必修2
Unit
4 Wildlife
protection
Ⅰ.词义辨析
1.Laws
have
been
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
made
to
prevent
people
from
killing__________animals
and
birds.
A.distant
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.wild
C.secure
D.fierce
2.The
farmers
suffer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
a
heavy___________because
of
the
terrible
storm.
A.zone
B.harm
C.loss
D.insect
3.The
cruel
king
showed
no
____________
and
killed
all
the
prisoners.
A.relief
B.ending
C.pain
D.mercy
4.I
waved
my
hand
to
catch
her___________，but
she
just
ignored
me.
A.attention
B.character
C.carpet
D.style
5.According
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
a
study，little
children
often
feel
___________near
their
parents.
A.magical
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.secure
C.faithful
D.universal
6.I
just
wonder
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
how
he
can
feed
a
family
of
eight
on
such
a
low
__________.
A.basis
B.stage
C.income
D.track
7.To
their________，someone
had
found
the
keys
and
handed
them
in.
A.mercy
B.incident
C.attention
D.relief
8.On
the
floor
lay
four
or
five
boxes
__________
toys
and
books.
A.decreasing
B.employing
C.containing
D.affecting
9.I
would__________
it
if
you
would
let
me
deal
with
this
by
myself.
A.appreciate
B.inspect
C.protect
D.replace
10.The
government
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
insists
that
the
dam
will
not
do
any_________to
the
environment.
A.reserve
B.application
C.bargain
D.harm
【答案】1---5
B
C
D
A
B
6---10
C
D
C
A
D
Ⅱ.特殊句式专练
语法填空
1．
So
little
time________we
have
that
we
must
hurry
up.
2．Such
a
fierce
dog_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______he
have
that
we
had
to
wait
outside
before
we
could
get
into
his
yard.
3．Only
when
he
r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eturned________we
told
that
the
war
had
ended
and
the
army
had
come
back.
4．
Only
when
Ann
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard
the
bell
ringing，________she
see
that
she
didn’t
write
her
name
on
the
paper.
5．
For
a
moment
noth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
happened;
then________(come)
cheers
from
the
excited
audience.
6．According
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
report
on
Daily
Mail，it’s
on
Wednesday________people
start
feeling
really
unhappy.
7．I
have
no
idea
why
it
is________he
will
go
there
with
her.
8．
Where
do
you
think
it
is
________we
can
buy
that
best－seller
9．It
was
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
until
7：30________he
got
home
yesterday,
so
his
parents
were
very
worried.
10．How
time
flies!
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t’s
in
two
months________we’ll
say
goodbye
to
our
high
school
life.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3．were
4．did
5．came
6．that
7．that
8．that
9．that
10．that
单项填空
1.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校201
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6届高三3月联考】5.
“It
is
the
realization
of
the
Chinese
Dream
______
put
forward
by
Chairman
Xi
______
presents
a
vision
for
national
revival
and
contributes
to
a
new
global
landscape”,
said
foreign
experts
at
a
dialogue
Saturday
in
Shanghai.
A.
which;
that
B.
that;
/
C.
/;
which
D.
/;
that
【答案】D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名师点睛：
强调句型常用句型：It
is/was
+…
who/that…
1.
如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用It
is指过去用It
was。e.g.
It
is
I
who/
that
am
wrong.
分析：被强调部分为人强调词可用who也可用that.
2.
被强调部分往往为句子的主语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。
如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、not
until…
结构、not
only…but
also…和as
well
as…等结构。
e.g.
It
was
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nly
when
I
reread
his
poems
recently
that
I
began
to
appreciate
their
beauty.
(appreciate
means
understand
and
enjoy
the
good
qualities
or
value
of
something欣赏、鉴赏、领会)
分析：强调部分为复杂的时间状语从句强调词不能使用when只可用that
e.g.It
is
not
onl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
he
but
also
his
parents
whothat
have
been
to
Beijing.
3.
被强调部分为人称代词时，原句用什么格强调句也用什么格。
如上述例句。
4.
关于强调词的选用，强调
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人时可用who
或that，如果不强调人一律用that。此时绝不能与定语从句混淆，被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when,
where
或why。
e.g.
It
was
in
the
street
that
I
met
him
yesterday.
尽管被强调部分是地点状语，强调词不能使用where只可用that.
e.g.
It
was
about
6
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )00
years
ago
that
the
first
clock
with
a
face
and
an
hour
hand
was
made.分析：指过去的情况用It
was
开头，尽管被强调部分是时间状语，强调词不能使用when只可用that.
e.g.
It
was because
he
was
ill
that
died
at
once
被强调部分为复杂的原因状语从句强调词不能使用why只可用that。
5.
被强调部分如果为主格人称代词，whothat后的动词和主格人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。
6.
强调句型的一般疑问句结构
IsWas
it…
who
that…
e.g.
Was
it
during
the
Second
World
War
that
he
died
分析：以Was
it
开头被强调部分是时间状语，强调词用that。
7.
强调句型的特殊疑问句结构
特殊疑问词+iswas
it…
who
that…
强调句型的特殊疑问句是就特殊疑问词强调
Where
was
it
that
you
found
your
lost
pen
原句：Where
did
you
found
your
lost
pen
8.强调句型It
is
was…who/
that中iswas前面可用muchmaymight等表推测的情态动词修饰。
e.g.
It
might
be
in
his
room
that
he
met
her.
注意：如改成特殊疑问句由于may,
must表推测的情态动词只用于肯定句，所以否定句，疑问句might
应改成could.
e.g.
Where
could
it
be
that
he
met
her
9.
强调部分为时间状语和地点状语时有可能先接定语从句再接强调句型。
e.g.
It
was
on
Octobe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
1st,1949
when
he
joined
the
Party
that
he
was
killed.
e.g.
It
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
the
room
where
he
had
studied
for
three
years
that
he
hound
his
lost
pen.
10.
判断强调句型是否正确的方法是将强调部分去掉如去掉强调句型结构后句子仍正确，强调句型就正确。
2.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三3月联考】16.
No
sooner
______Tu
Youyou
stepped
on
the
stage
______
the
audience
broke
into
thunderous
applause.
A.
had;
than
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
has;
than
C.
had;
when
D.
has;
when
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：
固定结构
3.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )末考试（二模）】Never
in
my
life
________
such
a
beautiful
sunrise!
A.
have
I
seen
B.
I
have
seen
C.
did
I
see
D.
I
saw
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【名师点睛】
部分倒装的句式包括：
1. 频率副词often, al
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ways, once, everyday, many a time以及thus 等表强调置于句首时常用部分倒装。
Many a time has he give me good advice.
Often do I tell him about my life here.
Thus was the emperor cheated.
2. 否定词语表示否定意义
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )或半否定意义的副词，介词短语，连词等提前引起倒装，如：never, not, little, nor, neither. No more, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, nowhere, in no way, at no time, in no case, under no circumstances, no sooner …than, hardly…when, not until, scarcely … when/before, not only …but also;但否定词对主语的否定不到装（Not everyone can do things perfectly.）
Little did I think that I could be back alive.
In no case can you give up.
Hardly had he received the telegram than he started off at once.
He didn’t go to the church, nor/neither did his sister.
Seldom did he see foreign film.
Never have I seen such a splendid building.
Not only does he like English but also he is good at it.
Not until I came back did he leave for work.
3. Only 修饰的状语，not until 引导的状语提到句首时要到装；句首的only 引导的短语或句子不是状语不到装
(Only few of the c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hildren haven’t yet got a chance of being educated.)
Only then did I realized the importance of English
Only when the war was over was he able to continue his study.
Only with hard work can you succeed.
Not until I began to work did I realized how much time I had wasted.
3. 条件状语从句省去 if 时要采用倒装结构，以had/were/should/could等开头。
Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
Had it not bee
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n for the captain, the ship would have been put sunk.
Were she my friend, I would ask her for help.
4. as/though 引导让步状语从句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可把形容词，副词，动词，名词提到句首，其余部分不变；若名词作表语提前时，而该名词又无形容词修饰时，则应把冠词去掉
Young as she is, he knows a lot of things.
Much as I like the book, I can’t afford it.
Try as he might, he would not get out of the difficulty.
Successful though he is, he is not proud.
Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
5. may, long live 开头引起倒装表祝愿。
May you be healthy and happy forever!
May all of you succeed in the coming examinations!
Long live the People’s Republic of China.
6. 在so/such…that(结果状语从句)结构中， 若so/such引导的部分置于句首时，用倒装语序。
Eg. So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it.
Such a good boy is he that we all love him.
7. So/ neither
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/nor置于句首，表前者的情况也适用于后者，其句型为：so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语。So与前面的肯定句呼应，neither, nor与前面的否定句呼应。
After that we never saw him again, nor did we hear from her.
I saw the film last week, So did she.
考点：考查部分倒装
4.【浙江建人高复学校2016
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )届高三上学期第一次月考】13.
Was
it
because
Jack
came
late
for
school
______
Mr.
Smith
got
angry
A.
why
B.
who
C.
where
D.
that
【答案】D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点
:
考查强调句
5.【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )届高三上学期期初联考】25.
Seldom
__________
any
mistakes
during
my
past
few
years
of
working
there.
A.
would
I
make
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
have
I
made
C.
I
made
D.
shall
I
make
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查时态和倒装句。during
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my
past
few
years
of
working
there我最近在那里工作的几年期间，可知句子用现在完成时态。Seldom位于句子开头，可知用部分倒装。故选B。
考点：考查时态和倒装句
III.短语填空
die
out；in
peace；
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
danger
of；in
relief；burst
into；pay
attention
to；come
into
being；according
to；turn
around；for
sure
1.I
wish
you’d
leave
me
__________—I’ve
got
work
to
do.
2.The
teacher
got
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngry
with
me
when
I
didn’t
___________his
lectures.
3.Are
you___________
losing
your
job
in
the
present
financial
crisis
4.The
scientist
explained
in
his
book
how
the
universe___________.
5.I
___________and
saw
Jane
was
sitting
directly
behind
me.
6.No
one
knows
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________what
happened
to
this
kind
of
animal
at
that
time.
7.
___________these
figures，our
company
is
doing
well.
8.No
one
has
come
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up
with
a
convincing
explanation
of
why
dinosaurs___________.
