
just
now
W：He
told
me
not
to
spend
too
much
time
watching
TV
after
school.
4．W：What
about
listening
to
tapes
M：But
I
can't
remember
some
of
the
new
words
now.
Can
I
have
5
minutes
to
recite
W：OK.
5．W：Fred,
what
do
you
think
of
learning
English
M：I
think
that
listening
is
something
difficult
if
people
speak
too
fast.
二、Text
1
W：What's
the
matter,
Bob
M：I
can't
sleep
well.
How
do
you
deal
with
your
problem
if
you
can't
go
to
sleep
W：By
relaxing
or
counting
sheep.
It
works
for
me.
Text
2
W：Pierre,
why
do
you
like
learning
English
so
much
M：English
is
popular
in
computers,
you
know
I
like
games.
W：Well,
I
like
playing
computer
games,
too.
But
I
just
don't
like
learning
English.
What
can
I
do
M：I
know
you
like
English
songs.
You
can
listen
carefully
and
learn
English
words
when
you
listen
to
them.
W：That's
a
good
idea.
Text
3
M：Class
is
over.
Let's
leave
the
classroom.
W：Just
a
minute,
please.
M：OK.
W：Are
you
free
next
Friday
evening
M：I
think
so.
Why
W：Would
you
like
to
come
to
my
house
for
a
meal
M：Oh,
thanks.
I'd
love
to.
When
do
we
meet
W：We'll
have
dinner
at
7：30.
Why
not
come
a
little
earlier
M：I
must
do
my
homework
first.
After
7：00
I'm
free.
三、M：Morning，Mum.
W：Morning，Gary.Your
birthday
is
coming.What's
your
plan
M：Can
I
invite
my
classmates
to
our
house，Mum
W：Sure.Then
you're
going
to
hold
a
birthday
party，aren't
you
M：No.Not
really.You
know，I'm
a
member
of
our
traveling
club
in
my
school.We
want
more
fellows
to
join
us.So
we
are
going
to
make
a
poster
for
our
summer
holiday
trip.
W：That
sounds
great.
Can
you
tell
me
more
about
your
holiday
trip
M：Of
course.We
are
going
to
take
a
trip
to
Mount
Tai.
It
will
take
us
two
days
to
go
around
the
mountain.We
need
to
get
prepared
for
it.
W：You're
right.
How
are
you
going
there
then
By
train
Or
by
bus
M：I
don't
know
yet.
We're
going
to
talk
about
it.
W：And
we
should
also
make
sure
you
know
where
to
stay
at
night.
M：We
are
not
staying
in
a
hotel.
We
are
going
camping
on
the
mountain
top.
W：Really
That
sounds
interesting.
M：And
we
will
climb
up
the
mountain
from
the
foot
to
the
top.
W：I'm
proud
of
you，Gary.Do
you
have
any
teacher
to
go
with
you
M：Yes，our
head
teacher
will
go
with
us.
W：Perfect.OK，let
me
know
if
you
need
my
help.
M：Thank
you，Mum.
四、The
school
day
begins
at
8：45.Teachers
meet
the
class
and
check
who
is
present
and
absent
at
the
beginning
of
the
day.
The
whole
school
students
meet
once
a
week
on
Fridays.
The
head
teacher
speaks
to
the
whole
school.
Morning
lessons
begin
at
9：05.There
are
three
one hour
lessons
with
a
fifteen minute
break.
The
lunch
break
is
from
1：00
pm
to
1：45
pm.
Afternoon
lessons
begin
at
1：50
pm
and
the
school
day
finishes
at
4：00
pm.
All
students
study
and
take
exams
in
maths，science
and
English.
In
addition，they
choose
one
subject
from
history，geography，art，design
and
technology，French
and
Spanish.
All
students
take
PHSE
(Personal
Health
and
Safety
Education)
lessons
but
no
exams
are
offered.
There's
also
chess，music，language
and
theatre
clubs
after
school.Students
may
join
as
many
clubs
as
they
like，but
they
should
join
at
least
one.