9.I
smiled___
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
as
the
last
of
the
children
hurried
out
of
the
door.
10.The
plane
crashed
into
the
hillside
and
_________flames.
【答案】1.
in
peace
2.
pay
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
attention
to
3.
in
danger
of
4.
came
into
being
5.
turned
around
6.
for
sure
7.
According
to
8.
died
out
9.
in
relief
10.
burst
into
IV.完成句子
1.Daisy
turned
arou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd
and
found
that
______________________(她正被一只大象注视着).(watch)
2.Dinosaurs
lived
on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
earth
tens
of
millions
of
years
ago，____________________
(比人类的出现要早得多).(being)
3.They
learned
this
from____________________________
(骨骼的连接方式).(join)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )V.模仿造句
1.We
are
being
killed
for
the
wool
beneath
our
stomachs.
正在粉刷那所房子以便举行婚礼。
______________________________________________
2.In
relief
Daisy
burst
into
laughter.
没人知道那房子怎么突然着火了。
_____________________________________________
3.We
used
to
be
an
endangered
species.
伦敦过去是英国最大的港口城市。
______________________________________________
4.But
I’d
like
to
help
as
the
WWF
suggests.
我照你的建议买了这辆汽车。
______________________________________________
5.These
dinosaurs
could
not
only
run
like
the
others
but
also
climb
trees.
他不仅是自编剧本，还饰演其中的角色。
______________________________________________
【答案】1.
That
house
is
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eing
painted
for
a
wedding.
2.
Nobody
could
tell
how
the
house
burst
into
flames.
3.
London
used
to
be
Britain’s
largest
port.
4.
I
bought
the
car
as
you
suggested.
5.
He
not
only
writes
his
own
plays，but
also
acts
in
them.
VI．语法填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
【山东省潍坊中学2017届高三上学期开学考试】
George
Bernard
Shaw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
was
interested
in
the
way
people
spoke.
He
argued
that
he
was
never
1
(mistake)
about
a
person’s
status.
However,
Professor
Higgins
thought
a
superior
social
position
was
more
dependent
on
grammar
and
pronunciation.
Actually,
his
view
was
only
accepted
by
a
2
(hand)
of
his
followers.
Eliza,
a
flower
girl,
was
ambitious
to
improve
herself.
3
(force)to
earn
money
herself
because
her
family
was
poor,
she
dreamed
of
working
in
a
proper
flower
shop.
George
Bernard
Shaw
teamed
4
with
Professor
Higgins
to
help
her.
An
English
teacher
5
(hire)
to
give
her
lessons.
But
after
her
first
lesson,
she
was
6
(apparent)
disappointed
because
the
teacher
was
so
impatient
with
her.
Actually,
Eliza
didn’t
give
it
up
easily.
7
(look)
ahead,
she
decided
to
work
hard.
Knowing
it
was
impossible
8
(accept)
in
that
profession
if
she
did
not
speak
correct
English,
she
asked
Professor
Higgins
to
give
her
lessons.
Trained
for
several
months,
she
set
out
to
speak
in
9
more
attractive
accent.
Shortly,
she
became
known
as
“the
London
songbird”
10
her
spoken
English
became
so
pleasant.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1.mistaken
考查固定用法。
be
mistaken
about
搞错,错怪；此处指的是他从来没有误解一个人的地位。故填mistaken。
2.handful
考查形容词。a
handful
of：一把，少数、几个，此处指的是他只有少数跟随者。故填handful。
3.Forced
考查动词。此处是过去分词做主语表示被动。故填Forced。
4.up
考查介词。teamed
up
with：与……合作。故填up。
5.was
hired
考查被动语态。此处英语老师是被请来的，故填was
hired。
6.apparently
考查副词。此处修饰形容词disappointed，应该用副词。故填apparently。
7.Looking
考查固定用法。looking
ahead：展望未来。故填Looking。
8.to
be
acce
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pted
考查固定用法。it
was
impossible后面加to
do，此处是被接受，故填to
be
accepted。
9.a
考查冠词。Accent：口音，此处指的是她开始用一种更吸引人的口音说话。故填a。
10.because
考查连词。句意：不久，她被称为“伦敦歌手”，因为她的英语口语非常好。故填because。
考点：考查语法填空
VII．【广西桂林市第十八中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考】完形填空
（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Washoe
is
a
young
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )himpanzee
.
She
is
no
1
chimpanzee
,
though
.
Scientists
are
doing
a
research
2
her
.
They
want
to
see
how
civilized
(驯化)
she
can
3
.
Already
she
does
many
things
a
human
being
can
do
.
For
example
,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )she
has
been
learning
how
to
exchange
4
with
people
.
The
scientists
are
teaching
her
5
language
.When
she
wants
to
be
picked
6
,
Washoe
points
up
with
one
finger
.
She
rubs
her
teeth
with
her
finger
7
she
wants
to
brush
her
teeth
.
This
is
done
after
every
meal
.
Washoe
has
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lso
been
8
to
think
out
and
find
answers
to
problems
.
Once
she
was
put
in
a
9
with
food
hanging
from
the
ceiling
.
It
was
too
high
to
10
.
After
she
considered
the
11
,
she
got
a
tall
box
to
stand
12
.
The
food
was
still
too
high
to
be
reached
.
Washoe
found
a
13
pole
.
Then
she
climbed
onto
the
14
,
grasped
the
pole
,
and
15
down
the
food
with
the
pole
.
Washoe
16
like
a
human
,
too
.
The
scientists
keep
her
in
a
fully
furnished
house
.
After
a
hard
17
in
the
laboratory
,
she
goes
home
.
18
she
plays
with
her
toys
.
She
19
enjoys
watching
television
before
going
to
bed
.
Scientists
hope
to
20
more
about
people
by
studying
our
closest
relative
---chimpanzee
.
1.A.
foolish
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
ordinary
C.
special
D.
simple
2.A.
for
B.
by
C.
to
D.
on
3.A.
experience
B.
change
C.
develop
D.
become
4.A.
actions
B.
views
C.
messages
D.
feelings
5.A.
sign
B.
human
C.
spoken
D.
foreign
6.A.
out
B.
at
C.
on
D.
up
7.A.
when
B.
until
C.
since
D.
while
8.A.
raised
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
trained
C.
ordered
D.
led
9.A.
cave
B.
zoo
C.
room
D.
museum
10.A.
pull
B.
see
C.
eat
D.
reach
11.A.
problem
B.
position
C.
food
D.
ceiling
12.A.
by
B.
on
C.
up
D.
with
13.A.
straight
B.
strong
C.
long
D.
big
14.A.
wall
B.
box
C.
ceiling
D.
pole
15.A.
knocked
B.
picked
C.
took
D.
shook
16.A.
lives
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
acts
C.
thinks
D.
plays
17.A.
task
B.
lesson
C.
day
D.
time
18.A.
Here
B.
There
C.
So
D.
Then
19.A.
quite
B.
already
C.
even
D.
still
20.A.
observe
B.
discover
C.
gain
D.
learn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2.D考查介词。此处指科学家们正在她身上做研究，在她身上做研究用on，故选D.
3.D考查动词。A.
experien
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce经历；B.
change改变；C.
develop发展；D.
become成为。科学家们想看看通过驯化她能变成怎样，故选D.
4.C考查名词。A.
action
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s行动；B.
views观点；C.
messages信息；D.
feelings感觉。Washoe已经学会了怎样和人交流信息，根据句意选C.
5.A考查名词。A.
sign手势；B.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
human人类；C.
spoken口语的；D.
foreign外国的。科学家们已经教给了她手势语，sign
language“手势语”，故选A.
6.D考查介词。pick
up“拾起来，捡起”，此处指捡起东西，故选D.
7.A考查连词。A.
wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en当…时；
B.
until直到；C.
since由于，既然；D.
while然而，当…时。句意：当她想刷牙时就用手指摩擦牙齿。表示当…时，句中是非延续性动词wants不用while，故选A.
8.B考查动词。A.
rais
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed举起，抬高；B.
trained训练；C.
ordered命令；D.
led领导，通向。上文讲科学家们想通过驯化研究黑猩猩，此处指她还被训练教给怎样思考和解决问题，与上文的civilized
(驯化)同义，故选B.
9.C考查名词。A.
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave洞穴；B.
zoo动物园；C.
room房间；D.
museum博物馆。训练过程中她被放在一个房顶挂着食物的房间，故选C.
10.D考查动词。A.
pull拉；B.
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee看见；C.
eat
吃；D.
reach够得着。此处指食物挂地太高Washoe够不着，根据语境选D.
11.A考查名词。A.
prob
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lem问题；B.
position位置；C.
food
食物；D.
ceiling天花板。Washoe考虑这个问题后就搬来一个大箱子站到上面。此处指如何吃到食物的问题，故选A.
12.B考查介词。on
在…上
，此处指站到大箱子上面，根据句意选B.
13.C考查形容词。A.
straig
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht直的；B.
strong
强壮的；C.
long长的；D.
big大的。站到箱子上够不着Washoe就又找了一根长杆。根据常识也可知答案，故选C.
14.B考查名词。A.
wall
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
墙；B.
box箱子；C.
ceiling
天花板；D.
pole杆。此处指她站到箱子上，根据上文she
got
a
tall
box
to
stand
on.可知答案，故选B.
15.A考查动词。A.
knock
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed敲，打；B.
picked捡起；C.
took
拿；D.
shook摇动。此处指Washoe用长杆把食物敲打了下来，根据句意选A.
16.A考查动词。A.
lives生活
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；B.
acts
表现；C.
thinks
思考；D.
plays玩耍。根据下文的a
fully
furnished
house,
plays
with
her
toys,
watching
television
before
going
to
bed可知她的生活也像人一样，故选A.
17.C考查名词。A.
task任务
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；B.
lesson
课程；C.
day
一天；D.
time时间。此处指Washoe在实验室进行研究实验一天后回家。根据句意选C.
18.B考查副词。A.
Here这里；B.
There那里；C.
So
如此；
D.
Then然后。在那里她玩玩具，指在家里，故选B.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查科学研究类短文阅读。
VIII．【湖北省沙市中学2017届高三上学期第二次考试】书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李夏。你看到美
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国留学生Sharon在网上发贴，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；
2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；
3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；
4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。
注意：
1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Hi
Sharon,
This
is
Li
Xia
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I
learned
from
your
post
that
you
want
to
improve
your
Mandarin
【答案】
Dear
Sharon,
This
is
Li
Xia
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
I
learned
from
your
post
that
you
want
to
improve
your
Mandarin.
I
felt
honor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
to
have
the
chance
to
help
you
with
your
Mandarin
learning.
I’m
good
at
speaking
standard
Mandarin.
I’ve
been
a
broadcaster
in
the
school
broadcasting
station
for
years.
When
it
comes
to
how
to
speak
fluent
Mandarin,
I
suggest
that
you
learn
a
bunch
of
pronunciation
rules
first,
which
are
quite
different
from
the
English
ones.
Another
suggestion
is
to
practice
speaking.
As
one
saying
goes.
“Practice
makes
perfect.”
However,
my
English
is
just
OK
and
I
have
many
problems
with
my
study.
I
really
hope
that
you
can
give
me
good
advice
on
how
to
study
English.
I
believe
we
both
can
make
much
progress
with
each
other’s
help.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply
soon!
Yours,
Li
Xia
【解析】
试题分析：假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生S
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )haron在网上发贴，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。写作时不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯同时要把所提示的点写全，语句通顺，同时要注意准确运用时态、语态、上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。根据句意适当使用并列连词，同时也要合理运用高级词汇和高级句子为文章增色添彩。注意：1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【亮点说明】本文采用常用的三段式
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，要点齐全，布局安排合理，层次分明，使用高级词汇、短语和高级句式。I
learned
from
your
post
that
you
want
to
improve
your
Mandarin.句中使用定语从句；I
felt
honored
to
have
the
chance
to
help
you
with
your
Mandarin
learning.动词不定式作定语；When
it
comes
to
how
to
speak
fluent
Mandarin,当谈到---的时候，是固定句式；I
suggest
that
you
learn
a
bunch
of
pronunciation
rules
first,
which
are
quite
different
from
the
English
ones.
suggest后面的宾语从句中运用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，同时句中还用了非限制性定语从句；As
one
saying
goes.
“Practice
makes
perfect.”as引导非限制性定语从句，同时句中使用谚语；I
really
hope
that
you
can
give
me
good
advice
on
how
to
study
English.宾语从句体现句中。
考点：考查电子邮件式话题作文必修2
Unit
4 Wildlife
protection
单元检测卷（时间50分钟；满分100分）
班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________
I
语言知识及应用
(共两节，满分45分)
第一节
完形填空
(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2017届高三入学考试】
People
from
every
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )corner
flooded
into
the
streets
that
Christmas
Eve.
“Frosty
the
Snowman,”
and
“Jingle
Bells”
__1___in
stores;
on
the
pavements,
the
street
singers
performed
happily.
Everyone,
was
2
by
someone
else,
delighted
and
cheerful.
I
was
alone.
As
one
of
8
kids
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
a
Brazilian
family,
brought
up
in
America's
crowded
apartment,
I'd
spent
several
years
searching
for
aloneness.
Now,
3
,
at
27,
a
college
student
after
the
4
with
my
girlfriend
,
every
cell
inside
me
wanted
to
be
alone,
5
not
at
Christmas.
My
family
had
6
to
Brazil
and
my
friends
were
7
with
their
own
lives.
Dusk
was
approaching,
and
the
fact
that
I
had
to
return
to
my
8
home
made
me
sad.
Lights
from
windows blinked,
and
I
hoped
someone
would
9
from
one
of
those
homes
to
invite
me
inside
with
a
Christmas
tree
decorated
with
shiny
fake
snow
and
10
presents.
At
a
market,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I
felt
more
11
when
people
were
buying
lots of
goods,
which
12
the
gifts
we
received
as
children
in
my
mind
.
I
missed
my
family
and
wanted
to
cry
for
wanting
to
be
alone
and
for
having
achieved
it.
Outside
the
church
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
a
manger(小耶稣)
had
been
set
13
.
I
stood
with
others
watching
the
scene,
some
of
them
14
themselves,
praying.
As
I
walked
home,
I
realized
that
leaving
Brazil
was
still
a
painful
experience
as
I
struggled
with
15
I
had
become
in
15
years
in
America.
I'd
mourned
the
16
,
but
for
the
first
time,
I
recognized
what
I’d
gained.
I
was
independent,
17
and
healthy.
My
life
was
still
ahead,
full
of
18
.
Sometimes
the
bes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
gift
is
the
one
that
you
give
yourself.
That
Christmas,
I
gave
myself
19
for
what
I'd
obtained
up
to
now
and
promise
to
go
forward.
It
is
the
best
gift
I've
ever
got,
the
one
that
I
most
20
.
1.
A.
shared
B.
played
C.
served
D.
held
2.
A.
accompanied
B.
employed
C.
attended
D.
supported
3.
A.
usually
B.
extremely
C.
really
D.
eventually
4.
A.
breakup
B.
date
C.
sympathy
D.
concern
5.
A.
so
B.
but
C.
and
D.
or
6.
A.
moved
B.
slipped
C.
came
D.
returned
7.
A.
pleased
B.
satisfied
C.
occupied
D.
bored
8.
A.
shabby
B.
empty
C.
warm
D.
cozy
9.
A.
turn
up
B.
hang
out
C.
go
away
D.
break
in
10.
A.
dealt
B.
discounted
C.
wrapped
D.
donated
11.
A.
tired
B.
nervous
C.
excited
D.
upset
12.
A.
reminded
B.
remained
C.
mentioned
D.
introduced
13.
A.
down
B.
up
C.
aside
D.
about
14.
A.
hugging
B.
bowing
C.
crossing
D.
bending
15.
A.
how
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
16.
A.
cases
B.
limits
C.
losses
D.
worries
17.
A.
lonely
B.
educated
C.
shy
D.
wealthy
18.
A.
possibility
B.
sight
C.
sadness
D.
hardship
19.
A.
surprise
B.
defeat
C.
prize
D.
credit
20.
A.
select
B.
value
C.
save
D.
Admit
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1.B考查动词辨析A.shared分享B.
played
玩耍；播放C.
served服务D.
held持有;抓住。由语境中的"Frosty
the
Snowman,"
and
"Jingle
Bells"这两首耳熟能详的圣诞歌可知这里应是圣诞歌在商店播放，G故选B.played。
2.A考查动词辨析A.accomp
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anied陪伴
B.employed雇佣C.
attended参加D.
supported支持。
由后面一句话“I
was
alone.”把我一个人独处的情形和周围的人都有人陪伴形成对比,故选A。
3.D考查副词辨析.
A.
usually经
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常地B.
extremely极端地C.
really真正地D.
eventually最终地。由前一句“I'd
spent
several
years
searching
for
aloneness.”推理出多少年来一直在寻求独处的机会，现在这里我终于可以一个人了，故选B。
4.A考查名词辨析。
A.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
breakup分手
B.date约会C.sympathy仁慈D.
concern关心。由原文“every
cell
inside
me
wanted
to
be
alone”可知我之所以倍感孤独，推理出因为和女友分手了，故选A。
5.B考查并列连词辨析A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
so于是B.
but但是C.
and和D.
or否则。
虽然失恋想一个人待会儿，但是却不想圣诞节这样，前后有转折关系，故选B。
6.D考查动词辨析
A.
moved搬
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )家B.
sli
pped滑到C.
came来到D.
returned返回。
由第二段开头“As
one
of
8
kids
of
a
Brazilian
family”知道我是巴西后裔，所以这里推理家人回去过圣诞了，故用returned，故选D。
7.C考查形容词辨析
A.please
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d感到满意的B.satisfied感到满意的C.
occupied已占用的D.
bored感到无聊的。
我独自呆在街上，家人回巴西了，朋友们都在忙于自己的生活，这里”be
occupied
with”有“忙于”之意
，故选C。
8.B考查形容词辨析
A.
sha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bby破旧的B.
empty空的C.
warm暖和的D.
cozy
舒适的
。
夜幕降临，我不得不回到我那个空荡荡的
家，这让我很难过，所以填empty更衬托出孤单，故选B。
9.A考查动词短语辨析
A.
turn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up出现，露面B.
hang
out挂出，闲逛C.
go
away走开D.
break
in打断，闯入。
我希望灯光闪烁的房子里有人出现请我进去跟他们共庆圣诞，用“turn
up”表示“出现”之意，最符合语境，故选A。
10.C考查形容词辨析A.
deal
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t处理好的
B.
discounted已折扣的C.
wrapped包裹好的D.
donated被捐献的。圣诞树下的礼物一般都是包装好的，故选C。
11.D考查形容词辨析。A.
tire
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d感到疲惫的B.
nervous紧张的C.
excited感到激动的D.
upset不安的，难过沮丧的。
第二段描述了作者在街上孤独的心情，在市场看到人们为圣诞购物的气氛，作者的心情越发难过了，所以选择upset最贴切，故选D。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )14.C考查动词辨析。A.
hugging拥抱B.
bowing鞠躬C.
crossing横过，交叉D.
bending弯曲。由后面的“praying”可以看出旁边有的人正在祈祷，可以想象他们在用手在胸前划十字，用crossing更恰当，故选C。
15.C考查关系词辨析。
由原
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文“leaving
Brazil
was
still
a
painful
experience
as
I
struggled
with
15
I
had
become
in
15
years
in
America.”可知离开巴西始终是我一次痛苦的经历，我一直在想，15年的美国生活让我变成了一个什么样的人，该处为what引导的表语从句，故选C。
16.C考查名词辨析。A.
cases
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )情境B.
limits限制C.losses丢失D.
worries担忧。由后文“I
recognized
what
I’d
gained”知道，我意识到我得到了一些东西，推理出前面应该是为失去的难过，故选C：losses。
17.B考查形容词辨析。A.
lonely
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )孤独的；荒凉的B.educated受过教育的；有教养的C.
shy害羞的D.
wealthy富有的。
由第二段“a
college
student”知道我是大学生，所以算得到很好的教育，故选B。
18.A考查名词辨析。A.p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ossibility可能性B.
sght视力；景象C.sadness悲伤D.