答案：一、1～5：BABAC 二、6～10：BBBAA
三、
11～15：ACCBB
四、16.9：05/five
past
nine
17．1：45/a
quarter
to
two/one
forty five
pm
18．4：00
pm 19.science 20.language
笔试部分
五、21.C 点拨：词语辨析法。few和a
few修饰可数名词复数；little和a
little修饰不可数名词；a
few和a
little表示肯定；few和little表示否定意义；由words可知排除B和D两项，再由only可知表示肯定，故选C。 22.D
23．A 点拨：语境分析法。句意：为什么不尝试去乡下徒步旅行来代替呆在宾馆度过我们的假期呢？instead
of
代替；because
of因为；thanks
to多亏了。由句意可知选A。
24．B 点拨：考查more与another修饰数词时的用法。more与another修饰数词时，都意为“另外的，其他的”，但结构不同：another
＋数词
＋名词；数词
＋more
＋名词。
25.C
26．A 点拨：固定句式法。How
do
you
like...
你认为……怎么样？故选A。
27．C 点拨：用题眼法解答。此题的题眼词是句中的be动词is，据此可知第一空要用the
number
of；此外根据teachers可知前面的名词woman也要用复数形式women。魔法记忆1：the
number
of表……的数量，用作主语为单数；a
number
of表许多，谓语复数不能忘。魔法记忆2：girl和boy短语变复数，只变后面就可以；man和woman不一样，前后两个都要变。
28．C 点拨：tell
sb.to
do
sth.表示“告诉某人做某事”。
29．C 30.C 31.C
32.D 点拨：考查代词。第一个空前是介词，应用宾格；第二个空意为“我自己”，用反身代词，故选D。
33.A
34．C 点拨：if作“如果”讲时，引导条件状语从句，若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；if作“是否”讲时，引导宾语从句，根据时间状语确定时态。结合句意可知选C。
35.B
六、36.A 点拨：用
联系上下文法解答。根据上文中的“Maths
is
one
of
the
most
boring
classes
for
many
students.”以及But一词可知是一节数学课引起了400名学生的兴趣。
37．B 点拨：用逻辑推理法解答。上文中提到400名学生感兴趣，此句中谈到还有35人从后面窗户观看，故选B。
38．C 点拨：考查疑问词。根据句意：谁能让一门枯燥的课程如此有趣？可知要用Who。 39.A 40.B
41．B 点拨：用逻辑推理法解答，通过逻辑推理，前后两句之间有让步关系，故用Although。
42．A 点拨：用语境法解答。根据语境“以我的观点看，年龄过小上大学没有必要。”可知选A。
43．C 点拨：用词语辨析法解答。so
far表示“迄今为止”；at
times
表示“有时”；in
fact
表示“事实上”。根据句意“……事实上，学习就像修建一座高塔。”可知选C。
44．B 点拨：用语境法解答。根据语境“人们认为Tao
并非与我们其他人有所不同。”可知选B。
45．C 点拨：still表示“仍然；依旧”。
七、A 46.C
点拨：细读法。由第三段中．..my
group
knives.可知选C。
47．A
点拨：语境分析法。由All
my
beans
dropped
to
the
ground!
Just
at
that
moment,
Mr.Kwak
called
us
back.可知选A。
48．C 点拨：细读法。由第四段It
was
hard
to
pick
up
something
that
small,
especially
from
the
grass.可知C说法正确。
49．B 点拨：逻辑推理法。由．..natural
selection
is
really
competitive(竞争的)．可推断每个人都尽最大努力生存下来，故选B。
50．D 点拨：细读法。由The
fun
game
made
me
realize
that
natural
selection
is
really
competitive(竞争的)．可知选D。
B 51.C 52.A 53.C 54.B 55.B
八、56.rows
57.are 58.playing 59.ours 60.is
九、61.touched 62.with 63.what 64.education 65.term
66．cleared 67.staying 68.When/Whenever 69.no
70．late/old
十、范文：
After school
Activities
Nowadays，after school
activities
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular①
in
junior
schools.
In
our
school
there
are
all
kinds
of
activities，for
example①，the
arts
and
sports.We
enjoy
them
very
much.
Playing
football
and
reading
are
my
favorites
which
do
me
lots
of
good.②Besides①，
building
my
body
and
improving
my
skills，they
also
free
me
from
the
heavy
work
of
study.
Here
I
have
some
suggestions.
As
students，we'd
better
choose
the
activities
which
interest
us
and
suit
us②；schools
should
organize
more
activities
for
students
and
leave
more
time
for
activities
by
giving
us①
less
homework.
Dear
friends，please__take__part__in__after school
activities
actively，which
will
not
only①
make
your
school
life
colorful，but
also①
improve
your
learning.②
名师点评：
◆本文分四步介绍了课外活动。第一步：引出话题(第一段)。第二步：具体介绍学校的课外活动情况(第二段)。第三步：提出自己的建议(第三段)。第四步：呼吁大家积极参加课外活动(第四段)。
◆文章添彩点：①more
and
more
popular；for
example；Besides；by
giving
us...；not
only...，but
also...等词语的运用恰到好处，使文章条理清晰，结构严谨。
②定语从句的使用提升了文章档次，值得学习。Module
2标准检测卷
(满分：120分 时间：100分钟)
题 号
一
二
三
四
五
六
七
八
九
十
总 分
得 分
听力部分(20分)
一、听对话，选择与对话内容相符的图片或选项(每小题1分，共5分)
1．What
was
Bill
doing
last
Sunday
A
B C
2．How
does
Susan
usually
study
for
an
English
test
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../M2一2A.tif"
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MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../M2一2B.tif"
\
MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../M2一2C.tif"
\
MERGEFORMAT
A
B
C
3．What
does
the
girl
spend
much
time
doing
after
school
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../M2一3A.tif"
\
MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../M2一3B.tif"
\
MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../M2一3C.tif"
\
MERGEFORMAT
A B
C
4．What
will
they
do
first
A．Recite
the
new
words. B．Listen
to
the
music.
C．Read
the
text.
5．What's
Fred's
opinion
on
learning
English
A．He
thinks
writing
is
the
most
difficult.
B．He
thinks
speaking
is
the
most
difficult.
C．He
thinks
listening
is
the
most
difficult.
二、听对话，选择最佳选项(每小题1分，共5分)
听第一段对话，完成第6小题
6．What's
Bob's
problem
A．He
wants
to
get
up
early.
B．He
can't
go
to
sleep.
C．He
is
naughty.
听第二段对话，完成第7小题
7．Why
does
Pierre
like
learning
English
A．Because
English
is
very
important.
B．Because
English
is
popular
in
computer
games.
C．Because
he
likes
English.
听第三段对话，完成第8至10小题
8．Where
does
the
dialogue
take
place
A．On
the
playground.
B．In
the
classroom.
C．In
the
shop.
9．When
will
the
boy
come
to
the
girl's
home
A．After
7：00. B．At
7：30. C．After
7：30.
10．They
are
probably
________．
A．students B．workers C．teachers
三、听对话，选择最佳答案(每小题1分，共5分)
11．What's
the
relationship(关系)between
the
two
speakers
A．Mother
and
son.
B．Teacher
and
student.
C．Classmates.
12．What
will
Gary
do
on
his
birthday
A．Hold
a
birthday
party.
B．Climb
Mount
Tai.
C．Make
a
poster
with
his
classmates.
13．How
are
Gary
and
his
classmates
going
to
Mount
Tai
A．By
train. B．By
bus. C．We
don't
know.
14．Where
are
Gary
and
his
classmates
going
to
stay
at
night
A．In
a
hotel.
B．On
the
mountain
top.
C．At
the
foot
of
the
mountain.
15．Who
will
go
to
Mount
Tai
with
Gary
and
his
classmates
A．Gary's
mum.
B．Gary's
head
teacher.
C．Only
Gary
and
his
classmates.
四、听短文，完成下列表格(每小题1分，共5分)
Morning
lessons
begin
at
________________(16)
The
lunch
break
from
1：00
pm
to
____________(17)
Afternoon
le ssons
are
over
at
________(18)
Exams
Take
exams
in
maths,
________(19)
and
English.