hardship悲伤。
由“My
life
was
still
ahead.”知道生活会继续向前，会有一切可能，故选A。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查故事类阅读
【名师点睛】
故事类文章是高考选材之一。这类文章常通
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。
解这类完形填空时要注意：
1、精读第一句
它是了解全文大意的基石.完形填空文章的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic
Sentence)，或是含有主题词的句子，考生可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，为下面答题奠定基础。这里，首先我们要知道英文的主题句的特点。一个有效的主题句应该有以下两个标准：
1.Topic：主题或议题。明确指示段落的内容，起到限定主题范围的作用。
2.Opinion：反映作者对待主题的观点、印象、态度，起到限定段落基调的作用。
知道了英文主题句的特点之后，我们在阅读完
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )型填空文章的第一句话时，就不应该只是读懂其字面中文意思，而是要透过首句来预测文章的中心内容，为接下来做题把准方向。
2、掌握几种逻辑关系词
考生在做这类题目是一定要很好地把握上下文逻辑
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关系，掌握常见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、因果、并列等逻辑关系的词，再根据上下文语境判断出最佳答案。本文对此的涉及比较少。
3、准确把握逻辑关系
考生在做题过程中需要留意上下文，正确
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )把握上下文之间的逻辑关系。逻辑关系涉及时间、条件、原因、转折等几个方面。正确理解文章的内容并把握逻辑关系有助于考生准确地解答试题。本篇文章有明显的故事特点，所以考生可以根据文章大意推断故事的内容。比如第52题：考查动词。这里有点触景生情，别人购买的物品让我想起了孩提时代收到的礼物，我越发想家了，故选A。
4、仔细体会作者的思想情感
在解题过程中，考生要仔细体会作者所要表
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )达的思想情感，不能按自己的想法去揣测文章中人物的心理活动。比如第51题：考查形容词辨析。A.
tired感到疲惫的B.
nervous紧张的C.
excited感到激动的D.
upset不安的，难过沮丧的。
第二段描述了作者在街上孤独的心情，在市场看到人们为圣诞购物的气氛，作者的心情越发难过了，所以选择upset最贴切，故选D。
5、全文贯通，复查核定
做完题目后，要仔细复查核定。全方位,多角
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )度地检查所选答案,看能否使全文连贯畅通,内容清晰,主题突出.对于个别拿不准的答案,
应根据语感完成.复查可以采用两种方法：1.不看已选的答案，再把所有的题目做一遍，然后看看两个答案是否一致，如不一致，再仔细比较鉴别；2.把答案代入短文细读一遍，看所选答案是否与短文整体相吻合，再把每个空白处与它相对应的4个答案一一对照。
第二节
语法填空
(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【内蒙古杭锦后旗奋斗中学2017届高三上学期入学摸底】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It
is
natural
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
young
people
are
often
21
（comfort）
when
they
are
with
their
parents.
They
say
that
thei
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
parents
don’t
understand
them.
They
often
think
that
their
parents
are
out
of
touch
with
modern
ways,
22
they
are
too
serious
and
too
strict
with
their
children,
and
that
they
seldom
give
their
children
a
free
hand.
Parents
often
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind
23
difficult
to
win
their
children’s
trust
and
they
always
forget
how
they
themselves
felt
when
young.
Young
people
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )like
to
act
without
much
thinking.
It
is
one
of
their
ways
to
show
that
they
have
grown
up
and
they
can
face
any
difficult
situation.
Adults
worry
24
（much）
easily.
Most
of
them
plan
things
ahead.
Young
people
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )make
their
parents
angry
with
their
25
（choose）
in
clothes,
in
entertainment
and
in
music.
But
they
do
not
mean
to
cause
any
trouble:
It
just
shows
that
they
feel
cut
off
26
the
adult’s
world,
and
they
have
not
yet
been
accepted
into
their
world.
That’s
why
young
people
want
to
make
a
new
culture
of
27
own.
And
if
their
parents
do
not
like
their
music
or
entertainment
or
clothes
or
their
way
of
speech,
this
will
make
the
young
people
very
happy.
Sometimes
you
are
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )proud
of
yourself
that
you
do
not
want
your
parents
to
say
“yes”
to
what
you
do.
All
you
want
is
28
（leave）
alone
and
do
what
you
like.
It
is
natural
enough,
after
29
（be）a
child
for
so
many
years,
when
you
were
completely
under
your
parents’
control.
If
you
plan
to
control
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
your
life,
you’d
better
win
your
parents.
If
your
parents
see
that
you
have
30
high
sense
of
responsibility,
they
will
give
you
the
right
to
do
what
you
want
to
do.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )22.that
根据后句中的and
that可知此处为and连接的三个并列的that引导的宾语从句。应填that。
23.it父母经常发现很难赢得孩子上文信任，此处考查it作形式宾语，其结构为：vt．+it+adj．+to
do。应填it。
24.more
成年人更容易担心。根据句意可知应填more。
25.choices
年轻人在穿着，娱乐和音乐方面的选择会让父母生气。为可数名词，故应填choices。
26.from
这表明他们感觉好似与成人世界隔离了。Cut
off
from切断，断绝，故应填from。
27.their
这就是为什么年轻人要创造一种属于自己的文化的原因。故填their。
28.to
be
left
你所想做的就是独自待着，做想做的事。此处为不定式的被动形式作表语。故填to
be
left。
29.being
after为介词。故填being。
30.a
have
a
high
sense
of
responsibility有高度的责任感。故应填a。
【知识拓展】
宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子.带有宾语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句的那个句子叫主句.宾语从句一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其它”构成,其语序是陈述句语序.
一、哪些词后面常接that引导的宾语从句
主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时,或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表语的系表结构时,后面常接that引导的宾语从句.例如：He
says
that
he
wants
to
speak
to
the
headmaster．他说他想和校长说话.
二、从句的引导词that能省
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )略吗
that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实,that本身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语中常常省略.例如：
I
guess
somebody
else
has
borrowed
it．我猜是别的人把它借走了.
I'm
afraid
you'll
have
to
wait．恐怕你得等一下.
注意：从句前面有插入语时,引导词
that不能省略；如果有两个并列的宾语从句,第二个从句的引导词that也不能省略.例如：She
may
tell
you,for
example,that
she
is
interested
in
Chinese．例如,她可能会告诉你,她对汉语感兴趣.Mr
Read
said（that）he
taught
English
in
a
middle
schoolin
Beijing
and
that
he
came
from
Australia．里德先生说他在北京的一所中学教英语,他来自澳大利亚.
考点：考查语法填空
II阅读
(共两节，满分30分)
第一节
阅读理解
(共1小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A【内蒙古杭锦后旗奋斗中学2017届高三上学期入学摸底】
Guided
Walking
Week
April
2016
Dates:
April
30th-May
7th
2016
Location:
Abdet,
Costa
Blanca
A
week
of
guided
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
walking
in
the
mountains
around
Abdet.
Highlights
include
the
climbing
of
Valencia’s
highest
summit
(Sierra
de
Aitana),
traveling
completely
around
the
impressive
Puig
Campana,
and
several
explorations
in
the
Sierra
de
Aitana.
Ancient
trails
lead
through
spectacular
canyons(峡谷)
to
abandoned
settlements
situated
high
in
the
mountains.
You
will
discover
the
snow
trader
routes
which
lead
from
the
incredible
snow
holes
high
in
the
mountains
down
to
the
villages
and
towns
on
the
coast.
These
years,
golden
eagles
have
made
a
return
to
this
area,
and
you
may
also
see
other
animals—wild
goats,
foxes,
wild
pigs
and
red
squirrels.
As
part
of
the
week
y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou
are
invited
to
help
clear
some
local
walking
paths.
This
involves
clearing
collapsed
walls
and
rocks,
cutting
back
fallen
trees.
This
is
of
course
optional
and
is
just
for
half
a
day,
it’s
actually
great
fun!
Price:$499
Includes:
Accommodation
in
the
beautiful
mountain
village
of
Abdet
All
food-good
home
cooking
Beer,
wine,
soft
drinks
Snacks
and
post
walk
treats
Packed
lunches
&
drinks(except
café/bar
visits)
Expert
guiding
Photos/Videos
of
your
days
in
the
mountains
Airport
pick-up/return
$25
each
way(fly
to
Alicante)
Single
room
supplement
$75
To
book
or
get
further
information,
please
contact
.
31.
What
will
you
find
during
the
guided
walking
A.
Climbing
Sierra
de
Aitana
is
the
most
exciting
B.
Ancient
trails
have
changed
into
highways.
C.
The
environment
in
Abdet
is
getting
better.
D.
Traders
live
in
incredible
snow
holes.
32.
What
may
you
enjoy
if
you
pay
$499
A.
Packed
lunches
including
bar
visits.
B.
Good
home
cooking
breakfast
only.
C.
Bus
stop
pick-up/return
each
way.
D.
Pictures
and
professional
guiding
33.
What
do
the
details
presented
in
the
ad
suggest
A.
Clearing
walking
paths
is
a
must
B.
People
can
book
the
walking
online.
C.
Accommodation
conditions
are
tough.
D.
The
walking
ends
on
April
30th
2016
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【名师点拨】
推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude
indicate等标志性词语。
这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。比如，第23小题，B推理判断题。根据最后一段中To
book
or
get
further
information,
please
contact
infoabdet．com．可知要预定就要提前联系，故答案B正确。
考点：考查广告布告
B
【湖北省沙市中学2017届高三上学期第二次考试】C
Suppose
you
becom
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
a
leader
in
an
organization.
It's
very
likely
that
you'll
want
to
have
volunteers
to
help
with
the
organization's
activities.
To
do
so,
it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work.
Let’s
begin
with
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
question
of
why
people
volunteer.
Researchers
have
identified
several
factors
that
motivate
people
to
get
involved.
For
example,
people
volunteer
to
express
personal
values
related
to
unselfishness,
to
expand
their
range
of
experiences,
and
to
strengthen
social
relationships.
If
volunteer
positions
do
not
meet
these
needs,
people
may
not
wish
to
participate.
To
select
volunteers,
you
may
need
to
understand
the
motivations
of
the
people
you
wish
to
attract.
People
also
vo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lunteer
because
they
are
required
to
do
so.
To
increase
levels
of
community
service,
some
schools
have
launched
compulsory
volunteer
programs.
Unfortunately,
these
programs
can
shift
people's
wish
of
participation
from
an
internal
factor
(e.
g.
,
“I
volunteer
because
it's
important
to
me”)
to
an
external
factor
(
e.
g.
,“I
volunteer
because
I'm
required
to
do
so”).
When
that
happens,
people
become
less
likely
to
volunteer
in
the
future.
People
must
be
sensitive
to
this
possibility
when
they
make
volunteer
activities
a
must.
Once
people
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )egin
to
volunteer,
what
leads
them
to
remain
in
their
positions
over
time
To
answer
this
question,
researchers
have
conducted
follow-up
studies
in
which
they
track
volunteers
over
time.
For
instance,
one
study
followed
238
volunteers
in
Florida
over
a
year.
One
of
the
most
important
factors
that
influenced
their
satisfaction
as
volunteers
was
the
amount
of
suffering
they
experienced
in
their
volunteer
positions.
Although
this
result
may
not
surprise
you,
it
leads
to
important
practical
advice.
The
researchers
note
that
attention
should
be
given
to
“training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers
for
troublesome
situations
or
provide
them
with
strategies
for
coping
with
the
problem
they
do
experience”.
Another
study
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
302
volunteers
at
hospitals
in
Chicago
focused
on
individual
differences
in
the
degree
to
which
people
view
“volunteer”
as
an
important
social
role.
It
was
assumed
that
those
people
for
whom
the
role
of
volunteer
was
most
part
of
their
personal
identity
would
also
be
most
likely
to
continue
volunteer
work.
Participants
indicated
the
degree
to
which
the
social
role
mattered
by
responding
to
statements
such
as
“Volunteering
in
Hospital
is
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.
”
Consistent
with
the
researchers’
expectations,
they
found
a
positive
correlation
(正相关)
between
the
strength
of
role
identity
and
the
length
of
time
people
continued
to
volunteer.
These
results,
once
again,
lead
to
concrete
advice:
“Once
an
individual
begins
volunteering,
continued
efforts
might
focus
on
developing
a
volunteer
role
identity...
Items
like
T-shirts
that
allow
volunteers
to
be
recognized
publicly
for
their
contributions
can
help
strengthen
role
identity”.
34．People
volunteer
mainly
out
of
.
A．academic
requirements
B．social
expectations
C．financial
rewards
D．internal
needs
35．What
can
we
learn
from
the
Florida
study
A．Follow-up
studies
should
last
for
one
year.
B．Volunteers
should
get
mentally
prepared.
C．Strategy
training
is
a
must
in
research.
D．Volunteers
are
provided
with
concrete
advice.
36．What
is
most
likely
to
motivate
volunteers
to
continue
their
work
A．Individual
differ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ences
in
role
identity.
B．Publicly
identifiable
volunteer
T-shirts.
C．Role
ident
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity
as
a
volunteer.
D．Practical
advice
from
researchers.
37．What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．How
to
Get
Peop
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le
to
Volunteer.
B．How
to
Study
Volunteer
Behaviors.
C．How
to
Kee
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p
Volunteers’
Interest.
D．How
to
Organize
Volunteer
Activities.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )35.D推理判断题。结合第四段最后一句“The
researchers
note
that
attention
should
be
given
to
‘training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers
for
troublesome
situations
or
provide
them
with
strategies
for
coping
with
the
problem
they
do
experience．’”可知，这一研究告诉人们要注意让志愿者为棘手情况作准备，要给他们提供应对问题的策略，即让志愿者有精神准备去应对棘手情况和问题等。故正确答案为D。
36.C细节理解题。结合最后一段第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二句“It
was
assumed
that
those
people
for
whom
the
role
of
volunteer
was
most
part
of
their
personal
identity
would
also
be
most
likely
to
continue
volunteer
work．”可知，激励志愿者不断参与志愿者工作的是作为一名志愿者的角色认同。故正确答案为C。
37.A主旨大意题。结合文章第一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“Suppose
you
become
a
leader
in
an
organization．It’s
very
likely
that
you’ll
want
to
have
volunteers
to
help
with
the
organization’s
activities．To
do
so，it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work．”可知，文章是为想找志愿者的组织领导者提供意见，并从两个方面展开，说明想让人们去做志愿者首先要了解人们做志愿者的动机，还要知道人们是依靠什么维持对志愿工作的兴趣。由此可知，本文通篇围绕着如何让人们去做志愿者这一话题。故正确答案为A。
C
【湖北省襄阳市第四中学2017届高三八月第一周周考】
Modern
inventions
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
have
speeded
up
people’s
loves
amazingly.
Motor-cars
cover
a
hundred
miles
in
little
more
than
an
hour,
aircraft
cross
the
world
inside
a
day,
while
computers
operate
at
lightning
speed.
Indeed,
this
love
of
speed
seems
never-ending.
Every
year
motor-cars
are
produced
which
go
even
faster
and
each
new
computer
boats
(吹嘘)
of
saving
precious
seconds
in
handling
tasks.
All
this
save
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
time,
but
at
a
price.
When
we
lose
or
gain
half
a
day
in
speeding
across
the
world
in
an
airplane,
our
bodies
tell
us
so.
We
get
the
uncomfortable
feeling
known
as
jet-lag;
our
bodies
feel
that
they
have
been
left
behind
on
another
time
zone.
Again,
spending
too
long
at
computers
results
in
painful
wrists
and
fingers.
Mobile
phones
also
have
their
dangers,
according
to
some
scientist;
too
much
use
may
transmit
harmful
radiation
into
our
brains,
a
consequence
we
do
not
like
to
think
about.
However,
what
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
we
do
with
the
time
we
have
saved
Certainly
not
relax,
or
so
it
seems.
We
are
so
accustomed
constant
activity
that
we
find
it
difficult
to
sit
and
do
nothing
or
even
just
one
thing
at
a
time.
Perhaps
the
days
are
long
gone
when
we
might
listen
quietly
to
a
story
on
the
radio,
letting
imagination
take
us
into
another
world.
There
was
a
time
when
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some
people’s
lives
were
devoted
simply
to
the
cultivation
of
the
land
or
the
care
of
cattle.
No
multi-tasking
there;
their
lives
went
on
at
a
much
gentler
pace,
and
in
a
familiar
pattern.
There
is
much
that
we
might
envy
about
a
way
of
life
like
this.
Yet
before
we
do
so,
we
must
think
of
the
hard
tasks
our
ancestor
faced:
they
farmed
with
bare
hands,
often
lived
close
to
hunger,
and
had
to
fashion
tools
from
wood
and
stone.
Modern
machinery
has
freed
people
from
that
primitive
existence.
38.What
does
“the
days”
in
Paragraph
3
refer
to
A.
Imaginary
life
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
Simple
life
in
the
past.
C.
Times
of
inventions
D.
Time
for
constant
activity.
39.What
is
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
modern
technology
A.
Critical
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
Objective.
C.
Optimistic.
D.
Negative.
40.What
does
the
passage
mainly
discuss
A.
The
present
and
past
times.
B.
Machinery
and
human
beings.
C.
Imaginati
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ons
and
inventions.
D.
Modern
technology
and
its
influence.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )39.B推理判断题。一方面作者对于现代发明给人们带来的便利予以肯定，另一方面又承认了它的负面影响，所以作者的观点是中立的、客观的。故选B.
40.D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了现代发明提高了人们的生活以及人们该如何处理它所带来的负面影响，故选D。
考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分1
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0分）【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2017届高三入学考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No
personal
succ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess,
achievement,
or
goal,
can
be
realized
without
self-discipline.
41
It
is
the
ability
to
control
one’s
impulses,
emotions,
desires
and
behavior.
To
possess
it
is
to
be
able
to
make
the
decisions,
take
the
actions,
and
carry
out
your
plan
regardless
of
the
obstacles,
discomfort,
or
difficulties,
that
may
come
your
way.
How
to
develop
self-discipline
We’ll
explore
it
together.
·
Start
with
bab
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
steps.
No
process
takes
place
overnight.
42
So,
begin
by
making
the
decision
to
go
forward
and
learning
what
it
takes
to
get
there.
·
Learn
what
mo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tivates
you
and
what
your
bad
triggers
are.
43
Sometimes
it
is
very
difficult
to
fight
off
urges,
so
know
the
areas
where
your
resistance
is
low
and
how
to
avoid
those
situations.
Remove
the
temptations
and
surround
yourself
with
encouraging
items
such
as
motivating
slogans
and
pictures
of
what
you
want
to
achieve.
·
Make
certain
beh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aviors
a
routine.
Once
you
have
decided
what’s
important
to
you
and
which
goals
to
strive
for
,
establish
a
daily
routine
that
will
help
you
achieve
them.
44
They
can
put
you
in
a
negative
frame
of
mind
and
hinder(阻碍)your
self-discipline.
A
poor
attitude
can
also
be
a
bad
habit.
____45____
Michael
Jordan
has
always
maintained
that
his
greatness
as
a
basketball
player
came
as
much
from
his
willingness
to
work
hard
at
his
craft,
as
it
did
his
talent.
It
was
his
desire
through
discipline
and
focus
that
made
him
one
of
the
best
basketball
players
ever.
If
it
worked
for
him,
it
could
certainly
work
for
the
rest
of
us.
A．What
is
self-discipline
B．
Engage
in
sports
or
activities．
C．Get
inspiration
from
those
you
admire．
D．You
can
begin
by
learning
about
yourself
!