After school
activities
There're
chess,
music,
________(20)
and
theatre
clubs
after
school.
笔试部分(100分)
五、单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)
21．—Can
you
speak
French,
Mr
Brown
—Yes.
But
only
________
French
words.
A．few
B.
little
C.
a
few
D.
a
little
22．The
Dragon
Boat
Festival
this
year
will
come
________four
days.
A．after
B．for
C．during
D.
in
23．________
spending
our
vacation
in
a
hotel,
why
not
try
hiking
in
the
country
A．Instead
of B．Because
of C．Thanks
to
24．—Have
you
finished
your
today's
work
—No,
I
need
________．
A．two
another
hours
B．another
two
hours
C．more
two
hours
D．two
other
hours
25．—
________
will
the
6th
Chinese
Film
Festival
in
France
last
—
From
May
24th
to
July
19th.
A．How
often
B．How
soon
C．How
long
D．How
many
26．—________do
you
like
the
film,
Captain
America
3
—It's
wonderful!
I
like
it
very
much.
A．How
B．Who
C．What
D．When
27．________
the
teachers
in
their
school
is
about
200
and
one
fourth
of
them
are
________teachers.
A．A
number
of;
women
B．A
number
of；woman
C．The
number
of；women
D．The
number
of；woman
28．Granny
often
tells
us
________
water
in
our
daily
life.
A.
save
B.
saving
C.
to
save
D.
saves
29．The
Olympic
Games
of
2020
will
________
in
Tokyo.
A．take
after
B．take
off
C．take
place
D．take
away
30．Finish
your
homework
first,
and
then
you'll________
surf
the
Internet
for
half
an
hour.
A．can
B．need
C．be
able
to
D．may
31．Look!
This
house
is
as
________
as
that
one.
A．the
most
beautiful
B．more
beautiful
C．beautiful
32．My
mother
used
to
make
breakfast
for
________
every
morning,
but
now
I
do
it________.
A．mine;
me
B.my;
myself
C．I;
me
D．me;
myself
33．Could
you
please
give
me
a
hand
I
can't
complete
the
task
on
time
________your
help.
A．without
B．under
C．with
D.
for
34．We
wonder
if
our
teachers________
to
our
graduating
party
next
weekend.If
they________，
we'll
be
very
happy.
A．will
come;
will
come
B．come;
will
come
C．will
come;
come
D．come;
come
35．Don't
worry.
There
is
________
wrong
with
the
TV
set.
It's
only
because
of
power
cut.
A．something
B．nothing
C．anything
D．everything
六、完形填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(词数：约200；建议用时：4分钟)
Maths
is
one
of
the
most
boring
classes
for
many
students.
But
recently,
at
the
University
of
California
in
the
US,
a________(36)class
got
400
students
interested.
There
were
even
another
35________(37)from
the
rear
windows(后窗)．________(38)could
make
a
boring
subject
so
interesting
Terence
Tao,
a
31 year old
university
professor.
He
is
known
as
“the
Mozart
of
Maths”．
Tao,
born
in
Hong
Kong,
spent
his
childhood
in
Australia.
He
showed
his
great________(39)in
maths
when
he
was
very
young.
At
the
age
of
two,
he
could
read.
At
nine,
he
went
to
college
maths
classes.
At
twenty,
he
got
his
doctor's
degree(博士学位)．Last
summer,
Tao________(40)the
Fields
Medal
which
is
known
as
“the
Nobel
Prize
of
Maths”.
________(41)he
was
talented,
Terence
Tao
didn't
go
to
college
until
he
was
fourteen.
“In
my
opinion,
it's
not________(42)to
go
to
college
too
young，”
said
Tao.
He
added，“
________(43),
studying
is
like
building
a
high
tower.
It
must
have
a
strong
base(基础)．Then
it
can
be
built
higher.”
People
don't
think
Tao
is________(44)the
rest
of
us.
He
wears
a
T shirt
and
a
pair
of
old
sports
shoes.
He
reads
Japanese
comic
books,
too.
But
his
favourite
is________(45)maths.
“In
many
ways,
my
work
is
my
hobby，”
he
said.
36．A.maths
B．music
C．Japanese
37．A.passing
B．watching
C．shouting
38．A.What
B．Which
C．Who
39．A.talent
B．importance
C．need
40．A.made
B．won
C．found
41．A.If
B．Although
C．Because
42．A.necessary
B．convenient
C．difficult
43．A.So
far
B．At
times
C．In
fact
44．A.the
same
as
B．different
from
C．similar
to
45．A.even
B．too
C．still
七、阅读理解(每小题2分，共20分)
A(词数：约230；建议用时：6分钟)
Most
students
have
biology
classes
in
the
classrooms
or
the
labs
in
China.
But
several
days
ago,
I
had
a
biology
class
outside
in
my
American
school.
My
biology
teacher,
Mr.Kwak,
divided
us
into
three
groups
and
asked
us
to
play
a
game
about
natural
selection(选择)and
how
birds
find
food.
He
gave
the
first
group
one
spoon
per
person,
the
second
group
forks
and
my
group
knives.I
thought
we
were
going
hunting,
so
knives
might
work
better.
Surprisingly,
he
told
us
to
pick
up
the
beans
on
the
grass
with
our
tools.
When
the
game
started,
all
of
us
ran
to
the
grass
area.We
squatted(蹲)down
and
looked
for
beans.
It
was
hard
to
pick
up
something
that
small,
especially
from
the
grass.
When
I
almost
lifted
a
bean,
it
dropped
back
to
the
ground.When
I
finally
picked
up
several
beans,
one
of
my
friends
ran
into
me.I
couldn't
keep
my
balance
and
fell
over.
All
my
beans
dropped
to
the
ground!
Just
at
that
moment,
Mr.Kwak
called
us
back.
I
had
to
leave
the
game
and
of
course
I
got
a
bad
result.
I
couldn't
help
thinking
that
if
I
were
a
bird
living
on
Galapagos
Island,
I
would
be
dead
soon.
The
fun
game
made
me
realize
that
natural
selection
is
really
competitive(竞争的)．Everyone
is
trying
his
or
her
best
to
survive．
46．What
did
the
writer's
group
use
to
pick
up
the
beans
A．Spoons. B．Forks. C．Knives. D．Hands.
47．How
many
beans
did
the
writer
get
at
last
A．None.
B．One.
C
.Several.
D．Many.
48．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
A．The
writer
did
a
good
job
in
the
biology
class.
B．The
writer
had
a
biology
class
outside
their
school.
C．The
writer
found
that
picking
up
the
beans
from
the
grass
was
hard.
D．The
writer
didn't
find
enough
food
for
the
birds
on
Galapagos
Island.
49．What's
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“survive”
in
the
last
paragraph
A．Find
food.
B．Remain
alive.
C．Be
lovely.
D．Keep
balanced.
50．What
was
the
aim
of
Mr.Kwak's
class
A．To
play
an
interesting
game.
B．To
pick
up
the
beans.
C．To
know
different
kinds
of
birds.
D．To
learn
natural
selection.
B(词数：约310；建议用时：8分钟)
Let
children
learn
to
judge(判断)
their
own
work.
A
child
doesn't
learn
to
talk
by
being
corrected
all
the
time.
If
he
is
corrected
too
much,
he
will
stop
talking.
He
notices
a
thousand
times
a
day
the
differences
between
the
language
he
uses
and
the
language
others
use.
Little
by
little,
he
makes
the
necessary
changes
to
make
his
language
like
other
people's.
In
the
same
way,
children
learn
to
do
all
the
other
things
without
being
taught
—
to
walk,
run,
climb
or
ride
a
bicycle.
They
compare
their
performances
with
those
of
more
skilled
people,
and
slowly
make
the
changes.
But
in
school
we
never
give
a
child
a
chance
to
find
out
his
mistakes
and
correct
them
himself.
We
do
it
all
for
him.
We
thought
that
he
would
never
notice
a
mistake
unless
it
was
pointed
out
to
him,
or
correct
it
unless
he
was
made
to.
Soon
he
becomes
dependent
on
the
teacher.
Let
him
work
out
with
the
help
of
other
children
if
he
wants
it.