E．If
you
try
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
do
too
much
at
once
,
you
could
injure
yourself
and
have
a
setback．
F．Meanwhil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e,
get
rid
of
some
of
your
bad,
self-defeating
habits,
whatever
they
may
be．
G．It
does
mean
learnin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
how
to
focus
your
mind
and
energies
on
your
goals
until
they
are
accomplished．
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述的是保持自律的一些方法。
41.A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据上一句：个人的成功、成就或目标，没有自律都不可能实现。根据下一句：它是控制一个人的冲动，情绪，欲望和行为的能力。可知内容应该是什么是自律。故选A。
42.E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据上一句：从婴儿开始，没有一个过程是在一夜之间发生的。根据下一句：所以从一开始就做出决定，然后前进，学习如何才能到达那里。可知内容是如果你试着做得太多，你可能会伤害自己，要一步步来。故选E。
43.D考查对上下文的理解和推
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )理判断能力。根据上一句：了解你的动机和阻碍是什么。根据下一句：有时是很难对付的冲动，所以知道你的阻碍是什么地方，并且知道如何避免这些情况。可知此处应该是可以开始认识了解你自己！故选D。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查信息匹配
【名师点拨】
高考七选五解题方法
1.通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。
2.分析句型，了解语法构成。
3.当我们了解了文章大意后，要明确每一个空是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )填一个整句子还是半个句子。这一点十分重要，它能够帮助我们迅速确定某些空的选项范围，比如，有一个空的结尾处没有标点符号，后文紧跟着一个句子的后半部分，很显然这时我们需要填的是半个句子，这时便可以在七个选项中找到是半个句子的选项，从而缩小选择范围。比如40小题，考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下一句：迈克尔乔丹一直坚持认为他作为一位伟大的篮球运动员，来自于他的勤奋他的工艺为多，与他的天赋一样。可知此处内容是从自己喜欢的事情中得到力量。故选C。
4.明确关联关系。任何句子
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。比如39小题，考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上一句：一旦你决定什么对你来说是重要的，要争取的目标，建立一个日常工作表，将帮助你实现它们。根据下一句：它们可以给你一个消极的想法阻碍你的自律。所以此处的内容是改掉自己的坏习惯。故选F。
5.带入通读，复查
做完题目切忌直接离开，这是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这是如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做"连错"，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其他空。
III.
写作
(满分25分)
【湖北省襄阳市第四中学2017届高三八月考】书面表达（满分25分）
假设你正在参加全省中学生英语演讲比赛
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),请你针对有些父母经常翻看孩子日记或书包这一现象,写一篇演讲稿,陈述你的观点。演讲稿的主要内容应包括：
1.
认为同学们不必为此苦恼；
2.
希望能够体谅父母的苦衷；
3.
建议与父母进行交流和沟通。
注意：1.
词数120左右；2.
可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；3.
开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
【答案】
Good
morning,
ladies
and
gentlemen.
Some
of
us
are
havin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
problems
with
our
parents,
as
they
often
look
into
our
school
bags
or
read
our
diaries.
I
fully
understand
why
we
are
not
comfortable
about
it,
but
there’s
no
need
to
feel
too
sad.
Our
parents
are
checking
our
bags
or
diaries
to
make
sure
we’re
not
getting
into
any
trouble.
They
have
probably
heard
some
horrible
stories
about
other
kids
and
thought
we
might
do
the
same.
Or
perhaps
they
just
want
to
connect
with
us
but
are
doing
it
all
wrong.
My
suggestion
is:
Tell
them
we
want
them
to
trust
us
as
much
as
we’d
like
to
trust
them.
If
you
don’t
think
you
can
talk
to
them,
write
them
a
letter
and
leave
it
lying
around—they
are
bound
to
read
it.
Thank
you
for
listening!
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )写作亮点：本篇条理清楚，要点全面，结构连贯。其句式上的变化既使得文章生动而流畅，也体现了作者驾驭句式的能力。例如：宾语从句why
we
are
not
comfortable
about
it,
we’re
not
getting
into
any
trouble.
we’re
not
getting
into
any
trouble.
you
can
talk
to
them,文章还运用了look
into，there’s
no
need，connect
with，are
bound
to等词汇。
考点：应用文写作。必修2
Unit
4 Wildlife
protection
单元知识预览
项目
单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）
重点单词
1．protection
n．保护→protect
v．保护→protective
adj.保护的，防护的2．decrease
vi.
&
vt.减少；(使)变小或变少3．loss
n．损失；遗失；丧失→lose
v．遗失，丢失→loser
n．输家；失败者→lost
adj.遗失的，失去的4．hunt
vt.
&
vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻5．respond
vi.回答；响应；作出反应6．certain
adj.确定的；无疑的；某种7．contain
vt.包含；容纳；容忍→container
n．容器8．powerful
adj.强大的；有力的→powerfully
adv.有力地→power
v．给……提供动力9．affect
vt.影响；感动；侵袭10．appreciate
vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到11．succeed
vi.成功
vt.接替；继任12．employ
vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)13．harm
n.
&
vt.损害；危害→harmful
adj.有害的14．bite
vt.
&
vi.咬；叮；刺痛→bit(过去式)→bitten(过去分词)15．inspect
vt.检查；视察16．fierce
adj.凶猛的；猛烈的→fiercely
adv.猛烈地→fierceness
n．猛烈
重点短语
1．die
out 灭亡；逐渐消失2．in
peace
和平地；安详地；和睦地3．in
danger(of)
在危险中，垂危4．in
relief
如释重负5．burst
into
laughter
突然笑起来6．protect...from
保护……不受……(危害)7．pay
attention
to
注意8．come
into
being
形成；产生9．according
to
按照；根据……所说10．do
harm
to
危害11．without
mercy
毫不留情地12．respond
to
对……作出回答
经典句型（高考书面表达必备）
1．Please
take
me
to
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )distant
land
where
I
can
find
the
animal
that
gave
fur
to
make
this
sweater.请把我带到遥远的地方，在那里我能找到为制作这件毛衣提供皮毛的那种动物。2．There
Daisy
saw
an
antelope
looking
sad.在那里，戴茜看到一只藏羚羊面带忧郁的神色。3．It
shows
the
importa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce
of
wildlife
protection，but
I'd
like
to
help
as
the
WWF
suggests.这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
必备语法（高级句型）
特殊句式
晨读范文背诵
【2017·山西省高三名校联考】
假如你是李华，你的加拿大笔友Dave想了解中国的传统节日“春节”，请你回复他的电子邮件，介绍“春节”及这个节日里的主要活动。
1．它是中国的传统节日之一；
2．家人团聚；
3．吃饺子、放焰火、走亲访友等其他活动。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.
可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.
开头结尾已为你写好，不计入总数。
参考词汇：
春节the
Spring
Festival
放焰火set
off
fireworks
Dear
Dave,
In
your
last
letter,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you
asked
me
about
the
Spring
Festival.____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Dave,
In
your
last
lett
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er,
you
asked
me
about
the
Spring
Festival.
As
is
known
to
all,
it
has
been
enjoying
great
popularity
in
our
country.
Usually,
no
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
matter
how
far
away
or
how
busy
we
are,
we
will
try
to
come
home
for
the
celebration.
On
the
eve
of
the
Spring
Festival,
all
the
family
members
get
together,
making
dumplings
and
having
a
feast.
Children
have
great
fun
in
setting
off
fireworks.
Parents
take
their
kids
to
pay
a
visit
to
relatives
or
friends.
In
addition
to
these
traditional
activities,
people
have
a
new
tendency
to
celebrate
it
such
as
travelling
and
sending
best
wishes
through
Wechat.
Hopefully,
you
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll
come
to
China
to
experience
it.
Looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
语言知识精析
重点单词精讲
考点1．respond
vi.回答；响应；做出反应
【教材原句】Daisy
responded
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
immediately.“I'd
like
to
see
some
endangered
wildlife，”she
said.(P26)戴茜马上回答，她说：“我想去看看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。”
【例句研读】
I
asked
her
what
the
time
was，but
she
didn't
respond.我问她几点了，但她没回答。
He
always
responds
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
my
questions
without
any
patience.他总是很不耐烦地回答我的问题。
In
spite
of
hearing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
question，he
made
no
response
to
it.尽管听到了这个问题，他没有做出回应。
【归纳拓展】
response
n.
回答，回复；反应respond
to
sb./sth.回答(比
answer,
reply
to正式)respond
to
sb./sth.
(with/
by
sth.)
用……回应某人(事)respond
to
(疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应response
to
sb./sth.
(对人/物)的回答/回复/反应in
response
to
作为对……的反应
【即时巩固】
(1)They
still
haven't
____________
my
letter.
他们至今仍没有回我的信。
(2)He
____________
my
suggestion
________
a
laugh/______
laughing.
他对我的建议报以一笑。
(3)His
illness
didn't
____________
treatment
by
drugs.
他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。
(4)My
mother
open
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
the
door
____________________
the
knock,
but
there
was
no
one
outside.
听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。
【答案】(1)responded
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(2)responded
to
；with/by(3)respond
to(4)in
response
to
考点2．decrease
vt.&
vi.减少；(使)变小；或变少
n．减少，减小
【教材原句】If
their
habitat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
is
threatened
or
they
cannot
find
enough
food，their
numbers
may
decrease.
(P25)
如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或是它们找不到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。
【例句研读】
They
are
making
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very
effort
to
decrease
the
production
cost.他们正尽力降低生产成本。
There's
a
decrease
in
the
annual
birthrate.年出生率正在下降。
The
price
of
wheat
has
decreased
by
15%.
小麦价格降低了15%。
The
mistakes
he
has
made
are
on
the
decrease.
他犯的错误正在减少。
【归纳拓展】
①on
the
decrease在减少中a
decrease
in...在……方面减少了②decrease
to...减少到……decrease
by...减少了……decrease
from...to...从……减少到……③on
the
increase
在增加
【即时巩固】
介词填空
①There
has
been
some
decrease
traffic
accidents
this
year.
②The
club
membe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs
decreased
two
hundred
compared
with
last
year.
③The
housing
price
is
hoped
to
decrease
10%
this
year.
④To
our
deligh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，varieties
of
birds
in
the
forest
are
the
increase.
【答案】 ①in ②to ③by ④on
考点3．certain
adj.
确定的；无疑的；某(种)
【教材原句】They
allowed
tou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rists
to
hunt
only
a
certain
number
of
animals
if
they
paid
the
farmers.(P26)如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客来猎取一定数量的动物。
【例句研读】
There
is
a
certain
Mr.Smith
on
the
phone
for
you.
有位史密斯先生打电话找你。
I
was
certain
that
he
had
seen
me.
我肯定他已经看见我了。
【归纳拓展】
be
certain
of/about...对……有把握，确信……be
certain
to
do
sth.确定做某事make
certain
of/about/that...确定某事It
is
certain
that...一定能……for
certain＝for
sure确定无疑地，准确地certainly
adv.当然，确定certainty
n．确定，必然的事
【易混易错】
(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于
some。但
some
前不加冠词。
for
a
certain
reason＝for
some
reason
由于某种原因
certain
professors＝some
professors
某些教授
a
certain
amount
of
time
相当一段时间
(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sure。但是
certain
的主语既可以是人，也可用于It
is
certain
that...句型，而
sure
主语只能是人。
“be
certain/sure＋从句”(人)有把握/确信……(表示主语的信念)
be
certain/sure
of/about
sth.