If
it
is
a
matter
in
math
or
science,
give
him
the
answer
book.
Let
him
correct
his
own
papers.
Why
should
we
teachers
waste
time
on
such
daily
work
Our
job
should
be
to
help
the
children
when
they
tell
us
that
he
can't
find
the
way
to
get
the
right
answer.
Let
the
children
learn
what
all
educated
persons
must
learn,
how
to
measure(估量)
their
own
understanding,
how
to
know
what
they
know
or
do
not
know.
Let
them
get
on
with
this
job
in
their
ways.
School
teachers
can
offer
help
if
they
ask
for
it.
Some
parents
and
teachers
are
worried
that
the
children
might
fail
to
learn
something
that
they
will
need
to
get
in
the
world.
Don't
worry!
If
it
is
important,
they
will
go
out
into
the
world
and
learn
it.
51．According
to
the
passage,
the
best
way
for
children
to
learn
things
is
by
________.
A．being
always
corrected
B．following
adults'
advice
C．doing
as
other
people
do
52．The
writer
thinks
teachers
in
school
should
________.
A．encourage
students
to
learn
from
each
other
B．teach
students
how
to
get
the
answers
directly
C．tell
students
what
is
wrong
as
often
as
possible
53．The
underlined
sentence
in
the
third
paragraph
means
________.
A．teachers
can't
correct
students'
papers
B．teachers
needn't
waste
time
teaching
students
in
class
C．teachers
should
help
students
improve
their
learning
ability
54．We
can
infer(推断)
that
________
from
the
passage.
A．students
can
face
any
challenge
easily
B．students
can
learn
a
lot
in
the
real
life
C．students
can
grow
up
without
others'
help
55．The
best
title
of
the
passage
may
be
________.
A．Let
Us
Teachers
Stop
Working
B．Let
Children
Learn
by
Themselves
C．Let
Parents
Understand
Their
Kids
八、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空(每小题2分，共10分)
56．In
America,
students
don't
sit
in
________(row)．
57．Here
________(be)
some
fish.They
are
very
lovely.
58．I
enjoy________(play)
the
piano.
59．Their
school
isn't
as
big
as
________(our)．
60．Everyone
in
our
group
________(be)
interested
in
learning
English.
九、短文填空(每小题2分，共20分)
On
the
first
day
of
my
entering
the
college,
our
teacher
Mr.Smith
introduced
himself
and
got
us
to
know
each
other.
I
stood
up
to
look
around
when
a
gentle
hand
________(61)(触碰)
my
shoulder.I
turned
around
to
find
a
little
old
lady
looking
at
me
________(62)
a
smile.She
was
Rose，eighty seven
years
old.
I
was
surprised
at
________(63)made
her
take
on
this
challenge
at
her
age.“I
always
dreamed
of
having
a
college
________(64)(教育)
and
now
I
am
getting
one！”
At
the
end
of
the
________(65)(学期),
we
invited
Rose
to
speak
at
our
dinner
party.She
c________(66)her
throat
and
began,
“We
don't
stop
playing
because
we
are
old;
we
grow
old
because
we
stop
playing.
There
are
only
three
keys
to
s________(67)young
and
happy.First,
you
have
to
laugh
every
day.
Second,
you
should
have
a
dream.
W________(68)you
lose
your
dream,
you
die.
Third,
have
________(69)regrets.”
At
the
end
of
the
year,
Rose
finished
all
the
courses.
The
wonderful
woman
taught
us
that
it
was
never
too
________(70)
to
be
all
one
could
possibly
be.
十、书面表达(20分)
课外活动可以让我们增长知识，发展智力，开阔视野和塑造性格。许多学校创造性地开展了课外活动，如朗诵、唱歌、讲故事、演话剧、办刊物以及举办各种体育活动等。
最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After school
Activities”的栏目。请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇100词以上的英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。
要点：1.你校开展课外活动的情况；
2．你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；
3．为同学选择课外活动或为学校开设课外活动提出建议。
提示词：take
part
in sports interesting favorite
After school
Activities
Nowadays,
after school
activities
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular
in
junior
schools.____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