(人)确信(表示主语的信念)
be
certain/sure
to
do
sth.
必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)
“make
certain/sure＋从句”弄清楚/确保……
make
certain/sure
of/about
sth.
把某件事情弄清楚
for
certain/sure
确定地，确切地(做状语)
It
is
certain
that...
一定会……(不能用
sure)
【即时巩固】
(1)There
was
_________________
in
his
manner.他的态度有点冷淡。
(2)Are
you
____________________
it？你对此有把握吗？
(3)He
is
__________________
his
duty.
他肯定会尽职。
(4)_________________
he
has
wronged
me.
我确信他冤枉了我。
(5)_________________
their
team
will
win
the
match.
他们队肯定会赢得比赛。
【答案】(1)a
certai
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
coldness(2)certain
about/of(3)certain
to
do(4)I’m
certain
that(5)It’s
certain
that
考点4．contain
vt.包含；包括；容纳；控制；抑制
【教材原句】It
contains
a
po
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )werful
drug
which
affects
mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。
【例句研读】
The
jar
contains
ten
glasses
of
water.
这只大口瓶能装10杯水。
The
pill
contains
vitamins.
这药片中含有维生素。
She
was
unable
to
contain
her
excitement.
她无法抑制内心的激动。
【易混易错】
contain/include
contain
可指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分。主语与宾语不是同一类的东西。
include
指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构。
Try
not
to
eat
food
which
contains
a
lot
of
fat.
尽量不吃含很多脂肪的食物。
There
are
60
students
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
our
class，including
20
girl
students.＝There
are
60
students
in
our
class，20
girl
students
included.
我们班有60名学生，其中20名女学生。
【即时巩固】
(1)His
paper
___________
no
mistakes
at
all.
他的试卷没有一点错误。
(2)Orange
juice
____________
things
which
help
keep
you
healthy.
橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。
(3)This
bottle
___________
two
glasses
of
beer.
这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。
(4)He
couldn't
____________
for
joy.他不胜欢喜。
【答案】(1)contained(2)contains(3)contains(4)contain
himself
考点5．affect
vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭
【教材原句】It
cont
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ains
a
powerful
drug
which
affects
mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。
【例句研读】
The
children
were
deeply
affected
by
his
life
story.
孩子们被他的人生故事深深感动了。
The
condition
affects
one
in
five
women.
每五个妇女就有一个患有这种病。
As
is
known
to
us，smok
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
has
a
bad
effect
on
our
health.众所周知，吸烟对我们的身体健康有不良影响。
She
is
affected
with
cancer.她患有癌症。
All
the
people
in
the
room
were
affected
to
tears.
屋里的人都感动得流下了眼泪。
【归纳拓展】
be
greatly/deeply
affected 很/深受感动be
affected
by
heat/cold 中暑/着凉be
affected
with
high
fever 发高烧
【易混易错】
affect/effect/influence
affect
只能用作及物动词，其含义是“使……发生变化”，因此“影响”这一词义还可以引申为“感动，感染”。
effect
用作名词，着重指影响的“结果”或“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作用”。常用于词组have
an
effect
on中，意思相当于affect。effect也可以用作及物动词，但意思完全不同，意为“使……发生，产生……结果”。
influence
既可用作名词，也可用作动词，通常指通过
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响。常用的短语搭配：have
an
influence
on
sb./sth.意为“对某人/某事物有影响”。
【即时巩固】
(1)The
amount
of
rain
______
the
growth
of
crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。
(2)One
of
her
lungs
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________
a
little
so
that
she
has
to
rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。
(3)The
audience
____________________
by
his
speech.
听众被他的演讲深深打动了。
【答案】(1)affects(2)is
affected(3)were
deeply
affected
考点6．appreciate
vt.
欣赏；感激；喜欢
【教材原句】You
should
pa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
more
attention
to
the
rainforest
where
I
live
and
appreciate
how
the
animals
live
together.(P26)你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
【例句研读】
Her
abilities
are
not
fully
appreciated
by
her
employer.
她的才干尚未得到雇主的充分赏识。
I
appreciated
his
help
when
we
moved.
我很感激他在我们搬家时给予的帮助。
【归纳拓展】
appreciation
n.
欣赏；感激appreciate
sth.
(thank
sb.)
感激某事或某人appreciatedoing
sth.感激做某事one/one's
doing
sth.感激某人做某事I
would
appreciate
it
if...
如果……，我将不胜感激。
【即时巩固】
语法填空
1.I'd
appreciat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
if
you
would
like
to
teach
me
how
to
use
the
computer.
2.None
of
us
appreciate
fun
of
in
our
daily
life.
【答案】 ④it ⑤being
made
完成句子
(1)He
highly
__________________________.
他非常感谢他的帮助。
(2)We
shall
___________________________
you
again.
我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。
(3)I
really
____________________________
to
the
party.
你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。
(4)I
would
______________________
you
could
help
me.
如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
【答案】(1)appreci
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ated
his
help(2)appreciate
hearing
from(3)appreciate
your
coming(4)appreciate
it
if
考点7．succeed
v．成功
【教材原句】What
must
be
do
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne
if
wildlife
protection
is
to
succeed？(P27)如果野生生物保护得以成功，必须做些什么？
【例句研读】
I'm
sure
you'll
succeed
if
you
work
hard.
你只要努力，我肯定你会成功的。
Did
he
succeed
in
passing
the
exam
他考试及格了吗？
He
met
with
success
in
his
business.
他在事业上获得了成功。
【归纳拓展】
success
n.
成功；成就
成功的人或事successful
adj.
成功的successfully
adv.
成功地succeed
in
doing
sth.have
success
in
doing
sth.be
successful
in
doing
sth.成功做某事achieve
great
success
取得巨大的成功sb./sth.
is
a
success
成功的人或事
【即时巩固】
(1)We
all
_____________________
the
mid－term
examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。
(2)Failure
is
the
mother
of
__________.失败是成功之母。
(3)He
was
_________________________
as
a
novelist.
他是非常成功的小说家。
【答案】(1)succeeded
in
passing(2)success(3)a
success
考点8．harm
n．&
vt.损害；危害
【教材原句】What
shou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld
be
done
to
punish
people
who
do
harm
to
the
animals？(P27)
对于那些伤害动物的人该怎么惩罚他们？
【例句研读】
Have
the
workers
been
harmed
in
the
disaster
工人们在灾难中受伤了吗？
Modern
farming
method
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
does
great
harm
to
the
countryside.现代的耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。
Fruit
juice
can
be
harmful
to
children's
teeth.
果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。
【归纳拓展】
harmful
adj.有害的be
harmful
to＝do
harm
todo
sb.
harm＝do
harm
to
sb.对……有害There
is
no
harm
in
doing
sth.＝It
does
no
harm
(for
sb.)to
do
sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。
【即时巩固】
(1)The
dog
se
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ems
fierce,
but
it
won’t
______
anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。
(2)Fruit
juice
can
______________________
children’s
teeth.
果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。
(3)He
may
say
no,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
but
___________________________
asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。
【答案】(1)harm(2)be
harmful
to(3)there
is
no
harm
in
重点短语精讲
考点1．die
out
灭亡，逐渐消失
【教材原句】As
a
resu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lt
these
endangered
animals
may
even
die
out.(P25)结果濒危动物甚至可能要灭绝。
【例句研读】
This
kind
of
bird
is
dying
out.这种鸟行将灭绝。
Many
old
customs
have
died
out.许多旧的风俗已不复存在。
【归纳拓展】
die
out
绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失die
off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死die
away(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息die
down(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)静下来die
of
指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等die
from
指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死
【即时巩固】
(1)
Scientists
sa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id
that
those
plants
______
a
century
ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。
(2)
Many
old
customs
___________________________.
许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。
(3)If
the
snowstorm
do
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
not
blow
over,
the
cattle
will
______________.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。
(4)Open
the
air
hole;
the
fire
is
___________________.把气孔打开，火要熄了。
(5)Every
wint
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
some
old
people
_______________
hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。
(6)Nowadays
many
people
________________
cancer.现在有很多人死于癌症。
【答案】(1)died
out(2)a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
dying
out(3)die
off(4)dying
down(5)die
from(6)die
of
考点2．in
danger(of)在危险中；垂危
【教材原句】Why
are
they
in
danger
of
disappearing？(P25)为什么它们面临灭绝的危险？
【例句研读】
You
all
know
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
will
be
in
danger
if
he
drives
after
being
drunk.你们都知道，如果他酒后驾车会有危险的。
He
is
in
danger
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
losing
his
job
if
he
goes
on
like
this.他再这样下去会丢掉工作的。
【归纳拓展】
out
of
danger
脱离危险be
a
danger
to
sb./sth.对某人/某物是个威胁
dangerous
adj.危险的(指事物或人对别人有危险)endanger
vt.
危害；危及endangered
adj.
有危险的；濒临灭绝的拓展：与
in/out
of
搭配的短语in
order
有秩序in
sight
看得见in
trouble
在困境中in
line
成行(队)in
place
适合/当in
fashion
时尚out
of
order出故障(机器等工作不正常)out
of
sight
看不见out
of
trouble
摆脱困境out
of
line
不成一直线out
of
place
不合适out
of
fashion
过时
【即时巩固】
(1)The
drowned
girl
was
obviously
_________________________.很明显，那个溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。
(2)The
old
house
is
_________________
collapse.
那所老房子有倒塌的危险。
(3)They
were
told
at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
hospital
that
their
grandmother
was
_________________.
他们在医院得知他们的祖母已经脱离危险了。
【答案】(1)in
immediate
danger(2)in
danger
of(3)out
of
danger
考点3．protect...from/against...保护……免受……侵害
【教材原句】“I'm
prote
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cting
myself
from
mosquitoes，”it
replied.(P26)它答道：“我在保护自己避免被蚊子叮咬呢。”
【例句研读】
He
raised
his
arms
to
protect
his
child
from
hurt.
他伸出手去，保护他的孩子免受伤害。
Her
sudden
arrival
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )revented/stopped/kept
me
from
going
out.她的突然到来使我不能外出。
Lacey
has
a
back
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )injury
that
may
prevent
him
from
playing
in
tomorrow's
game.
莱茜背上受了伤，这可能使他打不了明天的比赛。
【归纳拓展】
defend...from/aga
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inst...保卫……以抵制……keep
sb.
from
doingstop
sb.
(from)
doingprevent
sb.
(from)
doing阻止某人做提示：(1)protect
aga
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inst
和
protect
from
意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用
protect
against,
对于较小的事情常用
protect
from。(2)在
protect...from/ag
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainst...
结构中，from和
against
后面常跟
sth.，有时
against
后跟
being
done
来强调动作的被动性。(3)主动句中
prevent/stop...from...中的
from
可省略，在被动句中
from不可省略，而
keep...from...中的
from无论是在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。
【即时巩固】
(1)Young
plants
should
be
well
______________
the
cold.
幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。
(2)The
hen
___________
its
young
___________
being
attacked
by
the
cat.
母鸡保卫小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。
(3)Everyone
sh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould
take
up
arms
to
__________
our
country
from
invasion.
每个人都应当拿起武器保卫我们的国家不受侵犯。
(4)Nothing
can
______
us
______
realizing
our
dreams.
什么也不能阻止我们实现梦想。
【答案】(1)protected
from(2)protected；against(3)defend(4)stop
from
考点4.
pay
attention
to
注意
【教材原句】You
sh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould
pay
more
attention
to
the
rainforest
where
I
live
and
appreciate
how
the
animals
live
together.(P26)你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
【例句研读】
Our
teachers
always
pay
attention
to
connecting
theory
with
practice.
我们的老师们经常注意理论联系实际。
Attention
should
be
paid
to
your
pronunciation.
你应该注意发音。
She
tried
to
attract
the
waiter's
attention.
她设法吸引服务员的注意。
The
child
fixed
his
attention
on
the
toys.
那个孩子的注意力集中在玩具上。
【归纳拓展】
Attention,
please!
请注意！
(演讲用语)(＝May
I
have
your
attention,
please？)attract/catch/draw/get
one's
attention
to
吸引某人的注意fix/focus/concentrate
one's
attention
on
将注意力集中于devote
one's
attention
to
专心致志于call
one's
attention
to
唤起某人对……的注意提示：以上短语中的
to、on都是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
【即时巩固】
完成句子
1.The
boy
kept
trying
to
(引起他妈妈的注意)but
in
vain.
2.Look
at
me
carefully
and
(集中你的注意力于)my
movement.
3.Please
(请注意)the
difference
between
the
two
words.
4.She
______________________________
her
appearance.她很注重外表。
5.A
great
deal
of
at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tention
has
been
______________
protecting
the
environment.
人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。
【答案】 1.attract/cat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch/draw
his
mother's
attention 2.fix
your
attention
on/upon 3.pay
attention
to4.paid
much
attention
to
5.paid
to
考点5．come
into
being
出现；形成；产生
【教材原句】They
liv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
on
the
earth
tens
of
millions
of
years
ago，long
before
humans
came
into
being
and
their
future
seemed
secure
at
that
time.(P30)
千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，他们的未来在那时看来很安全。
【例句研读】
We
don't
know
when
this
world
came
into
being.
我们不知道这个世界是何时开始存在的。
The
organization
came
into
being
in
1936.
这个组织诞生于1936年。
【归纳拓展】
come
into
effect生效come
into
power/office开始执政，上台come
into
use/service开始使用come
into
sight/view看得见【提示】 以上短语与come
into
being无被动语态，不用于进行时态。
【即时巩固】
完成句子
(1)We
don't
know
when
the
universe
________________________.
我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。
(2)Such
a
custom
______________________
long
ago.
这种风俗很久以前就有了。
【答案】(1)came
into
being(2)came
into
being
用come的相关短语填空
②Such
a
custom
(产生)
long
ago.
③Einstein
was
forced
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
leave
Germany
after
Hitler
(上台)．
④A
new
law
about
driving
after
drinking
(生效)
last
May.
【答案】 ②came
into
being ③came
into
power/office ④came
into
effect
经典句型剖析
考点1
where引导的定语从句
【教材原句】“Please
take
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
a
distant
land
where
I
can
find
the
animal
that
gave
fur
to
make
this
sweater.”(P26)“请把我带到遥远的地方，在那里我能找到提供毛绒来做这件毛衣的那种动物。”
【句法分析】where引导的是一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。
【提示】 如果先行词是地点，但关系词在定语从句中不作地点状语，而是作主语或宾语，则要用关系代词which或
that。
【例句研读】
Is
this
the
place
where
they
went
hunting
last
week
这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？
Have
you
ever
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
to
Qingdao，where
there
are
beautiful
beaches？你去过青岛吗？那里有美丽的沙滩。
【考点聚焦】where引导的定语从句
【即时巩固】
选择题
Many
countrie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
are
now
setting
up
national
parks
animals
and
plants
can
be
protected.
A．when B．which
C．whose
D．
where
【答案】 D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
判断下列句子中where引导何种从句
①This
is
the
place
where
I
was
born.
②Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.
③Let's
start
from
where
we
stopped
yesterday.
【答案】 ①定语从句 ②状语从句 ③宾语从句
考点2
as仿照；像……那样；如……，引导方式状语从句。
【教材原句】It
shows
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )importance
of
wildlife
protection，but
I'd
like
to
help
as
the
WWF
suggests．(P26)
这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。
【句法分析】
as仿照；像……那样；如……，引导方式状语从句。
as
作连词引导的从句：
方式状语从句
译为“按照，正如”
原因状语从句
译为“由于”
让步状语从句
译为“尽管”(从句须倒装)
比较状语从句
译为“像……一样”
时间状语从句
译为“一边……一边……，随着……，当……时候”
【例句研读】
As
it
was
snowing
hard，they
stopped
working.
由于雪下得很大，他们停止了工作。
The
school
children
sang
songs
as
they
walked.
小学生们边走边唱歌。
Child
as
he
is，he
knows
a
lot
about
history.
他虽然是个孩子，但了解很多历史知识。
【考点聚焦】as仿照；像……那样；如……，引导方式状语从句
【即时巩固】
写出下列句子中as的含义
①As
it's
raining
hard，we
can't
go
climbing.
②When
in
Rome，do
as
the
Romans
do.
③It
gets
warmer
as
time
goes
on.
④Try
as
he
might，he
failed
again.
【答案】 ①因为 ②按照 ③随着 ④尽管
考点3
with的复合结构
【教材原句】After
a
while
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )she
saw
some
zebra
with
black
and
white
lines
going
beneath
their
stomachs．(P28)
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
【句法分析】本句中的“wit
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h
black
and
white
lines
going
beneath
their
stomachs”是with的复合结构，在句中作后置定语修饰“some
zebra”。
【例句研读】
With
the
meal
over，we
all
went
home.
吃完了饭，我们都回了家。
She
came
to
a
river
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th
green
grass
and
red
flowers
on
both
sides.她来到了河边，河的两岸长着红花绿草。
A
little
boy
with
two
of
his
front
teeth
missing
ran
into
the
house.
一个掉了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了房子里。
With
the
key
lost，he
had
to
wait
outside
the
door.
由于钥匙丢了，他只好在门外等。
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../../必修2.4%20Wildlife%20protection（讲）-2018年高考英语一轮复习讲练测/X+14.tif"
\
MERGEFORMAT
【考点聚焦】with的复合结构
【即时巩固】
选择题
The
old
couple
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ften
take
a
walk
after
supper
in
the
park
with
their
pet
dog
them.
A．to
follow B．following
C．followed
D．
follows
【答案】 B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用所给词的适当形式填空
①With
a
lot
of
dif
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ficult
problems
(settle)，the
new
president
is
very
busy
all
day
long.
②With
his
mo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther
(help)him，he
is
getting
along
well
with
his
work.
③John
receive
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
an
invitation
to
dinner，and
with
his
work
(finish)，he
gladly
accepted
it.
【答案】 ①to
settle ②helping ③finished
考点4
主语＋be＋形容词＋to
do
【教材原句】When
scien
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tists
inspected
the
bones，they
were
surprised
to
find
that
these
dinosaurs
could
not
only
run
like
the
others
but
also
climb
trees.(P30)
科学家们观察他们的骨头时，惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。
【句法分析】句中they
were
surprised
to
find
属于“主语＋be＋形容词＋to
do”结构。
形容词往往是表示心理活动的词，如：sur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )prised，moved，disappointed，pleased，happy，sad，delighted，sorry，interested，glad，worried，eager，anxious，angry
等；2.不定式作原因状语，表示产生这种心理活动的原因。
【例句研读】
I'm
glad
to
meet
you
here.
我很高兴在这儿遇见你。
John
was
surprised
to
have
received
such
an
invitation.
收到这样的邀请，约翰很吃惊。
【即时巩固】
完成句子
①被邀请参加
2010
世界杯的开幕式他很高兴。
He
be
invited
to
take
part
in
the
opening
ceremony
of
2010
World
Cup.
②发现屋子里空无一人，他们很奇怪。
They
find
that
nobody
was
in
the
house.
【答案】 ①was
delighted
to ②were
surprised
to
考点5
the
way后的定语从句
【教材原句】They
lea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rned
this
from
the
way
the
bones
were
joined
together.(P30)科学家们是根据恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知的这些。
【句法分析】the
bones
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were
joined
together为定语从句，修饰先行词the
way，这里省略了that或in
which。
【例句研读】
I
don't
like
the
way(that/in
which)
he
looks
at
me.
我不喜欢他那种样子看着我。
The
way(that/in
which)he
looks
at
problems
is
wrong.他看问题的方式是错误的。
I
don't
like
the
way(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that/in
which)he
speaks
to
his
mother.我不喜欢他和他母亲讲话的方式。
Following
the
wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y(that/in
which)he
told
me，I
found
out
the
key
to
the
problem
soon.
按照他告诉我的方法，我很快弄清了问题的关键。
【及时巩固】
翻译句子
①我不喜欢他用那种方式嘲笑我。
②这个年轻人处理问题的方式特别奇怪。
【答案】 ①I
don't
like
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
way
he
laughed
at
me. ②The
way
the
young
man
deals
with
problems
is
quite
strange.
